1 # Copyright 2014 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
2 # Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
3 # found in the LICENSE file.
5 """Android-specific implementation of the core backend interfaces.
7 See core/backends.py for more docs.
17 from memory_inspector import constants
18 from memory_inspector.backends import prebuilts_fetcher
19 from memory_inspector.backends.android import dumpheap_native_parser
20 from memory_inspector.backends.android import memdump_parser
21 from memory_inspector.core import backends
22 from memory_inspector.core import exceptions
23 from memory_inspector.core import native_heap
24 from memory_inspector.core import symbol
26 # The memory_inspector/__init__ module will add the <CHROME_SRC>/build/android
27 # deps to the PYTHONPATH for pylib.
28 from pylib import android_commands
29 from pylib.device import device_utils
30 from pylib.symbols import elf_symbolizer
33 _MEMDUMP_PREBUILT_PATH = os.path.join(constants.PROJECT_SRC,
34 'prebuilts', 'memdump-android-arm')
35 _MEMDUMP_PATH_ON_DEVICE = '/data/local/tmp/memdump'
36 _PSEXT_PREBUILT_PATH = os.path.join(constants.PROJECT_SRC,
37 'prebuilts', 'ps_ext-android-arm')
38 _PSEXT_PATH_ON_DEVICE = '/data/local/tmp/ps_ext'
39 _DLMALLOC_DEBUG_SYSPROP = 'libc.debug.malloc'
40 _DUMPHEAP_OUT_FILE_PATH = '/data/local/tmp/heap-%d-native.dump'
43 class AndroidBackend(backends.Backend):
44 """Android-specific implementation of the core |Backend| interface."""
47 'adb_path': 'Path of directory containing the adb binary',
48 'toolchain_path': 'Path of toolchain (for addr2line)'}
51 super(AndroidBackend, self).__init__(
52 settings=backends.Settings(AndroidBackend._SETTINGS_KEYS))
53 self._devices = {} # 'device id' -> |Device|.
55 def EnumerateDevices(self):
56 # If a custom adb_path has been setup through settings, prepend that to the
57 # PATH. The android_commands module will use that to locate adb.
58 if (self.settings['adb_path'] and
59 not os.environ['PATH'].startswith(self.settings['adb_path'])):
60 os.environ['PATH'] = os.pathsep.join([self.settings['adb_path'],
62 for device_id in android_commands.GetAttachedDevices():
63 device = self._devices.get(device_id)
65 device = AndroidDevice(
66 self, device_utils.DeviceUtils(device_id))
67 self._devices[device_id] = device
70 def ExtractSymbols(self, native_heaps, sym_paths):
71 """Performs symbolization. Returns a |symbol.Symbols| from |NativeHeap|s.
73 This method performs the symbolization but does NOT decorate (i.e. add
74 symbol/source info) to the stack frames of |native_heaps|. The heaps
75 can be decorated as needed using the native_heap.SymbolizeUsingSymbolDB()
76 method. Rationale: the most common use case in this application is:
77 symbolize-and-store-symbols and load-symbols-and-decorate-heaps (in two
78 different stages at two different times).
81 native_heaps: a collection of native_heap.NativeHeap instances.
82 sym_paths: either a list of or a string of comma-separated symbol paths.
84 assert(all(isinstance(x, native_heap.NativeHeap) for x in native_heaps))
85 symbols = symbol.Symbols()
87 # Find addr2line in toolchain_path.
88 if isinstance(sym_paths, basestring):
89 sym_paths = sym_paths.split(',')
90 matches = glob.glob(os.path.join(self.settings['toolchain_path'],
93 raise exceptions.MemoryInspectorException('Cannot find addr2line')
94 addr2line_path = matches[0]
96 # First group all the stack frames together by lib path.
