Xin Zhong [Wed, 6 Apr 2011 07:33:51 +0000 (07:33 +0000)]
Btrfs: fix subvolume mount by name problem when default mount subvolume is set
We create two subvolumes (meego_root and meego_home) in
btrfs root directory. And set meego_root as default mount
subvolume. After we remount btrfs, meego_root is mounted
to top directory by default. Then when we try to mount
meego_home (subvol=meego_home) to a subdirectory, it failed.
The problem is when default mount subvolume is set to
meego_root, we search meego_home in meego_root but can not find
it. So the solution is to add a new mount option (subvolrootid)
to specify subvol id of root and search subvol name in it. For
our case, now we can use "-o subvolrootid=0,subvol=meego_home)
to mount meego_home.
Detail information can be found in meego bugzilla:
https://bugs.meego.com/show_bug.cgi?id=15055
Signed-off-by: Zhong, Xin <xin.zhong@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Daniel J Blueman [Mon, 11 Apr 2011 15:56:31 +0000 (15:56 +0000)]
fix user annotation in ioctl.c
Fix address space annotation correct in ioctl.c.
Signed-off-by: Daniel J Blueman <daniel.blueman@gmail.com>
BTRFS_BLOCK_GROUP_SYSTEM,
@@ -2387,7 +2387,7 @@ long btrfs_ioctl_space_info(struct btrfs_root
*root, void __user *arg)
up_read(&info->groups_sem);
}
- user_dest = (struct btrfs_ioctl_space_info *)
+ user_dest = (struct btrfs_ioctl_space_info __user *)
(arg + sizeof(struct btrfs_ioctl_space_args));
if (copy_to_user(user_dest, dest_orig, alloc_size))
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Josef Bacik [Fri, 8 Apr 2011 15:51:18 +0000 (15:51 +0000)]
Btrfs: check for duplicate iov_base's when doing dio reads
Apparently it is ok to submit a read to an IDE device with the same target page
for different offsets. This is what Windows does under qemu. The problem is
under DIO we expect them to be different buffers for checksumming reasons, and
so this sort of thing will result in checksum errors, when in reality the file
is fine. So when reading, check to make sure that all iov bases are different,
and if they aren't fall back to buffered mode, since that will work out right.
Thanks,
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Sergei Trofimovich [Mon, 11 Apr 2011 21:52:52 +0000 (21:52 +0000)]
btrfs: properly handle overlapping areas in memmove_extent_buffer
Fix data corruption caused by memcpy() usage on overlapping data.
I've observed it first when found out usermode linux crash on btrfs.
?all chain is the following:
------------[ cut here ]------------
WARNING: at /home/slyfox/linux-2.6/fs/btrfs/extent_io.c:3900 memcpy_extent_buffer+0x1a5/0x219()
Call Trace:
6fa39a58: [<
601b495e>] _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x18/0x1c
6fa39a68: [<
60029ad9>] warn_slowpath_common+0x59/0x70
6fa39aa8: [<
60029b05>] warn_slowpath_null+0x15/0x17
6fa39ab8: [<
600efc97>] memcpy_extent_buffer+0x1a5/0x219
6fa39b48: [<
600efd9f>] memmove_extent_buffer+0x94/0x208
6fa39bc8: [<
600becbf>] btrfs_del_items+0x214/0x473
6fa39c78: [<
600ce1b0>] btrfs_delete_one_dir_name+0x7c/0xda
6fa39cc8: [<
600dad6b>] __btrfs_unlink_inode+0xad/0x25d
6fa39d08: [<
600d7864>] btrfs_start_transaction+0xe/0x10
6fa39d48: [<
600dc9ff>] btrfs_unlink_inode+0x1b/0x3b
6fa39d78: [<
600e04bc>] btrfs_unlink+0x70/0xef
6fa39dc8: [<
6007f0d0>] vfs_unlink+0x58/0xa3
6fa39df8: [<
60080278>] do_unlinkat+0xd4/0x162
6fa39e48: [<
600517db>] call_rcu_sched+0xe/0x10
6fa39e58: [<
600452a8>] __put_cred+0x58/0x5a
6fa39e78: [<
6007446c>] sys_faccessat+0x154/0x166
6fa39ed8: [<
60080317>] sys_unlink+0x11/0x13
6fa39ee8: [<
60016b80>] handle_syscall+0x58/0x70
6fa39f08: [<
60021377>] userspace+0x2d4/0x381
6fa39fc8: [<
60014507>] fork_handler+0x62/0x69
---[ end trace
70b0ca2ef0266b93 ]---
http://www.mail-archive.com/linux-btrfs@vger.kernel.org/msg09302.html
Signed-off-by: Sergei Trofimovich <slyfox@gentoo.org>
Reviewed-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Yoshinori Sano [Sat, 9 Apr 2011 02:30:07 +0000 (02:30 +0000)]
Btrfs: fix memory leaks in btrfs_new_inode()
This patch fixes memory leaks in btrfs_new_inode().
Signed-off-by: Yoshinori Sano <yoshinori.sano@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Josef Bacik [Mon, 28 Mar 2011 13:43:25 +0000 (13:43 +0000)]
Btrfs: don't warn in btrfs_add_orphan
When I moved the orphan adding to btrfs_truncate I missed the fact that during
orphan cleanup we just add the orphan items to the orphan list without going
through btrfs_orphan_add, which results in lots of warnings on mount if you have
any orphan items that need to be truncated. Just remove this warning since it's
ok, this will allow all of the normal space accounting take place. Thanks,
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Josef Bacik [Fri, 1 Apr 2011 14:55:00 +0000 (14:55 +0000)]
Btrfs: fix free space cache when there are pinned extents and clusters V2
I noticed a huge problem with the free space cache that was presenting
as an early ENOSPC. Turns out when writing the free space cache out I
forgot to take into account pinned extents and more importantly
clusters. This would result in us leaking free space everytime we
unmounted the filesystem and remounted it.
I fix this by making sure to check and see if the current block group
has a cluster and writing out any entries that are in the cluster to the
cache, as well as writing any pinned extents we currently have to the
cache since those will be available for us to use the next time the fs
mounts.
This patch also adds a check to the end of load_free_space_cache to make
sure we got the right amount of free space cache, and if not make sure
to clear the cache and re-cache the old fashioned way.
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Li Zefan [Mon, 28 Mar 2011 02:01:25 +0000 (02:01 +0000)]
Btrfs: Fix uninitialized root flags for subvolumes
root_item->flags and root_item->byte_limit are not initialized when
a subvolume is created. This bug is not revealed until we added
readonly snapshot support - now you mount a btrfs filesystem and you
may find the subvolumes in it are readonly.
To work around this problem, we steal a bit from root_item->inode_item->flags,
and use it to indicate if those fields have been properly initialized.
When we read a tree root from disk, we check if the bit is set, and if
not we'll set the flag and initialize the two fields of the root item.
Reported-by: Andreas Philipp <philipp.andreas@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Tested-by: Andreas Philipp <philipp.andreas@gmail.com>
cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Miao Xie [Thu, 31 Mar 2011 09:43:23 +0000 (09:43 +0000)]
btrfs: clear __GFP_FS flag in the space cache inode
the object id of the space cache inode's key is allocated from the relative
root, just like the regular file. So we can't identify space cache inode by
checking the object id of the inode's key, and we have to clear __GFP_FS flag
at the time we look up the space cache inode.
Signed-off-by: Miao Xie <miaox@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Liu Bo <liubo2009@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Yoshinori Sano [Sun, 3 Apr 2011 12:31:28 +0000 (12:31 +0000)]
Btrfs: fix memory leak in start_transaction()
Free btrfs_trans_handle when join_transaction() fails
in start_transaction()
Signed-off-by: Yoshinori Sano <yoshinori.sano@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Tsutomu Itoh [Mon, 4 Apr 2011 01:52:13 +0000 (01:52 +0000)]
Btrfs: fix memory leak in btrfs_ioctl_start_sync()
Call btrfs_end_transaction() if btrfs_commit_transaction_async() fails.
