platform/kernel/linux-rpi.git
11 years agoMerge tag 'fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm...
Linus Torvalds [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 20:59:31 +0000 (13:59 -0700)]
Merge tag 'fixes-for-linus' of git://git./linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc

Pull ARM SoC fixes from Olof Johansson:
 "A small batch of fixes that have trickled in over the last week of the
  merge window.

  Also included are few small devicetree updates for sunxi, since it
  enables me to use one of their newer boards (cubieboard2) for
  additional test coverage.  The support for that SoC is new for 3.12,
  so there's no exposure to new regressions due to it"

* tag 'fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc:
  ARM: dts: sun7i: olinuxino-micro: Enable the EMAC
  ARM: dts: sun7i: cubieboard2: Enable the EMAC
  ARM: dts: sun7i: Add the muxing options for the EMAC
  ARM: dts: sun7i: Enable the Ethernet in the A20
  i2c: davinci: Fix bad dev_get_platdata() conversion
  ARM: vexpress: allow dcscb and tc2_pm in a combined ARMv6+v7 build
  ARM: shmobile: lager: Do not use register_type field of struct sh_eth_plat_data
  ARM: pxa: ssp: Check return values from phandle lookups
  ARM: PCI: versatile: Fix SMAP register offsets
  ARM: PCI: versatile: Fix PCI I/O
  ARM: PCI: versatile: Fix map_irq function to match hardware
  ARM: ep93xx: Don't use modem interface on the second UART
  ARM: shmobile: r8a7779: Update early timer initialisation order

11 years agoMerge branch 'fixes' of git://git.linaro.org/people/rmk/linux-arm
Linus Torvalds [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 20:58:35 +0000 (13:58 -0700)]
Merge branch 'fixes' of git://git.linaro.org/people/rmk/linux-arm

Pull ARM fixes from Russell King:
 "Just two fixes here - one for the recent addition of Neon stuff which
  causes problems when this is built as a module.  The other was one
  spotted by Olof with the fixed-HZ stuff.

  Last patch (which is at the very top) is not a fix per-se, but an
  almost-end-of-merge window sorting of the select symbols in
  arch/arm/Kconfig to keep them as akpm would like to reduce unnecessary
  conflicts.  I've also taken the liberty this time to add a comment at
  the end to discourage the endless "add the next select to the bottom
  of a nicely sorted list" syndrome"

* 'fixes' of git://git.linaro.org/people/rmk/linux-arm:
  ARM: sort arch/arm/Kconfig
  ARM: fix forced-HZ values
  ARM: 7835/2: fix modular build of xor_blocks() with NEON enabled

11 years agoMerge tag 'nfs-for-3.12-2' of git://git.linux-nfs.org/projects/trondmy/linux-nfs
Linus Torvalds [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 20:39:34 +0000 (13:39 -0700)]
Merge tag 'nfs-for-3.12-2' of git://git.linux-nfs.org/projects/trondmy/linux-nfs

Pull NFS client bugfixes (part 2) from Trond Myklebust:
 "Bugfixes:
   - Fix a few credential reference leaks resulting from the
     SP4_MACH_CRED NFSv4.1 state protection code.
   - Fix the SUNRPC bloatometer footprint: convert a 256K hashtable into
     the intended 64 byte structure.
   - Fix a long standing XDR issue with FREE_STATEID
   - Fix a potential WARN_ON spamming issue
   - Fix a missing dprintk() kuid conversion

  New features:
   - Enable the NFSv4.1 state protection support for the WRITE and
     COMMIT operations"

* tag 'nfs-for-3.12-2' of git://git.linux-nfs.org/projects/trondmy/linux-nfs:
  SUNRPC: No, I did not intend to create a 256KiB hashtable
  sunrpc: Add missing kuids conversion for printing
  NFSv4.1: sp4_mach_cred: WARN_ON -> WARN_ON_ONCE
  NFSv4.1: sp4_mach_cred: no need to ref count creds
  NFSv4.1: fix SECINFO* use of put_rpccred
  NFSv4.1: sp4_mach_cred: ask for WRITE and COMMIT
  NFSv4.1 fix decode_free_stateid

11 years agovfs: make d_path() get the root path under RCU
Linus Torvalds [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 20:24:55 +0000 (13:24 -0700)]
vfs: make d_path() get the root path under RCU

This avoids the spinlocks and refcounts in the d_path() sequence too
(used by /proc and various other entities).  See commit 8b19e34188a3 for
the equivalent getcwd() system call path.

And unlike getcwd(), d_path() doesn't copy the result to user space, so
I don't need to fear _that_ particular bug happening again.

Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoARM: sort arch/arm/Kconfig
Russell King [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 20:24:42 +0000 (21:24 +0100)]
ARM: sort arch/arm/Kconfig

Keep arch/arm/Kconfig select statements sorted alphabetically.  I've
added a comment at the bottom of the main bank for CONFIG_ARM to this
effect so hopefully this will keep things more in order.

Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
11 years agovfs: use __getname/__putname for getcwd() system call
Linus Torvalds [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 19:40:15 +0000 (12:40 -0700)]
vfs: use __getname/__putname for getcwd() system call

It's a pathname.  It should use the pathname allocators and
deallocators, and PATH_MAX instead of PAGE_SIZE.  Never mind that the
two are commonly the same.

With this, the allocations scale up nicely too, and I can do getcwd()
system calls at a rate of about 300M/s, with no lock contention
anywhere.

Of course, nobody sane does that, especially since getcwd() is
traditionally a very slow operation in Unix.  But this was also the
simplest way to benchmark the prepend_path() improvements by Waiman, and
once I saw the profiles I couldn't leave it well enough alone.

But apart from being an performance improvement (from using per-cpu slab
allocators instead of the raw page allocator), it's actually a valid and
real cleanup.

Signed-off-by: Linus "OCD" Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoARM: dts: sun7i: olinuxino-micro: Enable the EMAC
Maxime Ripard [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 09:10:09 +0000 (11:10 +0200)]
ARM: dts: sun7i: olinuxino-micro: Enable the EMAC

The A20-olinuxino-micro has the EMAC wired in. Enable it in the DT so
that we can use it.

Signed-off-by: Maxime Ripard <maxime.ripard@free-electrons.com>
Signed-off-by: Olof Johansson <olof@lixom.net>
11 years agoARM: dts: sun7i: cubieboard2: Enable the EMAC
Maxime Ripard [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 09:10:08 +0000 (11:10 +0200)]
ARM: dts: sun7i: cubieboard2: Enable the EMAC

The Cubieboard2, just like its A10 counterpart, has the Ethernet wired
in. Enable it in the DT.

Signed-off-by: Maxime Ripard <maxime.ripard@free-electrons.com>
Signed-off-by: Olof Johansson <olof@lixom.net>
11 years agoARM: dts: sun7i: Add the muxing options for the EMAC
Maxime Ripard [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 09:10:07 +0000 (11:10 +0200)]
ARM: dts: sun7i: Add the muxing options for the EMAC

The A20 has several muxing options for the EMAC. Yet, the currently
supported boards only use one set of them. Add that pin set to the DTSI.

Signed-off-by: Maxime Ripard <maxime.ripard@free-electrons.com>
Signed-off-by: Olof Johansson <olof@lixom.net>
11 years agoARM: dts: sun7i: Enable the Ethernet in the A20
Maxime Ripard [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 09:10:06 +0000 (11:10 +0200)]
ARM: dts: sun7i: Enable the Ethernet in the A20

The Allwinner A20 SoC also have the EMAC found on the A10 and A10s.
Enable the support for it in the DTSI.

Signed-off-by: Maxime Ripard <maxime.ripard@free-electrons.com>
Signed-off-by: Olof Johansson <olof@lixom.net>
11 years agovfs: don't copy things to user space holding the rcu readlock
Linus Torvalds [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 18:57:01 +0000 (11:57 -0700)]
vfs: don't copy things to user space holding the rcu readlock

Oops.  That wasn't very smart.  We don't actually need the RCU lock any
more by the time we copy the cwd string to user space, but I had
stupidly surrounded the whole thing with it.

Introduced by commit 8b19e34188a3 ("vfs: make getcwd() get the root and
pwd path under rcu")

Is-a-big-hairy-idiot: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

11 years agoMerge branch 'for-next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/cooloney...
Linus Torvalds [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 18:35:33 +0000 (11:35 -0700)]
Merge branch 'for-next' of git://git./linux/kernel/git/cooloney/linux-leds

Pull led updates from Bryan Wu:
 "Sorry for the late pull request, since I'm just back from vacation.

