[submodule "deps/ebb"]
path = deps/ebb
url = git://github.com/ry/libebb.git
+[submodule "deps/v8"]
+ path = deps/v8
+ url = git://github.com/rtyler/v8-full.git
--- /dev/null
+Revision history for libeio
+
+TODO: maybe add mincore support? available on at leats darwin, solaris, linux, freebsd
+
+1.0
+ - added msync, mtouch support (untested).
+ - added sync_file_range (untested).
+ - fixed custom support.
+ - use a more robust feed-add detection method.
+ - "outbundled" from IO::AIO.
+
--- /dev/null
+All files in libeio are Copyright (C)2007,2008 Marc Alexander Lehmann.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+met:
+
+ * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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+above. If you wish to allow the use of your version of this package only
+under the terms of the GPL and not to allow others to use your version of
+this file under the BSD license, indicate your decision by deleting the
+provisions above and replace them with the notice and other provisions
+required by the GPL in this and the other files of this package. If you do
+not delete the provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this
+file under either the BSD or the GPL.
--- /dev/null
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+ # Copy depcomp to subdir because otherwise we won't find it if we're
+ # using a relative directory.
+ cp "$am_depcomp" conftest.dir
+ cd conftest.dir
+ # We will build objects and dependencies in a subdirectory because
+ # it helps to detect inapplicable dependency modes. For instance
+ # both Tru64's cc and ICC support -MD to output dependencies as a
+ # side effect of compilation, but ICC will put the dependencies in
+ # the current directory while Tru64 will put them in the object
+ # directory.
+ mkdir sub
+
+ am_cv_$1_dependencies_compiler_type=none
+ if test "$am_compiler_list" = ""; then
+ am_compiler_list=`sed -n ['s/^#*\([a-zA-Z0-9]*\))$/\1/p'] < ./depcomp`
+ fi
+ for depmode in $am_compiler_list; do
+ # Setup a source with many dependencies, because some compilers
+ # like to wrap large dependency lists on column 80 (with \), and
+ # we should not choose a depcomp mode which is confused by this.
+ #
+ # We need to recreate these files for each test, as the compiler may
+ # overwrite some of them when testing with obscure command lines.
+ # This happens at least with the AIX C compiler.
+ : > sub/conftest.c
+ for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6; do
+ echo '#include "conftst'$i'.h"' >> sub/conftest.c
+ : > sub/conftst$i.h
+ done
+ echo "${am__include} ${am__quote}sub/conftest.Po${am__quote}" > confmf
+
+ case $depmode in
+ nosideeffect)
+ # after this tag, mechanisms are not by side-effect, so they'll
+ # only be used when explicitly requested
+ if test "x$enable_dependency_tracking" = xyes; then
+ continue
+ else
+ break
+ fi
+ ;;
+ none) break ;;
+ esac
+ # We check with `-c' and `-o' for the sake of the "dashmstdout"
+ # mode. It turns out that the SunPro C++ compiler does not properly
+ # handle `-M -o', and we need to detect this.
+ if depmode=$depmode \
+ source=sub/conftest.c object=sub/conftest.${OBJEXT-o} \
+ depfile=sub/conftest.Po tmpdepfile=sub/conftest.TPo \
+ $SHELL ./depcomp $depcc -c -o sub/conftest.${OBJEXT-o} sub/conftest.c \
+ >/dev/null 2>conftest.err &&
+ grep sub/conftst6.h sub/conftest.Po > /dev/null 2>&1 &&
+ grep sub/conftest.${OBJEXT-o} sub/conftest.Po > /dev/null 2>&1 &&
+ ${MAKE-make} -s -f confmf > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+ # icc doesn't choke on unknown options, it will just issue warnings
+ # (even with -Werror). So we grep stderr for any message
+ # that says an option was ignored.
+ if grep 'ignoring option' conftest.err >/dev/null 2>&1; then :; else
+ am_cv_$1_dependencies_compiler_type=$depmode
+ break
+ fi
+ fi
+ done
+
+ cd ..
+ rm -rf conftest.dir
+else
+ am_cv_$1_dependencies_compiler_type=none
+fi
+])
+AC_SUBST([$1DEPMODE], [depmode=$am_cv_$1_dependencies_compiler_type])
+AM_CONDITIONAL([am__fastdep$1], [
+ test "x$enable_dependency_tracking" != xno \
+ && test "$am_cv_$1_dependencies_compiler_type" = gcc3])
+])
+
+
+# AM_SET_DEPDIR
+# -------------
+# Choose a directory name for dependency files.
+# This macro is AC_REQUIREd in _AM_DEPENDENCIES
+AC_DEFUN([AM_SET_DEPDIR],
+[AC_REQUIRE([AM_SET_LEADING_DOT])dnl
+AC_SUBST([DEPDIR], ["${am__leading_dot}deps"])dnl
+])
+
+
+# AM_DEP_TRACK
+# ------------
+AC_DEFUN([AM_DEP_TRACK],
+[AC_ARG_ENABLE(dependency-tracking,
+[ --disable-dependency-tracking Speeds up one-time builds
+ --enable-dependency-tracking Do not reject slow dependency extractors])
+if test "x$enable_dependency_tracking" != xno; then
+ am_depcomp="$ac_aux_dir/depcomp"
+ AMDEPBACKSLASH='\'
+fi
+AM_CONDITIONAL([AMDEP], [test "x$enable_dependency_tracking" != xno])
+AC_SUBST([AMDEPBACKSLASH])
+])
+
+# Generate code to set up dependency tracking. -*- Autoconf -*-
+
+# Copyright 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
+# any later version.
+
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
+# 02111-1307, USA.
+
+#serial 2
+
+# _AM_OUTPUT_DEPENDENCY_COMMANDS
+# ------------------------------
+AC_DEFUN([_AM_OUTPUT_DEPENDENCY_COMMANDS],
+[for mf in $CONFIG_FILES; do
+ # Strip MF so we end up with the name of the file.
+ mf=`echo "$mf" | sed -e 's/:.*$//'`
+ # Check whether this is an Automake generated Makefile or not.
+ # We used to match only the files named `Makefile.in', but
+ # some people rename them; so instead we look at the file content.
+ # Grep'ing the first line is not enough: some people post-process
+ # each Makefile.in and add a new line on top of each file to say so.
+ # So let's grep whole file.
+ if grep '^#.*generated by automake' $mf > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+ dirpart=`AS_DIRNAME("$mf")`
+ else
+ continue
+ fi
+ grep '^DEP_FILES *= *[[^ @%:@]]' < "$mf" > /dev/null || continue
+ # Extract the definition of DEP_FILES from the Makefile without
+ # running `make'.
+ DEPDIR=`sed -n -e '/^DEPDIR = / s///p' < "$mf"`
+ test -z "$DEPDIR" && continue
+ # When using ansi2knr, U may be empty or an underscore; expand it
+ U=`sed -n -e '/^U = / s///p' < "$mf"`
+ test -d "$dirpart/$DEPDIR" || mkdir "$dirpart/$DEPDIR"
+ # We invoke sed twice because it is the simplest approach to
+ # changing $(DEPDIR) to its actual value in the expansion.
+ for file in `sed -n -e '
+ /^DEP_FILES = .*\\\\$/ {
+ s/^DEP_FILES = //
+ :loop
+ s/\\\\$//
+ p
+ n
+ /\\\\$/ b loop
+ p
+ }
+ /^DEP_FILES = / s/^DEP_FILES = //p' < "$mf" | \
+ sed -e 's/\$(DEPDIR)/'"$DEPDIR"'/g' -e 's/\$U/'"$U"'/g'`; do
+ # Make sure the directory exists.
+ test -f "$dirpart/$file" && continue
+ fdir=`AS_DIRNAME(["$file"])`
+ AS_MKDIR_P([$dirpart/$fdir])
+ # echo "creating $dirpart/$file"
+ echo '# dummy' > "$dirpart/$file"
+ done
+done
+])# _AM_OUTPUT_DEPENDENCY_COMMANDS
+
+
+# AM_OUTPUT_DEPENDENCY_COMMANDS
+# -----------------------------
+# This macro should only be invoked once -- use via AC_REQUIRE.
+#
+# This code is only required when automatic dependency tracking
+# is enabled. FIXME. This creates each `.P' file that we will
+# need in order to bootstrap the dependency handling code.
+AC_DEFUN([AM_OUTPUT_DEPENDENCY_COMMANDS],
+[AC_CONFIG_COMMANDS([depfiles],
+ [test x"$AMDEP_TRUE" != x"" || _AM_OUTPUT_DEPENDENCY_COMMANDS],
+ [AMDEP_TRUE="$AMDEP_TRUE" ac_aux_dir="$ac_aux_dir"])
+])
+
+# Check to see how 'make' treats includes. -*- Autoconf -*-
+
+# Copyright (C) 2001, 2002, 2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
+# any later version.
+
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
+# 02111-1307, USA.
+
+# serial 2
+
+# AM_MAKE_INCLUDE()
+# -----------------
+# Check to see how make treats includes.
+AC_DEFUN([AM_MAKE_INCLUDE],
+[am_make=${MAKE-make}
+cat > confinc << 'END'
+am__doit:
+ @echo done
+.PHONY: am__doit
+END
+# If we don't find an include directive, just comment out the code.
+AC_MSG_CHECKING([for style of include used by $am_make])
+am__include="#"
+am__quote=
+_am_result=none
+# First try GNU make style include.
+echo "include confinc" > confmf
+# We grep out `Entering directory' and `Leaving directory'
+# messages which can occur if `w' ends up in MAKEFLAGS.
+# In particular we don't look at `^make:' because GNU make might
+# be invoked under some other name (usually "gmake"), in which
+# case it prints its new name instead of `make'.
+if test "`$am_make -s -f confmf 2> /dev/null | grep -v 'ing directory'`" = "done"; then
+ am__include=include
+ am__quote=
+ _am_result=GNU
+fi
+# Now try BSD make style include.
+if test "$am__include" = "#"; then
+ echo '.include "confinc"' > confmf
+ if test "`$am_make -s -f confmf 2> /dev/null`" = "done"; then
+ am__include=.include
+ am__quote="\""
+ _am_result=BSD
+ fi
+fi
+AC_SUBST([am__include])
+AC_SUBST([am__quote])
+AC_MSG_RESULT([$_am_result])
+rm -f confinc confmf
+])
+
+# AM_CONDITIONAL -*- Autoconf -*-
+
+# Copyright 1997, 2000, 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
+# any later version.
+
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
+# 02111-1307, USA.
+
+# serial 5
+
+AC_PREREQ(2.52)
+
+# AM_CONDITIONAL(NAME, SHELL-CONDITION)
+# -------------------------------------
+# Define a conditional.
+AC_DEFUN([AM_CONDITIONAL],
+[ifelse([$1], [TRUE], [AC_FATAL([$0: invalid condition: $1])],
+ [$1], [FALSE], [AC_FATAL([$0: invalid condition: $1])])dnl
+AC_SUBST([$1_TRUE])
+AC_SUBST([$1_FALSE])
+if $2; then
+ $1_TRUE=
+ $1_FALSE='#'
+else
+ $1_TRUE='#'
+ $1_FALSE=
+fi
+AC_CONFIG_COMMANDS_PRE(
+[if test -z "${$1_TRUE}" && test -z "${$1_FALSE}"; then
+ AC_MSG_ERROR([conditional "$1" was never defined.
+Usually this means the macro was only invoked conditionally.])
+fi])])
+
+# Add --enable-maintainer-mode option to configure.
+# From Jim Meyering
+
+# Copyright 1996, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
+# any later version.
+
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
+# 02111-1307, USA.
+
+# serial 2
+
+AC_DEFUN([AM_MAINTAINER_MODE],
+[AC_MSG_CHECKING([whether to enable maintainer-specific portions of Makefiles])
+ dnl maintainer-mode is disabled by default
+ AC_ARG_ENABLE(maintainer-mode,
+[ --enable-maintainer-mode enable make rules and dependencies not useful
+ (and sometimes confusing) to the casual installer],
+ USE_MAINTAINER_MODE=$enableval,
+ USE_MAINTAINER_MODE=no)
+ AC_MSG_RESULT([$USE_MAINTAINER_MODE])
+ AM_CONDITIONAL(MAINTAINER_MODE, [test $USE_MAINTAINER_MODE = yes])
+ MAINT=$MAINTAINER_MODE_TRUE
+ AC_SUBST(MAINT)dnl
+]
+)
+
+AU_DEFUN([jm_MAINTAINER_MODE], [AM_MAINTAINER_MODE])
+
+# libtool.m4 - Configure libtool for the host system. -*-Autoconf-*-
+
+# serial 48 Debian 1.5.22-4 AC_PROG_LIBTOOL
+
+
+# AC_PROVIDE_IFELSE(MACRO-NAME, IF-PROVIDED, IF-NOT-PROVIDED)
+# -----------------------------------------------------------
+# If this macro is not defined by Autoconf, define it here.
+m4_ifdef([AC_PROVIDE_IFELSE],
+ [],
+ [m4_define([AC_PROVIDE_IFELSE],
+ [m4_ifdef([AC_PROVIDE_$1],
+ [$2], [$3])])])
+
+
+# AC_PROG_LIBTOOL
+# ---------------
+AC_DEFUN([AC_PROG_LIBTOOL],
+[AC_REQUIRE([_AC_PROG_LIBTOOL])dnl
+dnl If AC_PROG_CXX has already been expanded, run AC_LIBTOOL_CXX
+dnl immediately, otherwise, hook it in at the end of AC_PROG_CXX.
+ AC_PROVIDE_IFELSE([AC_PROG_CXX],
+ [AC_LIBTOOL_CXX],
+ [define([AC_PROG_CXX], defn([AC_PROG_CXX])[AC_LIBTOOL_CXX
+ ])])
+dnl And a similar setup for Fortran 77 support
+ AC_PROVIDE_IFELSE([AC_PROG_F77],
+ [AC_LIBTOOL_F77],
+ [define([AC_PROG_F77], defn([AC_PROG_F77])[AC_LIBTOOL_F77
+])])
+
+dnl Quote A][M_PROG_GCJ so that aclocal doesn't bring it in needlessly.
+dnl If either AC_PROG_GCJ or A][M_PROG_GCJ have already been expanded, run
+dnl AC_LIBTOOL_GCJ immediately, otherwise, hook it in at the end of both.
+ AC_PROVIDE_IFELSE([AC_PROG_GCJ],
+ [AC_LIBTOOL_GCJ],
+ [AC_PROVIDE_IFELSE([A][M_PROG_GCJ],
+ [AC_LIBTOOL_GCJ],
+ [AC_PROVIDE_IFELSE([LT_AC_PROG_GCJ],
+ [AC_LIBTOOL_GCJ],
+ [ifdef([AC_PROG_GCJ],
+ [define([AC_PROG_GCJ], defn([AC_PROG_GCJ])[AC_LIBTOOL_GCJ])])
+ ifdef([A][M_PROG_GCJ],
+ [define([A][M_PROG_GCJ], defn([A][M_PROG_GCJ])[AC_LIBTOOL_GCJ])])
+ ifdef([LT_AC_PROG_GCJ],
+ [define([LT_AC_PROG_GCJ],
+ defn([LT_AC_PROG_GCJ])[AC_LIBTOOL_GCJ])])])])
+])])# AC_PROG_LIBTOOL
+
+
+# _AC_PROG_LIBTOOL
+# ----------------
+AC_DEFUN([_AC_PROG_LIBTOOL],
+[AC_REQUIRE([AC_LIBTOOL_SETUP])dnl
+AC_BEFORE([$0],[AC_LIBTOOL_CXX])dnl
+AC_BEFORE([$0],[AC_LIBTOOL_F77])dnl
+AC_BEFORE([$0],[AC_LIBTOOL_GCJ])dnl
+
+# This can be used to rebuild libtool when needed
+LIBTOOL_DEPS="$ac_aux_dir/ltmain.sh"
+
+# Always use our own libtool.
+LIBTOOL='$(SHELL) $(top_builddir)/libtool'
+AC_SUBST(LIBTOOL)dnl
+
+# Prevent multiple expansion
+define([AC_PROG_LIBTOOL], [])
+])# _AC_PROG_LIBTOOL
+
+
+# AC_LIBTOOL_SETUP
+# ----------------
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_SETUP],
+[AC_PREREQ(2.50)dnl
+AC_REQUIRE([AC_ENABLE_SHARED])dnl
+AC_REQUIRE([AC_ENABLE_STATIC])dnl
+AC_REQUIRE([AC_ENABLE_FAST_INSTALL])dnl
+AC_REQUIRE([AC_CANONICAL_HOST])dnl
+AC_REQUIRE([AC_CANONICAL_BUILD])dnl
+AC_REQUIRE([AC_PROG_CC])dnl
+AC_REQUIRE([AC_PROG_LD])dnl
+AC_REQUIRE([AC_PROG_LD_RELOAD_FLAG])dnl
+AC_REQUIRE([AC_PROG_NM])dnl
+
+AC_REQUIRE([AC_PROG_LN_S])dnl
+AC_REQUIRE([AC_DEPLIBS_CHECK_METHOD])dnl
+# Autoconf 2.13's AC_OBJEXT and AC_EXEEXT macros only works for C compilers!
+AC_REQUIRE([AC_OBJEXT])dnl
+AC_REQUIRE([AC_EXEEXT])dnl
+dnl
+
+AC_LIBTOOL_SYS_MAX_CMD_LEN
+AC_LIBTOOL_SYS_GLOBAL_SYMBOL_PIPE
+AC_LIBTOOL_OBJDIR
+
+AC_REQUIRE([_LT_AC_SYS_COMPILER])dnl
+_LT_AC_PROG_ECHO_BACKSLASH
+
+case $host_os in
+aix3*)
+ # AIX sometimes has problems with the GCC collect2 program. For some
+ # reason, if we set the COLLECT_NAMES environment variable, the problems
+ # vanish in a puff of smoke.
+ if test "X${COLLECT_NAMES+set}" != Xset; then
+ COLLECT_NAMES=
+ export COLLECT_NAMES
+ fi
+ ;;
+esac
+
+# Sed substitution that helps us do robust quoting. It backslashifies
+# metacharacters that are still active within double-quoted strings.
+Xsed='sed -e 1s/^X//'
+[sed_quote_subst='s/\([\\"\\`$\\\\]\)/\\\1/g']
+
+# Same as above, but do not quote variable references.
+[double_quote_subst='s/\([\\"\\`\\\\]\)/\\\1/g']
+
+# Sed substitution to delay expansion of an escaped shell variable in a
+# double_quote_subst'ed string.
+delay_variable_subst='s/\\\\\\\\\\\$/\\\\\\$/g'
+
+# Sed substitution to avoid accidental globbing in evaled expressions
+no_glob_subst='s/\*/\\\*/g'
+
+# Constants:
+rm="rm -f"
+
+# Global variables:
+default_ofile=libtool
+can_build_shared=yes
+
+# All known linkers require a `.a' archive for static linking (except MSVC,
+# which needs '.lib').
+libext=a
+ltmain="$ac_aux_dir/ltmain.sh"
+ofile="$default_ofile"
+with_gnu_ld="$lt_cv_prog_gnu_ld"
+
+AC_CHECK_TOOL(AR, ar, false)
+AC_CHECK_TOOL(RANLIB, ranlib, :)
+AC_CHECK_TOOL(STRIP, strip, :)
+
+old_CC="$CC"
+old_CFLAGS="$CFLAGS"
+
+# Set sane defaults for various variables
+test -z "$AR" && AR=ar
+test -z "$AR_FLAGS" && AR_FLAGS=cru
+test -z "$AS" && AS=as
+test -z "$CC" && CC=cc
+test -z "$LTCC" && LTCC=$CC
+test -z "$LTCFLAGS" && LTCFLAGS=$CFLAGS
+test -z "$DLLTOOL" && DLLTOOL=dlltool
+test -z "$LD" && LD=ld
+test -z "$LN_S" && LN_S="ln -s"
+test -z "$MAGIC_CMD" && MAGIC_CMD=file
+test -z "$NM" && NM=nm
+test -z "$SED" && SED=sed
+test -z "$OBJDUMP" && OBJDUMP=objdump
+test -z "$RANLIB" && RANLIB=:
+test -z "$STRIP" && STRIP=:
+test -z "$ac_objext" && ac_objext=o
+
+# Determine commands to create old-style static archives.
+old_archive_cmds='$AR $AR_FLAGS $oldlib$oldobjs$old_deplibs'
+old_postinstall_cmds='chmod 644 $oldlib'
+old_postuninstall_cmds=
+
+if test -n "$RANLIB"; then
+ case $host_os in
+ openbsd*)
+ old_postinstall_cmds="$old_postinstall_cmds~\$RANLIB -t \$oldlib"
+ ;;
+ *)
+ old_postinstall_cmds="$old_postinstall_cmds~\$RANLIB \$oldlib"
+ ;;
+ esac
+ old_archive_cmds="$old_archive_cmds~\$RANLIB \$oldlib"
+fi
+
+_LT_CC_BASENAME([$compiler])
+
+# Only perform the check for file, if the check method requires it
+case $deplibs_check_method in
+file_magic*)
+ if test "$file_magic_cmd" = '$MAGIC_CMD'; then
+ AC_PATH_MAGIC
+ fi
+ ;;
+esac
+
+AC_PROVIDE_IFELSE([AC_LIBTOOL_DLOPEN], enable_dlopen=yes, enable_dlopen=no)
+AC_PROVIDE_IFELSE([AC_LIBTOOL_WIN32_DLL],
+enable_win32_dll=yes, enable_win32_dll=no)
+
+AC_ARG_ENABLE([libtool-lock],
+ [AC_HELP_STRING([--disable-libtool-lock],
+ [avoid locking (might break parallel builds)])])
+test "x$enable_libtool_lock" != xno && enable_libtool_lock=yes
+
+AC_ARG_WITH([pic],
+ [AC_HELP_STRING([--with-pic],
+ [try to use only PIC/non-PIC objects @<:@default=use both@:>@])],
+ [pic_mode="$withval"],
+ [pic_mode=default])
+test -z "$pic_mode" && pic_mode=default
+
+# Use C for the default configuration in the libtool script
+tagname=
+AC_LIBTOOL_LANG_C_CONFIG
+_LT_AC_TAGCONFIG
+])# AC_LIBTOOL_SETUP
+
+
+# _LT_AC_SYS_COMPILER
+# -------------------
+AC_DEFUN([_LT_AC_SYS_COMPILER],
+[AC_REQUIRE([AC_PROG_CC])dnl
+
+# If no C compiler was specified, use CC.
+LTCC=${LTCC-"$CC"}
+
+# If no C compiler flags were specified, use CFLAGS.
+LTCFLAGS=${LTCFLAGS-"$CFLAGS"}
+
+# Allow CC to be a program name with arguments.
+compiler=$CC
+])# _LT_AC_SYS_COMPILER
+
+
+# _LT_CC_BASENAME(CC)
+# -------------------
+# Calculate cc_basename. Skip known compiler wrappers and cross-prefix.
+AC_DEFUN([_LT_CC_BASENAME],
+[for cc_temp in $1""; do
+ case $cc_temp in
+ compile | *[[\\/]]compile | ccache | *[[\\/]]ccache ) ;;
+ distcc | *[[\\/]]distcc | purify | *[[\\/]]purify ) ;;
+ \-*) ;;
+ *) break;;
+ esac
+done
+cc_basename=`$echo "X$cc_temp" | $Xsed -e 's%.*/%%' -e "s%^$host_alias-%%"`
+])
+
+
+# _LT_COMPILER_BOILERPLATE
+# ------------------------
+# Check for compiler boilerplate output or warnings with
+# the simple compiler test code.
+AC_DEFUN([_LT_COMPILER_BOILERPLATE],
+[ac_outfile=conftest.$ac_objext
+printf "$lt_simple_compile_test_code" >conftest.$ac_ext
+eval "$ac_compile" 2>&1 >/dev/null | $SED '/^$/d; /^ *+/d' >conftest.err
+_lt_compiler_boilerplate=`cat conftest.err`
+$rm conftest*
+])# _LT_COMPILER_BOILERPLATE
+
+
+# _LT_LINKER_BOILERPLATE
+# ----------------------
+# Check for linker boilerplate output or warnings with
+# the simple link test code.
+AC_DEFUN([_LT_LINKER_BOILERPLATE],
+[ac_outfile=conftest.$ac_objext
+printf "$lt_simple_link_test_code" >conftest.$ac_ext
+eval "$ac_link" 2>&1 >/dev/null | $SED '/^$/d; /^ *+/d' >conftest.err
+_lt_linker_boilerplate=`cat conftest.err`
+$rm conftest*
+])# _LT_LINKER_BOILERPLATE
+
+
+# _LT_AC_SYS_LIBPATH_AIX
+# ----------------------
+# Links a minimal program and checks the executable
+# for the system default hardcoded library path. In most cases,
+# this is /usr/lib:/lib, but when the MPI compilers are used
+# the location of the communication and MPI libs are included too.
+# If we don't find anything, use the default library path according
+# to the aix ld manual.
+AC_DEFUN([_LT_AC_SYS_LIBPATH_AIX],
+[AC_LINK_IFELSE(AC_LANG_PROGRAM,[
+aix_libpath=`dump -H conftest$ac_exeext 2>/dev/null | $SED -n -e '/Import File Strings/,/^$/ { /^0/ { s/^0 *\(.*\)$/\1/; p; }
+}'`
+# Check for a 64-bit object if we didn't find anything.
+if test -z "$aix_libpath"; then aix_libpath=`dump -HX64 conftest$ac_exeext 2>/dev/null | $SED -n -e '/Import File Strings/,/^$/ { /^0/ { s/^0 *\(.*\)$/\1/; p; }
+}'`; fi],[])
+if test -z "$aix_libpath"; then aix_libpath="/usr/lib:/lib"; fi
+])# _LT_AC_SYS_LIBPATH_AIX
+
+
+# _LT_AC_SHELL_INIT(ARG)
+# ----------------------
+AC_DEFUN([_LT_AC_SHELL_INIT],
+[ifdef([AC_DIVERSION_NOTICE],
+ [AC_DIVERT_PUSH(AC_DIVERSION_NOTICE)],
+ [AC_DIVERT_PUSH(NOTICE)])
+$1
+AC_DIVERT_POP
+])# _LT_AC_SHELL_INIT
+
+
+# _LT_AC_PROG_ECHO_BACKSLASH
+# --------------------------
+# Add some code to the start of the generated configure script which
+# will find an echo command which doesn't interpret backslashes.
+AC_DEFUN([_LT_AC_PROG_ECHO_BACKSLASH],
+[_LT_AC_SHELL_INIT([
+# Check that we are running under the correct shell.
+SHELL=${CONFIG_SHELL-/bin/sh}
+
+case X$ECHO in
+X*--fallback-echo)
+ # Remove one level of quotation (which was required for Make).
+ ECHO=`echo "$ECHO" | sed 's,\\\\\[$]\\[$]0,'[$]0','`
+ ;;
+esac
+
+echo=${ECHO-echo}
+if test "X[$]1" = X--no-reexec; then
+ # Discard the --no-reexec flag, and continue.
+ shift
+elif test "X[$]1" = X--fallback-echo; then
+ # Avoid inline document here, it may be left over
+ :
+elif test "X`($echo '\t') 2>/dev/null`" = 'X\t' ; then
+ # Yippee, $echo works!
+ :
+else
+ # Restart under the correct shell.
+ exec $SHELL "[$]0" --no-reexec ${1+"[$]@"}
+fi
+
+if test "X[$]1" = X--fallback-echo; then
+ # used as fallback echo
+ shift
+ cat <<EOF
+[$]*
+EOF
+ exit 0
+fi
+
+# The HP-UX ksh and POSIX shell print the target directory to stdout
+# if CDPATH is set.
+(unset CDPATH) >/dev/null 2>&1 && unset CDPATH
+
+if test -z "$ECHO"; then
+if test "X${echo_test_string+set}" != Xset; then
+# find a string as large as possible, as long as the shell can cope with it
+ for cmd in 'sed 50q "[$]0"' 'sed 20q "[$]0"' 'sed 10q "[$]0"' 'sed 2q "[$]0"' 'echo test'; do
+ # expected sizes: less than 2Kb, 1Kb, 512 bytes, 16 bytes, ...
+ if (echo_test_string=`eval $cmd`) 2>/dev/null &&
+ echo_test_string=`eval $cmd` &&
+ (test "X$echo_test_string" = "X$echo_test_string") 2>/dev/null
+ then
+ break
+ fi
+ done
+fi
+
+if test "X`($echo '\t') 2>/dev/null`" = 'X\t' &&
+ echo_testing_string=`($echo "$echo_test_string") 2>/dev/null` &&
+ test "X$echo_testing_string" = "X$echo_test_string"; then
+ :
+else
+ # The Solaris, AIX, and Digital Unix default echo programs unquote
+ # backslashes. This makes it impossible to quote backslashes using
+ # echo "$something" | sed 's/\\/\\\\/g'
+ #
+ # So, first we look for a working echo in the user's PATH.
+
+ lt_save_ifs="$IFS"; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
+ for dir in $PATH /usr/ucb; do
+ IFS="$lt_save_ifs"
+ if (test -f $dir/echo || test -f $dir/echo$ac_exeext) &&
+ test "X`($dir/echo '\t') 2>/dev/null`" = 'X\t' &&
+ echo_testing_string=`($dir/echo "$echo_test_string") 2>/dev/null` &&
+ test "X$echo_testing_string" = "X$echo_test_string"; then
+ echo="$dir/echo"
+ break
+ fi
+ done
+ IFS="$lt_save_ifs"
+
+ if test "X$echo" = Xecho; then
+ # We didn't find a better echo, so look for alternatives.
+ if test "X`(print -r '\t') 2>/dev/null`" = 'X\t' &&
+ echo_testing_string=`(print -r "$echo_test_string") 2>/dev/null` &&
+ test "X$echo_testing_string" = "X$echo_test_string"; then
+ # This shell has a builtin print -r that does the trick.
+ echo='print -r'
+ elif (test -f /bin/ksh || test -f /bin/ksh$ac_exeext) &&
+ test "X$CONFIG_SHELL" != X/bin/ksh; then
+ # If we have ksh, try running configure again with it.
+ ORIGINAL_CONFIG_SHELL=${CONFIG_SHELL-/bin/sh}
+ export ORIGINAL_CONFIG_SHELL
+ CONFIG_SHELL=/bin/ksh
+ export CONFIG_SHELL
+ exec $CONFIG_SHELL "[$]0" --no-reexec ${1+"[$]@"}
+ else
+ # Try using printf.
+ echo='printf %s\n'
+ if test "X`($echo '\t') 2>/dev/null`" = 'X\t' &&
+ echo_testing_string=`($echo "$echo_test_string") 2>/dev/null` &&
+ test "X$echo_testing_string" = "X$echo_test_string"; then
+ # Cool, printf works
+ :
+ elif echo_testing_string=`($ORIGINAL_CONFIG_SHELL "[$]0" --fallback-echo '\t') 2>/dev/null` &&
+ test "X$echo_testing_string" = 'X\t' &&
+ echo_testing_string=`($ORIGINAL_CONFIG_SHELL "[$]0" --fallback-echo "$echo_test_string") 2>/dev/null` &&
+ test "X$echo_testing_string" = "X$echo_test_string"; then
+ CONFIG_SHELL=$ORIGINAL_CONFIG_SHELL
+ export CONFIG_SHELL
+ SHELL="$CONFIG_SHELL"
+ export SHELL
+ echo="$CONFIG_SHELL [$]0 --fallback-echo"
+ elif echo_testing_string=`($CONFIG_SHELL "[$]0" --fallback-echo '\t') 2>/dev/null` &&
+ test "X$echo_testing_string" = 'X\t' &&
+ echo_testing_string=`($CONFIG_SHELL "[$]0" --fallback-echo "$echo_test_string") 2>/dev/null` &&
+ test "X$echo_testing_string" = "X$echo_test_string"; then
+ echo="$CONFIG_SHELL [$]0 --fallback-echo"
+ else
+ # maybe with a smaller string...
+ prev=:
+
+ for cmd in 'echo test' 'sed 2q "[$]0"' 'sed 10q "[$]0"' 'sed 20q "[$]0"' 'sed 50q "[$]0"'; do
+ if (test "X$echo_test_string" = "X`eval $cmd`") 2>/dev/null
+ then
+ break
+ fi
+ prev="$cmd"
+ done
+
+ if test "$prev" != 'sed 50q "[$]0"'; then
+ echo_test_string=`eval $prev`
+ export echo_test_string
+ exec ${ORIGINAL_CONFIG_SHELL-${CONFIG_SHELL-/bin/sh}} "[$]0" ${1+"[$]@"}
+ else
+ # Oops. We lost completely, so just stick with echo.
+ echo=echo
+ fi
+ fi
+ fi
+ fi
+fi
+fi
+
+# Copy echo and quote the copy suitably for passing to libtool from
+# the Makefile, instead of quoting the original, which is used later.
+ECHO=$echo
+if test "X$ECHO" = "X$CONFIG_SHELL [$]0 --fallback-echo"; then
+ ECHO="$CONFIG_SHELL \\\$\[$]0 --fallback-echo"
+fi
+
+AC_SUBST(ECHO)
+])])# _LT_AC_PROG_ECHO_BACKSLASH
+
+
+# _LT_AC_LOCK
+# -----------
+AC_DEFUN([_LT_AC_LOCK],
+[AC_ARG_ENABLE([libtool-lock],
+ [AC_HELP_STRING([--disable-libtool-lock],
+ [avoid locking (might break parallel builds)])])
+test "x$enable_libtool_lock" != xno && enable_libtool_lock=yes
+
+# Some flags need to be propagated to the compiler or linker for good
+# libtool support.
+case $host in
+ia64-*-hpux*)
+ # Find out which ABI we are using.
+ echo 'int i;' > conftest.$ac_ext
+ if AC_TRY_EVAL(ac_compile); then
+ case `/usr/bin/file conftest.$ac_objext` in
+ *ELF-32*)
+ HPUX_IA64_MODE="32"
+ ;;
+ *ELF-64*)
+ HPUX_IA64_MODE="64"
+ ;;
+ esac
+ fi
+ rm -rf conftest*
+ ;;
+*-*-irix6*)
+ # Find out which ABI we are using.
+ echo '[#]line __oline__ "configure"' > conftest.$ac_ext
+ if AC_TRY_EVAL(ac_compile); then
+ if test "$lt_cv_prog_gnu_ld" = yes; then
+ case `/usr/bin/file conftest.$ac_objext` in
+ *32-bit*)
+ LD="${LD-ld} -melf32bsmip"
+ ;;
+ *N32*)
+ LD="${LD-ld} -melf32bmipn32"
+ ;;
+ *64-bit*)
+ LD="${LD-ld} -melf64bmip"
+ ;;
+ esac
+ else
+ case `/usr/bin/file conftest.$ac_objext` in
+ *32-bit*)
+ LD="${LD-ld} -32"
+ ;;
+ *N32*)
+ LD="${LD-ld} -n32"
+ ;;
+ *64-bit*)
+ LD="${LD-ld} -64"
+ ;;
+ esac
+ fi
+ fi
+ rm -rf conftest*
+ ;;
+
+x86_64-*linux*|ppc*-*linux*|powerpc*-*linux*|s390*-*linux*|sparc*-*linux*)
+ # Find out which ABI we are using.
+ echo 'int i;' > conftest.$ac_ext
+ if AC_TRY_EVAL(ac_compile); then
+ case `/usr/bin/file conftest.o` in
+ *32-bit*)
+ case $host in
+ x86_64-*linux*)
+ LD="${LD-ld} -m elf_i386"
+ ;;
+ ppc64-*linux*|powerpc64-*linux*)
+ LD="${LD-ld} -m elf32ppclinux"
+ ;;
+ s390x-*linux*)
+ LD="${LD-ld} -m elf_s390"
+ ;;
+ sparc64-*linux*)
+ LD="${LD-ld} -m elf32_sparc"
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ *64-bit*)
+ case $host in
+ x86_64-*linux*)
+ LD="${LD-ld} -m elf_x86_64"
+ ;;
+ ppc*-*linux*|powerpc*-*linux*)
+ LD="${LD-ld} -m elf64ppc"
+ ;;
+ s390*-*linux*)
+ LD="${LD-ld} -m elf64_s390"
+ ;;
+ sparc*-*linux*)
+ LD="${LD-ld} -m elf64_sparc"
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ esac
+ fi
+ rm -rf conftest*
+ ;;
+
+*-*-sco3.2v5*)
+ # On SCO OpenServer 5, we need -belf to get full-featured binaries.
