From: ShiningRay <tsowly@hotmail.com>
Date: Thu, 4 Feb 2016 13:11:59 +0000 (+0800)
Subject: translate
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+# remote
+
+`remote` 模块提供了一种在渲染进程（网页）和主进程之间进行进程间通讯（IPC）的简便途径。
+
+Electron中, 与GUI相关的模块（如 `dialog`, `menu` 等)只存在于主进程，而不在渲染进程中
+。为了能从渲染进程中使用它们，需要用`ipc`模块来给主进程发送进程间消息。使用 `remote` 
+模块，可以调用主进程对象的方法，而无需显式地发送进程间消息，这类似于 Java 的 [RMI][rmi]。
+下面是从渲染进程创建一个浏览器窗口的例子：
+
+```javascript
+const remote = require('electron').remote;
+const BrowserWindow = remote.BrowserWindow;
+
+var win = new BrowserWindow({ width: 800, height: 600 });
+win.loadURL('https://github.com');
+```
+
+**注意:** 反向操作（从主进程访问渲染进程），可以使用[webContents.executeJavascript](web-contents.md#webcontentsexecutejavascriptcode-usergesture).
+
+## 远程对象
+
+`remote`模块返回的每个对象（包括函数）都代表了主进程中的一个对象（我们称之为远程对象或者远程函数）。
+当调用远程对象的方法、执行远程函数或者使用远程构造器（函数）创建新对象时，其实就是在发送同步的进程间消息。
+
+在上面的例子中， `BrowserWindow` 和 `win` 都是远程对象，然而
+`new BrowserWindow` 并没有在渲染进程中创建 `BrowserWindow` 对象。
+而是在主进程中创建了 `BrowserWindow` 对象，并在渲染进程中返回了对应的远程对象，即
+`win` 对象。
+
+请注意只有 [可枚举属性](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Enumerability_and_ownership_of_properties) 才能通过 remote 进行访问.
+
+## 远程对象的生命周期
+
+Electron 确保在渲染进程中的远程对象存在（换句话说，没有被垃圾收集），那主进程中的对应对象也不会被释放。
+当远程对象被垃圾收集之后，主进程中的对应对象才会被取消关联。
+
+如果远程对象在渲染进程泄露了（即，存在某个表中但永远不会释放），那么主进程中的对应对象也一样会泄露，
+所以你必须小心不要泄露了远程对象。If the remote object is leaked in the renderer process (e.g. stored in a map but
+never freed), the corresponding object in the main process will also be leaked,
+so you should be very careful not to leak remote objects.
+
+不过，主要的值类型如字符串和数字，是传递的副本。
+
+## 给主进程传递回调函数
+
+在主进程中的代码可以从渲染进程——`remote`模块——中接受回调函数，但是使用这个功能的时候必须非常非常小心。Code in the main process can accept callbacks from the renderer - for instance
+the `remote` module - but you should be extremely careful when using this
+feature.
+
+首先，为了避免死锁，传递给主进程的回调函数会进行异步调用。所以不能期望主进程来获得传递过去的回调函数的返回值。First, in order to avoid deadlocks, the callbacks passed to the main process
+are called asynchronously. You should not expect the main process to
+get the return value of the passed callbacks.
+
+比如，在渲染进程For instance you can't use a function from the renderer process in an
+`Array.map` called in the main process:
+
+```javascript
+// 主进程 mapNumbers.js
+exports.withRendererCallback = function(mapper) {
+  return [1,2,3].map(mapper);
+}
+
+exports.withLocalCallback = function() {
+  return exports.mapNumbers(function(x) {
+    return x + 1;
+  });
+}
+```
+
+```javascript
+// 渲染进程
+var mapNumbers = require("remote").require("./mapNumbers");
+
+var withRendererCb = mapNumbers.withRendererCallback(function(x) {
+  return x + 1;
+})
+
+var withLocalCb = mapNumbers.withLocalCallback()
+
+console.log(withRendererCb, withLocalCb) // [true, true, true], [2, 3, 4]
+```
+
+As you can see, the renderer callback's synchronous return value was not as
+expected, and didn't match the return value of an identical callback that lives
+in the main process.
+
+Second, the callbacks passed to the main process will persist until the
+main process garbage-collects them.
+
+For example, the following code seems innocent at first glance. It installs a
+callback for the `close` event on a remote object:
+
+```javascript
+remote.getCurrentWindow().on('close', function() {
+  // blabla...
+});
+```
+
+But remember the callback is referenced by the main process until you
+explicitly uninstall it. If you do not, each time you reload your window the
+callback will be installed again, leaking one callback for each restart.
+
+To make things worse, since the context of previously installed callbacks has
+been released, exceptions will be raised in the main process when the `close`
+event is emitted.
+
+To avoid this problem, ensure you clean up any references to renderer callbacks
+passed to the main process. This involves cleaning up event handlers, or
+ensuring the main process is explicitly told to deference callbacks that came
+from a renderer process that is exiting.
+
+## Accessing built-in modules in the main process
+
+The built-in modules in the main process are added as getters in the `remote`
+module, so you can use them directly like the `electron` module.
+
+```javascript
+const app = remote.app;
+```
+
+## 方法
+
+`remote` 模块有以下方法：
+
+### `remote.require(module)`
+
+* `module` String
+
+返回在主进程中执行 `require(module)` 所返回的对象。
+
+### `remote.getCurrentWindow()`
+
+返回该网页所属的 [`BrowserWindow`](browser-window.md) 对象。
+
+### `remote.getCurrentWebContents()`
+
+返回该网页的 [`WebContents`](web-contents.md) 对象
+
+### `remote.getGlobal(name)`
+
+* `name` String
+
+返回在主进程中名为 `name` 的全局变量(即 `global[name]`) 。
+
+### `remote.process`
+
+返回主进程中的 `process` 对象。等同于
+`remote.getGlobal('process')` 但是有缓存。
+
+[rmi]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_remote_method_invocation