  LED subsystem updates for 3.12:
   - pca9633 driver DT supporting and pca9634 chip supporting
   - restore legacy device attributes for lp5521
   - other fixing and updates"

* 'for-next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/cooloney/linux-leds: (28 commits)
  leds: wm831x-status: Request a REG resource
  leds: trigger: ledtrig-backlight: Fix invalid memory access in fb_event notification callback
  leds-pca963x: Fix device tree parsing
  leds-pca9633: Rename to leds-pca963x
  leds-pca9633: Add mutex to the ledout register
  leds-pca9633: Unique naming of the LEDs
  leds-pca9633: Add support for PCA9634
  leds: lp5562: use LP55xx common macros for device attributes
  Documentation: leds-lp5521,lp5523: update device attribute information
  leds: lp5523: remove unnecessary writing commands
  leds: lp5523: restore legacy device attributes
  leds: lp5523: LED MUX configuration on initializing
  leds: lp5523: make separate API for loading engine
  leds: lp5521: remove unnecessary writing commands
  leds: lp5521: restore legacy device attributes
  leds: lp55xx: add common macros for device attributes
  leds: lp55xx: add common data structure for program
  Documentation: leds: Fix a typo
  leds: ss4200: Fix incorrect placement of __initdata
  leds: clevo-mail: Fix incorrect placement of __initdata
  ...

11 years agoMerge tag 'iommu-updates-v3.12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git...
Linus Torvalds [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 18:29:26 +0000 (11:29 -0700)]
Merge tag 'iommu-updates-v3.12' of git://git./linux/kernel/git/joro/iommu

Pull IOMMU Updates from Joerg Roedel:
 "This round the updates contain:

   - A new driver for the Freescale PAMU IOMMU from Varun Sethi.

     This driver has cooked for a while and required changes to the
     IOMMU-API and infrastructure that were already merged before.

   - Updates for the ARM-SMMU driver from Will Deacon

   - Various fixes, the most important one is probably a fix from Alex
     Williamson for a memory leak in the VT-d page-table freeing code

  In summary not all that much.  The biggest part in the diffstat is the
  new PAMU driver"

* tag 'iommu-updates-v3.12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/joro/iommu:
  intel-iommu: Fix leaks in pagetable freeing
  iommu/amd: Fix resource leak in iommu_init_device()
  iommu/amd: Clean up unnecessary MSI/MSI-X capability find
  iommu/arm-smmu: Simplify VMID and ASID allocation
  iommu/arm-smmu: Don't use VMIDs for stage-1 translations
  iommu/arm-smmu: Tighten up global fault reporting
  iommu/arm-smmu: Remove broken big-endian check
  iommu/fsl: Remove unnecessary 'fsl-pamu' prefixes
  iommu/fsl: Fix whitespace problems noticed by git-am
  iommu/fsl: Freescale PAMU driver and iommu implementation.
  iommu/fsl: Add additional iommu attributes required by the PAMU driver.
  powerpc: Add iommu domain pointer to device archdata
  iommu/exynos: Remove dead code (set_prefbuf)

11 years agoMerge tag 'stable/for-linus-3.12-rc0-tag-three' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux...
Linus Torvalds [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 18:28:24 +0000 (11:28 -0700)]
Merge tag 'stable/for-linus-3.12-rc0-tag-three' of git://git./linux/kernel/git/xen/tip

Pull Xen balloon driver bug-fixes from Stefano Stabellini:
 - fix a preemption bug in xen/balloon.c;
 - remove an harmful BUG_ON in xen/balloon.c that can trigger in
   non-erroneous situations.

* tag 'stable/for-linus-3.12-rc0-tag-three' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/xen/tip:
  xen/balloon: remove BUG_ON in increase_reservation
  xen/balloon: ensure preemption is disabled when using a scratch page

11 years agoMerge tag 'pm+acpi-fixes-3.12-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git...
Linus Torvalds [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 18:22:45 +0000 (11:22 -0700)]
Merge tag 'pm+acpi-fixes-3.12-rc1' of git://git./linux/kernel/git/rafael/linux-pm

Pull ACPI and power management fixes from Rafael Wysocki:
 "All of these commits are fixes that have emerged recently and some of
  them fix bugs introduced during this merge window.

  Specifics:

   1) ACPI-based PCI hotplug (ACPIPHP) fixes related to spurious events

      After the recent ACPIPHP changes we've seen some interesting
      breakage on a system that triggers device check notifications
      during boot for non-existing devices.  Although those
      notifications are really spurious, we should be able to deal with
      them nevertheless and that shouldn't introduce too much overhead.
      Four commits to make that work properly.

   2) Memory hotplug and hibernation mutual exclusion rework

      This was maent to be a cleanup, but it happens to fix a classical
      ABBA deadlock between system suspend/hibernation and ACPI memory
      hotplug which is possible if they are started roughly at the same
      time.  Three commits rework memory hotplug so that it doesn't
      acquire pm_mutex and make hibernation use device_hotplug_lock
      which prevents it from racing with memory hotplug.

   3) ACPI Intel LPSS (Low-Power Subsystem) driver crash fix

      The ACPI LPSS driver crashes during boot on Apple Macbook Air with
      Haswell that has slightly unusual BIOS configuration in which one
      of the LPSS device's _CRS method doesn't return all of the
      information expected by the driver.  Fix from Mika Westerberg, for
      stable.

   4) ACPICA fix related to Store->ArgX operation

      AML interpreter fix for obscure breakage that causes AML to be
      executed incorrectly on some machines (observed in practice).
      From Bob Moore.

   5) ACPI core fix for PCI ACPI device objects lookup

      There still are cases in which there is more than one ACPI device
      object matching a given PCI device and we don't choose the one
      that the BIOS expects us to choose, so this makes the lookup take
      more criteria into account in those cases.

   6) Fix to prevent cpuidle from crashing in some rare cases

      If the result of cpuidle_get_driver() is NULL, which can happen on
      some systems, cpuidle_driver_ref() will crash trying to use that
      pointer and the Daniel Fu's fix prevents that from happening.

   7) cpufreq fixes related to CPU hotplug

      Stephen Boyd reported a number of concurrency problems with
      cpufreq related to CPU hotplug which are addressed by a series of
      fixes from Srivatsa S Bhat and Viresh Kumar.

   8) cpufreq fix for time conversion in time_in_state attribute

      Time conversion carried out by cpufreq when user space attempts to
      read /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/stats/time_in_state
      won't work correcty if cputime_t doesn't map directly to jiffies.
      Fix from Andreas Schwab.

   9) Revert of a troublesome cpufreq commit

      Commit 7c30ed5 (cpufreq: make sure frequency transitions are
      serialized) was intended to address some known concurrency
      problems in cpufreq related to the ordering of transitions, but
      unfortunately it introduced several problems of its own, so I
      decided to revert it now and address the original problems later
      in a more robust way.

  10) Intel Haswell CPU models for intel_pstate from Nell Hardcastle.

  11) cpufreq fixes related to system suspend/resume

      The recent cpufreq changes that made it preserve CPU sysfs
      attributes over suspend/resume cycles introduced a possible NULL
      pointer dereference that caused it to crash during the second
      attempt to suspend.  Three commits from Srivatsa S Bhat fix that
      problem and a couple of related issues.

  12) cpufreq locking fix

      cpufreq_policy_restore() should acquire the lock for reading, but
      it acquires it for writing.  Fix from Lan Tianyu"

* tag 'pm+acpi-fixes-3.12-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/linux-pm: (25 commits)
  cpufreq: Acquire the lock in cpufreq_policy_restore() for reading
  cpufreq: Prevent problems in update_policy_cpu() if last_cpu == new_cpu
  cpufreq: Restructure if/else block to avoid unintended behavior
  cpufreq: Fix crash in cpufreq-stats during suspend/resume
  intel_pstate: Add Haswell CPU models
  Revert "cpufreq: make sure frequency transitions are serialized"
  cpufreq: Use signed type for 'ret' variable, to store negative error values
  cpufreq: Remove temporary fix for race between CPU hotplug and sysfs-writes
  cpufreq: Synchronize the cpufreq store_*() routines with CPU hotplug
  cpufreq: Invoke __cpufreq_remove_dev_finish() after releasing cpu_hotplug.lock
  cpufreq: Split __cpufreq_remove_dev() into two parts
  cpufreq: Fix wrong time unit conversion
  cpufreq: serialize calls to __cpufreq_governor()
  cpufreq: don't allow governor limits to be changed when it is disabled
  ACPI / bind: Prefer device objects with _STA to those without it
  ACPI / hotplug / PCI: Avoid parent bus rescans on spurious device checks
  ACPI / hotplug / PCI: Use _OST to notify firmware about notify status
  ACPI / hotplug / PCI: Avoid doing too much for spurious notifies
  ACPICA: Fix for a Store->ArgX when ArgX contains a reference to a field.
  ACPI / hotplug / PCI: Don't trim devices before scanning the namespace
  ...

11 years agoMerge branch 'perf-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel...
Linus Torvalds [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 17:44:54 +0000 (10:44 -0700)]
Merge branch 'perf-urgent-for-linus' of git://git./linux/kernel/git/tip/tip

Pull perf fixes from Ingo Molnar:
 "Various fixes.