+ SAVE_CFLAGS="$CFLAGS"
+ CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -belf"
+ AC_CACHE_CHECK([whether the C compiler needs -belf], lt_cv_cc_needs_belf,
+ [AC_LANG_PUSH(C)
+ AC_TRY_LINK([],[],[lt_cv_cc_needs_belf=yes],[lt_cv_cc_needs_belf=no])
+ AC_LANG_POP])
+ if test x"$lt_cv_cc_needs_belf" != x"yes"; then
+ # this is probably gcc 2.8.0, egcs 1.0 or newer; no need for -belf
+ CFLAGS="$SAVE_CFLAGS"
+ fi
+ ;;
+sparc*-*solaris*)
+ # Find out which ABI we are using.
+ echo 'int i;' > conftest.$ac_ext
+ if AC_TRY_EVAL(ac_compile); then
+ case `/usr/bin/file conftest.o` in
+ *64-bit*)
+ case $lt_cv_prog_gnu_ld in
+ yes*) LD="${LD-ld} -m elf64_sparc" ;;
+ *) LD="${LD-ld} -64" ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ esac
+ fi
+ rm -rf conftest*
+ ;;
+
+AC_PROVIDE_IFELSE([AC_LIBTOOL_WIN32_DLL],
+[*-*-cygwin* | *-*-mingw* | *-*-pw32*)
+ AC_CHECK_TOOL(DLLTOOL, dlltool, false)
+ AC_CHECK_TOOL(AS, as, false)
+ AC_CHECK_TOOL(OBJDUMP, objdump, false)
+ ;;
+ ])
+esac
+
+need_locks="$enable_libtool_lock"
+
+])# _LT_AC_LOCK
+
+
+# AC_LIBTOOL_COMPILER_OPTION(MESSAGE, VARIABLE-NAME, FLAGS,
+# [OUTPUT-FILE], [ACTION-SUCCESS], [ACTION-FAILURE])
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------
+# Check whether the given compiler option works
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_COMPILER_OPTION],
+[AC_REQUIRE([LT_AC_PROG_SED])
+AC_CACHE_CHECK([$1], [$2],
+ [$2=no
+ ifelse([$4], , [ac_outfile=conftest.$ac_objext], [ac_outfile=$4])
+ printf "$lt_simple_compile_test_code" > conftest.$ac_ext
+ lt_compiler_flag="$3"
+ # Insert the option either (1) after the last *FLAGS variable, or
+ # (2) before a word containing "conftest.", or (3) at the end.
+ # Note that $ac_compile itself does not contain backslashes and begins
+ # with a dollar sign (not a hyphen), so the echo should work correctly.
+ # The option is referenced via a variable to avoid confusing sed.
+ lt_compile=`echo "$ac_compile" | $SED \
+ -e 's:.*FLAGS}\{0,1\} :&$lt_compiler_flag :; t' \
+ -e 's: [[^ ]]*conftest\.: $lt_compiler_flag&:; t' \
+ -e 's:$: $lt_compiler_flag:'`
+ (eval echo "\"\$as_me:__oline__: $lt_compile\"" >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD)
+ (eval "$lt_compile" 2>conftest.err)
+ ac_status=$?
+ cat conftest.err >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD
+ echo "$as_me:__oline__: \$? = $ac_status" >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD
+ if (exit $ac_status) && test -s "$ac_outfile"; then
+ # The compiler can only warn and ignore the option if not recognized
+ # So say no if there are warnings other than the usual output.
+ $echo "X$_lt_compiler_boilerplate" | $Xsed -e '/^$/d' >conftest.exp
+ $SED '/^$/d; /^ *+/d' conftest.err >conftest.er2
+ if test ! -s conftest.er2 || diff conftest.exp conftest.er2 >/dev/null; then
+ $2=yes
+ fi
+ fi
+ $rm conftest*
+])
+
+if test x"[$]$2" = xyes; then
+ ifelse([$5], , :, [$5])
+else
+ ifelse([$6], , :, [$6])
+fi
+])# AC_LIBTOOL_COMPILER_OPTION
+
+
+# AC_LIBTOOL_LINKER_OPTION(MESSAGE, VARIABLE-NAME, FLAGS,
+# [ACTION-SUCCESS], [ACTION-FAILURE])
+# ------------------------------------------------------------
+# Check whether the given compiler option works
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_LINKER_OPTION],
+[AC_CACHE_CHECK([$1], [$2],
+ [$2=no
+ save_LDFLAGS="$LDFLAGS"
+ LDFLAGS="$LDFLAGS $3"
+ printf "$lt_simple_link_test_code" > conftest.$ac_ext
+ if (eval $ac_link 2>conftest.err) && test -s conftest$ac_exeext; then
+ # The linker can only warn and ignore the option if not recognized
+ # So say no if there are warnings
+ if test -s conftest.err; then
+ # Append any errors to the config.log.
+ cat conftest.err 1>&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD
+ $echo "X$_lt_linker_boilerplate" | $Xsed -e '/^$/d' > conftest.exp
+ $SED '/^$/d; /^ *+/d' conftest.err >conftest.er2
+ if diff conftest.exp conftest.er2 >/dev/null; then
+ $2=yes
+ fi
+ else
+ $2=yes
+ fi
+ fi
+ $rm conftest*
+ LDFLAGS="$save_LDFLAGS"
+])
+
+if test x"[$]$2" = xyes; then
+ ifelse([$4], , :, [$4])
+else
+ ifelse([$5], , :, [$5])
+fi
+])# AC_LIBTOOL_LINKER_OPTION
+
+
+# AC_LIBTOOL_SYS_MAX_CMD_LEN
+# --------------------------
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_SYS_MAX_CMD_LEN],
+[# find the maximum length of command line arguments
+AC_MSG_CHECKING([the maximum length of command line arguments])
+AC_CACHE_VAL([lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len], [dnl
+ i=0
+ teststring="ABCD"
+
+ case $build_os in
+ msdosdjgpp*)
+ # On DJGPP, this test can blow up pretty badly due to problems in libc
+ # (any single argument exceeding 2000 bytes causes a buffer overrun
+ # during glob expansion). Even if it were fixed, the result of this
+ # check would be larger than it should be.
+ lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=12288; # 12K is about right
+ ;;
+
+ gnu*)
+ # Under GNU Hurd, this test is not required because there is
+ # no limit to the length of command line arguments.
+ # Libtool will interpret -1 as no limit whatsoever
+ lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=-1;
+ ;;
+
+ cygwin* | mingw*)
+ # On Win9x/ME, this test blows up -- it succeeds, but takes
+ # about 5 minutes as the teststring grows exponentially.
+ # Worse, since 9x/ME are not pre-emptively multitasking,
+ # you end up with a "frozen" computer, even though with patience
+ # the test eventually succeeds (with a max line length of 256k).
+ # Instead, let's just punt: use the minimum linelength reported by
+ # all of the supported platforms: 8192 (on NT/2K/XP).
+ lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=8192;
+ ;;
+
+ amigaos*)
+ # On AmigaOS with pdksh, this test takes hours, literally.
+ # So we just punt and use a minimum line length of 8192.
+ lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=8192;
+ ;;
+
+ netbsd* | freebsd* | openbsd* | darwin* | dragonfly*)
+ # This has been around since 386BSD, at least. Likely further.
+ if test -x /sbin/sysctl; then
+ lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=`/sbin/sysctl -n kern.argmax`
+ elif test -x /usr/sbin/sysctl; then
+ lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=`/usr/sbin/sysctl -n kern.argmax`
+ else
+ lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=65536 # usable default for all BSDs
+ fi
+ # And add a safety zone
+ lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=`expr $lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len \/ 4`
+ lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=`expr $lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len \* 3`
+ ;;
+
+ interix*)
+ # We know the value 262144 and hardcode it with a safety zone (like BSD)
+ lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=196608
+ ;;
+
+ osf*)
+ # Dr. Hans Ekkehard Plesser reports seeing a kernel panic running configure
+ # due to this test when exec_disable_arg_limit is 1 on Tru64. It is not
+ # nice to cause kernel panics so lets avoid the loop below.
+ # First set a reasonable default.
+ lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=16384
+ #
+ if test -x /sbin/sysconfig; then
+ case `/sbin/sysconfig -q proc exec_disable_arg_limit` in
+ *1*) lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=-1 ;;
+ esac
+ fi
+ ;;
+ sco3.2v5*)
+ lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=102400
+ ;;
+ sysv5* | sco5v6* | sysv4.2uw2*)
+ kargmax=`grep ARG_MAX /etc/conf/cf.d/stune 2>/dev/null`
+ if test -n "$kargmax"; then
+ lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=`echo $kargmax | sed 's/.*[[ ]]//'`
+ else
+ lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=32768
+ fi
+ ;;
+ *)
+ # If test is not a shell built-in, we'll probably end up computing a
+ # maximum length that is only half of the actual maximum length, but
+ # we can't tell.
+ SHELL=${SHELL-${CONFIG_SHELL-/bin/sh}}
+ while (test "X"`$SHELL [$]0 --fallback-echo "X$teststring" 2>/dev/null` \
+ = "XX$teststring") >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+ new_result=`expr "X$teststring" : ".*" 2>&1` &&
+ lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=$new_result &&
+ test $i != 17 # 1/2 MB should be enough
+ do
+ i=`expr $i + 1`
+ teststring=$teststring$teststring
+ done
+ teststring=
+ # Add a significant safety factor because C++ compilers can tack on massive
+ # amounts of additional arguments before passing them to the linker.
+ # It appears as though 1/2 is a usable value.
+ lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len=`expr $lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len \/ 2`
+ ;;
+ esac
+])
+if test -n $lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len ; then
+ AC_MSG_RESULT($lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len)
+else
+ AC_MSG_RESULT(none)
+fi
+])# AC_LIBTOOL_SYS_MAX_CMD_LEN
+
+
+# _LT_AC_CHECK_DLFCN
+# ------------------
+AC_DEFUN([_LT_AC_CHECK_DLFCN],
+[AC_CHECK_HEADERS(dlfcn.h)dnl
+])# _LT_AC_CHECK_DLFCN
+
+
+# _LT_AC_TRY_DLOPEN_SELF (ACTION-IF-TRUE, ACTION-IF-TRUE-W-USCORE,
+# ACTION-IF-FALSE, ACTION-IF-CROSS-COMPILING)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------
+AC_DEFUN([_LT_AC_TRY_DLOPEN_SELF],
+[AC_REQUIRE([_LT_AC_CHECK_DLFCN])dnl
+if test "$cross_compiling" = yes; then :
+ [$4]
+else
+ lt_dlunknown=0; lt_dlno_uscore=1; lt_dlneed_uscore=2
+ lt_status=$lt_dlunknown
+ cat > conftest.$ac_ext <<EOF
+[#line __oline__ "configure"
+#include "confdefs.h"
+
+#if HAVE_DLFCN_H
+#include <dlfcn.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#ifdef RTLD_GLOBAL
+# define LT_DLGLOBAL RTLD_GLOBAL
+#else
+# ifdef DL_GLOBAL
+# define LT_DLGLOBAL DL_GLOBAL
+# else
+# define LT_DLGLOBAL 0
+# endif
+#endif
+
+/* We may have to define LT_DLLAZY_OR_NOW in the command line if we
+ find out it does not work in some platform. */
+#ifndef LT_DLLAZY_OR_NOW
+# ifdef RTLD_LAZY
+# define LT_DLLAZY_OR_NOW RTLD_LAZY
+# else
+# ifdef DL_LAZY
+# define LT_DLLAZY_OR_NOW DL_LAZY
+# else
+# ifdef RTLD_NOW
+# define LT_DLLAZY_OR_NOW RTLD_NOW
+# else
+# ifdef DL_NOW
+# define LT_DLLAZY_OR_NOW DL_NOW
+# else
+# define LT_DLLAZY_OR_NOW 0
+# endif
+# endif
+# endif
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" void exit (int);
+#endif
+
+void fnord() { int i=42;}
+int main ()
+{
+ void *self = dlopen (0, LT_DLGLOBAL|LT_DLLAZY_OR_NOW);
+ int status = $lt_dlunknown;
+
+ if (self)
+ {
+ if (dlsym (self,"fnord")) status = $lt_dlno_uscore;
+ else if (dlsym( self,"_fnord")) status = $lt_dlneed_uscore;
+ /* dlclose (self); */
+ }
+ else
+ puts (dlerror ());
+
+ exit (status);
+}]
+EOF
+ if AC_TRY_EVAL(ac_link) && test -s conftest${ac_exeext} 2>/dev/null; then
+ (./conftest; exit; ) >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD 2>/dev/null
+ lt_status=$?
+ case x$lt_status in
+ x$lt_dlno_uscore) $1 ;;
+ x$lt_dlneed_uscore) $2 ;;
+ x$lt_dlunknown|x*) $3 ;;
+ esac
+ else :
+ # compilation failed
+ $3
+ fi
+fi
+rm -fr conftest*
+])# _LT_AC_TRY_DLOPEN_SELF
+
+
+# AC_LIBTOOL_DLOPEN_SELF
+# ----------------------
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_DLOPEN_SELF],
+[AC_REQUIRE([_LT_AC_CHECK_DLFCN])dnl
+if test "x$enable_dlopen" != xyes; then
+ enable_dlopen=unknown
+ enable_dlopen_self=unknown
+ enable_dlopen_self_static=unknown
+else
+ lt_cv_dlopen=no
+ lt_cv_dlopen_libs=
+
+ case $host_os in
+ beos*)
+ lt_cv_dlopen="load_add_on"
+ lt_cv_dlopen_libs=
+ lt_cv_dlopen_self=yes
+ ;;
+
+ mingw* | pw32*)
+ lt_cv_dlopen="LoadLibrary"
+ lt_cv_dlopen_libs=
+ ;;
+
+ cygwin*)
+ lt_cv_dlopen="dlopen"
+ lt_cv_dlopen_libs=
+ ;;
+
+ darwin*)
+ # if libdl is installed we need to link against it
+ AC_CHECK_LIB([dl], [dlopen],
+ [lt_cv_dlopen="dlopen" lt_cv_dlopen_libs="-ldl"],[
+ lt_cv_dlopen="dyld"
+ lt_cv_dlopen_libs=
+ lt_cv_dlopen_self=yes
+ ])
+ ;;
+
+ *)
+ AC_CHECK_FUNC([shl_load],
+ [lt_cv_dlopen="shl_load"],
+ [AC_CHECK_LIB([dld], [shl_load],
+ [lt_cv_dlopen="shl_load" lt_cv_dlopen_libs="-dld"],
+ [AC_CHECK_FUNC([dlopen],
+ [lt_cv_dlopen="dlopen"],
+ [AC_CHECK_LIB([dl], [dlopen],
+ [lt_cv_dlopen="dlopen" lt_cv_dlopen_libs="-ldl"],
+ [AC_CHECK_LIB([svld], [dlopen],
+ [lt_cv_dlopen="dlopen" lt_cv_dlopen_libs="-lsvld"],
+ [AC_CHECK_LIB([dld], [dld_link],
+ [lt_cv_dlopen="dld_link" lt_cv_dlopen_libs="-dld"])
+ ])
+ ])
+ ])
+ ])
+ ])
+ ;;
+ esac
+
+ if test "x$lt_cv_dlopen" != xno; then
+ enable_dlopen=yes
+ else
+ enable_dlopen=no
+ fi
+
+ case $lt_cv_dlopen in
+ dlopen)
+ save_CPPFLAGS="$CPPFLAGS"
+ test "x$ac_cv_header_dlfcn_h" = xyes && CPPFLAGS="$CPPFLAGS -DHAVE_DLFCN_H"
+
+ save_LDFLAGS="$LDFLAGS"
+ wl=$lt_prog_compiler_wl eval LDFLAGS=\"\$LDFLAGS $export_dynamic_flag_spec\"
+
+ save_LIBS="$LIBS"
+ LIBS="$lt_cv_dlopen_libs $LIBS"
+
+ AC_CACHE_CHECK([whether a program can dlopen itself],
+ lt_cv_dlopen_self, [dnl
+ _LT_AC_TRY_DLOPEN_SELF(
+ lt_cv_dlopen_self=yes, lt_cv_dlopen_self=yes,
+ lt_cv_dlopen_self=no, lt_cv_dlopen_self=cross)
+ ])
+
+ if test "x$lt_cv_dlopen_self" = xyes; then
+ wl=$lt_prog_compiler_wl eval LDFLAGS=\"\$LDFLAGS $lt_prog_compiler_static\"
+ AC_CACHE_CHECK([whether a statically linked program can dlopen itself],
+ lt_cv_dlopen_self_static, [dnl
+ _LT_AC_TRY_DLOPEN_SELF(
+ lt_cv_dlopen_self_static=yes, lt_cv_dlopen_self_static=yes,
+ lt_cv_dlopen_self_static=no, lt_cv_dlopen_self_static=cross)
+ ])
+ fi
+
+ CPPFLAGS="$save_CPPFLAGS"
+ LDFLAGS="$save_LDFLAGS"
+ LIBS="$save_LIBS"
+ ;;
+ esac
+
+ case $lt_cv_dlopen_self in
+ yes|no) enable_dlopen_self=$lt_cv_dlopen_self ;;
+ *) enable_dlopen_self=unknown ;;
+ esac
+
+ case $lt_cv_dlopen_self_static in
+ yes|no) enable_dlopen_self_static=$lt_cv_dlopen_self_static ;;
+ *) enable_dlopen_self_static=unknown ;;
+ esac
+fi
+])# AC_LIBTOOL_DLOPEN_SELF
+
+
+# AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_CC_C_O([TAGNAME])
+# ---------------------------------
+# Check to see if options -c and -o are simultaneously supported by compiler
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_CC_C_O],
+[AC_REQUIRE([_LT_AC_SYS_COMPILER])dnl
+AC_CACHE_CHECK([if $compiler supports -c -o file.$ac_objext],
+ [_LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_cv_prog_compiler_c_o, $1)],
+ [_LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_cv_prog_compiler_c_o, $1)=no
+ $rm -r conftest 2>/dev/null
+ mkdir conftest
+ cd conftest
+ mkdir out
+ printf "$lt_simple_compile_test_code" > conftest.$ac_ext
+
+ lt_compiler_flag="-o out/conftest2.$ac_objext"
+ # Insert the option either (1) after the last *FLAGS variable, or
+ # (2) before a word containing "conftest.", or (3) at the end.
+ # Note that $ac_compile itself does not contain backslashes and begins
+ # with a dollar sign (not a hyphen), so the echo should work correctly.
+ lt_compile=`echo "$ac_compile" | $SED \
+ -e 's:.*FLAGS}\{0,1\} :&$lt_compiler_flag :; t' \
+ -e 's: [[^ ]]*conftest\.: $lt_compiler_flag&:; t' \
+ -e 's:$: $lt_compiler_flag:'`
+ (eval echo "\"\$as_me:__oline__: $lt_compile\"" >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD)
+ (eval "$lt_compile" 2>out/conftest.err)
+ ac_status=$?
+ cat out/conftest.err >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD
+ echo "$as_me:__oline__: \$? = $ac_status" >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD
+ if (exit $ac_status) && test -s out/conftest2.$ac_objext
+ then
+ # The compiler can only warn and ignore the option if not recognized
+ # So say no if there are warnings
+ $echo "X$_lt_compiler_boilerplate" | $Xsed -e '/^$/d' > out/conftest.exp
+ $SED '/^$/d; /^ *+/d' out/conftest.err >out/conftest.er2
+ if test ! -s out/conftest.er2 || diff out/conftest.exp out/conftest.er2 >/dev/null; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_cv_prog_compiler_c_o, $1)=yes
+ fi
+ fi
+ chmod u+w . 2>&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD
+ $rm conftest*
+ # SGI C++ compiler will create directory out/ii_files/ for
+ # template instantiation
+ test -d out/ii_files && $rm out/ii_files/* && rmdir out/ii_files
+ $rm out/* && rmdir out
+ cd ..
+ rmdir conftest
+ $rm conftest*
+])
+])# AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_CC_C_O
+
+
+# AC_LIBTOOL_SYS_HARD_LINK_LOCKS([TAGNAME])
+# -----------------------------------------
+# Check to see if we can do hard links to lock some files if needed
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_SYS_HARD_LINK_LOCKS],
+[AC_REQUIRE([_LT_AC_LOCK])dnl
+
+hard_links="nottested"
+if test "$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_cv_prog_compiler_c_o, $1)" = no && test "$need_locks" != no; then
+ # do not overwrite the value of need_locks provided by the user
+ AC_MSG_CHECKING([if we can lock with hard links])
+ hard_links=yes
+ $rm conftest*
+ ln conftest.a conftest.b 2>/dev/null && hard_links=no
+ touch conftest.a
+ ln conftest.a conftest.b 2>&5 || hard_links=no
+ ln conftest.a conftest.b 2>/dev/null && hard_links=no
+ AC_MSG_RESULT([$hard_links])
+ if test "$hard_links" = no; then
+ AC_MSG_WARN([`$CC' does not support `-c -o', so `make -j' may be unsafe])
+ need_locks=warn
+ fi
+else
+ need_locks=no
+fi
+])# AC_LIBTOOL_SYS_HARD_LINK_LOCKS
+
+
+# AC_LIBTOOL_OBJDIR
+# -----------------
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_OBJDIR],
+[AC_CACHE_CHECK([for objdir], [lt_cv_objdir],
+[rm -f .libs 2>/dev/null
+mkdir .libs 2>/dev/null
+if test -d .libs; then
+ lt_cv_objdir=.libs
+else
+ # MS-DOS does not allow filenames that begin with a dot.
+ lt_cv_objdir=_libs
+fi
+rmdir .libs 2>/dev/null])
+objdir=$lt_cv_objdir
+])# AC_LIBTOOL_OBJDIR
+
+
+# AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_LD_HARDCODE_LIBPATH([TAGNAME])
+# ----------------------------------------------
+# Check hardcoding attributes.
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_LD_HARDCODE_LIBPATH],
+[AC_MSG_CHECKING([how to hardcode library paths into programs])
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_action, $1)=
+if test -n "$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)" || \
+ test -n "$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(runpath_var, $1)" || \
+ test "X$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_automatic, $1)" = "Xyes" ; then
+
+ # We can hardcode non-existant directories.
+ if test "$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)" != no &&
+ # If the only mechanism to avoid hardcoding is shlibpath_var, we
+ # have to relink, otherwise we might link with an installed library
+ # when we should be linking with a yet-to-be-installed one
+ ## test "$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)" != no &&
+ test "$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_minus_L, $1)" != no; then
+ # Linking always hardcodes the temporary library directory.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_action, $1)=relink
+ else
+ # We can link without hardcoding, and we can hardcode nonexisting dirs.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_action, $1)=immediate
+ fi
+else
+ # We cannot hardcode anything, or else we can only hardcode existing
+ # directories.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_action, $1)=unsupported
+fi
+AC_MSG_RESULT([$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_action, $1)])
+
+if test "$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_action, $1)" = relink; then
+ # Fast installation is not supported
+ enable_fast_install=no
+elif test "$shlibpath_overrides_runpath" = yes ||
+ test "$enable_shared" = no; then
+ # Fast installation is not necessary
+ enable_fast_install=needless
+fi
+])# AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_LD_HARDCODE_LIBPATH
+
+
+# AC_LIBTOOL_SYS_LIB_STRIP
+# ------------------------
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_SYS_LIB_STRIP],
+[striplib=
+old_striplib=
+AC_MSG_CHECKING([whether stripping libraries is possible])
+if test -n "$STRIP" && $STRIP -V 2>&1 | grep "GNU strip" >/dev/null; then
+ test -z "$old_striplib" && old_striplib="$STRIP --strip-debug"
+ test -z "$striplib" && striplib="$STRIP --strip-unneeded"
+ AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])
+else
+# FIXME - insert some real tests, host_os isn't really good enough
+ case $host_os in
+ darwin*)
+ if test -n "$STRIP" ; then
+ striplib="$STRIP -x"
+ AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])
+ else
+ AC_MSG_RESULT([no])
+fi
+ ;;
+ *)
+ AC_MSG_RESULT([no])
+ ;;
+ esac
+fi
+])# AC_LIBTOOL_SYS_LIB_STRIP
+
+
+# AC_LIBTOOL_SYS_DYNAMIC_LINKER
+# -----------------------------
+# PORTME Fill in your ld.so characteristics
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_SYS_DYNAMIC_LINKER],
+[AC_MSG_CHECKING([dynamic linker characteristics])
+library_names_spec=
+libname_spec='lib$name'
+soname_spec=
+shrext_cmds=".so"
+postinstall_cmds=
+postuninstall_cmds=
+finish_cmds=
+finish_eval=
+shlibpath_var=
+shlibpath_overrides_runpath=unknown
+version_type=none
+dynamic_linker="$host_os ld.so"
+sys_lib_dlsearch_path_spec="/lib /usr/lib"
+if test "$GCC" = yes; then
+ sys_lib_search_path_spec=`$CC -print-search-dirs | grep "^libraries:" | $SED -e "s/^libraries://" -e "s,=/,/,g"`
+ if echo "$sys_lib_search_path_spec" | grep ';' >/dev/null ; then
+ # if the path contains ";" then we assume it to be the separator
+ # otherwise default to the standard path separator (i.e. ":") - it is
+ # assumed that no part of a normal pathname contains ";" but that should
+ # okay in the real world where ";" in dirpaths is itself problematic.
+ sys_lib_search_path_spec=`echo "$sys_lib_search_path_spec" | $SED -e 's/;/ /g'`
+ else
+ sys_lib_search_path_spec=`echo "$sys_lib_search_path_spec" | $SED -e "s/$PATH_SEPARATOR/ /g"`
+ fi
+else
+ sys_lib_search_path_spec="/lib /usr/lib /usr/local/lib"
+fi
+need_lib_prefix=unknown
+hardcode_into_libs=no
+
+# when you set need_version to no, make sure it does not cause -set_version
+# flags to be left without arguments
+need_version=unknown
+
+case $host_os in
+aix3*)
+ version_type=linux
+ library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix $libname.a'
+ shlibpath_var=LIBPATH
+
+ # AIX 3 has no versioning support, so we append a major version to the name.
+ soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
+ ;;
+
+aix4* | aix5*)
+ version_type=linux
+ need_lib_prefix=no
+ need_version=no
+ hardcode_into_libs=yes
+ if test "$host_cpu" = ia64; then
+ # AIX 5 supports IA64
+ library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix $libname${shared_ext}'
+ shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
+ else
+ # With GCC up to 2.95.x, collect2 would create an import file
+ # for dependence libraries. The import file would start with
+ # the line `#! .'. This would cause the generated library to
+ # depend on `.', always an invalid library. This was fixed in
+ # development snapshots of GCC prior to 3.0.
+ case $host_os in
+ aix4 | aix4.[[01]] | aix4.[[01]].*)
+ if { echo '#if __GNUC__ > 2 || (__GNUC__ == 2 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 97)'
+ echo ' yes '
+ echo '#endif'; } | ${CC} -E - | grep yes > /dev/null; then
+ :
+ else
+ can_build_shared=no
+ fi
+ ;;
+ esac
+ # AIX (on Power*) has no versioning support, so currently we can not hardcode correct
+ # soname into executable. Probably we can add versioning support to
+ # collect2, so additional links can be useful in future.
+ if test "$aix_use_runtimelinking" = yes; then
+ # If using run time linking (on AIX 4.2 or later) use lib<name>.so
+ # instead of lib<name>.a to let people know that these are not
+ # typical AIX shared libraries.
+ library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major $libname${shared_ext}'
+ else
+ # We preserve .a as extension for shared libraries through AIX4.2
+ # and later when we are not doing run time linking.
+ library_names_spec='${libname}${release}.a $libname.a'
+ soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
+ fi
+ shlibpath_var=LIBPATH
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+amigaos*)
+ library_names_spec='$libname.ixlibrary $libname.a'
+ # Create ${libname}_ixlibrary.a entries in /sys/libs.
+ finish_eval='for lib in `ls $libdir/*.ixlibrary 2>/dev/null`; do libname=`$echo "X$lib" | $Xsed -e '\''s%^.*/\([[^/]]*\)\.ixlibrary$%\1%'\''`; test $rm /sys/libs/${libname}_ixlibrary.a; $show "cd /sys/libs && $LN_S $lib ${libname}_ixlibrary.a"; cd /sys/libs && $LN_S $lib ${libname}_ixlibrary.a || exit 1; done'
+ ;;
+
+beos*)
+ library_names_spec='${libname}${shared_ext}'
+ dynamic_linker="$host_os ld.so"
+ shlibpath_var=LIBRARY_PATH
+ ;;
+
+bsdi[[45]]*)
+ version_type=linux
+ need_version=no
+ library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major $libname${shared_ext}'
+ soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
+ finish_cmds='PATH="\$PATH:/sbin" ldconfig $libdir'
+ shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
+ sys_lib_search_path_spec="/shlib /usr/lib /usr/X11/lib /usr/contrib/lib /lib /usr/local/lib"
+ sys_lib_dlsearch_path_spec="/shlib /usr/lib /usr/local/lib"
+ # the default ld.so.conf also contains /usr/contrib/lib and
+ # /usr/X11R6/lib (/usr/X11 is a link to /usr/X11R6), but let us allow
+ # libtool to hard-code these into programs
+ ;;
+
+cygwin* | mingw* | pw32*)
+ version_type=windows
+ shrext_cmds=".dll"
+ need_version=no
+ need_lib_prefix=no
+
+ case $GCC,$host_os in
+ yes,cygwin* | yes,mingw* | yes,pw32*)
+ library_names_spec='$libname.dll.a'
+ # DLL is installed to $(libdir)/../bin by postinstall_cmds
+ postinstall_cmds='base_file=`basename \${file}`~
+ dlpath=`$SHELL 2>&1 -c '\''. $dir/'\''\${base_file}'\''i;echo \$dlname'\''`~
+ dldir=$destdir/`dirname \$dlpath`~
+ test -d \$dldir || mkdir -p \$dldir~
+ $install_prog $dir/$dlname \$dldir/$dlname~
+ chmod a+x \$dldir/$dlname'
+ postuninstall_cmds='dldll=`$SHELL 2>&1 -c '\''. $file; echo \$dlname'\''`~
+ dlpath=$dir/\$dldll~
+ $rm \$dlpath'
+ shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes
+
+ case $host_os in
+ cygwin*)
+ # Cygwin DLLs use 'cyg' prefix rather than 'lib'
+ soname_spec='`echo ${libname} | sed -e 's/^lib/cyg/'``echo ${release} | $SED -e 's/[[.]]/-/g'`${versuffix}${shared_ext}'
+ sys_lib_search_path_spec="/usr/lib /lib/w32api /lib /usr/local/lib"
+ ;;
+ mingw*)
+ # MinGW DLLs use traditional 'lib' prefix
+ soname_spec='${libname}`echo ${release} | $SED -e 's/[[.]]/-/g'`${versuffix}${shared_ext}'
+ sys_lib_search_path_spec=`$CC -print-search-dirs | grep "^libraries:" | $SED -e "s/^libraries://" -e "s,=/,/,g"`
+ if echo "$sys_lib_search_path_spec" | [grep ';[c-zC-Z]:/' >/dev/null]; then
+ # It is most probably a Windows format PATH printed by
+ # mingw gcc, but we are running on Cygwin. Gcc prints its search
+ # path with ; separators, and with drive letters. We can handle the
+ # drive letters (cygwin fileutils understands them), so leave them,
+ # especially as we might pass files found there to a mingw objdump,
+ # which wouldn't understand a cygwinified path. Ahh.
+ sys_lib_search_path_spec=`echo "$sys_lib_search_path_spec" | $SED -e 's/;/ /g'`
+ else
+ sys_lib_search_path_spec=`echo "$sys_lib_search_path_spec" | $SED -e "s/$PATH_SEPARATOR/ /g"`
+ fi
+ ;;
+ pw32*)
+ # pw32 DLLs use 'pw' prefix rather than 'lib'
+ library_names_spec='`echo ${libname} | sed -e 's/^lib/pw/'``echo ${release} | $SED -e 's/[[.]]/-/g'`${versuffix}${shared_ext}'
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+
+ *)
+ library_names_spec='${libname}`echo ${release} | $SED -e 's/[[.]]/-/g'`${versuffix}${shared_ext} $libname.lib'
+ ;;
+ esac
+ dynamic_linker='Win32 ld.exe'
+ # FIXME: first we should search . and the directory the executable is in
+ shlibpath_var=PATH
+ ;;
+
+darwin* | rhapsody*)
+ dynamic_linker="$host_os dyld"
+ version_type=darwin
+ need_lib_prefix=no
+ need_version=no
+ library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${versuffix}$shared_ext ${libname}${release}${major}$shared_ext ${libname}$shared_ext'
+ soname_spec='${libname}${release}${major}$shared_ext'
+ shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes
+ shlibpath_var=DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH
+ shrext_cmds='`test .$module = .yes && echo .so || echo .dylib`'
+ # Apple's gcc prints 'gcc -print-search-dirs' doesn't operate the same.
+ if test "$GCC" = yes; then
+ sys_lib_search_path_spec=`$CC -print-search-dirs | tr "\n" "$PATH_SEPARATOR" | sed -e 's/libraries:/@libraries:/' | tr "@" "\n" | grep "^libraries:" | sed -e "s/^libraries://" -e "s,=/,/,g" -e "s,$PATH_SEPARATOR, ,g" -e "s,.*,& /lib /usr/lib /usr/local/lib,g"`
+ else
+ sys_lib_search_path_spec='/lib /usr/lib /usr/local/lib'
+ fi
+ sys_lib_dlsearch_path_spec='/usr/local/lib /lib /usr/lib'
+ ;;
+
+dgux*)
+ version_type=linux
+ need_lib_prefix=no
+ need_version=no
+ library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major $libname$shared_ext'
+ soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
+ shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
+ ;;
+
+freebsd1*)
+ dynamic_linker=no
+ ;;
+
+freebsd* | dragonfly*)
+ # DragonFly does not have aout. When/if they implement a new
+ # versioning mechanism, adjust this.
+ if test -x /usr/bin/objformat; then
+ objformat=`/usr/bin/objformat`
+ else
+ case $host_os in
+ freebsd[[123]]*) objformat=aout ;;
+ *) objformat=elf ;;
+ esac
+ fi
+ version_type=freebsd-$objformat
+ case $version_type in
+ freebsd-elf*)
+ library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext} $libname${shared_ext}'
+ need_version=no
+ need_lib_prefix=no
+ ;;
+ freebsd-*)
+ library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix $libname${shared_ext}$versuffix'
+ need_version=yes
+ ;;
+ esac
+ shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
+ case $host_os in
+ freebsd2*)
+ shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes
+ ;;
+ freebsd3.[[01]]* | freebsdelf3.[[01]]*)
+ shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes
+ hardcode_into_libs=yes
+ ;;
+ freebsd3.[[2-9]]* | freebsdelf3.[[2-9]]* | \
+ freebsd4.[[0-5]] | freebsdelf4.[[0-5]] | freebsd4.1.1 | freebsdelf4.1.1)
+ shlibpath_overrides_runpath=no
+ hardcode_into_libs=yes
+ ;;
+ freebsd*) # from 4.6 on
+ shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes
+ hardcode_into_libs=yes
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+
+gnu*)
+ version_type=linux
+ need_lib_prefix=no
+ need_version=no
+ library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}${major} ${libname}${shared_ext}'
+ soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
+ shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
+ hardcode_into_libs=yes
+ ;;
+
+hpux9* | hpux10* | hpux11*)
+ # Give a soname corresponding to the major version so that dld.sl refuses to
+ # link against other versions.
+ version_type=sunos
+ need_lib_prefix=no
+ need_version=no
+ case $host_cpu in
+ ia64*)
+ shrext_cmds='.so'
+ hardcode_into_libs=yes
+ dynamic_linker="$host_os dld.so"
+ shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
+ shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes # Unless +noenvvar is specified.
+ library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major $libname${shared_ext}'
+ soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
+ if test "X$HPUX_IA64_MODE" = X32; then
+ sys_lib_search_path_spec="/usr/lib/hpux32 /usr/local/lib/hpux32 /usr/local/lib"
+ else
+ sys_lib_search_path_spec="/usr/lib/hpux64 /usr/local/lib/hpux64"
+ fi
+ sys_lib_dlsearch_path_spec=$sys_lib_search_path_spec
+ ;;
+ hppa*64*)
+ shrext_cmds='.sl'
+ hardcode_into_libs=yes
+ dynamic_linker="$host_os dld.sl"
+ shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH # How should we handle SHLIB_PATH
+ shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes # Unless +noenvvar is specified.
