src/libFLAC/stream_encoder_framing.c

   1 /* libFLAC - Free Lossless Audio Codec library
   2  * Copyright (C) 2000,2001  Josh Coalson
   3  *
   4  * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   5  * modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public
   6  * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
   7  * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
   8  *
   9  * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  10  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  11  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
  12  * Library General Public License for more details.
  13  *
  14  * You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public
  15  * License along with this library; if not, write to the
  16  * Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
  17  * Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA.
  18  */
  19
  20 #include <stdio.h>
  21 #include "private/encoder_framing.h"
  22 #include "private/crc.h"
  23 #include "FLAC/assert.h"
  24
  25 #ifdef max
  26 #undef max
  27 #endif
  28 #define max(x,y) ((x)>(y)?(x):(y))
  29
  30 static bool subframe_add_entropy_coding_method_(FLAC__BitBuffer *bb, const FLAC__EntropyCodingMethod *method);
  31 static bool subframe_add_residual_partitioned_rice_(FLAC__BitBuffer *bb, const int32 residual[], const unsigned residual_samples, const unsigned predictor_order, const unsigned rice_parameters[], const unsigned raw_bits[], const unsigned partition_order);
  32
  33 bool FLAC__add_metadata_block(const FLAC__StreamMetaData *metadata, FLAC__BitBuffer *bb)
  34 {
  35         unsigned i;
  36
  37         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, metadata->is_last, FLAC__STREAM_METADATA_IS_LAST_LEN))
  38                 return false;
  39
  40         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, metadata->type, FLAC__STREAM_METADATA_TYPE_LEN))
  41                 return false;
  42
  43         FLAC__ASSERT(metadata->length < (1u << FLAC__STREAM_METADATA_LENGTH_LEN));
  44         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, metadata->length, FLAC__STREAM_METADATA_LENGTH_LEN))
  45                 return false;
  46
  47         switch(metadata->type) {
  48                 case FLAC__METADATA_TYPE_STREAMINFO:
  49                         FLAC__ASSERT(metadata->data.stream_info.min_blocksize < (1u << FLAC__STREAM_METADATA_STREAMINFO_MIN_BLOCK_SIZE_LEN));
  50                         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, metadata->data.stream_info.min_blocksize, FLAC__STREAM_METADATA_STREAMINFO_MIN_BLOCK_SIZE_LEN))
  51                                 return false;
  52                         FLAC__ASSERT(metadata->data.stream_info.max_blocksize < (1u << FLAC__STREAM_METADATA_STREAMINFO_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE_LEN));
  53                         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, metadata->data.stream_info.max_blocksize, FLAC__STREAM_METADATA_STREAMINFO_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE_LEN))
  54                                 return false;
  55                         FLAC__ASSERT(metadata->data.stream_info.min_framesize < (1u << FLAC__STREAM_METADATA_STREAMINFO_MIN_FRAME_SIZE_LEN));
  56                         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, metadata->data.stream_info.min_framesize, FLAC__STREAM_METADATA_STREAMINFO_MIN_FRAME_SIZE_LEN))
  57                                 return false;
  58                         FLAC__ASSERT(metadata->data.stream_info.max_framesize < (1u << FLAC__STREAM_METADATA_STREAMINFO_MAX_FRAME_SIZE_LEN));
  59                         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, metadata->data.stream_info.max_framesize, FLAC__STREAM_METADATA_STREAMINFO_MAX_FRAME_SIZE_LEN))
  60                                 return false;
  61                         FLAC__ASSERT(metadata->data.stream_info.sample_rate > 0);
  62                         FLAC__ASSERT(metadata->data.stream_info.sample_rate < (1u << FLAC__STREAM_METADATA_STREAMINFO_SAMPLE_RATE_LEN));
  63                         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, metadata->data.stream_info.sample_rate, FLAC__STREAM_METADATA_STREAMINFO_SAMPLE_RATE_LEN))
  64                                 return false;
  65                         FLAC__ASSERT(metadata->data.stream_info.channels > 0);
  66                         FLAC__ASSERT(metadata->data.stream_info.channels <= (1u << FLAC__STREAM_METADATA_STREAMINFO_CHANNELS_LEN));
  67                         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, metadata->data.stream_info.channels-1, FLAC__STREAM_METADATA_STREAMINFO_CHANNELS_LEN))
  68                                 return false;
  69                         FLAC__ASSERT(metadata->data.stream_info.bits_per_sample > 0);