  The -g perf report lockup you reported is only partially addressed,
  patches that fix the excessive runtime are still being worked on"

* 'perf-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  perf/x86: Fix uncore PCI fixed counter handling
  uprobes: Fix utask->depth accounting in handle_trampoline()
  perf/x86: Add constraint for IVB CYCLE_ACTIVITY:CYCLES_LDM_PENDING
  perf: Fix up MMAP2 buffer space reservation
  perf tools: Add attr->mmap2 support
  perf kvm: Fix sample_type manipulation
  perf evlist: Fix id pos in perf_evlist__open()
  perf trace: Handle perf.data files with no tracepoints
  perf session: Separate progress bar update when processing events
  perf trace: Check if MAP_32BIT is defined
  perf hists: Fix formatting of long symbol names
  perf evlist: Fix parsing with no sample_id_all bit set
  perf tools: Add test for parsing with no sample_id_all bit
  perf trace: Check control+C more often

11 years agoMerge branch 'sched-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel...
Linus Torvalds [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 17:44:13 +0000 (10:44 -0700)]
Merge branch 'sched-urgent-for-linus' of git://git./linux/kernel/git/tip/tip

Pull scheduler fix from Ingo Molnar:
 "Performance regression fix"

* 'sched-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  sched: Fix load balancing performance regression in should_we_balance()

11 years agovfs: make getcwd() get the root and pwd path under rcu
Linus Torvalds [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 17:35:47 +0000 (10:35 -0700)]
vfs: make getcwd() get the root and pwd path under rcu

This allows us to skip all the crazy spinlocks and reference count
updates, and instead use the fs sequence read-lock to get an atomic
snapshot of the root and cwd information.

We might want to make the rule that "prepend_path()" is always called
with the RCU lock held, but the RCU lock nests fine and this is the
minimal fix.

Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agovfs: move get_fs_root_and_pwd() to single caller
Linus Torvalds [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 17:12:47 +0000 (10:12 -0700)]
vfs: move get_fs_root_and_pwd() to single caller

Let's not pollute the include files with inline functions that are only
used in a single place.  Especially not if we decide we might want to
change the semantics of said function to make it more efficient..

Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoMerge branch 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mason/linux...
Linus Torvalds [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 16:58:51 +0000 (09:58 -0700)]
Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://git./linux/kernel/git/mason/linux-btrfs

Pull btrfs updates from Chris Mason:
 "This is against 3.11-rc7, but was pulled and tested against your tree
  as of yesterday.  We do have two small incrementals queued up, but I
  wanted to get this bunch out the door before I hop on an airplane.

  This is a fairly large batch of fixes, performance improvements, and
  cleanups from the usual Btrfs suspects.

  We've included Stefan Behren's work to index subvolume UUIDs, which is
  targeted at speeding up send/receive with many subvolumes or snapshots
  in place.  It closes a long standing performance issue that was built
  in to the disk format.

  Mark Fasheh's offline dedup work is also here.  In this case offline
  means the FS is mounted and active, but the dedup work is not done
  inline during file IO.  This is a building block where utilities are
  able to ask the FS to dedup a series of extents.  The kernel takes
  care of verifying the data involved really is the same.  Today this
  involves reading both extents, but we'll continue to evolve the
  patches"

* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mason/linux-btrfs: (118 commits)
  Btrfs: optimize key searches in btrfs_search_slot
  Btrfs: don't use an async starter for most of our workers
  Btrfs: only update disk_i_size as we remove extents
  Btrfs: fix deadlock in uuid scan kthread
  Btrfs: stop refusing the relocation of chunk 0
  Btrfs: fix memory leak of uuid_root in free_fs_info
  btrfs: reuse kbasename helper
  btrfs: return btrfs error code for dev excl ops err
  Btrfs: allow partial ordered extent completion
  Btrfs: convert all bug_ons in free-space-cache.c
  Btrfs: add support for asserts
  Btrfs: adjust the fs_devices->missing count on unmount
  Btrf: cleanup: don't check for root_refs == 0 twice
  Btrfs: fix for patch "cleanup: don't check the same thing twice"
  Btrfs: get rid of one BUG() in write_all_supers()
  Btrfs: allocate prelim_ref with a slab allocater
  Btrfs: pass gfp_t to __add_prelim_ref() to avoid always using GFP_ATOMIC
  Btrfs: fix race conditions in BTRFS_IOC_FS_INFO ioctl
  Btrfs: fix race between removing a dev and writing sbs
  Btrfs: remove ourselves from the cluster list under lock
  ...

11 years agodcache: get/release read lock in read_seqbegin_or_lock() & friend
Waiman Long [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 14:55:35 +0000 (10:55 -0400)]
dcache: get/release read lock in read_seqbegin_or_lock() & friend

This patch modifies read_seqbegin_or_lock() and need_seqretry() to use
newly introduced read_seqlock_excl() and read_sequnlock_excl()
primitives so that they won't change the sequence number even if they
fall back to take the lock.  This is OK as no change to the protected
data structure is being made.

It will prevent one fallback to lock taking from cascading into a series
of lock taking reducing performance because of the sequence number
change.  It will also allow other sequence readers to go forward while
an exclusive reader lock is taken.

This patch also updates some of the inaccurate comments in the code.

Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com>
To: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoseqlock: Add a new locking reader type
Waiman Long [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 14:55:34 +0000 (10:55 -0400)]
seqlock: Add a new locking reader type

The sequence lock (seqlock) was originally designed for the cases where
the readers do not need to block the writers by making the readers retry
the read operation when the data change.

Since then, the use cases have been expanded to include situations where
a thread does not need to change the data (effectively a reader) at all
but have to take the writer lock because it can't tolerate changes to
the protected structure.  Some examples are the d_path() function and
the getcwd() syscall in fs/dcache.c where the functions take the writer
lock on rename_lock even though they don't need to change anything in
the protected data structure at all.  This is inefficient as a reader is
now blocking other sequence number reading readers from moving forward
by pretending to be a writer.

This patch tries to eliminate this inefficiency by introducing a new
type of locking reader to the seqlock locking mechanism.  This new
locking reader will try to take an exclusive lock preventing other
writers and locking readers from going forward.  However, it won't
affect the progress of the other sequence number reading readers as the
sequence number won't be changed.

Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoMerge tag 'sound-3.12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tiwai/sound
Linus Torvalds [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 15:52:41 +0000 (08:52 -0700)]
Merge tag 'sound-3.12' of git://git./linux/kernel/git/tiwai/sound

Pull sound fixes from Takashi Iwai:
 "A few last-minute fixes for 3.12-rc1.  All patches are driver
  specific.

   - HD-audio fixes: MacBook 6,1/6,2 speaker fix, ASUS TX300 dock
     speaker fix, Toshiba Satellite irq fix, Haswell HDMI audio
     cleanups)

   - ASoC fixes: atmel irq fix, fsl DT fix, mc13783 spi fix, kirkwood
     compatible string change, etc"

* tag 'sound-3.12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tiwai/sound:
  ASoC: mc13783: add spi errata fix
  ASoC: rsnd: fixup flag name of rsnd_scu_platform_info
  ALSA: hda - Add CS4208 codec support for MacBook 6,1 and 6,2
  ALSA: hda - Add Toshiba Satellite C870 to MSI blacklist
  ASoC: fsl_spdif: Select regmap-mmio
  ALSA: hda - unmute pin amplifier in infoframe setup for Haswell
  ALSA: hda - define is_haswell() to check if a display audio codec is Haswell
  ALSA: hda - Add dock speaker support for ASUS TX300
  ASoC: kirkwood: change the compatible string of the kirkwood-i2s driver
  ASoC: atmel: disable error interrupt
  ASoC: fsl: imx-audmux: Do not call imx_audmux_parse_dt_defaults() on non-dt kernel

11 years agoMerge git://www.linux-watchdog.org/linux-watchdog
Linus Torvalds [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 15:45:53 +0000 (08:45 -0700)]
Merge git://www.linux-watchdog.org/linux-watchdog

Pull watchdog updates from Wim Van Sebroeck:
 - New watchdog driver for Allwinner A10/A13
 - some devm_ioremap_resource simplifications
 - a s3c2410_wdt change that removes the global variables

* git://www.linux-watchdog.org/linux-watchdog:
  watchdog: s3c2410_wdt: simplify use of devm_ioremap_resource
  watchdog: simplify platform_get_resource_byname/devm_ioremap_resource
  watchdog: ts72xx_wdt: simplify use of devm_ioremap_resource
  watchdog: nuc900_wdt.c: simplify use of devm_ioremap_resource
  watchdog: sunxi: New watchdog driver for Allwinner A10/A13
  watchdog: s3c2410_wdt: remove the global variables

11 years agoMerge branches 'arm/exynos', 'ppc/pamu', 'arm/smmu', 'x86/amd' and 'iommu/fixes'...
Joerg Roedel [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 14:46:34 +0000 (16:46 +0200)]
Merge branches 'arm/exynos', 'ppc/pamu', 'arm/smmu', 'x86/amd' and 'iommu/fixes' into next

11 years agoMerge branch 'next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rzhang/linux
Linus Torvalds [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 14:42:59 +0000 (07:42 -0700)]
Merge branch 'next' of git://git./linux/kernel/git/rzhang/linux

Pull thermal management updates from Zhang Rui:
 "We have a lot of SOC changes and a few thermal core fixes this time.

