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35 \class QWebSocketServer
37 \inmodule QtWebSockets
40 \brief Implements a WebSocket-based server.
42 It is modeled after QTcpServer, and behaves the same. So, if you know how to use QTcpServer,
43 you know how to use QWebSocketServer.
44 This class makes it possible to accept incoming WebSocket connections.
45 You can specify the port or have QWebSocketServer pick one automatically.
46 You can listen on a specific address or on all the machine's addresses.
47 Call listen() to have the server listen for incoming connections.
49 The newConnection() signal is then emitted each time a client connects to the server.
50 Call nextPendingConnection() to accept the pending connection as a connected QWebSocket.
51 The function returns a pointer to a QWebSocket in QAbstractSocket::ConnectedState that you can
52 use for communicating with the client.
54 If an error occurs, serverError() returns the type of error, and errorString() can be called
55 to get a human readable description of what happened.
57 When listening for connections, the address and port on which the server is listening are
58 available as serverAddress() and serverPort().
60 Calling close() makes QWebSocketServer stop listening for incoming connections.
62 QWebSocketServer currently does not support
63 \l {http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6455#page-39} {extensions} and
64 \l {http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6455#page-12} {subprotocols}.
66 \note When working with self-signed certificates, FireFox currently has a
67 \l {https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=594502} {bug} that prevents it to
68 connect to a secure WebSocket server. To work around this problem, first browse to the
69 secure WebSocket server using HTTPS. FireFox will indicate that the certificate is invalid.
70 From here on, the certificate can be added to the exceptions. After this, the secure WebSockets
71 connection should work.
73 QWebSocketServer only supports version 13 of the WebSocket protocol, as outlined in RFC 6455.
75 \sa {WebSocket Server Example}, QWebSocket
79 \page echoserver.html example
80 \title WebSocket server example
81 \brief A sample WebSocket server echoing back messages sent to it.
84 The echoserver example implements a WebSocket server that echoes back everything that is sent
87 We start by creating a QWebSocketServer (`new QWebSocketServer()`). After the creation, we listen
88 on all local network interfaces (`QHostAddress::Any`) on the specified \a port.
89 \snippet echoserver/echoserver.cpp constructor
90 If listening is successful, we connect the `newConnection()` signal to the slot
92 The `newConnection()` signal will be thrown whenever a new WebSocket client is connected to our
95 \snippet echoserver/echoserver.cpp onNewConnection
96 When a new connection is received, the client QWebSocket is retrieved (`nextPendingConnection()`),
97 and the signals we are interested in are connected to our slots
98 (`textMessageReceived()`, `binaryMessageReceived()` and `disconnected()`).
99 The client socket is remembered in a list, in case we would like to use it later
100 (in this example, nothing is done with it).
102 \snippet echoserver/echoserver.cpp processTextMessage
103 Whenever `processTextMessage()` is triggered, we retrieve the sender, and if valid, send back the
104 original message (`sendTextMessage()`).
105 The same is done with binary messages.
106 \snippet echoserver/echoserver.cpp processBinaryMessage
107 The only difference is that the message now is a QByteArray instead of a QString.
109 \snippet echoserver/echoserver.cpp socketDisconnected
110 Whenever a socket is disconnected, we remove it from the clients list and delete the socket.
111 Note: it is best to use `deleteLater()` to delete the socket.
115 \fn void QWebSocketServer::acceptError(QAbstractSocket::SocketError socketError)
116 This signal is emitted when the acceptance of a new connection results in an error.
117 The \a socketError parameter describes the type of error that occurred.
119 \sa pauseAccepting(), resumeAccepting()
123 \fn void QWebSocketServer::serverError(QWebSocketProtocol::CloseCode closeCode)
124 This signal is emitted when an error occurs during the setup of a WebSocket connection.
125 The \a closeCode parameter describes the type of error that occurred
131 \fn void QWebSocketServer::newConnection()
132 This signal is emitted every time a new connection is available.
134 \sa hasPendingConnections(), nextPendingConnection()
138 \fn void QWebSocketServer::closed()
139 This signal is emitted when the server closed its connection.
145 \fn void QWebSocketServer::originAuthenticationRequired(QWebSocketCorsAuthenticator *authenticator)
146 This signal is emitted when a new connection is requested.
147 The slot connected to this signal should indicate whether the origin
148 (which can be determined by the origin() call) is allowed in the \a authenticator object
149 (by issuing \l{QWebSocketCorsAuthenticator::}{setAllowed()}).
