From: Johan Vromans Date: Tue, 6 Jan 1998 16:21:45 +0000 (+0100) Subject: Version 2.13 of GetoptLong: X-Git-Tag: accepted/trunk/20130322.191538~37923 X-Git-Url: http://review.tizen.org/git/?a=commitdiff_plain;h=bb40d3782261f7375a463aaba51719e497fbb48f;p=platform%2Fupstream%2Fperl.git Version 2.13 of GetoptLong: Subject: Re: ANNOUNCE: perl 5.004_56 is available p4raw-id: //depot/perl@401 --- diff --git a/lib/Getopt/Long.pm b/lib/Getopt/Long.pm index 2b05300..38b3967 100644 --- a/lib/Getopt/Long.pm +++ b/lib/Getopt/Long.pm @@ -2,125 +2,870 @@ package Getopt::Long; -# RCS Status : $Id: GetoptLong.pm,v 2.11 1997-09-17 12:23:51+02 jv Exp $ +# RCS Status : $Id: GetoptLong.pm,v 2.13 1997-12-25 16:20:17+01 jv Exp $ # Author : Johan Vromans # Created On : Tue Sep 11 15:00:12 1990 # Last Modified By: Johan Vromans -# Last Modified On: Wed Sep 17 12:20:10 1997 -# Update Count : 608 +# Last Modified On: Thu Dec 25 16:18:08 1997 +# Update Count : 647 # Status : Released -=head1 NAME - -GetOptions - extended processing of command line options - -=head1 SYNOPSIS - - use Getopt::Long; - $result = GetOptions (...option-descriptions...); - -=head1 DESCRIPTION - -The Getopt::Long module implements an extended getopt function called -GetOptions(). This function adheres to the POSIX syntax for command -line options, with GNU extensions. In general, this means that options -have long names instead of single letters, and are introduced with a -double dash "--". Support for bundling of command line options, as was -the case with the more traditional single-letter approach, is provided -but not enabled by default. For example, the UNIX "ps" command can be -given the command line "option" - - -vax - -which means the combination of B<-v>, B<-a> and B<-x>. With the new -syntax B<--vax> would be a single option, probably indicating a -computer architecture. - -Command line options can be used to set values. These values can be -specified in one of two ways: - - --size 24 - --size=24 +################ Copyright ################ -GetOptions is called with a list of option-descriptions, each of which -consists of two elements: the option specifier and the option linkage. -The option specifier defines the name of the option and, optionally, -the value it can take. The option linkage is usually a reference to a -variable that will be set when the option is used. For example, the -following call to GetOptions: +# This program is Copyright 1990,1997 by Johan Vromans. +# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or +# modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License +# as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 +# of the License, or (at your option) any later version. +# +# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, +# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of +# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the +# GNU General Public License for more details. +# +# If you do not have a copy of the GNU General Public License write to +# the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, +# MA 02139, USA. - GetOptions("size=i" => \$offset); +################ Module Preamble ################ -will accept a command line option "size" that must have an integer -value. With a command line of "--size 24" this will cause the variable -$offset to get the value 24. +use strict; -Alternatively, the first argument to GetOptions may be a reference to -a HASH describing the linkage for the options, or an object whose -class is based on a HASH. The following call is equivalent to the -example above: +BEGIN { + require 5.003; + use Exporter (); + use vars qw($VERSION @ISA @EXPORT @EXPORT_OK %EXPORT_TAGS); + $VERSION = sprintf("%d.%02d", q$Revision: 2.13 $ =~ /(\d+)\.(\d+)/); - %optctl = ("size" => \$offset); - GetOptions(\%optctl, "size=i"); + @ISA = qw(Exporter); + @EXPORT = qw(&GetOptions $REQUIRE_ORDER $PERMUTE $RETURN_IN_ORDER); + %EXPORT_TAGS = (); + @EXPORT_OK = qw(); +} -Linkage may be specified using either of the above methods, or both. -Linkage specified in the argument list takes precedence over the -linkage specified in the HASH. +use vars @EXPORT, @EXPORT_OK; +# User visible variables. +use vars qw($error $debug $major_version $minor_version); +# Deprecated visible variables. +use vars qw($autoabbrev $getopt_compat $ignorecase $bundling $order + $passthrough); -The command line options are taken from array @ARGV. Upon completion -of GetOptions, @ARGV will contain the rest (i.e. the non-options) of -the command line. - -Each option specifier designates the name of the option, optionally -followed by an argument specifier. Values for argument specifiers are: +################ Local Variables ################ -=over 8 +my $gen_prefix; # generic prefix (option starters) +my $argend; # option list terminator +my %opctl; # table of arg.specs (long and abbrevs) +my %bopctl; # table of arg.specs (bundles) +my @opctl; # the possible long option names +my $pkg; # current context. Needed if no linkage. +my %aliases; # alias table +my $genprefix; # so we can call the same module more +my $opt; # current option +my $arg; # current option value, if any +my $array; # current option is array typed +my $hash; # current option is hash typed +my $key; # hash key for a hash option + # than once in differing environments +my $config_defaults; # set config defaults +my $find_option; # helper routine +my $croak; # helper routine -=item EnoneE +################ Subroutines ################ -Option does not take an argument. -The option variable will be set to 1. +sub GetOptions { -=item ! + my @optionlist = @_; # local copy of the option descriptions + $argend = '--'; # option list terminator + %opctl = (); # table of arg.specs (long and abbrevs) + %bopctl = (); # table of arg.specs (bundles) + $pkg = (caller)[0]; # current context + # Needed if linkage is omitted. + %aliases= (); # alias table + my @ret = (); # accum for non-options + my %linkage; # linkage + my $userlinkage; # user supplied HASH + $genprefix = $gen_prefix; # so we can call the same module many times + $error = ''; -Option does not take an argument and may be negated, i.e. prefixed by -"no". E.g. "foo!" will allow B<--foo> (with value 1) and B<-nofoo> -(with value 0). -The option variable will be set to 1, or 0 if negated. + print STDERR ('GetOptions $Revision: 2.13 $ ', + "[GetOpt::Long $Getopt::Long::VERSION] -- ", + "called from package \"$pkg\".\n", + " (@ARGV)\n", + " autoabbrev=$autoabbrev". + ",bundling=$bundling", + ",getopt_compat=$getopt_compat", + ",order=$order", + ",\n ignorecase=$ignorecase", + ",passthrough=$passthrough", + ",genprefix=\"$genprefix\"", + ".\n") + if $debug; -=item =s + # Check for ref HASH as first argument. + # First argument may be an object. It's OK to use this as long + # as it is really a hash underneath. + $userlinkage = undef; + if ( ref($optionlist[0]) and + "$optionlist[0]" =~ /^(?:.*\=)?HASH\([^\(]*\)$/ ) { + $userlinkage = shift (@optionlist); + print STDERR ("=> user linkage: $userlinkage\n") if $debug; + } -Option takes a mandatory string argument. -This string will be assigned to the option variable. -Note that even if the string argument starts with B<-> or B<-->, it -will not be considered an option on itself. + # See if the first element of the optionlist contains option + # starter characters. + if ( $optionlist[0] =~ /^\W+$/ ) { + $genprefix = shift (@optionlist); + # Turn into regexp. Needs to be parenthesized! + $genprefix =~ s/(\W)/\\$1/g; + $genprefix = "([" . $genprefix . "])"; + } -=item :s + # Verify correctness of optionlist. + %opctl = (); + %bopctl = (); + while ( @optionlist > 0 ) { + my $opt = shift (@optionlist); -Option takes an optional string argument. -This string will be assigned to the option variable. -If omitted, it will be assigned "" (an empty string). -If the string argument starts with B<-> or B<-->, it -will be considered an option on itself. + # Strip leading prefix so people can specify "--foo=i" if they like. + $opt = $2 if $opt =~ /^$genprefix+(.