packaging: Add contrib installation
[platform/upstream/git.git] / git.c
diff --git a/git.c b/git.c
index 968a8a4..a00a0a4 100644 (file)
--- a/git.c
+++ b/git.c
 #include "builtin.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "exec-cmd.h"
 #include "help.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
+#include "alias.h"
+#include "shallow.h"
+
+#define RUN_SETUP              (1<<0)
+#define RUN_SETUP_GENTLY       (1<<1)
+#define USE_PAGER              (1<<2)
+/*
+ * require working tree to be present -- anything uses this needs
+ * RUN_SETUP for reading from the configuration file.
+ */
+#define NEED_WORK_TREE         (1<<3)
+#define SUPPORT_SUPER_PREFIX   (1<<4)
+#define DELAY_PAGER_CONFIG     (1<<5)
+#define NO_PARSEOPT            (1<<6) /* parse-options is not used */
+
+struct cmd_struct {
+       const char *cmd;
+       int (*fn)(int, const char **, const char *);
+       unsigned int option;
+};
 
 const char git_usage_string[] =
-       "git [--version] [--help] [-C <path>] [-c name=value]\n"
-       "           [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]\n"
-       "           [-p | --paginate | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare]\n"
-       "           [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]\n"
-       "           <command> [<args>]";
+       N_("git [--version] [--help] [-C <path>] [-c <name>=<value>]\n"
+          "           [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]\n"
+          "           [-p | --paginate | -P | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare]\n"
+          "           [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]\n"
+          "           <command> [<args>]");
 
 const char git_more_info_string[] =
        N_("'git help -a' and 'git help -g' list available subcommands and some\n"
           "concept guides. See 'git help <command>' or 'git help <concept>'\n"
-          "to read about a specific subcommand or concept.");
+          "to read about a specific subcommand or concept.\n"
+          "See 'git help git' for an overview of the system.");
 
 static int use_pager = -1;
-static char *orig_cwd;
-static const char *env_names[] = {
-       GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT,
-       GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT,
-       GIT_IMPLICIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT,
-       GIT_PREFIX_ENVIRONMENT
-};
-static char *orig_env[4];
-static int save_restore_env_balance;
 
-static void save_env_before_alias(void)
+static void list_builtins(struct string_list *list, unsigned int exclude_option);
+
+static void exclude_helpers_from_list(struct string_list *list)
 {
-       int i;
+       int i = 0;
 
-       assert(save_restore_env_balance == 0);
-       save_restore_env_balance = 1;
-       orig_cwd = xgetcwd();
-       for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(env_names); i++) {
-               orig_env[i] = getenv(env_names[i]);
-               if (orig_env[i])
-                       orig_env[i] = xstrdup(orig_env[i]);
+       while (i < list->nr) {
+               if (strstr(list->items[i].string, "--"))
+                       unsorted_string_list_delete_item(list, i, 0);
+               else
+                       i++;
        }
 }
 
-static void restore_env(int external_alias)
+static int match_token(const char *spec, int len, const char *token)
+{
+       int token_len = strlen(token);
+
+       return len == token_len && !strncmp(spec, token, token_len);
+}
+
+static int list_cmds(const char *spec)
 {
+       struct string_list list = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
        int i;
+       int nongit;
 
-       assert(save_restore_env_balance == 1);
-       save_restore_env_balance = 0;
-       if (!external_alias && orig_cwd && chdir(orig_cwd))
-               die_errno("could not move to %s", orig_cwd);
-       free(orig_cwd);
-       for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(env_names); i++) {
-               if (external_alias &&
-                   !strcmp(env_names[i], GIT_PREFIX_ENVIRONMENT))
-                       continue;
-               if (orig_env[i]) {
-                       setenv(env_names[i], orig_env[i], 1);
-                       free(orig_env[i]);
-               } else {
-                       unsetenv(env_names[i]);
+       /*
+       * Set up the repository so we can pick up any repo-level config (like
+       * completion.commands).
+       */
+       setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit);
+
+       while (*spec) {
+               const char *sep = strchrnul(spec, ',');
+               int len = sep - spec;
+
+               if (match_token(spec, len, "builtins"))
+                       list_builtins(&list, 0);
+               else if (match_token(spec, len, "main"))
+                       list_all_main_cmds(&list);
+               else if (match_token(spec, len, "others"))
+                       list_all_other_cmds(&list);
+               else if (match_token(spec, len, "nohelpers"))
+                       exclude_helpers_from_list(&list);
+               else if (match_token(spec, len, "alias"))
+                       list_aliases(&list);
+               else if (match_token(spec, len, "config"))
+                       list_cmds_by_config(&list);
+               else if (len > 5 && !strncmp(spec, "list-", 5)) {
+                       struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+                       strbuf_add(&sb, spec + 5, len - 5);
+                       list_cmds_by_category(&list, sb.buf);
+                       strbuf_release(&sb);
                }
+               else
+                       die(_("unsupported command listing type '%s'"), spec);
+               spec += len;
+               if (*spec == ',')
+                       spec++;
        }
+       for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++)
+               puts(list.items[i].string);
+       string_list_clear(&list, 0);
+       return 0;
 }
 