  The biggest change is about exynos thermal driver restructure.  The
  patch set adds TMU (Thermal management Unit) driver support for
  exynos5440 platform.  There are 3 instances of the TMU controllers so
  necessary cleanup/re-structure is done to handle multiple thermal
  zone.

  The next biggest change is the introduction of the imx thermal driver.
  It adds the imx thermal support using Temperature Monitor (TEMPMON)
  block found on some Freescale i.MX SoCs.  The driver uses syscon
  regmap interface to access TEMPMON control registers and calibration
  data, and supports cpufreq as the cooling device.

  Highlights:

   - restructure exynos thermal driver.

   - introduce new imx thermal driver.

   - fix a bug in thermal core, which powers on the fans unexpectedly
     after resume from suspend"

* 'next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rzhang/linux: (46 commits)
  drivers: thermal: add check when unregistering cpu cooling
  thermal: thermal_core: allow binding with limits on bind_params
  drivers: thermal: make usage of CONFIG_THERMAL_HWMON optional
  drivers: thermal: parent virtual hwmon with thermal zone
  thermal: hwmon: move hwmon support to single file
  thermal: exynos: Clean up non-DT remnants
  thermal: exynos: Fix potential NULL pointer dereference
  thermal: exynos: Fix typos in Kconfig
  thermal: ti-soc-thermal: Ensure to compute thermal trend
  thermal: ti-soc-thermal: Set the bandgap mask counter delay value
  thermal: ti-soc-thermal: Initialize counter_delay field for TI DRA752 sensors
  thermal: step_wise: return instance->target by default
  thermal: step_wise: cdev only needs update on a new target state
  Thermal/cpu_cooling: Return directly for the cpu out of allowed_cpus in the cpufreq_thermal_notifier()
  thermal: exynos_tmu: fix wrong error check for mapped memory
  thermal: imx: implement thermal alarm interrupt handling
  thermal: imx: dynamic passive and SoC specific critical trip points
  Documentation: thermal: Explain the exynos thermal driver model
  ARM: dts: thermal: exynos: Add documentation for Exynos SoC thermal bindings
  thermal: exynos: Support for TMU regulator defined at device tree
  ...

11 years agoMerge branch 'for-next' of git://git.samba.org/sfrench/cifs-2.6
Linus Torvalds [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 14:41:12 +0000 (07:41 -0700)]
Merge branch 'for-next' of git://git.samba.org/sfrench/cifs-2.6

Pull CIFS fixes from Steve French:
 "CIFS update including case insensitive file name matching improvements
  for UTF-8 to Unicode, various small cifs fixes, SMB2/SMB3 leasing
  improvements, support for following SMB2 symlinks, SMB3 packet signing
  improvements"

* 'for-next' of git://git.samba.org/sfrench/cifs-2.6: (25 commits)
  CIFS: Respect epoch value from create lease context v2
  CIFS: Add create lease v2 context for SMB3
  CIFS: Move parsing lease buffer to ops struct
  CIFS: Move creating lease buffer to ops struct
  CIFS: Store lease state itself rather than a mapped oplock value
  CIFS: Replace clientCanCache* bools with an integer
  [CIFS] quiet sparse compile warning
  cifs: Start using per session key for smb2/3 for signature generation
  cifs: Add a variable specific to NTLMSSP for key exchange.
  cifs: Process post session setup code in respective dialect functions.
  CIFS: convert to use le32_add_cpu()
  CIFS: Fix missing lease break
  CIFS: Fix a memory leak when a lease break comes
  cifs: add winucase_convert.pl to Documentation/ directory
  cifs: convert case-insensitive dentry ops to use new case conversion routines
  cifs: add new case-insensitive conversion routines that are based on wchar_t's
  [CIFS] Add Scott to list of cifs contributors
  cifs: Move and expand MAX_SERVER_SIZE definition
  cifs: Expand max share name length to 256
  cifs: Move string length definitions to uapi
  ...

11 years agoARC: SMP failed to boot due to missing IVT setup
Noam Camus [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 07:37:39 +0000 (13:07 +0530)]
ARC: SMP failed to boot due to missing IVT setup

Commit 05b016ecf5e7a "ARC: Setup Vector Table Base in early boot" moved
the Interrupt vector Table setup out of arc_init_IRQ() which is called
for all CPUs, to entry point of boot cpu only, breaking booting of others.

Fix by adding the same to entry point of non-boot CPUs too.

read_arc_build_cfg_regs() printing IVT Base Register didn't help the
casue since it prints a synthetic value if zero which is totally bogus,
so fix that to print the exact Register.

[vgupta: Remove the now stale comment from header of arc_init_IRQ and
also added the commentary for halt-on-reset]

Cc: Gilad Ben-Yossef <gilad@benyossef.com>
Cc: Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> #3.11
Signed-off-by: Noam Camus <noamc@ezchip.com>
Signed-off-by: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoSUNRPC: No, I did not intend to create a 256KiB hashtable
Trond Myklebust [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 14:16:31 +0000 (10:16 -0400)]
SUNRPC: No, I did not intend to create a 256KiB hashtable

Fix the declaration of the gss_auth_hash_table so that it creates
a 16 bucket hashtable, as I had intended.

Reported-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
11 years agosunrpc: Add missing kuids conversion for printing
Geert Uytterhoeven [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 13:09:39 +0000 (15:09 +0200)]
sunrpc: Add missing kuids conversion for printing

m68k/allmodconfig:

net/sunrpc/auth_generic.c: In function â€˜generic_key_timeout’:
net/sunrpc/auth_generic.c:241: warning: format â€˜%d’ expects type â€˜int’, but
argument 2 has type â€˜kuid_t’

commit cdba321e291f0fbf5abda4d88340292b858e3d4d ("sunrpc: Convert kuids and
kgids to uids and gids for printing") forgot to convert one instance.

Signed-off-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
11 years agoMerge branch 'pm-cpufreq'
Rafael J. Wysocki [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 11:04:11 +0000 (13:04 +0200)]
Merge branch 'pm-cpufreq'

* pm-cpufreq:
  cpufreq: Acquire the lock in cpufreq_policy_restore() for reading
  cpufreq: Prevent problems in update_policy_cpu() if last_cpu == new_cpu
  cpufreq: Restructure if/else block to avoid unintended behavior
  cpufreq: Fix crash in cpufreq-stats during suspend/resume

11 years agoperf/x86: Fix uncore PCI fixed counter handling
Stephane Eranian [Mon, 9 Sep 2013 19:53:50 +0000 (12:53 -0700)]
perf/x86: Fix uncore PCI fixed counter handling

There was a bug in the handling of SNB-EP/IVB-EP uncore PCI
fixed counters, e.g., IMC.

It would cause erratic values to be returned for the IMC
clockticks event. This was due to a bogus hwc->config value
which was then written to PCI config space.

The erratic values can be seen via:

  $ perf stat -a -C 0 -e uncore_imc_0/clockticks/ -I 1000 sleep 10

The fixed counter has most fields marked as reserved with
hw reset values of 0. Yet the kernel was defaulting to a
hwc->config = ~0 and that was causing the issues.

This patch sets the hwc->config values for fixed uncore event
to 0. Now, the values of IMC clockticks is correct.

Signed-off-by: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Cc: zheng.z.yan@intel.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20130909195350.GA17643@google.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
11 years agouprobes: Fix utask->depth accounting in handle_trampoline()
Oleg Nesterov [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 15:47:26 +0000 (17:47 +0200)]
uprobes: Fix utask->depth accounting in handle_trampoline()

Currently utask->depth is simply the number of allocated/pending
return_instance's in uprobe_task->return_instances list.

handle_trampoline() should decrement this counter every time we
handle/free an instance, but due to typo it does this only if
->chained == T. This means that in the likely case this counter
is never decremented and the probed task can't report more than
MAX_URETPROBE_DEPTH events.

Reported-by: Mikhail Kulemin <Mikhail.Kulemin@ru.ibm.com>
Reported-by: Hemant Kumar Shaw <hkshaw@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Anton Arapov <anton@redhat.com>
Cc: masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com
Cc: srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Cc: systemtap@sourceware.org
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20130911154726.GA8093@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
11 years agoperf/x86: Add constraint for IVB CYCLE_ACTIVITY:CYCLES_LDM_PENDING
Stephane Eranian [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 15:22:22 +0000 (08:22 -0700)]
perf/x86: Add constraint for IVB CYCLE_ACTIVITY:CYCLES_LDM_PENDING

The IvyBridge event CYCLE_ACTIVITY:CYCLES_LDM_PENDING can only
be measured on counters 0-3 when HT is off. When HT is on, you
only have counters 0-3.