*)$/; -=item =i + if ( $opt eq '<>' ) { + if ( (defined $userlinkage) + && !(@optionlist > 0 && ref($optionlist[0])) + && (exists $userlinkage->{$opt}) + && ref($userlinkage->{$opt}) ) { + unshift (@optionlist, $userlinkage->{$opt}); + } + unless ( @optionlist > 0 + && ref($optionlist[0]) && ref($optionlist[0]) eq 'CODE' ) { + $error .= "Option spec <> requires a reference to a subroutine\n"; + next; + } + $linkage{'<>'} = shift (@optionlist); + next; + } -Option takes a mandatory integer argument. -This value will be assigned to the option variable. -Note that the value may start with B<-> to indicate a negative -value. + # Match option spec. Allow '?' as an alias. + if ( $opt !~ /^((\w+[-\w]*)(\|(\?|\w[-\w]*)?)*)?(!|[=:][infse][@%]?)?$/ ) { + $error .= "Error in option spec: \"$opt\"\n"; + next; + } + my ($o, $c, $a) = ($1, $5); + $c = '' unless defined $c; -=item :i + if ( ! defined $o ) { + # empty -> '-' option + $opctl{$o = ''} = $c; + } + else { + # Handle alias names + my @o = split (/\|/, $o); + my $linko = $o = $o[0]; + # Force an alias if the option name is not locase. + $a = $o unless $o eq lc($o); + $o = lc ($o) + if $ignorecase > 1 + || ($ignorecase + && ($bundling ? length($o) > 1 : 1)); -Option takes an optional integer argument. -This value will be assigned to the option variable. -If omitted, the value 0 will be assigned. -Note that the value may start with B<-> to indicate a negative -value. + foreach ( @o ) { + if ( $bundling && length($_) == 1 ) { + $_ = lc ($_) if $ignorecase > 1; + if ( $c eq '!' ) { + $opctl{"no$_"} = $c; + warn ("Ignoring '!' modifier for short option $_\n"); + $c = ''; + } + $opctl{$_} = $bopctl{$_} = $c; + } + else { + $_ = lc ($_) if $ignorecase; + if ( $c eq '!' ) { + $opctl{"no$_"} = $c; + $c = ''; + } + $opctl{$_} = $c; + } + if ( defined $a ) { + # Note alias. + $aliases{$_} = $a; + } + else { + # Set primary name. + $a = $_; + } + } + $o = $linko; + } -=item =f + # If no linkage is supplied in the @optionlist, copy it from + # the userlinkage if available. + if ( defined $userlinkage ) { + unless ( @optionlist > 0 && ref($optionlist[0]) ) { + if ( exists $userlinkage->{$o} && ref($userlinkage->{$o}) ) { + print STDERR ("=> found userlinkage for \"$o\": ", + "$userlinkage->{$o}\n") + if $debug; + unshift (@optionlist, $userlinkage->{$o}); + } + else { + # Do nothing. Being undefined will be handled later. + next; + } + } + } -Option takes a mandatory real number argument. + # Copy the linkage. If omitted, link to global variable. + if ( @optionlist > 0 && ref($optionlist[0]) ) { + print STDERR ("=> link \"$o\" to $optionlist[0]\n") + if $debug; + if ( ref($optionlist[0]) =~ /^(SCALAR|CODE)$/ ) { + $linkage{$o} = shift (@optionlist); + } + elsif ( ref($optionlist[0]) =~ /^(ARRAY)$/ ) { + $linkage{$o} = shift (@optionlist); + $opctl{$o} .= '@' + if $opctl{$o} ne '' and $opctl{$o} !~ /\@$/; + $bopctl{$o} .= '@' + if $bundling and defined $bopctl{$o} and + $bopctl{$o} ne '' and $bopctl{$o} !~ /\@$/; + } + elsif ( ref($optionlist[0]) =~ /^(HASH)$/ ) { + $linkage{$o} = shift (@optionlist); + $opctl{$o} .= '%' + if $opctl{$o} ne '' and $opctl{$o} !~ /\%$/; + $bopctl{$o} .= '%' + if $bundling and defined $bopctl{$o} and + $bopctl{$o} ne '' and $bopctl{$o} !~ /\%$/; + } + else { + $error .= "Invalid option linkage for \"$opt\"\n"; + } + } + else { + # Link to global $opt_XXX variable. + # Make sure a valid perl identifier results. + my $ov = $o; + $ov =~ s/\W/_/g; + if ( $c =~ /@/ ) { + print STDERR ("=> link \"$o\" to \@$pkg","::opt_$ov\n") + if $debug; + eval ("\$linkage{\$o} = \\\@".$pkg."::opt_$ov;"); + } + elsif ( $c =~ /%/ ) { + print STDERR ("=> link \"$o\" to \%$pkg","::opt_$ov\n") + if $debug; + eval ("\$linkage{\$o} = \\\%".$pkg."::opt_$ov;"); + } + else { + print STDERR ("=> link \"$o\" to \$$pkg","::opt_$ov\n") + if $debug; + eval ("\$linkage{\$o} = \\\$".$pkg."::opt_$ov;"); + } + } + } + + # Bail out if errors found. + die ($error) if $error; + $error = 0; + + # Sort the possible long option names. + @opctl = sort(keys (%opctl)) if $autoabbrev; + + # Show the options tables if debugging. + if ( $debug ) { + my ($arrow, $k, $v); + $arrow = "=> "; + while ( ($k,$v) = each(%opctl) ) { + print STDERR ($arrow, "\$opctl{\"$k\"} = \"$v\"\n"); + $arrow = " "; + } + $arrow = "=> "; + while ( ($k,$v) = each(%bopctl) ) { + print STDERR ($arrow, "\$bopctl{\"$k\"} = \"$v\"\n"); + $arrow = " "; + } + } + + # Process argument list + while ( @ARGV > 0 ) { + + #### Get next argument #### + + $opt = shift (@ARGV); + $arg = undef; + $array = $hash = 0; + print STDERR ("=> option \"", $opt, "\"\n") if $debug; + + #### Determine what we have #### + + # Double dash is option list terminator. + if ( $opt eq $argend ) { + # Finish. Push back accumulated arguments and return. + unshift (@ARGV, @ret) + if $order == $PERMUTE; + return ($error == 0); + } + + my $tryopt = $opt; + + # find_option operates on the GLOBAL $opt and $arg! + if ( &$find_option () ) { + + # find_option undefines $opt in case of errors. + next unless defined $opt; + + if ( defined $arg ) { + $opt = $aliases{$opt} if defined $aliases{$opt}; + + if ( defined $linkage{$opt} ) { + print STDERR ("=> ref(\$L{$opt}) -> ", + ref($linkage{$opt}), "\n") if $debug; + + if ( ref($linkage{$opt}) eq 'SCALAR' ) { + print STDERR ("=> \$\$L{$opt} = \"$arg\"\n") if $debug; + ${$linkage{$opt}} = $arg; + } + elsif ( ref($linkage{$opt}) eq 'ARRAY' ) { + print STDERR ("=> push(\@{\$L{$opt}, \"$arg\")\n") + if $debug; + push (@{$linkage{$opt}}, $arg); + } + elsif ( ref($linkage{$opt}) eq 'HASH' ) { + print STDERR ("=> \$\$L{$opt}->{$key} = \"$arg\"\n") + if $debug; + $linkage{$opt}->{$key} = $arg; + } + elsif ( ref($linkage{$opt}) eq 'CODE' ) { + print STDERR ("=> &L{$opt}(\"$opt\", \"$arg\")\n") + if $debug; + &{$linkage{$opt}}($opt, $arg); + } + else { + print STDERR ("Invalid REF type \"", ref($linkage{$opt}), + "\" in linkage\n"); + &$croak ("Getopt::Long -- internal error!\n"); + } + } + # No entry in linkage means entry in userlinkage. + elsif ( $array ) { + if ( defined $userlinkage->{$opt} ) { + print STDERR ("=> push(\@{\$L{$opt}}, \"$arg\")\n") + if $debug; + push (@{$userlinkage->{$opt}}, $arg); + } + else { + print STDERR ("=>\$L{$opt} = [\"$arg\"]\n") + if $debug; + $userlinkage->{$opt} = [$arg]; + } + } + elsif ( $hash ) { + if ( defined $userlinkage->{$opt} ) { + print STDERR ("=> \$L{$opt}->{$key} = \"$arg\"\n") + if $debug; + $userlinkage->{$opt}->{$key} = $arg; + } + else { + print STDERR ("=>\$L{$opt} = {$key => \"$arg\"}\n") + if $debug; + $userlinkage->{$opt} = {$key => $arg}; + } + } + else { + print STDERR ("=>\$L{$opt} = \"$arg\"\n") if $debug; + $userlinkage->{$opt} = $arg; + } + } + } + + # Not an option. Save it if we $PERMUTE and don't have a <>. + elsif ( $order == $PERMUTE ) { + # Try non-options call-back. + my $cb; + if ( (defined ($cb = $linkage{'<>'})) ) { + &$cb ($tryopt); + } + else { + print STDERR ("=> saving \"$tryopt\" ", + "(not an option, may permute)\n") if $debug; + push (@ret, $tryopt); + } + next; + } + + # ...otherwise, terminate. + else { + # Push this one back and exit. + unshift (@ARGV, $tryopt); + return ($error == 0); + } + + } + + # Finish. + if ( $order == $PERMUTE ) { + # Push back accumulated arguments + print STDERR ("=> restoring \"", join('" "', @ret), "\"\n") + if $debug && @ret > 0; + unshift (@ARGV, @ret) if @ret > 0; + } + + return ($error == 0); +} + +sub config (@) { + my (@options) = @_; + my $opt; + foreach $opt ( @options ) { + my $try = lc ($opt); + my $action = 1; + if ( $try =~ /^no_?