-static void commit_pager_choice(void) {
+static void commit_pager_choice(void)
+{
        switch (use_pager) {
        case 0:
                setenv("GIT_PAGER", "cat", 1);
@@ -75,6 +121,16 @@ static void commit_pager_choice(void) {
        }
 }
 
+void setup_auto_pager(const char *cmd, int def)
+{
+       if (use_pager != -1 || pager_in_use())
+               return;
+       use_pager = check_pager_config(cmd);
+       if (use_pager == -1)
+               use_pager = def;
+       commit_pager_choice();
+}
+
 static int handle_options(const char ***argv, int *argc, int *envchanged)
 {
        const char **orig_argv = *argv;
@@ -97,34 +153,38 @@ static int handle_options(const char ***argv, int *argc, int *envchanged)
                 */
                if (skip_prefix(cmd, "--exec-path", &cmd)) {
                        if (*cmd == '=')
-                               git_set_argv_exec_path(cmd + 1);
+                               git_set_exec_path(cmd + 1);
                        else {
                                puts(git_exec_path());
+                               trace2_cmd_name("_query_");
                                exit(0);
                        }
                } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--html-path")) {
                        puts(system_path(GIT_HTML_PATH));
+                       trace2_cmd_name("_query_");
                        exit(0);
                } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--man-path")) {
                        puts(system_path(GIT_MAN_PATH));
+                       trace2_cmd_name("_query_");
                        exit(0);
                } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--info-path")) {
                        puts(system_path(GIT_INFO_PATH));
+                       trace2_cmd_name("_query_");
                        exit(0);
                } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "-p") || !strcmp(cmd, "--paginate")) {
                        use_pager = 1;
-               } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--no-pager")) {
+               } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "-P") || !strcmp(cmd, "--no-pager")) {
                        use_pager = 0;
                        if (envchanged)
                                *envchanged = 1;
                } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--no-replace-objects")) {
-                       check_replace_refs = 0;
+                       read_replace_refs = 0;
                        setenv(NO_REPLACE_OBJECTS_ENVIRONMENT, "1", 1);
                        if (envchanged)
                                *envchanged = 1;
                } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--git-dir")) {
                        if (*argc < 2) {
-                               fprintf(stderr, "No directory given for --git-dir.\n" );
+                               fprintf(stderr, _("no directory given for --git-dir\n" ));
                                usage(git_usage_string);
                        }
                        setenv(GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT, (*argv)[1], 1);
@@ -138,7 +198,7 @@ static int handle_options(const char ***argv, int *argc, int *envchanged)
                                *envchanged = 1;
                } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--namespace")) {
                        if (*argc < 2) {
-                               fprintf(stderr, "No namespace given for --namespace.\n" );
+                               fprintf(stderr, _("no namespace given for --namespace\n" ));
                                usage(git_usage_string);
                        }
                        setenv(GIT_NAMESPACE_ENVIRONMENT, (*argv)[1], 1);
@@ -152,7 +212,7 @@ static int handle_options(const char ***argv, int *argc, int *envchanged)
                                *envchanged = 1;
                } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--work-tree")) {
                        if (*argc < 2) {
-                               fprintf(stderr, "No directory given for --work-tree.\n" );
+                               fprintf(stderr, _("no directory given for --work-tree\n" ));
                                usage(git_usage_string);
                        }
                        setenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT, (*argv)[1], 1);
@@ -164,6 +224,20 @@ static int handle_options(const char ***argv, int *argc, int *envchanged)
                        setenv(GIT_WORK_TREE_ENVIRONMENT, cmd, 1);
                        if (envchanged)
                                *envchanged = 1;
+               } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--super-prefix")) {
+                       if (*argc < 2) {
+                               fprintf(stderr, _("no prefix given for --super-prefix\n" ));
+                               usage(git_usage_string);
+                       }
+                       setenv(GIT_SUPER_PREFIX_ENVIRONMENT, (*argv)[1], 1);
+                       if (envchanged)
+                               *envchanged = 1;
+                       (*argv)++;
+                       (*argc)--;
+               } else if (skip_prefix(cmd, "--super-prefix=", &cmd)) {
+                       setenv(GIT_SUPER_PREFIX_ENVIRONMENT, cmd, 1);
+                       if (envchanged)
+                               *envchanged = 1;
                } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--bare")) {
                        char *cwd = xgetcwd();
                        is_bare_repository_cfg = 1;
@@ -174,7 +248,7 @@ static int handle_options(const char ***argv, int *argc, int *envchanged)
                                *envchanged = 1;
                } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "-c")) {
                        if (*argc < 2) {
-                               fprintf(stderr, "-c expects a configuration string\n" );
+                               fprintf(stderr, _("-c expects a configuration string\n" ));
                                usage(git_usage_string);
                        }
                        git_config_push_parameter((*argv)[1]);
@@ -200,27 +274,45 @@ static int handle_options(const char ***argv, int *argc, int *envchanged)
                        setenv(GIT_ICASE_PATHSPECS_ENVIRONMENT, "1", 1);
                        if (envchanged)
                                *envchanged = 1;
+               } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--no-optional-locks")) {
+                       setenv(GIT_OPTIONAL_LOCKS_ENVIRONMENT, "0", 1);
+                       if (envchanged)
+                               *envchanged = 1;
                } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--shallow-file")) {
                        (*argv)++;
                        (*argc)--;
-                       set_alternate_shallow_file((*argv)[0], 1);
+                       set_alternate_shallow_file(the_repository, (*argv)[0], 1);
                        if (envchanged)
                                *envchanged = 1;
                } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "-C")) {
                        if (*argc < 2) {
-                               fprintf(stderr, "No directory given for -C.\n" );
+                               fprintf(stderr, _("no directory given for -C\n" ));
                                usage(git_usage_string);
                        }
                        if ((*argv)[1][0]) {
                                if (chdir((*argv)[1]))
-                                       die_errno("Cannot change to '%s'", (*argv)[1]);
+                                       die_errno("cannot change to '%s'", (*argv)[1]);
                                if (envchanged)
                                        *envchanged = 1;
                        }
                        (*argv)++;
                        (*argc)--;
+               } else if (skip_prefix(cmd, "--list-cmds=", &cmd)) {
+                       trace2_cmd_name("_query_");
+                       if (!strcmp(cmd, "parseopt")) {
+                               struct string_list list = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+                               int i;
+
+                               list_builtins(&list, NO_PARSEOPT);
+                               for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++)
+                                       printf("%s ", list.items[i].string);
+                               string_list_clear(&list, 0);
+                               exit(0);
+                       } else {
+                               exit(list_cmds(cmd));
+                       }
                } else {
-                       fprintf(stderr, "Unknown option: %s\n", cmd);
+                       fprintf(stderr, _("unknown option: %s\n"), cmd);
                        usage(git_usage_string);
                }
 