98 for nheap in native_heaps:
99 for stack_frame in nheap.stack_frames.itervalues():
100 frames = frames_by_lib.setdefault(stack_frame.exec_file_rel_path, set())
101 frames.add(stack_frame)
103 # The symbolization process is asynchronous (but yet single-threaded). This
104 # callback is invoked every time the symbol info for a stack frame is ready.
105 def SymbolizeAsyncCallback(sym_info, stack_frame):
106 if not sym_info.name:
108 sym = symbol.Symbol(name=sym_info.name,
109 source_file_path=sym_info.source_path,
110 line_number=sym_info.source_line)
111 symbols.Add(stack_frame.exec_file_rel_path, stack_frame.offset, sym)
112 # TODO(primiano): support inline sym info (i.e. |sym_info.inlined_by|).
114 # Perform the actual symbolization (ordered by lib).
115 for exec_file_rel_path, frames in frames_by_lib.iteritems():
116 # Look up the full path of the symbol in the sym paths.
117 exec_file_name = posixpath.basename(exec_file_rel_path)
118 if exec_file_rel_path.startswith('/'):
119 exec_file_rel_path = exec_file_rel_path[1:]
120 exec_file_abs_path = ''
121 for sym_path in sym_paths:
122 # First try to locate the symbol file following the full relative path
123 # e.g. /host/syms/ + /system/lib/foo.so => /host/syms/system/lib/foo.so.
124 exec_file_abs_path = os.path.join(sym_path, exec_file_rel_path)
125 if os.path.exists(exec_file_abs_path):
128 # If no luck, try looking just for the file name in the sym path,
129 # e.g. /host/syms/ + (/system/lib/)foo.so => /host/syms/foo.so
130 exec_file_abs_path = os.path.join(sym_path, exec_file_name)
131 if os.path.exists(exec_file_abs_path):
134 if not os.path.exists(exec_file_abs_path):
137 symbolizer = elf_symbolizer.ELFSymbolizer(
138 elf_file_path=exec_file_abs_path,
139 addr2line_path=addr2line_path,
140 callback=SymbolizeAsyncCallback,
143 # Kick off the symbolizer and then wait that all callbacks are issued.
144 for stack_frame in sorted(frames, key=lambda x: x.offset):
145 symbolizer.SymbolizeAsync(stack_frame.offset, stack_frame)
155 class AndroidDevice(backends.Device):
156 """Android-specific implementation of the core |Device| interface."""
159 'native_symbol_paths': 'Comma-separated list of native libs search path'}
161 def __init__(self, backend, underlying_device):
162 super(AndroidDevice, self).__init__(
164 settings=backends.Settings(AndroidDevice._SETTINGS_KEYS))
165 self.underlying_device = underlying_device
166 self._id = underlying_device.old_interface.GetDevice()
167 self._name = underlying_device.old_interface.GetProductModel()
168 self._sys_stats = None
169 self._last_device_stats = None
170 self._sys_stats_last_update = None
171 self._processes = {} # pid (int) -> |Process|
172 self._initialized = False
174 def Initialize(self):
175 """Starts adb root and deploys the prebuilt binaries on initialization."""
176 self.underlying_device.old_interface.EnableAdbRoot()
178 # Download (from GCS) and deploy prebuilt helper binaries on the device.
179 self._DeployPrebuiltOnDeviceIfNeeded(_MEMDUMP_PREBUILT_PATH,
180 _MEMDUMP_PATH_ON_DEVICE)
181 self._DeployPrebuiltOnDeviceIfNeeded(_PSEXT_PREBUILT_PATH,
182 _PSEXT_PATH_ON_DEVICE)
183 self._initialized = True
185 def IsNativeTracingEnabled(self):
186 """Checks for the libc.debug.malloc system property."""
187 return bool(self.underlying_device.old_interface.system_properties[
188 _DLMALLOC_DEBUG_SYSPROP])
190 def EnableNativeTracing(self, enabled):
191 """Enables libc.debug.malloc and restarts the shell."""