Signed-off-by: Tsutomu Itoh <t-itoh@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Johann Lombardi [Thu, 31 Mar 2011 13:23:47 +0000 (13:23 +0000)]
Btrfs: fix subvol_sem leak in btrfs_rename()
btrfs_rename() does not release the subvol_sem if the transaction failed to start.
Signed-off-by: Johann Lombardi <johann@whamcloud.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Li Zefan [Mon, 28 Mar 2011 08:30:38 +0000 (08:30 +0000)]
Btrfs: Fix oops for defrag with compression turned on
When we defrag a file, whose size can be fit into an inline extent,
with compression enabled, the compress type is set to be
fs_info->compress_type, which is 0 if the btrfs filesystem is mounted
without compress option. This leads to oops.
Reported-by: Daniel Blueman <daniel.blueman@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Tsutomu Itoh [Thu, 31 Mar 2011 00:44:29 +0000 (00:44 +0000)]
Btrfs: fix /proc/mounts info.
Some mount options are not displayed by /proc/mounts.
This patch displays the option such as compress_type by /proc/mounts.
Ex.
[before]
$ mount | grep sdc2
/dev/sdc2 on /test12 type btrfs (rw,space_cache,compress=lzo)
$ cat /proc/mounts | grep sdc2
/dev/sdc2 /test12 btrfs rw,relatime,compress 0 0
[after]
$ mount | grep sdc2
/dev/sdc2 on /test12 type btrfs (rw,space_cache,compress=lzo)
$ cat /proc/mounts | grep sdc2
/dev/sdc2 /test12 btrfs rw,relatime,compress=lzo,space_cache 0 0
Signed-off-by: Tsutomu Itoh <t-itoh@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Tsutomu Itoh [Wed, 30 Mar 2011 00:57:23 +0000 (00:57 +0000)]
Btrfs: fix compiler warning in file.c
While compiling Btrfs, I got following messages:
CC [M] fs/btrfs/file.o
fs/btrfs/file.c: In function '__btrfs_buffered_write':
fs/btrfs/file.c:909: warning: 'ret' may be used uninitialized in this function
CC [M] fs/btrfs/tree-defrag.o
This patch fixes compiler warning.
Signed-off-by: Tsutomu Itoh <t-itoh@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Chris Mason [Mon, 28 Mar 2011 01:23:21 +0000 (21:23 -0400)]
Btrfs: fix __btrfs_map_block on 32 bit machines
Recent changes for discard support didn't compile,
this fixes them not to try and % 64 bit numbers.
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Miao Xie [Sun, 27 Mar 2011 08:07:36 +0000 (16:07 +0800)]
btrfs: fix possible deadlock by clearing __GFP_FS flag
Using the GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE flag to allocate the metadata's page may cause
deadlock.
Task1
open()
...
btrfs_search_slot()
...
btrfs_cow_block()
...
alloc_page()
wait for reclaiming
shrink_slab()
...
shrink_icache_memory()
...
btrfs_evict_inode()
...
btrfs_search_slot()
If the path is locked by task1, the deadlock happens.
So the btree's page cache is different with the file's page cache, it can not
allocate pages by GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE flag, we must clear __GFP_FS flag in
GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE flag.
Reported-by: Itaru Kitayama <kitayama@cl.bb4u.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Miao Xie <miaox@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Al Viro [Fri, 4 Mar 2011 17:15:18 +0000 (17:15 +0000)]
btrfs: check link counter overflow in link(2)
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Al Viro [Fri, 4 Mar 2011 17:14:37 +0000 (17:14 +0000)]
btrfs: don't mess with i_nlink of unlocked inode in rename()
old_inode is not locked; it's not safe to play with its link
count. Instead of bumping it and calling btrfs_unlink_inode(),
add a variant of the latter that does not do btrfs_drop_nlink()/
btrfs_update_inode(), call it instead of btrfs_inc_nlink()/
btrfs_unlink_inode() and do btrfs_update_inode() ourselves.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Tsutomu Itoh [Tue, 1 Mar 2011 06:48:31 +0000 (06:48 +0000)]
Btrfs: check return value of btrfs_alloc_path()
Adding the check on the return value of btrfs_alloc_path() to several places.
And, some of callers are modified by this change.
Signed-off-by: Tsutomu Itoh <t-itoh@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
liubo [Mon, 7 Mar 2011 02:13:14 +0000 (02:13 +0000)]
Btrfs: fix OOPS of empty filesystem after balance
btrfs will remove unused block groups after balance.
When a empty filesystem is balanced, the block group with tag "DATA" may be
dropped, and after umount and mount again, it will not find "DATA" space_info
and lead to OOPS.
So we initial the necessary space_infos(DATA, SYSTEM, METADATA) to avoid OOPS.
Reported-by: Daniel J Blueman <daniel.blueman@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Liu Bo <liubo2009@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
liubo [Mon, 7 Mar 2011 02:13:33 +0000 (02:13 +0000)]
Btrfs: fix memory leak of empty filesystem after balance
After Josef's patch(commit
3c14874acc71180553fb5aba528e3cf57c5b958b),
btrfs will exclude super bytes when reading block groups(by marking a extent
state UPTODATE). However, these bytes do not get freed while balance remove
unused block groups, and we won't process those removed ones any more, when
we do umount and unload the btrfs module, btrfs hits a memory leak.
This patch add the missing free operation.
Reproduce steps:
$ mkfs.btrfs disk
$ mount disk /mnt/btrfs -o loop
$ btrfs filesystem balance /mnt/btrfs
$ umount /mnt/btrfs
$ rmmod btrfs
Signed-off-by: Liu Bo <liubo2009@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
liubo [Thu, 24 Feb 2011 09:38:16 +0000 (09:38 +0000)]
Btrfs: fix return value of setflags ioctl
setflags ioctl should return error when any checks fail.
Signed-off-by: Liu Bo <liubo2009@cn.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Yoshinori Sano [Tue, 15 Feb 2011 12:01:42 +0000 (12:01 +0000)]
Btrfs: fix uncheck memory allocations
To make Btrfs code more robust, several return value checks where memory
allocation can fail are introduced. I use BUG_ON where I don't know how
to handle the error properly, which increases the number of using the
notorious BUG_ON, though.
Signed-off-by: Yoshinori Sano <yoshinori.sano@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
liubo [Sat, 26 Mar 2011 12:01:12 +0000 (08:01 -0400)]
btrfs: make inode ref log recovery faster
When we recover from crash via write-ahead log tree and process
the inode refs, for each btrfs_inode_ref item, we will
1) check if we already have a perfect match in fs/file tree, if
we have, then we're done.
2) search the corresponding back reference in fs/file tree, and
check all the names in this back reference to see if they are
also in the log to avoid conflict corners.
3) recover the logged inode refs to fs/file tree.
In current btrfs, however,
- for 2)'s check, once is enough, since the checked back reference
will remain unchanged after processing all the inode refs belonged
to the key.
- it has no need to do another 1) between 2) and 3).
I've made a small test to show how it improves,
$dd if=/dev/zero of=foobar bs=4K count=1
$sync
$make 100 hard links continuously, like ln foobar link_i
$fsync foobar
$echo b > /proc/sysrq-trigger
after reboot
$time mount DEV PATH
without patch:
real 0m0.285s
user 0m0.001s
sys 0m0.009s
with patch:
real 0m0.123s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.010s
Changelog v1->v2:
- fix double free - pointed by David Sterba
Changelog v2->v3:
- adjust free order
Signed-off-by: Liu Bo <liubo2009@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Li Dongyang [Thu, 24 Mar 2011 10:24:28 +0000 (10:24 +0000)]
Btrfs: add btrfs_trim_fs() to handle FITRIM
We take an free extent out from allocator, trim it, then put it back,
but before we trim the block group, we should make sure the block group is
cached, so plus a little change to make cache_block_group() run without a
transaction.