@@ -237,49 +329,58 @@ static int handle_alias(int *argcp, const char ***argv)
        const char **new_argv;
        const char *alias_command;
        char *alias_string;
-       int unused_nongit;
-
-       save_env_before_alias();
-       setup_git_directory_gently(&unused_nongit);
 
        alias_command = (*argv)[0];
        alias_string = alias_lookup(alias_command);
        if (alias_string) {
+               if (*argcp > 1 && !strcmp((*argv)[1], "-h"))
+                       fprintf_ln(stderr, _("'%s' is aliased to '%s'"),
+                                  alias_command, alias_string);
                if (alias_string[0] == '!') {
                        struct child_process child = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+                       int nongit_ok;
+
+                       /* Aliases expect GIT_PREFIX, GIT_DIR etc to be set */
+                       setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit_ok);
 
                        commit_pager_choice();
-                       restore_env(1);
 
                        child.use_shell = 1;
-                       argv_array_push(&child.args, alias_string + 1);
-                       argv_array_pushv(&child.args, (*argv) + 1);
+                       child.clean_on_exit = 1;
+                       child.wait_after_clean = 1;
+                       child.trace2_child_class = "shell_alias";
+                       strvec_push(&child.args, alias_string + 1);
+                       strvec_pushv(&child.args, (*argv) + 1);
+
+                       trace2_cmd_alias(alias_command, child.args.v);
+                       trace2_cmd_list_config();
+                       trace2_cmd_list_env_vars();
+                       trace2_cmd_name("_run_shell_alias_");
 
                        ret = run_command(&child);
                        if (ret >= 0)   /* normal exit */
                                exit(ret);
 
-                       die_errno("While expanding alias '%s': '%s'",
-                           alias_command, alias_string + 1);
+                       die_errno(_("while expanding alias '%s': '%s'"),
+                                 alias_command, alias_string + 1);
                }
                count = split_cmdline(alias_string, &new_argv);
                if (count < 0)
-                       die("Bad alias.%s string: %s", alias_command,
-                           split_cmdline_strerror(count));
+                       die(_("bad alias.%s string: %s"), alias_command,
+                           _(split_cmdline_strerror(count)));
                option_count = handle_options(&new_argv, &count, &envchanged);
                if (envchanged)
-                       die("alias '%s' changes environment variables\n"
-                                "You can use '!git' in the alias to do this.",
-                                alias_command);
-               memmove(new_argv - option_count, new_argv,
-                               count * sizeof(char *));
+                       die(_("alias '%s' changes environment variables.\n"
+                             "You can use '!git' in the alias to do this"),
+                           alias_command);
+               MOVE_ARRAY(new_argv - option_count, new_argv, count);
                new_argv -= option_count;
 
                if (count < 1)
-                       die("empty alias for %s", alias_command);
+                       die(_("empty alias for %s"), alias_command);
 
                if (!strcmp(alias_command, new_argv[0]))
-                       die("recursive alias: %s", alias_command);
+                       die(_("recursive alias: %s"), alias_command);
 
                trace_argv_printf(new_argv,
                                  "trace: alias expansion: %s =>",
@@ -287,7 +388,11 @@ static int handle_alias(int *argcp, const char ***argv)
 
