1 # Copyright 2014 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
2 # Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
3 # found in the LICENSE file.
5 """Android-specific implementation of the core backend interfaces.
7 See core/backends.py for more docs.
17 from memory_inspector import constants
18 from memory_inspector.backends import memdump_parser
19 from memory_inspector.backends import native_heap_dump_parser
20 from memory_inspector.backends import prebuilts_fetcher
21 from memory_inspector.core import backends
22 from memory_inspector.core import exceptions
23 from memory_inspector.core import native_heap
24 from memory_inspector.core import symbol
26 # The memory_inspector/__init__ module will add the <CHROME_SRC>/build/android
27 # deps to the PYTHONPATH for pylib.
28 from pylib import android_commands
29 from pylib.device import device_errors
30 from pylib.device import device_utils
31 from pylib.symbols import elf_symbolizer
34 _SUPPORTED_32BIT_ABIS = {'armeabi': 'arm', 'armeabi-v7a': 'arm'}
35 _SUPPORTED_64BIT_ABIS = {'arm64-v8a': 'arm64'}
36 _MEMDUMP_PREBUILT_PATH = os.path.join(constants.PREBUILTS_PATH,
37 'memdump-android-%(arch)s')
38 _MEMDUMP_PATH_ON_DEVICE = '/data/local/tmp/memdump'
39 _PSEXT_PREBUILT_PATH = os.path.join(constants.PREBUILTS_PATH,
40 'ps_ext-android-%(arch)s')
41 _PSEXT_PATH_ON_DEVICE = '/data/local/tmp/ps_ext'
42 _HEAP_DUMP_PREBUILT_PATH = os.path.join(constants.PREBUILTS_PATH,
43 'heap_dump-android-%(arch)s')
44 _HEAP_DUMP_PATH_ON_DEVICE = '/data/local/tmp/heap_dump'
45 _LIBHEAPPROF_PREBUILT_PATH = os.path.join(constants.PREBUILTS_PATH,
46 'libheap_profiler-android-%(arch)s')
47 _LIBHEAPPROF_FILE_NAME = 'libheap_profiler.so'
50 class AndroidBackend(backends.Backend):
51 """Android-specific implementation of the core |Backend| interface."""
54 'adb_path': 'Path of directory containing the adb binary',
55 'toolchain_path': 'Path of toolchain (for addr2line)'}
58 super(AndroidBackend, self).__init__(
59 settings=backends.Settings(AndroidBackend._SETTINGS_KEYS))
60 self._devices = {} # 'device id' -> |Device|.
62 def EnumerateDevices(self):
63 # If a custom adb_path has been setup through settings, prepend that to the
64 # PATH. The android_commands module will use that to locate adb.
65 if (self.settings['adb_path'] and
66 not os.environ['PATH'].startswith(self.settings['adb_path'])):
67 os.environ['PATH'] = os.pathsep.join([self.settings['adb_path'],
69 for device_id in android_commands.GetAttachedDevices():
70 device = self._devices.get(device_id)
72 device = AndroidDevice(
73 self, device_utils.DeviceUtils(device_id))
74 self._devices[device_id] = device
77 def ExtractSymbols(self, native_heaps, sym_paths):
78 """Performs symbolization. Returns a |symbol.Symbols| from |NativeHeap|s.
80 This method performs the symbolization but does NOT decorate (i.e. add
81 symbol/source info) to the stack frames of |native_heaps|. The heaps
82 can be decorated as needed using the native_heap.SymbolizeUsingSymbolDB()
83 method. Rationale: the most common use case in this application is:
84 symbolize-and-store-symbols and load-symbols-and-decorate-heaps (in two
85 different stages at two different times).
88 native_heaps: a collection of native_heap.NativeHeap instances.
89 sym_paths: either a list of or a string of semicolon-sep. symbol paths.
91 assert(all(isinstance(x, native_heap.NativeHeap) for x in native_heaps))
92 symbols = symbol.Symbols()
94 # Find addr2line in toolchain_path.