  70                         FLAC__ASSERT(metadata->data.stream_info.bits_per_sample <= (1u << FLAC__STREAM_METADATA_STREAMINFO_BITS_PER_SAMPLE_LEN));
  71                         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, metadata->data.stream_info.bits_per_sample-1, FLAC__STREAM_METADATA_STREAMINFO_BITS_PER_SAMPLE_LEN))
  72                                 return false;
  73                         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint64(bb, metadata->data.stream_info.total_samples, FLAC__STREAM_METADATA_STREAMINFO_TOTAL_SAMPLES_LEN))
  74                                 return false;
  75                         for(i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
  76                                 if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, metadata->data.stream_info.md5sum[i], 8))
  77                                         return false;
  78                         }
  79                         break;
  80                 case FLAC__METADATA_TYPE_PADDING:
  81                         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_zeroes(bb, metadata->length * 8))
  82                                 return false;
  83                         break;
  84                 case FLAC__METADATA_TYPE_SEEKTABLE:
  85                         for(i = 0; i < metadata->data.seek_table.num_points; i++) {
  86                                 if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint64(bb, metadata->data.seek_table.points[i].sample_number, FLAC__STREAM_METADATA_SEEKPOINT_SAMPLE_NUMBER_LEN))
  87                                         return false;
  88                                 if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint64(bb, metadata->data.seek_table.points[i].stream_offset, FLAC__STREAM_METADATA_SEEKPOINT_STREAM_OFFSET_LEN))
  89                                         return false;
  90                                 if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, metadata->data.seek_table.points[i].frame_samples, FLAC__STREAM_METADATA_SEEKPOINT_FRAME_SAMPLES_LEN))
  91                                         return false;
  92                         }
  93                         break;
  94                 default:
  95                         FLAC__ASSERT(0);
  96         }
  97
  98         return true;
  99 }
 100
 101 bool FLAC__frame_add_header(const FLAC__FrameHeader *header, bool streamable_subset, bool is_last_block, FLAC__BitBuffer *bb)
 102 {
 103         unsigned u, crc8_start, blocksize_hint, sample_rate_hint;
 104         byte crc8;
 105
 106         FLAC__ASSERT(bb->bits == 0); /* assert that we're byte-aligned before writing */
 107
 108         crc8_start = bb->bytes;
 109
 110         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, FLAC__FRAME_HEADER_SYNC, FLAC__FRAME_HEADER_SYNC_LEN))
 111                 return false;
 112
 113         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, 0, FLAC__FRAME_HEADER_RESERVED_LEN))
 114                 return false;
 115
 116         FLAC__ASSERT(header->blocksize > 0 && header->blocksize <= FLAC__MAX_BLOCK_SIZE);
 117         blocksize_hint = 0;
 118         switch(header->blocksize) {
 119                 case   192: u = 1; break;
 120                 case   576: u = 2; break;
 121                 case  1152: u = 3; break;
 122                 case  2304: u = 4; break;
 123                 case  4608: u = 5; break;
 124                 case   256: u = 8; break;
 125                 case   512: u = 9; break;
 126                 case  1024: u = 10; break;
 127                 case  2048: u = 11; break;
 128                 case  4096: u = 12; break;
 129                 case  8192: u = 13; break;
 130                 case 16384: u = 14; break;
 131                 case 32768: u = 15; break;
 132                 default:
 133                         if(streamable_subset || is_last_block) {
 134                                 if(header->blocksize <= 0x100)
 135                                         blocksize_hint = u = 6;
 136                                 else
 137                                         blocksize_hint = u = 7;
 138                         }
 139                         else
 140                                 u = 0;
 141                         break;
 142         }
 143         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, u, FLAC__FRAME_HEADER_BLOCK_SIZE_LEN))
 144                 return false;
 145
 146         FLAC__ASSERT(header->sample_rate > 0 && header->sample_rate < (1u << FLAC__STREAM_METADATA_STREAMINFO_SAMPLE_RATE_LEN));
 147         sample_rate_hint = 0;
 148         switch(header->sample_rate) {
 149                 case  8000: u = 4; break;
 150                 case 16000: u = 5; break;
 151                 case 22050: u = 6; break;
 152                 case 24000: u = 7; break;
 153                 case 32000: u = 8; break;
 154                 case 44100: u = 9; break;
 155                 case 48000: u = 10; break;