(.*)$/ ) { + $action = 0; + $try = $1; + } + if ( $try eq 'default' or $try eq 'defaults' ) { + &$config_defaults () if $action; + } + elsif ( $try eq 'auto_abbrev' or $try eq 'autoabbrev' ) { + $autoabbrev = $action; + } + elsif ( $try eq 'getopt_compat' ) { + $getopt_compat = $action; + } + elsif ( $try eq 'ignorecase' or $try eq 'ignore_case' ) { + $ignorecase = $action; + } + elsif ( $try eq 'ignore_case_always' ) { + $ignorecase = $action ? 2 : 0; + } + elsif ( $try eq 'bundling' ) { + $bundling = $action; + } + elsif ( $try eq 'bundling_override' ) { + $bundling = $action ? 2 : 0; + } + elsif ( $try eq 'require_order' ) { + $order = $action ? $REQUIRE_ORDER : $PERMUTE; + } + elsif ( $try eq 'permute' ) { + $order = $action ? $PERMUTE : $REQUIRE_ORDER; + } + elsif ( $try eq 'pass_through' or $try eq 'passthrough' ) { + $passthrough = $action; + } + elsif ( $try eq 'debug' ) { + $debug = $action; + } + else { + &$croak ("Getopt::Long: unknown config parameter \"$opt\"") + } + } +} + +# To prevent Carp from being loaded unnecessarily. +$croak = sub { + require 'Carp.pm'; + $Carp::CarpLevel = 1; + Carp::croak(@_); +}; + +################ Private Subroutines ################ + +$find_option = sub { + + print STDERR ("=> find \"$opt\", genprefix=\"$genprefix\"\n") if $debug; + + return 0 unless $opt =~ /^$genprefix(.*)$/; + + $opt = $2; + my ($starter) = $1; + + print STDERR ("=> split \"$starter\"+\"$opt\"\n") if $debug; + + my $optarg = undef; # value supplied with --opt=value + my $rest = undef; # remainder from unbundling + + # If it is a long option, it may include the value. + if (($starter eq "--" || ($getopt_compat && !$bundling)) + && $opt =~ /^([^=]+)=(.*)$/ ) { + $opt = $1; + $optarg = $2; + print STDERR ("=> option \"", $opt, + "\", optarg = \"$optarg\"\n") if $debug; + } + + #### Look it up ### + + my $tryopt = $opt; # option to try + my $optbl = \%opctl; # table to look it up (long names) + my $type; + + if ( $bundling && $starter eq '-' ) { + # Unbundle single letter option. + $rest = substr ($tryopt, 1); + $tryopt = substr ($tryopt, 0, 1); + $tryopt = lc ($tryopt) if $ignorecase > 1; + print STDERR ("=> $starter$tryopt unbundled from ", + "$starter$tryopt$rest\n") if $debug; + $rest = undef unless $rest ne ''; + $optbl = \%bopctl; # look it up in the short names table + + # If bundling == 2, long options can override bundles. + if ( $bundling == 2 and + defined ($type = $opctl{$tryopt.$rest}) ) { + print STDERR ("=> $starter$tryopt rebundled to ", + "$starter$tryopt$rest\n") if $debug; + $tryopt .= $rest; + undef $rest; + } + } + + # Try auto-abbreviation. + elsif ( $autoabbrev ) { + # Downcase if allowed. + $tryopt = $opt = lc ($opt) if $ignorecase; + # Turn option name into pattern. + my $pat = quotemeta ($opt); + # Look up in option names. + my @hits = grep (/^$pat/, @opctl); + print STDERR ("=> ", scalar(@hits), " hits (@hits) with \"$pat\" ", + "out of ", scalar(@opctl), "\n") if $debug; + + # Check for ambiguous results. + unless ( (@hits <= 1) || (grep ($_ eq $opt, @hits) == 1) ) { + # See if all matches are for the same option. + my %hit; + foreach ( @hits ) { + $_ = $aliases{$_} if defined $aliases{$_}; + $hit{$_} = 1; + } + # Now see if it really is ambiguous. + unless ( keys(%hit) == 1 ) { + return 0 if $passthrough; + warn ("Option ", $opt, " is ambiguous (", + join(", ", @hits), ")\n"); + $error++; + undef $opt; + return 1; + } + @hits = keys(%hit); + } + + # Complete the option name, if appropriate. + if ( @hits == 1 && $hits[0] ne $opt ) { + $tryopt = $hits[0]; + $tryopt = lc ($tryopt) if $ignorecase; + print STDERR ("=> option \"$opt\" -> \"$tryopt\"\n") + if $debug; + } + } + + # Map to all lowercase if ignoring case. + elsif ( $ignorecase ) { + $tryopt = lc ($opt); + } + + # Check validity by fetching the info. + $type = $optbl->{$tryopt} unless defined $type; + unless ( defined $type ) { + return 0 if $passthrough; + warn ("Unknown option: ", $opt, "\n"); + $error++; + return 1; + } + # Apparently valid. + $opt = $tryopt; + print STDERR ("=> found \"$type\" for ", $opt, "\n") if $debug; + + #### Determine argument status #### + + # If it is an option w/o argument, we're almost finished with it. + if ( $type eq '' || $type eq '!' ) { + if ( defined $optarg ) { + return 0 if $passthrough; + warn ("Option ", $opt, " does not take an argument\n"); + $error++; + undef $opt; + } + elsif ( $type eq '' ) { + $arg = 1; # supply explicit value + } + else { + substr ($opt, 0, 2) = ''; # strip NO prefix + $arg = 0; # supply explicit value + } + unshift (@ARGV, $starter.$rest) if defined $rest; + return 1; + } + + # Get mandatory status and type info. + my $mand; + ($mand, $type, $array, $hash) = $type =~ /^(.)(.)(@?)(%?)$/; + + # Check if there is an option argument available. + if ( defined $optarg ? ($optarg eq '') + : !(defined $rest || @ARGV > 0) ) { + # Complain if this option needs an argument. + if ( $mand eq "=" ) { + return 0 if $passthrough; + warn ("Option ", $opt, " requires an argument\n"); + $error++; + undef $opt; + } + if ( $mand eq ":" ) { + $arg = $type eq "s" ? '' : 0; + } + return 1; + } + + # Get (possibly optional) argument. + $arg = (defined $rest ? $rest + : (defined $optarg ? $optarg : shift (@ARGV))); + + # Get key if this is a "name=value" pair for a hash option. + $key = undef; + if ($hash && defined $arg) { + ($key, $arg) = ($arg =~ /^(.*)=(.*)$/o) ? ($1, $2) : ($arg, 1); + } + + #### Check if the argument is valid for this option #### + + if ( $type eq "s" ) { # string + # A mandatory string takes anything. + return 1 if $mand eq "="; + + # An optional string takes almost anything. + return 1 if defined $optarg || defined $rest; + return 1 if $arg eq "-"; # ?? + + # Check for option or option list terminator. + if ($arg eq $argend || + $arg =~ /^$genprefix.+/) { + # Push back. + unshift (@ARGV, $arg); + # Supply empty value. + $arg = ''; + } + } + + elsif ( $type eq "n" || $type eq "i" ) { # numeric/integer + if ( $bundling && defined $rest && $rest =~ /^(-?[0-9]+)(.*)$/ ) { + $arg = $1; + $rest = $2; + unshift (@ARGV, $starter.$rest) if defined $rest && $rest ne ''; + } + elsif ( $arg !~ /^-?[0-9]+$/ ) { + if ( defined $optarg || $mand eq "=" ) { + if ( $passthrough ) { + unshift (@ARGV, defined $rest ? $starter.$rest : $arg) + unless defined $optarg; + return 0; + } + warn ("Value \"", $arg, "\" invalid for option ", + $opt, " (number expected)\n"); + $error++; + undef $opt; + # Push back. + unshift (@ARGV, $starter.$rest) if defined $rest; + } + else { + # Push back. + unshift (@ARGV, defined $rest ? $starter.$rest : $arg); + # Supply default value. + $arg = 0; + } + } + } + + elsif ( $type eq "f" ) { # real number, int is also ok + # We require at least one digit before a point or 'e', + # and at least one digit following the point and 'e'. + # [-]NN[.NN][eNN] + if ( $bundling && defined $rest && + $rest =~ /^(-?[0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)?([eE]-?[0-9]+)?)(.*)$/ ) { + $arg = $1; + $rest = $4; + unshift (@ARGV, $starter.$rest) if defined $rest && $rest ne ''; + } + elsif ( $arg !~ /^-?[0-9.]+(\.[0-9]+)?([eE]-?[0-9]+)?$/ ) { + if ( defined $optarg || $mand eq "=" ) { + if ( $passthrough ) { + unshift (@ARGV, defined $rest ? $starter.$rest : $arg) + unless defined $optarg; + return 0; + } + warn ("Value \"", $arg, "\" invalid for option ", + $opt, " (real number expected)\n"); + $error++; + undef $opt; + # Push back. + unshift (@ARGV, $starter.$rest) if defined $rest; + } + else { + # Push back. + unshift (@ARGV, defined $rest ? $starter.