                REALLOC_ARRAY(new_argv, count + *argcp);
                /* insert after command name */
-               memcpy(new_argv + count, *argv + 1, sizeof(char *) * *argcp);
+               COPY_ARRAY(new_argv + count, *argv + 1, *argcp);
+
+               trace2_cmd_alias(alias_command, new_argv);
+               trace2_cmd_list_config();
+               trace2_cmd_list_env_vars();
 
                *argv = new_argv;
                *argcp += count - 1;
@@ -295,28 +400,11 @@ static int handle_alias(int *argcp, const char ***argv)
                ret = 1;
        }
 
-       restore_env(0);
-
        errno = saved_errno;
 
        return ret;
 }
 
-#define RUN_SETUP              (1<<0)
-#define RUN_SETUP_GENTLY       (1<<1)
-#define USE_PAGER              (1<<2)
-/*
- * require working tree to be present -- anything uses this needs
- * RUN_SETUP for reading from the configuration file.
- */
-#define NEED_WORK_TREE         (1<<3)
-
-struct cmd_struct {
-       const char *cmd;
-       int (*fn)(int, const char **, const char *);
-       int option;
-};
-
 static int run_builtin(struct cmd_struct *p, int argc, const char **argv)
 {
        int status, help;
@@ -333,7 +421,8 @@ static int run_builtin(struct cmd_struct *p, int argc, const char **argv)
                        prefix = setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit_ok);
                }
 
-               if (use_pager == -1 && p->option & (RUN_SETUP | RUN_SETUP_GENTLY))
+               if (use_pager == -1 && p->option & (RUN_SETUP | RUN_SETUP_GENTLY) &&
+                   !(p->option & DELAY_PAGER_CONFIG))
                        use_pager = check_pager_config(p->cmd);
                if (use_pager == -1 && p->option & USE_PAGER)
                        use_pager = 1;
@@ -344,12 +433,23 @@ static int run_builtin(struct cmd_struct *p, int argc, const char **argv)
        }
        commit_pager_choice();
 
+       if (!help && get_super_prefix()) {
+               if (!(p->option & SUPPORT_SUPER_PREFIX))
+                       die(_("%s doesn't support --super-prefix"), p->cmd);
+       }
+
        if (!help && p->option & NEED_WORK_TREE)
                setup_work_tree();
 
        trace_argv_printf(argv, "trace: built-in: git");
+       trace2_cmd_name(p->cmd);
+       trace2_cmd_list_config();
+       trace2_cmd_list_env_vars();
 
+       validate_cache_entries(the_repository->index);
        status = p->fn(argc, argv, prefix);
+       validate_cache_entries(the_repository->index);
+
        if (status)
                return status;
 
@@ -362,29 +462,30 @@ static int run_builtin(struct cmd_struct *p, int argc, const char **argv)
 
        /* Check for ENOSPC and EIO errors.. */
        if (fflush(stdout))
-               die_errno("write failure on standard output");
+               die_errno(_("write failure on standard output"));
        if (ferror(stdout))
-               die("unknown write failure on standard output");
+               die(_("unknown write failure on standard output"));
        if (fclose(stdout))
-               die_errno("close failed on standard output");
+               die_errno(_("close failed on standard output"));
        return 0;
 }
 