 156                 case 96000: u = 11; break;
 157                 default:
 158                         if(streamable_subset) {
 159                                 if(header->sample_rate % 1000 == 0)
 160                                         sample_rate_hint = u = 12;
 161                                 else if(header->sample_rate % 10 == 0)
 162                                         sample_rate_hint = u = 14;
 163                                 else
 164                                         sample_rate_hint = u = 13;
 165                         }
 166                         else
 167                                 u = 0;
 168                         break;
 169         }
 170         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, u, FLAC__FRAME_HEADER_SAMPLE_RATE_LEN))
 171                 return false;
 172
 173         FLAC__ASSERT(header->channels > 0 && header->channels <= (1u << FLAC__STREAM_METADATA_STREAMINFO_CHANNELS_LEN) && header->channels <= FLAC__MAX_CHANNELS);
 174         switch(header->channel_assignment) {
 175                 case FLAC__CHANNEL_ASSIGNMENT_INDEPENDENT:
 176                         u = header->channels - 1;
 177                         break;
 178                 case FLAC__CHANNEL_ASSIGNMENT_LEFT_SIDE:
 179                         FLAC__ASSERT(header->channels == 2);
 180                         u = 8;
 181                         break;
 182                 case FLAC__CHANNEL_ASSIGNMENT_RIGHT_SIDE:
 183                         FLAC__ASSERT(header->channels == 2);
 184                         u = 9;
 185                         break;
 186                 case FLAC__CHANNEL_ASSIGNMENT_MID_SIDE:
 187                         FLAC__ASSERT(header->channels == 2);
 188                         u = 10;
 189                         break;
 190                 default:
 191                         FLAC__ASSERT(0);
 192         }
 193         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, u, FLAC__FRAME_HEADER_CHANNEL_ASSIGNMENT_LEN))
 194                 return false;
 195
 196         FLAC__ASSERT(header->bits_per_sample > 0 && header->bits_per_sample <= (1u << FLAC__STREAM_METADATA_STREAMINFO_BITS_PER_SAMPLE_LEN));
 197         switch(header->bits_per_sample) {
 198                 case 8 : u = 1; break;
 199                 case 12: u = 2; break;
 200                 case 16: u = 4; break;
 201                 case 20: u = 5; break;
 202                 case 24: u = 6; break;
 203                 default: u = 0; break;
 204         }
 205         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, u, FLAC__FRAME_HEADER_BITS_PER_SAMPLE_LEN))
 206                 return false;
 207
 208         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, 0, FLAC__FRAME_HEADER_ZERO_PAD_LEN))
 209                 return false;
 210
 211         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_utf8_uint32(bb, header->number.frame_number))
 212                 return false;
 213
 214         if(blocksize_hint)
 215                 if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, header->blocksize-1, (blocksize_hint==6)? 8:16))
 216                         return false;
 217
 218         switch(sample_rate_hint) {
 219                 case 12:
 220                         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, header->sample_rate / 1000, 8))
 221                                 return false;
 222                         break;
 223                 case 13:
 224                         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, header->sample_rate, 16))
 225                                 return false;
 226                         break;
 227                 case 14:
 228                         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, header->sample_rate / 10, 16))
 229                                 return false;
 230                         break;
 231         }
 232
 233         /* write the CRC */
 234         FLAC__ASSERT(bb->buffer[crc8_start] == 0xff); /* MAGIC NUMBER for the first byte of the sync code */
 235         FLAC__ASSERT(bb->bits == 0); /* assert that we're byte-aligned */
 236         crc8 = FLAC__crc8(bb->buffer+crc8_start, bb->bytes-crc8_start);
 237         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, crc8, FLAC__FRAME_HEADER_CRC_LEN))
 238                 return false;
 239
 240         return true;
 241 }
 242
 243 bool FLAC__subframe_add_constant(const FLAC__Subframe_Constant *subframe, unsigned subframe_bps, unsigned wasted_bits, FLAC__BitBuffer *bb)
 244 {
 245         bool ok;
 246
 247         ok =
 248                 FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, FLAC__SUBFRAME_TYPE_CONSTANT_BYTE_ALIGNED_MASK | (wasted_bits? 1:0), FLAC__SUBFRAME_ZERO_PAD_LEN + FLAC__SUBFRAME_TYPE_LEN + FLAC__SUBFRAME_WASTED_BITS_FLAG_LEN) &&
 249                 (wasted_bits? FLAC__bitbuffer_write_unary_unsigned(bb, wasted_bits-1) : true) &&