+ library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major $libname${shared_ext}'
+ soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
+ sys_lib_search_path_spec="/usr/lib/pa20_64 /usr/ccs/lib/pa20_64"
+ sys_lib_dlsearch_path_spec=$sys_lib_search_path_spec
+ ;;
+ *)
+ shrext_cmds='.sl'
+ dynamic_linker="$host_os dld.sl"
+ shlibpath_var=SHLIB_PATH
+ shlibpath_overrides_runpath=no # +s is required to enable SHLIB_PATH
+ library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major $libname${shared_ext}'
+ soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
+ ;;
+ esac
+ # HP-UX runs *really* slowly unless shared libraries are mode 555.
+ postinstall_cmds='chmod 555 $lib'
+ ;;
+
+interix3*)
+ version_type=linux
+ need_lib_prefix=no
+ need_version=no
+ library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major ${libname}${shared_ext}'
+ soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
+ dynamic_linker='Interix 3.x ld.so.1 (PE, like ELF)'
+ shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
+ shlibpath_overrides_runpath=no
+ hardcode_into_libs=yes
+ ;;
+
+irix5* | irix6* | nonstopux*)
+ case $host_os in
+ nonstopux*) version_type=nonstopux ;;
+ *)
+ if test "$lt_cv_prog_gnu_ld" = yes; then
+ version_type=linux
+ else
+ version_type=irix
+ fi ;;
+ esac
+ need_lib_prefix=no
+ need_version=no
+ soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
+ library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major ${libname}${release}${shared_ext} $libname${shared_ext}'
+ case $host_os in
+ irix5* | nonstopux*)
+ libsuff= shlibsuff=
+ ;;
+ *)
+ case $LD in # libtool.m4 will add one of these switches to LD
+ *-32|*"-32 "|*-melf32bsmip|*"-melf32bsmip ")
+ libsuff= shlibsuff= libmagic=32-bit;;
+ *-n32|*"-n32 "|*-melf32bmipn32|*"-melf32bmipn32 ")
+ libsuff=32 shlibsuff=N32 libmagic=N32;;
+ *-64|*"-64 "|*-melf64bmip|*"-melf64bmip ")
+ libsuff=64 shlibsuff=64 libmagic=64-bit;;
+ *) libsuff= shlibsuff= libmagic=never-match;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ esac
+ shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY${shlibsuff}_PATH
+ shlibpath_overrides_runpath=no
+ sys_lib_search_path_spec="/usr/lib${libsuff} /lib${libsuff} /usr/local/lib${libsuff}"
+ sys_lib_dlsearch_path_spec="/usr/lib${libsuff} /lib${libsuff}"
+ hardcode_into_libs=yes
+ ;;
+
+# No shared lib support for Linux oldld, aout, or coff.
+linux*oldld* | linux*aout* | linux*coff*)
+ dynamic_linker=no
+ ;;
+
+# This must be Linux ELF.
+linux* | k*bsd*-gnu)
+ version_type=linux
+ need_lib_prefix=no
+ need_version=no
+ library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major $libname${shared_ext}'
+ soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
+ finish_cmds='PATH="\$PATH:/sbin" ldconfig -n $libdir'
+ shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
+ shlibpath_overrides_runpath=no
+ # This implies no fast_install, which is unacceptable.
+ # Some rework will be needed to allow for fast_install
+ # before this can be enabled.
+ hardcode_into_libs=yes
+
+ # Append ld.so.conf contents to the search path
+ if test -f /etc/ld.so.conf; then
+ lt_ld_extra=`awk '/^include / { system(sprintf("cd /etc; cat %s", \[$]2)); skip = 1; } { if (!skip) print \[$]0; skip = 0; }' < /etc/ld.so.conf | $SED -e 's/#.*//;s/[:, ]/ /g;s/=[^=]*$//;s/=[^= ]* / /g;/^$/d' | tr '\n' ' '`
+ sys_lib_dlsearch_path_spec="/lib /usr/lib $lt_ld_extra"
+ fi
+
+ # We used to test for /lib/ld.so.1 and disable shared libraries on
+ # powerpc, because MkLinux only supported shared libraries with the
+ # GNU dynamic linker. Since this was broken with cross compilers,
+ # most powerpc-linux boxes support dynamic linking these days and
+ # people can always --disable-shared, the test was removed, and we
+ # assume the GNU/Linux dynamic linker is in use.
+ dynamic_linker='GNU/Linux ld.so'
+ ;;
+
+netbsdelf*-gnu)
+ version_type=linux
+ need_lib_prefix=no
+ need_version=no
+ library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major ${libname}${shared_ext}'
+ soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
+ shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
+ shlibpath_overrides_runpath=no
+ hardcode_into_libs=yes
+ dynamic_linker='NetBSD ld.elf_so'
+ ;;
+
+netbsd*)
+ version_type=sunos
+ need_lib_prefix=no
+ need_version=no
+ if echo __ELF__ | $CC -E - | grep __ELF__ >/dev/null; then
+ library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${shared_ext}$versuffix'
+ finish_cmds='PATH="\$PATH:/sbin" ldconfig -m $libdir'
+ dynamic_linker='NetBSD (a.out) ld.so'
+ else
+ library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major ${libname}${shared_ext}'
+ soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
+ dynamic_linker='NetBSD ld.elf_so'
+ fi
+ shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
+ shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes
+ hardcode_into_libs=yes
+ ;;
+
+newsos6)
+ version_type=linux
+ library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major $libname${shared_ext}'
+ shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
+ shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes
+ ;;
+
+nto-qnx*)
+ version_type=linux
+ need_lib_prefix=no
+ need_version=no
+ library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major $libname${shared_ext}'
+ soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
+ shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
+ shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes
+ ;;
+
+openbsd*)
+ version_type=sunos
+ sys_lib_dlsearch_path_spec="/usr/lib"
+ need_lib_prefix=no
+ # Some older versions of OpenBSD (3.3 at least) *do* need versioned libs.
+ case $host_os in
+ openbsd3.3 | openbsd3.3.*) need_version=yes ;;
+ *) need_version=no ;;
+ esac
+ library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${shared_ext}$versuffix'
+ finish_cmds='PATH="\$PATH:/sbin" ldconfig -m $libdir'
+ shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
+ if test -z "`echo __ELF__ | $CC -E - | grep __ELF__`" || test "$host_os-$host_cpu" = "openbsd2.8-powerpc"; then
+ case $host_os in
+ openbsd2.[[89]] | openbsd2.[[89]].*)
+ shlibpath_overrides_runpath=no
+ ;;
+ *)
+ shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes
+ ;;
+ esac
+ else
+ shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+os2*)
+ libname_spec='$name'
+ shrext_cmds=".dll"
+ need_lib_prefix=no
+ library_names_spec='$libname${shared_ext} $libname.a'
+ dynamic_linker='OS/2 ld.exe'
+ shlibpath_var=LIBPATH
+ ;;
+
+osf3* | osf4* | osf5*)
+ version_type=osf
+ need_lib_prefix=no
+ need_version=no
+ soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
+ library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major $libname${shared_ext}'
+ shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
+ sys_lib_search_path_spec="/usr/shlib /usr/ccs/lib /usr/lib/cmplrs/cc /usr/lib /usr/local/lib /var/shlib"
+ sys_lib_dlsearch_path_spec="$sys_lib_search_path_spec"
+ ;;
+
+solaris*)
+ version_type=linux
+ need_lib_prefix=no
+ need_version=no
+ library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major $libname${shared_ext}'
+ soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
+ shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
+ shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes
+ hardcode_into_libs=yes
+ # ldd complains unless libraries are executable
+ postinstall_cmds='chmod +x $lib'
+ ;;
+
+sunos4*)
+ version_type=sunos
+ library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${shared_ext}$versuffix'
+ finish_cmds='PATH="\$PATH:/usr/etc" ldconfig $libdir'
+ shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
+ shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes
+ if test "$with_gnu_ld" = yes; then
+ need_lib_prefix=no
+ fi
+ need_version=yes
+ ;;
+
+sysv4 | sysv4.3*)
+ version_type=linux
+ library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major $libname${shared_ext}'
+ soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
+ shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
+ case $host_vendor in
+ sni)
+ shlibpath_overrides_runpath=no
+ need_lib_prefix=no
+ export_dynamic_flag_spec='${wl}-Blargedynsym'
+ runpath_var=LD_RUN_PATH
+ ;;
+ siemens)
+ need_lib_prefix=no
+ ;;
+ motorola)
+ need_lib_prefix=no
+ need_version=no
+ shlibpath_overrides_runpath=no
+ sys_lib_search_path_spec='/lib /usr/lib /usr/ccs/lib'
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+
+sysv4*MP*)
+ if test -d /usr/nec ;then
+ version_type=linux
+ library_names_spec='$libname${shared_ext}.$versuffix $libname${shared_ext}.$major $libname${shared_ext}'
+ soname_spec='$libname${shared_ext}.$major'
+ shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+sysv5* | sco3.2v5* | sco5v6* | unixware* | OpenUNIX* | sysv4*uw2*)
+ version_type=freebsd-elf
+ need_lib_prefix=no
+ need_version=no
+ library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext} $libname${shared_ext}'
+ soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
+ shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
+ hardcode_into_libs=yes
+ if test "$with_gnu_ld" = yes; then
+ sys_lib_search_path_spec='/usr/local/lib /usr/gnu/lib /usr/ccs/lib /usr/lib /lib'
+ shlibpath_overrides_runpath=no
+ else
+ sys_lib_search_path_spec='/usr/ccs/lib /usr/lib'
+ shlibpath_overrides_runpath=yes
+ case $host_os in
+ sco3.2v5*)
+ sys_lib_search_path_spec="$sys_lib_search_path_spec /lib"
+ ;;
+ esac
+ fi
+ sys_lib_dlsearch_path_spec='/usr/lib'
+ ;;
+
+uts4*)
+ version_type=linux
+ library_names_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$versuffix ${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major $libname${shared_ext}'
+ soname_spec='${libname}${release}${shared_ext}$major'
+ shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH
+ ;;
+
+*)
+ dynamic_linker=no
+ ;;
+esac
+AC_MSG_RESULT([$dynamic_linker])
+test "$dynamic_linker" = no && can_build_shared=no
+
+variables_saved_for_relink="PATH $shlibpath_var $runpath_var"
+if test "$GCC" = yes; then
+ variables_saved_for_relink="$variables_saved_for_relink GCC_EXEC_PREFIX COMPILER_PATH LIBRARY_PATH"
+fi
+])# AC_LIBTOOL_SYS_DYNAMIC_LINKER
+
+
+# _LT_AC_TAGCONFIG
+# ----------------
+AC_DEFUN([_LT_AC_TAGCONFIG],
+[AC_ARG_WITH([tags],
+ [AC_HELP_STRING([--with-tags@<:@=TAGS@:>@],
+ [include additional configurations @<:@automatic@:>@])],
+ [tagnames="$withval"])
+
+if test -f "$ltmain" && test -n "$tagnames"; then
+ if test ! -f "${ofile}"; then
+ AC_MSG_WARN([output file `$ofile' does not exist])
+ fi
+
+ if test -z "$LTCC"; then
+ eval "`$SHELL ${ofile} --config | grep '^LTCC='`"
+ if test -z "$LTCC"; then
+ AC_MSG_WARN([output file `$ofile' does not look like a libtool script])
+ else
+ AC_MSG_WARN([using `LTCC=$LTCC', extracted from `$ofile'])
+ fi
+ fi
+ if test -z "$LTCFLAGS"; then
+ eval "`$SHELL ${ofile} --config | grep '^LTCFLAGS='`"
+ fi
+
+ # Extract list of available tagged configurations in $ofile.
+ # Note that this assumes the entire list is on one line.
+ available_tags=`grep "^available_tags=" "${ofile}" | $SED -e 's/available_tags=\(.*$\)/\1/' -e 's/\"//g'`
+
+ lt_save_ifs="$IFS"; IFS="${IFS}$PATH_SEPARATOR,"
+ for tagname in $tagnames; do
+ IFS="$lt_save_ifs"
+ # Check whether tagname contains only valid characters
+ case `$echo "X$tagname" | $Xsed -e 's:[[-_ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz1234567890,/]]::g'` in
+ "") ;;
+ *) AC_MSG_ERROR([invalid tag name: $tagname])
+ ;;
+ esac
+
+ if grep "^# ### BEGIN LIBTOOL TAG CONFIG: $tagname$" < "${ofile}" > /dev/null
+ then
+ AC_MSG_ERROR([tag name \"$tagname\" already exists])
+ fi
+
+ # Update the list of available tags.
+ if test -n "$tagname"; then
+ echo appending configuration tag \"$tagname\" to $ofile
+
+ case $tagname in
+ CXX)
+ if test -n "$CXX" && ( test "X$CXX" != "Xno" &&
+ ( (test "X$CXX" = "Xg++" && `g++ -v >/dev/null 2>&1` ) ||
+ (test "X$CXX" != "Xg++"))) ; then
+ AC_LIBTOOL_LANG_CXX_CONFIG
+ else
+ tagname=""
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+ F77)
+ if test -n "$F77" && test "X$F77" != "Xno"; then
+ AC_LIBTOOL_LANG_F77_CONFIG
+ else
+ tagname=""
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+ GCJ)
+ if test -n "$GCJ" && test "X$GCJ" != "Xno"; then
+ AC_LIBTOOL_LANG_GCJ_CONFIG
+ else
+ tagname=""
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+ RC)
+ AC_LIBTOOL_LANG_RC_CONFIG
+ ;;
+
+ *)
+ AC_MSG_ERROR([Unsupported tag name: $tagname])
+ ;;
+ esac
+
+ # Append the new tag name to the list of available tags.
+ if test -n "$tagname" ; then
+ available_tags="$available_tags $tagname"
+ fi
+ fi
+ done
+ IFS="$lt_save_ifs"
+
+ # Now substitute the updated list of available tags.
+ if eval "sed -e 's/^available_tags=.*\$/available_tags=\"$available_tags\"/' \"$ofile\" > \"${ofile}T\""; then
+ mv "${ofile}T" "$ofile"
+ chmod +x "$ofile"
+ else
+ rm -f "${ofile}T"
+ AC_MSG_ERROR([unable to update list of available tagged configurations.])
+ fi
+fi
+])# _LT_AC_TAGCONFIG
+
+
+# AC_LIBTOOL_DLOPEN
+# -----------------
+# enable checks for dlopen support
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_DLOPEN],
+ [AC_BEFORE([$0],[AC_LIBTOOL_SETUP])
+])# AC_LIBTOOL_DLOPEN
+
+
+# AC_LIBTOOL_WIN32_DLL
+# --------------------
+# declare package support for building win32 DLLs
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_WIN32_DLL],
+[AC_BEFORE([$0], [AC_LIBTOOL_SETUP])
+])# AC_LIBTOOL_WIN32_DLL
+
+
+# AC_ENABLE_SHARED([DEFAULT])
+# ---------------------------
+# implement the --enable-shared flag
+# DEFAULT is either `yes' or `no'. If omitted, it defaults to `yes'.
+AC_DEFUN([AC_ENABLE_SHARED],
+[define([AC_ENABLE_SHARED_DEFAULT], ifelse($1, no, no, yes))dnl
+AC_ARG_ENABLE([shared],
+ [AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-shared@<:@=PKGS@:>@],
+ [build shared libraries @<:@default=]AC_ENABLE_SHARED_DEFAULT[@:>@])],
+ [p=${PACKAGE-default}
+ case $enableval in
+ yes) enable_shared=yes ;;
+ no) enable_shared=no ;;
+ *)
+ enable_shared=no
+ # Look at the argument we got. We use all the common list separators.
+ lt_save_ifs="$IFS"; IFS="${IFS}$PATH_SEPARATOR,"
+ for pkg in $enableval; do
+ IFS="$lt_save_ifs"
+ if test "X$pkg" = "X$p"; then
+ enable_shared=yes
+ fi
+ done
+ IFS="$lt_save_ifs"
+ ;;
+ esac],
+ [enable_shared=]AC_ENABLE_SHARED_DEFAULT)
+])# AC_ENABLE_SHARED
+
+
+# AC_DISABLE_SHARED
+# -----------------
+# set the default shared flag to --disable-shared
+AC_DEFUN([AC_DISABLE_SHARED],
+[AC_BEFORE([$0],[AC_LIBTOOL_SETUP])dnl
+AC_ENABLE_SHARED(no)
+])# AC_DISABLE_SHARED
+
+
+# AC_ENABLE_STATIC([DEFAULT])
+# ---------------------------
+# implement the --enable-static flag
+# DEFAULT is either `yes' or `no'. If omitted, it defaults to `yes'.
+AC_DEFUN([AC_ENABLE_STATIC],
+[define([AC_ENABLE_STATIC_DEFAULT], ifelse($1, no, no, yes))dnl
+AC_ARG_ENABLE([static],
+ [AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-static@<:@=PKGS@:>@],
+ [build static libraries @<:@default=]AC_ENABLE_STATIC_DEFAULT[@:>@])],
+ [p=${PACKAGE-default}
+ case $enableval in
+ yes) enable_static=yes ;;
+ no) enable_static=no ;;
+ *)
+ enable_static=no
+ # Look at the argument we got. We use all the common list separators.
+ lt_save_ifs="$IFS"; IFS="${IFS}$PATH_SEPARATOR,"
+ for pkg in $enableval; do
+ IFS="$lt_save_ifs"
+ if test "X$pkg" = "X$p"; then
+ enable_static=yes
+ fi
+ done
+ IFS="$lt_save_ifs"
+ ;;
+ esac],
+ [enable_static=]AC_ENABLE_STATIC_DEFAULT)
+])# AC_ENABLE_STATIC
+
+
+# AC_DISABLE_STATIC
+# -----------------
+# set the default static flag to --disable-static
+AC_DEFUN([AC_DISABLE_STATIC],
+[AC_BEFORE([$0],[AC_LIBTOOL_SETUP])dnl
+AC_ENABLE_STATIC(no)
+])# AC_DISABLE_STATIC
+
+
+# AC_ENABLE_FAST_INSTALL([DEFAULT])
+# ---------------------------------
+# implement the --enable-fast-install flag
+# DEFAULT is either `yes' or `no'. If omitted, it defaults to `yes'.
+AC_DEFUN([AC_ENABLE_FAST_INSTALL],
+[define([AC_ENABLE_FAST_INSTALL_DEFAULT], ifelse($1, no, no, yes))dnl
+AC_ARG_ENABLE([fast-install],
+ [AC_HELP_STRING([--enable-fast-install@<:@=PKGS@:>@],
+ [optimize for fast installation @<:@default=]AC_ENABLE_FAST_INSTALL_DEFAULT[@:>@])],
+ [p=${PACKAGE-default}
+ case $enableval in
+ yes) enable_fast_install=yes ;;
+ no) enable_fast_install=no ;;
+ *)
+ enable_fast_install=no
+ # Look at the argument we got. We use all the common list separators.
+ lt_save_ifs="$IFS"; IFS="${IFS}$PATH_SEPARATOR,"
+ for pkg in $enableval; do
+ IFS="$lt_save_ifs"
+ if test "X$pkg" = "X$p"; then
+ enable_fast_install=yes
+ fi
+ done
+ IFS="$lt_save_ifs"
+ ;;
+ esac],
+ [enable_fast_install=]AC_ENABLE_FAST_INSTALL_DEFAULT)
+])# AC_ENABLE_FAST_INSTALL
+
+
+# AC_DISABLE_FAST_INSTALL
+# -----------------------
+# set the default to --disable-fast-install
+AC_DEFUN([AC_DISABLE_FAST_INSTALL],
+[AC_BEFORE([$0],[AC_LIBTOOL_SETUP])dnl
+AC_ENABLE_FAST_INSTALL(no)
+])# AC_DISABLE_FAST_INSTALL
+
+
+# AC_LIBTOOL_PICMODE([MODE])
+# --------------------------
+# implement the --with-pic flag
+# MODE is either `yes' or `no'. If omitted, it defaults to `both'.
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_PICMODE],
+[AC_BEFORE([$0],[AC_LIBTOOL_SETUP])dnl
+pic_mode=ifelse($#,1,$1,default)
+])# AC_LIBTOOL_PICMODE
+
+
+# AC_PROG_EGREP
+# -------------
+# This is predefined starting with Autoconf 2.54, so this conditional
+# definition can be removed once we require Autoconf 2.54 or later.
+m4_ifndef([AC_PROG_EGREP], [AC_DEFUN([AC_PROG_EGREP],
+[AC_CACHE_CHECK([for egrep], [ac_cv_prog_egrep],
+ [if echo a | (grep -E '(a|b)') >/dev/null 2>&1
+ then ac_cv_prog_egrep='grep -E'
+ else ac_cv_prog_egrep='egrep'
+ fi])
+ EGREP=$ac_cv_prog_egrep
+ AC_SUBST([EGREP])
+])])
+
+
+# AC_PATH_TOOL_PREFIX
+# -------------------
+# find a file program which can recognise shared library
+AC_DEFUN([AC_PATH_TOOL_PREFIX],
+[AC_REQUIRE([AC_PROG_EGREP])dnl
+AC_MSG_CHECKING([for $1])
+AC_CACHE_VAL(lt_cv_path_MAGIC_CMD,
+[case $MAGIC_CMD in
+[[\\/*] | ?:[\\/]*])
+ lt_cv_path_MAGIC_CMD="$MAGIC_CMD" # Let the user override the test with a path.
+ ;;
+*)
+ lt_save_MAGIC_CMD="$MAGIC_CMD"
+ lt_save_ifs="$IFS"; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
+dnl $ac_dummy forces splitting on constant user-supplied paths.
+dnl POSIX.2 word splitting is done only on the output of word expansions,
+dnl not every word. This closes a longstanding sh security hole.
+ ac_dummy="ifelse([$2], , $PATH, [$2])"
+ for ac_dir in $ac_dummy; do
+ IFS="$lt_save_ifs"
+ test -z "$ac_dir" && ac_dir=.
+ if test -f $ac_dir/$1; then
+ lt_cv_path_MAGIC_CMD="$ac_dir/$1"
+ if test -n "$file_magic_test_file"; then
+ case $deplibs_check_method in
+ "file_magic "*)
+ file_magic_regex=`expr "$deplibs_check_method" : "file_magic \(.*\)"`
+ MAGIC_CMD="$lt_cv_path_MAGIC_CMD"
+ if eval $file_magic_cmd \$file_magic_test_file 2> /dev/null |
+ $EGREP "$file_magic_regex" > /dev/null; then
+ :
+ else
+ cat <<EOF 1>&2
+
+*** Warning: the command libtool uses to detect shared libraries,
+*** $file_magic_cmd, produces output that libtool cannot recognize.
+*** The result is that libtool may fail to recognize shared libraries
+*** as such. This will affect the creation of libtool libraries that
+*** depend on shared libraries, but programs linked with such libtool
+*** libraries will work regardless of this problem. Nevertheless, you
+*** may want to report the problem to your system manager and/or to
+*** bug-libtool@gnu.org
+
+EOF
+ fi ;;
+ esac
+ fi
+ break
+ fi
+ done
+ IFS="$lt_save_ifs"
+ MAGIC_CMD="$lt_save_MAGIC_CMD"
+ ;;
+esac])
+MAGIC_CMD="$lt_cv_path_MAGIC_CMD"
+if test -n "$MAGIC_CMD"; then
+ AC_MSG_RESULT($MAGIC_CMD)
+else
+ AC_MSG_RESULT(no)
+fi
+])# AC_PATH_TOOL_PREFIX
+
+
+# AC_PATH_MAGIC
+# -------------
+# find a file program which can recognise a shared library
+AC_DEFUN([AC_PATH_MAGIC],
+[AC_PATH_TOOL_PREFIX(${ac_tool_prefix}file, /usr/bin$PATH_SEPARATOR$PATH)
+if test -z "$lt_cv_path_MAGIC_CMD"; then
+ if test -n "$ac_tool_prefix"; then
+ AC_PATH_TOOL_PREFIX(file, /usr/bin$PATH_SEPARATOR$PATH)
+ else
+ MAGIC_CMD=:
+ fi
+fi
+])# AC_PATH_MAGIC
+
+
+# AC_PROG_LD
+# ----------
+# find the pathname to the GNU or non-GNU linker
+AC_DEFUN([AC_PROG_LD],
+[AC_ARG_WITH([gnu-ld],
+ [AC_HELP_STRING([--with-gnu-ld],
+ [assume the C compiler uses GNU ld @<:@default=no@:>@])],
+ [test "$withval" = no || with_gnu_ld=yes],
+ [with_gnu_ld=no])
+AC_REQUIRE([LT_AC_PROG_SED])dnl
+AC_REQUIRE([AC_PROG_CC])dnl
+AC_REQUIRE([AC_CANONICAL_HOST])dnl
+AC_REQUIRE([AC_CANONICAL_BUILD])dnl
+ac_prog=ld
+if test "$GCC" = yes; then
+ # Check if gcc -print-prog-name=ld gives a path.
+ AC_MSG_CHECKING([for ld used by $CC])
+ case $host in
+ *-*-mingw*)
+ # gcc leaves a trailing carriage return which upsets mingw
+ ac_prog=`($CC -print-prog-name=ld) 2>&5 | tr -d '\015'` ;;
+ *)
+ ac_prog=`($CC -print-prog-name=ld) 2>&5` ;;
+ esac
+ case $ac_prog in
+ # Accept absolute paths.
+ [[\\/]]* | ?:[[\\/]]*)
+ re_direlt='/[[^/]][[^/]]*/\.\./'
+ # Canonicalize the pathname of ld
+ ac_prog=`echo $ac_prog| $SED 's%\\\\%/%g'`
+ while echo $ac_prog | grep "$re_direlt" > /dev/null 2>&1; do
+ ac_prog=`echo $ac_prog| $SED "s%$re_direlt%/%"`
+ done
+ test -z "$LD" && LD="$ac_prog"
+ ;;
+ "")
+ # If it fails, then pretend we aren't using GCC.
+ ac_prog=ld
+ ;;
+ *)
+ # If it is relative, then search for the first ld in PATH.
+ with_gnu_ld=unknown
+ ;;
+ esac
+elif test "$with_gnu_ld" = yes; then
+ AC_MSG_CHECKING([for GNU ld])
+else
+ AC_MSG_CHECKING([for non-GNU ld])
+fi
+AC_CACHE_VAL(lt_cv_path_LD,
+[if test -z "$LD"; then
+ lt_save_ifs="$IFS"; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
+ for ac_dir in $PATH; do
+ IFS="$lt_save_ifs"
+ test -z "$ac_dir" && ac_dir=.
+ if test -f "$ac_dir/$ac_prog" || test -f "$ac_dir/$ac_prog$ac_exeext"; then
+ lt_cv_path_LD="$ac_dir/$ac_prog"
+ # Check to see if the program is GNU ld. I'd rather use --version,
+ # but apparently some variants of GNU ld only accept -v.
+ # Break only if it was the GNU/non-GNU ld that we prefer.
+ case `"$lt_cv_path_LD" -v 2>&1 </dev/null` in
+ *GNU* | *'with BFD'*)
+ test "$with_gnu_ld" != no && break
+ ;;
+ *)
+ test "$with_gnu_ld" != yes && break
+ ;;
+ esac
+ fi
+ done
+ IFS="$lt_save_ifs"
+else
+ lt_cv_path_LD="$LD" # Let the user override the test with a path.
+fi])
+LD="$lt_cv_path_LD"
+if test -n "$LD"; then
+ AC_MSG_RESULT($LD)
+else
+ AC_MSG_RESULT(no)
+fi
+test -z "$LD" && AC_MSG_ERROR([no acceptable ld found in \$PATH])
+AC_PROG_LD_GNU
+])# AC_PROG_LD
+
+
+# AC_PROG_LD_GNU
+# --------------
+AC_DEFUN([AC_PROG_LD_GNU],
+[AC_REQUIRE([AC_PROG_EGREP])dnl
+AC_CACHE_CHECK([if the linker ($LD) is GNU ld], lt_cv_prog_gnu_ld,
+[# I'd rather use --version here, but apparently some GNU lds only accept -v.
+case `$LD -v 2>&1 </dev/null` in
+*GNU* | *'with BFD'*)
+ lt_cv_prog_gnu_ld=yes
+ ;;
+*)
+ lt_cv_prog_gnu_ld=no
+ ;;
+esac])
+with_gnu_ld=$lt_cv_prog_gnu_ld
+])# AC_PROG_LD_GNU
+
+
+# AC_PROG_LD_RELOAD_FLAG
+# ----------------------
+# find reload flag for linker
+# -- PORTME Some linkers may need a different reload flag.
+AC_DEFUN([AC_PROG_LD_RELOAD_FLAG],
+[AC_CACHE_CHECK([for $LD option to reload object files],
+ lt_cv_ld_reload_flag,
+ [lt_cv_ld_reload_flag='-r'])
+reload_flag=$lt_cv_ld_reload_flag
+case $reload_flag in
+"" | " "*) ;;
+*) reload_flag=" $reload_flag" ;;
+esac
+reload_cmds='$LD$reload_flag -o $output$reload_objs'
+case $host_os in
+ darwin*)
+ if test "$GCC" = yes; then
+ reload_cmds='$LTCC $LTCFLAGS -nostdlib ${wl}-r -o $output$reload_objs'
+ else
+ reload_cmds='$LD$reload_flag -o $output$reload_objs'
+ fi
+ ;;
+esac
+])# AC_PROG_LD_RELOAD_FLAG
+
+
+# AC_DEPLIBS_CHECK_METHOD
+# -----------------------
+# how to check for library dependencies
+# -- PORTME fill in with the dynamic library characteristics
+AC_DEFUN([AC_DEPLIBS_CHECK_METHOD],
+[AC_CACHE_CHECK([how to recognise dependent libraries],
+lt_cv_deplibs_check_method,
+[lt_cv_file_magic_cmd='$MAGIC_CMD'
+lt_cv_file_magic_test_file=
+lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='unknown'
+# Need to set the preceding variable on all platforms that support
+# interlibrary dependencies.
+# 'none' -- dependencies not supported.
+# `unknown' -- same as none, but documents that we really don't know.
+# 'pass_all' -- all dependencies passed with no checks.
+# 'test_compile' -- check by making test program.
+# 'file_magic [[regex]]' -- check by looking for files in library path
+# which responds to the $file_magic_cmd with a given extended regex.
+# If you have `file' or equivalent on your system and you're not sure
+# whether `pass_all' will *always* work, you probably want this one.
+
+case $host_os in
+aix4* | aix5*)
+ lt_cv_deplibs_check_method=pass_all
+ ;;
+
+beos*)
+ lt_cv_deplibs_check_method=pass_all
+ ;;
+
+bsdi[[45]]*)
+ lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='file_magic ELF [[0-9]][[0-9]]*-bit [[ML]]SB (shared object|dynamic lib)'
+ lt_cv_file_magic_cmd='/usr/bin/file -L'
+ lt_cv_file_magic_test_file=/shlib/libc.so
+ ;;
+
+cygwin*)
+ # func_win32_libid is a shell function defined in ltmain.sh
+ lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='file_magic ^x86 archive import|^x86 DLL'
+ lt_cv_file_magic_cmd='func_win32_libid'
+ ;;
+
+mingw* | pw32*)
+ # Base MSYS/MinGW do not provide the 'file' command needed by
+ # func_win32_libid shell function, so use a weaker test based on 'objdump'.
+ lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='file_magic file format pei*-i386(.*architecture: i386)?'
+ lt_cv_file_magic_cmd='$OBJDUMP -f'
+ ;;
+
+darwin* | rhapsody*)
+ lt_cv_deplibs_check_method=pass_all
+ ;;
+
+freebsd* | dragonfly*)
+ if echo __ELF__ | $CC -E - | grep __ELF__ > /dev/null; then
+ case $host_cpu in
+ i*86 )
+ # Not sure whether the presence of OpenBSD here was a mistake.
+ # Let's accept both of them until this is cleared up.
+ lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='file_magic (FreeBSD|OpenBSD|DragonFly)/i[[3-9]]86 (compact )?demand paged shared library'
+ lt_cv_file_magic_cmd=/usr/bin/file
+ lt_cv_file_magic_test_file=`echo /usr/lib/libc.so.*`
+ ;;
+ esac
+ else
+ lt_cv_deplibs_check_method=pass_all
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+gnu*)
+ lt_cv_deplibs_check_method=pass_all
+ ;;
+
+hpux10.20* | hpux11*)
+ lt_cv_file_magic_cmd=/usr/bin/file
+ case $host_cpu in
+ ia64*)
+ lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='file_magic (s[[0-9]][[0-9]][[0-9]]|ELF-[[0-9]][[0-9]]) shared object file - IA64'
+ lt_cv_file_magic_test_file=/usr/lib/hpux32/libc.so
+ ;;
+ hppa*64*)
+ [lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='file_magic (s[0-9][0-9][0-9]|ELF-[0-9][0-9]) shared object file - PA-RISC [0-9].[0-9]']
+ lt_cv_file_magic_test_file=/usr/lib/pa20_64/libc.sl
+ ;;
+ *)
+ lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='file_magic (s[[0-9]][[0-9]][[0-9]]|PA-RISC[[0-9]].[[0-9]]) shared library'
+ lt_cv_file_magic_test_file=/usr/lib/libc.sl
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+
+interix3*)
+ # PIC code is broken on Interix 3.x, that's why |\.a not |_pic\.a here
+ lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='match_pattern /lib[[^/]]+(\.so|\.a)$'
+ ;;
+
+irix5* | irix6* | nonstopux*)
+ case $LD in
+ *-32|*"-32 ") libmagic=32-bit;;
+ *-n32|*"-n32 ") libmagic=N32;;
+ *-64|*"-64 ") libmagic=64-bit;;
+ *) libmagic=never-match;;
+ esac
+ lt_cv_deplibs_check_method=pass_all
+ ;;
+
+# This must be Linux ELF.
+linux* | k*bsd*-gnu)
+ lt_cv_deplibs_check_method=pass_all
+ ;;
+
+netbsd* | netbsdelf*-gnu)
+ if echo __ELF__ | $CC -E - | grep __ELF__ > /dev/null; then
+ lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='match_pattern /lib[[^/]]+(\.so\.[[0-9]]+\.[[0-9]]+|_pic\.a)$'
+ else
+ lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='match_pattern /lib[[^/]]+(\.so|_pic\.a)$'
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+newos6*)
+ lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='file_magic ELF [[0-9]][[0-9]]*-bit [[ML]]SB (executable|dynamic lib)'
+ lt_cv_file_magic_cmd=/usr/bin/file
+ lt_cv_file_magic_test_file=/usr/lib/libnls.so
+ ;;
+
+nto-qnx*)
+ lt_cv_deplibs_check_method=unknown
+ ;;
+
+openbsd*)
+ if test -z "`echo __ELF__ | $CC -E - | grep __ELF__`" || test "$host_os-$host_cpu" = "openbsd2.8-powerpc"; then
+ lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='match_pattern /lib[[^/]]+(\.so\.[[0-9]]+\.[[0-9]]+|\.so|_pic\.a)$'
+ else
+ lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='match_pattern /lib[[^/]]+(\.so\.[[0-9]]+\.[[0-9]]+|_pic\.a)$'
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+osf3* | osf4* | osf5*)
+ lt_cv_deplibs_check_method=pass_all
+ ;;
+
+solaris*)
+ lt_cv_deplibs_check_method=pass_all
+ ;;
+
+sysv4 | sysv4.3*)
+ case $host_vendor in
+ motorola)
+ lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='file_magic ELF [[0-9]][[0-9]]*-bit [[ML]]SB (shared object|dynamic lib) M[[0-9]][[0-9]]* Version [[0-9]]'
+ lt_cv_file_magic_test_file=`echo /usr/lib/libc.so*`
+ ;;
+ ncr)
+ lt_cv_deplibs_check_method=pass_all
+ ;;
+ sequent)
+ lt_cv_file_magic_cmd='/bin/file'
+ lt_cv_deplibs_check_method='file_magic ELF [[0-9]][[0-9]]*-bit [[LM]]SB (shared object|dynamic lib )'
+ ;;
+ sni)
+ lt_cv_file_magic_cmd='/bin/file'
+ lt_cv_deplibs_check_method="file_magic ELF [[0-9]][[0-9]]*-bit [[LM]]SB dynamic lib"
+ lt_cv_file_magic_test_file=/lib/libc.so
+ ;;
+ siemens)
+ lt_cv_deplibs_check_method=pass_all
+ ;;
+ pc)
+ lt_cv_deplibs_check_method=pass_all
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+
+sysv5* | sco3.2v5* | sco5v6* | unixware* | OpenUNIX* | sysv4*uw2*)
+ lt_cv_deplibs_check_method=pass_all
+ ;;
+esac
+])
+file_magic_cmd=$lt_cv_file_magic_cmd
+deplibs_check_method=$lt_cv_deplibs_check_method
+test -z "$deplibs_check_method" && deplibs_check_method=unknown
+])# AC_DEPLIBS_CHECK_METHOD
+
+
+# AC_PROG_NM
+# ----------
+# find the pathname to a BSD-compatible name lister
+AC_DEFUN([AC_PROG_NM],
+[AC_CACHE_CHECK([for BSD-compatible nm], lt_cv_path_NM,
+[if test -n "$NM"; then
+ # Let the user override the test.