$rest : $arg); + # Supply default value. + $arg = 0.0; + } + } + } + else { + &$croak ("GetOpt::Long internal error (Can't happen)\n"); + } + return 1; +}; + +$config_defaults = sub { + # Handle POSIX compliancy. + if ( defined $ENV{"POSIXLY_CORRECT"} ) { + $gen_prefix = "(--|-)"; + $autoabbrev = 0; # no automatic abbrev of options + $bundling = 0; # no bundling of single letter switches + $getopt_compat = 0; # disallow '+' to start options + $order = $REQUIRE_ORDER; + } + else { + $gen_prefix = "(--|-|\\+)"; + $autoabbrev = 1; # automatic abbrev of options + $bundling = 0; # bundling off by default + $getopt_compat = 1; # allow '+' to start options + $order = $PERMUTE; + } + # Other configurable settings. + $debug = 0; # for debugging + $error = 0; # error tally + $ignorecase = 1; # ignore case when matching options + $passthrough = 0; # leave unrecognized options alone +}; + +################ Initialization ################ + +# Values for $order. See GNU getopt.c for details. +($REQUIRE_ORDER, $PERMUTE, $RETURN_IN_ORDER) = (0..2); +# Version major/minor numbers. +($major_version, $minor_version) = $VERSION =~ /^(\d+)\.(\d+)/; + +# Set defaults. +&$config_defaults (); + +################ Package return ################ + +1; + +__END__ + +=head1 NAME + +GetOptions - extended processing of command line options + +=head1 SYNOPSIS + + use Getopt::Long; + $result = GetOptions (...option-descriptions...); + +=head1 DESCRIPTION + +The Getopt::Long module implements an extended getopt function called +GetOptions(). This function adheres to the POSIX syntax for command +line options, with GNU extensions. In general, this means that options +have long names instead of single letters, and are introduced with a +double dash "--". Support for bundling of command line options, as was +the case with the more traditional single-letter approach, is provided +but not enabled by default. For example, the UNIX "ps" command can be +given the command line "option" + + -vax + +which means the combination of B<-v>, B<-a> and B<-x>. With the new +syntax B<--vax> would be a single option, probably indicating a +computer architecture. + +Command line options can be used to set values. These values can be +specified in one of two ways: + + --size 24 + --size=24 + +GetOptions is called with a list of option-descriptions, each of which +consists of two elements: the option specifier and the option linkage. +The option specifier defines the name of the option and, optionally, +the value it can take. The option linkage is usually a reference to a +variable that will be set when the option is used. For example, the +following call to GetOptions: + + GetOptions("size=i" => \$offset); + +will accept a command line option "size" that must have an integer +value. With a command line of "--size 24" this will cause the variable +$offset to get the value 24. + +Alternatively, the first argument to GetOptions may be a reference to +a HASH describing the linkage for the options, or an object whose +class is based on a HASH. The following call is equivalent to the +example above: + + %optctl = ("size" => \$offset); + GetOptions(\%optctl, "size=i"); + +Linkage may be specified using either of the above methods, or both. +Linkage specified in the argument list takes precedence over the +linkage specified in the HASH. + +The command line options are taken from array @ARGV. Upon completion +of GetOptions, @ARGV will contain the rest (i.e. the non-options) of +the command line. + +Each option specifier designates the name of the option, optionally +followed by an argument specifier. + +Options that do not take arguments will have no argument specifier. +The option variable will be set to 1 if the option is used. + +For the other options, the values for argument specifiers are: + +=over 8 + +=item ! + +Option does not take an argument and may be negated, i.e. prefixed by +"no". E.g. "foo!" will allow B<--foo> (with value 1) and B<-nofoo> +(with value 0). +The option variable will be set to 1, or 0 if negated. + +=item =s + +Option takes a mandatory string argument. +This string will be assigned to the option variable. +Note that even if the string argument starts with B<-> or B<-->, it +will not be considered an option on itself. + +=item :s + +Option takes an optional string argument. +This string will be assigned to the option variable. +If omitted, it will be assigned "" (an empty string). +If the string argument starts with B<-> or B<-->, it +will be considered an option on itself. + +=item =i + +Option takes a mandatory integer argument. +This value will be assigned to the option variable. +Note that the value may start with B<-> to indicate a negative +value. + +=item :i + +Option takes an optional integer argument. +This value will be assigned to the option variable. +If omitted, the value 0 will be assigned. +Note that the value may start with B<-> to indicate a negative +value. + +=item =f + +Option takes a mandatory real number argument. This value will be assigned to the option variable. Note that the value may start with B<-> to indicate a negative value. @@ -216,7 +961,8 @@ The option name is always the true name, not an abbreviation or alias. The option name may actually be a list of option names, separated by "|"s, e.g. "foo|bar|blech=s". In this example, "foo" is the true name of this option. If no linkage is specified, options "foo", "bar" and -"blech" all will set $opt_foo. +"blech" all will set $opt_foo. For convenience, the single character +"?" is allowed as an alias, e.g. "help|?". Option names may be abbreviated to uniqueness, depending on configuration option B. @@ -242,10 +988,20 @@ defined. Options that start with "--" may have an argument appended, separated with an "=", e.g. "--foo=bar". -=head2 Return value +=head2 Return values and Errors + +Configuration errors and errors in the option definitions are +signalled using C and will terminate the calling +program unless the call to C was embedded +in C or C was trapped using C<$SIG{__DIE__}>. + +A return value of 1 (true) indicates success. -A return status of 0 (false) indicates that the function detected -one or more errors. +A return status of 0 (false) indicates that the function detected one +or more errors during option parsing. These errors are signalled using +C and can be trapped with C<$SIG{__WARN__}>. + +Errors that can't happen are signalled using C. =head1 COMPATIBILITY @@ -270,969 +1026,255 @@ CONFIGURATION OPTIONS), options that start with "+" or "-" may also include their arguments, e.g. "+foo=bar". This is for compatiblity with older implementations of the GNU "getopt" routine. -If the first argument to GetOptions is a string consisting of only -non-alphanumeric characters, it is taken to specify the option starter -characters. Everything starting with one of these characters from the -starter will be considered an option. B - -For convenience, option specifiers may have a leading B<-> or B<-->, -so it is possible to write: - - GetOptions qw(-foo=s --bar=i --ar=s); - -=head1 EXAMPLES - -If the option specifier is "one:i" (i.e. takes an optional integer -argument), then the following situations are handled: - - -one -two -> $opt_one = '', -two is next option - -one -2 -> $opt_one = -2 - -Also, assume specifiers "foo=s" and "bar:s" : - - -bar -xxx -> $opt_bar = '', '-xxx' is next option - -foo -bar -> $opt_foo = '-bar' - -foo -- -> $opt_foo = '--' - -In GNU or POSIX format, option names and values can be combined: - - +foo=blech -> $opt_foo = 'blech' - --bar= -> $opt_bar = '' - --bar=-- -> $opt_bar = '--' - -Example of using variable references: - - $ret = GetOptions ('foo=s', \$foo, 