 250                 FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_int32(bb, subframe->value, subframe_bps)
 251         ;
 252
 253         return ok;
 254 }
 255
 256 bool FLAC__subframe_add_fixed(const FLAC__Subframe_Fixed *subframe, unsigned residual_samples, unsigned subframe_bps, unsigned wasted_bits, FLAC__BitBuffer *bb)
 257 {
 258         unsigned i;
 259
 260         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, FLAC__SUBFRAME_TYPE_FIXED_BYTE_ALIGNED_MASK | (subframe->order<<1) | (wasted_bits? 1:0), FLAC__SUBFRAME_ZERO_PAD_LEN + FLAC__SUBFRAME_TYPE_LEN + FLAC__SUBFRAME_WASTED_BITS_FLAG_LEN))
 261                 return false;
 262         if(wasted_bits)
 263                 if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_unary_unsigned(bb, wasted_bits-1))
 264                         return false;
 265
 266         for(i = 0; i < subframe->order; i++)
 267                 if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_int32(bb, subframe->warmup[i], subframe_bps))
 268                         return false;
 269
 270         if(!subframe_add_entropy_coding_method_(bb, &subframe->entropy_coding_method))
 271                 return false;
 272         switch(subframe->entropy_coding_method.type) {
 273                 case FLAC__ENTROPY_CODING_METHOD_PARTITIONED_RICE:
 274                         if(!subframe_add_residual_partitioned_rice_(bb, subframe->residual, residual_samples, subframe->order, subframe->entropy_coding_method.data.partitioned_rice.parameters, subframe->entropy_coding_method.data.partitioned_rice.raw_bits, subframe->entropy_coding_method.data.partitioned_rice.order))
 275                                 return false;
 276                         break;
 277                 default:
 278                         FLAC__ASSERT(0);
 279         }
 280
 281         return true;
 282 }
 283
 284 bool FLAC__subframe_add_lpc(const FLAC__Subframe_LPC *subframe, unsigned residual_samples, unsigned subframe_bps, unsigned wasted_bits, FLAC__BitBuffer *bb)
 285 {
 286         unsigned i;
 287
 288         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, FLAC__SUBFRAME_TYPE_LPC_BYTE_ALIGNED_MASK | ((subframe->order-1)<<1) | (wasted_bits? 1:0), FLAC__SUBFRAME_ZERO_PAD_LEN + FLAC__SUBFRAME_TYPE_LEN + FLAC__SUBFRAME_WASTED_BITS_FLAG_LEN))
 289                 return false;
 290         if(wasted_bits)
 291                 if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_unary_unsigned(bb, wasted_bits-1))
 292                         return false;
 293
 294         for(i = 0; i < subframe->order; i++)
 295                 if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_int32(bb, subframe->warmup[i], subframe_bps))
 296                         return false;
 297
 298         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, subframe->qlp_coeff_precision-1, FLAC__SUBFRAME_LPC_QLP_COEFF_PRECISION_LEN))
 299                 return false;
 300         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_int32(bb, subframe->quantization_level, FLAC__SUBFRAME_LPC_QLP_SHIFT_LEN))
 301                 return false;
 302         for(i = 0; i < subframe->order; i++)
 303                 if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_int32(bb, subframe->qlp_coeff[i], subframe->qlp_coeff_precision))
 304                         return false;
 305
 306         if(!subframe_add_entropy_coding_method_(bb, &subframe->entropy_coding_method))
 307                 return false;
 308         switch(subframe->entropy_coding_method.type) {
 309                 case FLAC__ENTROPY_CODING_METHOD_PARTITIONED_RICE:
 310                         if(!subframe_add_residual_partitioned_rice_(bb, subframe->residual, residual_samples, subframe->order, subframe->entropy_coding_method.data.partitioned_rice.parameters, subframe->entropy_coding_method.data.partitioned_rice.raw_bits, subframe->entropy_coding_method.data.partitioned_rice.order))
 311                                 return false;
 312                         break;
 313                 default:
 314                         FLAC__ASSERT(0);
 315         }
 316
 317         return true;
 318 }
 319
 320 bool FLAC__subframe_add_verbatim(const FLAC__Subframe_Verbatim *subframe, unsigned samples, unsigned subframe_bps, unsigned wasted_bits, FLAC__BitBuffer *bb)
 321 {
 322         unsigned i;
 323         const int32 *signal = subframe->data;
 324
 325         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, FLAC__SUBFRAME_TYPE_VERBATIM_BYTE_ALIGNED_MASK | (wasted_bits? 1:0), FLAC__SUBFRAME_ZERO_PAD_LEN + FLAC__SUBFRAME_TYPE_LEN + FLAC__SUBFRAME_WASTED_BITS_FLAG_LEN))
 326                 return false;
 327         if(wasted_bits)
 328                 if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_unary_unsigned(bb, wasted_bits-1))
 329                         return false;
 330
 331         for(i = 0; i < samples; i++)
 332                 if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_int32(bb, signal[i], subframe_bps))