+ lt_cv_path_NM="$NM"
+else
+ lt_nm_to_check="${ac_tool_prefix}nm"
+ if test -n "$ac_tool_prefix" && test "$build" = "$host"; then
+ lt_nm_to_check="$lt_nm_to_check nm"
+ fi
+ for lt_tmp_nm in $lt_nm_to_check; do
+ lt_save_ifs="$IFS"; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
+ for ac_dir in $PATH /usr/ccs/bin/elf /usr/ccs/bin /usr/ucb /bin; do
+ IFS="$lt_save_ifs"
+ test -z "$ac_dir" && ac_dir=.
+ tmp_nm="$ac_dir/$lt_tmp_nm"
+ if test -f "$tmp_nm" || test -f "$tmp_nm$ac_exeext" ; then
+ # Check to see if the nm accepts a BSD-compat flag.
+ # Adding the `sed 1q' prevents false positives on HP-UX, which says:
+ # nm: unknown option "B" ignored
+ # Tru64's nm complains that /dev/null is an invalid object file
+ case `"$tmp_nm" -B /dev/null 2>&1 | sed '1q'` in
+ */dev/null* | *'Invalid file or object type'*)
+ lt_cv_path_NM="$tmp_nm -B"
+ break
+ ;;
+ *)
+ case `"$tmp_nm" -p /dev/null 2>&1 | sed '1q'` in
+ */dev/null*)
+ lt_cv_path_NM="$tmp_nm -p"
+ break
+ ;;
+ *)
+ lt_cv_path_NM=${lt_cv_path_NM="$tmp_nm"} # keep the first match, but
+ continue # so that we can try to find one that supports BSD flags
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ esac
+ fi
+ done
+ IFS="$lt_save_ifs"
+ done
+ test -z "$lt_cv_path_NM" && lt_cv_path_NM=nm
+fi])
+NM="$lt_cv_path_NM"
+])# AC_PROG_NM
+
+
+# AC_CHECK_LIBM
+# -------------
+# check for math library
+AC_DEFUN([AC_CHECK_LIBM],
+[AC_REQUIRE([AC_CANONICAL_HOST])dnl
+LIBM=
+case $host in
+*-*-beos* | *-*-cygwin* | *-*-pw32* | *-*-darwin*)
+ # These system don't have libm, or don't need it
+ ;;
+*-ncr-sysv4.3*)
+ AC_CHECK_LIB(mw, _mwvalidcheckl, LIBM="-lmw")
+ AC_CHECK_LIB(m, cos, LIBM="$LIBM -lm")
+ ;;
+*)
+ AC_CHECK_LIB(m, cos, LIBM="-lm")
+ ;;
+esac
+])# AC_CHECK_LIBM
+
+
+# AC_LIBLTDL_CONVENIENCE([DIRECTORY])
+# -----------------------------------
+# sets LIBLTDL to the link flags for the libltdl convenience library and
+# LTDLINCL to the include flags for the libltdl header and adds
+# --enable-ltdl-convenience to the configure arguments. Note that
+# AC_CONFIG_SUBDIRS is not called here. If DIRECTORY is not provided,
+# it is assumed to be `libltdl'. LIBLTDL will be prefixed with
+# '${top_builddir}/' and LTDLINCL will be prefixed with '${top_srcdir}/'
+# (note the single quotes!). If your package is not flat and you're not
+# using automake, define top_builddir and top_srcdir appropriately in
+# the Makefiles.
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBLTDL_CONVENIENCE],
+[AC_BEFORE([$0],[AC_LIBTOOL_SETUP])dnl
+ case $enable_ltdl_convenience in
+ no) AC_MSG_ERROR([this package needs a convenience libltdl]) ;;
+ "") enable_ltdl_convenience=yes
+ ac_configure_args="$ac_configure_args --enable-ltdl-convenience" ;;
+ esac
+ LIBLTDL='${top_builddir}/'ifelse($#,1,[$1],['libltdl'])/libltdlc.la
+ LTDLINCL='-I${top_srcdir}/'ifelse($#,1,[$1],['libltdl'])
+ # For backwards non-gettext consistent compatibility...
+ INCLTDL="$LTDLINCL"
+])# AC_LIBLTDL_CONVENIENCE
+
+
+# AC_LIBLTDL_INSTALLABLE([DIRECTORY])
+# -----------------------------------
+# sets LIBLTDL to the link flags for the libltdl installable library and
+# LTDLINCL to the include flags for the libltdl header and adds
+# --enable-ltdl-install to the configure arguments. Note that
+# AC_CONFIG_SUBDIRS is not called here. If DIRECTORY is not provided,
+# and an installed libltdl is not found, it is assumed to be `libltdl'.
+# LIBLTDL will be prefixed with '${top_builddir}/'# and LTDLINCL with
+# '${top_srcdir}/' (note the single quotes!). If your package is not
+# flat and you're not using automake, define top_builddir and top_srcdir
+# appropriately in the Makefiles.
+# In the future, this macro may have to be called after AC_PROG_LIBTOOL.
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBLTDL_INSTALLABLE],
+[AC_BEFORE([$0],[AC_LIBTOOL_SETUP])dnl
+ AC_CHECK_LIB(ltdl, lt_dlinit,
+ [test x"$enable_ltdl_install" != xyes && enable_ltdl_install=no],
+ [if test x"$enable_ltdl_install" = xno; then
+ AC_MSG_WARN([libltdl not installed, but installation disabled])
+ else
+ enable_ltdl_install=yes
+ fi
+ ])
+ if test x"$enable_ltdl_install" = x"yes"; then
+ ac_configure_args="$ac_configure_args --enable-ltdl-install"
+ LIBLTDL='${top_builddir}/'ifelse($#,1,[$1],['libltdl'])/libltdl.la
+ LTDLINCL='-I${top_srcdir}/'ifelse($#,1,[$1],['libltdl'])
+ else
+ ac_configure_args="$ac_configure_args --enable-ltdl-install=no"
+ LIBLTDL="-lltdl"
+ LTDLINCL=
+ fi
+ # For backwards non-gettext consistent compatibility...
+ INCLTDL="$LTDLINCL"
+])# AC_LIBLTDL_INSTALLABLE
+
+
+# AC_LIBTOOL_CXX
+# --------------
+# enable support for C++ libraries
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_CXX],
+[AC_REQUIRE([_LT_AC_LANG_CXX])
+])# AC_LIBTOOL_CXX
+
+
+# _LT_AC_LANG_CXX
+# ---------------
+AC_DEFUN([_LT_AC_LANG_CXX],
+[AC_REQUIRE([AC_PROG_CXX])
+AC_REQUIRE([_LT_AC_PROG_CXXCPP])
+_LT_AC_SHELL_INIT([tagnames=${tagnames+${tagnames},}CXX])
+])# _LT_AC_LANG_CXX
+
+# _LT_AC_PROG_CXXCPP
+# ------------------
+AC_DEFUN([_LT_AC_PROG_CXXCPP],
+[
+AC_REQUIRE([AC_PROG_CXX])
+if test -n "$CXX" && ( test "X$CXX" != "Xno" &&
+ ( (test "X$CXX" = "Xg++" && `g++ -v >/dev/null 2>&1` ) ||
+ (test "X$CXX" != "Xg++"))) ; then
+ AC_PROG_CXXCPP
+fi
+])# _LT_AC_PROG_CXXCPP
+
+# AC_LIBTOOL_F77
+# --------------
+# enable support for Fortran 77 libraries
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_F77],
+[AC_REQUIRE([_LT_AC_LANG_F77])
+])# AC_LIBTOOL_F77
+
+
+# _LT_AC_LANG_F77
+# ---------------
+AC_DEFUN([_LT_AC_LANG_F77],
+[AC_REQUIRE([AC_PROG_F77])
+_LT_AC_SHELL_INIT([tagnames=${tagnames+${tagnames},}F77])
+])# _LT_AC_LANG_F77
+
+
+# AC_LIBTOOL_GCJ
+# --------------
+# enable support for GCJ libraries
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_GCJ],
+[AC_REQUIRE([_LT_AC_LANG_GCJ])
+])# AC_LIBTOOL_GCJ
+
+
+# _LT_AC_LANG_GCJ
+# ---------------
+AC_DEFUN([_LT_AC_LANG_GCJ],
+[AC_PROVIDE_IFELSE([AC_PROG_GCJ],[],
+ [AC_PROVIDE_IFELSE([A][M_PROG_GCJ],[],
+ [AC_PROVIDE_IFELSE([LT_AC_PROG_GCJ],[],
+ [ifdef([AC_PROG_GCJ],[AC_REQUIRE([AC_PROG_GCJ])],
+ [ifdef([A][M_PROG_GCJ],[AC_REQUIRE([A][M_PROG_GCJ])],
+ [AC_REQUIRE([A][C_PROG_GCJ_OR_A][M_PROG_GCJ])])])])])])
+_LT_AC_SHELL_INIT([tagnames=${tagnames+${tagnames},}GCJ])
+])# _LT_AC_LANG_GCJ
+
+
+# AC_LIBTOOL_RC
+# -------------
+# enable support for Windows resource files
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_RC],
+[AC_REQUIRE([LT_AC_PROG_RC])
+_LT_AC_SHELL_INIT([tagnames=${tagnames+${tagnames},}RC])
+])# AC_LIBTOOL_RC
+
+
+# AC_LIBTOOL_LANG_C_CONFIG
+# ------------------------
+# Ensure that the configuration vars for the C compiler are
+# suitably defined. Those variables are subsequently used by
+# AC_LIBTOOL_CONFIG to write the compiler configuration to `libtool'.
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_LANG_C_CONFIG], [_LT_AC_LANG_C_CONFIG])
+AC_DEFUN([_LT_AC_LANG_C_CONFIG],
+[lt_save_CC="$CC"
+AC_LANG_PUSH(C)
+
+# Source file extension for C test sources.
+ac_ext=c
+
+# Object file extension for compiled C test sources.
+objext=o
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(objext, $1)=$objext
+
+# Code to be used in simple compile tests
+lt_simple_compile_test_code="int some_variable = 0;\n"
+
+# Code to be used in simple link tests
+lt_simple_link_test_code='int main(){return(0);}\n'
+
+_LT_AC_SYS_COMPILER
+
+# save warnings/boilerplate of simple test code
+_LT_COMPILER_BOILERPLATE
+_LT_LINKER_BOILERPLATE
+
+AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_COMPILER_NO_RTTI($1)
+AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_COMPILER_PIC($1)
+AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_CC_C_O($1)
+AC_LIBTOOL_SYS_HARD_LINK_LOCKS($1)
+AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_LD_SHLIBS($1)
+AC_LIBTOOL_SYS_DYNAMIC_LINKER($1)
+AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_LD_HARDCODE_LIBPATH($1)
+AC_LIBTOOL_SYS_LIB_STRIP
+AC_LIBTOOL_DLOPEN_SELF
+
+# Report which library types will actually be built
+AC_MSG_CHECKING([if libtool supports shared libraries])
+AC_MSG_RESULT([$can_build_shared])
+
+AC_MSG_CHECKING([whether to build shared libraries])
+test "$can_build_shared" = "no" && enable_shared=no
+
+# On AIX, shared libraries and static libraries use the same namespace, and
+# are all built from PIC.
+case $host_os in
+aix3*)
+ test "$enable_shared" = yes && enable_static=no
+ if test -n "$RANLIB"; then
+ archive_cmds="$archive_cmds~\$RANLIB \$lib"
+ postinstall_cmds='$RANLIB $lib'
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+aix4* | aix5*)
+ if test "$host_cpu" != ia64 && test "$aix_use_runtimelinking" = no ; then
+ test "$enable_shared" = yes && enable_static=no
+ fi
+ ;;
+esac
+AC_MSG_RESULT([$enable_shared])
+
+AC_MSG_CHECKING([whether to build static libraries])
+# Make sure either enable_shared or enable_static is yes.
+test "$enable_shared" = yes || enable_static=yes
+AC_MSG_RESULT([$enable_static])
+
+AC_LIBTOOL_CONFIG($1)
+
+AC_LANG_POP
+CC="$lt_save_CC"
+])# AC_LIBTOOL_LANG_C_CONFIG
+
+
+# AC_LIBTOOL_LANG_CXX_CONFIG
+# --------------------------
+# Ensure that the configuration vars for the C compiler are
+# suitably defined. Those variables are subsequently used by
+# AC_LIBTOOL_CONFIG to write the compiler configuration to `libtool'.
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_LANG_CXX_CONFIG], [_LT_AC_LANG_CXX_CONFIG(CXX)])
+AC_DEFUN([_LT_AC_LANG_CXX_CONFIG],
+[AC_LANG_PUSH(C++)
+AC_REQUIRE([AC_PROG_CXX])
+AC_REQUIRE([_LT_AC_PROG_CXXCPP])
+
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds_need_lc, $1)=no
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)=
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(always_export_symbols, $1)=no
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)=
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_dynamic_flag_spec, $1)=
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=no
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)=
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec_ld, $1)=
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_separator, $1)=
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_minus_L, $1)=no
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=unsupported
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_automatic, $1)=no
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(module_cmds, $1)=
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(module_expsym_cmds, $1)=
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(link_all_deplibs, $1)=unknown
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(old_archive_cmds, $1)=$old_archive_cmds
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(no_undefined_flag, $1)=
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(whole_archive_flag_spec, $1)=
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(enable_shared_with_static_runtimes, $1)=no
+
+# Dependencies to place before and after the object being linked:
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(predep_objects, $1)=
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(postdep_objects, $1)=
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(predeps, $1)=
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(postdeps, $1)=
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(compiler_lib_search_path, $1)=
+
+# Source file extension for C++ test sources.
+ac_ext=cpp
+
+# Object file extension for compiled C++ test sources.
+objext=o
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(objext, $1)=$objext
+
+# Code to be used in simple compile tests
+lt_simple_compile_test_code="int some_variable = 0;\n"
+
+# Code to be used in simple link tests
+lt_simple_link_test_code='int main(int, char *[[]]) { return(0); }\n'
+
+# ltmain only uses $CC for tagged configurations so make sure $CC is set.
+_LT_AC_SYS_COMPILER
+
+# save warnings/boilerplate of simple test code
+_LT_COMPILER_BOILERPLATE
+_LT_LINKER_BOILERPLATE
+
+# Allow CC to be a program name with arguments.
+lt_save_CC=$CC
+lt_save_LD=$LD
+lt_save_GCC=$GCC
+GCC=$GXX
+lt_save_with_gnu_ld=$with_gnu_ld
+lt_save_path_LD=$lt_cv_path_LD
+if test -n "${lt_cv_prog_gnu_ldcxx+set}"; then
+ lt_cv_prog_gnu_ld=$lt_cv_prog_gnu_ldcxx
+else
+ $as_unset lt_cv_prog_gnu_ld
+fi
+if test -n "${lt_cv_path_LDCXX+set}"; then
+ lt_cv_path_LD=$lt_cv_path_LDCXX
+else
+ $as_unset lt_cv_path_LD
+fi
+test -z "${LDCXX+set}" || LD=$LDCXX
+CC=${CXX-"c++"}
+compiler=$CC
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(compiler, $1)=$CC
+_LT_CC_BASENAME([$compiler])
+
+# We don't want -fno-exception wen compiling C++ code, so set the
+# no_builtin_flag separately
+if test "$GXX" = yes; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_no_builtin_flag, $1)=' -fno-builtin'
+else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_no_builtin_flag, $1)=
+fi
+
+if test "$GXX" = yes; then
+ # Set up default GNU C++ configuration
+
+ AC_PROG_LD
+
+ # Check if GNU C++ uses GNU ld as the underlying linker, since the
+ # archiving commands below assume that GNU ld is being used.
+ if test "$with_gnu_ld" = yes; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared -nostdlib $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags ${wl}-soname $wl$soname -o $lib'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared -nostdlib $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags ${wl}-soname $wl$soname ${wl}-retain-symbols-file $wl$export_symbols -o $lib'
+
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}--rpath ${wl}$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_dynamic_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}--export-dynamic'
+
+ # If archive_cmds runs LD, not CC, wlarc should be empty
+ # XXX I think wlarc can be eliminated in ltcf-cxx, but I need to
+ # investigate it a little bit more. (MM)
+ wlarc='${wl}'
+
+ # ancient GNU ld didn't support --whole-archive et. al.
+ if eval "`$CC -print-prog-name=ld` --help 2>&1" | \
+ grep 'no-whole-archive' > /dev/null; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(whole_archive_flag_spec, $1)="$wlarc"'--whole-archive$convenience '"$wlarc"'--no-whole-archive'
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(whole_archive_flag_spec, $1)=
+ fi
+ else
+ with_gnu_ld=no
+ wlarc=
+
+ # A generic and very simple default shared library creation
+ # command for GNU C++ for the case where it uses the native
+ # linker, instead of GNU ld. If possible, this setting should
+ # overridden to take advantage of the native linker features on
+ # the platform it is being used on.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared -nostdlib $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags -o $lib'
+ fi
+
+ # Commands to make compiler produce verbose output that lists
+ # what "hidden" libraries, object files and flags are used when
+ # linking a shared library.
+ output_verbose_link_cmd='$CC -shared $CFLAGS -v conftest.$objext 2>&1 | grep "\-L"'
+
+else
+ GXX=no
+ with_gnu_ld=no
+ wlarc=
+fi
+
+# PORTME: fill in a description of your system's C++ link characteristics
+AC_MSG_CHECKING([whether the $compiler linker ($LD) supports shared libraries])
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=yes
+case $host_os in
+ aix3*)
+ # FIXME: insert proper C++ library support
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ aix4* | aix5*)
+ if test "$host_cpu" = ia64; then
+ # On IA64, the linker does run time linking by default, so we don't
+ # have to do anything special.
+ aix_use_runtimelinking=no
+ exp_sym_flag='-Bexport'
+ no_entry_flag=""
+ else
+ aix_use_runtimelinking=no
+
+ # Test if we are trying to use run time linking or normal
+ # AIX style linking. If -brtl is somewhere in LDFLAGS, we
+ # need to do runtime linking.
+ case $host_os in aix4.[[23]]|aix4.[[23]].*|aix5*)
+ for ld_flag in $LDFLAGS; do
+ case $ld_flag in
+ *-brtl*)
+ aix_use_runtimelinking=yes
+ break
+ ;;
+ esac
+ done
+ ;;
+ esac
+
+ exp_sym_flag='-bexport'
+ no_entry_flag='-bnoentry'
+ fi
+
+ # When large executables or shared objects are built, AIX ld can
+ # have problems creating the table of contents. If linking a library
+ # or program results in "error TOC overflow" add -mminimal-toc to
+ # CXXFLAGS/CFLAGS for g++/gcc. In the cases where that is not
+ # enough to fix the problem, add -Wl,-bbigtoc to LDFLAGS.
+
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)=''
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_separator, $1)=':'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(link_all_deplibs, $1)=yes
+
+ if test "$GXX" = yes; then
+ case $host_os in aix4.[[012]]|aix4.[[012]].*)
+ # We only want to do this on AIX 4.2 and lower, the check
+ # below for broken collect2 doesn't work under 4.3+
+ collect2name=`${CC} -print-prog-name=collect2`
+ if test -f "$collect2name" && \
+ strings "$collect2name" | grep resolve_lib_name >/dev/null
+ then
+ # We have reworked collect2
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=yes
+ else
+ # We have old collect2
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=unsupported
+ # It fails to find uninstalled libraries when the uninstalled
+ # path is not listed in the libpath. Setting hardcode_minus_L
+ # to unsupported forces relinking
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_minus_L, $1)=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='-L$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_separator, $1)=
+ fi
+ ;;
+ esac
+ shared_flag='-shared'
+ if test "$aix_use_runtimelinking" = yes; then
+ shared_flag="$shared_flag "'${wl}-G'
+ fi
+ else
+ # not using gcc
+ if test "$host_cpu" = ia64; then
+ # VisualAge C++, Version 5.5 for AIX 5L for IA-64, Beta 3 Release
+ # chokes on -Wl,-G. The following line is correct:
+ shared_flag='-G'
+ else
+ if test "$aix_use_runtimelinking" = yes; then
+ shared_flag='${wl}-G'
+ else
+ shared_flag='${wl}-bM:SRE'
+ fi
+ fi
+ fi
+
+ # It seems that -bexpall does not export symbols beginning with
+ # underscore (_), so it is better to generate a list of symbols to export.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(always_export_symbols, $1)=yes
+ if test "$aix_use_runtimelinking" = yes; then
+ # Warning - without using the other runtime loading flags (-brtl),
+ # -berok will link without error, but may produce a broken library.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)='-berok'
+ # Determine the default libpath from the value encoded in an empty executable.
+ _LT_AC_SYS_LIBPATH_AIX
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-blibpath:$libdir:'"$aix_libpath"
+
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)="\$CC"' -o $output_objdir/$soname $libobjs $deplibs '"\${wl}$no_entry_flag"' $compiler_flags `if test "x${allow_undefined_flag}" != "x"; then echo "${wl}${allow_undefined_flag}"; else :; fi` '"\${wl}$exp_sym_flag:\$export_symbols $shared_flag"
+ else
+ if test "$host_cpu" = ia64; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-R $libdir:/usr/lib:/lib'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)="-z nodefs"
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)="\$CC $shared_flag"' -o $output_objdir/$soname $libobjs $deplibs '"\${wl}$no_entry_flag"' $compiler_flags ${wl}${allow_undefined_flag} '"\${wl}$exp_sym_flag:\$export_symbols"
+ else
+ # Determine the default libpath from the value encoded in an empty executable.
+ _LT_AC_SYS_LIBPATH_AIX
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-blibpath:$libdir:'"$aix_libpath"
+ # Warning - without using the other run time loading flags,
+ # -berok will link without error, but may produce a broken library.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(no_undefined_flag, $1)=' ${wl}-bernotok'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)=' ${wl}-berok'
+ # Exported symbols can be pulled into shared objects from archives
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(whole_archive_flag_spec, $1)='$convenience'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds_need_lc, $1)=yes
+ # This is similar to how AIX traditionally builds its shared libraries.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)="\$CC $shared_flag"' -o $output_objdir/$soname $libobjs $deplibs ${wl}-bnoentry $compiler_flags ${wl}-bE:$export_symbols${allow_undefined_flag}~$AR $AR_FLAGS $output_objdir/$libname$release.a $output_objdir/$soname'
+ fi
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+ beos*)
+ if $LD --help 2>&1 | grep ': supported targets:.* elf' > /dev/null; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)=unsupported
+ # Joseph Beckenbach <jrb3@best.com> says some releases of gcc
+ # support --undefined. This deserves some investigation. FIXME
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -nostart $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags ${wl}-soname $wl$soname -o $lib'
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+ chorus*)
+ case $cc_basename in
+ *)
+ # FIXME: insert proper C++ library support
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+
+ cygwin* | mingw* | pw32*)
+ # _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1) is actually meaningless,
+ # as there is no search path for DLLs.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='-L$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)=unsupported
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(always_export_symbols, $1)=no
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(enable_shared_with_static_runtimes, $1)=yes
+
+ if $LD --help 2>&1 | grep 'auto-import' > /dev/null; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared -nostdlib $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags -o $output_objdir/$soname ${wl}--enable-auto-image-base -Xlinker --out-implib -Xlinker $lib'
+ # If the export-symbols file already is a .def file (1st line
+ # is EXPORTS), use it as is; otherwise, prepend...
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='if test "x`$SED 1q $export_symbols`" = xEXPORTS; then
+ cp $export_symbols $output_objdir/$soname.def;
+ else
+ echo EXPORTS > $output_objdir/$soname.def;
+ cat $export_symbols >> $output_objdir/$soname.def;
+ fi~
+ $CC -shared -nostdlib $output_objdir/$soname.def $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags -o $output_objdir/$soname ${wl}--enable-auto-image-base -Xlinker --out-implib -Xlinker $lib'
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ fi
+ ;;
+ darwin* | rhapsody*)
+ case $host_os in
+ rhapsody* | darwin1.[[012]])
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)='${wl}-undefined ${wl}suppress'
+ ;;
+ *) # Darwin 1.3 on
+ if test -z ${MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET} ; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)='${wl}-flat_namespace ${wl}-undefined ${wl}suppress'
+ else
+ case ${MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET} in
+ 10.[[012]])
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)='${wl}-flat_namespace ${wl}-undefined ${wl}suppress'
+ ;;
+ 10.*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)='${wl}-undefined ${wl}dynamic_lookup'
+ ;;
+ esac
+ fi
+ ;;
+ esac
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds_need_lc, $1)=no
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=no
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_automatic, $1)=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=unsupported
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(whole_archive_flag_spec, $1)=''
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(link_all_deplibs, $1)=yes
+
+ if test "$GXX" = yes ; then
+ lt_int_apple_cc_single_mod=no
+ output_verbose_link_cmd='echo'
+ if $CC -dumpspecs 2>&1 | $EGREP 'single_module' >/dev/null ; then
+ lt_int_apple_cc_single_mod=yes
+ fi
+ if test "X$lt_int_apple_cc_single_mod" = Xyes ; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -dynamiclib -single_module $allow_undefined_flag -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags -install_name $rpath/$soname $verstring'
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -r -keep_private_externs -nostdlib -o ${lib}-master.o $libobjs~$CC -dynamiclib $allow_undefined_flag -o $lib ${lib}-master.o $deplibs $compiler_flags -install_name $rpath/$soname $verstring'
+ fi
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(module_cmds, $1)='$CC $allow_undefined_flag -o $lib -bundle $libobjs $deplibs$compiler_flags'
+ # Don't fix this by using the ld -exported_symbols_list flag, it doesn't exist in older darwin lds
+ if test "X$lt_int_apple_cc_single_mod" = Xyes ; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='sed -e "s,#.*,," -e "s,^[ ]*,," -e "s,^\(..*\),_&," < $export_symbols > $output_objdir/${libname}-symbols.expsym~$CC -dynamiclib -single_module $allow_undefined_flag -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags -install_name $rpath/$soname $verstring~nmedit -s $output_objdir/${libname}-symbols.expsym ${lib}'
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='sed -e "s,#.*,," -e "s,^[ ]*,," -e "s,^\(..*\),_&," < $export_symbols > $output_objdir/${libname}-symbols.expsym~$CC -r -keep_private_externs -nostdlib -o ${lib}-master.o $libobjs~$CC -dynamiclib $allow_undefined_flag -o $lib ${lib}-master.o $deplibs $compiler_flags -install_name $rpath/$soname $verstring~nmedit -s $output_objdir/${libname}-symbols.expsym ${lib}'
+ fi
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(module_expsym_cmds, $1)='sed -e "s,#.*,," -e "s,^[ ]*,," -e "s,^\(..*\),_&," < $export_symbols > $output_objdir/${libname}-symbols.expsym~$CC $allow_undefined_flag -o $lib -bundle $libobjs $deplibs$compiler_flags~nmedit -s $output_objdir/${libname}-symbols.expsym ${lib}'
+ else
+ case $cc_basename in
+ xlc*)
+ output_verbose_link_cmd='echo'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -qmkshrobj ${wl}-single_module $allow_undefined_flag -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags ${wl}-install_name ${wl}`echo $rpath/$soname` $verstring'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(module_cmds, $1)='$CC $allow_undefined_flag -o $lib -bundle $libobjs $deplibs$compiler_flags'
+ # Don't fix this by using the ld -exported_symbols_list flag, it doesn't exist in older darwin lds
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='sed -e "s,#.*,," -e "s,^[ ]*,," -e "s,^\(..*\),_&," < $export_symbols > $output_objdir/${libname}-symbols.expsym~$CC -qmkshrobj ${wl}-single_module $allow_undefined_flag -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags ${wl}-install_name ${wl}$rpath/$soname $verstring~nmedit -s $output_objdir/${libname}-symbols.expsym ${lib}'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(module_expsym_cmds, $1)='sed -e "s,#.*,," -e "s,^[ ]*,," -e "s,^\(..*\),_&," < $export_symbols > $output_objdir/${libname}-symbols.expsym~$CC $allow_undefined_flag -o $lib -bundle $libobjs $deplibs$compiler_flags~nmedit -s $output_objdir/${libname}-symbols.expsym ${lib}'
+ ;;
+ *)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ esac
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+ dgux*)
+ case $cc_basename in
+ ec++*)
+ # FIXME: insert proper C++ library support
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ ghcx*)
+ # Green Hills C++ Compiler
+ # FIXME: insert proper C++ library support
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ *)
+ # FIXME: insert proper C++ library support
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ freebsd[[12]]*)
+ # C++ shared libraries reported to be fairly broken before switch to ELF
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ freebsd-elf*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds_need_lc, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ freebsd* | dragonfly*)
+ # FreeBSD 3 and later use GNU C++ and GNU ld with standard ELF
+ # conventions
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=yes
+ ;;
+ gnu*)
+ ;;
+ hpux9*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}+b ${wl}$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_separator, $1)=:
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_dynamic_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-E'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_minus_L, $1)=yes # Not in the search PATH,
+ # but as the default
+ # location of the library.
+
+ case $cc_basename in
+ CC*)
+ # FIXME: insert proper C++ library support
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ aCC*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$rm $output_objdir/$soname~$CC -b ${wl}+b ${wl}$install_libdir -o $output_objdir/$soname $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags~test $output_objdir/$soname = $lib || mv $output_objdir/$soname $lib'
+ # Commands to make compiler produce verbose output that lists
+ # what "hidden" libraries, object files and flags are used when
+ # linking a shared library.
+ #
+ # There doesn't appear to be a way to prevent this compiler from
+ # explicitly linking system object files so we need to strip them
+ # from the output so that they don't get included in the library
+ # dependencies.
+ output_verbose_link_cmd='templist=`($CC -b $CFLAGS -v conftest.$objext 2>&1) | grep "[[-]]L"`; list=""; for z in $templist; do case $z in conftest.$objext) list="$list $z";; *.$objext);; *) list="$list $z";;esac; done; echo $list'
+ ;;
+ *)
+ if test "$GXX" = yes; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$rm $output_objdir/$soname~$CC -shared -nostdlib -fPIC ${wl}+b ${wl}$install_libdir -o $output_objdir/$soname $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags~test $output_objdir/$soname = $lib || mv $output_objdir/$soname $lib'
+ else
+ # FIXME: insert proper C++ library support
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ fi
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ hpux10*|hpux11*)
+ if test $with_gnu_ld = no; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}+b ${wl}$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_separator, $1)=:
+
+ case $host_cpu in
+ hppa*64*|ia64*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec_ld, $1)='+b $libdir'
+ ;;
+ *)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_dynamic_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-E'
+ ;;
+ esac
+ fi
+ case $host_cpu in
+ hppa*64*|ia64*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=no
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ *)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_minus_L, $1)=yes # Not in the search PATH,
+ # but as the default
+ # location of the library.
+ ;;
+ esac
+
+ case $cc_basename in
+ CC*)
+ # FIXME: insert proper C++ library support
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ aCC*)
+ case $host_cpu in
+ hppa*64*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -b ${wl}+h ${wl}$soname -o $lib $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags'
+ ;;
+ ia64*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -b ${wl}+h ${wl}$soname ${wl}+nodefaultrpath -o $lib $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags'
+ ;;
+ *)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -b ${wl}+h ${wl}$soname ${wl}+b ${wl}$install_libdir -o $lib $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags'
+ ;;
+ esac
+ # Commands to make compiler produce verbose output that lists
+ # what "hidden" libraries, object files and flags are used when
+ # linking a shared library.
+ #
+ # There doesn't appear to be a way to prevent this compiler from
+ # explicitly linking system object files so we need to strip them
+ # from the output so that they don't get included in the library
+ # dependencies.
+ output_verbose_link_cmd='templist=`($CC -b $CFLAGS -v conftest.$objext 2>&1) | grep "\-L"`; list=""; for z in $templist; do case $z in conftest.$objext) list="$list $z";; *.$objext);; *) list="$list $z";;esac; done; echo $list'
+ ;;
+ *)
+ if test "$GXX" = yes; then
+ if test $with_gnu_ld = no; then
+ case $host_cpu in
+ hppa*64*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared -nostdlib -fPIC ${wl}+h ${wl}$soname -o $lib $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags'
+ ;;
+ ia64*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared -nostdlib -fPIC ${wl}+h ${wl}$soname ${wl}+nodefaultrpath -o $lib $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags'
+ ;;
+ *)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared -nostdlib -fPIC ${wl}+h ${wl}$soname ${wl}+b ${wl}$install_libdir -o $lib $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags'
+ ;;
+ esac
+ fi
+ else
+ # FIXME: insert proper C++ library support
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ fi
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ interix3*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=no
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=no
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-rpath,$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_dynamic_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-E'
+ # Hack: On Interix 3.x, we cannot compile PIC because of a broken gcc.
+ # Instead, shared libraries are loaded at an image base (0x10000000 by
+ # default) and relocated if they conflict, which is a slow very memory
+ # consuming and fragmenting process. To avoid this, we pick a random,
+ # 256 KiB-aligned image base between 0x50000000 and 0x6FFC0000 at link
+ # time. Moving up from 0x10000000 also allows more sbrk(2) space.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared $pic_flag $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags ${wl}-h,$soname ${wl}--image-base,`expr ${RANDOM-$$} % 4096 / 2 \* 262144 + 1342177280` -o $lib'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='sed "s,^,_," $export_symbols >$output_objdir/$soname.expsym~$CC -shared $pic_flag $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags ${wl}-h,$soname ${wl}--retain-symbols-file,$output_objdir/$soname.expsym ${wl}--image-base,`expr ${RANDOM-$$} % 4096 / 2 \* 262144 + 1342177280` -o $lib'
+ ;;
+ irix5* | irix6*)
+ case $cc_basename in
+ CC*)
+ # SGI C++
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared -all -multigot $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags -soname $soname `test -n "$verstring" && echo -set_version $verstring` -update_registry ${output_objdir}/so_locations -o $lib'
+
+ # Archives containing C++ object files must be created using
+ # "CC -ar", where "CC" is the IRIX C++ compiler. This is
+ # necessary to make sure instantiated templates are included
+ # in the archive.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(old_archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -ar -WR,-u -o $oldlib $oldobjs'
+ ;;
+ *)
+ if test "$GXX" = yes; then
+ if test "$with_gnu_ld" = no; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared -nostdlib $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags ${wl}-soname ${wl}$soname `test -n "$verstring" && echo ${wl}-set_version ${wl}$verstring` ${wl}-update_registry ${wl}${output_objdir}/so_locations -o $lib'
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared -nostdlib $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags ${wl}-soname ${wl}$soname `test -n "$verstring" && echo ${wl}-set_version ${wl}$verstring` -o $lib'
+ fi
+ fi
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(link_all_deplibs, $1)=yes
+ ;;
+ esac
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-rpath ${wl}$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_separator, $1)=:
+ ;;
+ linux* | k*bsd*-gnu)
+ case $cc_basename in
+ KCC*)
+ # Kuck and Associates, Inc. (KAI) C++ Compiler
+
+ # KCC will only create a shared library if the output file
+ # ends with ".so" (or ".sl" for HP-UX), so rename the library
+ # to its proper name (with version) after linking.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='tempext=`echo $shared_ext | $SED -e '\''s/\([[^()0-9A-Za-z{}]]\)/\\\\\1/g'\''`; templib=`echo $lib | $SED -e "s/\${tempext}\..*/.so/"`; $CC $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags --soname $soname -o \$templib; mv \$templib $lib'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='tempext=`echo $shared_ext | $SED -e '\''s/\([[^()0-9A-Za-z{}]]\)/\\\\\1/g'\''`; templib=`echo $lib | $SED -e "s/\${tempext}\..*/.so/"`; $CC $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags --soname $soname -o \$templib ${wl}-retain-symbols-file,$export_symbols; mv \$templib $lib'
+ # Commands to make compiler produce verbose output that lists
+ # what "hidden" libraries, object files and flags are used when
+ # linking a shared library.
