NAME
----
-git-rebase - Forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head
+git-rebase - Reapply commits on top of another base tip
SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
'git rebase' [-i | --interactive] [options] [--exec <cmd>] [--onto <newbase>]
- [<upstream>] [<branch>]
+ [<upstream> [<branch>]]
'git rebase' [-i | --interactive] [options] [--exec <cmd>] [--onto <newbase>]
--root [<branch>]
-'git rebase' --continue | --skip | --abort | --edit-todo
+'git rebase' --continue | --skip | --abort | --quit | --edit-todo
DESCRIPTION
-----------
it remains on the current branch.
If <upstream> is not specified, the upstream configured in
-branch.<name>.remote and branch.<name>.merge options will be used; see
-linkgit:git-config[1] for details. If you are currently not on any
-branch or if the current branch does not have a configured upstream,
-the rebase will abort.
+branch.<name>.remote and branch.<name>.merge options will be used (see
+linkgit:git-config[1] for details) and the `--fork-point` option is
+assumed. If you are currently not on any branch or if the current
+branch does not have a configured upstream, the rebase will abort.
All changes made by commits in the current branch but that are not
in <upstream> are saved to a temporary area. This is the same set
-of commits that would be shown by `git log <upstream>..HEAD` (or
-`git log HEAD`, if --root is specified).
+of commits that would be shown by `git log <upstream>..HEAD`; or by
+`git log 'fork_point'..HEAD`, if `--fork-point` is active (see the
+description on `--fork-point` below); or by `git log HEAD`, if the
+`--root` option is specified.
The current branch is reset to <upstream>, or <newbase> if the
--onto option was supplied. This has the exact same effect as
If the upstream branch already contains a change you have made (e.g.,
because you mailed a patch which was applied upstream), then that commit
will be skipped. For example, running `git rebase master` on the
-following history (in which A' and A introduce the same set of changes,
+following history (in which `A'` and `A` introduce the same set of changes,
but have different committer information):
------------
In case of conflict, 'git rebase' will stop at the first problematic commit
and leave conflict markers in the tree. You can use 'git diff' to locate
the markers (<<<<<<) and make edits to resolve the conflict. For each
-file you edit, you need to tell git that the conflict has been resolved,
+file you edit, you need to tell Git that the conflict has been resolved,
typically this would be done with
Whether to show a diffstat of what changed upstream since the last
rebase. False by default.
-rebase.autosquash::
- If set to true enable '--autosquash' option by default.
+rebase.autoSquash::
+ If set to true enable `--autosquash` option by default.
+
+rebase.autoStash::
+ If set to true enable `--autostash` option by default.
+
+rebase.missingCommitsCheck::
+ If set to "warn", print warnings about removed commits in
+ interactive mode. If set to "error", print the warnings and
+ stop the rebase. If set to "ignore", no checking is
+ done. "ignore" by default.
+
+rebase.instructionFormat::
+ Custom commit list format to use during an `--interactive` rebase.
OPTIONS
-------
will be reset to where it was when the rebase operation was
started.
+--quit::
+ Abort the rebase operation but HEAD is not reset back to the
+ original branch. The index and working tree are also left
+ unchanged as a result.
+
--keep-empty::
Keep the commits that do not change anything from its
parents in the result.
specified, `-s recursive`. Note the reversal of 'ours' and
'theirs' as noted above for the `-m` option.
+-S[<keyid>]::
+--gpg-sign[=<keyid>]::
+ GPG-sign commits. The `keyid` argument is optional and
+ defaults to the committer identity; if specified, it must be
+ stuck to the option without a space.
+
-q::
--quiet::
Be quiet. Implies --no-stat.
-f::
--force-rebase::
- Force the rebase even if the current branch is a descendant
- of the commit you are rebasing onto. Normally non-interactive rebase will
- exit with the message "Current branch is up to date" in such a
- situation.
- Incompatible with the --interactive option.
+ Force a rebase even if the current branch is up to date and
+ the command without `--force` would return without doing anything.
+
You may find this (or --no-ff with an interactive rebase) helpful after
reverting a topic branch merge, as this option recreates the topic branch with
fresh commits so it can be remerged successfully without needing to "revert
the reversion" (see the
-link:howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.txt[revert-a-faulty-merge How-To] for details).
+link:howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.html[revert-a-faulty-merge How-To] for details).
+
+--fork-point::
+--no-fork-point::
+ Use reflog to find a better common ancestor between <upstream>
+ and <branch> when calculating which commits have been
+ introduced by <branch>.