 333                         return false;
 334
 335         return true;
 336 }
 337
 338 bool subframe_add_entropy_coding_method_(FLAC__BitBuffer *bb, const FLAC__EntropyCodingMethod *method)
 339 {
 340         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, method->type, FLAC__ENTROPY_CODING_METHOD_TYPE_LEN))
 341                 return false;
 342         switch(method->type) {
 343                 case FLAC__ENTROPY_CODING_METHOD_PARTITIONED_RICE:
 344                         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, method->data.partitioned_rice.order, FLAC__ENTROPY_CODING_METHOD_PARTITIONED_RICE_ORDER_LEN))
 345                                 return false;
 346                         break;
 347                 default:
 348                         FLAC__ASSERT(0);
 349         }
 350         return true;
 351 }
 352
 353 bool subframe_add_residual_partitioned_rice_(FLAC__BitBuffer *bb, const int32 residual[], const unsigned residual_samples, const unsigned predictor_order, const unsigned rice_parameters[], const unsigned raw_bits[], const unsigned partition_order)
 354 {
 355         if(partition_order == 0) {
 356                 unsigned i;
 357
 358                 if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, rice_parameters[0], FLAC__ENTROPY_CODING_METHOD_PARTITIONED_RICE_PARAMETER_LEN))
 359                         return false;
 360                 if(rice_parameters[0] < FLAC__ENTROPY_CODING_METHOD_PARTITIONED_RICE_ESCAPE_PARAMETER) {
 361                         for(i = 0; i < residual_samples; i++) {
 362 #ifdef FLAC__SYMMETRIC_RICE
 363                                 if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_symmetric_rice_signed(bb, residual[i], rice_parameters[0]))
 364                                         return false;
 365 #else
 366                                 if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_rice_signed(bb, residual[i], rice_parameters[0]))
 367                                         return false;
 368 #endif
 369                         }
 370                 }
 371                 else {
 372                         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, raw_bits[0], FLAC__ENTROPY_CODING_METHOD_PARTITIONED_RICE_RAW_LEN))
 373                                 return false;
 374                         for(i = 0; i < residual_samples; i++) {
 375                                 if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_int32(bb, residual[i], raw_bits[0]))
 376                                         return false;
 377                         }
 378                 }
 379                 return true;
 380         }
 381         else {
 382                 unsigned i, j, k = 0, k_last = 0;
 383                 unsigned partition_samples;
 384                 const unsigned default_partition_samples = (residual_samples+predictor_order) >> partition_order;
 385                 for(i = 0; i < (1u<<partition_order); i++) {
 386                         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, rice_parameters[i], FLAC__ENTROPY_CODING_METHOD_PARTITIONED_RICE_PARAMETER_LEN))
 387                                 return false;
 388                         partition_samples = default_partition_samples;
 389                         if(i == 0)
 390                                 partition_samples -= predictor_order;
 391                         k += partition_samples;
 392                         if(rice_parameters[i] < FLAC__ENTROPY_CODING_METHOD_PARTITIONED_RICE_ESCAPE_PARAMETER) {
 393                                 for(j = k_last; j < k; j++) {
 394 #ifdef FLAC__SYMMETRIC_RICE
 395                                         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_symmetric_rice_signed(bb, residual[j], rice_parameters[i]))
 396                                                 return false;
 397 #else
 398                                         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_rice_signed(bb, residual[j], rice_parameters[i]))
 399                                                 return false;
 400 #endif
 401                                 }
 402                         }
 403                         else {
 404                                 if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_uint32(bb, raw_bits[i], FLAC__ENTROPY_CODING_METHOD_PARTITIONED_RICE_RAW_LEN))
 405                                         return false;
 406                                 for(j = k_last; j < k; j++) {
 407                                         if(!FLAC__bitbuffer_write_raw_int32(bb, residual[j], raw_bits[i]))
 408                                                 return false;
 409                                 }
 410                         }
 411                         k_last = k;
 412                 }
 413                 return true;
 414         }
 415 }