Signed-off-by: Li Dongyang <lidongyang@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Li Dongyang [Thu, 24 Mar 2011 10:24:27 +0000 (10:24 +0000)]
Btrfs: adjust btrfs_discard_extent() return errors and trimmed bytes
Callers of btrfs_discard_extent() should check if we are mounted with -o discard,
as we want to make fitrim to work even the fs is not mounted with -o discard.
Also we should use REQ_DISCARD to map the free extent to get a full mapping,
last we only return errors if
1. the error is not a EOPNOTSUPP
2. no device supports discard
Signed-off-by: Li Dongyang <lidongyang@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Li Dongyang [Thu, 24 Mar 2011 10:24:26 +0000 (10:24 +0000)]
Btrfs: make btrfs_map_block() return entire free extent for each device of RAID0/1/10/DUP
btrfs_map_block() will only return a single stripe length, but we want the
full extent be mapped to each disk when we are trimming the extent,
so we add length to btrfs_bio_stripe and fill it if we are mapping for REQ_DISCARD.
Signed-off-by: Li Dongyang <lidongyang@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Li Dongyang [Thu, 24 Mar 2011 10:24:25 +0000 (10:24 +0000)]
Btrfs: make update_reserved_bytes() public
Make the function public as we should update the reserved extents calculations
after taking out an extent for trimming.
Signed-off-by: Li Dongyang <lidongyang@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Mark Fasheh [Tue, 22 Mar 2011 17:20:26 +0000 (17:20 +0000)]
btrfs: return EXDEV when linking from different subvolumes
btrfs_link returns EPERM if a cross-subvolume link is attempted.
However, in this case I believe EXDEV to be the more appropriate value.
>From the link(2) man page:
EXDEV oldpath and newpath are not on the same mounted file system. (Linux
permits a file system to be mounted at multiple points, but link()
does not work across different mount points, even if the same file
system is mounted on both.)
This matters because an application may have different behaviors based on
return codes.
Signed-off-by: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Liu Bo [Tue, 22 Mar 2011 10:12:20 +0000 (10:12 +0000)]
Btrfs: Per file/directory controls for COW and compression
Data compression and data cow are controlled across the entire FS by mount
options right now. ioctls are needed to set this on a per file or per
directory basis. This has been proposed previously, but VFS developers
wanted us to use generic ioctls rather than btrfs-specific ones.
According to Chris's comment, there should be just one true compression
method(probably LZO) stored in the super. However, before this, we would
wait for that one method is stable enough to be adopted into the super.
So I list it as a long term goal, and just store it in ram today.
After applying this patch, we can use the generic "FS_IOC_SETFLAGS" ioctl to
control file and directory's datacow and compression attribute.
NOTE:
- The compression type is selected by such rules:
If we mount btrfs with compress options, ie, zlib/lzo, the type is it.
Otherwise, we'll use the default compress type (zlib today).
v1->v2:
- rebase to the latest btrfs.
v2->v3:
- fix a problem, i.e. when a file is set NOCOW via mount option, then this NOCOW
will be screwed by inheritance from parent directory.
Signed-off-by: Liu Bo <liubo2009@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
liubo [Mon, 21 Mar 2011 08:54:27 +0000 (08:54 +0000)]
Btrfs: add datacow flag in inode flag
For datacow control, the corresponding inode flags are needed.
This is for btrfs use.
v1->v2:
Change FS_COW_FL to another bit due to conflict with the upstream e2fsprogs
Signed-off-by: Liu Bo <liubo2009@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Miao Xie [Thu, 24 Mar 2011 11:41:21 +0000 (11:41 +0000)]
btrfs: use GFP_NOFS instead of GFP_KERNEL
In the filesystem context, we must allocate memory by GFP_NOFS,
or we may start another filesystem operation and make kswap thread hang up.
Signed-off-by: Miao Xie <miaox@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Tsutomu Itoh [Thu, 24 Mar 2011 06:33:21 +0000 (06:33 +0000)]
Btrfs: check return value of read_tree_block()
This patch is checking return value of read_tree_block(),
and if it is NULL, error processing.
Signed-off-by: Tsutomu Itoh <t-itoh@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
David Sterba [Fri, 18 Mar 2011 22:56:43 +0000 (22:56 +0000)]
btrfs: properly access unaligned checksum buffer
On Fri, Mar 18, 2011 at 11:56:53AM -0400, Chris Mason wrote:
> Thanks for fielding this one. Does put_unaligned_le32 optimize away on
> platforms with efficient access? It would be great if we didn't need
> the #ifdef.
(quicktest: assembly output is same for put_unaligned_le32 and direct
assignment on my x86_64)
I was originally following examples in
Documentation/unaligned-memory-access.txt. From other code it seems to me that
the define CONFIG_HAVE_EFFICIENT_UNALIGNED_ACCESS is intended for larger
portions of code. Macros/wrappers for {put,get}_unaligned* are chosen via
arch/<arch>/include/asm/unaligned.h accordingly, therefore it's safe to use
put_unaligned_le32 without the ifdef.
dave
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Tsutomu Itoh [Wed, 23 Mar 2011 08:14:16 +0000 (08:14 +0000)]
Btrfs: cleanup some BUG_ON()
This patch changes some BUG_ON() to the error return.
(but, most callers still use BUG_ON())
Signed-off-by: Tsutomu Itoh <t-itoh@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
liubo [Thu, 24 Mar 2011 11:18:59 +0000 (11:18 +0000)]
Btrfs: add initial tracepoint support for btrfs
Tracepoints can provide insight into why btrfs hits bugs and be greatly
helpful for debugging, e.g
dd-7822 [000] 2121.641088: btrfs_inode_request: root = 5(FS_TREE), gen = 4, ino = 256, blocks = 8, disk_i_size = 0, last_trans = 8, logged_trans = 0
dd-7822 [000] 2121.641100: btrfs_inode_new: root = 5(FS_TREE), gen = 8, ino = 257, blocks = 0, disk_i_size = 0, last_trans = 0, logged_trans = 0
btrfs-transacti-7804 [001] 2146.935420: btrfs_cow_block: root = 2(EXTENT_TREE), refs = 2, orig_buf =
29368320 (orig_level = 0), cow_buf =
29388800 (cow_level = 0)
btrfs-transacti-7804 [001] 2146.935473: btrfs_cow_block: root = 1(ROOT_TREE), refs = 2, orig_buf =
29364224 (orig_level = 0), cow_buf =
29392896 (cow_level = 0)
btrfs-transacti-7804 [001] 2146.972221: btrfs_transaction_commit: root = 1(ROOT_TREE), gen = 8
flush-btrfs-2-7821 [001] 2155.824210: btrfs_chunk_alloc: root = 3(CHUNK_TREE), offset =
1103101952, size =
1073741824, num_stripes = 1, sub_stripes = 0, type = DATA
flush-btrfs-2-7821 [001] 2155.824241: btrfs_cow_block: root = 2(EXTENT_TREE), refs = 2, orig_buf =
29388800 (orig_level = 0), cow_buf =
29396992 (cow_level = 0)
flush-btrfs-2-7821 [001] 2155.824255: btrfs_cow_block: root = 4(DEV_TREE), refs = 2, orig_buf =
29372416 (orig_level = 0), cow_buf =
29401088 (cow_level = 0)
flush-btrfs-2-7821 [000] 2155.824329: btrfs_cow_block: root = 3(CHUNK_TREE), refs = 2, orig_buf =
20971520 (orig_level = 0), cow_buf =
20975616 (cow_level = 0)
btrfs-endio-wri-7800 [001] 2155.898019: btrfs_cow_block: root = 5(FS_TREE), refs = 2, orig_buf =
29384704 (orig_level = 0), cow_buf =
29405184 (cow_level = 0)
btrfs-endio-wri-7800 [001] 2155.898043: btrfs_cow_block: root = 7(CSUM_TREE), refs = 2, orig_buf =
29376512 (orig_level = 0), cow_buf =
29409280 (cow_level = 0)
Here is what I have added:
1) ordere_extent:
btrfs_ordered_extent_add
btrfs_ordered_extent_remove
btrfs_ordered_extent_start
btrfs_ordered_extent_put
These provide critical information to understand how ordered_extents are
updated.
