From c36e9b625651d91621c34cd98beebb657f39c38d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Perl 5 Porters Date: Fri, 20 Sep 1996 15:08:33 +0100 Subject: [PATCH] perl 5.003_06: pod/perlmod.pod Date: Wed, 11 Sep 1996 11:55:18 -0500 From: "Daniel S. Lewart" Subject: POD spelling patches Date: Fri, 20 Sep 1996 15:08:33 +0100 (BST) From: "Joseph S. Myers" Subject: Pod typos, pod2man bugs, and miscellaneous installation comments Here is a patch for various typos and other defects in the Perl 5.003_05 pods, including the pods embedded in library modules. Date: Wed, 02 Oct 1996 16:52:08 -0400 From: Roderick Schertler Subject: documentation for $? in END Document the behavior with $? WRT END subroutines. --- pod/perlmod.pod | 45 +++++++++++++++++++++++++-------------------- 1 file changed, 25 insertions(+), 20 deletions(-) diff --git a/pod/perlmod.pod b/pod/perlmod.pod index 9a1f222174..731b25e67c 100644 --- a/pod/perlmod.pod +++ b/pod/perlmod.pod @@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ thing. On return, the reference wil overwrite the hash slot in the symbol table specified by the *some_hash typeglob. This -is a somewhat tricky way of passing around refernces cheaply +is a somewhat tricky way of passing around references cheaply when you won't want to have to remember to dereference variables explicitly. @@ -176,6 +176,11 @@ signal--you have to trap that yourself (if you can).) You may have multiple C blocks within a file--they will execute in reverse order of definition; that is: last in, first out (LIFO). +Inside an C subroutine C<$?> contains the value that the script is +going to pass to C. You can modify C<$?> to change the exit +value of the script. Beware of changing C<$?> by accident (eg, by +running something via C). + Note that when you use the B<-n> and B<-p> switches to Perl, C and C work just as they do in B, as a degenerate case. @@ -411,7 +416,7 @@ Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code =item English -use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation variables +use nice English (or B) names for ugly punctuation variables =item Env @@ -419,7 +424,7 @@ perl module that imports environment variables =item Exporter -provide inport/export controls for Perl modules +provide import/export controls for Perl modules =item ExtUtils::Liblist @@ -511,7 +516,7 @@ run perl standard test scripts with statistics =item Text::Abbrev -rceate an abbreviation table from a list +create an abbreviation table from a list =back @@ -541,7 +546,7 @@ disposition. CPAN stands for the Comprehensive Perl Archive Network. This is a globally replicated collection of all known Perl materials, including hundreds -of unbunded modules. Here are the major categories of modules: +of unbundled modules. Here are the major categories of modules: =over @@ -750,13 +755,13 @@ Pass arrays as references so more parameters can be added later appropriate. Split large methods into smaller more flexible ones. Inherit methods from other modules if appropriate. -Avoid class name tests like: die "Invalid" unless ref $ref eq 'FOO'. -Generally you can delete the "eq 'FOO'" part with no harm at all. +Avoid class name tests like: C. +Generally you can delete the "C" part with no harm at all. Let the objects look after themselves! Generally, avoid hardwired class names as far as possible. -Avoid $r-EClass::func() where using @ISA=qw(... Class ...) and -$r-Efunc() would work (see perlbot man page for more details). +Avoid C<$r-EClass::func()> where using C<@ISA=qw(... Class ...)> and +C<$r-Efunc()> would work (see L for more details). Use autosplit so little used or newly added functions won't be a burden to programs which don't use them. Add test functions to @@ -765,18 +770,18 @@ the module after __END__ either using AutoSplit or by saying: eval join('',) || die $@ unless caller(); Does your module pass the 'empty sub-class' test? If you say -"@SUBCLASS::ISA = qw(YOURCLASS);" your applications should be able +"C<@SUBCLASS::ISA = qw(YOURCLASS);>" your applications should be able to use SUBCLASS in exactly the same way as YOURCLASS. For example, -does your application still work if you change: $obj = new YOURCLASS; -into: $obj = new SUBCLASS; ? +does your application still work if you change: C<$obj = new YOURCLASS;> +into: C<$obj = new SUBCLASS;> ? Avoid keeping any state information in your packages. It makes it difficult for multiple other packages to use yours. Keep state information in objects. -Always use C<-w>. Try to C (or C). +Always use B<-w>. Try to C (or C). Remember that you can add C to individual blocks -of code which need less strictness. Always use C<-w>. Always use C<-w>! +of code which need less strictness. Always use B<-w>. Always use B<-w>! Follow the guidelines in the perlstyle(1) manual. =item Some simple style guidelines @@ -806,7 +811,7 @@ or nature of a variable. For example: $no_caps_here function scope my() or local() variables Function and method names seem to work best as all lowercase. -E.g., $obj-Eas_string(). +E.g., C<$obj-Eas_string()>. You can use a leading underscore to indicate that a variable or function should not be used outside the package that defined it. @@ -822,12 +827,12 @@ export try to use @EXPORT_OK in preference to @EXPORT and avoid short or common names to reduce the risk of name clashes. Generally anything not exported is still accessible from outside the -module using the ModuleName::item_name (or $blessed_ref-Emethod) +module using the ModuleName::item_name (or C<$blessed_ref-Emethod>) syntax. By convention you can use a leading underscore on names to informally indicate that they are 'internal' and not for public use. (It is actually possible to get private functions by saying: -my $subref = sub { ... }; &$subref; But there's no way to call that +C. But there's no way to call that directly as a method, since a method must have a name in the symbol table.) @@ -922,11 +927,11 @@ Copying, ToDo etc. =item Adding a Copyright Notice. -How you choose to licence your work is a personal decision. +How you choose to license your work is a personal decision. The general mechanism is to assert your Copyright and then make a declaration of how others may copy/use/modify your work. -Perl, for example, is supplied with two types of licence: The GNU +Perl, for example, is supplied with two types of license: The GNU GPL and The Artistic License (see the files README, Copying and Artistic). Larry has good reasons for NOT just using the GNU GPL. @@ -947,7 +952,7 @@ To be fully compatible with the Exporter and MakeMaker modules you should store your module's version number in a non-my package variable called $VERSION. This should be a valid floating point number with at least two digits after the decimal (ie hundredths, -e.g, $VERSION = "0.01"). Don't use a "1.3.2" style version. +e.g, C<$VERSION = "0.01">). Don't use a "1.3.2" style version. See Exporter.pm in Perl5.001m or later for details. It may be handy to add a function or method to retrieve the number. -- 2.34.1