+ #
+ # There doesn't appear to be a way to prevent this compiler from
+ # explicitly linking system object files so we need to strip them
+ # from the output so that they don't get included in the library
+ # dependencies.
+ output_verbose_link_cmd='templist=`$CC $CFLAGS -v conftest.$objext -o libconftest$shared_ext 2>&1 | grep "ld"`; rm -f libconftest$shared_ext; list=""; for z in $templist; do case $z in conftest.$objext) list="$list $z";; *.$objext);; *) list="$list $z";;esac; done; echo $list'
+
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}--rpath,$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_dynamic_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}--export-dynamic'
+
+ # Archives containing C++ object files must be created using
+ # "CC -Bstatic", where "CC" is the KAI C++ compiler.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(old_archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -Bstatic -o $oldlib $oldobjs'
+ ;;
+ icpc*)
+ # Intel C++
+ with_gnu_ld=yes
+ # version 8.0 and above of icpc choke on multiply defined symbols
+ # if we add $predep_objects and $postdep_objects, however 7.1 and
+ # earlier do not add the objects themselves.
+ case `$CC -V 2>&1` in
+ *"Version 7."*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags ${wl}-soname $wl$soname -o $lib'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags ${wl}-soname $wl$soname ${wl}-retain-symbols-file $wl$export_symbols -o $lib'
+ ;;
+ *) # Version 8.0 or newer
+ tmp_idyn=
+ case $host_cpu in
+ ia64*) tmp_idyn=' -i_dynamic';;
+ esac
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared'"$tmp_idyn"' $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags ${wl}-soname $wl$soname -o $lib'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared'"$tmp_idyn"' $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags ${wl}-soname $wl$soname ${wl}-retain-symbols-file $wl$export_symbols -o $lib'
+ ;;
+ esac
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds_need_lc, $1)=no
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-rpath,$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_dynamic_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}--export-dynamic'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(whole_archive_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}--whole-archive$convenience ${wl}--no-whole-archive'
+ ;;
+ pgCC*)
+ # Portland Group C++ compiler
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared $pic_flag $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags ${wl}-soname ${wl}$soname -o $lib'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared $pic_flag $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags ${wl}-soname ${wl}$soname ${wl}-retain-symbols-file ${wl}$export_symbols -o $lib'
+
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}--rpath ${wl}$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_dynamic_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}--export-dynamic'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(whole_archive_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}--whole-archive`for conv in $convenience\"\"; do test -n \"$conv\" && new_convenience=\"$new_convenience,$conv\"; done; $echo \"$new_convenience\"` ${wl}--no-whole-archive'
+ ;;
+ cxx*)
+ # Compaq C++
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags ${wl}-soname $wl$soname -o $lib'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags ${wl}-soname $wl$soname -o $lib ${wl}-retain-symbols-file $wl$export_symbols'
+
+ runpath_var=LD_RUN_PATH
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='-rpath $libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_separator, $1)=:
+
+ # Commands to make compiler produce verbose output that lists
+ # what "hidden" libraries, object files and flags are used when
+ # linking a shared library.
+ #
+ # There doesn't appear to be a way to prevent this compiler from
+ # explicitly linking system object files so we need to strip them
+ # from the output so that they don't get included in the library
+ # dependencies.
+ output_verbose_link_cmd='templist=`$CC -shared $CFLAGS -v conftest.$objext 2>&1 | grep "ld"`; templist=`echo $templist | $SED "s/\(^.*ld.*\)\( .*ld .*$\)/\1/"`; list=""; for z in $templist; do case $z in conftest.$objext) list="$list $z";; *.$objext);; *) list="$list $z";;esac; done; echo $list'
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ lynxos*)
+ # FIXME: insert proper C++ library support
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ m88k*)
+ # FIXME: insert proper C++ library support
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ mvs*)
+ case $cc_basename in
+ cxx*)
+ # FIXME: insert proper C++ library support
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ *)
+ # FIXME: insert proper C++ library support
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ netbsd* | netbsdelf*-gnu)
+ if echo __ELF__ | $CC -E - | grep __ELF__ >/dev/null; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$LD -Bshareable -o $lib $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $linker_flags'
+ wlarc=
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='-R$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=no
+ fi
+ # Workaround some broken pre-1.5 toolchains
+ output_verbose_link_cmd='$CC -shared $CFLAGS -v conftest.$objext 2>&1 | grep conftest.$objext | $SED -e "s:-lgcc -lc -lgcc::"'
+ ;;
+ openbsd2*)
+ # C++ shared libraries are fairly broken
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ openbsd*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=no
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared $pic_flag $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags -o $lib'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-rpath,$libdir'
+ if test -z "`echo __ELF__ | $CC -E - | grep __ELF__`" || test "$host_os-$host_cpu" = "openbsd2.8-powerpc"; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared $pic_flag $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags ${wl}-retain-symbols-file,$export_symbols -o $lib'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_dynamic_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-E'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(whole_archive_flag_spec, $1)="$wlarc"'--whole-archive$convenience '"$wlarc"'--no-whole-archive'
+ fi
+ output_verbose_link_cmd='echo'
+ ;;
+ osf3*)
+ case $cc_basename in
+ KCC*)
+ # Kuck and Associates, Inc. (KAI) C++ Compiler
+
+ # KCC will only create a shared library if the output file
+ # ends with ".so" (or ".sl" for HP-UX), so rename the library
+ # to its proper name (with version) after linking.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='tempext=`echo $shared_ext | $SED -e '\''s/\([[^()0-9A-Za-z{}]]\)/\\\\\1/g'\''`; templib=`echo $lib | $SED -e "s/\${tempext}\..*/.so/"`; $CC $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags --soname $soname -o \$templib; mv \$templib $lib'
+
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-rpath,$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_separator, $1)=:
+
+ # Archives containing C++ object files must be created using
+ # "CC -Bstatic", where "CC" is the KAI C++ compiler.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(old_archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -Bstatic -o $oldlib $oldobjs'
+
+ ;;
+ RCC*)
+ # Rational C++ 2.4.1
+ # FIXME: insert proper C++ library support
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ cxx*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)=' ${wl}-expect_unresolved ${wl}\*'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared${allow_undefined_flag} $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags ${wl}-soname $soname `test -n "$verstring" && echo ${wl}-set_version $verstring` -update_registry ${output_objdir}/so_locations -o $lib'
+
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-rpath ${wl}$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_separator, $1)=:
+
+ # Commands to make compiler produce verbose output that lists
+ # what "hidden" libraries, object files and flags are used when
+ # linking a shared library.
+ #
+ # There doesn't appear to be a way to prevent this compiler from
+ # explicitly linking system object files so we need to strip them
+ # from the output so that they don't get included in the library
+ # dependencies.
+ output_verbose_link_cmd='templist=`$CC -shared $CFLAGS -v conftest.$objext 2>&1 | grep "ld" | grep -v "ld:"`; templist=`echo $templist | $SED "s/\(^.*ld.*\)\( .*ld.*$\)/\1/"`; list=""; for z in $templist; do case $z in conftest.$objext) list="$list $z";; *.$objext);; *) list="$list $z";;esac; done; echo $list'
+ ;;
+ *)
+ if test "$GXX" = yes && test "$with_gnu_ld" = no; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)=' ${wl}-expect_unresolved ${wl}\*'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared -nostdlib ${allow_undefined_flag} $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags ${wl}-soname ${wl}$soname `test -n "$verstring" && echo ${wl}-set_version ${wl}$verstring` ${wl}-update_registry ${wl}${output_objdir}/so_locations -o $lib'
+
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-rpath ${wl}$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_separator, $1)=:
+
+ # Commands to make compiler produce verbose output that lists
+ # what "hidden" libraries, object files and flags are used when
+ # linking a shared library.
+ output_verbose_link_cmd='$CC -shared $CFLAGS -v conftest.$objext 2>&1 | grep "\-L"'
+
+ else
+ # FIXME: insert proper C++ library support
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ fi
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ osf4* | osf5*)
+ case $cc_basename in
+ KCC*)
+ # Kuck and Associates, Inc. (KAI) C++ Compiler
+
+ # KCC will only create a shared library if the output file
+ # ends with ".so" (or ".sl" for HP-UX), so rename the library
+ # to its proper name (with version) after linking.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='tempext=`echo $shared_ext | $SED -e '\''s/\([[^()0-9A-Za-z{}]]\)/\\\\\1/g'\''`; templib=`echo $lib | $SED -e "s/\${tempext}\..*/.so/"`; $CC $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags --soname $soname -o \$templib; mv \$templib $lib'
+
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-rpath,$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_separator, $1)=:
+
+ # Archives containing C++ object files must be created using
+ # the KAI C++ compiler.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(old_archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -o $oldlib $oldobjs'
+ ;;
+ RCC*)
+ # Rational C++ 2.4.1
+ # FIXME: insert proper C++ library support
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ cxx*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)=' -expect_unresolved \*'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared${allow_undefined_flag} $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags -msym -soname $soname `test -n "$verstring" && echo -set_version $verstring` -update_registry ${output_objdir}/so_locations -o $lib'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='for i in `cat $export_symbols`; do printf "%s %s\\n" -exported_symbol "\$i" >> $lib.exp; done~
+ echo "-hidden">> $lib.exp~
+ $CC -shared$allow_undefined_flag $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags -msym -soname $soname -Wl,-input -Wl,$lib.exp `test -n "$verstring" && echo -set_version $verstring` -update_registry ${output_objdir}/so_locations -o $lib~
+ $rm $lib.exp'
+
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='-rpath $libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_separator, $1)=:
+
+ # Commands to make compiler produce verbose output that lists
+ # what "hidden" libraries, object files and flags are used when
+ # linking a shared library.
+ #
+ # There doesn't appear to be a way to prevent this compiler from
+ # explicitly linking system object files so we need to strip them
+ # from the output so that they don't get included in the library
+ # dependencies.
+ output_verbose_link_cmd='templist=`$CC -shared $CFLAGS -v conftest.$objext 2>&1 | grep "ld" | grep -v "ld:"`; templist=`echo $templist | $SED "s/\(^.*ld.*\)\( .*ld.*$\)/\1/"`; list=""; for z in $templist; do case $z in conftest.$objext) list="$list $z";; *.$objext);; *) list="$list $z";;esac; done; echo $list'
+ ;;
+ *)
+ if test "$GXX" = yes && test "$with_gnu_ld" = no; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)=' ${wl}-expect_unresolved ${wl}\*'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared -nostdlib ${allow_undefined_flag} $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags ${wl}-msym ${wl}-soname ${wl}$soname `test -n "$verstring" && echo ${wl}-set_version ${wl}$verstring` ${wl}-update_registry ${wl}${output_objdir}/so_locations -o $lib'
+
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-rpath ${wl}$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_separator, $1)=:
+
+ # Commands to make compiler produce verbose output that lists
+ # what "hidden" libraries, object files and flags are used when
+ # linking a shared library.
+ output_verbose_link_cmd='$CC -shared $CFLAGS -v conftest.$objext 2>&1 | grep "\-L"'
+
+ else
+ # FIXME: insert proper C++ library support
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ fi
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ psos*)
+ # FIXME: insert proper C++ library support
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ sunos4*)
+ case $cc_basename in
+ CC*)
+ # Sun C++ 4.x
+ # FIXME: insert proper C++ library support
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ lcc*)
+ # Lucid
+ # FIXME: insert proper C++ library support
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ *)
+ # FIXME: insert proper C++ library support
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ solaris*)
+ case $cc_basename in
+ CC*)
+ # Sun C++ 4.2, 5.x and Centerline C++
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds_need_lc,$1)=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(no_undefined_flag, $1)=' -zdefs'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -G${allow_undefined_flag} -h$soname -o $lib $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='$echo "{ global:" > $lib.exp~cat $export_symbols | $SED -e "s/\(.*\)/\1;/" >> $lib.exp~$echo "local: *; };" >> $lib.exp~
+ $CC -G${allow_undefined_flag} ${wl}-M ${wl}$lib.exp -h$soname -o $lib $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags~$rm $lib.exp'
+
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='-R$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=no
+ case $host_os in
+ solaris2.[[0-5]] | solaris2.[[0-5]].*) ;;
+ *)
+ # The C++ compiler is used as linker so we must use $wl
+ # flag to pass the commands to the underlying system
+ # linker. We must also pass each convience library through
+ # to the system linker between allextract/defaultextract.
+ # The C++ compiler will combine linker options so we
+ # cannot just pass the convience library names through
+ # without $wl.
+ # Supported since Solaris 2.6 (maybe 2.5.1?)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(whole_archive_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-z ${wl}allextract`for conv in $convenience\"\"; do test -n \"$conv\" && new_convenience=\"$new_convenience,$conv\"; done; $echo \"$new_convenience\"` ${wl}-z ${wl}defaultextract'
+ ;;
+ esac
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(link_all_deplibs, $1)=yes
+
+ output_verbose_link_cmd='echo'
+
+ # Archives containing C++ object files must be created using
+ # "CC -xar", where "CC" is the Sun C++ compiler. This is
+ # necessary to make sure instantiated templates are included
+ # in the archive.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(old_archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -xar -o $oldlib $oldobjs'
+ ;;
+ gcx*)
+ # Green Hills C++ Compiler
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags ${wl}-h $wl$soname -o $lib'
+
+ # The C++ compiler must be used to create the archive.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(old_archive_cmds, $1)='$CC $LDFLAGS -archive -o $oldlib $oldobjs'
+ ;;
+ *)
+ # GNU C++ compiler with Solaris linker
+ if test "$GXX" = yes && test "$with_gnu_ld" = no; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(no_undefined_flag, $1)=' ${wl}-z ${wl}defs'
+ if $CC --version | grep -v '^2\.7' > /dev/null; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared -nostdlib $LDFLAGS $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags ${wl}-h $wl$soname -o $lib'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='$echo "{ global:" > $lib.exp~cat $export_symbols | $SED -e "s/\(.*\)/\1;/" >> $lib.exp~$echo "local: *; };" >> $lib.exp~
+ $CC -shared -nostdlib ${wl}-M $wl$lib.exp -o $lib $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags~$rm $lib.exp'
+
+ # Commands to make compiler produce verbose output that lists
+ # what "hidden" libraries, object files and flags are used when
+ # linking a shared library.
+ output_verbose_link_cmd="$CC -shared $CFLAGS -v conftest.$objext 2>&1 | grep \"\-L\""
+ else
+ # g++ 2.7 appears to require `-G' NOT `-shared' on this
+ # platform.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -G -nostdlib $LDFLAGS $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags ${wl}-h $wl$soname -o $lib'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='$echo "{ global:" > $lib.exp~cat $export_symbols | $SED -e "s/\(.*\)/\1;/" >> $lib.exp~$echo "local: *; };" >> $lib.exp~
+ $CC -G -nostdlib ${wl}-M $wl$lib.exp -o $lib $predep_objects $libobjs $deplibs $postdep_objects $compiler_flags~$rm $lib.exp'
+
+ # Commands to make compiler produce verbose output that lists
+ # what "hidden" libraries, object files and flags are used when
+ # linking a shared library.
+ output_verbose_link_cmd="$CC -G $CFLAGS -v conftest.$objext 2>&1 | grep \"\-L\""
+ fi
+
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-R $wl$libdir'
+ fi
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ sysv4*uw2* | sysv5OpenUNIX* | sysv5UnixWare7.[[01]].[[10]]* | unixware7* | sco3.2v5.0.[[024]]*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(no_undefined_flag, $1)='${wl}-z,text'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds_need_lc, $1)=no
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=no
+ runpath_var='LD_RUN_PATH'
+
+ case $cc_basename in
+ CC*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -G ${wl}-h,$soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='$CC -G ${wl}-Bexport:$export_symbols ${wl}-h,$soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags'
+ ;;
+ *)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared ${wl}-h,$soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared ${wl}-Bexport:$export_symbols ${wl}-h,$soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags'
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ sysv5* | sco3.2v5* | sco5v6*)
+ # Note: We can NOT use -z defs as we might desire, because we do not
+ # link with -lc, and that would cause any symbols used from libc to
+ # always be unresolved, which means just about no library would
+ # ever link correctly. If we're not using GNU ld we use -z text
+ # though, which does catch some bad symbols but isn't as heavy-handed
+ # as -z defs.
+ # For security reasons, it is highly recommended that you always
+ # use absolute paths for naming shared libraries, and exclude the
+ # DT_RUNPATH tag from executables and libraries. But doing so
+ # requires that you compile everything twice, which is a pain.
+ # So that behaviour is only enabled if SCOABSPATH is set to a
+ # non-empty value in the environment. Most likely only useful for
+ # creating official distributions of packages.
+ # This is a hack until libtool officially supports absolute path
+ # names for shared libraries.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(no_undefined_flag, $1)='${wl}-z,text'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)='${wl}-z,nodefs'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds_need_lc, $1)=no
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=no
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='`test -z "$SCOABSPATH" && echo ${wl}-R,$libdir`'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_separator, $1)=':'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(link_all_deplibs, $1)=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_dynamic_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-Bexport'
+ runpath_var='LD_RUN_PATH'
+
+ case $cc_basename in
+ CC*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -G ${wl}-h,\${SCOABSPATH:+${install_libdir}/}$soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='$CC -G ${wl}-Bexport:$export_symbols ${wl}-h,\${SCOABSPATH:+${install_libdir}/}$soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags'
+ ;;
+ *)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared ${wl}-h,\${SCOABSPATH:+${install_libdir}/}$soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared ${wl}-Bexport:$export_symbols ${wl}-h,\${SCOABSPATH:+${install_libdir}/}$soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags'
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ tandem*)
+ case $cc_basename in
+ NCC*)
+ # NonStop-UX NCC 3.20
+ # FIXME: insert proper C++ library support
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ *)
+ # FIXME: insert proper C++ library support
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ vxworks*)
+ # FIXME: insert proper C++ library support
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ *)
+ # FIXME: insert proper C++ library support
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+esac
+AC_MSG_RESULT([$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)])
+test "$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)" = no && can_build_shared=no
+
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(GCC, $1)="$GXX"
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(LD, $1)="$LD"
+
+AC_LIBTOOL_POSTDEP_PREDEP($1)
+AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_COMPILER_PIC($1)
+AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_CC_C_O($1)
+AC_LIBTOOL_SYS_HARD_LINK_LOCKS($1)
+AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_LD_SHLIBS($1)
+AC_LIBTOOL_SYS_DYNAMIC_LINKER($1)
+AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_LD_HARDCODE_LIBPATH($1)
+
+AC_LIBTOOL_CONFIG($1)
+
+AC_LANG_POP
+CC=$lt_save_CC
+LDCXX=$LD
+LD=$lt_save_LD
+GCC=$lt_save_GCC
+with_gnu_ldcxx=$with_gnu_ld
+with_gnu_ld=$lt_save_with_gnu_ld
+lt_cv_path_LDCXX=$lt_cv_path_LD
+lt_cv_path_LD=$lt_save_path_LD
+lt_cv_prog_gnu_ldcxx=$lt_cv_prog_gnu_ld
+lt_cv_prog_gnu_ld=$lt_save_with_gnu_ld
+])# AC_LIBTOOL_LANG_CXX_CONFIG
+
+# AC_LIBTOOL_POSTDEP_PREDEP([TAGNAME])
+# ------------------------------------
+# Figure out "hidden" library dependencies from verbose
+# compiler output when linking a shared library.
+# Parse the compiler output and extract the necessary
+# objects, libraries and library flags.
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_POSTDEP_PREDEP],[
+dnl we can't use the lt_simple_compile_test_code here,
+dnl because it contains code intended for an executable,
+dnl not a library. It's possible we should let each
+dnl tag define a new lt_????_link_test_code variable,
+dnl but it's only used here...
+ifelse([$1],[],[cat > conftest.$ac_ext <<EOF
+int a;
+void foo (void) { a = 0; }
+EOF
+],[$1],[CXX],[cat > conftest.$ac_ext <<EOF
+class Foo
+{
+public:
+ Foo (void) { a = 0; }
+private:
+ int a;
+};
+EOF
+],[$1],[F77],[cat > conftest.$ac_ext <<EOF
+ subroutine foo
+ implicit none
+ integer*4 a
+ a=0
+ return
+ end
+EOF
+],[$1],[GCJ],[cat > conftest.$ac_ext <<EOF
+public class foo {
+ private int a;
+ public void bar (void) {
+ a = 0;
+ }
+};
+EOF
+])
+dnl Parse the compiler output and extract the necessary
+dnl objects, libraries and library flags.
+if AC_TRY_EVAL(ac_compile); then
+ # Parse the compiler output and extract the necessary
+ # objects, libraries and library flags.
+
+ # Sentinel used to keep track of whether or not we are before
+ # the conftest object file.
+ pre_test_object_deps_done=no
+
+ # The `*' in the case matches for architectures that use `case' in
+ # $output_verbose_cmd can trigger glob expansion during the loop
+ # eval without this substitution.
+ output_verbose_link_cmd=`$echo "X$output_verbose_link_cmd" | $Xsed -e "$no_glob_subst"`
+
+ for p in `eval $output_verbose_link_cmd`; do
+ case $p in
+
+ -L* | -R* | -l*)
+ # Some compilers place space between "-{L,R}" and the path.
+ # Remove the space.
+ if test $p = "-L" \
+ || test $p = "-R"; then
+ prev=$p
+ continue
+ else
+ prev=
+ fi
+
+ if test "$pre_test_object_deps_done" = no; then
+ case $p in
+ -L* | -R*)
+ # Internal compiler library paths should come after those
+ # provided the user. The postdeps already come after the
+ # user supplied libs so there is no need to process them.
+ if test -z "$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(compiler_lib_search_path, $1)"; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(compiler_lib_search_path, $1)="${prev}${p}"
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(compiler_lib_search_path, $1)="${_LT_AC_TAGVAR(compiler_lib_search_path, $1)} ${prev}${p}"
+ fi
+ ;;
+ # The "-l" case would never come before the object being
+ # linked, so don't bother handling this case.
+ esac
+ else
+ if test -z "$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(postdeps, $1)"; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(postdeps, $1)="${prev}${p}"
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(postdeps, $1)="${_LT_AC_TAGVAR(postdeps, $1)} ${prev}${p}"
+ fi
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+ *.$objext)
+ # This assumes that the test object file only shows up
+ # once in the compiler output.
+ if test "$p" = "conftest.$objext"; then
+ pre_test_object_deps_done=yes
+ continue
+ fi
+
+ if test "$pre_test_object_deps_done" = no; then
+ if test -z "$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(predep_objects, $1)"; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(predep_objects, $1)="$p"
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(predep_objects, $1)="$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(predep_objects, $1) $p"
+ fi
+ else
+ if test -z "$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(postdep_objects, $1)"; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(postdep_objects, $1)="$p"
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(postdep_objects, $1)="$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(postdep_objects, $1) $p"
+ fi
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+ *) ;; # Ignore the rest.
+
+ esac
+ done
+
+ # Clean up.
+ rm -f a.out a.exe
+else
+ echo "libtool.m4: error: problem compiling $1 test program"
+fi
+
+$rm -f confest.$objext
+
+# PORTME: override above test on systems where it is broken
+ifelse([$1],[CXX],
+[case $host_os in
+interix3*)
+ # Interix 3.5 installs completely hosed .la files for C++, so rather than
+ # hack all around it, let's just trust "g++" to DTRT.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(predep_objects,$1)=
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(postdep_objects,$1)=
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(postdeps,$1)=
+ ;;
+
+solaris*)
+ case $cc_basename in
+ CC*)
+ # Adding this requires a known-good setup of shared libraries for
+ # Sun compiler versions before 5.6, else PIC objects from an old
+ # archive will be linked into the output, leading to subtle bugs.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(postdeps,$1)='-lCstd -lCrun'
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+esac
+])
+
+case " $_LT_AC_TAGVAR(postdeps, $1) " in
+*" -lc "*) _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds_need_lc, $1)=no ;;
+esac
+])# AC_LIBTOOL_POSTDEP_PREDEP
+
+# AC_LIBTOOL_LANG_F77_CONFIG
+# --------------------------
+# Ensure that the configuration vars for the C compiler are
+# suitably defined. Those variables are subsequently used by
+# AC_LIBTOOL_CONFIG to write the compiler configuration to `libtool'.
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_LANG_F77_CONFIG], [_LT_AC_LANG_F77_CONFIG(F77)])
+AC_DEFUN([_LT_AC_LANG_F77_CONFIG],
+[AC_REQUIRE([AC_PROG_F77])
+AC_LANG_PUSH(Fortran 77)
+
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds_need_lc, $1)=no
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)=
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(always_export_symbols, $1)=no
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)=
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_dynamic_flag_spec, $1)=
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=no
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)=
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec_ld, $1)=
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_separator, $1)=
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_minus_L, $1)=no
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_automatic, $1)=no
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(module_cmds, $1)=
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(module_expsym_cmds, $1)=
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(link_all_deplibs, $1)=unknown
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(old_archive_cmds, $1)=$old_archive_cmds
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(no_undefined_flag, $1)=
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(whole_archive_flag_spec, $1)=
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(enable_shared_with_static_runtimes, $1)=no
+
+# Source file extension for f77 test sources.
+ac_ext=f
+
+# Object file extension for compiled f77 test sources.
+objext=o
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(objext, $1)=$objext
+
+# Code to be used in simple compile tests
+lt_simple_compile_test_code=" subroutine t\n return\n end\n"
+
+# Code to be used in simple link tests
+lt_simple_link_test_code=" program t\n end\n"
+
+# ltmain only uses $CC for tagged configurations so make sure $CC is set.
+_LT_AC_SYS_COMPILER
+
+# save warnings/boilerplate of simple test code
+_LT_COMPILER_BOILERPLATE
+_LT_LINKER_BOILERPLATE
+
+# Allow CC to be a program name with arguments.
+lt_save_CC="$CC"
+CC=${F77-"f77"}
+compiler=$CC
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(compiler, $1)=$CC
+_LT_CC_BASENAME([$compiler])
+
+AC_MSG_CHECKING([if libtool supports shared libraries])
+AC_MSG_RESULT([$can_build_shared])
+
+AC_MSG_CHECKING([whether to build shared libraries])
+test "$can_build_shared" = "no" && enable_shared=no
+
+# On AIX, shared libraries and static libraries use the same namespace, and
+# are all built from PIC.
+case $host_os in
+aix3*)
+ test "$enable_shared" = yes && enable_static=no
+ if test -n "$RANLIB"; then
+ archive_cmds="$archive_cmds~\$RANLIB \$lib"
+ postinstall_cmds='$RANLIB $lib'
+ fi
+ ;;
+aix4* | aix5*)
+ if test "$host_cpu" != ia64 && test "$aix_use_runtimelinking" = no ; then
+ test "$enable_shared" = yes && enable_static=no
+ fi
+ ;;
+esac
+AC_MSG_RESULT([$enable_shared])
+
+AC_MSG_CHECKING([whether to build static libraries])
+# Make sure either enable_shared or enable_static is yes.
+test "$enable_shared" = yes || enable_static=yes
+AC_MSG_RESULT([$enable_static])
+
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(GCC, $1)="$G77"
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(LD, $1)="$LD"
+
+AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_COMPILER_PIC($1)
+AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_CC_C_O($1)
+AC_LIBTOOL_SYS_HARD_LINK_LOCKS($1)
+AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_LD_SHLIBS($1)
+AC_LIBTOOL_SYS_DYNAMIC_LINKER($1)
+AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_LD_HARDCODE_LIBPATH($1)
+
+AC_LIBTOOL_CONFIG($1)
+
+AC_LANG_POP
+CC="$lt_save_CC"
+])# AC_LIBTOOL_LANG_F77_CONFIG
+
+
+# AC_LIBTOOL_LANG_GCJ_CONFIG
+# --------------------------
+# Ensure that the configuration vars for the C compiler are
+# suitably defined. Those variables are subsequently used by
+# AC_LIBTOOL_CONFIG to write the compiler configuration to `libtool'.
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_LANG_GCJ_CONFIG], [_LT_AC_LANG_GCJ_CONFIG(GCJ)])
+AC_DEFUN([_LT_AC_LANG_GCJ_CONFIG],
+[AC_LANG_SAVE
+
+# Source file extension for Java test sources.
+ac_ext=java
+
+# Object file extension for compiled Java test sources.
+objext=o
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(objext, $1)=$objext
+
+# Code to be used in simple compile tests
+lt_simple_compile_test_code="class foo {}\n"
+
+# Code to be used in simple link tests
+lt_simple_link_test_code='public class conftest { public static void main(String[[]] argv) {}; }\n'
+
+# ltmain only uses $CC for tagged configurations so make sure $CC is set.
+_LT_AC_SYS_COMPILER
+
+# save warnings/boilerplate of simple test code
+_LT_COMPILER_BOILERPLATE
+_LT_LINKER_BOILERPLATE
+
+# Allow CC to be a program name with arguments.
+lt_save_CC="$CC"
+CC=${GCJ-"gcj"}
+compiler=$CC
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(compiler, $1)=$CC
+_LT_CC_BASENAME([$compiler])
+
+# GCJ did not exist at the time GCC didn't implicitly link libc in.
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds_need_lc, $1)=no
+
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(old_archive_cmds, $1)=$old_archive_cmds
+
+AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_COMPILER_NO_RTTI($1)
+AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_COMPILER_PIC($1)
+AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_CC_C_O($1)
+AC_LIBTOOL_SYS_HARD_LINK_LOCKS($1)
+AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_LD_SHLIBS($1)
+AC_LIBTOOL_SYS_DYNAMIC_LINKER($1)
+AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_LD_HARDCODE_LIBPATH($1)
+
+AC_LIBTOOL_CONFIG($1)
+
+AC_LANG_RESTORE
+CC="$lt_save_CC"
+])# AC_LIBTOOL_LANG_GCJ_CONFIG
+
+
+# AC_LIBTOOL_LANG_RC_CONFIG
+# -------------------------
+# Ensure that the configuration vars for the Windows resource compiler are
+# suitably defined. Those variables are subsequently used by
+# AC_LIBTOOL_CONFIG to write the compiler configuration to `libtool'.
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_LANG_RC_CONFIG], [_LT_AC_LANG_RC_CONFIG(RC)])
+AC_DEFUN([_LT_AC_LANG_RC_CONFIG],
+[AC_LANG_SAVE
+
+# Source file extension for RC test sources.
+ac_ext=rc
+
+# Object file extension for compiled RC test sources.
+objext=o
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(objext, $1)=$objext
+
+# Code to be used in simple compile tests
+lt_simple_compile_test_code='sample MENU { MENUITEM "&Soup", 100, CHECKED }\n'
+
+# Code to be used in simple link tests
+lt_simple_link_test_code="$lt_simple_compile_test_code"
+
+# ltmain only uses $CC for tagged configurations so make sure $CC is set.
+_LT_AC_SYS_COMPILER
+
+# save warnings/boilerplate of simple test code
+_LT_COMPILER_BOILERPLATE
+_LT_LINKER_BOILERPLATE
+
+# Allow CC to be a program name with arguments.
+lt_save_CC="$CC"
+CC=${RC-"windres"}
+compiler=$CC
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(compiler, $1)=$CC
+_LT_CC_BASENAME([$compiler])
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_cv_prog_compiler_c_o, $1)=yes
+
+AC_LIBTOOL_CONFIG($1)
+
+AC_LANG_RESTORE
+CC="$lt_save_CC"
+])# AC_LIBTOOL_LANG_RC_CONFIG
+
+
+# AC_LIBTOOL_CONFIG([TAGNAME])
+# ----------------------------
+# If TAGNAME is not passed, then create an initial libtool script
+# with a default configuration from the untagged config vars. Otherwise
+# add code to config.status for appending the configuration named by
+# TAGNAME from the matching tagged config vars.
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_CONFIG],
+[# The else clause should only fire when bootstrapping the
+# libtool distribution, otherwise you forgot to ship ltmain.sh
+# with your package, and you will get complaints that there are
+# no rules to generate ltmain.sh.
+if test -f "$ltmain"; then
+ # See if we are running on zsh, and set the options which allow our commands through
+ # without removal of \ escapes.
+ if test -n "${ZSH_VERSION+set}" ; then
+ setopt NO_GLOB_SUBST
+ fi
+ # Now quote all the things that may contain metacharacters while being
+ # careful not to overquote the AC_SUBSTed values. We take copies of the
+ # variables and quote the copies for generation of the libtool script.
+ for var in echo old_CC old_CFLAGS AR AR_FLAGS EGREP RANLIB LN_S LTCC LTCFLAGS NM \
+ SED SHELL STRIP \
+ libname_spec library_names_spec soname_spec extract_expsyms_cmds \
+ old_striplib striplib file_magic_cmd finish_cmds finish_eval \
+ deplibs_check_method reload_flag reload_cmds need_locks \
+ lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_pipe lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_to_cdecl \
+ lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_to_c_name_address \
+ sys_lib_search_path_spec sys_lib_dlsearch_path_spec \
+ old_postinstall_cmds old_postuninstall_cmds \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(compiler, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(CC, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(LD, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_no_builtin_flag, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_dynamic_flag_spec, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(thread_safe_flag_spec, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(whole_archive_flag_spec, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(enable_shared_with_static_runtimes, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(old_archive_cmds, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(old_archive_from_new_cmds, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(predep_objects, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(postdep_objects, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(predeps, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(postdeps, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(compiler_lib_search_path, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(postinstall_cmds, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(postuninstall_cmds, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(old_archive_from_expsyms_cmds, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(no_undefined_flag, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_symbols_cmds, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec_ld, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_separator, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_automatic, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(module_cmds, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(module_expsym_cmds, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_cv_prog_compiler_c_o, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(exclude_expsyms, $1) \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(include_expsyms, $1); do
+
+ case $var in
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(old_archive_cmds, $1) | \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(old_archive_from_new_cmds, $1) | \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1) | \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1) | \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(module_cmds, $1) | \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(module_expsym_cmds, $1) | \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(old_archive_from_expsyms_cmds, $1) | \
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_symbols_cmds, $1) | \
+ extract_expsyms_cmds | reload_cmds | finish_cmds | \
+ postinstall_cmds | postuninstall_cmds | \
+ old_postinstall_cmds | old_postuninstall_cmds | \
+ sys_lib_search_path_spec | sys_lib_dlsearch_path_spec)
+ # Double-quote double-evaled strings.
+ eval "lt_$var=\\\"\`\$echo \"X\$$var\" | \$Xsed -e \"\$double_quote_subst\" -e \"\$sed_quote_subst\" -e \"\$delay_variable_subst\"\`\\\""
+ ;;
+ *)
+ eval "lt_$var=\\\"\`\$echo \"X\$$var\" | \$Xsed -e \"\$sed_quote_subst\"\`\\\""
+ ;;
+ esac
+ done
+
+ case $lt_echo in
+ *'\[$]0 --fallback-echo"')
+ lt_echo=`$echo "X$lt_echo" | $Xsed -e 's/\\\\\\\[$]0 --fallback-echo"[$]/[$]0 --fallback-echo"/'`
+ ;;
+ esac
+
+ifelse([$1], [],
+ [cfgfile="${ofile}T"
+ trap "$rm \"$cfgfile\"; exit 1" 1 2 15
+ $rm -f "$cfgfile"
+ AC_MSG_NOTICE([creating $ofile])],
+ [cfgfile="$ofile"])
+
+ cat <<__EOF__ >> "$cfgfile"
+ifelse([$1], [],
+[#! $SHELL
+
+# `$echo "$cfgfile" | sed 's%^.*/%%'` - Provide generalized library-building support services.
+# Generated automatically by $PROGRAM (GNU $PACKAGE $VERSION$TIMESTAMP)
+# NOTE: Changes made to this file will be lost: look at ltmain.sh.
+#
+# Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001
+# Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#
+# This file is part of GNU Libtool:
+# Originally by Gordon Matzigkeit <gord@gnu.ai.mit.edu>, 1996
+#
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+# WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
+# General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
+#
+# As a special exception to the GNU General Public License, if you
+# distribute this file as part of a program that contains a
+# configuration script generated by Autoconf, you may include it under
+# the same distribution terms that you use for the rest of that program.
+
+# A sed program that does not truncate output.
+SED=$lt_SED
+
+# Sed that helps us avoid accidentally triggering echo(1) options like -n.
+Xsed="$SED -e 1s/^X//"
+
+# The HP-UX ksh and POSIX shell print the target directory to stdout
+# if CDPATH is set.