2) extent_map:
btrfs_get_extent
extent_map is used in both read and write cases, and it is useful for tracking
how btrfs specific IO is running.
3) writepage:
__extent_writepage
btrfs_writepage_end_io_hook
Pages are cirtical resourses and produce a lot of corner cases during writeback,
so it is valuable to know how page is written to disk.
4) inode:
btrfs_inode_new
btrfs_inode_request
btrfs_inode_evict
These can show where and when a inode is created, when a inode is evicted.
5) sync:
btrfs_sync_file
btrfs_sync_fs
These show sync arguments.
6) transaction:
btrfs_transaction_commit
In transaction based filesystem, it will be useful to know the generation and
who does commit.
7) back reference and cow:
btrfs_delayed_tree_ref
btrfs_delayed_data_ref
btrfs_delayed_ref_head
btrfs_cow_block
Btrfs natively supports back references, these tracepoints are helpful on
understanding btrfs's COW mechanism.
8) chunk:
btrfs_chunk_alloc
btrfs_chunk_free
Chunk is a link between physical offset and logical offset, and stands for space
infomation in btrfs, and these are helpful on tracing space things.
9) reserved_extent:
btrfs_reserved_extent_alloc
btrfs_reserved_extent_free
These can show how btrfs uses its space.
Signed-off-by: Liu Bo <liubo2009@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Chris Mason [Wed, 23 Mar 2011 18:54:42 +0000 (14:54 -0400)]
Btrfs: use RCU instead of a spinlock to protect the root node
The pointer to the extent buffer for the root of each tree
is protected by a spinlock so that we can safely read the pointer
and take a reference on the extent buffer.
But now that the extent buffers are freed via RCU, we can safely
use rcu_read_lock instead.
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Josef Bacik [Tue, 22 Mar 2011 15:05:07 +0000 (11:05 -0400)]
Btrfs: mark the bio with an error if we have a failure in dio
I noticed that dio_end_io calls the appropriate endio function with an error,
but the endio functions don't actually do anything with that error, they assume
that if there was an error then the bio will not be uptodate. So if we had
checksum failures we would never pass back EIO. So if there is an error in our
endio functions make sure to clear the uptodate flag on the bio. Thanks,
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
Josef Bacik [Tue, 22 Mar 2011 15:00:46 +0000 (11:00 -0400)]
Btrfs: don't allocate dip->csums when doing writes
When doing direct writes we store the checksums in the ordered sum stuff in the
ordered extent for writing them when the write completes, so we don't even use
the dip->csums array. So if we're writing, don't bother allocating dip->csums
since we won't use it anyway. Thanks,
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
Josef Bacik [Mon, 21 Mar 2011 14:11:24 +0000 (10:11 -0400)]
Btrfs: cleanup how we setup free space clusters
This patch makes the free space cluster refilling code a little easier to
understand, and fixes some things with the bitmap part of it. Currently we
either want to refill a cluster with
1) All normal extent entries (those without bitmaps)
2) A bitmap entry with enough space
The current code has this ugly jump around logic that will first try and fill up
the cluster with extent entries and then if it can't do that it will try and
find a bitmap to use. So instead split this out into two functions, one that
tries to find only normal entries, and one that tries to find bitmaps.
This also fixes a suboptimal thing we would do with bitmaps. If we used a
bitmap we would just tell the cluster that we were pointing at a bitmap and it
would do the tree search in the block group for that entry every time we tried
to make an allocation. Instead of doing that now we just add it to the clusters
group.
I tested this with my ENOSPC tests and xfstests and it survived.
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
Josef Bacik [Fri, 18 Mar 2011 20:16:21 +0000 (16:16 -0400)]
Btrfs: don't be as aggressive about using bitmaps
We have been creating bitmaps for small extents unconditionally forever. This
was great when testing to make sure the bitmap stuff was working, but is
overkill normally. So instead of always adding small chunks of free space to
bitmaps, only start doing it if we go past half of our extent threshold. This
will keeps us from creating a bitmap for just one small free extent at the front
of the block group, and will make the allocator a little faster as a result.
Thanks,
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
Josef Bacik [Fri, 18 Mar 2011 19:27:43 +0000 (15:27 -0400)]
Btrfs: deal with min_bytes appropriately when looking for a cluster
We do all this fun stuff with min_bytes, but either don't use it in the case of
just normal extents, or use it completely wrong in the case of bitmaps. So fix
this for both cases
1) In the extent case, stop looking for space with window_free >= min_bytes
instead of bytes + empty_size.
2) In the bitmap case, we were looking for streches of free space that was at
least min_bytes in size, which was not right at all. So instead search for
stretches of free space that are at least bytes in size (this will make a
difference when we have > page size blocks) and then only search for min_bytes
amount of free space.
Thanks,
Reviewed-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
Josef Bacik [Fri, 18 Mar 2011 19:13:42 +0000 (15:13 -0400)]
Btrfs: check free space in block group before searching for a cluster
The free space cluster stuff is heavy duty, so there is no sense in going
through the entire song and dance if there isn't enough space in the block group
to begin with. Thanks,
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
Josef Bacik [Wed, 16 Mar 2011 20:47:17 +0000 (16:47 -0400)]
Btrfs: add checks to verify dir items are correct
We need to make sure the dir items we get are valid dir items. So any time we
try and read one check it with verify_dir_item, which will do various sanity
checks to make sure it looks sane. Thanks,
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
Josef Bacik [Wed, 16 Mar 2011 17:59:32 +0000 (13:59 -0400)]
Btrfs: check return value of btrfs_search_slot properly
Doing an audit of where we use btrfs_search_slot only showed one place where we
don't check the return value of btrfs_search_slot properly. Just fix
mark_extent_written to see if btrfs_search_slot failed and act accordingly.
Thanks,
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
Josef Bacik [Wed, 16 Mar 2011 17:42:43 +0000 (13:42 -0400)]
Btrfs: check items for correctness as we search
Currently if we have corrupted items things will blow up in spectacular ways.
So as we read in blocks and they are leaves, check the entire leaf to make sure
all of the items are correct and point to valid parts in the leaf for the item
data the are responsible for. If the item is corrupt we will kick back EIO and
not read any of the copies since they are likely to not be correct either. This
will catch generic corruptions, it will be up to the individual callers of
btrfs_search_slot to make sure their items are right. Thanks,
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
Josef Bacik [Tue, 15 Mar 2011 18:52:12 +0000 (14:52 -0400)]
Btrfs: return error if the range we want to map is bogus
Currently if we have corrupt metadata map_extent_buffer will complain about it,
but not return an error so the caller has no idea a problem was hit. Fix this.
Thanks,
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
Josef Bacik [Fri, 4 Mar 2011 20:46:53 +0000 (15:46 -0500)]
Btrfs: add a comment explaining what btrfs_cont_expand does
Everytime I have to deal with btrfs_cont_expand I stare at it for 20 minutes
trying to remember what exactly it does and why the hell we need it. So add a
comment to save future-Josef some time. Thanks,
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
Josef Bacik [Fri, 4 Mar 2011 19:41:41 +0000 (14:41 -0500)]
Btrfs: use mark_inode_dirty when expanding the file
Mark_inode_dirty will call btrfs_dirty_inode which will take care of updating
the inode. This makes setsize a little cleaner since we don't have to start a
transaction and update the inode in there, we can just call mark_inode_dirty.
Thanks,
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
Josef Bacik [Fri, 4 Mar 2011 19:37:08 +0000 (14:37 -0500)]
Btrfs: only add orphan items when truncating
We don't need an orphan item when expanding files, we just need them for
truncating them, so only add the orphan item in btrfs_truncate instead of in
btrfs_setsize. Thanks,
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
Josef Bacik [Fri, 4 Mar 2011 19:09:46 +0000 (14:09 -0500)]
Btrfs: make sure to remove the orphan item from the in-memory list
This fixes a problem where if truncate fails the inode will still be on the in
memory orphan list. This is will make us complain when the inode gets destroyed
because it's still on the orphan list. So if we fail just remove us from the in
memory list and carry on.