95 if isinstance(sym_paths, basestring):
96 sym_paths = sym_paths.split(';')
97 matches = glob.glob(os.path.join(self.settings['toolchain_path'],
100 raise exceptions.MemoryInspectorException('Cannot find addr2line')
101 addr2line_path = matches[0]
103 # First group all the stack frames together by lib path.
105 for nheap in native_heaps:
106 for stack_frame in nheap.stack_frames.itervalues():
107 frames = frames_by_lib.setdefault(stack_frame.exec_file_rel_path, set())
108 frames.add(stack_frame)
110 # The symbolization process is asynchronous (but yet single-threaded). This
111 # callback is invoked every time the symbol info for a stack frame is ready.
112 def SymbolizeAsyncCallback(sym_info, stack_frame):
113 if not sym_info.name:
115 sym = symbol.Symbol(name=sym_info.name,
116 source_file_path=sym_info.source_path,
117 line_number=sym_info.source_line)
118 symbols.Add(stack_frame.exec_file_rel_path, stack_frame.offset, sym)
119 # TODO(primiano): support inline sym info (i.e. |sym_info.inlined_by|).
121 # Perform the actual symbolization (ordered by lib).
122 for exec_file_rel_path, frames in frames_by_lib.iteritems():
123 # Look up the full path of the symbol in the sym paths.
124 exec_file_name = posixpath.basename(exec_file_rel_path)
125 if exec_file_rel_path.startswith('/'):
126 exec_file_rel_path = exec_file_rel_path[1:]
127 if not exec_file_rel_path:
129 exec_file_abs_path = ''
130 for sym_path in sym_paths:
131 # First try to locate the symbol file following the full relative path
132 # e.g. /host/syms/ + /system/lib/foo.so => /host/syms/system/lib/foo.so.
133 exec_file_abs_path = os.path.join(sym_path, exec_file_rel_path)
134 if os.path.exists(exec_file_abs_path):
137 # If no luck, try looking just for the file name in the sym path,
138 # e.g. /host/syms/ + (/system/lib/)foo.so => /host/syms/foo.so.
139 exec_file_abs_path = os.path.join(sym_path, exec_file_name)
140 if os.path.exists(exec_file_abs_path):
143 # In the case of a Chrome component=shared_library build, the libs are
144 # renamed to .cr.so. Look for foo.so => foo.cr.so.
145 exec_file_abs_path = os.path.join(
146 sym_path, exec_file_name.replace('.so', '.cr.so'))
147 if os.path.exists(exec_file_abs_path):
150 if not os.path.isfile(exec_file_abs_path):
153 symbolizer = elf_symbolizer.ELFSymbolizer(
154 elf_file_path=exec_file_abs_path,
155 addr2line_path=addr2line_path,
156 callback=SymbolizeAsyncCallback,
159 # Kick off the symbolizer and then wait that all callbacks are issued.
160 for stack_frame in sorted(frames, key=lambda x: x.offset):
161 symbolizer.SymbolizeAsync(stack_frame.offset, stack_frame)
171 class AndroidDevice(backends.Device):
172 """Android-specific implementation of the core |Device| interface."""
175 'native_symbol_paths': 'Semicolon-sep. list of native libs search path'}
177 def __init__(self, backend, adb):
178 super(AndroidDevice, self).__init__(
180 settings=backends.Settings(AndroidDevice._SETTINGS_KEYS))
182 self._name = '%s %s' % (adb.GetProp('ro.product.model'),
183 adb.GetProp('ro.build.id'))
185 self._sys_stats = None
186 self._last_device_stats = None
187 self._sys_stats_last_update = None
188 self._processes = {} # pid (int) -> |Process|
189 self._initialized = False
191 # Determine the available ABIs, |_arch| will contain the primary ABI.
192 # TODO(primiano): For the moment we support only one ABI per device (i.e. we
193 # assume that all processes are 64 bit on 64 bit device, failing to profile
194 # 32 bit ones). Dealing properly with multi-ABIs requires work on ps_ext and
195 # at the moment is not an interesting use case.
