From 8f17febb34ceb464e3ff99e9436d0ae3f47b4862 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Kuan-Ying Lee Date: Sun, 29 Jan 2023 10:14:35 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] kasan: infer allocation size by scanning metadata Make KASAN scan metadata to infer the requested allocation size instead of printing cache->object_size. This patch fixes confusing slab-out-of-bounds reports as reported in: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=216457 As an example of the confusing behavior, the report below hints that the allocation size was 192, while the kernel actually called kmalloc(184): ================================================================== BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in _find_next_bit+0x143/0x160 lib/find_bit.c:109 Read of size 8 at addr ffff8880175766b8 by task kworker/1:1/26 ... The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff888017576600 which belongs to the cache kmalloc-192 of size 192 The buggy address is located 184 bytes inside of 192-byte region [ffff888017576600, ffff8880175766c0) ... Memory state around the buggy address: ffff888017576580: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc ffff888017576600: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 >ffff888017576680: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc ^ ffff888017576700: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc ffff888017576780: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc ================================================================== With this patch, the report shows: ================================================================== ... The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff888017576600 which belongs to the cache kmalloc-192 of size 192 The buggy address is located 0 bytes to the right of allocated 184-byte region [ffff888017576600, ffff8880175766b8) ... ================================================================== Also report slab use-after-free bugs as "slab-use-after-free" and print "freed" instead of "allocated" in the report when describing the accessed memory region. Also improve the metadata-related comment in kasan_find_first_bad_addr and use addr_has_metadata across KASAN code instead of open-coding KASAN_SHADOW_START checks. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix printk warning] Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=216457 Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230129021437.18812-1-Kuan-Ying.Lee@mediatek.com Signed-off-by: Kuan-Ying Lee Co-developed-by: Andrey Konovalov Cc: Alexander Potapenko Cc: Andrey Ryabinin Cc: Chinwen Chang Cc: Dmitry Vyukov Cc: Matthias Brugger Cc: Qun-Wei Lin Cc: Vincenzo Frascino Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton --- mm/kasan/generic.c | 4 +--- mm/kasan/kasan.h | 2 ++ mm/kasan/report.c | 41 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------- mm/kasan/report_generic.c | 32 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++- mm/kasan/report_hw_tags.c | 35 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++- mm/kasan/report_sw_tags.c | 26 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++ mm/kasan/report_tags.c | 2 +- mm/kasan/sw_tags.c | 6 ++---- 8 files changed, 127 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-) diff --git a/mm/kasan/generic.c b/mm/kasan/generic.c index b076f59..a37b5b5 100644 --- a/mm/kasan/generic.c +++ b/mm/kasan/generic.c @@ -172,10 +172,8 @@ static __always_inline bool check_region_inline(unsigned long addr, if (unlikely(addr + size < addr)) return !kasan_report(addr, size, write, ret_ip); - if (unlikely((void *)addr < - kasan_shadow_to_mem((void *)KASAN_SHADOW_START))) { + if (unlikely(!addr_has_metadata((void *)addr))) return !kasan_report(addr, size, write, ret_ip); - } if (likely(!memory_is_poisoned(addr, size))) return true; diff --git a/mm/kasan/kasan.h b/mm/kasan/kasan.h index 32413f2..308fb70 100644 --- a/mm/kasan/kasan.h +++ b/mm/kasan/kasan.h @@ -207,6 +207,7 @@ struct kasan_report_info { void *first_bad_addr; struct kmem_cache *cache; void *object; + size_t alloc_size; /* Filled in by the mode-specific reporting code. */ const char *bug_type; @@ -323,6 +324,7 @@ static inline bool addr_has_metadata(const void *addr) #endif /* CONFIG_KASAN_GENERIC || CONFIG_KASAN_SW_TAGS */ void *kasan_find_first_bad_addr(void *addr, size_t size); +size_t kasan_get_alloc_size(void *object, struct kmem_cache *cache); void kasan_complete_mode_report_info(struct kasan_report_info *info); void kasan_metadata_fetch_row(char *buffer, void *row); diff --git a/mm/kasan/report.c b/mm/kasan/report.c index 22598b2..89078f9 100644 --- a/mm/kasan/report.c +++ b/mm/kasan/report.c @@ -231,33 +231,46 @@ static inline struct page *addr_to_page(const void *addr) return NULL; } -static void describe_object_addr(const void *addr, struct kmem_cache *cache, - void *object) +static void describe_object_addr(const void *addr, struct kasan_report_info *info) { unsigned long access_addr = (unsigned long)addr; - unsigned long object_addr = (unsigned long)object; - const char *rel_type; + unsigned long object_addr = (unsigned long)info->object; + const char *rel_type, *region_state = ""; int rel_bytes; pr_err("The buggy address belongs to the object at %px\n" " which belongs to the cache %s of size %d\n", - object, cache->name, cache->object_size); + info->object, info->cache->name, info->cache->object_size); if (access_addr < object_addr) { rel_type = "to the left"; rel_bytes = object_addr - access_addr; - } else if (access_addr >= object_addr + cache->object_size) { + } else if (access_addr >= object_addr + info->alloc_size) { rel_type = "to the right"; - rel_bytes = access_addr - (object_addr + cache->object_size); + rel_bytes = access_addr - (object_addr + info->alloc_size); } else { rel_type = "inside"; rel_bytes = access_addr - object_addr; } + /* + * Tag-Based modes use the stack ring to infer the bug type, but the + * memory region state description is generated based on the metadata. + * Thus, defining the region state as below can contradict the metadata. + * Fixing this requires further improvements, so only infer the state + * for the Generic mode. + */ + if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KASAN_GENERIC)) { + if (strcmp(info->bug_type, "slab-out-of-bounds") == 0) + region_state = "allocated "; + else if (strcmp(info->bug_type, "slab-use-after-free") == 0) + region_state = "freed "; + } + pr_err("The buggy address is located %d bytes %s of\n" - " %d-byte region [%px, %px)\n", - rel_bytes, rel_type, cache->object_size, (void *)object_addr, - (void *)(object_addr + cache->object_size)); + " %s%zu-byte region [%px, %px)\n", + rel_bytes, rel_type, region_state, info->alloc_size, + (void *)object_addr, (void *)(object_addr + info->alloc_size)); } static void describe_object_stacks(struct kasan_report_info *info) @@ -279,7 +292,7 @@ static void describe_object(const void *addr, struct kasan_report_info *info) { if (kasan_stack_collection_enabled()) describe_object_stacks(info); - describe_object_addr(addr, info->cache, info->object); + describe_object_addr(addr, info); } static inline bool kernel_or_module_addr(const void *addr) @@ -436,6 +449,12 @@ static void complete_report_info(struct kasan_report_info *info) if (slab) { info->cache = slab->slab_cache; info->object = nearest_obj(info->cache, slab, addr); + + /* Try to determine allocation size based on the metadata. */ + info->alloc_size = kasan_get_alloc_size(info->object, info->cache); + /* Fallback to the object size if failed. */ + if (!info->alloc_size) + info->alloc_size = info->cache->object_size; } else info->cache = info->object = NULL; diff --git a/mm/kasan/report_generic.c b/mm/kasan/report_generic.c index 043c94b..87d39bc 100644 --- a/mm/kasan/report_generic.c +++ b/mm/kasan/report_generic.c @@ -43,6 +43,34 @@ void *kasan_find_first_bad_addr(void *addr, size_t size) return p; } +size_t kasan_get_alloc_size(void *object, struct kmem_cache *cache) +{ + size_t size = 0; + u8 *shadow; + + /* + * Skip the addr_has_metadata check, as this function only operates on + * slab memory, which must have metadata. + */ + + /* + * The loop below returns 0 for freed objects, for which KASAN cannot + * calculate the allocation size based on the metadata. + */ + shadow = (u8 *)kasan_mem_to_shadow(object); + while (size < cache->object_size) { + if (*shadow == 0) + size += KASAN_GRANULE_SIZE; + else if (*shadow >= 1 && *shadow <= KASAN_GRANULE_SIZE - 1) + return size + *shadow; + else + return