 static struct cmd_struct commands[] = {
        { "add", cmd_add, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
        { "am", cmd_am, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
-       { "annotate", cmd_annotate, RUN_SETUP },
+       { "annotate", cmd_annotate, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
        { "apply", cmd_apply, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
-       { "archive", cmd_archive },
+       { "archive", cmd_archive, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
        { "bisect--helper", cmd_bisect__helper, RUN_SETUP },
        { "blame", cmd_blame, RUN_SETUP },
-       { "branch", cmd_branch, RUN_SETUP },
-       { "bundle", cmd_bundle, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
+       { "branch", cmd_branch, RUN_SETUP | DELAY_PAGER_CONFIG },
+       { "bugreport", cmd_bugreport, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
+       { "bundle", cmd_bundle, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY | NO_PARSEOPT },
        { "cat-file", cmd_cat_file, RUN_SETUP },
        { "check-attr", cmd_check_attr, RUN_SETUP },
        { "check-ignore", cmd_check_ignore, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
        { "check-mailmap", cmd_check_mailmap, RUN_SETUP },
-       { "check-ref-format", cmd_check_ref_format },
+       { "check-ref-format", cmd_check_ref_format, NO_PARSEOPT  },
        { "checkout", cmd_checkout, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
        { "checkout-index", cmd_checkout_index,
                RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE},
@@ -394,29 +495,37 @@ static struct cmd_struct commands[] = {
        { "clone", cmd_clone },
        { "column", cmd_column, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
        { "commit", cmd_commit, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
-       { "commit-tree", cmd_commit_tree, RUN_SETUP },
-       { "config", cmd_config, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
+       { "commit-graph", cmd_commit_graph, RUN_SETUP },
+       { "commit-tree", cmd_commit_tree, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
+       { "config", cmd_config, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY | DELAY_PAGER_CONFIG },
        { "count-objects", cmd_count_objects, RUN_SETUP },
-       { "credential", cmd_credential, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
+       { "credential", cmd_credential, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY | NO_PARSEOPT },
+       { "credential-cache", cmd_credential_cache },
+       { "credential-cache--daemon", cmd_credential_cache_daemon },
+       { "credential-store", cmd_credential_store },
        { "describe", cmd_describe, RUN_SETUP },
-       { "diff", cmd_diff },
-       { "diff-files", cmd_diff_files, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
-       { "diff-index", cmd_diff_index, RUN_SETUP },
-       { "diff-tree", cmd_diff_tree, RUN_SETUP },
+       { "diff", cmd_diff, NO_PARSEOPT },
+       { "diff-files", cmd_diff_files, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE | NO_PARSEOPT },
+       { "diff-index", cmd_diff_index, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
+       { "diff-tree", cmd_diff_tree, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
+       { "difftool", cmd_difftool, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
+       { "env--helper", cmd_env__helper },
        { "fast-export", cmd_fast_export, RUN_SETUP },
+       { "fast-import", cmd_fast_import, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
        { "fetch", cmd_fetch, RUN_SETUP },
-       { "fetch-pack", cmd_fetch_pack, RUN_SETUP },
+       { "fetch-pack", cmd_fetch_pack, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
        { "fmt-merge-msg", cmd_fmt_merge_msg, RUN_SETUP },
        { "for-each-ref", cmd_for_each_ref, RUN_SETUP },
+       { "for-each-repo", cmd_for_each_repo, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
        { "format-patch", cmd_format_patch, RUN_SETUP },
        { "fsck", cmd_fsck, RUN_SETUP },
        { "fsck-objects", cmd_fsck, RUN_SETUP },
        { "gc", cmd_gc, RUN_SETUP },
-       { "get-tar-commit-id", cmd_get_tar_commit_id },
+       { "get-tar-commit-id", cmd_get_tar_commit_id, NO_PARSEOPT },
        { "grep", cmd_grep, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
        { "hash-object", cmd_hash_object },
        { "help", cmd_help },
-       { "index-pack", cmd_index_pack, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
+       { "index-pack", cmd_index_pack, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY | NO_PARSEOPT },
        { "init", cmd_init_db },
        { "init-db", cmd_init_db },
        { "interpret-trailers", cmd_interpret_trailers, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
@@ -424,71 +533,82 @@ static struct cmd_struct commands[] = {
        { "ls-files", cmd_ls_files, RUN_SETUP },
        { "ls-remote", cmd_ls_remote, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
        { "ls-tree", cmd_ls_tree, RUN_SETUP },
-       { "mailinfo", cmd_mailinfo },
-       { "mailsplit", cmd_mailsplit },
+       { "mailinfo", cmd_mailinfo, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY | NO_PARSEOPT },
+       { "mailsplit", cmd_mailsplit, NO_PARSEOPT },
+       { "maintenance", cmd_maintenance, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
        { "merge", cmd_merge, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
        { "merge-base", cmd_merge_base, RUN_SETUP },
        { "merge-file", cmd_merge_file, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
-       { "merge-index", cmd_merge_index, RUN_SETUP },
-       { "merge-ours", cmd_merge_ours, RUN_SETUP },
-       { "merge-recursive", cmd_merge_recursive, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
-       { "merge-recursive-ours", cmd_merge_recursive, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