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
Josef Bacik [Mon, 31 Jan 2011 21:22:42 +0000 (16:22 -0500)]
Btrfs: handle errors in btrfs_orphan_cleanup
If we cannot truncate an inode for some reason we will never delete the orphan
item associated with that inode, which means that we will loop forever in
btrfs_orphan_cleanup. Instead of doing this just return error so we fail to
mount. It sucks, but hey it's better than hanging. Thanks,
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
Josef Bacik [Mon, 31 Jan 2011 21:03:11 +0000 (16:03 -0500)]
Btrfs: cleanup error handling in the truncate path
Now that we can handle having errors in the truncate path lets make sure we
return errors instead of doing BUG_ON() and such. Thanks,
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
Josef Bacik [Mon, 31 Jan 2011 20:30:16 +0000 (15:30 -0500)]
Btrfs: convert to the new truncate sequence
->truncate() is going away, instead all of the work needs to be done in
->setattr(). So this converts us over to do this. It's fairly straightforward,
just get rid of our .truncate inode operation and call btrfs_truncate() directly
from btrfs_setsize. This works out better for us since truncate can technically
return ENOSPC, and before we had no way of letting anybody know. Thanks,
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
Josef Bacik [Fri, 28 Jan 2011 22:05:48 +0000 (17:05 -0500)]
Btrfs: use a slab for the free space entries
Since we alloc/free free space entries a whole lot, lets use a slab to keep
track of them. This makes some of my tests slightly faster. Thanks,
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
Josef Bacik [Tue, 25 Jan 2011 21:30:38 +0000 (16:30 -0500)]
Btrfs: change reserved_extents to an atomic_t
We track delayed allocation per inodes via 2 counters, one is
outstanding_extents and reserved_extents. Outstanding_extents is already an
atomic_t, but reserved_extents is not and is protected by a spinlock. So
convert this to an atomic_t and instead of using a spinlock, use atomic_cmpxchg
when releasing delalloc bytes. This makes our inode 72 bytes smaller, and
reduces locking overhead (albiet it was minimal to begin with). Thanks,
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
Josef Bacik [Tue, 25 Jan 2011 20:10:08 +0000 (15:10 -0500)]
Btrfs: fix how we deal with the pages array in the write path
Really we don't need to memset the pages array at all, since we know how many
pages we're going to use in the array and pass that around. So don't memset,
just trust we're not idiots and we pass num_pages around properly.
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
Josef Bacik [Tue, 25 Jan 2011 19:57:24 +0000 (14:57 -0500)]
Btrfs: simplify our write path
Our aio_write function is huge and kind of hard to follow at times. So this
patch fixes this by breaking out the buffered and direct write paths out into
seperate functions so it's a little clearer what's going on. I've also fixed
some wrong typing that we had and added the ability to handle getting an error
back from btrfs_set_extent_delalloc. Tested this with xfstests and everything
came out fine. Thanks,
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
Josef Bacik [Tue, 25 Jan 2011 17:42:37 +0000 (12:42 -0500)]
Btrfs: fix formatting in file.c
Sorry, but these were bugging me. Just cleanup some of the formatting in
file.c.
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <josef@redhat.com>
Linus Torvalds [Tue, 15 Mar 2011 01:20:32 +0000 (18:20 -0700)]
Linux 2.6.38
Linus Torvalds [Mon, 14 Mar 2011 22:20:39 +0000 (15:20 -0700)]
Merge branch 'fixes' of git://git./linux/kernel/git/dhowells/linux-2.6-mn10300
* 'fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dhowells/linux-2.6-mn10300:
MN10300: atomic_read() should ensure it emits a load
MN10300: The SMP_ICACHE_INV_FLUSH_RANGE IPI command does not exist
MN10300: Proper use of macros get_user() in the case of incremented pointers
Linus Torvalds [Mon, 14 Mar 2011 22:20:12 +0000 (15:20 -0700)]
Merge branch 'upstream' of git://git.linux-mips.org/upstream-linus
* 'upstream' of git://git.linux-mips.org/pub/scm/upstream-linus: (26 commits)
MIPS: Alchemy: Fix reset for MTX-1 and XXS1500
MIPS: MTX-1: Make au1000_eth probe all PHY addresses
MIPS: Jz4740: Add HAVE_CLK
MIPS: Move idle task creation to work queue
MIPS, Perf-events: Use unsigned delta for right shift in event update
MIPS, Perf-events: Work with the new callchain interface
MIPS, Perf-events: Fix event check in validate_event()
MIPS, Perf-events: Work with the new PMU interface
MIPS, Perf-events: Work with irq_work
MIPS: Fix always CONFIG_LOONGSON_UART_BASE=y
MIPS: Loongson: Fix potentially wrong string handling
MIPS: Fix GCC-4.6 'set but not used' warning in arch/mips/mm/init.c
MIPS: Fix GCC-4.6 'set but not used' warning in ieee754int.h
MIPS: Remove unused code from arch/mips/kernel/syscall.c
MIPS: Fix GCC-4.6 'set but not used' warning in signal*.c
MIPS: MSP: Fix MSP71xx bpci interrupt handler return value
MIPS: Select R4K timer lib for all MSP platforms
MIPS: Loongson: Remove ad-hoc cmdline default
MIPS: Clear the correct flag in sysmips(MIPS_FIXADE, ...).
MIPS: Add an unreachable return statement to satisfy buggy GCCs.
...
Linus Torvalds [Mon, 14 Mar 2011 22:19:09 +0000 (15:19 -0700)]
Merge branch 'x86-fixes-for-linus' of git://git./linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip
* 'x86-fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
x86: ce4100: Set pci ops via callback instead of module init
x86/mm: Fix pgd_lock deadlock
x86/mm: Handle mm_fault_error() in kernel space
x86: Don't check for BIOS corruption in first 64K when there's no need to
Linus Torvalds [Mon, 14 Mar 2011 22:17:07 +0000 (15:17 -0700)]
Revert "oom: oom_kill_process: fix the child_points logic"
This reverts the parent commit. I hate doing that, but it's generating
some discussion ("half of it is right"), and since I am planning on
doing the 2.6.38 release later today we can punt it to stable if
required. Let's not rock the boat right now.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Oleg Nesterov [Mon, 14 Mar 2011 19:05:30 +0000 (20:05 +0100)]
oom: oom_kill_process: fix the child_points logic
oom_kill_process() starts with victim_points == 0. This means that
(most likely) any child has more points and can be killed erroneously.
Also, "children has a different mm" doesn't match the reality, we should
check child->mm != t->mm. This check is not exactly correct if t->mm ==
NULL but this doesn't really matter, oom_kill_task() will kill them
anyway.
Note: "Kill all processes sharing p->mm" in oom_kill_task() is wrong
too.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Florian Fainelli [Mon, 21 Feb 2011 13:28:02 +0000 (14:28 +0100)]
MIPS: Alchemy: Fix reset for MTX-1 and XXS1500
Since commit
32fd6901 (MIPS: Alchemy: get rid of common/reset.c)
Alchemy-based boards use their own reset function. For MTX-1 and XXS1500,
the reset function pokes at the BCSR.SYSTEM_RESET register, but this does
not work. According to Bruno Randolf, this was not tested when written.
Previously, the generic au1000_restart() routine called the board specific
reset function, which for MTX-1 and XXS1500 did not work, but finally made
a jump to the reset vector, which really triggers a system restart. Fix
reboot for both targets by jumping to the reset vector.
Signed-off-by: Florian Fainelli <florian@openwrt.org>
To: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/2093/
Acked-by: Bruno Randolf <br1@einfach.org>
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Florian Fainelli [Sun, 27 Feb 2011 18:53:53 +0000 (19:53 +0100)]
MIPS: MTX-1: Make au1000_eth probe all PHY addresses
When au1000_eth probes the MII bus for PHY address, if we do not set
au1000_eth platform data's phy_search_highest_address, the MII probing
logic will exit early and will assume a valid PHY is found at address 0.