151 If no slot is connected to this signal, all origins will be accepted by default.
153 \note It is not possible to use a QueuedConnection to connect to
154 this signal, as the connection will always succeed.
158 \fn void QWebSocketServer::peerVerifyError(const QSslError &error)
160 QWebSocketServer can emit this signal several times during the SSL handshake,
161 before encryption has been established, to indicate that an error has
162 occurred while establishing the identity of the peer. The \a error is
163 usually an indication that QWebSocketServer is unable to securely identify the
166 This signal provides you with an early indication when something is wrong.
167 By connecting to this signal, you can manually choose to tear down the
168 connection from inside the connected slot before the handshake has
169 completed. If no action is taken, QWebSocketServer will proceed to emitting
170 QWebSocketServer::sslErrors().
176 \fn void QWebSocketServer::sslErrors(const QList<QSslError> &errors)
178 QWebSocketServer emits this signal after the SSL handshake to indicate that one
179 or more errors have occurred while establishing the identity of the
180 peer. The errors are usually an indication that QWebSocketServer is unable to
181 securely identify the peer. Unless any action is taken, the connection
182 will be dropped after this signal has been emitted.
184 \a errors contains one or more errors that prevent QSslSocket from
185 verifying the identity of the peer.
187 \sa peerVerifyError()
191 \enum QWebSocketServer::SslMode
192 Indicates whether the server operates over wss (SecureMode) or ws (NonSecureMode)
194 \value SecureMode The server operates in secure mode (over wss)
195 \value NonSecureMode The server operates in non-secure mode (over ws)
198 #include "qwebsocketprotocol.h"
199 #include "qwebsocket.h"
200 #include "qwebsocketserver.h"
201 #include "qwebsocketserver_p.h"
203 #include <QtNetwork/QTcpServer>
204 #include <QtNetwork/QTcpSocket>
205 #include <QtNetwork/QNetworkProxy>
208 #include <QtNetwork/QSslConfiguration>
214 Constructs a new QWebSocketServer with the given \a serverName.
215 The \a serverName will be used in the HTTP handshake phase to identify the server.
216 It can be empty, in which case an empty server name will be sent to the client.
217 The \a secureMode parameter indicates whether the server operates over wss (\l{SecureMode})
218 or over ws (\l{NonSecureMode}).
220 \a parent is passed to the QObject constructor.
222 QWebSocketServer::QWebSocketServer(const QString &serverName, SslMode secureMode,
224 QObject(*(new QWebSocketServerPrivate(serverName,
226 (secureMode == SecureMode) ?
227 QWebSocketServerPrivate::SecureMode :
228 QWebSocketServerPrivate::NonSecureMode,
230 QWebSocketServerPrivate::NonSecureMode,
237 Q_D(QWebSocketServer);
242 Destroys the QWebSocketServer object. If the server is listening for connections,
243 the socket is automatically closed.
244 Any client \l{QWebSocket}s that are still queued are closed and deleted.
248 QWebSocketServer::~QWebSocketServer()
253 Closes the server. The server will no longer listen for incoming connections.
255 void QWebSocketServer::close()
257 Q_D(QWebSocketServer);
262 Returns a human readable description of the last error that occurred.
263 If no error occurred, an empty string is returned.
267 QString QWebSocketServer::errorString() const
269 Q_D(const QWebSocketServer);
270 return d->errorString();
274 Returns true if the server has pending connections; otherwise returns false.
276 \sa nextPendingConnection(), setMaxPendingConnections()
278 bool QWebSocketServer::hasPendingConnections() const
280 Q_D(const QWebSocketServer);
281 return d->hasPendingConnections();
285 Returns true if the server is currently listening for incoming connections;
286 otherwise returns false. If listening fails, error() will return the reason.