-       { "merge-recursive-theirs", cmd_merge_recursive, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
-       { "merge-subtree", cmd_merge_recursive, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
-       { "merge-tree", cmd_merge_tree, RUN_SETUP },
-       { "mktag", cmd_mktag, RUN_SETUP },
+       { "merge-index", cmd_merge_index, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
+       { "merge-ours", cmd_merge_ours, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
+       { "merge-recursive", cmd_merge_recursive, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE | NO_PARSEOPT },
+       { "merge-recursive-ours", cmd_merge_recursive, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE | NO_PARSEOPT },
+       { "merge-recursive-theirs", cmd_merge_recursive, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE | NO_PARSEOPT },
+       { "merge-subtree", cmd_merge_recursive, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE | NO_PARSEOPT },
+       { "merge-tree", cmd_merge_tree, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
+       { "mktag", cmd_mktag, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
        { "mktree", cmd_mktree, RUN_SETUP },
+       { "multi-pack-index", cmd_multi_pack_index, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
        { "mv", cmd_mv, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
        { "name-rev", cmd_name_rev, RUN_SETUP },
        { "notes", cmd_notes, RUN_SETUP },
        { "pack-objects", cmd_pack_objects, RUN_SETUP },
-       { "pack-redundant", cmd_pack_redundant, RUN_SETUP },
+       { "pack-redundant", cmd_pack_redundant, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
        { "pack-refs", cmd_pack_refs, RUN_SETUP },
-       { "patch-id", cmd_patch_id },
+       { "patch-id", cmd_patch_id, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY | NO_PARSEOPT },
        { "pickaxe", cmd_blame, RUN_SETUP },
        { "prune", cmd_prune, RUN_SETUP },
        { "prune-packed", cmd_prune_packed, RUN_SETUP },
        { "pull", cmd_pull, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
        { "push", cmd_push, RUN_SETUP },
-       { "read-tree", cmd_read_tree, RUN_SETUP },
+       { "range-diff", cmd_range_diff, RUN_SETUP | USE_PAGER },
+       { "read-tree", cmd_read_tree, RUN_SETUP | SUPPORT_SUPER_PREFIX},
+       { "rebase", cmd_rebase, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
+       { "rebase--interactive", cmd_rebase__interactive, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
        { "receive-pack", cmd_receive_pack },
        { "reflog", cmd_reflog, RUN_SETUP },
        { "remote", cmd_remote, RUN_SETUP },
-       { "remote-ext", cmd_remote_ext },
-       { "remote-fd", cmd_remote_fd },
+       { "remote-ext", cmd_remote_ext, NO_PARSEOPT },
+       { "remote-fd", cmd_remote_fd, NO_PARSEOPT },
        { "repack", cmd_repack, RUN_SETUP },
        { "replace", cmd_replace, RUN_SETUP },
        { "rerere", cmd_rerere, RUN_SETUP },
        { "reset", cmd_reset, RUN_SETUP },
-       { "rev-list", cmd_rev_list, RUN_SETUP },
-       { "rev-parse", cmd_rev_parse },
+       { "restore", cmd_restore, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
+       { "rev-list", cmd_rev_list, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
+       { "rev-parse", cmd_rev_parse, NO_PARSEOPT },
        { "revert", cmd_revert, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
        { "rm", cmd_rm, RUN_SETUP },
        { "send-pack", cmd_send_pack, RUN_SETUP },
        { "shortlog", cmd_shortlog, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY | USE_PAGER },
        { "show", cmd_show, RUN_SETUP },
        { "show-branch", cmd_show_branch, RUN_SETUP },
+       { "show-index", cmd_show_index, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
        { "show-ref", cmd_show_ref, RUN_SETUP },
+       { "sparse-checkout", cmd_sparse_checkout, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
        { "stage", cmd_add, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
+       { "stash", cmd_stash, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
        { "status", cmd_status, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
        { "stripspace", cmd_stripspace },
-       { "submodule--helper", cmd_submodule__helper, RUN_SETUP },
+       { "submodule--helper", cmd_submodule__helper, RUN_SETUP | SUPPORT_SUPER_PREFIX | NO_PARSEOPT },
+       { "switch", cmd_switch, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
        { "symbolic-ref", cmd_symbolic_ref, RUN_SETUP },
-       { "tag", cmd_tag, RUN_SETUP },
-       { "unpack-file", cmd_unpack_file, RUN_SETUP },
-       { "unpack-objects", cmd_unpack_objects, RUN_SETUP },
+       { "tag", cmd_tag, RUN_SETUP | DELAY_PAGER_CONFIG },
+       { "unpack-file", cmd_unpack_file, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
+       { "unpack-objects", cmd_unpack_objects, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
        { "update-index", cmd_update_index, RUN_SETUP },
        { "update-ref", cmd_update_ref, RUN_SETUP },
        { "update-server-info", cmd_update_server_info, RUN_SETUP },
-       { "upload-archive", cmd_upload_archive },
-       { "upload-archive--writer", cmd_upload_archive_writer },
-       { "var", cmd_var, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
+       { "upload-archive", cmd_upload_archive, NO_PARSEOPT },
+       { "upload-archive--writer", cmd_upload_archive_writer, NO_PARSEOPT },
+       { "upload-pack", cmd_upload_pack },
+       { "var", cmd_var, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY | NO_PARSEOPT },
        { "verify-commit", cmd_verify_commit, RUN_SETUP },
        { "verify-pack", cmd_verify_pack },
        { "verify-tag", cmd_verify_tag, RUN_SETUP },
        { "version", cmd_version },
        { "whatchanged", cmd_whatchanged, RUN_SETUP },
-       { "worktree", cmd_worktree, RUN_SETUP },
+       { "worktree", cmd_worktree, RUN_SETUP | NO_PARSEOPT },
        { "write-tree", cmd_write_tree, RUN_SETUP },
 };
 