For MTX-1, the PHY is at address 31, and without this patch, the link
detection/speed/duplex would not work correctly.
CC: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Florian Fainelli <florian@openwrt.org>
To: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/2111/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Maurus Cuelenaere [Mon, 28 Feb 2011 23:20:01 +0000 (00:20 +0100)]
MIPS: Jz4740: Add HAVE_CLK
Jz4740 supports the clock framework but doesn't have HAVE_CLK defined,
so define it!
Signed-off-by: Maurus Cuelenaere <mcuelenaere@gmail.com>
To: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
To: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/2112/
Acked-by: Lars-Peter Clausen <lars@metafoo.de>
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Maksim Rayskiy [Sat, 12 Feb 2011 18:21:32 +0000 (10:21 -0800)]
MIPS: Move idle task creation to work queue
To avoid forking usermode thread when creating an idle task, move fork_idle
to a work queue.
If kernel starts with maxcpus= option which does not bring all available
cpus online at boot time, idle tasks for offline cpus are not created. If
later offline cpus are hotplugged through sysfs, __cpu_up is called in
the context of the user task, and fork_idle copies its non-zero mm
pointer. This causes BUG() in per_cpu_trap_init.
This also avoids issues with resource limits of the CPU writing to sysfs,
containers, maybe others.
Signed-off-by: Maksim Rayskiy <mrayskiy@broadcom.com>
To: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/2070/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Deng-Cheng Zhu [Fri, 21 Jan 2011 08:19:21 +0000 (16:19 +0800)]
MIPS, Perf-events: Use unsigned delta for right shift in event update
Leverage the commit for ARM by Will Deacon:
-
446a5a8b1eb91a6990e5c8fe29f14e7a95b69132
ARM: 6205/1: perf: ensure counter delta is treated as unsigned
Hardware performance counters on ARM are 32-bits wide but atomic64_t
variables are used to represent counter data in the hw_perf_event structure.
The armpmu_event_update function right-shifts a signed 64-bit delta variable
and adds the result to the event count. This can lead to shifting in sign-bits
if the MSB of the 32-bit counter value is set. This results in perf output
such as:
Performance counter stats for 'sleep 20':
18446744073460670464 cycles <-- 0xFFFFFFFFF12A6000
7783773 instructions # 0.000 IPC
465 context-switches
161 page-faults
1172393 branches
20.
154242147 seconds time elapsed
This patch ensures that the delta value is treated as unsigned so that the
right shift sets the upper bits to zero.
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Acked-by: David Daney <ddaney@caviumnetworks.com>
Signed-off-by: Deng-Cheng Zhu <dengcheng.zhu@gmail.com>
To: a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl
To: fweisbec@gmail.com
To: will.deacon@arm.com
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: wuzhangjin@gmail.com
Cc: paulus@samba.org
Cc: mingo@elte.hu
Cc: acme@redhat.com
Cc: matt@console-pimps.org
Cc: sshtylyov@mvista.com
Patchwork: http://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/2015/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Deng-Cheng Zhu [Fri, 21 Jan 2011 08:19:20 +0000 (16:19 +0800)]
MIPS, Perf-events: Work with the new callchain interface
This is the MIPS part of the following commits by Frederic Weisbecker:
-
f72c1a931e311bb7780fee19e41a89ac42cab50e
perf: Factorize callchain context handling
Store the kernel and user contexts from the generic layer instead
of archs, this gathers some repetitive code.
-
56962b4449af34070bb1994621ef4f0265eed4d8
perf: Generalize some arch callchain code
- Most archs use one callchain buffer per cpu, except x86 that needs
to deal with NMIs. Provide a default perf_callchain_buffer()
implementation that x86 overrides.
- Centralize all the kernel/user regs handling and invoke new arch
handlers from there: perf_callchain_user() / perf_callchain_kernel()
That avoid all the user_mode(), current->mm checks and so...
- Invert some parameters in perf_callchain_*() helpers: entry to the
left, regs to the right, following the traditional (dst, src).
-
70791ce9ba68a5921c9905ef05d23f62a90bc10c
perf: Generalize callchain_store()
callchain_store() is the same on every archs, inline it in
perf_event.h and rename it to perf_callchain_store() to avoid
any collision.
This removes repetitive code.
-
c1a65932fd7216fdc9a0db8bbffe1d47842f862c
perf: Drop unappropriate tests on arch callchains
Drop the TASK_RUNNING test on user tasks for callchains as
this check doesn't seem to make any sense.
Also remove the tests for !current that is not supposed to
happen and current->pid as this should be handled at the
generic level, with exclude_idle attribute.
Reported-by: Wu Zhangjin <wuzhangjin@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Acked-by: David Daney <ddaney@caviumnetworks.com>
Signed-off-by: Deng-Cheng Zhu <dengcheng.zhu@gmail.com>
To: a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl
To: will.deacon@arm.com
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: paulus@samba.org
Cc: mingo@elte.hu
Cc: acme@redhat.com
Cc: dengcheng.zhu@gmail.com
Cc: matt@console-pimps.org
Cc: sshtylyov@mvista.com
Patchwork: http://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/2014/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Deng-Cheng Zhu [Fri, 21 Jan 2011 08:19:19 +0000 (16:19 +0800)]
MIPS, Perf-events: Fix event check in validate_event()
Ignore events that are in off/error state or belong to a different PMU.
This patch originates from the following commit for ARM by Will Deacon:
-
65b4711ff513767341aa1915c822de6ec0de65cb
ARM: 6352/1: perf: fix event validation
The validate_event function in the ARM perf events backend has the
following problems:
1.) Events that are disabled count towards the cost.
2.) Events associated with other PMUs [for example, software events or
breakpoints] do not count towards the cost, but do fail validation,
causing the group to fail.
This patch changes validate_event so that it ignores events in the
PERF_EVENT_STATE_OFF state or that are scheduled for other PMUs.
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Acked-by: David Daney <ddaney@caviumnetworks.com>
Signed-off-by: Deng-Cheng Zhu <dengcheng.zhu@gmail.com>
To: a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl
To: fweisbec@gmail.com
To: will.deacon@arm.com
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: wuzhangjin@gmail.com
Cc: paulus@samba.org
Cc: mingo@elte.hu
Cc: acme@redhat.com
Cc: dengcheng.zhu@gmail.com
Cc: matt@console-pimps.org
Cc: sshtylyov@mvista.com
Cc: ddaney@caviumnetworks.com
Patchwork: http://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/2013/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Deng-Cheng Zhu [Fri, 21 Jan 2011 08:19:18 +0000 (16:19 +0800)]
MIPS, Perf-events: Work with the new PMU interface
This is the MIPS part of the following commits by Peter Zijlstra:
-
a4eaf7f14675cb512d69f0c928055e73d0c6d252
perf: Rework the PMU methods
Replace pmu::{enable,disable,start,stop,unthrottle} with
pmu::{add,del,start,stop}, all of which take a flags argument.
The new interface extends the capability to stop a counter while
keeping it scheduled on the PMU. We replace the throttled state with
the generic stopped state.
This also allows us to efficiently stop/start counters over certain
code paths (like IRQ handlers).
It also allows scheduling a counter without it starting, allowing for
a generic frozen state (useful for rotating stopped counters).
The stopped state is implemented in two different ways, depending on
how the architecture implemented the throttled state:
1) We disable the counter:
a) the pmu has per-counter enable bits, we flip that
b) we program a NOP event, preserving the counter state
2) We store the counter state and ignore all read/overflow events
For MIPSXX, the stopped state is implemented in the way of 1.b as above.
-
33696fc0d141bbbcb12f75b69608ea83282e3117
perf: Per PMU disable
Changes perf_disable() into perf_pmu_disable().
-
24cd7f54a0d47e1d5b3de29e2456bfbd2d8447b7
perf: Reduce perf_disable() usage
Since the current perf_disable() usage is only an optimization,
remove it for now. This eases the removal of the __weak
hw_perf_enable() interface.