size; + shadow++; + } + + return cache->object_size; +} + static const char *get_shadow_bug_type(struct kasan_report_info *info) { const char *bug_type = "unknown-crash"; @@ -79,9 +107,11 @@ static const char *get_shadow_bug_type(struct kasan_report_info *info) bug_type = "stack-out-of-bounds"; break; case KASAN_PAGE_FREE: + bug_type = "use-after-free"; + break; case KASAN_SLAB_FREE: case KASAN_SLAB_FREETRACK: - bug_type = "use-after-free"; + bug_type = "slab-use-after-free"; break; case KASAN_ALLOCA_LEFT: case KASAN_ALLOCA_RIGHT: diff --git a/mm/kasan/report_hw_tags.c b/mm/kasan/report_hw_tags.c index f3d3be6..32e80f78 100644 --- a/mm/kasan/report_hw_tags.c +++ b/mm/kasan/report_hw_tags.c @@ -17,10 +17,43 @@ void *kasan_find_first_bad_addr(void *addr, size_t size) { - /* Return the same value regardless of whether addr_has_metadata(). */ + /* + * Hardware Tag-Based KASAN only calls this function for normal memory + * accesses, and thus addr points precisely to the first bad address + * with an invalid (and present) memory tag. Therefore: + * 1. Return the address as is without walking memory tags. + * 2. Skip the addr_has_metadata check. + */ return kasan_reset_tag(addr); } +size_t kasan_get_alloc_size(void *object, struct kmem_cache *cache) +{ + size_t size = 0; + int i = 0; + u8 memory_tag; + + /* + * Skip the addr_has_metadata check, as this function only operates on + * slab memory, which must have metadata. + */ + + /* + * The loop below returns 0 for freed objects, for which KASAN cannot + * calculate the allocation size based on the metadata. + */ + while (size < cache->object_size) { + memory_tag = hw_get_mem_tag(object + i * KASAN_GRANULE_SIZE); + if (memory_tag != KASAN_TAG_INVALID) + size += KASAN_GRANULE_SIZE; + else + return size; + i++; + } + + return cache->object_size; +} + void kasan_metadata_fetch_row(char *buffer, void *row) { int i; diff --git a/mm/kasan/report_sw_tags.c b/mm/kasan/report_sw_tags.c index 7a26397..8b1f5a7 100644 --- a/mm/kasan/report_sw_tags.c +++ b/mm/kasan/report_sw_tags.c @@ -45,6 +45,32 @@ void *kasan_find_first_bad_addr(void *addr, size_t size) return p; } +size_t kasan_get_alloc_size(void *object, struct kmem_cache *cache) +{ + size_t size = 0; + u8 *shadow; + + /* + * Skip the addr_has_metadata check, as this function only operates on + * slab memory, which must have metadata. + */ + + /* + * The loop below returns 0 for freed objects, for which KASAN cannot + * calculate the allocation size based on the metadata. + */ + shadow = (u8 *)kasan_mem_to_shadow(object); + while (size < cache->object_size) { + if (*shadow != KASAN_TAG_INVALID) + size += KASAN_GRANULE_SIZE; + else + return size; + shadow++; + } + + return cache->object_size; +} + void kasan_metadata_fetch_row(char *buffer, void *row) { memcpy(buffer, kasan_mem_to_shadow(row), META_BYTES_PER_ROW); diff --git a/mm/kasan/report_tags.c b/mm/kasan/report_tags.c index ecede06..8b8bfdb 100644 --- a/mm/kasan/report_tags.c +++ b/mm/kasan/report_tags.c @@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ void kasan_complete_mode_report_info(struct kasan_report_info *info) * a use-after-free. */ if (!info->bug_type) - info->bug_type = "use-after-free"; + info->bug_type = "slab-use-after-free"; } else { /* Second alloc of the same object. Give up. */ if (alloc_found) diff --git a/mm/kasan/sw_tags.c b/mm/kasan/sw_tags.c index a3afaf2..30da65f 100644 --- a/mm/kasan/sw_tags.c +++ b/mm/kasan/sw_tags.c @@ -106,10 +106,8 @@ bool kasan_check_range(unsigned long addr, size_t size, bool write, return true; untagged_addr = kasan_reset_tag((const void *)addr); - if (unlikely(untagged_addr < - kasan_shadow_to_mem((void *)KASAN_SHADOW_START))) { + if (unlikely(!addr_has_metadata(untagged_addr))) return !kasan_report(addr, size, write, ret_ip); - } shadow_first = kasan_mem_to_shadow(untagged_addr); shadow_last = kasan_mem_to_shadow(untagged_addr + size - 1); for (shadow = shadow_first; shadow <= shadow_last; shadow++) { @@ -127,7 +125,7 @@ bool kasan_byte_accessible(const void *addr) void *untagged_addr = kasan_reset_tag(addr); u8 shadow_byte; - if (untagged_addr < kasan_shadow_to_mem((void *)KASAN_SHADOW_START)) + if (!addr_has_metadata(untagged_addr)) return false; shadow_byte = READ_ONCE(*(u8 *)kasan_mem_to_shadow(untagged_addr)); -- 2.7.4