@@ -508,6 +628,36 @@ int is_builtin(const char *s)
        return !!get_builtin(s);
 }
 
+static void list_builtins(struct string_list *out, unsigned int exclude_option)
+{
+       int i;
+       for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(commands); i++) {
+               if (exclude_option &&
+                   (commands[i].option & exclude_option))
+                       continue;
+               string_list_append(out, commands[i].cmd);
+       }
+}
+
+void load_builtin_commands(const char *prefix, struct cmdnames *cmds)
+{
+       const char *name;
+       int i;
+
+       /*
+        * Callers can ask for a subset of the commands based on a certain
+        * prefix, which is then dropped from the added names. The names in
+        * the `commands[]` array do not have the `git-` prefix, though,
+        * therefore we must expect the `prefix` to at least start with `git-`.
+        */
+       if (!skip_prefix(prefix, "git-", &prefix))
+               BUG("prefix '%s' must start with 'git-'", prefix);
+
+       for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(commands); i++)
+               if (skip_prefix(commands[i].cmd, prefix, &name))
+                       add_cmdname(cmds, name, strlen(name));
+}
+
 #ifdef STRIP_EXTENSION
 static void strip_extension(const char **argv)
 {
@@ -522,62 +672,87 @@ static void strip_extension(const char **argv)
 
 static void handle_builtin(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
+       struct strvec args = STRVEC_INIT;
        const char *cmd;
        struct cmd_struct *builtin;
 
        strip_extension(argv);
        cmd = argv[0];
 
-       /* Turn "git cmd --help" into "git help cmd" */
+       /* Turn "git cmd --help" into "git help --exclude-guides cmd" */
        if (argc > 1 && !strcmp(argv[1], "--help")) {
+               int i;
+
                argv[1] = argv[0];
                argv[0] = cmd = "help";
+
+               for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+                       strvec_push(&args, argv[i]);
+                       if (!i)
+                               strvec_push(&args, "--exclude-guides");
+               }
+
+               argc++;
+               argv = args.v;
        }
 
        builtin = get_builtin(cmd);
        if (builtin)
                exit(run_builtin(builtin, argc, argv));
+       strvec_clear(&args);
 }
 
 static void execv_dashed_external(const char **argv)
 {
-       struct strbuf cmd = STRBUF_INIT;
-       const char *tmp;
+       struct child_process cmd = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
        int status;
 
-       if (use_pager == -1)
+       if (get_super_prefix())
+               die(_("%s doesn't support --super-prefix"), argv[0]);
+
+       if (use_pager == -1 && !is_builtin(argv[0]))
                use_pager = check_pager_config(argv[0]);
        commit_pager_choice();
 
-       strbuf_addf(&cmd, "git-%s", argv[0]);
+       strvec_pushf(&cmd.args, "git-%s", argv[0]);
+       strvec_pushv(&cmd.args, argv + 1);
+       cmd.clean_on_exit = 1;
+       cmd.wait_after_clean = 1;
+       cmd.silent_exec_failure = 1;
+       cmd.trace2_child_class = "dashed";
+
+       trace2_cmd_name("_run_dashed_");
 
        /*
-        * argv[0] must be the git command, but the argv array
-        * belongs to the caller, and may be reused in
-        * subsequent loop iterations. Save argv[0] and
-        * restore it on error.
+        * The code in run_command() logs trace2 child_start/child_exit
+        * events, so we do not need to report exec/exec_result events here.
         */
-       tmp = argv[0];
-       argv[0] = cmd.buf;
+       trace_argv_printf(cmd.args.v, "trace: exec:");
 
-       trace_argv_printf(argv, "trace: exec:");
+       /*
+        * If we fail because the command is not found, it is
+        * OK to return. Otherwise, we just pass along the status code,
+        * or our usual generic code if we were not even able to exec
+        * the program.
+        */
+       status = run_command(&cmd);
 
        /*
-        * if we fail because the command is not found, it is
-        * OK to return. Otherwise, we just pass along the status code.
+        * If the child process ran and we are now going to exit, emit a
+        * generic string as our trace2 command verb to indicate that we
+        * launched a dashed command.
         */
-       status = run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_SILENT_EXEC_FAILURE | RUN_CLEAN_ON_EXIT);
-       if (status >= 0 || errno != ENOENT)
+       if (status >= 0)
                exit(status);
-
-       argv[0] = tmp;
-
-       strbuf_release(&cmd);
+       else if (errno != ENOENT)
+               exit(128);
 }
 
 static int run_argv(int *argcp, const char ***argv)
 {
        int done_alias = 0;
+       struct string_list cmd_list = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+       struct string_list_item *seen;
 