+(unset CDPATH) >/dev/null 2>&1 && unset CDPATH
+
+# The names of the tagged configurations supported by this script.
+available_tags=
+
+# ### BEGIN LIBTOOL CONFIG],
+[# ### BEGIN LIBTOOL TAG CONFIG: $tagname])
+
+# Libtool was configured on host `(hostname || uname -n) 2>/dev/null | sed 1q`:
+
+# Shell to use when invoking shell scripts.
+SHELL=$lt_SHELL
+
+# Whether or not to build shared libraries.
+build_libtool_libs=$enable_shared
+
+# Whether or not to build static libraries.
+build_old_libs=$enable_static
+
+# Whether or not to add -lc for building shared libraries.
+build_libtool_need_lc=$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds_need_lc, $1)
+
+# Whether or not to disallow shared libs when runtime libs are static
+allow_libtool_libs_with_static_runtimes=$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(enable_shared_with_static_runtimes, $1)
+
+# Whether or not to optimize for fast installation.
+fast_install=$enable_fast_install
+
+# The host system.
+host_alias=$host_alias
+host=$host
+host_os=$host_os
+
+# The build system.
+build_alias=$build_alias
+build=$build
+build_os=$build_os
+
+# An echo program that does not interpret backslashes.
+echo=$lt_echo
+
+# The archiver.
+AR=$lt_AR
+AR_FLAGS=$lt_AR_FLAGS
+
+# A C compiler.
+LTCC=$lt_LTCC
+
+# LTCC compiler flags.
+LTCFLAGS=$lt_LTCFLAGS
+
+# A language-specific compiler.
+CC=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(compiler, $1)
+
+# Is the compiler the GNU C compiler?
+with_gcc=$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(GCC, $1)
+
+# An ERE matcher.
+EGREP=$lt_EGREP
+
+# The linker used to build libraries.
+LD=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(LD, $1)
+
+# Whether we need hard or soft links.
+LN_S=$lt_LN_S
+
+# A BSD-compatible nm program.
+NM=$lt_NM
+
+# A symbol stripping program
+STRIP=$lt_STRIP
+
+# Used to examine libraries when file_magic_cmd begins "file"
+MAGIC_CMD=$MAGIC_CMD
+
+# Used on cygwin: DLL creation program.
+DLLTOOL="$DLLTOOL"
+
+# Used on cygwin: object dumper.
+OBJDUMP="$OBJDUMP"
+
+# Used on cygwin: assembler.
+AS="$AS"
+
+# The name of the directory that contains temporary libtool files.
+objdir=$objdir
+
+# How to create reloadable object files.
+reload_flag=$lt_reload_flag
+reload_cmds=$lt_reload_cmds
+
+# How to pass a linker flag through the compiler.
+wl=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)
+
+# Object file suffix (normally "o").
+objext="$ac_objext"
+
+# Old archive suffix (normally "a").
+libext="$libext"
+
+# Shared library suffix (normally ".so").
+shrext_cmds='$shrext_cmds'
+
+# Executable file suffix (normally "").
+exeext="$exeext"
+
+# Additional compiler flags for building library objects.
+pic_flag=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)
+pic_mode=$pic_mode
+
+# What is the maximum length of a command?
+max_cmd_len=$lt_cv_sys_max_cmd_len
+
+# Does compiler simultaneously support -c and -o options?
+compiler_c_o=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_cv_prog_compiler_c_o, $1)
+
+# Must we lock files when doing compilation?
+need_locks=$lt_need_locks
+
+# Do we need the lib prefix for modules?
+need_lib_prefix=$need_lib_prefix
+
+# Do we need a version for libraries?
+need_version=$need_version
+
+# Whether dlopen is supported.
+dlopen_support=$enable_dlopen
+
+# Whether dlopen of programs is supported.
+dlopen_self=$enable_dlopen_self
+
+# Whether dlopen of statically linked programs is supported.
+dlopen_self_static=$enable_dlopen_self_static
+
+# Compiler flag to prevent dynamic linking.
+link_static_flag=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)
+
+# Compiler flag to turn off builtin functions.
+no_builtin_flag=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_no_builtin_flag, $1)
+
+# Compiler flag to allow reflexive dlopens.
+export_dynamic_flag_spec=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_dynamic_flag_spec, $1)
+
+# Compiler flag to generate shared objects directly from archives.
+whole_archive_flag_spec=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(whole_archive_flag_spec, $1)
+
+# Compiler flag to generate thread-safe objects.
+thread_safe_flag_spec=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(thread_safe_flag_spec, $1)
+
+# Library versioning type.
+version_type=$version_type
+
+# Format of library name prefix.
+libname_spec=$lt_libname_spec
+
+# List of archive names. First name is the real one, the rest are links.
+# The last name is the one that the linker finds with -lNAME.
+library_names_spec=$lt_library_names_spec
+
+# The coded name of the library, if different from the real name.
+soname_spec=$lt_soname_spec
+
+# Commands used to build and install an old-style archive.
+RANLIB=$lt_RANLIB
+old_archive_cmds=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(old_archive_cmds, $1)
+old_postinstall_cmds=$lt_old_postinstall_cmds
+old_postuninstall_cmds=$lt_old_postuninstall_cmds
+
+# Create an old-style archive from a shared archive.
+old_archive_from_new_cmds=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(old_archive_from_new_cmds, $1)
+
+# Create a temporary old-style archive to link instead of a shared archive.
+old_archive_from_expsyms_cmds=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(old_archive_from_expsyms_cmds, $1)
+
+# Commands used to build and install a shared archive.
+archive_cmds=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)
+archive_expsym_cmds=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)
+postinstall_cmds=$lt_postinstall_cmds
+postuninstall_cmds=$lt_postuninstall_cmds
+
+# Commands used to build a loadable module (assumed same as above if empty)
+module_cmds=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(module_cmds, $1)
+module_expsym_cmds=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(module_expsym_cmds, $1)
+
+# Commands to strip libraries.
+old_striplib=$lt_old_striplib
+striplib=$lt_striplib
+
+# Dependencies to place before the objects being linked to create a
+# shared library.
+predep_objects=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(predep_objects, $1)
+
+# Dependencies to place after the objects being linked to create a
+# shared library.
+postdep_objects=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(postdep_objects, $1)
+
+# Dependencies to place before the objects being linked to create a
+# shared library.
+predeps=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(predeps, $1)
+
+# Dependencies to place after the objects being linked to create a
+# shared library.
+postdeps=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(postdeps, $1)
+
+# The library search path used internally by the compiler when linking
+# a shared library.
+compiler_lib_search_path=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(compiler_lib_search_path, $1)
+
+# Method to check whether dependent libraries are shared objects.
+deplibs_check_method=$lt_deplibs_check_method
+
+# Command to use when deplibs_check_method == file_magic.
+file_magic_cmd=$lt_file_magic_cmd
+
+# Flag that allows shared libraries with undefined symbols to be built.
+allow_undefined_flag=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)
+
+# Flag that forces no undefined symbols.
+no_undefined_flag=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(no_undefined_flag, $1)
+
+# Commands used to finish a libtool library installation in a directory.
+finish_cmds=$lt_finish_cmds
+
+# Same as above, but a single script fragment to be evaled but not shown.
+finish_eval=$lt_finish_eval
+
+# Take the output of nm and produce a listing of raw symbols and C names.
+global_symbol_pipe=$lt_lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_pipe
+
+# Transform the output of nm in a proper C declaration
+global_symbol_to_cdecl=$lt_lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_to_cdecl
+
+# Transform the output of nm in a C name address pair
+global_symbol_to_c_name_address=$lt_lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_to_c_name_address
+
+# This is the shared library runtime path variable.
+runpath_var=$runpath_var
+
+# This is the shared library path variable.
+shlibpath_var=$shlibpath_var
+
+# Is shlibpath searched before the hard-coded library search path?
+shlibpath_overrides_runpath=$shlibpath_overrides_runpath
+
+# How to hardcode a shared library path into an executable.
+hardcode_action=$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_action, $1)
+
+# Whether we should hardcode library paths into libraries.
+hardcode_into_libs=$hardcode_into_libs
+
+# Flag to hardcode \$libdir into a binary during linking.
+# This must work even if \$libdir does not exist.
+hardcode_libdir_flag_spec=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)
+
+# If ld is used when linking, flag to hardcode \$libdir into
+# a binary during linking. This must work even if \$libdir does
+# not exist.
+hardcode_libdir_flag_spec_ld=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec_ld, $1)
+
+# Whether we need a single -rpath flag with a separated argument.
+hardcode_libdir_separator=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_separator, $1)
+
+# Set to yes if using DIR/libNAME${shared_ext} during linking hardcodes DIR into the
+# resulting binary.
+hardcode_direct=$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)
+
+# Set to yes if using the -LDIR flag during linking hardcodes DIR into the
+# resulting binary.
+hardcode_minus_L=$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_minus_L, $1)
+
+# Set to yes if using SHLIBPATH_VAR=DIR during linking hardcodes DIR into
+# the resulting binary.
+hardcode_shlibpath_var=$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)
+
+# Set to yes if building a shared library automatically hardcodes DIR into the library
+# and all subsequent libraries and executables linked against it.
+hardcode_automatic=$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_automatic, $1)
+
+# Variables whose values should be saved in libtool wrapper scripts and
+# restored at relink time.
+variables_saved_for_relink="$variables_saved_for_relink"
+
+# Whether libtool must link a program against all its dependency libraries.
+link_all_deplibs=$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(link_all_deplibs, $1)
+
+# Compile-time system search path for libraries
+sys_lib_search_path_spec=$lt_sys_lib_search_path_spec
+
+# Run-time system search path for libraries
+sys_lib_dlsearch_path_spec=$lt_sys_lib_dlsearch_path_spec
+
+# Fix the shell variable \$srcfile for the compiler.
+fix_srcfile_path="$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(fix_srcfile_path, $1)"
+
+# Set to yes if exported symbols are required.
+always_export_symbols=$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(always_export_symbols, $1)
+
+# The commands to list exported symbols.
+export_symbols_cmds=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_symbols_cmds, $1)
+
+# The commands to extract the exported symbol list from a shared archive.
+extract_expsyms_cmds=$lt_extract_expsyms_cmds
+
+# Symbols that should not be listed in the preloaded symbols.
+exclude_expsyms=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(exclude_expsyms, $1)
+
+# Symbols that must always be exported.
+include_expsyms=$lt_[]_LT_AC_TAGVAR(include_expsyms, $1)
+
+ifelse([$1],[],
+[# ### END LIBTOOL CONFIG],
+[# ### END LIBTOOL TAG CONFIG: $tagname])
+
+__EOF__
+
+ifelse([$1],[], [
+ case $host_os in
+ aix3*)
+ cat <<\EOF >> "$cfgfile"
+
+# AIX sometimes has problems with the GCC collect2 program. For some
+# reason, if we set the COLLECT_NAMES environment variable, the problems
+# vanish in a puff of smoke.
+if test "X${COLLECT_NAMES+set}" != Xset; then
+ COLLECT_NAMES=
+ export COLLECT_NAMES
+fi
+EOF
+ ;;
+ esac
+
+ # We use sed instead of cat because bash on DJGPP gets confused if
+ # if finds mixed CR/LF and LF-only lines. Since sed operates in
+ # text mode, it properly converts lines to CR/LF. This bash problem
+ # is reportedly fixed, but why not run on old versions too?
+ sed '$q' "$ltmain" >> "$cfgfile" || (rm -f "$cfgfile"; exit 1)
+
+ mv -f "$cfgfile" "$ofile" || \
+ (rm -f "$ofile" && cp "$cfgfile" "$ofile" && rm -f "$cfgfile")
+ chmod +x "$ofile"
+])
+else
+ # If there is no Makefile yet, we rely on a make rule to execute
+ # `config.status --recheck' to rerun these tests and create the
+ # libtool script then.
+ ltmain_in=`echo $ltmain | sed -e 's/\.sh$/.in/'`
+ if test -f "$ltmain_in"; then
+ test -f Makefile && make "$ltmain"
+ fi
+fi
+])# AC_LIBTOOL_CONFIG
+
+
+# AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_COMPILER_NO_RTTI([TAGNAME])
+# -------------------------------------------
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_COMPILER_NO_RTTI],
+[AC_REQUIRE([_LT_AC_SYS_COMPILER])dnl
+
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_no_builtin_flag, $1)=
+
+if test "$GCC" = yes; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_no_builtin_flag, $1)=' -fno-builtin'
+
+ AC_LIBTOOL_COMPILER_OPTION([if $compiler supports -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions],
+ lt_cv_prog_compiler_rtti_exceptions,
+ [-fno-rtti -fno-exceptions], [],
+ [_LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_no_builtin_flag, $1)="$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_no_builtin_flag, $1) -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions"])
+fi
+])# AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_COMPILER_NO_RTTI
+
+
+# AC_LIBTOOL_SYS_GLOBAL_SYMBOL_PIPE
+# ---------------------------------
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_SYS_GLOBAL_SYMBOL_PIPE],
+[AC_REQUIRE([AC_CANONICAL_HOST])
+AC_REQUIRE([AC_PROG_NM])
+AC_REQUIRE([AC_OBJEXT])
+# Check for command to grab the raw symbol name followed by C symbol from nm.
+AC_MSG_CHECKING([command to parse $NM output from $compiler object])
+AC_CACHE_VAL([lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_pipe],
+[
+# These are sane defaults that work on at least a few old systems.
+# [They come from Ultrix. What could be older than Ultrix?!! ;)]
+
+# Character class describing NM global symbol codes.
+symcode='[[BCDEGRST]]'
+
+# Regexp to match symbols that can be accessed directly from C.
+sympat='\([[_A-Za-z]][[_A-Za-z0-9]]*\)'
+
+# Transform an extracted symbol line into a proper C declaration
+lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_to_cdecl="sed -n -e 's/^. .* \(.*\)$/extern int \1;/p'"
+
+# Transform an extracted symbol line into symbol name and symbol address
+lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_to_c_name_address="sed -n -e 's/^: \([[^ ]]*\) $/ {\\\"\1\\\", (lt_ptr) 0},/p' -e 's/^$symcode \([[^ ]]*\) \([[^ ]]*\)$/ {\"\2\", (lt_ptr) \&\2},/p'"
+
+# Define system-specific variables.
+case $host_os in
+aix*)
+ symcode='[[BCDT]]'
+ ;;
+cygwin* | mingw* | pw32*)
+ symcode='[[ABCDGISTW]]'
+ ;;
+hpux*) # Its linker distinguishes data from code symbols
+ if test "$host_cpu" = ia64; then
+ symcode='[[ABCDEGRST]]'
+ fi
+ lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_to_cdecl="sed -n -e 's/^T .* \(.*\)$/extern int \1();/p' -e 's/^$symcode* .* \(.*\)$/extern char \1;/p'"
+ lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_to_c_name_address="sed -n -e 's/^: \([[^ ]]*\) $/ {\\\"\1\\\", (lt_ptr) 0},/p' -e 's/^$symcode* \([[^ ]]*\) \([[^ ]]*\)$/ {\"\2\", (lt_ptr) \&\2},/p'"
+ ;;
+linux* | k*bsd*-gnu)
+ if test "$host_cpu" = ia64; then
+ symcode='[[ABCDGIRSTW]]'
+ lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_to_cdecl="sed -n -e 's/^T .* \(.*\)$/extern int \1();/p' -e 's/^$symcode* .* \(.*\)$/extern char \1;/p'"
+ lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_to_c_name_address="sed -n -e 's/^: \([[^ ]]*\) $/ {\\\"\1\\\", (lt_ptr) 0},/p' -e 's/^$symcode* \([[^ ]]*\) \([[^ ]]*\)$/ {\"\2\", (lt_ptr) \&\2},/p'"
+ fi
+ ;;
+irix* | nonstopux*)
+ symcode='[[BCDEGRST]]'
+ ;;
+osf*)
+ symcode='[[BCDEGQRST]]'
+ ;;
+solaris*)
+ symcode='[[BDRT]]'
+ ;;
+sco3.2v5*)
+ symcode='[[DT]]'
+ ;;
+sysv4.2uw2*)
+ symcode='[[DT]]'
+ ;;
+sysv5* | sco5v6* | unixware* | OpenUNIX*)
+ symcode='[[ABDT]]'
+ ;;
+sysv4)
+ symcode='[[DFNSTU]]'
+ ;;
+esac
+
+# Handle CRLF in mingw tool chain
+opt_cr=
+case $build_os in
+mingw*)
+ opt_cr=`echo 'x\{0,1\}' | tr x '\015'` # option cr in regexp
+ ;;
+esac
+
+# If we're using GNU nm, then use its standard symbol codes.
+case `$NM -V 2>&1` in
+*GNU* | *'with BFD'*)
+ symcode='[[ABCDGIRSTW]]' ;;
+esac
+
+# Try without a prefix undercore, then with it.
+for ac_symprfx in "" "_"; do
+
+ # Transform symcode, sympat, and symprfx into a raw symbol and a C symbol.
+ symxfrm="\\1 $ac_symprfx\\2 \\2"
+
+ # Write the raw and C identifiers.
+ lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_pipe="sed -n -e 's/^.*[[ ]]\($symcode$symcode*\)[[ ]][[ ]]*$ac_symprfx$sympat$opt_cr$/$symxfrm/p'"
+
+ # Check to see that the pipe works correctly.
+ pipe_works=no
+
+ rm -f conftest*
+ cat > conftest.$ac_ext <<EOF
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+char nm_test_var;
+void nm_test_func(){}
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+int main(){nm_test_var='a';nm_test_func();return(0);}
+EOF
+
+ if AC_TRY_EVAL(ac_compile); then
+ # Now try to grab the symbols.
+ nlist=conftest.nm
+ if AC_TRY_EVAL(NM conftest.$ac_objext \| $lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_pipe \> $nlist) && test -s "$nlist"; then
+ # Try sorting and uniquifying the output.
+ if sort "$nlist" | uniq > "$nlist"T; then
+ mv -f "$nlist"T "$nlist"
+ else
+ rm -f "$nlist"T
+ fi
+
+ # Make sure that we snagged all the symbols we need.
+ if grep ' nm_test_var$' "$nlist" >/dev/null; then
+ if grep ' nm_test_func$' "$nlist" >/dev/null; then
+ cat <<EOF > conftest.$ac_ext
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+EOF
+ # Now generate the symbol file.
+ eval "$lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_to_cdecl"' < "$nlist" | grep -v main >> conftest.$ac_ext'
+
+ cat <<EOF >> conftest.$ac_ext
+#if defined (__STDC__) && __STDC__
+# define lt_ptr_t void *
+#else
+# define lt_ptr_t char *
+# define const
+#endif
+
+/* The mapping between symbol names and symbols. */
+const struct {
+ const char *name;
+ lt_ptr_t address;
+}
+lt_preloaded_symbols[[]] =
+{
+EOF
+ $SED "s/^$symcode$symcode* \(.*\) \(.*\)$/ {\"\2\", (lt_ptr_t) \&\2},/" < "$nlist" | grep -v main >> conftest.$ac_ext
+ cat <<\EOF >> conftest.$ac_ext
+ {0, (lt_ptr_t) 0}
+};
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+EOF
+ # Now try linking the two files.
+ mv conftest.$ac_objext conftstm.$ac_objext
+ lt_save_LIBS="$LIBS"
+ lt_save_CFLAGS="$CFLAGS"
+ LIBS="conftstm.$ac_objext"
+ CFLAGS="$CFLAGS$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_no_builtin_flag, $1)"
+ if AC_TRY_EVAL(ac_link) && test -s conftest${ac_exeext}; then
+ pipe_works=yes
+ fi
+ LIBS="$lt_save_LIBS"
+ CFLAGS="$lt_save_CFLAGS"
+ else
+ echo "cannot find nm_test_func in $nlist" >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD
+ fi
+ else
+ echo "cannot find nm_test_var in $nlist" >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD
+ fi
+ else
+ echo "cannot run $lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_pipe" >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD
+ fi
+ else
+ echo "$progname: failed program was:" >&AS_MESSAGE_LOG_FD
+ cat conftest.$ac_ext >&5
+ fi
+ rm -f conftest* conftst*
+
+ # Do not use the global_symbol_pipe unless it works.
+ if test "$pipe_works" = yes; then
+ break
+ else
+ lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_pipe=
+ fi
+done
+])
+if test -z "$lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_pipe"; then
+ lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_to_cdecl=
+fi
+if test -z "$lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_pipe$lt_cv_sys_global_symbol_to_cdecl"; then
+ AC_MSG_RESULT(failed)
+else
+ AC_MSG_RESULT(ok)
+fi
+]) # AC_LIBTOOL_SYS_GLOBAL_SYMBOL_PIPE
+
+
+# AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_COMPILER_PIC([TAGNAME])
+# ---------------------------------------
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_COMPILER_PIC],
+[_LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)=
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)=
+_LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)=
+
+AC_MSG_CHECKING([for $compiler option to produce PIC])
+ ifelse([$1],[CXX],[
+ # C++ specific cases for pic, static, wl, etc.
+ if test "$GXX" = yes; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-static'
+
+ case $host_os in
+ aix*)
+ # All AIX code is PIC.
+ if test "$host_cpu" = ia64; then
+ # AIX 5 now supports IA64 processor
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
+ fi
+ ;;
+ amigaos*)
+ # FIXME: we need at least 68020 code to build shared libraries, but
+ # adding the `-m68020' flag to GCC prevents building anything better,
+ # like `-m68040'.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-m68020 -resident32 -malways-restore-a4'
+ ;;
+ beos* | cygwin* | irix5* | irix6* | nonstopux* | osf3* | osf4* | osf5*)
+ # PIC is the default for these OSes.
+ ;;
+ mingw* | os2* | pw32*)
+ # This hack is so that the source file can tell whether it is being
+ # built for inclusion in a dll (and should export symbols for example).
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-DDLL_EXPORT'
+ ;;
+ darwin* | rhapsody*)
+ # PIC is the default on this platform
+ # Common symbols not allowed in MH_DYLIB files
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-fno-common'
+ ;;
+ *djgpp*)
+ # DJGPP does not support shared libraries at all
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)=
+ ;;
+ interix3*)
+ # Interix 3.x gcc -fpic/-fPIC options generate broken code.
+ # Instead, we relocate shared libraries at runtime.
+ ;;
+ sysv4*MP*)
+ if test -d /usr/nec; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)=-Kconform_pic
+ fi
+ ;;
+ hpux*)
+ # PIC is the default for IA64 HP-UX and 64-bit HP-UX, but
+ # not for PA HP-UX.
+ case $host_cpu in
+ hppa*64*|ia64*)
+ ;;
+ *)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-fPIC'
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ *)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-fPIC'
+ ;;
+ esac
+ else
+ case $host_os in
+ aix4* | aix5*)
+ # All AIX code is PIC.
+ if test "$host_cpu" = ia64; then
+ # AIX 5 now supports IA64 processor
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-bnso -bI:/lib/syscalls.exp'
+ fi
+ ;;
+ chorus*)
+ case $cc_basename in
+ cxch68*)
+ # Green Hills C++ Compiler
+ # _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)="--no_auto_instantiation -u __main -u __premain -u _abort -r $COOL_DIR/lib/libOrb.a $MVME_DIR/lib/CC/libC.a $MVME_DIR/lib/classix/libcx.s.a"
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ darwin*)
+ # PIC is the default on this platform
+ # Common symbols not allowed in MH_DYLIB files
+ case $cc_basename in
+ xlc*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-qnocommon'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ dgux*)
+ case $cc_basename in
+ ec++*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-KPIC'
+ ;;
+ ghcx*)
+ # Green Hills C++ Compiler
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-pic'
+ ;;
+ *)
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ freebsd* | dragonfly*)
+ # FreeBSD uses GNU C++
+ ;;
+ hpux9* | hpux10* | hpux11*)
+ case $cc_basename in
+ CC*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='${wl}-a ${wl}archive'
+ if test "$host_cpu" != ia64; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='+Z'
+ fi
+ ;;
+ aCC*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='${wl}-a ${wl}archive'
+ case $host_cpu in
+ hppa*64*|ia64*)
+ # +Z the default
+ ;;
+ *)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='+Z'
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ *)
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ interix*)
+ # This is c89, which is MS Visual C++ (no shared libs)
+ # Anyone wants to do a port?
+ ;;
+ irix5* | irix6* | nonstopux*)
+ case $cc_basename in
+ CC*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-non_shared'
+ # CC pic flag -KPIC is the default.
+ ;;
+ *)
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ linux* | k*bsd*-gnu)
+ case $cc_basename in
+ KCC*)
+ # KAI C++ Compiler
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='--backend -Wl,'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-fPIC'
+ ;;
+ icpc* | ecpc*)
+ # Intel C++
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-KPIC'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-static'
+ ;;
+ pgCC*)
+ # Portland Group C++ compiler.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-fpic'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
+ ;;
+ cxx*)
+ # Compaq C++
+ # Make sure the PIC flag is empty. It appears that all Alpha
+ # Linux and Compaq Tru64 Unix objects are PIC.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)=
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-non_shared'
+ ;;
+ *)
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ lynxos*)
+ ;;
+ m88k*)
+ ;;
+ mvs*)
+ case $cc_basename in
+ cxx*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-W c,exportall'
+ ;;
+ *)
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ netbsd* | netbsdelf*-gnu)
+ ;;
+ osf3* | osf4* | osf5*)
+ case $cc_basename in
+ KCC*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='--backend -Wl,'
+ ;;
+ RCC*)
+ # Rational C++ 2.4.1
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-pic'
+ ;;
+ cxx*)
+ # Digital/Compaq C++
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
+ # Make sure the PIC flag is empty. It appears that all Alpha
+ # Linux and Compaq Tru64 Unix objects are PIC.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)=
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-non_shared'
+ ;;
+ *)
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ psos*)
+ ;;
+ solaris*)
+ case $cc_basename in
+ CC*)
+ # Sun C++ 4.2, 5.x and Centerline C++
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-KPIC'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Qoption ld '
+ ;;
+ gcx*)
+ # Green Hills C++ Compiler
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-PIC'
+ ;;
+ *)
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ sunos4*)
+ case $cc_basename in
+ CC*)
+ # Sun C++ 4.x
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-pic'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
+ ;;
+ lcc*)
+ # Lucid
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-pic'
+ ;;
+ *)
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ tandem*)
+ case $cc_basename in
+ NCC*)
+ # NonStop-UX NCC 3.20
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-KPIC'
+ ;;
+ *)
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ sysv5* | unixware* | sco3.2v5* | sco5v6* | OpenUNIX*)
+ case $cc_basename in
+ CC*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-KPIC'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+ vxworks*)
+ ;;
+ *)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_can_build_shared, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ esac
+ fi
+],
+[
+ if test "$GCC" = yes; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-static'
+
+ case $host_os in
+ aix*)
+ # All AIX code is PIC.
+ if test "$host_cpu" = ia64; then
+ # AIX 5 now supports IA64 processor
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+ amigaos*)
+ # FIXME: we need at least 68020 code to build shared libraries, but
+ # adding the `-m68020' flag to GCC prevents building anything better,
+ # like `-m68040'.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-m68020 -resident32 -malways-restore-a4'
+ ;;
+
+ beos* | cygwin* | irix5* | irix6* | nonstopux* | osf3* | osf4* | osf5*)
+ # PIC is the default for these OSes.
+ ;;
+
+ mingw* | pw32* | os2*)
+ # This hack is so that the source file can tell whether it is being
+ # built for inclusion in a dll (and should export symbols for example).
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-DDLL_EXPORT'
+ ;;
+
+ darwin* | rhapsody*)
+ # PIC is the default on this platform
+ # Common symbols not allowed in MH_DYLIB files
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-fno-common'
+ ;;
+
+ interix3*)
+ # Interix 3.x gcc -fpic/-fPIC options generate broken code.
+ # Instead, we relocate shared libraries at runtime.
+ ;;
+
+ msdosdjgpp*)
+ # Just because we use GCC doesn't mean we suddenly get shared libraries
+ # on systems that don't support them.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_can_build_shared, $1)=no
+ enable_shared=no
+ ;;
+
+ sysv4*MP*)
+ if test -d /usr/nec; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)=-Kconform_pic
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+ hpux*)
+ # PIC is the default for IA64 HP-UX and 64-bit HP-UX, but
+ # not for PA HP-UX.
+ case $host_cpu in
+ hppa*64*|ia64*)
+ # +Z the default
+ ;;
+ *)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-fPIC'
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+
+ *)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-fPIC'
+ ;;
+ esac
+ else
+ # PORTME Check for flag to pass linker flags through the system compiler.
+ case $host_os in
+ aix*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
+ if test "$host_cpu" = ia64; then
+ # AIX 5 now supports IA64 processor
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-bnso -bI:/lib/syscalls.exp'
+ fi
+ ;;
+ darwin*)
+ # PIC is the default on this platform
+ # Common symbols not allowed in MH_DYLIB files
+ case $cc_basename in
+ xlc*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-qnocommon'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+
+ mingw* | pw32* | os2*)
+ # This hack is so that the source file can tell whether it is being
+ # built for inclusion in a dll (and should export symbols for example).
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-DDLL_EXPORT'
+ ;;
+
+ hpux9* | hpux10* | hpux11*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
+ # PIC is the default for IA64 HP-UX and 64-bit HP-UX, but
+ # not for PA HP-UX.
+ case $host_cpu in
+ hppa*64*|ia64*)
+ # +Z the default
+ ;;
+ *)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='+Z'
+ ;;
+ esac
+ # Is there a better lt_prog_compiler_static that works with the bundled CC?
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='${wl}-a ${wl}archive'
+ ;;
+
+ irix5* | irix6* | nonstopux*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
+ # PIC (with -KPIC) is the default.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-non_shared'
+ ;;
+
+ newsos6)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-KPIC'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
+ ;;
+
+ linux* | k*bsd*-gnu)
+ case $cc_basename in
+ icc* | ecc*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-KPIC'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-static'
+ ;;
+ pgcc* | pgf77* | pgf90* | pgf95*)
+ # Portland Group compilers (*not* the Pentium gcc compiler,
+ # which looks to be a dead project)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-fpic'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
+ ;;
+ ccc*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
+ # All Alpha code is PIC.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-non_shared'
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+
+ osf3* | osf4* | osf5*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
+ # All OSF/1 code is PIC.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-non_shared'
+ ;;
+
+ solaris*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-KPIC'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
+ case $cc_basename in
+ f77* | f90* | f95*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Qoption ld ';;
+ *)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,';;
+ esac
+ ;;
+
+ sunos4*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Qoption ld '
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-PIC'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
+ ;;
+
+ sysv4 | sysv4.2uw2* | sysv4.3*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-KPIC'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
+ ;;
+
+ sysv4*MP*)
+ if test -d /usr/nec ;then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-Kconform_pic'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+ sysv5* | unixware* | sco3.2v5* | sco5v6* | OpenUNIX*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-KPIC'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
+ ;;
+
+ unicos*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)='-Wl,'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_can_build_shared, $1)=no
+ ;;
+
+ uts4*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)='-pic'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)='-Bstatic'
+ ;;
+
+ *)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_can_build_shared, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ esac
+ fi
+])
+AC_MSG_RESULT([$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)])
+
+#
+# Check to make sure the PIC flag actually works.
+#
+if test -n "$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)"; then
+ AC_LIBTOOL_COMPILER_OPTION([if $compiler PIC flag $_LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1) works],
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic_works, $1),
+ [$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)ifelse([$1],[],[ -DPIC],[ifelse([$1],[CXX],[ -DPIC],[])])], [],
+ [case $_LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1) in
+ "" | " "*) ;;
+ *) _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)=" $_LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)" ;;
+ esac],
+ [_LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)=
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_can_build_shared, $1)=no])
+fi
+case $host_os in
+ # For platforms which do not support PIC, -DPIC is meaningless:
+ *djgpp*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)=
+ ;;
+ *)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)="$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)ifelse([$1],[],[ -DPIC],[ifelse([$1],[CXX],[ -DPIC],[])])"
+ ;;
+esac
+
+#
+# Check to make sure the static flag actually works.
+#
+wl=$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1) eval lt_tmp_static_flag=\"$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)\"
+AC_LIBTOOL_LINKER_OPTION([if $compiler static flag $lt_tmp_static_flag works],
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static_works, $1),
+ $lt_tmp_static_flag,
+ [],
+ [_LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_static, $1)=])
+])
+
+
+# AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_LD_SHLIBS([TAGNAME])
+# ------------------------------------
+# See if the linker supports building shared libraries.
+AC_DEFUN([AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_LD_SHLIBS],
+[AC_MSG_CHECKING([whether the $compiler linker ($LD) supports shared libraries])
+ifelse([$1],[CXX],[
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_symbols_cmds, $1)='$NM $libobjs $convenience | $global_symbol_pipe | $SED '\''s/.* //'\'' | sort | uniq > $export_symbols'
+ case $host_os in
+ aix4* | aix5*)
+ # If we're using GNU nm, then we don't want the "-C" option.
+ # -C means demangle to AIX nm, but means don't demangle with GNU nm
+ if $NM -V 2>&1 | grep 'GNU' > /dev/null; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_symbols_cmds, $1)='$NM -Bpg $libobjs $convenience | awk '\''{ if (((\[$]2 == "T") || (\[$]2 == "D") || (\[$]2 == "B")) && ([substr](\[$]3,1,1) != ".")) { print \[$]3 } }'\'' | sort -u > $export_symbols'
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_symbols_cmds, $1)='$NM -BCpg $libobjs $convenience | awk '\''{ if (((\[$]2 == "T") || (\[$]2 == "D") || (\[$]2 == "B")) && ([substr](\[$]3,1,1) != ".")) { print \[$]3 } }'\'' | sort -u > $export_symbols'
+ fi
+ ;;
+ pw32*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_symbols_cmds, $1)="$ltdll_cmds"
+ ;;
+ cygwin* | mingw*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_symbols_cmds, $1)='$NM $libobjs $convenience | $global_symbol_pipe | $SED -e '\''/^[[BCDGRS]] /s/.* \([[^ ]]*\)/\1 DATA/;/^.* __nm__/s/^.* __nm__\([[^ ]]*\) [[^ ]]*/\1 DATA/;/^I /d;/^[[AITW]] /s/.* //'\'' | sort | uniq > $export_symbols'
+ ;;
+ linux* | k*bsd*-gnu)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(link_all_deplibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ *)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_symbols_cmds, $1)='$NM $libobjs $convenience | $global_symbol_pipe | $SED '\''s/.* //'\'' | sort | uniq > $export_symbols'
+ ;;
+ esac
+],[
+ runpath_var=
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)=
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(enable_shared_with_static_runtimes, $1)=no
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)=
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)=
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(old_archive_From_new_cmds, $1)=
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(old_archive_from_expsyms_cmds, $1)=
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_dynamic_flag_spec, $1)=
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(whole_archive_flag_spec, $1)=
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(thread_safe_flag_spec, $1)=
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)=
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec_ld, $1)=
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_separator, $1)=
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=no
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_minus_L, $1)=no
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=unsupported
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(link_all_deplibs, $1)=unknown
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_automatic, $1)=no
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(module_cmds, $1)=
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(module_expsym_cmds, $1)=
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(always_export_symbols, $1)=no
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_symbols_cmds, $1)='$NM $libobjs $convenience | $global_symbol_pipe | $SED '\''s/.* //'\'' | sort | uniq > $export_symbols'
+ # include_expsyms should be a list of space-separated symbols to be *always*
+ # included in the symbol list
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(include_expsyms, $1)=
+ # exclude_expsyms can be an extended regexp of symbols to exclude
+ # it will be wrapped by ` (' and `)$', so one must not match beginning or
+ # end of line. Example: `a|bc|.*d.*' will exclude the symbols `a' and `bc',
+ # as well as any symbol that contains `d'.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(exclude_expsyms, $1)="_GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_"
+ # Although _GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_ is a valid symbol C name, most a.out
+ # platforms (ab)use it in PIC code, but their linkers get confused if
+ # the symbol is explicitly referenced. Since portable code cannot
+ # rely on this symbol name, it's probably fine to never include it in
+ # preloaded symbol tables.
+ extract_expsyms_cmds=
+ # Just being paranoid about ensuring that cc_basename is set.
+ _LT_CC_BASENAME([$compiler])
+ case $host_os in
+ cygwin* | mingw* | pw32*)
+ # FIXME: the MSVC++ port hasn't been tested in a loooong time
+ # When not using gcc, we currently assume that we are using
+ # Microsoft Visual C++.