'bar=i', 'ar=s', \@ar); - -With command line options "-foo blech -bar 24 -ar xx -ar yy" -this will result in: - - $foo = 'blech' - $opt_bar = 24 - @ar = ('xx','yy') - -Example of using the EE option specifier: - - @ARGV = qw(-foo 1 bar -foo 2 blech); - GetOptions("foo=i", \$myfoo, "<>", \&mysub); - -Results: - - mysub("bar") will be called (with $myfoo being 1) - mysub("blech") will be called (with $myfoo being 2) - -Compare this with: - - @ARGV = qw(-foo 1 bar -foo 2 blech); - GetOptions("foo=i", \$myfoo); - -This will leave the non-options in @ARGV: - - $myfoo -> 2 - @ARGV -> qw(bar blech) - -=head1 CONFIGURATION OPTIONS - -B can be configured by calling subroutine -B. This subroutine takes a list of quoted -strings, each specifying a configuration option to be set, e.g. -B. Options can be reset by prefixing with B, e.g. -B. Case does not matter. Multiple calls to B -are possible. - -Previous versions of Getopt::Long used variables for the purpose of -configuring. Although manipulating these variables still work, it -is strongly encouraged to use the new B routine. Besides, it -is much easier. - -The following options are available: - -=over 12 - -=item default - -This option causes all configuration options to be reset to their -default values. - -=item auto_abbrev - -Allow option names to be abbreviated to uniqueness. -Default is set unless environment variable -POSIXLY_CORRECT has been set, in which case B is reset. - -=item getopt_compat - -Allow '+' to start options. -Default is set unless environment variable -POSIXLY_CORRECT has been set, in which case B is reset. - -=item require_order - -Whether non-options are allowed to be mixed with -options. -Default is set unless environment variable -POSIXLY_CORRECT has been set, in which case b is reset. - -See also B, which is the opposite of B. - -=item permute - -Whether non-options are allowed to be mixed with -options. -Default is set unless environment variable -POSIXLY_CORRECT has been set, in which case B is reset. -Note that B is the opposite of B. - -If B is set, this means that - - -foo arg1 -bar arg2 arg3 - -is equivalent to - - -foo -bar arg1 arg2 arg3 - -If a non-option call-back routine is specified, @ARGV will always be -empty upon succesful return of GetOptions since all options have been -processed, except when B<--> is used: - - -foo arg1 -bar arg2 -- arg3 - -will call the call-back routine for arg1 and arg2, and terminate -leaving arg2 in @ARGV. - -If B is set, options processing -terminates when the first non-option is encountered. - - -foo arg1 -bar arg2 arg3 - -is equivalent to - - -foo -- arg1 -bar arg2 arg3 - -=item bundling (default: reset) - -Setting this variable to a non-zero value will allow single-character -options to be bundled. To distinguish bundles from long option names, -long options must be introduced with B<--> and single-character -options (and bundles) with B<->. For example, - - ps -vax --vax - -would be equivalent to - - ps -v -a -x --vax - -provided "vax", "v", "a" and "x" have been defined to be valid -options. - -Bundled options can also include a value in the bundle; this value has -to be the last part of the bundle, e.g. - - scale -h24 -w80 - -is equivalent to - - scale -h 24 -w 80 - -Note: resetting B also resets B. - -=item bundling_override (default: reset) - -If B is set, bundling is enabled as with -B but now long option names override option bundles. In the -above example, B<-vax> would be interpreted as the option "vax", not -the bundle "v", "a", "x". - -Note: resetting B also resets B. - -B Using option bundling can easily lead to unexpected results, -especially when mixing long options and bundles. Caveat emptor. - -=item ignore_case (default: set) - -If set, case is ignored when matching options. - -Note: resetting B also resets B. - -=item ignore_case_always (default: reset) - -When bundling is in effect, case is ignored on single-character -options also. - -Note: resetting B also resets B. - -=item pass_through (default: reset) - -Unknown options are passed through in @ARGV instead of being flagged -as errors. This makes it possible to write wrapper scripts that -process only part of the user supplied options, and passes the -remaining options to some other program. - -This can be very confusing, especially when B is also set. - -=item debug (default: reset) +If the first argument to GetOptions is a string consisting of only +non-alphanumeric characters, it is taken to specify the option starter +characters. Everything starting with one of these characters from the +starter will be considered an option. B -Enable copious debugging output. +For convenience, option specifiers may have a leading B<-> or B<-->, +so it is possible to write: -=back + GetOptions qw(-foo=s --bar=i --ar=s); -=head1 OTHER USEFUL VARIABLES +=head1 EXAMPLES -=over 12 +If the option specifier is "one:i" (i.e. takes an optional integer +argument), then the following situations are handled: -=item $Getopt::Long::VERSION + -one -two -> $opt_one = '', -two is next option + -one -2 -> $opt_one = -2 -The version number of this Getopt::Long implementation in the format -C.C. This can be used to have Exporter check the -version, e.g. +Also, assume specifiers "foo=s" and "bar:s" : - use Getopt::Long 3.00; + -bar -xxx -> $opt_bar = '', '-xxx' is next option + -foo -bar -> $opt_foo = '-bar' + -foo -- -> $opt_foo = '--' -You can inspect $Getopt::Long::major_version and -$Getopt::Long::minor_version for the individual components. +In GNU or POSIX format, option names and values can be combined: -=item $Getopt::Long::error + +foo=blech -> $opt_foo = 'blech' + --bar= -> $opt_bar = '' + --bar=-- -> $opt_bar = '--' -Internal error flag. May be incremented from a call-back routine to -cause options parsing to fail. +Example of using variable references: -=back + $ret = GetOptions ('foo=s', \$foo, 'bar=i', 'ar=s', \@ar); -=cut +With command line options "-foo blech -bar 24 -ar xx -ar yy" +this will result in: -################ Copyright ################ + $foo = 'blech' + $opt_bar = 24 + @ar = ('xx','yy') -# This program is Copyright 1990,1997 by Johan Vromans. -# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or -# modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License -# as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 -# of the License, or (at your option) any later version. -# -# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, -# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of -# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the -# GNU General Public License for more details. -# -# If you do not have a copy of the GNU General Public License write to -# the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, -# MA 02139, USA. +Example of using the EE option specifier: -################ Module Preamble ################ + @ARGV = qw(-foo 1 bar -foo 2 blech); + GetOptions("foo=i", \$myfoo, "<>", \&mysub); -use strict; +Results: -BEGIN { - require 5.003; - use Exporter (); - use vars qw($VERSION @ISA @EXPORT @EXPORT_OK %EXPORT_TAGS); - $VERSION = sprintf("%d.%02d", q$Revision: 2.11 $ =~ /(\d+)\.