-
b0a873ebbf87bf38bf70b5e39a7cadc96099fa13
perf: Register PMU implementations
Simple registration interface for struct pmu, this provides the
infrastructure for removing all the weak functions.
-
51b0fe39549a04858001922919ab355dee9bdfcf
perf: Deconstify struct pmu
sed -ie 's/const struct pmu\>/struct pmu/g' `git grep -l "const struct pmu\>"`
Reported-by: Wu Zhangjin <wuzhangjin@gmail.com>
Acked-by: David Daney <ddaney@caviumnetworks.com>
Signed-off-by: Deng-Cheng Zhu <dengcheng.zhu@gmail.com>
To: a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl
To: fweisbec@gmail.com
To: will.deacon@arm.com
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: wuzhangjin@gmail.com
Cc: paulus@samba.org
Cc: mingo@elte.hu
Cc: acme@redhat.com
Cc: dengcheng.zhu@gmail.com
Cc: matt@console-pimps.org
Cc: sshtylyov@mvista.com
Cc: ddaney@caviumnetworks.com
Patchwork: http://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/2012/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Deng-Cheng Zhu [Fri, 21 Jan 2011 08:19:17 +0000 (16:19 +0800)]
MIPS, Perf-events: Work with irq_work
This is the MIPS part of the following commit by Peter Zijlstra:
-
e360adbe29241a0194e10e20595360dd7b98a2b3
irq_work: Add generic hardirq context callbacks
Provide a mechanism that allows running code in IRQ context. It is
most useful for NMI code that needs to interact with the rest of the
system -- like wakeup a task to drain buffers.
Perf currently has such a mechanism, so extract that and provide it as
a generic feature, independent of perf so that others may also
benefit.
The IRQ context callback is generated through self-IPIs where
possible, or on architectures like powerpc the decrementer (the
built-in timer facility) is set to generate an interrupt immediately.
Architectures that don't have anything like this get to do with a
callback from the timer tick. These architectures can call
irq_work_run() at the tail of any IRQ handlers that might enqueue such
work (like the perf IRQ handler) to avoid undue latencies in
processing the work.
For MIPSXX, we need to call irq_work_run() at the tail of the perf IRQ
handler as described above.
Reported-by: Wu Zhangjin <wuzhangjin@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: David Daney <ddaney@caviumnetworks.com>
Signed-off-by: Deng-Cheng Zhu <dengcheng.zhu@gmail.com>
To: fweisbec@gmail.com
To: will.deacon@arm.com
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: paulus@samba.org
Cc: mingo@elte.hu
Cc: acme@redhat.com
Cc: matt@console-pimps.org
Cc: sshtylyov@mvista.com,
Patchwork: http://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/2011/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Yoichi Yuasa [Mon, 7 Feb 2011 02:31:36 +0000 (11:31 +0900)]
MIPS: Fix always CONFIG_LOONGSON_UART_BASE=y
Signed-off-by: Yoichi Yuasa <yuasa@linux-mips.org>
Cc: linux-mips <linux-mips@linux-mips.org>
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/2055/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Stefan Weil [Sun, 30 Jan 2011 20:41:44 +0000 (21:41 +0100)]
MIPS: Loongson: Fix potentially wrong string handling
This error was reported by cppcheck:
arch/mips/loongson/common/machtype.c:56: error: Dangerous usage of 'str' (strncpy doesn't always 0-terminate it)
If strncpy copied MACHTYPE_LEN bytes, the destination string str
was not terminated.
The patch adds one more byte to str and makes sure that this byte is
always 0.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Weil <weil@mail.berlios.de>
Cc: Wu Zhangjin <wuzhangjin@gmail.com>
Cc: Arnaud Patard <apatard@mandriva.com>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/2053/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
David Daney [Mon, 24 Jan 2011 22:51:37 +0000 (14:51 -0800)]
MIPS: Fix GCC-4.6 'set but not used' warning in arch/mips/mm/init.c
Under some combinations of CONFIG_*, lastpfn in page_is_ram is 'set
but not used'. Mark it as __maybe_unused to quiet the warning/error.
Signed-off-by: David Daney <ddaney@caviumnetworks.com>
To: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/2033/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
David Daney [Mon, 24 Jan 2011 22:51:36 +0000 (14:51 -0800)]
MIPS: Fix GCC-4.6 'set but not used' warning in ieee754int.h
GCC-4.6 can find more unused code than previous versions could.
In the case of arch/mips/math-emu/ieee754int.h, the COMPXSP and
COMPXDP macros are used in several places, but a couple of them leave
xs unused. The easiest thing to do is mark it as __maybe_unused to
quiet the warning.
Signed-off-by: David Daney <ddaney@caviumnetworks.com>
To: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/2032/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
David Daney [Mon, 24 Jan 2011 22:51:35 +0000 (14:51 -0800)]
MIPS: Remove unused code from arch/mips/kernel/syscall.c
The variable arg3 in _sys_sysmips() is unused. Remove it.
Signed-off-by: David Daney <ddaney@caviumnetworks.com>
To: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/2034/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
David Daney [Mon, 24 Jan 2011 22:51:34 +0000 (14:51 -0800)]
MIPS: Fix GCC-4.6 'set but not used' warning in signal*.c
GCC-4.6 can find more unused code than previous versions could.
In the case of protected_restore_fp_context{,32}, the variable tmp is
really used. Its use is tricky in that we really care about the side
effects of the __put_user() calls. So we must mark tmp with
__maybe_unused to quiet the warning.
Signed-off-by: David Daney <ddaney@caviumnetworks.com>
To: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/2035/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Anoop P A [Thu, 18 Nov 2010 10:32:50 +0000 (16:02 +0530)]
MIPS: MSP: Fix MSP71xx bpci interrupt handler return value
Signed-off-by: Anoop P A <anoop.pa@gmail.com>
To: Ben Hutchings <ben@decadent.org.uk>
To: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
To: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/1804/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Anoop P A [Thu, 18 Nov 2010 08:12:28 +0000 (13:42 +0530)]
MIPS: Select R4K timer lib for all MSP platforms
Signed-off-by: Anoop P A <anoop.pa@gmail.com>
To: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
To: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/1803/
Tested-by: Shane McDonald <mcdonald.shane@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Robert Millan [Sun, 7 Nov 2010 12:38:29 +0000 (13:38 +0100)]
MIPS: Loongson: Remove ad-hoc cmdline default
Loongson builds have an ad-hoc cmdline default of "console=ttyS0,115200
root=/dev/hda1". These settings come from a vendor; I remember builds
from Lemote branch requiring a "console=tty" override in order to get a
working console.
At least on Yeeloong, they're particularly useless: there's no external
serial port, and the IDE drive is now recognised as /dev/sda.
Signed-off-by: Robert Millan <rmh@gnu.org>
To: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/1759/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Stefan Oberhumer [Mon, 17 Jan 2011 08:19:53 +0000 (09:19 +0100)]
MIPS: Clear the correct flag in sysmips(MIPS_FIXADE, ...).
The sysmips(MIPS_FIXADE, ...) case contains an obvious copy-and-paste
error in the handling of the TIF_LOGADE flag. Fix that
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/1997/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
David Daney [Wed, 19 Jan 2011 23:24:42 +0000 (15:24 -0800)]
MIPS: Add an unreachable return statement to satisfy buggy GCCs.
It was reported that GCC-4.3.3 (with CodeSourcery extensions) fails
without this.
Reported-by: Jonas Gorski <jonas.gorski@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David Daney <ddaney@caviumnetworks.com>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/2010/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Wu Zhangjin [Fri, 21 Jan 2011 18:01:53 +0000 (02:01 +0800)]
MIPS, Tracing: Fix set_graph_function of function graph tracer
trace.func should be set to the recorded ip of the mcount calling site
in the __mcount_loc section to filter the function entries configured
through the tracing/set_graph_function interface, but before, this is
set to the self_ra(the return address of mcount), which has made
set_graph_function not work as expected.
This fixes it via calculating the right recorded ip in the __mcount_loc
section and assign it to trace.func.