        while (1) {
                /*
@@ -591,65 +766,91 @@ static int run_argv(int *argcp, const char ***argv)
                 */
                if (!done_alias)
                        handle_builtin(*argcp, *argv);
+               else if (get_builtin(**argv)) {
+                       struct strvec args = STRVEC_INIT;
+                       int i;
+
+                       /*
+                        * The current process is committed to launching a
+                        * child process to run the command named in (**argv)
+                        * and exiting.  Log a generic string as the trace2
+                        * command verb to indicate this.  Note that the child
+                        * process will log the actual verb when it runs.
+                        */
+                       trace2_cmd_name("_run_git_alias_");
+
+                       if (get_super_prefix())
+                               die("%s doesn't support --super-prefix", **argv);
+
+                       commit_pager_choice();
+
+                       strvec_push(&args, "git");
+                       for (i = 0; i < *argcp; i++)
+                               strvec_push(&args, (*argv)[i]);
+
+                       trace_argv_printf(args.v, "trace: exec:");
+
+                       /*
+                        * if we fail because the command is not found, it is
+                        * OK to return. Otherwise, we just pass along the status code.
+                        */
+                       i = run_command_v_opt_tr2(args.v, RUN_SILENT_EXEC_FAILURE |
+                                                 RUN_CLEAN_ON_EXIT | RUN_WAIT_AFTER_CLEAN, "git_alias");
+                       if (i >= 0 || errno != ENOENT)
+                               exit(i);
+                       die("could not execute builtin %s", **argv);
+               }
 
                /* .. then try the external ones */
                execv_dashed_external(*argv);
 
-               /* It could be an alias -- this works around the insanity
+               seen = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&cmd_list, *argv[0]);
+               if (seen) {
+                       int i;
+                       struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+                       for (i = 0; i < cmd_list.nr; i++) {
+                               struct string_list_item *item = &cmd_list.items[i];
+
+                               strbuf_addf(&sb, "\n  %s", item->string);
+                               if (item == seen)
+                                       strbuf_addstr(&sb, " <==");
+                               else if (i == cmd_list.nr - 1)
+                                       strbuf_addstr(&sb, " ==>");
+                       }
+                       die(_("alias loop detected: expansion of '%s' does"
+                             " not terminate:%s"), cmd_list.items[0].string, sb.buf);
+               }
+
+               string_list_append(&cmd_list, *argv[0]);
+
+               /*
+                * It could be an alias -- this works around the insanity
                 * of overriding "git log" with "git show" by having
                 * alias.log = show
                 */
-               if (done_alias)
-                       break;
                if (!handle_alias(argcp, argv))
                        break;
                done_alias = 1;
        }
 
-       return done_alias;
-}
+       string_list_clear(&cmd_list, 0);
 
-/*
- * Many parts of Git have subprograms communicate via pipe, expect the
- * upstream of a pipe to die with SIGPIPE when the downstream of a
- * pipe does not need to read all that is written.  Some third-party
- * programs that ignore or block SIGPIPE for their own reason forget
- * to restore SIGPIPE handling to the default before spawning Git and
- * break this carefully orchestrated machinery.
- *
- * Restore the way SIGPIPE is handled to default, which is what we
- * expect.
- */
-static void restore_sigpipe_to_default(void)
-{
-       sigset_t unblock;
-
-       sigemptyset(&unblock);
-       sigaddset(&unblock, SIGPIPE);
-       sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, &unblock, NULL);
-       signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_DFL);
+       return done_alias;
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char **av)
+int cmd_main(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
-       const char **argv = (const char **) av;
        const char *cmd;
        int done_help = 0;
 
-       cmd = git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+       cmd = argv[0];
        if (!cmd)
                cmd = "git-help";
-
-       /*
-        * Always open file descriptors 0/1/2 to avoid clobbering files
-        * in die().  It also avoids messing up when the pipes are dup'ed
-        * onto stdin/stdout/stderr in the child processes we spawn.
-        */
-       sanitize_stdfds();
-
-       restore_sigpipe_to_default();
-
-       git_setup_gettext();
+       else {
+               const char *slash = find_last_dir_sep(cmd);
+               if (slash)
+                       cmd = slash + 1;
+       }
 
        trace_command_performance(argv);
 
@@ -666,7 +867,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **av)
        if (skip_prefix(cmd, "git-", &cmd)) {
                argv[0] = cmd;
                handle_builtin(argc, argv);
-               die("cannot handle %s as a builtin", cmd);
+               die(_("cannot handle %s as a builtin"), cmd);
        }
 
        /* Look for flags.. */
@@ -679,7 +880,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **av)
        } else {
                /* The user didn't specify a command; give them help */
                commit_pager_choice();
-               printf("usage: %s\n\n", git_usage_string);
+               printf(_("usage: %s\n\n"), git_usage_string);
                list_common_cmds_help();
                printf("\n%s\n", _(git_more_info_string));
                exit(1);
@@ -699,8 +900,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **av)
                if (errno != ENOENT)
                        break;
                if (was_alias) {
-                       fprintf(stderr, "Expansion of alias '%s' failed; "
-                               "'%s' is not a git command\n",
+                       fprintf(stderr, _("expansion of alias '%s' failed; "
+                                         "'%s' is not a git command\n"),
                                cmd, argv[0]);
                        exit(1);
                }
@@ -711,7 +912,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **av)
                        break;
        }
 
-       fprintf(stderr, "Failed to run command '%s': %s\n",
+       fprintf(stderr, _("failed to run command '%s': %s\n"),
                cmd, strerror(errno));
 
        return 1;