(\d+)/); + mysub("bar") will be called (with $myfoo being 1) + mysub("blech") will be called (with $myfoo being 2) - @ISA = qw(Exporter); - @EXPORT = qw(&GetOptions $REQUIRE_ORDER $PERMUTE $RETURN_IN_ORDER); - %EXPORT_TAGS = (); - @EXPORT_OK = qw(); -} +Compare this with: -use vars @EXPORT, @EXPORT_OK; -# User visible variables. -use vars qw($error $debug $major_version $minor_version); -# Deprecated visible variables. -use vars qw($autoabbrev $getopt_compat $ignorecase $bundling $order - $passthrough); + @ARGV = qw(-foo 1 bar -foo 2 blech); + GetOptions("foo=i", \$myfoo); -################ Local Variables ################ +This will leave the non-options in @ARGV: -my $gen_prefix; # generic prefix (option starters) -my $argend; # option list terminator -my %opctl; # table of arg.specs (long and abbrevs) -my %bopctl; # table of arg.specs (bundles) -my @opctl; # the possible long option names -my $pkg; # current context. Needed if no linkage. -my %aliases; # alias table -my $genprefix; # so we can call the same module more -my $opt; # current option -my $arg; # current option value, if any -my $array; # current option is array typed -my $hash; # current option is hash typed -my $key; # hash key for a hash option - # than once in differing environments -my $config_defaults; # set config defaults -my $find_option; # helper routine + $myfoo -> 2 + @ARGV -> qw(bar blech) -################ Subroutines ################ +=head1 CONFIGURATION OPTIONS -sub GetOptions { +B can be configured by calling subroutine +B. This subroutine takes a list of quoted +strings, each specifying a configuration option to be set, e.g. +B. Options can be reset by prefixing with B, e.g. +B. Case does not matter. Multiple calls to B +are possible. - my @optionlist = @_; # local copy of the option descriptions - $argend = '--'; # option list terminator - %opctl = (); # table of arg.specs (long and abbrevs) - %bopctl = (); # table of arg.specs (bundles) - $pkg = (caller)[0]; # current context - # Needed if linkage is omitted. - %aliases= (); # alias table - my @ret = (); # accum for non-options - my %linkage; # linkage - my $userlinkage; # user supplied HASH - $genprefix = $gen_prefix; # so we can call the same module many times - $error = 0; +Previous versions of Getopt::Long used variables for the purpose of +configuring. Although manipulating these variables still work, it +is strongly encouraged to use the new B routine. Besides, it +is much easier. - print STDERR ('GetOptions $Revision: 2.11 $ ', - "[GetOpt::Long $Getopt::Long::VERSION] -- ", - "called from package \"$pkg\".\n", - " (@ARGV)\n", - " autoabbrev=$autoabbrev". - ",bundling=$bundling", - ",getopt_compat=$getopt_compat", - ",order=$order", - ",\n ignorecase=$ignorecase", - ",passthrough=$passthrough", - ",genprefix=\"$genprefix\"", - ".\n") - if $debug; +The following options are available: - # Check for ref HASH as first argument. - # First argument may be an object. It's OK to use this as long - # as it is really a hash underneath. - $userlinkage = undef; - if ( ref($optionlist[0]) and - "$optionlist[0]" =~ /^(?:.*\=)?HASH\([^\(]*\)$/ ) { - $userlinkage = shift (@optionlist); - print STDERR ("=> user linkage: $userlinkage\n") if $debug; - } +=over 12 - # See if the first element of the optionlist contains option - # starter characters. - if ( $optionlist[0] =~ /^\W+$/ ) { - $genprefix = shift (@optionlist); - # Turn into regexp. - $genprefix =~ s/(\W)/\\$1/g; - $genprefix = "[" . $genprefix . "]"; - } +=item default - # Verify correctness of optionlist. - %opctl = (); - %bopctl = (); - while ( @optionlist > 0 ) { - my $opt = shift (@optionlist); +This option causes all configuration options to be reset to their +default values. - # Strip leading prefix so people can specify "--foo=i" if they like. - $opt = $' if $opt =~ /^($genprefix)+/; +=item auto_abbrev - if ( $opt eq '<>' ) { - if ( (defined $userlinkage) - && !(@optionlist > 0 && ref($optionlist[0])) - && (exists $userlinkage->{$opt}) - && ref($userlinkage->{$opt}) ) { - unshift (@optionlist, $userlinkage->{$opt}); - } - unless ( @optionlist > 0 - && ref($optionlist[0]) && ref($optionlist[0]) eq 'CODE' ) { - warn ("Option spec <> requires a reference to a subroutine\n"); - $error++; - next; - } - $linkage{'<>'} = shift (@optionlist); - next; - } +Allow option names to be abbreviated to uniqueness. +Default is set unless environment variable +POSIXLY_CORRECT has been set, in which case B is reset. - if ( $opt !~ /^(\w+[-\w|]*)?(!|[=:][infse][@%]?)?$/ ) { - warn ("Error in option spec: \"", $opt, "\"\n"); - $error++; - next; - } - my ($o, $c, $a) = ($1, $2); - $c = '' unless defined $c; +=item getopt_compat - if ( ! defined $o ) { - # empty -> '-' option - $opctl{$o = ''} = $c; - } - else { - # Handle alias names - my @o = split (/\|/, $o); - my $linko = $o = $o[0]; - # Force an alias if the option name is not locase. - $a = $o unless $o eq lc($o); - $o = lc ($o) - if $ignorecase > 1 - || ($ignorecase - && ($bundling ? length($o) > 1 : 1)); +Allow '+' to start options. +Default is set unless environment variable +POSIXLY_CORRECT has been set, in which case B is reset. - foreach ( @o ) { - if ( $bundling && length($_) == 1 ) { - $_ = lc ($_) if $ignorecase > 1; - if ( $c eq '!' ) { - $opctl{"no$_"} = $c; - warn ("Ignoring '!' modifier for short option $_\n"); - $c = ''; - } - $opctl{$_} = $bopctl{$_} = $c; - } - else { - $_ = lc ($_) if $ignorecase; - if ( $c eq '!' ) { - $opctl{"no$_"} = $c; - $c = ''; - } - $opctl{$_} = $c; - } - if ( defined $a ) { - # Note alias. - $aliases{$_} = $a; - } - else { - # Set primary name. - $a = $_; - } - } - $o = $linko; - } +=item require_order - # If no linkage is supplied in the @optionlist, copy it from - # the userlinkage if available. - if ( defined $userlinkage ) { - unless ( @optionlist > 0 && ref($optionlist[0]) ) { - if ( exists $userlinkage->{$o} && ref($userlinkage->{$o}) ) { - print STDERR ("=> found userlinkage for \"$o\": ", - "$userlinkage->{$o}\n") - if $debug; - unshift (@optionlist, $userlinkage->{$o}); - } - else { - # Do nothing. Being undefined will be handled later. - next; - } - } - } +Whether non-options are allowed to be mixed with +options. +Default is set unless environment variable +POSIXLY_CORRECT has been set, in which case b is reset. - # Copy the linkage. If omitted, link to global variable. - if ( @optionlist > 0 && ref($optionlist[0]) ) { - print STDERR ("=> link \"$o\" to $optionlist[0]\n") - if $debug; - if ( ref($optionlist[0]) =~ /^(SCALAR|CODE)$/ ) { - $linkage{$o} = shift (@optionlist); - } - elsif ( ref($optionlist[0]) =~ /^(ARRAY)$/ ) { - $linkage{$o} = shift (@optionlist); - $opctl{$o} .= '@' - if $opctl{$o} ne '' and $opctl{$o} !~ /\@$/; - $bopctl{$o} .= '@' - if $bundling and $bopctl{$o} ne '' and $bopctl{$o} !~ /\@$/; - } - elsif ( ref($optionlist[0]) =~ /^(HASH)$/ ) { - $linkage{$o} = shift (@optionlist); - $opctl{$o} .= '%' - if $opctl{$o} ne '' and $opctl{$o} !~ /\%$/; - $bopctl{$o} .= '%' - if $bundling and $bopctl{$o} ne '' and $bopctl{$o} !~ /\%$/; - } - else { - warn ("Invalid option linkage for \"", $opt, "\"\n"); - $error++; - } - } - else { - # Link to global $opt_XXX variable. - # Make sure a valid perl identifier results. - my $ov = $o; - $ov =~ s/\W/_/g; - if ( $c =~ /@/ ) { - print STDERR ("=> link \"$o\" to \@$pkg","::opt_$ov\n") - if $debug; - eval ("\$linkage{\$o} = \\\@".$pkg."::opt_$ov;"); - } - elsif ( $c =~ /%/ ) { - print STDERR ("=> link \"$o\" to \%$pkg","::opt_$ov\n") - if $debug; - eval ("\$linkage{\$o} = \\\%".$pkg."::opt_$ov;"); - } - else { - print STDERR ("=> link \"$o\" to \$$pkg","::opt_$ov\n") - if $debug; - eval ("\$linkage{\$o} = \\\$".