288 \sa listen(), error()
290 bool QWebSocketServer::isListening() const
292 Q_D(const QWebSocketServer);
293 return d->isListening();
297 Tells the server to listen for incoming connections on address \a address and port \a port.
298 If \a port is 0, a port is chosen automatically.
299 If \a address is QHostAddress::Any, the server will listen on all network interfaces.
301 Returns true on success; otherwise returns false.
305 bool QWebSocketServer::listen(const QHostAddress &address, quint16 port)
307 Q_D(QWebSocketServer);
308 return d->listen(address, port);
312 Returns the maximum number of pending accepted connections. The default is 30.
314 \sa setMaxPendingConnections(), hasPendingConnections()
316 int QWebSocketServer::maxPendingConnections() const
318 Q_D(const QWebSocketServer);
319 return d->maxPendingConnections();
323 Returns the next pending connection as a connected QWebSocket object.
324 QWebSocketServer does not take ownership of the returned QWebSocket object.
325 It is up to the caller to delete the object explicitly when it will no longer be used,
326 otherwise a memory leak will occur.
327 Q_NULLPTR is returned if this function is called when there are no pending connections.
329 Note: The returned QWebSocket object cannot be used from another thread.
331 \sa hasPendingConnections()
333 QWebSocket *QWebSocketServer::nextPendingConnection()
335 Q_D(QWebSocketServer);
336 return d->nextPendingConnection();
340 Pauses incoming new connections. Queued connections will remain in queue.
341 \sa resumeAccepting()
343 void QWebSocketServer::pauseAccepting()
345 Q_D(QWebSocketServer);
349 #ifndef QT_NO_NETWORKPROXY
351 Returns the network proxy for this server. By default QNetworkProxy::DefaultProxy is used.
355 QNetworkProxy QWebSocketServer::proxy() const
357 Q_D(const QWebSocketServer);
362 Sets the explicit network proxy for this server to \a networkProxy.
364 To disable the use of a proxy, use the QNetworkProxy::NoProxy proxy type:
367 server->setProxy(QNetworkProxy::NoProxy);
372 void QWebSocketServer::setProxy(const QNetworkProxy &networkProxy)
374 Q_D(QWebSocketServer);
375 d->setProxy(networkProxy);
381 Sets the SSL configuration for the QWebSocketServer to \a sslConfiguration.
382 This method has no effect if QWebSocketServer runs in non-secure mode
383 (QWebSocketServer::NonSecureMode).
385 \sa sslConfiguration(), SslMode
387 void QWebSocketServer::setSslConfiguration(const QSslConfiguration &sslConfiguration)
389 Q_D(QWebSocketServer);
390 d->setSslConfiguration(sslConfiguration);
394 Returns the SSL configuration used by the QWebSocketServer.
395 If the server is not running in secure mode (QWebSocketServer::SecureMode),
396 this method returns QSslConfiguration::defaultConfiguration().
398 \sa setSslConfiguration(), SslMode, QSslConfiguration::defaultConfiguration()
400 QSslConfiguration QWebSocketServer::sslConfiguration() const
402 Q_D(const QWebSocketServer);
403 return d->sslConfiguration();
408 Resumes accepting new connections.
411 void QWebSocketServer::resumeAccepting()
413 Q_D(QWebSocketServer);
414 d->resumeAccepting();
418 Sets the server name that will be used during the HTTP handshake phase to the given
420 The \a serverName can be empty, in which case an empty server name will be sent to the client.
421 Existing connected clients will not be notified of this change, only newly connecting clients
422 will see this new name.