192 assert(self._initialized)
193 prop_value = '1' if enabled else ''
194 self.underlying_device.old_interface.system_properties[
195 _DLMALLOC_DEBUG_SYSPROP] = prop_value
196 assert(self.IsNativeTracingEnabled())
197 # The libc.debug property takes effect only after restarting the Zygote.
198 self.underlying_device.old_interface.RestartShell()
200 def ListProcesses(self):
201 """Returns a sequence of |AndroidProcess|."""
202 self._RefreshProcessesList()
203 return self._processes.itervalues()
205 def GetProcess(self, pid):
206 """Returns an instance of |AndroidProcess| (None if not found)."""
207 assert(isinstance(pid, int))
208 self._RefreshProcessesList()
209 return self._processes.get(pid)
212 """Returns an instance of |DeviceStats| with the OS CPU/Memory stats."""
213 cur = self.UpdateAndGetSystemStats()
214 old = self._last_device_stats or cur # Handle 1st call case.
215 uptime = cur['time']['ticks'] / cur['time']['rate']
216 ticks = max(1, cur['time']['ticks'] - old['time']['ticks'])
219 for i in xrange(len(cur['cpu'])):
221 'usr': 100 * (cur['cpu'][i]['usr'] - old['cpu'][i]['usr']) / ticks,
222 'sys': 100 * (cur['cpu'][i]['sys'] - old['cpu'][i]['sys']) / ticks,
223 'idle': 100 * (cur['cpu'][i]['idle'] - old['cpu'][i]['idle']) / ticks}
224 # The idle tick count on many Linux kernels is frozen when the CPU is
225 # offline, and bumps up (compensating all the offline period) when it
226 # reactivates. For this reason it needs to be saturated at [0, 100].
227 cpu_time['idle'] = max(0, min(cpu_time['idle'],
228 100 - cpu_time['usr'] - cpu_time['sys']))
230 cpu_times.append(cpu_time)
232 memory_stats = {'Free': cur['mem']['MemFree:'],
233 'Cache': cur['mem']['Buffers:'] + cur['mem']['Cached:'],
234 'Swap': cur['mem']['SwapCached:'],
235 'Anonymous': cur['mem']['AnonPages:'],
236 'Kernel': cur['mem']['VmallocUsed:']}
237 self._last_device_stats = cur
239 return backends.DeviceStats(uptime=uptime,
241 memory_stats=memory_stats)
243 def UpdateAndGetSystemStats(self):
244 """Grabs and caches system stats through ps_ext (max cache TTL = 0.5s).
246 Rationale of caching: avoid invoking adb too often, it is slow.
248 assert(self._initialized)
249 max_ttl = datetime.timedelta(seconds=0.5)
250 if (self._sys_stats_last_update and
251 datetime.datetime.now() - self._sys_stats_last_update <= max_ttl):
252 return self._sys_stats
254 dump_out = '\n'.join(
255 self.underlying_device.old_interface.RunShellCommand(
256 _PSEXT_PATH_ON_DEVICE))
257 stats = json.loads(dump_out)
258 assert(all([x in stats for x in ['cpu', 'processes', 'time', 'mem']])), (
259 'ps_ext returned a malformed JSON dictionary.')
260 self._sys_stats = stats
261 self._sys_stats_last_update = datetime.datetime.now()
262 return self._sys_stats
264 def _RefreshProcessesList(self):
265 sys_stats = self.UpdateAndGetSystemStats()
266 processes_to_delete = set(self._processes.keys())
267 for pid, proc in sys_stats['processes'].iteritems():
269 process = self._processes.get(pid)
270 if not process or process.name != proc['name']:
271 process = AndroidProcess(self, int(pid), proc['name'])
272 self._processes[pid] = process
273 processes_to_delete.discard(pid)
274 for pid in processes_to_delete:
275 del self._processes[pid]
277 def _DeployPrebuiltOnDeviceIfNeeded(self, local_path, path_on_device):
278 # TODO(primiano): check that the md5 binary is built-in also on pre-KK.