$pkg."::opt_$ov;"); - } - } - } +See also B, which is the opposite of B. - # Bail out if errors found. - return 0 if $error; +=item permute - # Sort the possible long option names. - @opctl = sort(keys (%opctl)) if $autoabbrev; +Whether non-options are allowed to be mixed with +options. +Default is set unless environment variable +POSIXLY_CORRECT has been set, in which case B is reset. +Note that B is the opposite of B. - # Show the options tables if debugging. - if ( $debug ) { - my ($arrow, $k, $v); - $arrow = "=> "; - while ( ($k,$v) = each(%opctl) ) { - print STDERR ($arrow, "\$opctl{\"$k\"} = \"$v\"\n"); - $arrow = " "; - } - $arrow = "=> "; - while ( ($k,$v) = each(%bopctl) ) { - print STDERR ($arrow, "\$bopctl{\"$k\"} = \"$v\"\n"); - $arrow = " "; - } - } +If B is set, this means that - # Process argument list - while ( @ARGV > 0 ) { + -foo arg1 -bar arg2 arg3 - #### Get next argument #### +is equivalent to - $opt = shift (@ARGV); - $arg = undef; - $array = $hash = 0; - print STDERR ("=> option \"", $opt, "\"\n") if $debug; + -foo -bar arg1 arg2 arg3 - #### Determine what we have #### +If a non-option call-back routine is specified, @ARGV will always be +empty upon succesful return of GetOptions since all options have been +processed, except when B<--> is used: - # Double dash is option list terminator. - if ( $opt eq $argend ) { - # Finish. Push back accumulated arguments and return. - unshift (@ARGV, @ret) - if $order == $PERMUTE; - return ($error == 0); - } + -foo arg1 -bar arg2 -- arg3 - my $tryopt = $opt; +will call the call-back routine for arg1 and arg2, and terminate +leaving arg2 in @ARGV. - # find_option operates on the GLOBAL $opt and $arg! - if ( &$find_option () ) { - - # find_option undefines $opt in case of errors. - next unless defined $opt; +If B is set, options processing +terminates when the first non-option is encountered. - if ( defined $arg ) { - $opt = $aliases{$opt} if defined $aliases{$opt}; + -foo arg1 -bar arg2 arg3 - if ( defined $linkage{$opt} ) { - print STDERR ("=> ref(\$L{$opt}) -> ", - ref($linkage{$opt}), "\n") if $debug; +is equivalent to - if ( ref($linkage{$opt}) eq 'SCALAR' ) { - print STDERR ("=> \$\$L{$opt} = \"$arg\"\n") if $debug; - ${$linkage{$opt}} = $arg; - } - elsif ( ref($linkage{$opt}) eq 'ARRAY' ) { - print STDERR ("=> push(\@{\$L{$opt}, \"$arg\")\n") - if $debug; - push (@{$linkage{$opt}}, $arg); - } - elsif ( ref($linkage{$opt}) eq 'HASH' ) { - print STDERR ("=> \$\$L{$opt}->{$key} = \"$arg\"\n") - if $debug; - $linkage{$opt}->{$key} = $arg; - } - elsif ( ref($linkage{$opt}) eq 'CODE' ) { - print STDERR ("=> &L{$opt}(\"$opt\", \"$arg\")\n") - if $debug; - &{$linkage{$opt}}($opt, $arg); - } - else { - print STDERR ("Invalid REF type \"", ref($linkage{$opt}), - "\" in linkage\n"); - die ("Getopt::Long -- internal error!\n"); - } - } - # No entry in linkage means entry in userlinkage. - elsif ( $array ) { - if ( defined $userlinkage->{$opt} ) { - print STDERR ("=> push(\@{\$L{$opt}}, \"$arg\")\n") - if $debug; - push (@{$userlinkage->{$opt}}, $arg); - } - else { - print STDERR ("=>\$L{$opt} = [\"$arg\"]\n") - if $debug; - $userlinkage->{$opt} = [$arg]; - } - } - elsif ( $hash ) { - if ( defined $userlinkage->{$opt} ) { - print STDERR ("=> \$L{$opt}->{$key} = \"$arg\"\n") - if $debug; - $userlinkage->{$opt}->{$key} = $arg; - } - else { - print STDERR ("=>\$L{$opt} = {$key => \"$arg\"}\n") - if $debug; - $userlinkage->{$opt} = {$key => $arg}; - } - } - else { - print STDERR ("=>\$L{$opt} = \"$arg\"\n") if $debug; - $userlinkage->{$opt} = $arg; - } - } - } + -foo -- arg1 -bar arg2 arg3 - # Not an option. Save it if we $PERMUTE and don't have a <>. - elsif ( $order == $PERMUTE ) { - # Try non-options call-back. - my $cb; - if ( (defined ($cb = $linkage{'<>'})) ) { - &$cb($tryopt); - } - else { - print STDERR ("=> saving \"$tryopt\" ", - "(not an option, may permute)\n") if $debug; - push (@ret, $tryopt); - } - next; - } +=item bundling (default: reset) - # ...otherwise, terminate. - else { - # Push this one back and exit. - unshift (@ARGV, $tryopt); - return ($error == 0); - } +Setting this variable to a non-zero value will allow single-character +options to be bundled. To distinguish bundles from long option names, +long options must be introduced with B<--> and single-character +options (and bundles) with B<->. For example, - } + ps -vax --vax - # Finish. - if ( $order == $PERMUTE ) { - # Push back accumulated arguments - print STDERR ("=> restoring \"", join('" "', @ret), "\"\n") - if $debug && @ret > 0; - unshift (@ARGV, @ret) if @ret > 0; - } +would be equivalent to - return ($error == 0); -} + ps -v -a -x --vax -sub config (@) { - my (@options) = @_; - my $opt; - foreach $opt ( @options ) { - my $try = lc ($opt); - my $action = 1; - if ( $try =~ /^no_?/ ) { - $action = 0; - $try = $'; - } - if ( $try eq 'default' or $try eq 'defaults' ) { - &$config_defaults () if $action; - } - elsif ( $try eq 'auto_abbrev' or $try eq 'autoabbrev' ) { - $autoabbrev = $action; - } - elsif ( $try eq 'getopt_compat' ) { - $getopt_compat = $action; - } - elsif ( $try eq 'ignorecase' or $try eq 'ignore_case' ) { - $ignorecase = $action; - } - elsif ( $try eq 'ignore_case_always' ) { - $ignorecase = $action ? 2 : 0; - } - elsif ( $try eq 'bundling' ) { - $bundling = $action; - } - elsif ( $try eq 'bundling_override' ) { - $bundling = $action ? 2 : 0; - } - elsif ( $try eq 'require_order' ) { - $order = $action ? $REQUIRE_ORDER : $PERMUTE; - } - elsif ( $try eq 'permute' ) { - $order = $action ? $PERMUTE : $REQUIRE_ORDER; - } - elsif ( $try eq 'pass_through' or $try eq 'passthrough' ) { - $passthrough = $action; - } - elsif ( $try eq 'debug' ) { - $debug = $action; - } - else { - $Carp::CarpLevel = 1; - Carp::croak("Getopt::Long: unknown config parameter \"$opt\"") - } - } -} +provided "vax", "v", "a" and "x" have been defined to be valid +options. + +Bundled options can also include a value in the bundle; for strings +this value is the rest of the bundle, but integer and floating values +may be combined in the bundle, e.g. + + scale -h24w80 + +is equivalent to -# Modified from Exporter. This one handles 2.001 and 2.01 etc just like 2.1. -sub require_version { - no strict; - my ($self, $wanted) = @_; - my $pkg = ref $self || $self; - my $version = $ {"${pkg}::VERSION"} || "(undef)"; - - $wanted .= '.0' unless $wanted =~ /\./; - $wanted = $1 * 1000 + $2 if $wanted =~ /^(\d+)\.(\d+)$/; - $version = $1 * 1000 + $2 if $version =~ /^(\d+)\.(\d+)$/; - if ( $version < $wanted ) { - $version =~ s/^(\d+)(\d\d\d)$/$1.'.'.(0+$2)/e; - $wanted =~ s/^(\d+)(\d\d\d)$/$1.'.'.(0+$2)/e; - $Carp::CarpLevel = 1; - Carp::croak("$pkg $wanted required--this is only version $version") - } - $version; -} + scale -h 24 -w 80 -################ Private Subroutines ################ +Note: resetting B also resets B. -$find_option = sub { +=item bundling_override (default: reset) - return 0 unless $opt =~ /^$genprefix/; +If B is set, bundling is enabled as with +B but now long option names override option bundles. In the +above example, B<-vax> would be interpreted as the option "vax", not +the bundle "v", "a", "x". - $opt = $'; - my ($starter) = $&; +Note: resetting B also resets B. - my $optarg = undef; # value supplied with --opt=value - my $rest = undef; # remainder from unbundling +B Using option bundling can easily lead to unexpected results, +especially when mixing long options and bundles. Caveat emptor. - # If it is a long option, it may include the value. - if (($starter eq "--" || $getopt_compat) - && $opt =~ /^([^=]+)=/ ) { - $opt = $1; - $optarg = $'; - print STDERR ("=> option \"", $opt, - "\", optarg = \"$optarg\"\n") if $debug; - } +=item ignore_case (default: set) - #### Look it up ### +If set, case is ignored when matching options. - my $tryopt = $opt; # option to try - my $optbl = \%opctl; # table to look it up (long names) - my $type; +Note: resetting B also resets B. - if ( $bundling && $starter eq '-' ) { - # Unbundle single letter option. - $rest = substr ($tryopt, 1); - $tryopt = substr ($tryopt, 0, 1); - $tryopt = lc ($tryopt) if $ignorecase > 1; - print STDERR ("=> $starter$tryopt unbundled from ", - "$starter$tryopt$rest\n") if $debug; - $rest = undef unless $rest ne ''; - $optbl = \%bopctl; # look it up in the short names table +=item ignore_case_always (default: reset) - # If bundling == 2, long options can override bundles. - if ( $bundling == 2 and - defined ($type = $opctl{$tryopt.