-\"
+.\"
.\" MAN PAGE COMMENTS to
.\"
.\" Chet Ramey
.\" Case Western Reserve University
.\" chet@po.cwru.edu
.\"
-.\" Last Change: Sat Aug 27 13:28:44 EDT 2005
+.\" Last Change: Thu Sep 28 10:25:59 EDT 2006
.\"
.\" bash_builtins, strip all but Built-Ins section
.if \n(zZ=1 .ig zZ
.if \n(zY=1 .ig zY
-.TH BASH 1 "2005 Aug 27" "GNU Bash-3.1-beta1"
+.TH BASH 1 "2006 September 28" "GNU Bash-3.2"
.\"
.\" There's some problem with having a `@'
.\" in a tagged paragraph with the BSD man macros.
shells (\fBksh\fP and \fBcsh\fP).
.PP
.B Bash
-is intended to be a conformant implementation of the IEEE
-POSIX Shell and Tools specification (IEEE Working Group 1003\.2).
+is intended to be a conformant implementation of the
+Shell and Utilities portion of the IEEE POSIX specification
+(IEEE Standard 1003.1).
.B Bash
can be configured to be POSIX-conformant by default.
.SH OPTIONS
.TP
.B \-\-posix
Change the behavior of \fBbash\fP where the default operation differs
-from the POSIX 1003.2 standard to match the standard (\fIposix mode\fP).
+from the POSIX standard to match the standard (\fIposix mode\fP).
.TP
.B \-\-restricted
The shell becomes restricted (see
.B nocasematch
is enabled, the match is performed without regard to the case
of alphabetic characters.
-The return value is 0 if the string matches or does not match
-the pattern, respectively, and 1 otherwise.
+The return value is 0 if the string matches (\fB==\fP) or does not match
+(\fB!=\fP) the pattern, and 1 otherwise.
Any part of the pattern may be quoted to force it to be matched as a
string.
.if t .sp 0.5
as for pathname expansion (see
.B Pathname Expansion
below).
+The \fIword\fP is expanded using tilde
+expansion, parameter and variable expansion, arithmetic substitution,
+command substitution, process substitution and quote removal.
+Each \fIpattern\fP examined is expanded using tilde
+expansion, parameter and variable expansion, arithmetic substitution,
+command substitution, and process substitution.
If the shell option
.B nocasematch
is enabled, the match is performed without regard to the case
.B PARAMETERS
below).
.PP
-Words of the form \fB$\fP'\fIstring\fP' are treated specially. The
+Words of the form \fB$\fP\(aq\fIstring\fP\(aq are treated specially. The
word expands to \fIstring\fP, with backslash-escaped characters replaced
as specified by the ANSI C standard. Backslash escape sequences, if
present, are decoded as follows:
.B \e\e
backslash
.TP
-.B \e'
+.B \e\(aq
single quote
.TP
.B \e\fInnn\fP
.B COMP_WORDS
An array variable (see \fBArrays\fP below) consisting of the individual
words in the current command line.
+The words are split on shell metacharacters as the shell parser would
+separate them.
This variable is available only in shell functions invoked by the
programmable completion facilities (see \fBProgrammable Completion\fP
below).
.B HISTFILESIZE
The maximum number of lines contained in the history file. When this
variable is assigned a value, the history file is truncated, if
-necessary, to contain no more than that number of lines. The default
+necessary, by removing the oldest entries,
+to contain no more than that number of lines. The default
value is 500. The history file is also truncated to this size after
writing it when an interactive shell exits.
.TP
Example:
.RS
.PP
-\fBMAILPATH\fP='/var/mail/bfox?"You have mail":~/shell\-mail?"$_ has mail!"'
+\fBMAILPATH\fP=\(aq/var/mail/bfox?"You have mail":~/shell\-mail?"$_ has mail!"\(aq
.PP
.B Bash
supplies a default value for this variable, but the location of the user
included.
.IP
If this variable is not set, \fBbash\fP acts as if it had the
-value \fB$'\enreal\et%3lR\enuser\et%3lU\ensys\t%3lS'\fP.
+value \fB$\(aq\enreal\et%3lR\enuser\et%3lU\ensys\t%3lS\(aq\fP.
If the value is null, no timing information is displayed.
A trailing newline is added when the format string is displayed.
.TP
array in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list.
.TP
${\fIparameter\fP\fB/\fP\fIpattern\fP\fB/\fP\fIstring\fP}
-.PD 0
-.TP
-${\fIparameter\fP\fB//\fP\fIpattern\fP\fB/\fP\fIstring\fP}
-.PD
The \fIpattern\fP is expanded to produce a pattern just as in
pathname expansion.
\fIParameter\fP is expanded and the longest match of \fIpattern\fP
against its value is replaced with \fIstring\fP.
-In the first form, only the first match is replaced.
-The second form causes all matches of \fIpattern\fP to be
-replaced with \fIstring\fP.
+If \Ipattern\fP begins with \fB/\fP, all matches of \fIpattern\fP are
+replaced with \fIstring\fP. Normally only the first match is replaced.