++
+When --fork-point is active, 'fork_point' will be used instead of
+<upstream> to calculate the set of commits to rebase, where
+'fork_point' is the result of `git merge-base --fork-point <upstream>
+<branch>` command (see linkgit:git-merge-base[1]). If 'fork_point'
+ends up being empty, the <upstream> will be used as a fallback.
++
+If either <upstream> or --root is given on the command line, then the
+default is `--no-fork-point`, otherwise the default is `--fork-point`.
--ignore-whitespace::
--whitespace=<option>::
of the rebased commits (see linkgit:git-am[1]).
Incompatible with the --interactive option.
+--signoff::
+ This flag is passed to 'git am' to sign off all the rebased
+ commits (see linkgit:git-am[1]). Incompatible with the
+ --interactive option.
+
-i::
--interactive::
Make a list of the commits which are about to be rebased. Let the
user edit that list before rebasing. This mode can also be used to
split commits (see SPLITTING COMMITS below).
++
+The commit list format can be changed by setting the configuration option
+rebase.instructionFormat. A customized instruction format will automatically
+have the long commit hash prepended to the format.
-p::
--preserve-merges::
- Instead of ignoring merges, try to recreate them.
+ Recreate merge commits instead of flattening the history by replaying
+ commits a merge commit introduces. Merge conflict resolutions or manual
+ amendments to merge commits are not preserved.
+
This uses the `--interactive` machinery internally, but combining it
with the `--interactive` option explicitly is generally not a good
final history. <cmd> will be interpreted as one or more shell
commands.
+
-This option can only be used with the `--interactive` option
-(see INTERACTIVE MODE below).
-+
You may execute several commands by either using one instance of `--exec`
with several commands:
+
If `--autosquash` is used, "exec" lines will not be appended for
the intermediate commits, and will only appear at the end of each
squash/fixup series.
++
+This uses the `--interactive` machinery internally, but it can be run
+without an explicit `--interactive`.
--root::
Rebase all commits reachable from <branch>, instead of
--autosquash::
--no-autosquash::
When the commit log message begins with "squash! ..." (or
- "fixup! ..."), and there is a commit whose title begins with
- the same ..., automatically modify the todo list of rebase -i
- so that the commit marked for squashing comes right after the
- commit to be modified, and change the action of the moved
- commit from `pick` to `squash` (or `fixup`).
+ "fixup! ..."), and there is already a commit in the todo list that
+ matches the same `...`, automatically modify the todo list of rebase
+ -i so that the commit marked for squashing comes right after the
+ commit to be modified, and change the action of the moved commit
+ from `pick` to `squash` (or `fixup`). A commit matches the `...` if
+ the commit subject matches, or if the `...` refers to the commit's
+ hash. As a fall-back, partial matches of the commit subject work,
+ too. The recommended way to create fixup/squash commits is by using
+ the `--fixup`/`--squash` options of linkgit:git-commit[1].
+
-This option is only valid when the '--interactive' option is used.
+This option is only valid when the `--interactive` option is used.
+
-If the '--autosquash' option is enabled by default using the
-configuration variable `rebase.autosquash`, this option can be
+If the `--autosquash` option is enabled by default using the
+configuration variable `rebase.autoSquash`, this option can be
used to override and disable this setting.
+--autostash::
+--no-autostash::
+ Automatically create a temporary stash entry before the operation
+ begins, and apply it after the operation ends. This means
+ that you can run rebase on a dirty worktree. However, use
+ with care: the final stash application after a successful
+ rebase might result in non-trivial conflicts.
+
--no-ff::
With --interactive, cherry-pick all rebased commits instead of
fast-forwarding over the unchanged ones. This ensures that the
You may find this helpful after reverting a topic branch merge, as this option
recreates the topic branch with fresh commits so it can be remerged
successfully without needing to "revert the reversion" (see the
-link:howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.txt[revert-a-faulty-merge How-To] for details).
+link:howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.html[revert-a-faulty-merge How-To] for details).
include::merge-strategies.txt[]
If you just want to edit the commit message for a commit, replace the
command "pick" with the command "reword".
+To drop a commit, replace the command "pick" with "drop", or just
+delete the matching line.
+
If you want to fold two or more commits into one, replace the command
"pick" for the second and subsequent commits with "squash" or "fixup".
If the commits had different authors, the folded commit will be
following:
------------
- o---o---o---o---o---o---o---o---o master
+ o---o---o---o---o---o---o---o master
\
o---o---o---o---o subsystem
\
projects / platform / upstream / git.git / blobdiff