If you program it on the eight counters for 1s on a 3GHz
IVB laptop running a noploop, you see:

           2 747 527 CYCLE_ACTIVITY:CYCLES_LDM_PENDING
           2 747 527 CYCLE_ACTIVITY:CYCLES_LDM_PENDING
           2 747 527 CYCLE_ACTIVITY:CYCLES_LDM_PENDING
           2 747 527 CYCLE_ACTIVITY:CYCLES_LDM_PENDING
       3 280 563 608 CYCLE_ACTIVITY:CYCLES_LDM_PENDING
       3 280 563 608 CYCLE_ACTIVITY:CYCLES_LDM_PENDING
       3 280 563 608 CYCLE_ACTIVITY:CYCLES_LDM_PENDING
       3 280 563 608 CYCLE_ACTIVITY:CYCLES_LDM_PENDING

Clearly the last 4 values are bogus.

Signed-off-by: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com>
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Cc: ak@linux.intel.com
Cc: zheng.z.yan@intel.com
Cc: dhsharp@google.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20130911152222.GA28761@google.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
11 years agoMerge tag 'perf-urgent-for-mingo' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git...
Ingo Molnar [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 05:43:51 +0000 (07:43 +0200)]
Merge tag 'perf-urgent-for-mingo' of git://git./linux/kernel/git/acme/linux into perf/urgent

Pull perf/urgent fixes from Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo:

 * Handle perf.data files with no tracepoints in 'perf trace', fixing a
   segfault.

 * Fix up MMAP2 buffer space reservation, a problem that was caught via
   'perf test' consistency tests.

 * Add attr->mmap2 support in the tools, a patch that should've been merged
   together with the kernel counterpart:

     13d7a24 "perf: Add attr->mmap2 attribute to an event".

   Merging it allowed us to catch the MMAP buffer space reservation problem via
   'perf test'. From Stephane Eranian.

   The tools deals with older kernels by disabling this feature, resetting the
   perf_event_attr.mmap2 bit, when -EINVAL is returned by perf_event_open, just
   like with perf_event_attr.{sample_id_all,exclude_{guest,host}}.

   When such fallback happens the perf_missing_features.mmap2 flag is set to
   true and can be used by tooling that strictly needs this feature to check
   for its availability on the running kernel.

 * Make sure we can find PERF_SAMPLE_ID in the variable part of PERF_RECORD_
   ring buffer records in 'perf kvm', where direct manipulation of sample_type
   was being done.

   Fixed by making use of the perf_evlist__set_sample_bit() helper and by
   setting the evlist->id_pos in perf_evlist__open(), from Adrian Hunter.

Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
11 years agoBye, bye, WfW flag
Linus Torvalds [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 02:55:12 +0000 (19:55 -0700)]
Bye, bye, WfW flag

This reverts the Linux for Workgroups thing.  And no, before somebody
asks, we're not doing Linux95.  Not for a few years, at least.

Sure, the flag added some color to the logo, and could have remained as
a testament to my leet gimp skills.  But no.  And I'll do this early, to
avoid the chance of forgetting when I'm doing the actual rc1 release on
the road.

Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoMerge tag 'ecryptfs-3.12-rc1-crypt-ctx' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel...
Linus Torvalds [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 02:17:04 +0000 (19:17 -0700)]
Merge tag 'ecryptfs-3.12-rc1-crypt-ctx' of git://git./linux/kernel/git/tyhicks/ecryptfs

Pull eCryptfs fixes from Tyler Hicks:
 "Two small fixes to the code that initializes the per-file crypto
  contexts"

* tag 'ecryptfs-3.12-rc1-crypt-ctx' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tyhicks/ecryptfs:
  ecryptfs: avoid ctx initialization race
  ecryptfs: remove check for if an array is NULL

11 years agoMerge branch 'for-v3.12-fix' of git://git.linaro.org/people/mszyprowski/linux-dma...
Linus Torvalds [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 02:11:59 +0000 (19:11 -0700)]
Merge branch 'for-v3.12-fix' of git://git.linaro.org/people/mszyprowski/linux-dma-mapping

Pull DMA-mapping fix from Marek Szyprowski:
 "A build bugfix for the device tree support for reserved memory
  regions.  Due to superfluous include the common code failed to build
  on ARM64 and MIPS architectures.

  The patch that caused the build break has lived at linux-next for
  about two weeks and noone noticed the issue, what convinced me that
  everything was ok"

* 'for-v3.12-fix' of git://git.linaro.org/people/mszyprowski/linux-dma-mapping:
  drivers: of: fix build break if asm/dma-contiguous.h is missing

11 years agoMerge tag 'for-3.12' of git://git.linaro.org/people/sumitsemwal/linux-dma-buf
Linus Torvalds [Thu, 12 Sep 2013 02:09:14 +0000 (19:09 -0700)]
Merge tag 'for-3.12' of git://git.linaro.org/people/sumitsemwal/linux-dma-buf

Pull dma-buf updates from Sumit Semwal:
 "Yet another small one - dma-buf framework now supports size discovery
  of the buffer via llseek"

* tag 'for-3.12' of git://git.linaro.org/people/sumitsemwal/linux-dma-buf:
  dma-buf: Expose buffer size to userspace (v2)
  dma-buf: Check return value of anon_inode_getfile

11 years agoMerge branch 'akpm' (patches from Andrew Morton)
Linus Torvalds [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 23:08:54 +0000 (16:08 -0700)]
Merge branch 'akpm' (patches from Andrew Morton)

Merge first patch-bomb from Andrew Morton:
 - Some pidns/fork/exec tweaks
 - OCFS2 updates
 - Most of MM - there remain quite a few memcg parts which depend on
   pending core cgroups changes.  Which might have been already merged -
   I'll check tomorrow...
 - Various misc stuff all over the place
 - A few block bits which I never got around to sending to Jens -
   relatively minor things.
 - MAINTAINERS maintenance
 - A small number of lib/ updates
 - checkpatch updates
 - epoll
 - firmware/dmi-scan
 - Some kprobes work for S390
 - drivers/rtc updates
 - hfsplus feature work
 - vmcore feature work
 - rbtree upgrades
 - AOE updates
 - pktcdvd cleanups
 - PPS
 - memstick
 - w1
 - New "inittmpfs" feature, which does the obvious
 - More IPC work from Davidlohr.

* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (303 commits)
  lz4: fix compression/decompression signedness mismatch
  ipc: drop ipc_lock_check
  ipc, shm: drop shm_lock_check
  ipc: drop ipc_lock_by_ptr
  ipc, shm: guard against non-existant vma in shmdt(2)
  ipc: document general ipc locking scheme
  ipc,msg: drop msg_unlock
  ipc: rename ids->rw_mutex
  ipc,shm: shorten critical region for shmat
  ipc,shm: cleanup do_shmat pasta
  ipc,shm: shorten critical region for shmctl
  ipc,shm: make shmctl_nolock lockless
  ipc,shm: introduce shmctl_nolock
  ipc: drop ipcctl_pre_down
  ipc,shm: shorten critical region in shmctl_down
  ipc,shm: introduce lockless functions to obtain the ipc object
  initmpfs: use initramfs if rootfstype= or root= specified
  initmpfs: make rootfs use tmpfs when CONFIG_TMPFS enabled
  initmpfs: move rootfs code from fs/ramfs/ to init/
  initmpfs: move bdi setup from init_rootfs to init_ramfs
  ...

11 years agolz4: fix compression/decompression signedness mismatch
Sergey Senozhatsky [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:26:32 +0000 (14:26 -0700)]
lz4: fix compression/decompression signedness mismatch

LZ4 compression and decompression functions require different in
signedness input/output parameters: unsigned char for compression and
signed char for decompression.

Change decompression API to require "(const) unsigned char *".

Signed-off-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Cc: Kyungsik Lee <kyungsik.lee@lge.com>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Yann Collet <yann.collet.73@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoipc: drop ipc_lock_check
Davidlohr Bueso [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:26:31 +0000 (14:26 -0700)]
ipc: drop ipc_lock_check

No remaining users, we now use ipc_obtain_object_check().

Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr.bueso@hp.com>
Cc: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoipc, shm: drop shm_lock_check
Davidlohr Bueso [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:26:30 +0000 (14:26 -0700)]
ipc, shm: drop shm_lock_check

This function was replaced by a the lockless shm_obtain_object_check(),
and no longer has any users.

Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr.bueso@hp.com>
Cc: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoipc: drop ipc_lock_by_ptr
Davidlohr Bueso [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:26:29 +0000 (14:26 -0700)]
ipc: drop ipc_lock_by_ptr

After previous cleanups and optimizations, this function is no longer
heavily used and we don't have a good reason to keep it.  Update the few
remaining callers and get rid of it.

Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr.bueso@hp.com>
Cc: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoipc, shm: guard against non-existant vma in shmdt(2)
Davidlohr Bueso [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:26:28 +0000 (14:26 -0700)]
ipc, shm: guard against non-existant vma in shmdt(2)

When !CONFIG_MMU there's a chance we can derefence a NULL pointer when the
VM area isn't found - check the return value of find_vma().