Reported-by: Zhiping Zhong <xzhong86@163.com>
Signed-off-by: Wu Zhangjin <wuzhangjin@gmail.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Cc: Sergei Shtylyov <sshtylyov@mvista.com>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/2017/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@duck.linux-mips.net>
Wu Zhangjin [Wed, 19 Jan 2011 19:28:31 +0000 (03:28 +0800)]
MIPS, Tracing: Clean up ftrace_make_nop()
This moves the comments out of ftrace_make_nop() and cleans it. At the
same time, a macro MCOUNT_OFFSET_INSNS is defined for sharing with the
next patch.
Signed-off-by: Wu Zhangjin <wuzhangjin@gmail.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/2008/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@duck.linux-mips.net>
Wu Zhangjin [Wed, 19 Jan 2011 19:28:30 +0000 (03:28 +0800)]
MIPS, Tracing: Clean up prepare_ftrace_return()
The old prepare_ftrace_return() for MIPS is confused and have introduced
some problem. This patch cleans up the names of the arguments, variables
and related functions.
For MIPS, the 2nd argument of prepare_ftrace_return() is not really the
'selfpc' described in ftrace-design.txt but instead it is the self
return address. This did break the compatibility of the generic
interface but really reduced one unneeded calculation for to get the
current function name, the parent return address and the self return
address are enough, no need to tranform the self return address to the
self address.
But set_graph_function of function graph tracer is an exception, it does
need the 2nd argument of prepare_ftrace_return() as 'selfpc', for it
will use 'selfpc' to match user's configuration of function graph
entries, but in reality, it doesn't need the 'selfpc' but the recorded
ip address of the mcount calling site in the __mcount_loc section. So,
the 2nd argument of prepare_ftrace_return() is not important, the real
requirement is the right recorded ip address should be calculated and
assign to trace.func, this will be fixed in the next patches.
Reported-by: Zhiping Zhong <xzhong86@163.com>
Signed-off-by: Wu Zhangjin <wuzhangjin@gmail.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/2007/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@duck.linux-mips.net>
Wu Zhangjin [Wed, 19 Jan 2011 19:28:29 +0000 (03:28 +0800)]
MIPS, Tracing: Substitute in_kernel_space() for in_module()
The old in_module() may not work in some situations(e.g. when module &
kernel are in the same address space when CONFIG_MAPPED_KERNEL=y), The
in_kernel_space() is more generic and it is also easy to be implemented
via cloning the existing core_kernel_text(), so, replace the in_module()
with in_kernel_space().
Signed-off-by: Wu Zhangjin <wuzhangjin@gmail.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/2005/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@duck.linux-mips.net>
Wu Zhangjin [Wed, 19 Jan 2011 19:28:27 +0000 (03:28 +0800)]
MIPS, Tracing: Speed up function graph tracer
This simply moves the "ip-=4" statement down to the end of the do { ...
} while (...); loop, which reduces one unneeded subtration and the
subsequent memory loading and comparison.
Signed-off-by: Wu Zhangjin <wuzhangjin@gmail.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/2006/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@duck.linux-mips.net>
Thomas Gleixner [Sun, 23 Jan 2011 15:17:00 +0000 (15:17 +0000)]
MIPS: Replace deprecated spinlock initialization
SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCK is deprecated. Use the lockdep capable variant instead.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/2025/
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@duck.linux-mips.net>
Linus Torvalds [Mon, 14 Mar 2011 18:19:50 +0000 (11:19 -0700)]
Merge branch 'bugfixes' of git://git.linux-nfs.org/projects/trondmy/nfs-2.6
* 'bugfixes' of git://git.linux-nfs.org/projects/trondmy/nfs-2.6:
NFS: NFSROOT should default to "proto=udp"
nfs4: remove duplicated #include
NFSv4: nfs4_state_mark_reclaim_nograce() should be static
NFSv4: Fix the setlk error handler
NFSv4.1: Fix the handling of the SEQUENCE status bits
NFSv4/4.1: Fix nfs4_schedule_state_recovery abuses
NFSv4.1 reclaim complete must wait for completion
NFSv4: remove duplicate clientid in struct nfs_client
NFSv4.1: Retry CREATE_SESSION on NFS4ERR_DELAY
sunrpc: Propagate errors from xs_bind() through xs_create_sock()
(try3-resend) Fix nfs_compat_user_ino64 so it doesn't cause problems if bit 31 or 63 are set in fileid
nfs: fix compilation warning
nfs: add kmalloc return value check in decode_and_add_ds
SUNRPC: Remove resource leak in svc_rdma_send_error()
nfs: close NFSv4 COMMIT vs. CLOSE race
SUNRPC: Close a race in __rpc_wait_for_completion_task()
Linus Torvalds [Mon, 14 Mar 2011 18:17:43 +0000 (11:17 -0700)]
Merge branch 'drm-fixes' of git://git./linux/kernel/git/airlied/drm-2.6
* 'drm-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/airlied/drm-2.6:
drm/radeon: fix problem with changing active VRAM size. (v2)
Linus Torvalds [Mon, 14 Mar 2011 17:15:43 +0000 (10:15 -0700)]
Merge git://git./linux/kernel/git/wim/linux-2.6-watchdog
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/wim/linux-2.6-watchdog:
watchdog: hpwdt: eliminate section mismatch warning
watchdog: w83697ug_wdt: Fix set bit 0 to activate GPIO2
watchdog: sch311x_wdt: fix printk condition
watchdog: sch311x_wdt: Fix LDN active check
watchdog: cpwd: Fix buffer-overflow
Timo Warns [Mon, 14 Mar 2011 13:59:33 +0000 (14:59 +0100)]
Fix corrupted OSF partition table parsing
The kernel automatically evaluates partition tables of storage devices.
The code for evaluating OSF partitions contains a bug that leaks data
from kernel heap memory to userspace for certain corrupted OSF
partitions.
In more detail:
for (i = 0 ; i < le16_to_cpu(label->d_npartitions); i++, partition++) {
iterates from 0 to d_npartitions - 1, where d_npartitions is read from
the partition table without validation and partition is a pointer to an
array of at most 8 d_partitions.
Add the proper and obvious validation.
Signed-off-by: Timo Warns <warns@pre-sense.de>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
[ Changed the patch trivially to not repeat the whole le16_to_cpu()
thing, and to use an explicit constant for the magic value '8' ]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Hugh Dickins [Mon, 14 Mar 2011 08:08:47 +0000 (01:08 -0700)]
thp+memcg-numa: fix BUG at include/linux/mm.h:370!
THP's collapse_huge_page() has an understandable but ugly difference
in when its huge page is allocated: inside if NUMA but outside if not.
It's hardly surprising that the memcg failure path forgot that, freeing
the page in the non-NUMA case, then hitting a VM_BUG_ON in get_page()
(or even worse, using the freed page).
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
David Howells [Mon, 14 Mar 2011 14:49:44 +0000 (14:49 +0000)]
MN10300: atomic_read() should ensure it emits a load
atomic_read() needs to ensure that it emits a load (which it can do by using
ACCESS_ONCE()).
Reported-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
David Howells [Mon, 14 Mar 2011 14:45:29 +0000 (14:45 +0000)]
MN10300: The SMP_ICACHE_INV_FLUSH_RANGE IPI command does not exist
The invalidate-only versions of flush_icache_*range() are trying sending the
SMP_ICACHE_INV_FLUSH_RANGE IPI command in SMP kernels when they should be
sending SMP_ICACHE_INV_RANGE as the former does not exist.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Tkhai Kirill [Mon, 14 Mar 2011 13:27:46 +0000 (13:27 +0000)]
MN10300: Proper use of macros get_user() in the case of incremented pointers
Using __get_user_check(x, ptr++, size) leads to double increment of pointer.
This macro uses the macro get_user directly, which itself is used in this way
(get_user(x, ptr++)) in some functions of the kernel. The patch fixes the
error.
Reported-by: Tkhai Kirill <tkhai@yandex.ru>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>