279 # Alternatively add tools/android/md5sum to prebuilts and use that one.
280 prebuilts_fetcher.GetIfChanged(local_path)
281 with open(local_path, 'rb') as f:
282 local_hash = hashlib.md5(f.read()).hexdigest()
283 device_md5_out = self.underlying_device.old_interface.RunShellCommand(
284 'md5 "%s"' % path_on_device)
285 if local_hash in device_md5_out:
287 self.underlying_device.old_interface.Adb().Push(local_path, path_on_device)
288 self.underlying_device.old_interface.RunShellCommand(
289 'chmod 755 "%s"' % path_on_device)
293 """Device name, as defined in the |backends.Device| interface."""
298 """Device id, as defined in the |backends.Device| interface."""
302 class AndroidProcess(backends.Process):
303 """Android-specific implementation of the core |Process| interface."""
305 def __init__(self, device, pid, name):
306 super(AndroidProcess, self).__init__(device, pid, name)
307 self._last_sys_stats = None
309 def DumpMemoryMaps(self):
310 """Grabs and parses memory maps through memdump."""
311 cmd = '%s %d' % (_MEMDUMP_PATH_ON_DEVICE, self.pid)
312 dump_out = self.device.underlying_device.old_interface.RunShellCommand(cmd)
313 return memdump_parser.Parse(dump_out)
315 def DumpNativeHeap(self):
316 """Grabs and parses malloc traces through am dumpheap -n."""
317 # TODO(primiano): grab also mmap bt (depends on pending framework change).
318 dump_file_path = _DUMPHEAP_OUT_FILE_PATH % self.pid
319 cmd = 'am dumpheap -n %d %s' % (self.pid, dump_file_path)
320 self.device.underlying_device.old_interface.RunShellCommand(cmd)
321 # TODO(primiano): Some pre-KK versions of Android might need a sleep here
322 # as, IIRC, 'am dumpheap' did not wait for the dump to be completed before
323 # returning. Double check this and either add a sleep or remove this TODO.
324 dump_out = self.device.underlying_device.old_interface.GetFileContents(
326 self.device.underlying_device.old_interface.RunShellCommand(
327 'rm %s' % dump_file_path)
328 return dumpheap_native_parser.Parse(dump_out)
331 """Calculate process CPU/VM stats (CPU stats are relative to last call)."""
332 # Process must retain its own copy of _last_sys_stats because CPU times
333 # are calculated relatively to the last GetStats() call (for the process).
334 cur_sys_stats = self.device.UpdateAndGetSystemStats()
335 old_sys_stats = self._last_sys_stats or cur_sys_stats
336 cur_proc_stats = cur_sys_stats['processes'].get(str(self.pid))
337 old_proc_stats = old_sys_stats['processes'].get(str(self.pid))
339 # The process might have gone in the meanwhile.
340 if (not cur_proc_stats or not old_proc_stats):
343 run_time = (((cur_sys_stats['time']['ticks'] -
344 cur_proc_stats['start_time']) / cur_sys_stats['time']['rate']))
345 ticks = max(1, cur_sys_stats['time']['ticks'] -
346 old_sys_stats['time']['ticks'])
348 ((cur_proc_stats['user_time'] + cur_proc_stats['sys_time']) -
349 (old_proc_stats['user_time'] + old_proc_stats['sys_time'])) /
350 ticks) / len(cur_sys_stats['cpu'])
351 proc_stats = backends.ProcessStats(
352 threads=cur_proc_stats['n_threads'],
355 vm_rss=cur_proc_stats['vm_rss'],
357 (cur_proc_stats['maj_faults'] + cur_proc_stats['min_faults']) -
358 (old_proc_stats['maj_faults'] + old_proc_stats['min_faults'])))
359 self._last_sys_stats = cur_sys_stats