199 abi = adb.GetProp('ro.product.cpu.abi')
200 if abi in _SUPPORTED_64BIT_ABIS:
201 self._arch = self._arch64 = _SUPPORTED_64BIT_ABIS[abi]
202 elif abi in _SUPPORTED_32BIT_ABIS:
203 self._arch = self._arch32 = _SUPPORTED_32BIT_ABIS[abi]
205 raise exceptions.MemoryInspectorException('ABI %s not supported' % abi)
207 def Initialize(self):
208 """Starts adb root and deploys the prebuilt binaries on initialization."""
210 self.adb.EnableRoot()
211 except device_errors.CommandFailedError:
212 # TODO(jbudorick): Handle this exception appropriately after interface
213 # conversions are finished.
214 raise exceptions.MemoryInspectorException(
215 'The device must be adb root-able in order to use memory_inspector')
217 # Download (from GCS) and deploy prebuilt helper binaries on the device.
218 self._DeployPrebuiltOnDeviceIfNeeded(
219 _MEMDUMP_PREBUILT_PATH % {'arch': self._arch}, _MEMDUMP_PATH_ON_DEVICE)
220 self._DeployPrebuiltOnDeviceIfNeeded(
221 _PSEXT_PREBUILT_PATH % {'arch': self._arch}, _PSEXT_PATH_ON_DEVICE)
222 self._DeployPrebuiltOnDeviceIfNeeded(
223 _HEAP_DUMP_PREBUILT_PATH % {'arch': self._arch},
224 _HEAP_DUMP_PATH_ON_DEVICE)
226 self._initialized = True
228 def IsNativeTracingEnabled(self):
229 """Checks whether the libheap_profiler is preloaded in the zygote."""
230 zygote_name = 'zygote64' if self._arch64 else 'zygote'
231 zygote_process = [p for p in self.ListProcesses() if p.name == zygote_name]
232 if not zygote_process:
233 raise exceptions.MemoryInspectorException('Zygote process not found')
234 zygote_pid = zygote_process[0].pid
235 zygote_maps = self.adb.RunShellCommand('cat /proc/%d/maps' % zygote_pid)
236 return any(('libheap_profiler' in line for line in zygote_maps))
238 def EnableNativeTracing(self, enabled):
239 """Installs libheap_profiler in and injects it in the Zygote."""
241 def WrapZygote(app_process):
242 WRAPPER_SCRIPT = ('#!/system/bin/sh\n'
243 'LD_PRELOAD="libheap_profiler.so:$LD_PRELOAD" '
244 'exec %s.real "$@"\n' % app_process)
245 self.adb.RunShellCommand('mv %(0)s %(0)s.real' % {'0': app_process})
246 self.adb.WriteFile(app_process, WRAPPER_SCRIPT)
247 self.adb.RunShellCommand('chown root.shell ' + app_process)
248 self.adb.RunShellCommand('chmod 755 ' + app_process)
251 for suffix in ('', '32', '64'):
252 # We don't really care if app_processX.real doesn't exists and mv fails.
253 # If app_processX.real doesn't exists, either app_processX is already
254 # unwrapped or it doesn't exists for the current arch.
255 app_process = '/system/bin/app_process' + suffix
256 self.adb.RunShellCommand('mv %(0)s.real %(0)s' % {'0': app_process})
258 assert(self._initialized)
259 self.adb.old_interface.MakeSystemFolderWritable()
261 # Start restoring the original state in any case.
265 # Temporarily disable SELinux (until next reboot).
266 self.adb.RunShellCommand('setenforce 0')
268 # Wrap the Zygote startup binary (app_process) with a script which
269 # LD_PRELOADs libheap_profiler and invokes the original Zygote process.
271 app_process = '/system/bin/app_process64'
272 assert(self.adb.FileExists(app_process))
273 self._DeployPrebuiltOnDeviceIfNeeded(
274 _LIBHEAPPROF_PREBUILT_PATH % {'arch': self._arch64},
275 '/system/lib64/' + _LIBHEAPPROF_FILE_NAME)
276 WrapZygote(app_process)
279 # Path is app_process32 for Android >= L, app_process when < L.