If \fIpattern\fP begins with \fB#\fP, it must match at the beginning
of the expanded value of \fIparameter\fP.
If \fIpattern\fP begins with \fB%\fP, it must match at the end
.B IFS
is null, no word splitting occurs.
.PP
-Explicit null arguments (\^\f3"\^"\fP or \^\f3'\^'\fP\^) are retained.
+Explicit null arguments (\^\f3"\^"\fP or \^\f3\(aq\^\(aq\fP\^) are retained.
Unquoted implicit null arguments, resulting from the expansion of
parameters that have no values, are removed.
If a parameter with no value is expanded within double quotes, a
.BR ] ,
\fIcharacter classes\fP can be specified using the syntax
\fB[:\fP\fIclass\fP\fB:]\fP, where \fIclass\fP is one of the
-following classes defined in the POSIX.2 standard:
+following classes defined in the POSIX standard:
.PP
.RS
.B
After the preceding expansions, all unquoted occurrences of the
characters
.BR \e ,
-.BR ' ,
+.BR \(aq ,
and \^\f3"\fP\^ that did not result from one of the above
expansions are removed.
.SH REDIRECTION
option to the
.B export
builtin.
+A function definition may be deleted using the \fB\-f\fP option to
+the
+.B unset
+builtin.
Note that shell functions and variables with the same name may result
in multiple identically-named entries in the environment passed to the
shell's children.
.B \e"
literal "
.TP
-.B \e'
-literal '
+.B \e\(aq
+literal \(aq
.RE
.PD
.PP
Unquoted text is assumed to be a function name.
In the macro body, the backslash escapes described above are expanded.
Backslash will quote any other character in the macro text,
-including " and '.
+including " and \(aq.
.PP
.B Bash
allows the current readline key bindings to be displayed or modified
the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value \fInnn\fP
(zero to three octal digits)
.TP
-.B \e\fInnn\fP
-the eight-bit character whose value is the octal value \fInnn\fP
-(one to three octal digits)
-.TP
.B \ex\fIHH\fP
the eight-bit character whose value is the hexadecimal value \fIHH\fP
(one or two hex digits)
In addition to the standard \fIprintf\fP(1) formats, \fB%b\fP causes
\fBprintf\fP to expand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding
\fIargument\fP (except that \fB\ec\fP terminates output, backslashes in
-\fB\e'\fP, \fB\e"\fP, and \fB\e?\fP are not removed, and octal escapes
+\fB\e\(aq\fP, \fB\e"\fP, and \fB\e?\fP are not removed, and octal escapes
beginning with \fB\e0\fP may contain up to four digits),
and \fB%q\fP causes \fBprintf\fP to output the corresponding
\fIargument\fP in a format that can be reused as shell input.
Change the behavior of
.B bash
where the default operation differs
-from the POSIX 1003.2 standard to match the standard (\fIposix mode\fP).
+from the POSIX standard to match the standard (\fIposix mode\fP).
.TP 8
.B privileged
Same as
\fBPathname Expansion\fP are enabled.
.TP 8
.B extquote
-If set, \fB$\fP'\fIstring\fP' and \fB$\fP"\fIstring\fP" quoting is
+If set, \fB$\fP\(aq\fIstring\fP\(aq and \fB$\fP"\fIstring\fP" quoting is
performed within \fB${\fP\fIparameter\fP\fB}\fP expansions
enclosed in double quotes. This option is enabled by default.
.TP 8
is executed each time a shell function or a script executed with the
\fB.\fP or \fBsource\fP builtins finishes executing.
Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.
-Trapped signals are reset to their original values in a child
-process when it is created.
+Trapped signals that are not being ignored are reset to their original
+values in a child process when it is created.
The return status is false if any
.I sigspec
is invalid; otherwise
returns true if any of the arguments are found, false if
none are found.
.TP
-\fBulimit\fP [\fB\-SHacdflmnpstuv\fP [\fIlimit\fP]]
+\fBulimit\fP [\fB\-SHacdefilmnpqrstuvx\fP [\fIlimit\fP]]
Provides control over the resources available to the shell and to
processes started by it, on systems that allow such control.
The \fB\-H\fP and \fB\-S\fP options specify that the hard or soft limit is
.B \-d
The maximum size of a process's data segment
.TP
+.B \-e
+The maximum scheduling priority ("nice")
+.TP
.B \-f
-The maximum size of files created by the shell
+The maximum size of files written by the shell and its children
+.TP
+.B \-i
+The maximum number of pending signals
.TP
.B \-l
The maximum size that may be locked into memory
.B \-p
The pipe size in 512-byte blocks (this may not be set)
.TP
+.B \-q
+The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues
+.TP
+.B \-r
+The maximum real-time scheduling priority
+.TP
.B \-s
The maximum stack size
.TP
.TP
.B \-v
The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the shell
+.TP
+.B \-x
+The maximum number of file locks
.PD
.PP
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projects / platform / upstream / bash.git / blobdiff