$rest}) ) { - print STDERR ("=> $starter$tryopt rebundled to ", - "$starter$tryopt$rest\n") if $debug; - $tryopt .= $rest; - undef $rest; - } - } +When bundling is in effect, case is ignored on single-character +options also. - # Try auto-abbreviation. - elsif ( $autoabbrev ) { - # Downcase if allowed. - $tryopt = $opt = lc ($opt) if $ignorecase; - # Turn option name into pattern. - my $pat = quotemeta ($opt); - # Look up in option names. - my @hits = grep (/^$pat/, @opctl); - print STDERR ("=> ", scalar(@hits), " hits (@hits) with \"$pat\" ", - "out of ", scalar(@opctl), "\n") if $debug; +Note: resetting B also resets B. - # Check for ambiguous results. - unless ( (@hits <= 1) || (grep ($_ eq $opt, @hits) == 1) ) { - # See if all matches are for the same option. - my %hit; - foreach ( @hits ) { - $_ = $aliases{$_} if defined $aliases{$_}; - $hit{$_} = 1; - } - # Now see if it really is ambiguous. - unless ( keys(%hit) == 1 ) { - return 0 if $passthrough; - print STDERR ("Option ", $opt, " is ambiguous (", - join(", ", @hits), ")\n"); - $error++; - undef $opt; - return 1; - } - @hits = keys(%hit); - } +=item pass_through (default: reset) - # Complete the option name, if appropriate. - if ( @hits == 1 && $hits[0] ne $opt ) { - $tryopt = $hits[0]; - $tryopt = lc ($tryopt) if $ignorecase; - print STDERR ("=> option \"$opt\" -> \"$tryopt\"\n") - if $debug; - } - } +Unknown options are passed through in @ARGV instead of being flagged +as errors. This makes it possible to write wrapper scripts that +process only part of the user supplied options, and passes the +remaining options to some other program. - # Map to all lowercase if ignoring case. - elsif ( $ignorecase ) { - $tryopt = lc ($opt); - } +This can be very confusing, especially when B is also set. - # Check validity by fetching the info. - $type = $optbl->{$tryopt} unless defined $type; - unless ( defined $type ) { - return 0 if $passthrough; - warn ("Unknown option: ", $opt, "\n"); - $error++; - return 1; - } - # Apparently valid. - $opt = $tryopt; - print STDERR ("=> found \"$type\" for ", $opt, "\n") if $debug; +=item debug (default: reset) - #### Determine argument status #### +Enable copious debugging output. - # If it is an option w/o argument, we're almost finished with it. - if ( $type eq '' || $type eq '!' ) { - if ( defined $optarg ) { - return 0 if $passthrough; - print STDERR ("Option ", $opt, " does not take an argument\n"); - $error++; - undef $opt; - } - elsif ( $type eq '' ) { - $arg = 1; # supply explicit value - } - else { - substr ($opt, 0, 2) = ''; # strip NO prefix - $arg = 0; # supply explicit value - } - unshift (@ARGV, $starter.$rest) if defined $rest; - return 1; - } +=back - # Get mandatory status and type info. - my $mand; - ($mand, $type, $array, $hash) = $type =~ /^(.)(.)(@?)(%?)$/; +=head1 OTHER USEFUL VARIABLES - # Check if there is an option argument available. - if ( defined $optarg ? ($optarg eq '') - : !(defined $rest || @ARGV > 0) ) { - # Complain if this option needs an argument. - if ( $mand eq "=" ) { - return 0 if $passthrough; - print STDERR ("Option ", $opt, " requires an argument\n"); - $error++; - undef $opt; - } - if ( $mand eq ":" ) { - $arg = $type eq "s" ? '' : 0; - } - return 1; - } +=over 12 - # Get (possibly optional) argument. - $arg = (defined $rest ? $rest - : (defined $optarg ? $optarg : shift (@ARGV))); +=item $Getopt::Long::VERSION - # Get key if this is a "name=value" pair for a hash option. - $key = undef; - if ($hash && defined $arg) { - ($key, $arg) = ($arg =~ /=/o) ? ($`, $') : ($arg, 1); - } +The version number of this Getopt::Long implementation in the format +C.C. This can be used to have Exporter check the +version, e.g. - #### Check if the argument is valid for this option #### + use Getopt::Long 3.00; - if ( $type eq "s" ) { # string - # A mandatory string takes anything. - return 1 if $mand eq "="; +You can inspect $Getopt::Long::major_version and +$Getopt::Long::minor_version for the individual components. - # An optional string takes almost anything. - return 1 if defined $optarg || defined $rest; - return 1 if $arg eq "-"; # ?? +=item $Getopt::Long::error - # Check for option or option list terminator. - if ($arg eq $argend || - $arg =~ /^$genprefix.+/) { - # Push back. - unshift (@ARGV, $arg); - # Supply empty value. - $arg = ''; - } - } +Internal error flag. May be incremented from a call-back routine to +cause options parsing to fail. - elsif ( $type eq "n" || $type eq "i" ) { # numeric/integer - if ( $arg !~ /^-?[0-9]+$/ ) { - if ( defined $optarg || $mand eq "=" ) { - if ( $passthrough ) { - unshift (@ARGV, defined $rest ? $starter.$rest : $arg) - unless defined $optarg; - return 0; - } - print STDERR ("Value \"", $arg, "\" invalid for option ", - $opt, " (number expected)\n"); - $error++; - undef $opt; - # Push back. - unshift (@ARGV, $starter.$rest) if defined $rest; - } - else { - # Push back. - unshift (@ARGV, defined $rest ? $starter.$rest : $arg); - # Supply default value. - $arg = 0; - } - } - } +=back - elsif ( $type eq "f" ) { # real number, int is also ok - if ( $arg !~ /^-?[0-9.]+([eE]-?[0-9]+)?$/ ) { - if ( defined $optarg || $mand eq "=" ) { - if ( $passthrough ) { - unshift (@ARGV, defined $rest ? $starter.$rest : $arg) - unless defined $optarg; - return 0; - } - print STDERR ("Value \"", $arg, "\" invalid for option ", - $opt, " (real number expected)\n"); - $error++; - undef $opt; - # Push back. - unshift (@ARGV, $starter.$rest) if defined $rest; - } - else { - # Push back. - unshift (@ARGV, defined $rest ? $starter.$rest : $arg); - # Supply default value. - $arg = 0.0; - } - } - } - else { - die ("GetOpt::Long internal error (Can't happen)\n"); - } - return 1; -}; +=head1 AUTHOR -$config_defaults = sub { - # Handle POSIX compliancy. - if ( defined $ENV{"POSIXLY_CORRECT"} ) { - $gen_prefix = "(--|-)"; - $autoabbrev = 0; # no automatic abbrev of options - $bundling = 0; # no bundling of single letter switches - $getopt_compat = 0; # disallow '+' to start options - $order = $REQUIRE_ORDER; - } - else { - $gen_prefix = "(--|-|\\+)"; - $autoabbrev = 1; # automatic abbrev of options - $bundling = 0; # bundling off by default - $getopt_compat = 1; # allow '+' to start options - $order = $PERMUTE; - } - # Other configurable settings. - $debug = 0; # for debugging - $error = 0; # error tally - $ignorecase = 1; # ignore case when matching options - $passthrough = 0; # leave unrecognized options alone -}; +Johan Vromans Ejvromans@squirrel.nlE -################ Initialization ################ +=head1 COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER -# Values for $order. See GNU getopt.c for details. -($REQUIRE_ORDER, $PERMUTE, $RETURN_IN_ORDER) = (0..2); -# Version major/minor numbers. -($major_version, $minor_version) = $VERSION =~ /^(\d+)\.(\d+)/; +This program is Copyright 1990,1997 by Johan Vromans. +This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or +modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License +as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 +of the License, or (at your option) any later version. -# Set defaults. -&$config_defaults (); +This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, +but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of +MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the +GNU General Public License for more details. -################ Package return ################ +If you do not have a copy of the GNU General Public License write to +the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, +MA 02139, USA. -1; +=cut