280 app_process = '/system/bin/app_process32'
281 if not self.adb.FileExists(app_process):
282 app_process = '/system/bin/app_process'
283 assert(self.adb.FileExists(app_process))
284 self._DeployPrebuiltOnDeviceIfNeeded(
285 _LIBHEAPPROF_PREBUILT_PATH % {'arch': self._arch32},
286 '/system/lib/' + _LIBHEAPPROF_FILE_NAME)
287 WrapZygote(app_process)
289 # Respawn the zygote (the device will kind of reboot at this point).
290 self.adb.old_interface.RestartShell()
291 self.adb.old_interface.Adb().WaitForDevicePm(wait_time=30)
293 # Remove the wrapper. This won't have effect until the next reboot, when
294 # the profiler will be automatically disarmed.
297 # We can also unlink the lib files at this point. Once the Zygote has
298 # started it will keep the inodes refcounted anyways through its lifetime.
299 self.adb.RunShellCommand('rm /system/lib*/' + _LIBHEAPPROF_FILE_NAME)
301 def ListProcesses(self):
302 """Returns a sequence of |AndroidProcess|."""
303 self._RefreshProcessesList()
304 return self._processes.itervalues()
306 def GetProcess(self, pid):
307 """Returns an instance of |AndroidProcess| (None if not found)."""
308 assert(isinstance(pid, int))
309 self._RefreshProcessesList()
310 return self._processes.get(pid)
313 """Returns an instance of |DeviceStats| with the OS CPU/Memory stats."""
314 cur = self.UpdateAndGetSystemStats()
315 old = self._last_device_stats or cur # Handle 1st call case.
316 uptime = cur['time']['ticks'] / cur['time']['rate']
317 ticks = max(1, cur['time']['ticks'] - old['time']['ticks'])
320 for i in xrange(len(cur['cpu'])):
322 'usr': 100 * (cur['cpu'][i]['usr'] - old['cpu'][i]['usr']) / ticks,
323 'sys': 100 * (cur['cpu'][i]['sys'] - old['cpu'][i]['sys']) / ticks,
324 'idle': 100 * (cur['cpu'][i]['idle'] - old['cpu'][i]['idle']) / ticks}
325 # The idle tick count on many Linux kernels is frozen when the CPU is
326 # offline, and bumps up (compensating all the offline period) when it
327 # reactivates. For this reason it needs to be saturated at [0, 100].
328 cpu_time['idle'] = max(0, min(cpu_time['idle'],
329 100 - cpu_time['usr'] - cpu_time['sys']))
331 cpu_times.append(cpu_time)
333 memory_stats = {'Free': cur['mem']['MemFree:'],
334 'Cache': cur['mem']['Buffers:'] + cur['mem']['Cached:'],
335 'Swap': cur['mem']['SwapCached:'],
336 'Anonymous': cur['mem']['AnonPages:'],
337 'Kernel': cur['mem']['VmallocUsed:']}
338 self._last_device_stats = cur
340 return backends.DeviceStats(uptime=uptime,
342 memory_stats=memory_stats)
344 def UpdateAndGetSystemStats(self):
345 """Grabs and caches system stats through ps_ext (max cache TTL = 0.5s).
347 Rationale of caching: avoid invoking adb too often, it is slow.
349 assert(self._initialized)
350 max_ttl = datetime.timedelta(seconds=0.5)
351 if (self._sys_stats_last_update and
352 datetime.datetime.now() - self._sys_stats_last_update <= max_ttl):
353 return self._sys_stats
355 dump_out = '\n'.join(
356 self.adb.RunShellCommand(_PSEXT_PATH_ON_DEVICE))
357 stats = json.loads(dump_out)
358 assert(all([x in stats for x in ['cpu', 'processes', 'time', 'mem']])), (
359 'ps_ext returned a malformed JSON dictionary.')