Also, remove the redundant -EINVAL return: retval is set to the proper
return code and *only* changed to 0, when we actually unmap the segments.

Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr.bueso@hp.com>
Cc: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoipc: document general ipc locking scheme
Davidlohr Bueso [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:26:26 +0000 (14:26 -0700)]
ipc: document general ipc locking scheme

As suggested by Andrew, add a generic initial locking scheme used
throughout all sysv ipc mechanisms.  Documenting the ids rwsem, how rcu
can be enough to do the initial checks and when to actually acquire the
kern_ipc_perm.lock spinlock.

I found that adding it to util.c was generic enough.

Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr.bueso@hp.com>
Tested-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoipc,msg: drop msg_unlock
Davidlohr Bueso [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:26:25 +0000 (14:26 -0700)]
ipc,msg: drop msg_unlock

There is only one user left, drop this function and just call
ipc_unlock_object() and rcu_read_unlock().

Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr.bueso@hp.com>
Tested-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoipc: rename ids->rw_mutex
Davidlohr Bueso [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:26:24 +0000 (14:26 -0700)]
ipc: rename ids->rw_mutex

Since in some situations the lock can be shared for readers, we shouldn't
be calling it a mutex, rename it to rwsem.

Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr.bueso@hp.com>
Tested-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoipc,shm: shorten critical region for shmat
Davidlohr Bueso [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:26:23 +0000 (14:26 -0700)]
ipc,shm: shorten critical region for shmat

Similar to other system calls, acquire the kern_ipc_perm lock after doing
the initial permission and security checks.

[sasha.levin@oracle.com: dont leave do_shmat with rcu lock held]
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr.bueso@hp.com>
Tested-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoipc,shm: cleanup do_shmat pasta
Davidlohr Bueso [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:26:22 +0000 (14:26 -0700)]
ipc,shm: cleanup do_shmat pasta

Clean up some of the messy do_shmat() spaghetti code, getting rid of
out_free and out_put_dentry labels.  This makes shortening the critical
region of this function in the next patch a little easier to do and read.

Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr.bueso@hp.com>
Tested-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoipc,shm: shorten critical region for shmctl
Davidlohr Bueso [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:26:21 +0000 (14:26 -0700)]
ipc,shm: shorten critical region for shmctl

With the *_INFO, *_STAT, IPC_RMID and IPC_SET commands already optimized,
deal with the remaining SHM_LOCK and SHM_UNLOCK commands.  Take the
shm_perm lock after doing the initial auditing and security checks.  The
rest of the logic remains unchanged.

Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr.bueso@hp.com>
Tested-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoipc,shm: make shmctl_nolock lockless
Davidlohr Bueso [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:26:20 +0000 (14:26 -0700)]
ipc,shm: make shmctl_nolock lockless

While the INFO cmd doesn't take the ipc lock, the STAT commands do acquire
it unnecessarily.  We can do the permissions and security checks only
holding the rcu lock.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr.bueso@hp.com>
Tested-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoipc,shm: introduce shmctl_nolock
Davidlohr Bueso [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:26:18 +0000 (14:26 -0700)]
ipc,shm: introduce shmctl_nolock

Similar to semctl and msgctl, when calling msgctl, the *_INFO and *_STAT
commands can be performed without acquiring the ipc object.

Add a shmctl_nolock() function and move the logic of *_INFO and *_STAT out
of msgctl().  Since we are just moving functionality, this change still
takes the lock and it will be properly lockless in the next patch.

Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr.bueso@hp.com>
Tested-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoipc: drop ipcctl_pre_down
Davidlohr Bueso [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:26:17 +0000 (14:26 -0700)]
ipc: drop ipcctl_pre_down

Now that sem, msgque and shm, through *_down(), all use the lockless
variant of ipcctl_pre_down(), go ahead and delete it.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix function name in kerneldoc, cleanups]
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr.bueso@hp.com>
Tested-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoipc,shm: shorten critical region in shmctl_down
Davidlohr Bueso [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:26:16 +0000 (14:26 -0700)]
ipc,shm: shorten critical region in shmctl_down

Instead of holding the ipc lock for the entire function, use the
ipcctl_pre_down_nolock and only acquire the lock for specific commands:
RMID and SET.

Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr.bueso@hp.com>
Tested-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoipc,shm: introduce lockless functions to obtain the ipc object
Davidlohr Bueso [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:26:15 +0000 (14:26 -0700)]
ipc,shm: introduce lockless functions to obtain the ipc object

This is the third and final patchset that deals with reducing the amount
of contention we impose on the ipc lock (kern_ipc_perm.lock).  These
changes mostly deal with shared memory, previous work has already been
done for semaphores and message queues:

  http://lkml.org/lkml/2013/3/20/546 (sems)
  http://lkml.org/lkml/2013/5/15/584 (mqueues)

With these patches applied, a custom shm microbenchmark stressing shmctl
doing IPC_STAT with 4 threads a million times, reduces the execution
time by 50%.  A similar run, this time with IPC_SET, reduces the
execution time from 3 mins and 35 secs to 27 seconds.

Patches 1-8: replaces blindly taking the ipc lock for a smarter
combination of rcu and ipc_obtain_object, only acquiring the spinlock
when updating.

Patch 9: renames the ids rw_mutex to rwsem, which is what it already was.

Patch 10: is a trivial mqueue leftover cleanup

Patch 11: adds a brief lock scheme description, requested by Andrew.

This patch:

Add shm_obtain_object() and shm_obtain_object_check(), which will allow us
to get the ipc object without acquiring the lock.  Just as with other
forms of ipc, these functions are basically wrappers around
ipc_obtain_object*().

Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr.bueso@hp.com>
Tested-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoinitmpfs: use initramfs if rootfstype= or root= specified
Rob Landley [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:26:13 +0000 (14:26 -0700)]
initmpfs: use initramfs if rootfstype= or root= specified

Command line option rootfstype=ramfs to obtain old initramfs behavior, and
use ramfs instead of tmpfs for stub when root= defined (for cosmetic
reasons).

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
Cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Stephen Warren <swarren@nvidia.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Jim Cromie <jim.cromie@gmail.com>
Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoinitmpfs: make rootfs use tmpfs when CONFIG_TMPFS enabled
Rob Landley [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:26:12 +0000 (14:26 -0700)]
initmpfs: make rootfs use tmpfs when CONFIG_TMPFS enabled

Conditionally call the appropriate fs_init function and fill_super
functions.  Add a use once guard to shmem_init() to simply succeed on a
second call.

(Note that IS_ENABLED() is a compile time constant so dead code
elimination removes unused function calls when CONFIG_TMPFS is disabled.)

Signed-off-by: Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
Cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Stephen Warren <swarren@nvidia.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Jim Cromie <jim.cromie@gmail.com>
Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoinitmpfs: move rootfs code from fs/ramfs/ to init/
Rob Landley [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:26:10 +0000 (14:26 -0700)]
initmpfs: move rootfs code from fs/ramfs/ to init/

When the rootfs code was a wrapper around ramfs, having them in the same
file made sense.  Now that it can wrap another filesystem type, move it in
with the init code instead.

This also allows a subsequent patch to access rootfstype= command line
arg.

Signed-off-by: Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
Cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Stephen Warren <swarren@nvidia.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Jim Cromie <jim.cromie@gmail.com>
Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoinitmpfs: move bdi setup from init_rootfs to init_ramfs
Rob Landley [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:26:08 +0000 (14:26 -0700)]
initmpfs: move bdi setup from init_rootfs to init_ramfs

Even though ramfs hasn't got a backing device, commit e0bf68ddec4f ("mm:
bdi init hooks") added one anyway, and put the initialization in
init_rootfs() since that's the first user, leaving it out of init_ramfs()
to avoid duplication.

But initmpfs uses init_tmpfs() instead, so move the init into the
filesystem's init function, add a "once" guard to prevent duplicate
initialization, and call the filesystem init from rootfs init.

This goes part of the way to allowing ramfs to be built as a module.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org; using bit 1 was odd]
Signed-off-by: Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
Cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Stephen Warren <swarren@nvidia.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Jim Cromie <jim.cromie@gmail.com>
Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoinitmpfs: replace MS_NOUSER in initramfs
Rob Landley [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:26:06 +0000 (14:26 -0700)]
initmpfs: replace MS_NOUSER in initramfs

Mounting MS_NOUSER prevents --bind mounts from rootfs.  Prevent new rootfs
mounts with a different mechanism that doesn't affect bind mounts.