+ if test "$GCC" != yes; then
+ with_gnu_ld=no
+ fi
+ ;;
+ interix*)
+ # we just hope/assume this is gcc and not c89 (= MSVC++)
+ with_gnu_ld=yes
+ ;;
+ openbsd*)
+ with_gnu_ld=no
+ ;;
+ esac
+
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=yes
+ if test "$with_gnu_ld" = yes; then
+ # If archive_cmds runs LD, not CC, wlarc should be empty
+ wlarc='${wl}'
+
+ # Set some defaults for GNU ld with shared library support. These
+ # are reset later if shared libraries are not supported. Putting them
+ # here allows them to be overridden if necessary.
+ runpath_var=LD_RUN_PATH
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}--rpath ${wl}$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_dynamic_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}--export-dynamic'
+ # ancient GNU ld didn't support --whole-archive et. al.
+ if $LD --help 2>&1 | grep 'no-whole-archive' > /dev/null; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(whole_archive_flag_spec, $1)="$wlarc"'--whole-archive$convenience '"$wlarc"'--no-whole-archive'
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(whole_archive_flag_spec, $1)=
+ fi
+ supports_anon_versioning=no
+ case `$LD -v 2>/dev/null` in
+ *\ [[01]].* | *\ 2.[[0-9]].* | *\ 2.10.*) ;; # catch versions < 2.11
+ *\ 2.11.93.0.2\ *) supports_anon_versioning=yes ;; # RH7.3 ...
+ *\ 2.11.92.0.12\ *) supports_anon_versioning=yes ;; # Mandrake 8.2 ...
+ *\ 2.11.*) ;; # other 2.11 versions
+ *) supports_anon_versioning=yes ;;
+ esac
+
+ # See if GNU ld supports shared libraries.
+ case $host_os in
+ aix3* | aix4* | aix5*)
+ # On AIX/PPC, the GNU linker is very broken
+ if test "$host_cpu" != ia64; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ cat <<EOF 1>&2
+
+*** Warning: the GNU linker, at least up to release 2.9.1, is reported
+*** to be unable to reliably create shared libraries on AIX.
+*** Therefore, libtool is disabling shared libraries support. If you
+*** really care for shared libraries, you may want to modify your PATH
+*** so that a non-GNU linker is found, and then restart.
+
+EOF
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+ amigaos*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$rm $output_objdir/a2ixlibrary.data~$echo "#define NAME $libname" > $output_objdir/a2ixlibrary.data~$echo "#define LIBRARY_ID 1" >> $output_objdir/a2ixlibrary.data~$echo "#define VERSION $major" >> $output_objdir/a2ixlibrary.data~$echo "#define REVISION $revision" >> $output_objdir/a2ixlibrary.data~$AR $AR_FLAGS $lib $libobjs~$RANLIB $lib~(cd $output_objdir && a2ixlibrary -32)'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='-L$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_minus_L, $1)=yes
+
+ # Samuel A. Falvo II <kc5tja@dolphin.openprojects.net> reports
+ # that the semantics of dynamic libraries on AmigaOS, at least up
+ # to version 4, is to share data among multiple programs linked
+ # with the same dynamic library. Since this doesn't match the
+ # behavior of shared libraries on other platforms, we can't use
+ # them.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+
+ beos*)
+ if $LD --help 2>&1 | grep ': supported targets:.* elf' > /dev/null; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)=unsupported
+ # Joseph Beckenbach <jrb3@best.com> says some releases of gcc
+ # support --undefined. This deserves some investigation. FIXME
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -nostart $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags ${wl}-soname $wl$soname -o $lib'
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+ cygwin* | mingw* | pw32*)
+ # _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1) is actually meaningless,
+ # as there is no search path for DLLs.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='-L$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)=unsupported
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(always_export_symbols, $1)=no
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(enable_shared_with_static_runtimes, $1)=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_symbols_cmds, $1)='$NM $libobjs $convenience | $global_symbol_pipe | $SED -e '\''/^[[BCDGRS]] /s/.* \([[^ ]]*\)/\1 DATA/'\'' | $SED -e '\''/^[[AITW]] /s/.* //'\'' | sort | uniq > $export_symbols'
+
+ if $LD --help 2>&1 | grep 'auto-import' > /dev/null; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags -o $output_objdir/$soname ${wl}--enable-auto-image-base -Xlinker --out-implib -Xlinker $lib'
+ # If the export-symbols file already is a .def file (1st line
+ # is EXPORTS), use it as is; otherwise, prepend...
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='if test "x`$SED 1q $export_symbols`" = xEXPORTS; then
+ cp $export_symbols $output_objdir/$soname.def;
+ else
+ echo EXPORTS > $output_objdir/$soname.def;
+ cat $export_symbols >> $output_objdir/$soname.def;
+ fi~
+ $CC -shared $output_objdir/$soname.def $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags -o $output_objdir/$soname ${wl}--enable-auto-image-base -Xlinker --out-implib -Xlinker $lib'
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+ interix3*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=no
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=no
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-rpath,$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_dynamic_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-E'
+ # Hack: On Interix 3.x, we cannot compile PIC because of a broken gcc.
+ # Instead, shared libraries are loaded at an image base (0x10000000 by
+ # default) and relocated if they conflict, which is a slow very memory
+ # consuming and fragmenting process. To avoid this, we pick a random,
+ # 256 KiB-aligned image base between 0x50000000 and 0x6FFC0000 at link
+ # time. Moving up from 0x10000000 also allows more sbrk(2) space.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared $pic_flag $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags ${wl}-h,$soname ${wl}--image-base,`expr ${RANDOM-$$} % 4096 / 2 \* 262144 + 1342177280` -o $lib'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='sed "s,^,_," $export_symbols >$output_objdir/$soname.expsym~$CC -shared $pic_flag $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags ${wl}-h,$soname ${wl}--retain-symbols-file,$output_objdir/$soname.expsym ${wl}--image-base,`expr ${RANDOM-$$} % 4096 / 2 \* 262144 + 1342177280` -o $lib'
+ ;;
+
+ linux* | k*bsd*-gnu)
+ if $LD --help 2>&1 | grep ': supported targets:.* elf' > /dev/null; then
+ tmp_addflag=
+ case $cc_basename,$host_cpu in
+ pgcc*) # Portland Group C compiler
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(whole_archive_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}--whole-archive`for conv in $convenience\"\"; do test -n \"$conv\" && new_convenience=\"$new_convenience,$conv\"; done; $echo \"$new_convenience\"` ${wl}--no-whole-archive'
+ tmp_addflag=' $pic_flag'
+ ;;
+ pgf77* | pgf90* | pgf95*) # Portland Group f77 and f90 compilers
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(whole_archive_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}--whole-archive`for conv in $convenience\"\"; do test -n \"$conv\" && new_convenience=\"$new_convenience,$conv\"; done; $echo \"$new_convenience\"` ${wl}--no-whole-archive'
+ tmp_addflag=' $pic_flag -Mnomain' ;;
+ ecc*,ia64* | icc*,ia64*) # Intel C compiler on ia64
+ tmp_addflag=' -i_dynamic' ;;
+ efc*,ia64* | ifort*,ia64*) # Intel Fortran compiler on ia64
+ tmp_addflag=' -i_dynamic -nofor_main' ;;
+ ifc* | ifort*) # Intel Fortran compiler
+ tmp_addflag=' -nofor_main' ;;
+ esac
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared'"$tmp_addflag"' $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags ${wl}-soname $wl$soname -o $lib'
+
+ if test $supports_anon_versioning = yes; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='$echo "{ global:" > $output_objdir/$libname.ver~
+ cat $export_symbols | sed -e "s/\(.*\)/\1;/" >> $output_objdir/$libname.ver~
+ $echo "local: *; };" >> $output_objdir/$libname.ver~
+ $CC -shared'"$tmp_addflag"' $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags ${wl}-soname $wl$soname ${wl}-version-script ${wl}$output_objdir/$libname.ver -o $lib'
+ fi
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(link_all_deplibs, $1)=no
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+ netbsd* | netbsdelf*-gnu)
+ if echo __ELF__ | $CC -E - | grep __ELF__ >/dev/null; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$LD -Bshareable $libobjs $deplibs $linker_flags -o $lib'
+ wlarc=
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags ${wl}-soname $wl$soname -o $lib'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags ${wl}-soname $wl$soname ${wl}-retain-symbols-file $wl$export_symbols -o $lib'
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+ solaris*)
+ if $LD -v 2>&1 | grep 'BFD 2\.8' > /dev/null; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ cat <<EOF 1>&2
+
+*** Warning: The releases 2.8.* of the GNU linker cannot reliably
+*** create shared libraries on Solaris systems. Therefore, libtool
+*** is disabling shared libraries support. We urge you to upgrade GNU
+*** binutils to release 2.9.1 or newer. Another option is to modify
+*** your PATH or compiler configuration so that the native linker is
+*** used, and then restart.
+
+EOF
+ elif $LD --help 2>&1 | grep ': supported targets:.* elf' > /dev/null; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags ${wl}-soname $wl$soname -o $lib'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags ${wl}-soname $wl$soname ${wl}-retain-symbols-file $wl$export_symbols -o $lib'
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+ sysv5* | sco3.2v5* | sco5v6* | unixware* | OpenUNIX*)
+ case `$LD -v 2>&1` in
+ *\ [[01]].* | *\ 2.[[0-9]].* | *\ 2.1[[0-5]].*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ cat <<_LT_EOF 1>&2
+
+*** Warning: Releases of the GNU linker prior to 2.16.91.0.3 can not
+*** reliably create shared libraries on SCO systems. Therefore, libtool
+*** is disabling shared libraries support. We urge you to upgrade GNU
+*** binutils to release 2.16.91.0.3 or newer. Another option is to modify
+*** your PATH or compiler configuration so that the native linker is
+*** used, and then restart.
+
+_LT_EOF
+ ;;
+ *)
+ if $LD --help 2>&1 | grep ': supported targets:.* elf' > /dev/null; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='`test -z "$SCOABSPATH" && echo ${wl}-rpath,$libdir`'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags ${wl}-soname,\${SCOABSPATH:+${install_libdir}/}$soname -o $lib'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags ${wl}-soname,\${SCOABSPATH:+${install_libdir}/}$soname,-retain-symbols-file,$export_symbols -o $lib'
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ fi
+ ;;
+ esac
+ ;;
+
+ sunos4*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$LD -assert pure-text -Bshareable -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $linker_flags'
+ wlarc=
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=no
+ ;;
+
+ *)
+ if $LD --help 2>&1 | grep ': supported targets:.* elf' > /dev/null; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags ${wl}-soname $wl$soname -o $lib'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags ${wl}-soname $wl$soname ${wl}-retain-symbols-file $wl$export_symbols -o $lib'
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ fi
+ ;;
+ esac
+
+ if test "$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)" = no; then
+ runpath_var=
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)=
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_dynamic_flag_spec, $1)=
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(whole_archive_flag_spec, $1)=
+ fi
+ else
+ # PORTME fill in a description of your system's linker (not GNU ld)
+ case $host_os in
+ aix3*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)=unsupported
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(always_export_symbols, $1)=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='$LD -o $output_objdir/$soname $libobjs $deplibs $linker_flags -bE:$export_symbols -T512 -H512 -bM:SRE~$AR $AR_FLAGS $lib $output_objdir/$soname'
+ # Note: this linker hardcodes the directories in LIBPATH if there
+ # are no directories specified by -L.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_minus_L, $1)=yes
+ if test "$GCC" = yes && test -z "$lt_prog_compiler_static"; then
+ # Neither direct hardcoding nor static linking is supported with a
+ # broken collect2.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=unsupported
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+ aix4* | aix5*)
+ if test "$host_cpu" = ia64; then
+ # On IA64, the linker does run time linking by default, so we don't
+ # have to do anything special.
+ aix_use_runtimelinking=no
+ exp_sym_flag='-Bexport'
+ no_entry_flag=""
+ else
+ # If we're using GNU nm, then we don't want the "-C" option.
+ # -C means demangle to AIX nm, but means don't demangle with GNU nm
+ if $NM -V 2>&1 | grep 'GNU' > /dev/null; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_symbols_cmds, $1)='$NM -Bpg $libobjs $convenience | awk '\''{ if (((\[$]2 == "T") || (\[$]2 == "D") || (\[$]2 == "B")) && ([substr](\[$]3,1,1) != ".")) { print \[$]3 } }'\'' | sort -u > $export_symbols'
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_symbols_cmds, $1)='$NM -BCpg $libobjs $convenience | awk '\''{ if (((\[$]2 == "T") || (\[$]2 == "D") || (\[$]2 == "B")) && ([substr](\[$]3,1,1) != ".")) { print \[$]3 } }'\'' | sort -u > $export_symbols'
+ fi
+ aix_use_runtimelinking=no
+
+ # Test if we are trying to use run time linking or normal
+ # AIX style linking. If -brtl is somewhere in LDFLAGS, we
+ # need to do runtime linking.
+ case $host_os in aix4.[[23]]|aix4.[[23]].*|aix5*)
+ for ld_flag in $LDFLAGS; do
+ if (test $ld_flag = "-brtl" || test $ld_flag = "-Wl,-brtl"); then
+ aix_use_runtimelinking=yes
+ break
+ fi
+ done
+ ;;
+ esac
+
+ exp_sym_flag='-bexport'
+ no_entry_flag='-bnoentry'
+ fi
+
+ # When large executables or shared objects are built, AIX ld can
+ # have problems creating the table of contents. If linking a library
+ # or program results in "error TOC overflow" add -mminimal-toc to
+ # CXXFLAGS/CFLAGS for g++/gcc. In the cases where that is not
+ # enough to fix the problem, add -Wl,-bbigtoc to LDFLAGS.
+
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)=''
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_separator, $1)=':'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(link_all_deplibs, $1)=yes
+
+ if test "$GCC" = yes; then
+ case $host_os in aix4.[[012]]|aix4.[[012]].*)
+ # We only want to do this on AIX 4.2 and lower, the check
+ # below for broken collect2 doesn't work under 4.3+
+ collect2name=`${CC} -print-prog-name=collect2`
+ if test -f "$collect2name" && \
+ strings "$collect2name" | grep resolve_lib_name >/dev/null
+ then
+ # We have reworked collect2
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=yes
+ else
+ # We have old collect2
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=unsupported
+ # It fails to find uninstalled libraries when the uninstalled
+ # path is not listed in the libpath. Setting hardcode_minus_L
+ # to unsupported forces relinking
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_minus_L, $1)=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='-L$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_separator, $1)=
+ fi
+ ;;
+ esac
+ shared_flag='-shared'
+ if test "$aix_use_runtimelinking" = yes; then
+ shared_flag="$shared_flag "'${wl}-G'
+ fi
+ else
+ # not using gcc
+ if test "$host_cpu" = ia64; then
+ # VisualAge C++, Version 5.5 for AIX 5L for IA-64, Beta 3 Release
+ # chokes on -Wl,-G. The following line is correct:
+ shared_flag='-G'
+ else
+ if test "$aix_use_runtimelinking" = yes; then
+ shared_flag='${wl}-G'
+ else
+ shared_flag='${wl}-bM:SRE'
+ fi
+ fi
+ fi
+
+ # It seems that -bexpall does not export symbols beginning with
+ # underscore (_), so it is better to generate a list of symbols to export.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(always_export_symbols, $1)=yes
+ if test "$aix_use_runtimelinking" = yes; then
+ # Warning - without using the other runtime loading flags (-brtl),
+ # -berok will link without error, but may produce a broken library.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)='-berok'
+ # Determine the default libpath from the value encoded in an empty executable.
+ _LT_AC_SYS_LIBPATH_AIX
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-blibpath:$libdir:'"$aix_libpath"
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)="\$CC"' -o $output_objdir/$soname $libobjs $deplibs '"\${wl}$no_entry_flag"' $compiler_flags `if test "x${allow_undefined_flag}" != "x"; then echo "${wl}${allow_undefined_flag}"; else :; fi` '"\${wl}$exp_sym_flag:\$export_symbols $shared_flag"
+ else
+ if test "$host_cpu" = ia64; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-R $libdir:/usr/lib:/lib'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)="-z nodefs"
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)="\$CC $shared_flag"' -o $output_objdir/$soname $libobjs $deplibs '"\${wl}$no_entry_flag"' $compiler_flags ${wl}${allow_undefined_flag} '"\${wl}$exp_sym_flag:\$export_symbols"
+ else
+ # Determine the default libpath from the value encoded in an empty executable.
+ _LT_AC_SYS_LIBPATH_AIX
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-blibpath:$libdir:'"$aix_libpath"
+ # Warning - without using the other run time loading flags,
+ # -berok will link without error, but may produce a broken library.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(no_undefined_flag, $1)=' ${wl}-bernotok'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)=' ${wl}-berok'
+ # Exported symbols can be pulled into shared objects from archives
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(whole_archive_flag_spec, $1)='$convenience'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds_need_lc, $1)=yes
+ # This is similar to how AIX traditionally builds its shared libraries.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)="\$CC $shared_flag"' -o $output_objdir/$soname $libobjs $deplibs ${wl}-bnoentry $compiler_flags ${wl}-bE:$export_symbols${allow_undefined_flag}~$AR $AR_FLAGS $output_objdir/$libname$release.a $output_objdir/$soname'
+ fi
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+ amigaos*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$rm $output_objdir/a2ixlibrary.data~$echo "#define NAME $libname" > $output_objdir/a2ixlibrary.data~$echo "#define LIBRARY_ID 1" >> $output_objdir/a2ixlibrary.data~$echo "#define VERSION $major" >> $output_objdir/a2ixlibrary.data~$echo "#define REVISION $revision" >> $output_objdir/a2ixlibrary.data~$AR $AR_FLAGS $lib $libobjs~$RANLIB $lib~(cd $output_objdir && a2ixlibrary -32)'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='-L$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_minus_L, $1)=yes
+ # see comment about different semantics on the GNU ld section
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+
+ bsdi[[45]]*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_dynamic_flag_spec, $1)=-rdynamic
+ ;;
+
+ cygwin* | mingw* | pw32*)
+ # When not using gcc, we currently assume that we are using
+ # Microsoft Visual C++.
+ # hardcode_libdir_flag_spec is actually meaningless, as there is
+ # no search path for DLLs.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)=' '
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)=unsupported
+ # Tell ltmain to make .lib files, not .a files.
+ libext=lib
+ # Tell ltmain to make .dll files, not .so files.
+ shrext_cmds=".dll"
+ # FIXME: Setting linknames here is a bad hack.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -o $lib $libobjs $compiler_flags `echo "$deplibs" | $SED -e '\''s/ -lc$//'\''` -link -dll~linknames='
+ # The linker will automatically build a .lib file if we build a DLL.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(old_archive_From_new_cmds, $1)='true'
+ # FIXME: Should let the user specify the lib program.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(old_archive_cmds, $1)='lib /OUT:$oldlib$oldobjs$old_deplibs'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(fix_srcfile_path, $1)='`cygpath -w "$srcfile"`'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(enable_shared_with_static_runtimes, $1)=yes
+ ;;
+
+ darwin* | rhapsody*)
+ case $host_os in
+ rhapsody* | darwin1.[[012]])
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)='${wl}-undefined ${wl}suppress'
+ ;;
+ *) # Darwin 1.3 on
+ if test -z ${MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET} ; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)='${wl}-flat_namespace ${wl}-undefined ${wl}suppress'
+ else
+ case ${MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET} in
+ 10.[[012]])
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)='${wl}-flat_namespace ${wl}-undefined ${wl}suppress'
+ ;;
+ 10.*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)='${wl}-undefined ${wl}dynamic_lookup'
+ ;;
+ esac
+ fi
+ ;;
+ esac
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds_need_lc, $1)=no
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=no
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_automatic, $1)=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=unsupported
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(whole_archive_flag_spec, $1)=''
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(link_all_deplibs, $1)=yes
+ if test "$GCC" = yes ; then
+ output_verbose_link_cmd='echo'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -dynamiclib $allow_undefined_flag -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags -install_name $rpath/$soname $verstring'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(module_cmds, $1)='$CC $allow_undefined_flag -o $lib -bundle $libobjs $deplibs$compiler_flags'
+ # Don't fix this by using the ld -exported_symbols_list flag, it doesn't exist in older darwin lds
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='sed -e "s,#.*,," -e "s,^[ ]*,," -e "s,^\(..*\),_&," < $export_symbols > $output_objdir/${libname}-symbols.expsym~$CC -dynamiclib $allow_undefined_flag -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags -install_name $rpath/$soname $verstring~nmedit -s $output_objdir/${libname}-symbols.expsym ${lib}'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(module_expsym_cmds, $1)='sed -e "s,#.*,," -e "s,^[ ]*,," -e "s,^\(..*\),_&," < $export_symbols > $output_objdir/${libname}-symbols.expsym~$CC $allow_undefined_flag -o $lib -bundle $libobjs $deplibs$compiler_flags~nmedit -s $output_objdir/${libname}-symbols.expsym ${lib}'
+ else
+ case $cc_basename in
+ xlc*)
+ output_verbose_link_cmd='echo'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -qmkshrobj $allow_undefined_flag -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags ${wl}-install_name ${wl}`echo $rpath/$soname` $verstring'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(module_cmds, $1)='$CC $allow_undefined_flag -o $lib -bundle $libobjs $deplibs$compiler_flags'
+ # Don't fix this by using the ld -exported_symbols_list flag, it doesn't exist in older darwin lds
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='sed -e "s,#.*,," -e "s,^[ ]*,," -e "s,^\(..*\),_&," < $export_symbols > $output_objdir/${libname}-symbols.expsym~$CC -qmkshrobj $allow_undefined_flag -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags ${wl}-install_name ${wl}$rpath/$soname $verstring~nmedit -s $output_objdir/${libname}-symbols.expsym ${lib}'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(module_expsym_cmds, $1)='sed -e "s,#.*,," -e "s,^[ ]*,," -e "s,^\(..*\),_&," < $export_symbols > $output_objdir/${libname}-symbols.expsym~$CC $allow_undefined_flag -o $lib -bundle $libobjs $deplibs$compiler_flags~nmedit -s $output_objdir/${libname}-symbols.expsym ${lib}'
+ ;;
+ *)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ esac
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+ dgux*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$LD -G -h $soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $linker_flags'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='-L$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=no
+ ;;
+
+ freebsd1*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+
+ # FreeBSD 2.2.[012] allows us to include c++rt0.o to get C++ constructor
+ # support. Future versions do this automatically, but an explicit c++rt0.o
+ # does not break anything, and helps significantly (at the cost of a little
+ # extra space).
+ freebsd2.2*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$LD -Bshareable -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $linker_flags /usr/lib/c++rt0.o'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='-R$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=no
+ ;;
+
+ # Unfortunately, older versions of FreeBSD 2 do not have this feature.
+ freebsd2*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$LD -Bshareable -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $linker_flags'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_minus_L, $1)=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=no
+ ;;
+
+ # FreeBSD 3 and greater uses gcc -shared to do shared libraries.
+ freebsd* | dragonfly*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='-R$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=no
+ ;;
+
+ hpux9*)
+ if test "$GCC" = yes; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$rm $output_objdir/$soname~$CC -shared -fPIC ${wl}+b ${wl}$install_libdir -o $output_objdir/$soname $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags~test $output_objdir/$soname = $lib || mv $output_objdir/$soname $lib'
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$rm $output_objdir/$soname~$LD -b +b $install_libdir -o $output_objdir/$soname $libobjs $deplibs $linker_flags~test $output_objdir/$soname = $lib || mv $output_objdir/$soname $lib'
+ fi
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}+b ${wl}$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_separator, $1)=:
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=yes
+
+ # hardcode_minus_L: Not really in the search PATH,
+ # but as the default location of the library.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_minus_L, $1)=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_dynamic_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-E'
+ ;;
+
+ hpux10*)
+ if test "$GCC" = yes -a "$with_gnu_ld" = no; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared -fPIC ${wl}+h ${wl}$soname ${wl}+b ${wl}$install_libdir -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags'
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$LD -b +h $soname +b $install_libdir -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $linker_flags'
+ fi
+ if test "$with_gnu_ld" = no; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}+b ${wl}$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_separator, $1)=:
+
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_dynamic_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-E'
+
+ # hardcode_minus_L: Not really in the search PATH,
+ # but as the default location of the library.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_minus_L, $1)=yes
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+ hpux11*)
+ if test "$GCC" = yes -a "$with_gnu_ld" = no; then
+ case $host_cpu in
+ hppa*64*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared ${wl}+h ${wl}$soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags'
+ ;;
+ ia64*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared ${wl}+h ${wl}$soname ${wl}+nodefaultrpath -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags'
+ ;;
+ *)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared -fPIC ${wl}+h ${wl}$soname ${wl}+b ${wl}$install_libdir -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags'
+ ;;
+ esac
+ else
+ case $host_cpu in
+ hppa*64*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -b ${wl}+h ${wl}$soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags'
+ ;;
+ ia64*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -b ${wl}+h ${wl}$soname ${wl}+nodefaultrpath -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags'
+ ;;
+ *)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -b ${wl}+h ${wl}$soname ${wl}+b ${wl}$install_libdir -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags'
+ ;;
+ esac
+ fi
+ if test "$with_gnu_ld" = no; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}+b ${wl}$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_separator, $1)=:
+
+ case $host_cpu in
+ hppa*64*|ia64*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec_ld, $1)='+b $libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=no
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ *)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_dynamic_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-E'
+
+ # hardcode_minus_L: Not really in the search PATH,
+ # but as the default location of the library.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_minus_L, $1)=yes
+ ;;
+ esac
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+ irix5* | irix6* | nonstopux*)
+ if test "$GCC" = yes; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags ${wl}-soname ${wl}$soname `test -n "$verstring" && echo ${wl}-set_version ${wl}$verstring` ${wl}-update_registry ${wl}${output_objdir}/so_locations -o $lib'
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$LD -shared $libobjs $deplibs $linker_flags -soname $soname `test -n "$verstring" && echo -set_version $verstring` -update_registry ${output_objdir}/so_locations -o $lib'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec_ld, $1)='-rpath $libdir'
+ fi
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-rpath ${wl}$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_separator, $1)=:
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(link_all_deplibs, $1)=yes
+ ;;
+
+ netbsd* | netbsdelf*-gnu)
+ if echo __ELF__ | $CC -E - | grep __ELF__ >/dev/null; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$LD -Bshareable -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $linker_flags' # a.out
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$LD -shared -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $linker_flags' # ELF
+ fi
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='-R$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=no
+ ;;
+
+ newsos6)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$LD -G -h $soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $linker_flags'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-rpath ${wl}$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_separator, $1)=:
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=no
+ ;;
+
+ openbsd*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=no
+ if test -z "`echo __ELF__ | $CC -E - | grep __ELF__`" || test "$host_os-$host_cpu" = "openbsd2.8-powerpc"; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared $pic_flag -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared $pic_flag -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags ${wl}-retain-symbols-file,$export_symbols'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-rpath,$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_dynamic_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-E'
+ else
+ case $host_os in
+ openbsd[[01]].* | openbsd2.[[0-7]] | openbsd2.[[0-7]].*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$LD -Bshareable -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $linker_flags'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='-R$libdir'
+ ;;
+ *)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared $pic_flag -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-rpath,$libdir'
+ ;;
+ esac
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+ os2*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='-L$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_minus_L, $1)=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)=unsupported
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$echo "LIBRARY $libname INITINSTANCE" > $output_objdir/$libname.def~$echo "DESCRIPTION \"$libname\"" >> $output_objdir/$libname.def~$echo DATA >> $output_objdir/$libname.def~$echo " SINGLE NONSHARED" >> $output_objdir/$libname.def~$echo EXPORTS >> $output_objdir/$libname.def~emxexp $libobjs >> $output_objdir/$libname.def~$CC -Zdll -Zcrtdll -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags $output_objdir/$libname.def'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(old_archive_From_new_cmds, $1)='emximp -o $output_objdir/$libname.a $output_objdir/$libname.def'
+ ;;
+
+ osf3*)
+ if test "$GCC" = yes; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)=' ${wl}-expect_unresolved ${wl}\*'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared${allow_undefined_flag} $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags ${wl}-soname ${wl}$soname `test -n "$verstring" && echo ${wl}-set_version ${wl}$verstring` ${wl}-update_registry ${wl}${output_objdir}/so_locations -o $lib'
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)=' -expect_unresolved \*'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$LD -shared${allow_undefined_flag} $libobjs $deplibs $linker_flags -soname $soname `test -n "$verstring" && echo -set_version $verstring` -update_registry ${output_objdir}/so_locations -o $lib'
+ fi
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-rpath ${wl}$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_separator, $1)=:
+ ;;
+
+ osf4* | osf5*) # as osf3* with the addition of -msym flag
+ if test "$GCC" = yes; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)=' ${wl}-expect_unresolved ${wl}\*'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared${allow_undefined_flag} $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags ${wl}-msym ${wl}-soname ${wl}$soname `test -n "$verstring" && echo ${wl}-set_version ${wl}$verstring` ${wl}-update_registry ${wl}${output_objdir}/so_locations -o $lib'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-rpath ${wl}$libdir'
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)=' -expect_unresolved \*'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$LD -shared${allow_undefined_flag} $libobjs $deplibs $linker_flags -msym -soname $soname `test -n "$verstring" && echo -set_version $verstring` -update_registry ${output_objdir}/so_locations -o $lib'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='for i in `cat $export_symbols`; do printf "%s %s\\n" -exported_symbol "\$i" >> $lib.exp; done; echo "-hidden">> $lib.exp~
+ $LD -shared${allow_undefined_flag} -input $lib.exp $linker_flags $libobjs $deplibs -soname $soname `test -n "$verstring" && echo -set_version $verstring` -update_registry ${output_objdir}/so_locations -o $lib~$rm $lib.exp'
+
+ # Both c and cxx compiler support -rpath directly
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='-rpath $libdir'
+ fi
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_separator, $1)=:
+ ;;
+
+ solaris*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(no_undefined_flag, $1)=' -z text'
+ if test "$GCC" = yes; then
+ wlarc='${wl}'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared ${wl}-h ${wl}$soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='$echo "{ global:" > $lib.exp~cat $export_symbols | $SED -e "s/\(.*\)/\1;/" >> $lib.exp~$echo "local: *; };" >> $lib.exp~
+ $CC -shared ${wl}-M ${wl}$lib.exp ${wl}-h ${wl}$soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags~$rm $lib.exp'
+ else
+ wlarc=''
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$LD -G${allow_undefined_flag} -h $soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $linker_flags'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='$echo "{ global:" > $lib.exp~cat $export_symbols | $SED -e "s/\(.*\)/\1;/" >> $lib.exp~$echo "local: *; };" >> $lib.exp~
+ $LD -G${allow_undefined_flag} -M $lib.exp -h $soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $linker_flags~$rm $lib.exp'
+ fi
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='-R$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=no
+ case $host_os in
+ solaris2.[[0-5]] | solaris2.[[0-5]].*) ;;
+ *)
+ # The compiler driver will combine linker options so we
+ # cannot just pass the convience library names through
+ # without $wl, iff we do not link with $LD.
+ # Luckily, gcc supports the same syntax we need for Sun Studio.
+ # Supported since Solaris 2.6 (maybe 2.5.1?)
+ case $wlarc in
+ '')
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(whole_archive_flag_spec, $1)='-z allextract$convenience -z defaultextract' ;;
+ *)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(whole_archive_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-z ${wl}allextract`for conv in $convenience\"\"; do test -n \"$conv\" && new_convenience=\"$new_convenience,$conv\"; done; $echo \"$new_convenience\"` ${wl}-z ${wl}defaultextract' ;;
+ esac ;;
+ esac
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(link_all_deplibs, $1)=yes
+ ;;
+
+ sunos4*)
+ if test "x$host_vendor" = xsequent; then
+ # Use $CC to link under sequent, because it throws in some extra .o
+ # files that make .init and .fini sections work.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -G ${wl}-h $soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags'
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$LD -assert pure-text -Bstatic -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $linker_flags'
+ fi
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='-L$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_minus_L, $1)=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=no
+ ;;
+
+ sysv4)
+ case $host_vendor in
+ sni)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$LD -G -h $soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $linker_flags'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=yes # is this really true???
+ ;;
+ siemens)
+ ## LD is ld it makes a PLAMLIB
+ ## CC just makes a GrossModule.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$LD -G -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $linker_flags'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(reload_cmds, $1)='$CC -r -o $output$reload_objs'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ motorola)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$LD -G -h $soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $linker_flags'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_direct, $1)=no #Motorola manual says yes, but my tests say they lie
+ ;;
+ esac
+ runpath_var='LD_RUN_PATH'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=no
+ ;;
+
+ sysv4.3*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$LD -G -h $soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $linker_flags'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=no
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_dynamic_flag_spec, $1)='-Bexport'
+ ;;
+
+ sysv4*MP*)
+ if test -d /usr/nec; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$LD -G -h $soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $linker_flags'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=no
+ runpath_var=LD_RUN_PATH
+ hardcode_runpath_var=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=yes
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+ sysv4*uw2* | sysv5OpenUNIX* | sysv5UnixWare7.[[01]].[[10]]* | unixware7*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(no_undefined_flag, $1)='${wl}-z,text'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds_need_lc, $1)=no
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=no
+ runpath_var='LD_RUN_PATH'
+
+ if test "$GCC" = yes; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared ${wl}-h,$soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared ${wl}-Bexport:$export_symbols ${wl}-h,$soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags'
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -G ${wl}-h,$soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='$CC -G ${wl}-Bexport:$export_symbols ${wl}-h,$soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags'
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+ sysv5* | sco3.2v5* | sco5v6*)
+ # Note: We can NOT use -z defs as we might desire, because we do not
+ # link with -lc, and that would cause any symbols used from libc to
+ # always be unresolved, which means just about no library would
+ # ever link correctly. If we're not using GNU ld we use -z text
+ # though, which does catch some bad symbols but isn't as heavy-handed
+ # as -z defs.
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(no_undefined_flag, $1)='${wl}-z,text'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)='${wl}-z,nodefs'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds_need_lc, $1)=no
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=no
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='`test -z "$SCOABSPATH" && echo ${wl}-R,$libdir`'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_separator, $1)=':'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(link_all_deplibs, $1)=yes
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(export_dynamic_flag_spec, $1)='${wl}-Bexport'
+ runpath_var='LD_RUN_PATH'
+
+ if test "$GCC" = yes; then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared ${wl}-h,\${SCOABSPATH:+${install_libdir}/}$soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='$CC -shared ${wl}-Bexport:$export_symbols ${wl}-h,\${SCOABSPATH:+${install_libdir}/}$soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags'
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$CC -G ${wl}-h,\${SCOABSPATH:+${install_libdir}/}$soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_expsym_cmds, $1)='$CC -G ${wl}-Bexport:$export_symbols ${wl}-h,\${SCOABSPATH:+${install_libdir}/}$soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $compiler_flags'
+ fi
+ ;;
+
+ uts4*)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1)='$LD -G -h $soname -o $lib $libobjs $deplibs $linker_flags'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_libdir_flag_spec, $1)='-L$libdir'
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(hardcode_shlibpath_var, $1)=no
+ ;;
+
+ *)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)=no
+ ;;
+ esac
+ fi
+])
+AC_MSG_RESULT([$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)])
+test "$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(ld_shlibs, $1)" = no && can_build_shared=no
+
+#
+# Do we need to explicitly link libc?
+#
+case "x$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds_need_lc, $1)" in
+x|xyes)
+ # Assume -lc should be added
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds_need_lc, $1)=yes
+
+ if test "$enable_shared" = yes && test "$GCC" = yes; then
+ case $_LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1) in
+ *'~'*)
+ # FIXME: we may have to deal with multi-command sequences.
+ ;;
+ '$CC '*)
+ # Test whether the compiler implicitly links with -lc since on some
+ # systems, -lgcc has to come before -lc. If gcc already passes -lc
+ # to ld, don't add -lc before -lgcc.
+ AC_MSG_CHECKING([whether -lc should be explicitly linked in])
+ $rm conftest*
+ printf "$lt_simple_compile_test_code" > conftest.$ac_ext
+
+ if AC_TRY_EVAL(ac_compile) 2>conftest.err; then
+ soname=conftest
+ lib=conftest
+ libobjs=conftest.$ac_objext
+ deplibs=
+ wl=$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_wl, $1)
+ pic_flag=$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(lt_prog_compiler_pic, $1)
+ compiler_flags=-v
+ linker_flags=-v
+ verstring=
+ output_objdir=.