424 void QWebSocketServer::setServerName(const QString &serverName)
426 Q_D(QWebSocketServer);
427 d->setServerName(serverName);
431 Returns the server name that is used during the http handshake phase.
433 QString QWebSocketServer::serverName() const
435 Q_D(const QWebSocketServer);
436 return d->serverName();
440 Returns the server's address if the server is listening for connections; otherwise returns
443 \sa serverPort(), listen()
445 QHostAddress QWebSocketServer::serverAddress() const
447 Q_D(const QWebSocketServer);
448 return d->serverAddress();
452 Returns the secure mode the server is running in.
454 \sa QWebSocketServer(), SslMode
456 QWebSocketServer::SslMode QWebSocketServer::secureMode() const
459 Q_D(const QWebSocketServer);
460 return (d->secureMode() == QWebSocketServerPrivate::SecureMode) ?
461 QWebSocketServer::SecureMode : QWebSocketServer::NonSecureMode;
463 return QWebSocketServer::NonSecureMode;
468 Returns an error code for the last error that occurred.
469 If no error occurred, QWebSocketProtocol::CloseCodeNormal is returned.
473 QWebSocketProtocol::CloseCode QWebSocketServer::error() const
475 Q_D(const QWebSocketServer);
476 return d->serverError();
480 Returns the server's port if the server is listening for connections; otherwise returns 0.
482 \sa serverAddress(), listen()
484 quint16 QWebSocketServer::serverPort() const
486 Q_D(const QWebSocketServer);
487 return d->serverPort();
491 Returns a URL clients can use to connect to this server if the server is listening for connections.
492 Otherwise an invalid URL is returned.
494 \sa serverPort(), serverAddress(), listen()
496 QUrl QWebSocketServer::serverUrl() const
500 if (!isListening()) {
504 switch (secureMode()) {
506 url.setScheme(QStringLiteral("ws"));
510 url.setScheme(QStringLiteral("wss"));
515 url.setPort(serverPort());
517 if (serverAddress() == QHostAddress(QHostAddress::Any)) {
518 // NOTE: On Windows at least, clients cannot connect to QHostAddress::Any
519 // so in that case we always return LocalHost instead.
520 url.setHost(QHostAddress(QHostAddress::LocalHost).toString());
522 url.setHost(serverAddress().toString());
529 Sets the maximum number of pending accepted connections to \a numConnections.
530 WebSocketServer will accept no more than \a numConnections incoming connections before
531 nextPendingConnection() is called.
532 By default, the limit is 30 pending connections.
534 QWebSocketServer will emit the error() signal with
535 the QWebSocketProtocol::CloseCodeAbnormalDisconnection close code
536 when the maximum of connections has been reached.
537 The WebSocket handshake will fail and the socket will be closed.
539 \sa maxPendingConnections(), hasPendingConnections()
541 void QWebSocketServer::setMaxPendingConnections(int numConnections)
543 Q_D(QWebSocketServer);
544 d->setMaxPendingConnections(numConnections);
548 Sets the socket descriptor this server should use when listening for incoming connections to
551 Returns true if the socket is set successfully; otherwise returns false.
552 The socket is assumed to be in listening state.
554 \sa socketDescriptor(), isListening()
556 bool QWebSocketServer::setSocketDescriptor(int socketDescriptor)
558 Q_D(QWebSocketServer);
559 return d->setSocketDescriptor(socketDescriptor);
563 Returns the native socket descriptor the server uses to listen for incoming instructions,
564 or -1 if the server is not listening.
565 If the server is using QNetworkProxy, the returned descriptor may not be usable with
566 native socket functions.
568 \sa setSocketDescriptor(), isListening()
570 int QWebSocketServer::socketDescriptor() const
572 Q_D(const QWebSocketServer);
573 return d->socketDescriptor();
577 Returns a list of WebSocket versions that this server is supporting.
579 QList<QWebSocketProtocol::Version> QWebSocketServer::supportedVersions() const
581 Q_D(const QWebSocketServer);
582 return d->supportedVersions();