Signed-off-by: Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
Cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Stephen Warren <swarren@nvidia.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Jim Cromie <jim.cromie@gmail.com>
Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agolib/radix-tree.c: make radix_tree_node_alloc() work correctly within interrupt
Jan Kara [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:26:05 +0000 (14:26 -0700)]
lib/radix-tree.c: make radix_tree_node_alloc() work correctly within interrupt

With users of radix_tree_preload() run from interrupt (block/blk-ioc.c is
one such possible user), the following race can happen:

radix_tree_preload()
...
radix_tree_insert()
  radix_tree_node_alloc()
    if (rtp->nr) {
      ret = rtp->nodes[rtp->nr - 1];
<interrupt>
...
radix_tree_preload()
...
radix_tree_insert()
  radix_tree_node_alloc()
    if (rtp->nr) {
      ret = rtp->nodes[rtp->nr - 1];

And we give out one radix tree node twice.  That clearly results in radix
tree corruption with different results (usually OOPS) depending on which
two users of radix tree race.

We fix the problem by making radix_tree_node_alloc() always allocate fresh
radix tree nodes when in interrupt.  Using preloading when in interrupt
doesn't make sense since all the allocations have to be atomic anyway and
we cannot steal nodes from process-context users because some users rely
on radix_tree_insert() succeeding after radix_tree_preload().
in_interrupt() check is somewhat ugly but we cannot simply key off passed
gfp_mask as that is acquired from root_gfp_mask() and thus the same for
all preload users.

Another part of the fix is to avoid node preallocation in
radix_tree_preload() when passed gfp_mask doesn't allow waiting.  Again,
preallocation in such case doesn't make sense and when preallocation would
happen in interrupt we could possibly leak some allocated nodes.  However,
some users of radix_tree_preload() require following radix_tree_insert()
to succeed.  To avoid unexpected effects for these users,
radix_tree_preload() only warns if passed gfp mask doesn't allow waiting
and we provide a new function radix_tree_maybe_preload() for those users
which get different gfp mask from different call sites and which are
prepared to handle radix_tree_insert() failure.

Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agodrivers/w1/masters/mxc_w1.c: remove unnecessary platform_set_drvdata()
Jingoo Han [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:26:04 +0000 (14:26 -0700)]
drivers/w1/masters/mxc_w1.c: remove unnecessary platform_set_drvdata()

The driver core clears the driver data to NULL after device_release or on
probe failure.  Thus, it is not needed to manually clear the device driver
data to NULL.

Signed-off-by: Jingoo Han <jg1.han@samsung.com>
Cc: Evgeniy Polyakov <zbr@ioremap.net>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Acked-by: Shawn Guo <shawn.guo@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agodrivers/w1/w1.c: replace strict_strtol() with kstrtol()
Jingoo Han [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:26:03 +0000 (14:26 -0700)]
drivers/w1/w1.c: replace strict_strtol() with kstrtol()

The usage of strict_strtol() is not preferred, because strict_strtol() is
obsolete.  Thus, kstrtol() should be used.

Signed-off-by: Jingoo Han <jg1.han@samsung.com>
Cc: Evgeniy Polyakov <zbr@ioremap.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agomemstick: add support for legacy memorysticks
Maxim Levitsky [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:26:02 +0000 (14:26 -0700)]
memstick: add support for legacy memorysticks

Based partially on MS standard spec quotes from Alex Dubov.

As any code that works with user data this driver isn't recommended to use
to write cards that contain valuable data.

It tries its best though to avoid data corruption and possible damage to
the card.

Tested on MS DUO 64 MB card on Ricoh R592 card reader.

Signed-off-by: Maxim Levitsky <maximlevitsky@gmail.com>
Cc: Valdis Kletnieks <Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Alex Dubov <oakad@yahoo.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agodrivers/memstick/host/rtsx_pci_ms.c: remove unnecessary platform_set_drvdata()
Jingoo Han [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:26:01 +0000 (14:26 -0700)]
drivers/memstick/host/rtsx_pci_ms.c: remove unnecessary platform_set_drvdata()

The driver core clears the driver data to NULL after device_release or on
probe failure.  Thus, it is not needed to manually clear the device driver
data to NULL.

Signed-off-by: Jingoo Han <jg1.han@samsung.com>
Cc: Maxim Levitsky <maximlevitsky@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agodrivers/pps/clients/pps-gpio.c: remove unnecessary platform_set_drvdata()
Jingoo Han [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:26:00 +0000 (14:26 -0700)]
drivers/pps/clients/pps-gpio.c: remove unnecessary platform_set_drvdata()

The driver core clears the driver data to NULL after device_release or on
probe failure.  Thus, it is not needed to manually clear the device driver
data to NULL.

Signed-off-by: Jingoo Han <jg1.han@samsung.com>
Cc: Rodolfo Giometti <giometti@enneenne.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agopktcdvd: fix defective misuses of pkt_<level>
Joe Perches [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:59 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
pktcdvd: fix defective misuses of pkt_<level>

Fix thinkos where pkt_<level> needs a valid pktcdvd_device * and the
pointer is known to be NULL.

Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Reported-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com> (go smatch!)
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agopktcdvd: add struct pktcdvd_device * to pkt_dump_sense()
Joe Perches [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:58 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
pktcdvd: add struct pktcdvd_device * to pkt_dump_sense()

Allow the device name to be emitted with pkt_err when logging the sense
data.

Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agopktcdvd: convert pr_info to pkt_info
Joe Perches [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:57 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
pktcdvd: convert pr_info to pkt_info

Add a new pkt_info macro to prefix the name to the logging output.

Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agopktcdvd: convert pr_notice to pkt_notice
Joe Perches [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:56 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
pktcdvd: convert pr_notice to pkt_notice

Add a new pkt_notice macro to prefix the name to the logging output.

Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agopktcdvd: add struct pktcdvd_device.name to pr_err logging where possible
Joe Perches [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:55 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
pktcdvd: add struct pktcdvd_device.name to pr_err logging where possible

Add a new pkt_err macro to prefix the name to the logging output.  Convert
pr_err where there is a non-null struct pktcdvd_device.

Includes improvements from Andy Shevchenko.

Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Andy Shevchenko <andy.shevchenko@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agopktcdvd: add struct pktcdvd_device * to pkt_dbg
Joe Perches [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:54 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
pktcdvd: add struct pktcdvd_device * to pkt_dbg

Add pd->name to output for these debugging messages.

Remove normally compiled out pkt_dbg(2, ...) function entry tracing
equivalents as it's better done via the function tracer.

Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agopktcdvd: consolidate DPRINTK and VPRINTK macros
Joe Perches [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:53 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
pktcdvd: consolidate DPRINTK and VPRINTK macros

Use the more common pkt_dbg(level, fmt, ...) form.

These messages are emitted at KERN_NOTICE.

Always emit function name with pkt_dbg(2, ...) uses and remove the
sometimes abbreviated embedded function name.

This form always verifies the format and arguments.

Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agopktcdvd: convert printk to pr_<level>
Joe Perches [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:52 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
pktcdvd: convert printk to pr_<level>

Use a more current logging style and add messages levels to the logging
messages.

Simplify pkt_dump_sense by using %*ph and adding a simple function to emit
the sense string.

Includes improvements from Andy Shevchenko and Dan Carpenter.

Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Andy Shevchenko <andy.shevchenko@gmail.com>
Cc: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agopktcdvd: convert ZONE macro to static function get_zone()
Joe Perches [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:51 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
pktcdvd: convert ZONE macro to static function get_zone()

Macros should be converted to functions where feasible to
verify arguments and the like.

Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agopanic: call panic handlers before kmsg_dump
Kees Cook [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:49 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
panic: call panic handlers before kmsg_dump

Since the panic handlers may produce additional information (via printk)
for the kernel log, it should be reported as part of the panic output
saved by kmsg_dump().  Without this re-ordering, nothing that adds
information to a panic will show up in pstore's view when kmsg_dump runs,
and is therefore not visible to crash reporting tools that examine pstore
output.

Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Anton Vorontsov <anton@enomsg.org>
Cc: Colin Cross <ccross@android.com>
Acked-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Stephen Boyd <sboyd@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Vikram Mulukutla <markivx@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoaffs: use loff_t in affs_truncate()
Dan Carpenter [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:48 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
affs: use loff_t in affs_truncate()

It seems pretty unlikely that AFFS supports files over 4GB but we may as
well leave use loff_t just for cleanness sake instead of truncating it to
32 bits.

Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Cc: Marco Stornelli <marco.stornelli@gmail.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoaoe: remove do-nothing NAME="%k" term from example udev rules
Ed Cashin [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:47 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
aoe: remove do-nothing NAME="%k" term from example udev rules

When the example udev rules in the documentation are used without
modification, warnings like the one shown below appear in the system logs:

  /var/log/messages:Aug 22 11:09:11 kung udevd[445]: NAME="%k" \
    is superfluous and breaks kernel supplied names, please remove \
    it from /etc/udev/rules.d/60-aoe.rules:26

Removing the term does not cause any problems with the creation of the
special character and block device nodes.

Signed-off-by: Ed Cashin <ecashin@coraid.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoaoe: do not BUG if memory pressure prevented debugfs file creation
Ed Cashin [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:46 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
aoe: do not BUG if memory pressure prevented debugfs file creation

If the system has trouble allocating memory for the creation of the aoe
debugfs directory or of a file inside it, the debugfs member of an aoedev
can be NULL.