360 self._sys_stats = stats
361 self._sys_stats_last_update = datetime.datetime.now()
362 return self._sys_stats
364 def _RefreshProcessesList(self):
365 sys_stats = self.UpdateAndGetSystemStats()
366 processes_to_delete = set(self._processes.keys())
367 for pid, proc in sys_stats['processes'].iteritems():
369 process = self._processes.get(pid)
370 if not process or process.name != proc['name']:
371 process = AndroidProcess(self, int(pid), proc['name'])
372 self._processes[pid] = process
373 processes_to_delete.discard(pid)
374 for pid in processes_to_delete:
375 del self._processes[pid]
377 def _DeployPrebuiltOnDeviceIfNeeded(self, local_path, path_on_device):
378 # TODO(primiano): check that the md5 binary is built-in also on pre-KK.
379 # Alternatively add tools/android/md5sum to prebuilts and use that one.
380 prebuilts_fetcher.GetIfChanged(local_path)
381 with open(local_path, 'rb') as f:
382 local_hash = hashlib.md5(f.read()).hexdigest()
383 device_md5_out = self.adb.RunShellCommand(
384 'md5 "%s"' % path_on_device)
385 if local_hash in device_md5_out:
387 self.adb.old_interface.Adb().Push(local_path, path_on_device)
388 self.adb.RunShellCommand('chmod 755 "%s"' % path_on_device)
392 """Device name, as defined in the |backends.Device| interface."""
397 """Device id, as defined in the |backends.Device| interface."""
401 class AndroidProcess(backends.Process):
402 """Android-specific implementation of the core |Process| interface."""
404 def __init__(self, device, pid, name):
405 super(AndroidProcess, self).__init__(device, pid, name)
406 self._last_sys_stats = None
408 def DumpMemoryMaps(self):
409 """Grabs and parses memory maps through memdump."""
410 cmd = '%s %d' % (_MEMDUMP_PATH_ON_DEVICE, self.pid)
411 dump_out = self.device.adb.RunShellCommand(cmd)
412 return memdump_parser.Parse(dump_out)
414 def DumpNativeHeap(self):
415 """Grabs and parses native heap traces using heap_dump."""
416 cmd = '%s -n -x %d' % (_HEAP_DUMP_PATH_ON_DEVICE, self.pid)
417 out_lines = self.device.adb.RunShellCommand(cmd)
418 return native_heap_dump_parser.Parse('\n'.join(out_lines))
421 self.device.adb.RunShellCommand('kill -STOP %d' % self.pid)
424 self.device.adb.RunShellCommand('kill -CONT %d' % self.pid)
427 """Calculate process CPU/VM stats (CPU stats are relative to last call)."""
428 # Process must retain its own copy of _last_sys_stats because CPU times
429 # are calculated relatively to the last GetStats() call (for the process).
430 cur_sys_stats = self.device.UpdateAndGetSystemStats()
431 old_sys_stats = self._last_sys_stats or cur_sys_stats
432 cur_proc_stats = cur_sys_stats['processes'].get(str(self.pid))
433 old_proc_stats = old_sys_stats['processes'].get(str(self.pid))
435 # The process might have gone in the meanwhile.
436 if (not cur_proc_stats or not old_proc_stats):
439 run_time = (((cur_sys_stats['time']['ticks'] -
440 cur_proc_stats['start_time']) / cur_sys_stats['time']['rate']))
441 ticks = max(1, cur_sys_stats['time']['ticks'] -
442 old_sys_stats['time']['ticks'])
444 ((cur_proc_stats['user_time'] + cur_proc_stats['sys_time']) -
445 (old_proc_stats['user_time'] + old_proc_stats['sys_time'])) /
446 ticks) / len(cur_sys_stats['cpu'])
447 proc_stats = backends.ProcessStats(
448 threads=cur_proc_stats['n_threads'],
451 vm_rss=cur_proc_stats['vm_rss'],
453 (cur_proc_stats['maj_faults'] + cur_proc_stats['min_faults']) -
454 (old_proc_stats['maj_faults'] + old_proc_stats['min_faults'])))
455 self._last_sys_stats = cur_sys_stats