Do not treat a NULL debugfs pointer as a BUG on aoedev shutdown, avoiding
the user impact of an unecessary panic.

Signed-off-by: Ed Cashin <ecashin@coraid.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoaoe: suppress compiler warnings
Andy Shevchenko [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:45 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
aoe: suppress compiler warnings

This patch fixes following compiler warnings:

  drivers/block/aoe/aoecmd.c: In function `aoecmd_ata_rw':
  drivers/block/aoe/aoecmd.c:383:17: warning: variable `t' set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
    struct aoetgt *t;
                   ^
  drivers/block/aoe/aoecmd.c: In function `resend':
  drivers/block/aoe/aoecmd.c:488:21: warning: variable `ah' set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
    struct aoe_atahdr *ah;
                       ^

Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Ed Cashin <ecashin@coraid.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoaoe: remove custom implementation of kbasename()
Andy Shevchenko [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:44 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
aoe: remove custom implementation of kbasename()

In the kernel we have a nice helper that may be used here. This patch
substitutes the custom implementation by the native function call.

Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Ed Cashin <ecashin@coraid.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoaoe: update internal version number to 85
Ed Cashin [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:44 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
aoe: update internal version number to 85

Signed-off-by: Ed Cashin <ecashin@coraid.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoaoe: update copyright date
Ed Cashin [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:43 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
aoe: update copyright date

Signed-off-by: Ed Cashin <ecashin@coraid.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoaoe: fill in per-AoE-target information for debugfs file
Ed Cashin [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:42 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
aoe: fill in per-AoE-target information for debugfs file

This information is presented in a compact format that has evolved for
easy routine scanning by expert humans, mostly developers and support
technicians helping to troubleshoot or test AoE-based systems.

Signed-off-by: Ed Cashin <ecashin@coraid.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoaoe: provide file operations for debugfs files
Ed Cashin [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:41 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
aoe: provide file operations for debugfs files

The place holder in the file contents is filled out in the following
patch.

Signed-off-by: Ed Cashin <ecashin@coraid.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoaoe: add AoE-target files to debugfs
Ed Cashin [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:40 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
aoe: add AoE-target files to debugfs

Signed-off-by: Ed Cashin <ecashin@coraid.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoaoe: create and destroy debugfs directory for aoe
Ed Cashin [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:39 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
aoe: create and destroy debugfs directory for aoe

This series adds the debugging information that the coraid.com-distributed
aoe driver exports via sysfs, but instead of sysfs, it uses debugfs.

With these patches applied, even without AoE targets on the network, KEDR
reports new possible memory leaks, but these are from callers outside the
aoe driver that have used aoe_devnode to get the name of the character
devices through the aoe_class->devnode callback, and I believe they're
responsible for freeing that memory.

This patch:

Create and destroy the debugfs directory.

Signed-off-by: Ed Cashin <ecashin@coraid.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agomm/zswap: use postorder iteration when destroying rbtree
Cody P Schafer [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:33 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
mm/zswap: use postorder iteration when destroying rbtree

Signed-off-by: Cody P Schafer <cody@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Seth Jennings <sjenning@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agorbtree: allow tests to run as builtin
Cody P Schafer [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:19 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
rbtree: allow tests to run as builtin

No reason require rbtree test code to be a module, allow it to be builtin
(streamlines my development process)

Signed-off-by: Cody P Schafer <cody@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Seth Jennings <sjenning@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agorbtree_test: add test for postorder iteration
Cody P Schafer [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:17 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
rbtree_test: add test for postorder iteration

Just check that we examine all nodes in the tree for the postorder
iteration.

Signed-off-by: Cody P Schafer <cody@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Seth Jennings <sjenning@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agorbtree: add rbtree_postorder_for_each_entry_safe() helper
Cody P Schafer [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:11 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
rbtree: add rbtree_postorder_for_each_entry_safe() helper

Because deletion (of the entire tree) is a relatively common use of the
rbtree_postorder iteration, and because doing it safely means fiddling
with temporary storage, provide a helper to simplify postorder rbtree
iteration.

Signed-off-by: Cody P Schafer <cody@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Seth Jennings <sjenning@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agorbtree: add postorder iteration functions
Cody P Schafer [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:10 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
rbtree: add postorder iteration functions

Postorder iteration yields all of a node's children prior to yielding the
node itself, and this particular implementation also avoids examining the
leaf links in a node after that node has been yielded.

In what I expect will be its most common usage, postorder iteration allows
the deletion of every node in an rbtree without modifying the rbtree nodes
(no _requirement_ that they be nulled) while avoiding referencing child
nodes after they have been "deleted" (most commonly, freed).

I have only updated zswap to use this functionality at this point, but
numerous bits of code (most notably in the filesystem drivers) use a hand
rolled postorder iteration that NULLs child links as it traverses the
tree.  Each of those instances could be replaced with this common
implementation.

1 & 2 add rbtree postorder iteration functions.
3 adds testing of the iteration to the rbtree runtime tests
4 allows building the rbtree runtime tests as builtins
5 updates zswap.

This patch:

Add postorder iteration functions for rbtree.  These are useful for safely
freeing an entire rbtree without modifying the tree at all.

Signed-off-by: Cody P Schafer <cody@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Seth Jennings <sjenning@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agoblock/partitions/efi.c: consistently use pr_foo()
Andrew Morton [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:04 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
block/partitions/efi.c: consistently use pr_foo()

Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Cc: Karel Zak <kzak@redhat.com>
Cc: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agopartitions/efi: some style cleanups
Davidlohr Bueso [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:03 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
partitions/efi: some style cleanups

Trivial coding style cleanups - still plenty left.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Reviewed-by: Karel Zak <kzak@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agopartitions/efi: delete annoying emacs style comments
Davidlohr Bueso [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:02 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
partitions/efi: delete annoying emacs style comments

I love emacs, but these settings for coding style are annoying when trying
to open the efi.h file.  More important, we already have checkpatch for
that.

Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Reviewed-by: Karel Zak <kzak@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agopartitions/efi: compare first and last usable LBAs
Davidlohr Bueso [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:01 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
partitions/efi: compare first and last usable LBAs

When verifying GPT header integrity, make sure that first usable LBA is
smaller than last usable LBA.

Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Reviewed-by: Karel Zak <kzak@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agopartitions/efi: account for pmbr size in lba
Davidlohr Bueso [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:25:00 +0000 (14:25 -0700)]
partitions/efi: account for pmbr size in lba

The partition that has the 0xEE (GPT protective), must have the size in
lba field set to the lesser of the size of the disk minus one or
0xFFFFFFFF for larger disks.

Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Reviewed-by: Karel Zak <kzak@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agopartitions/efi: detect hybrid MBRs
Davidlohr Bueso [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:24:58 +0000 (14:24 -0700)]
partitions/efi: detect hybrid MBRs

One of the biggest problems with GPT is compatibility with older, non-GPT
systems.  The problem is addressed by creating hybrid mbrs, an extension,
or variant, of the traditional protective mbr.  This contains, apart from
the 0xEE partition, up three additional primary partitions that point to
the same space marked by up to three GPT partitions.  The result is that
legacy OSs can see the three required MBR partitions and at the same time
ignore the GPT-aware partitions that protect the GPT structures.

While hybrid MBRs are hacks, workarounds and simply not part of the GPT
standard, they do exist and we have no way around them.  For instance, by
default, OSX creates a hybrid scheme when using multi-OS booting.

In order for Linux to properly discover protective MBRs, it must be made
aware of devices that have hybrid MBRs.  No functionality is changed by
this patch, just a debug message informing the user of the MBR scheme that
is being used.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Reviewed-by: Karel Zak <kzak@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
11 years agopartitions/efi: do not require gpt partition to begin at sector 1
Davidlohr Bueso [Wed, 11 Sep 2013 21:24:57 +0000 (14:24 -0700)]
partitions/efi: do not require gpt partition to begin at sector 1

When detecting a valid protective MBR, the Linux kernel isn't picky about
the partition (1-4) the 0xEE is at, but, unlike other operating systems,
it does require it to begin at the second sector (sector 1).  This check,
apart from it not being enforced by UEFI, and causing Linux to potentially
fail to detect any *valid* partitions on the disk, can present problems
when dealing with hybrid MBRs[1].

For compatibility reasons, if the first partition is hybridized, the 0xEE
partition must be small enough to ensure that it only protects the GPT
data structures - as opposed to the the whole disk in a protective MBR.
This problem is very well described by Rod Smith[1]: where MBR-only
partitioning programs (such as older versions of fdisk) can see some of
the disk space as unallocated, thus loosing the purpose of the 0xEE
partition's protection of GPT data structures.

By dropping this check, this patch enables Linux to be more flexible when
probing for GPT disklabels.

[1] http://www.rodsbooks.com/gdisk/hybrid.html#reactions

Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Reviewed-by: Karel Zak <kzak@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>