+ libname=conftest
+ lt_save_allow_undefined_flag=$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)=
+ if AC_TRY_EVAL(_LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds, $1) 2\>\&1 \| grep \" -lc \" \>/dev/null 2\>\&1)
+ then
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds_need_lc, $1)=no
+ else
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds_need_lc, $1)=yes
+ fi
+ _LT_AC_TAGVAR(allow_undefined_flag, $1)=$lt_save_allow_undefined_flag
+ else
+ cat conftest.err 1>&5
+ fi
+ $rm conftest*
+ AC_MSG_RESULT([$_LT_AC_TAGVAR(archive_cmds_need_lc, $1)])
+ ;;
+ esac
+ fi
+ ;;
+esac
+])# AC_LIBTOOL_PROG_LD_SHLIBS
+
+
+# _LT_AC_FILE_LTDLL_C
+# -------------------
+# Be careful that the start marker always follows a newline.
+AC_DEFUN([_LT_AC_FILE_LTDLL_C], [
+# /* ltdll.c starts here */
+# #define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+# #include <windows.h>
+# #undef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+# #include <stdio.h>
+#
+# #ifndef __CYGWIN__
+# # ifdef __CYGWIN32__
+# # define __CYGWIN__ __CYGWIN32__
+# # endif
+# #endif
+#
+# #ifdef __cplusplus
+# extern "C" {
+# #endif
+# BOOL APIENTRY DllMain (HINSTANCE hInst, DWORD reason, LPVOID reserved);
+# #ifdef __cplusplus
+# }
+# #endif
+#
+# #ifdef __CYGWIN__
+# #include <cygwin/cygwin_dll.h>
+# DECLARE_CYGWIN_DLL( DllMain );
+# #endif
+# HINSTANCE __hDllInstance_base;
+#
+# BOOL APIENTRY
+# DllMain (HINSTANCE hInst, DWORD reason, LPVOID reserved)
+# {
+# __hDllInstance_base = hInst;
+# return TRUE;
+# }
+# /* ltdll.c ends here */
+])# _LT_AC_FILE_LTDLL_C
+
+
+# _LT_AC_TAGVAR(VARNAME, [TAGNAME])
+# ---------------------------------
+AC_DEFUN([_LT_AC_TAGVAR], [ifelse([$2], [], [$1], [$1_$2])])
+
+
+# old names
+AC_DEFUN([AM_PROG_LIBTOOL], [AC_PROG_LIBTOOL])
+AC_DEFUN([AM_ENABLE_SHARED], [AC_ENABLE_SHARED($@)])
+AC_DEFUN([AM_ENABLE_STATIC], [AC_ENABLE_STATIC($@)])
+AC_DEFUN([AM_DISABLE_SHARED], [AC_DISABLE_SHARED($@)])
+AC_DEFUN([AM_DISABLE_STATIC], [AC_DISABLE_STATIC($@)])
+AC_DEFUN([AM_PROG_LD], [AC_PROG_LD])
+AC_DEFUN([AM_PROG_NM], [AC_PROG_NM])
+
+# This is just to silence aclocal about the macro not being used
+ifelse([AC_DISABLE_FAST_INSTALL])
+
+AC_DEFUN([LT_AC_PROG_GCJ],
+[AC_CHECK_TOOL(GCJ, gcj, no)
+ test "x${GCJFLAGS+set}" = xset || GCJFLAGS="-g -O2"
+ AC_SUBST(GCJFLAGS)
+])
+
+AC_DEFUN([LT_AC_PROG_RC],
+[AC_CHECK_TOOL(RC, windres, no)
+])
+
+# NOTE: This macro has been submitted for inclusion into #
+# GNU Autoconf as AC_PROG_SED. When it is available in #
+# a released version of Autoconf we should remove this #
+# macro and use it instead. #
+# LT_AC_PROG_SED
+# --------------
+# Check for a fully-functional sed program, that truncates
+# as few characters as possible. Prefer GNU sed if found.
+AC_DEFUN([LT_AC_PROG_SED],
+[AC_MSG_CHECKING([for a sed that does not truncate output])
+AC_CACHE_VAL(lt_cv_path_SED,
+[# Loop through the user's path and test for sed and gsed.
+# Then use that list of sed's as ones to test for truncation.
+as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
+for as_dir in $PATH
+do
+ IFS=$as_save_IFS
+ test -z "$as_dir" && as_dir=.
+ for lt_ac_prog in sed gsed; do
+ for ac_exec_ext in '' $ac_executable_extensions; do
+ if $as_executable_p "$as_dir/$lt_ac_prog$ac_exec_ext"; then
+ lt_ac_sed_list="$lt_ac_sed_list $as_dir/$lt_ac_prog$ac_exec_ext"
+ fi
+ done
+ done
+done
+lt_ac_max=0
+lt_ac_count=0
+# Add /usr/xpg4/bin/sed as it is typically found on Solaris
+# along with /bin/sed that truncates output.
+for lt_ac_sed in $lt_ac_sed_list /usr/xpg4/bin/sed; do
+ test ! -f $lt_ac_sed && continue
+ cat /dev/null > conftest.in
+ lt_ac_count=0
+ echo $ECHO_N "0123456789$ECHO_C" >conftest.in
+ # Check for GNU sed and select it if it is found.
+ if "$lt_ac_sed" --version 2>&1 < /dev/null | grep 'GNU' > /dev/null; then
+ lt_cv_path_SED=$lt_ac_sed
+ break
+ fi
+ while true; do
+ cat conftest.in conftest.in >conftest.tmp
+ mv conftest.tmp conftest.in
+ cp conftest.in conftest.nl
+ echo >>conftest.nl
+ $lt_ac_sed -e 's/a$//' < conftest.nl >conftest.out || break
+ cmp -s conftest.out conftest.nl || break
+ # 10000 chars as input seems more than enough
+ test $lt_ac_count -gt 10 && break
+ lt_ac_count=`expr $lt_ac_count + 1`
+ if test $lt_ac_count -gt $lt_ac_max; then
+ lt_ac_max=$lt_ac_count
+ lt_cv_path_SED=$lt_ac_sed
+ fi
+ done
+done
+])
+SED=$lt_cv_path_SED
+AC_MSG_RESULT([$SED])
+])
+
--- /dev/null
+libtoolize
+aclocal
+automake --add-missing
+autoconf
+autoheader
--- /dev/null
+/* config.h.in. Generated from configure.ac by autoheader. */
+
+/* Define to 1 if you have the <dlfcn.h> header file. */
+#undef HAVE_DLFCN_H
+
+/* fdatasync(2) is available */
+#undef HAVE_FDATASYNC
+
+/* futimes(2) is available */
+#undef HAVE_FUTIMES
+
+/* Define to 1 if you have the <inttypes.h> header file. */
+#undef HAVE_INTTYPES_H
+
+/* Define to 1 if you have the <memory.h> header file. */
+#undef HAVE_MEMORY_H
+
+/* pread(2) and pwrite(2) are available */
+#undef HAVE_PREADWRITE
+
+/* readahead(2) is available (linux) */
+#undef HAVE_READAHEAD
+
+/* sendfile(2) is available and supported */
+#undef HAVE_SENDFILE
+
+/* Define to 1 if you have the <stdint.h> header file. */
+#undef HAVE_STDINT_H
+
+/* Define to 1 if you have the <stdlib.h> header file. */
+#undef HAVE_STDLIB_H
+
+/* Define to 1 if you have the <strings.h> header file. */
+#undef HAVE_STRINGS_H
+
+/* Define to 1 if you have the <string.h> header file. */
+#undef HAVE_STRING_H
+
+/* sync_file_range(2) is available */
+#undef HAVE_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
+
+/* Define to 1 if you have the <sys/stat.h> header file. */
+#undef HAVE_SYS_STAT_H
+
+/* Define to 1 if you have the <sys/types.h> header file. */
+#undef HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
+
+/* Define to 1 if you have the <unistd.h> header file. */
+#undef HAVE_UNISTD_H
+
+/* Name of package */
+#undef PACKAGE
+
+/* Define to the address where bug reports for this package should be sent. */
+#undef PACKAGE_BUGREPORT
+
+/* Define to the full name of this package. */
+#undef PACKAGE_NAME
+
+/* Define to the full name and version of this package. */
+#undef PACKAGE_STRING
+
+/* Define to the one symbol short name of this package. */
+#undef PACKAGE_TARNAME
+
+/* Define to the version of this package. */
+#undef PACKAGE_VERSION
+
+/* Define to 1 if you have the ANSI C header files. */
+#undef STDC_HEADERS
+
+/* Version number of package */
+#undef VERSION
--- /dev/null
+AC_PREREQ(2.59)
+AC_INIT
+AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR([eio.h])
+AC_CONFIG_HEADERS([config.h])
+
+AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE(libeio,1.0)
+AM_MAINTAINER_MODE
+AC_PROG_LIBTOOL
+
+AC_PROG_CC
+
+if test "x$GCC" = xyes ; then
+ CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -O3"
+fi
+
+dnl somebody will forgive me
+CFLAGS="-D_GNU_SOURCE"
+
+m4_include([libeio.m4])
+
+AC_CONFIG_FILES([Makefile])
+AC_OUTPUT
--- /dev/null
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <poll.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+
+#include "eio.h"
+
+int respipe [2];
+
+void
+want_poll (void)
+{
+ char dummy;
+ printf ("want_poll ()\n");
+ write (respipe [1], &dummy, 1);
+}
+
+void
+done_poll (void)
+{
+ char dummy;
+ printf ("done_poll ()\n");
+ read (respipe [0], &dummy, 1);
+}
+
+void
+event_loop (void)
+{
+ // an event loop. yeah.
+ struct pollfd pfd;
+ pfd.fd = respipe [0];
+ pfd.events = POLLIN;
+
+ printf ("\nentering event loop\n");
+ while (eio_nreqs ())
+ {
+ poll (&pfd, 1, -1);
+ printf ("eio_poll () = %d\n", eio_poll ());
+ }
+ printf ("leaving event loop\n");
+}
+
+int
+res_cb (eio_req *req)
+{
+ printf ("res_cb(%d|%s) = %d\n", req->type, req->data ? req->data : "?", EIO_RESULT (req));
+
+ if (req->result < 0)
+ abort ();
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int
+readdir_cb (eio_req *req)
+{
+ char *buf = (char *)EIO_BUF (req);
+
+ printf ("readdir_cb = %d\n", EIO_RESULT (req));
+
+ if (EIO_RESULT (req) < 0)
+ return 0;
+
+ while (EIO_RESULT (req)--)
+ {
+ printf ("readdir = <%s>\n", buf);
+ buf += strlen (buf) + 1;
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int
+stat_cb (eio_req *req)
+{
+ struct stat *buf = EIO_STAT_BUF (req);
+
+ if (req->type == EIO_FSTAT)
+ printf ("fstat_cb = %d\n", EIO_RESULT (req));
+ else
+ printf ("stat_cb(%s) = %d\n", EIO_PATH (req), EIO_RESULT (req));
+
+ if (!EIO_RESULT (req))
+ printf ("stat size %d perm 0%o\n", buf->st_size, buf->st_mode & 0777);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int
+read_cb (eio_req *req)
+{
+ unsigned char *buf = (unsigned char *)EIO_BUF (req);
+
+ printf ("read_cb = %d (%02x%02x%02x%02x %02x%02x%02x%02x)\n",
+ EIO_RESULT (req),
+ buf [0], buf [1], buf [2], buf [3],
+ buf [4], buf [5], buf [6], buf [7]);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int last_fd;
+
+int
+open_cb (eio_req *req)
+{
+ printf ("open_cb = %d\n", EIO_RESULT (req));
+
+ last_fd = EIO_RESULT (req);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int
+main (void)
+{
+ printf ("pipe ()\n");
+ if (pipe (respipe)) abort ();
+
+ printf ("eio_init ()\n");
+ if (eio_init (want_poll, done_poll)) abort ();
+
+ do
+ {
+ /* avoid relative paths yourself(!) */
+ eio_mkdir ("eio-test-dir", 0777, 0, res_cb, "mkdir");
+ eio_nop (0, res_cb, "nop");
+ event_loop ();
+
+ eio_stat ("eio-test-dir", 0, stat_cb, "stat");
+ eio_lstat ("eio-test-dir", 0, stat_cb, "stat");
+ eio_open ("eio-test-dir/eio-test-file", O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0777, 0, open_cb, "open");
+ eio_symlink ("test", "eio-test-dir/eio-symlink", 0, res_cb, "symlink");
+ eio_mknod ("eio-test-dir/eio-fifo", S_IFIFO, 0, 0, res_cb, "mknod");
+ event_loop ();
+
+ eio_utime ("eio-test-dir", 12345.678, 23456.789, 0, res_cb, "utime");
+ eio_futime (last_fd, 92345.678, 93456.789, 0, res_cb, "futime");
+ eio_chown ("eio-test-dir", getuid (), getgid (), 0, res_cb, "chown");
+ eio_fchown (last_fd, getuid (), getgid (), 0, res_cb, "fchown");
+ eio_fchmod (last_fd, 0123, 0, res_cb, "fchmod");
+ eio_readdir ("eio-test-dir", 0, readdir_cb, "readdir");
+ eio_readdir ("/nonexistant", 0, readdir_cb, "readdir");
+ eio_fstat (last_fd, 0, stat_cb, "stat");
+ eio_write (last_fd, "test\nfail\n", 10, 4, 0, res_cb, "write");
+ event_loop ();
+
+ eio_read (last_fd, 0, 8, 0, EIO_PRI_DEFAULT, read_cb, "read");
+ eio_readlink ("eio-test-dir/eio-symlink", 0, res_cb, "readlink");
+ event_loop ();
+
+ eio_dup2 (1, 2, EIO_PRI_DEFAULT, res_cb, "dup"); // dup stdout to stderr
+ eio_chmod ("eio-test-dir", 0765, 0, res_cb, "chmod");
+ eio_ftruncate (last_fd, 9, 0, res_cb, "ftruncate");
+ eio_fdatasync (last_fd, 0, res_cb, "fdatasync");
+ eio_fsync (last_fd, 0, res_cb, "fsync");
+ eio_sync (0, res_cb, "sync");
+ eio_busy (0.5, 0, res_cb, "busy");
+ event_loop ();
+
+ eio_sendfile (1, last_fd, 4, 5, 0, res_cb, "sendfile"); // write "test\n" to stdout
+ eio_fstat (last_fd, 0, stat_cb, "stat");
+ event_loop ();
+
+ eio_truncate ("eio-test-dir/eio-test-file", 6, 0, res_cb, "truncate");
+ eio_readahead (last_fd, 0, 64, 0, res_cb, "readahead");
+ event_loop ();
+
+ eio_close (last_fd, 0, res_cb, "close");
+ eio_link ("eio-test-dir/eio-test-file", "eio-test-dir/eio-test-file-2", 0, res_cb, "link");
+ event_loop ();
+
+ eio_rename ("eio-test-dir/eio-test-file", "eio-test-dir/eio-test-file-renamed", 0, res_cb, "rename");
+ event_loop ();
+
+ eio_unlink ("eio-test-dir/eio-fifo", 0, res_cb, "unlink");
+ eio_unlink ("eio-test-dir/eio-symlink", 0, res_cb, "unlink");
+ eio_unlink ("eio-test-dir/eio-test-file-2", 0, res_cb, "unlink");
+ eio_unlink ("eio-test-dir/eio-test-file-renamed", 0, res_cb, "unlink");
+ event_loop ();
+
+ eio_rmdir ("eio-test-dir", 0, res_cb, "rmdir");
+ event_loop ();
+ }
+ while (0);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 2.16 (Pod::Simple 3.05)
+.\"
+.\" Standard preamble:
+.\" ========================================================================
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+.br
+.if t .Sp
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+.PP
+\fB\\$1\fR
+.PP
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+.\"
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+..
+.\}
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+. ds / \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\z\(sl\h'|\\n:u'
+.\}
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+.ds ae a\h'-(\w'a'u*4/10)'e
+.ds Ae A\h'-(\w'A'u*4/10)'E
+. \" corrections for vroff
+.if v .ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*9/10-\*(#H)'\s-2\u~\d\s+2\h'|\\n:u'
+.if v .ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'\v'-.4m'^\v'.4m'\h'|\\n:u'
+. \" for low resolution devices (crt and lpr)
+.if \n(.H>23 .if \n(.V>19 \
+\{\
+. ds : e
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+. ds ae ae
+. ds Ae AE
+.\}
+.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C
+.\" ========================================================================
+.\"
+.IX Title "LIBEIO 3"
+.TH LIBEIO 3 "2008-05-11" "libeio-1.0" "libeio - truly asynchronous POSIX I/O"
+.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
+.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
+.if n .ad l
+.nh
+.SH "NAME"
+libev \- a high performance full\-featured event loop written in C
+.SH "SYNOPSIS"
+.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
+.Vb 1
+\& #include <ev.h>
+.Ve
+.Sh "\s-1EXAMPLE\s0 \s-1PROGRAM\s0"
+.IX Subsection "EXAMPLE PROGRAM"
+.Vb 2
+\& // a single header file is required
+\& #include <ev.h>
+\&
+\& // every watcher type has its own typedef\*(Aqd struct
+\& // with the name ev_<type>
+\& ev_io stdin_watcher;
+\& ev_timer timeout_watcher;
+\&
+\& // all watcher callbacks have a similar signature
+\& // this callback is called when data is readable on stdin
+\& static void
+\& stdin_cb (EV_P_ struct ev_io *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& puts ("stdin ready");
+\& // for one\-shot events, one must manually stop the watcher
+\& // with its corresponding stop function.
+\& ev_io_stop (EV_A_ w);
+\&
+\& // this causes all nested ev_loop\*(Aqs to stop iterating
+\& ev_unloop (EV_A_ EVUNLOOP_ALL);
+\& }
+\&
+\& // another callback, this time for a time\-out
+\& static void
+\& timeout_cb (EV_P_ struct ev_timer *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& puts ("timeout");
+\& // this causes the innermost ev_loop to stop iterating
+\& ev_unloop (EV_A_ EVUNLOOP_ONE);
+\& }
+\&
+\& int
+\& main (void)
+\& {
+\& // use the default event loop unless you have special needs
+\& struct ev_loop *loop = ev_default_loop (0);
+\&
+\& // initialise an io watcher, then start it
+\& // this one will watch for stdin to become readable
+\& ev_io_init (&stdin_watcher, stdin_cb, /*STDIN_FILENO*/ 0, EV_READ);
+\& ev_io_start (loop, &stdin_watcher);
+\&
+\& // initialise a timer watcher, then start it
+\& // simple non\-repeating 5.5 second timeout
+\& ev_timer_init (&timeout_watcher, timeout_cb, 5.5, 0.);
+\& ev_timer_start (loop, &timeout_watcher);
+\&
+\& // now wait for events to arrive
+\& ev_loop (loop, 0);
+\&
+\& // unloop was called, so exit
+\& return 0;
+\& }
+.Ve
+.SH "DESCRIPTION"
+.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
+The newest version of this document is also available as an html-formatted
+web page you might find easier to navigate when reading it for the first
+time: <http://cvs.schmorp.de/libev/ev.html>.
+.PP
+Libev is an event loop: you register interest in certain events (such as a
+file descriptor being readable or a timeout occurring), and it will manage
+these event sources and provide your program with events.
+.PP
+To do this, it must take more or less complete control over your process
+(or thread) by executing the \fIevent loop\fR handler, and will then
+communicate events via a callback mechanism.
+.PP
+You register interest in certain events by registering so-called \fIevent
+watchers\fR, which are relatively small C structures you initialise with the
+details of the event, and then hand it over to libev by \fIstarting\fR the
+watcher.
+.Sh "\s-1FEATURES\s0"
+.IX Subsection "FEATURES"
+Libev supports \f(CW\*(C`select\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`poll\*(C'\fR, the Linux-specific \f(CW\*(C`epoll\*(C'\fR, the
+BSD-specific \f(CW\*(C`kqueue\*(C'\fR and the Solaris-specific event port mechanisms
+for file descriptor events (\f(CW\*(C`ev_io\*(C'\fR), the Linux \f(CW\*(C`inotify\*(C'\fR interface
+(for \f(CW\*(C`ev_stat\*(C'\fR), relative timers (\f(CW\*(C`ev_timer\*(C'\fR), absolute timers
+with customised rescheduling (\f(CW\*(C`ev_periodic\*(C'\fR), synchronous signals
+(\f(CW\*(C`ev_signal\*(C'\fR), process status change events (\f(CW\*(C`ev_child\*(C'\fR), and event
+watchers dealing with the event loop mechanism itself (\f(CW\*(C`ev_idle\*(C'\fR,
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_embed\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`ev_prepare\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`ev_check\*(C'\fR watchers) as well as
+file watchers (\f(CW\*(C`ev_stat\*(C'\fR) and even limited support for fork events
+(\f(CW\*(C`ev_fork\*(C'\fR).
+.PP
+It also is quite fast (see this
+benchmark comparing it to libevent
+for example).
+.Sh "\s-1CONVENTIONS\s0"
+.IX Subsection "CONVENTIONS"
+Libev is very configurable. In this manual the default (and most common)
+configuration will be described, which supports multiple event loops. For
+more info about various configuration options please have a look at
+\&\fB\s-1EMBED\s0\fR section in this manual. If libev was configured without support
+for multiple event loops, then all functions taking an initial argument of
+name \f(CW\*(C`loop\*(C'\fR (which is always of type \f(CW\*(C`struct ev_loop *\*(C'\fR) will not have
+this argument.
+.Sh "\s-1TIME\s0 \s-1REPRESENTATION\s0"
+.IX Subsection "TIME REPRESENTATION"
+Libev represents time as a single floating point number, representing the
+(fractional) number of seconds since the (\s-1POSIX\s0) epoch (somewhere near
+the beginning of 1970, details are complicated, don't ask). This type is
+called \f(CW\*(C`ev_tstamp\*(C'\fR, which is what you should use too. It usually aliases
+to the \f(CW\*(C`double\*(C'\fR type in C, and when you need to do any calculations on
+it, you should treat it as some floatingpoint value. Unlike the name
+component \f(CW\*(C`stamp\*(C'\fR might indicate, it is also used for time differences
+throughout libev.
+.SH "GLOBAL FUNCTIONS"
+.IX Header "GLOBAL FUNCTIONS"
+These functions can be called anytime, even before initialising the
+library in any way.
+.IP "ev_tstamp ev_time ()" 4
+.IX Item "ev_tstamp ev_time ()"
+Returns the current time as libev would use it. Please note that the
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_now\*(C'\fR function is usually faster and also often returns the timestamp
+you actually want to know.
+.IP "ev_sleep (ev_tstamp interval)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_sleep (ev_tstamp interval)"
+Sleep for the given interval: The current thread will be blocked until
+either it is interrupted or the given time interval has passed. Basically
+this is a subsecond-resolution \f(CW\*(C`sleep ()\*(C'\fR.
+.IP "int ev_version_major ()" 4
+.IX Item "int ev_version_major ()"
+.PD 0
+.IP "int ev_version_minor ()" 4
+.IX Item "int ev_version_minor ()"
+.PD
+You can find out the major and minor \s-1ABI\s0 version numbers of the library
+you linked against by calling the functions \f(CW\*(C`ev_version_major\*(C'\fR and
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_version_minor\*(C'\fR. If you want, you can compare against the global
+symbols \f(CW\*(C`EV_VERSION_MAJOR\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`EV_VERSION_MINOR\*(C'\fR, which specify the
+version of the library your program was compiled against.
+.Sp
+These version numbers refer to the \s-1ABI\s0 version of the library, not the
+release version.
+.Sp
+Usually, it's a good idea to terminate if the major versions mismatch,
+as this indicates an incompatible change. Minor versions are usually
+compatible to older versions, so a larger minor version alone is usually
+not a problem.
+.Sp
+Example: Make sure we haven't accidentally been linked against the wrong
+version.
+.Sp
+.Vb 3
+\& assert (("libev version mismatch",
+\& ev_version_major () == EV_VERSION_MAJOR
+\& && ev_version_minor () >= EV_VERSION_MINOR));
+.Ve
+.IP "unsigned int ev_supported_backends ()" 4
+.IX Item "unsigned int ev_supported_backends ()"
+Return the set of all backends (i.e. their corresponding \f(CW\*(C`EV_BACKEND_*\*(C'\fR
+value) compiled into this binary of libev (independent of their
+availability on the system you are running on). See \f(CW\*(C`ev_default_loop\*(C'\fR for
+a description of the set values.
+.Sp
+Example: make sure we have the epoll method, because yeah this is cool and
+a must have and can we have a torrent of it please!!!11
+.Sp
+.Vb 2
+\& assert (("sorry, no epoll, no sex",
+\& ev_supported_backends () & EVBACKEND_EPOLL));
+.Ve
+.IP "unsigned int ev_recommended_backends ()" 4
+.IX Item "unsigned int ev_recommended_backends ()"
+Return the set of all backends compiled into this binary of libev and also
+recommended for this platform. This set is often smaller than the one
+returned by \f(CW\*(C`ev_supported_backends\*(C'\fR, as for example kqueue is broken on
+most BSDs and will not be autodetected unless you explicitly request it
+(assuming you know what you are doing). This is the set of backends that
+libev will probe for if you specify no backends explicitly.
+.IP "unsigned int ev_embeddable_backends ()" 4
+.IX Item "unsigned int ev_embeddable_backends ()"
+Returns the set of backends that are embeddable in other event loops. This
+is the theoretical, all-platform, value. To find which backends
+might be supported on the current system, you would need to look at
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_embeddable_backends () & ev_supported_backends ()\*(C'\fR, likewise for
+recommended ones.
+.Sp
+See the description of \f(CW\*(C`ev_embed\*(C'\fR watchers for more info.
+.IP "ev_set_allocator (void *(*cb)(void *ptr, long size))" 4
+.IX Item "ev_set_allocator (void *(*cb)(void *ptr, long size))"
+Sets the allocation function to use (the prototype is similar \- the
+semantics are identical to the \f(CW\*(C`realloc\*(C'\fR C89/SuS/POSIX function). It is
+used to allocate and free memory (no surprises here). If it returns zero
+when memory needs to be allocated (\f(CW\*(C`size != 0\*(C'\fR), the library might abort
+or take some potentially destructive action.
+.Sp
+Since some systems (at least OpenBSD and Darwin) fail to implement
+correct \f(CW\*(C`realloc\*(C'\fR semantics, libev will use a wrapper around the system
+\&\f(CW\*(C`realloc\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`free\*(C'\fR functions by default.
+.Sp
+You could override this function in high-availability programs to, say,
+free some memory if it cannot allocate memory, to use a special allocator,
+or even to sleep a while and retry until some memory is available.
+.Sp
+Example: Replace the libev allocator with one that waits a bit and then
+retries (example requires a standards-compliant \f(CW\*(C`realloc\*(C'\fR).
+.Sp
+.Vb 6
+\& static void *
+\& persistent_realloc (void *ptr, size_t size)
+\& {
+\& for (;;)
+\& {
+\& void *newptr = realloc (ptr, size);
+\&
+\& if (newptr)
+\& return newptr;
+\&
+\& sleep (60);
+\& }
+\& }
+\&
+\& ...
+\& ev_set_allocator (persistent_realloc);
+.Ve
+.IP "ev_set_syserr_cb (void (*cb)(const char *msg));" 4
+.IX Item "ev_set_syserr_cb (void (*cb)(const char *msg));"
+Set the callback function to call on a retryable syscall error (such
+as failed select, poll, epoll_wait). The message is a printable string
+indicating the system call or subsystem causing the problem. If this
+callback is set, then libev will expect it to remedy the sitution, no
+matter what, when it returns. That is, libev will generally retry the
+requested operation, or, if the condition doesn't go away, do bad stuff
+(such as abort).
+.Sp
+Example: This is basically the same thing that libev does internally, too.
+.Sp
+.Vb 6
+\& static void
+\& fatal_error (const char *msg)
+\& {
+\& perror (msg);
+\& abort ();
+\& }
+\&
+\& ...
+\& ev_set_syserr_cb (fatal_error);
+.Ve
+.SH "FUNCTIONS CONTROLLING THE EVENT LOOP"
+.IX Header "FUNCTIONS CONTROLLING THE EVENT LOOP"
+An event loop is described by a \f(CW\*(C`struct ev_loop *\*(C'\fR. The library knows two
+types of such loops, the \fIdefault\fR loop, which supports signals and child
+events, and dynamically created loops which do not.
+.IP "struct ev_loop *ev_default_loop (unsigned int flags)" 4
+.IX Item "struct ev_loop *ev_default_loop (unsigned int flags)"
+This will initialise the default event loop if it hasn't been initialised
+yet and return it. If the default loop could not be initialised, returns
+false. If it already was initialised it simply returns it (and ignores the
+flags. If that is troubling you, check \f(CW\*(C`ev_backend ()\*(C'\fR afterwards).
+.Sp
+If you don't know what event loop to use, use the one returned from this
+function.
+.Sp
+Note that this function is \fInot\fR thread-safe, so if you want to use it
+from multiple threads, you have to lock (note also that this is unlikely,
+as loops cannot bes hared easily between threads anyway).
+.Sp
+The default loop is the only loop that can handle \f(CW\*(C`ev_signal\*(C'\fR and
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_child\*(C'\fR watchers, and to do this, it always registers a handler
+for \f(CW\*(C`SIGCHLD\*(C'\fR. If this is a problem for your app you can either
+create a dynamic loop with \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop_new\*(C'\fR that doesn't do that, or you
+can simply overwrite the \f(CW\*(C`SIGCHLD\*(C'\fR signal handler \fIafter\fR calling
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_default_init\*(C'\fR.
+.Sp
+The flags argument can be used to specify special behaviour or specific
+backends to use, and is usually specified as \f(CW0\fR (or \f(CW\*(C`EVFLAG_AUTO\*(C'\fR).
+.Sp
+The following flags are supported:
+.RS 4
+.ie n .IP """EVFLAG_AUTO""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEVFLAG_AUTO\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EVFLAG_AUTO"
+The default flags value. Use this if you have no clue (it's the right
+thing, believe me).
+.ie n .IP """EVFLAG_NOENV""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEVFLAG_NOENV\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EVFLAG_NOENV"
+If this flag bit is ored into the flag value (or the program runs setuid
+or setgid) then libev will \fInot\fR look at the environment variable
+\&\f(CW\*(C`LIBEV_FLAGS\*(C'\fR. Otherwise (the default), this environment variable will
+override the flags completely if it is found in the environment. This is
+useful to try out specific backends to test their performance, or to work
+around bugs.
+.ie n .IP """EVFLAG_FORKCHECK""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEVFLAG_FORKCHECK\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EVFLAG_FORKCHECK"
+Instead of calling \f(CW\*(C`ev_default_fork\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop_fork\*(C'\fR manually after
+a fork, you can also make libev check for a fork in each iteration by
+enabling this flag.
+.Sp
+This works by calling \f(CW\*(C`getpid ()\*(C'\fR on every iteration of the loop,
+and thus this might slow down your event loop if you do a lot of loop
+iterations and little real work, but is usually not noticeable (on my
+GNU/Linux system for example, \f(CW\*(C`getpid\*(C'\fR is actually a simple 5\-insn sequence
+without a syscall and thus \fIvery\fR fast, but my GNU/Linux system also has
+\&\f(CW\*(C`pthread_atfork\*(C'\fR which is even faster).
+.Sp
+The big advantage of this flag is that you can forget about fork (and
+forget about forgetting to tell libev about forking) when you use this
+flag.
+.Sp
+This flag setting cannot be overriden or specified in the \f(CW\*(C`LIBEV_FLAGS\*(C'\fR
+environment variable.
+.ie n .IP """EVBACKEND_SELECT"" (value 1, portable select backend)" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEVBACKEND_SELECT\fR (value 1, portable select backend)" 4
+.IX Item "EVBACKEND_SELECT (value 1, portable select backend)"
+This is your standard \fIselect\fR\|(2) backend. Not \fIcompletely\fR standard, as
+libev tries to roll its own fd_set with no limits on the number of fds,
+but if that fails, expect a fairly low limit on the number of fds when
+using this backend. It doesn't scale too well (O(highest_fd)), but its
+usually the fastest backend for a low number of (low-numbered :) fds.
+.Sp
+To get good performance out of this backend you need a high amount of
+parallelity (most of the file descriptors should be busy). If you are
+writing a server, you should \f(CW\*(C`accept ()\*(C'\fR in a loop to accept as many
+connections as possible during one iteration. You might also want to have
+a look at \f(CW\*(C`ev_set_io_collect_interval ()\*(C'\fR to increase the amount of
+readyness notifications you get per iteration.
+.ie n .IP """EVBACKEND_POLL"" (value 2, poll backend, available everywhere except on windows)" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEVBACKEND_POLL\fR (value 2, poll backend, available everywhere except on windows)" 4
+.IX Item "EVBACKEND_POLL (value 2, poll backend, available everywhere except on windows)"
+And this is your standard \fIpoll\fR\|(2) backend. It's more complicated
+than select, but handles sparse fds better and has no artificial
+limit on the number of fds you can use (except it will slow down
+considerably with a lot of inactive fds). It scales similarly to select,
+i.e. O(total_fds). See the entry for \f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_SELECT\*(C'\fR, above, for
+performance tips.
+.ie n .IP """EVBACKEND_EPOLL"" (value 4, Linux)" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEVBACKEND_EPOLL\fR (value 4, Linux)" 4
+.IX Item "EVBACKEND_EPOLL (value 4, Linux)"
+For few fds, this backend is a bit little slower than poll and select,
+but it scales phenomenally better. While poll and select usually scale
+like O(total_fds) where n is the total number of fds (or the highest fd),
+epoll scales either O(1) or O(active_fds). The epoll design has a number
+of shortcomings, such as silently dropping events in some hard-to-detect
+cases and requiring a syscall per fd change, no fork support and bad
+support for dup.
+.Sp
+While stopping, setting and starting an I/O watcher in the same iteration
+will result in some caching, there is still a syscall per such incident
+(because the fd could point to a different file description now), so its
+best to avoid that. Also, \f(CW\*(C`dup ()\*(C'\fR'ed file descriptors might not work
+very well if you register events for both fds.
+.Sp
+Please note that epoll sometimes generates spurious notifications, so you
+need to use non-blocking I/O or other means to avoid blocking when no data
+(or space) is available.
+.Sp
+Best performance from this backend is achieved by not unregistering all
+watchers for a file descriptor until it has been closed, if possible, i.e.
+keep at least one watcher active per fd at all times.
+.Sp
+While nominally embeddeble in other event loops, this feature is broken in
+all kernel versions tested so far.
+.ie n .IP """EVBACKEND_KQUEUE"" (value 8, most \s-1BSD\s0 clones)" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEVBACKEND_KQUEUE\fR (value 8, most \s-1BSD\s0 clones)" 4
+.IX Item "EVBACKEND_KQUEUE (value 8, most BSD clones)"
+Kqueue deserves special mention, as at the time of this writing, it
+was broken on all BSDs except NetBSD (usually it doesn't work reliably
+with anything but sockets and pipes, except on Darwin, where of course
+it's completely useless). For this reason it's not being \*(L"autodetected\*(R"
+unless you explicitly specify it explicitly in the flags (i.e. using
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_KQUEUE\*(C'\fR) or libev was compiled on a known-to-be-good (\-enough)
+system like NetBSD.
+.Sp
+You still can embed kqueue into a normal poll or select backend and use it
+only for sockets (after having made sure that sockets work with kqueue on
+the target platform). See \f(CW\*(C`ev_embed\*(C'\fR watchers for more info.
+.Sp
+It scales in the same way as the epoll backend, but the interface to the
+kernel is more efficient (which says nothing about its actual speed, of
+course). While stopping, setting and starting an I/O watcher does never
+cause an extra syscall as with \f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_EPOLL\*(C'\fR, it still adds up to
+two event changes per incident, support for \f(CW\*(C`fork ()\*(C'\fR is very bad and it
+drops fds silently in similarly hard-to-detect cases.
+.Sp
+This backend usually performs well under most conditions.
+.Sp
+While nominally embeddable in other event loops, this doesn't work
+everywhere, so you might need to test for this. And since it is broken
+almost everywhere, you should only use it when you have a lot of sockets
+(for which it usually works), by embedding it into another event loop
+(e.g. \f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_SELECT\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_POLL\*(C'\fR) and using it only for
+sockets.
+.ie n .IP """EVBACKEND_DEVPOLL"" (value 16, Solaris 8)" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEVBACKEND_DEVPOLL\fR (value 16, Solaris 8)" 4
+.IX Item "EVBACKEND_DEVPOLL (value 16, Solaris 8)"
+This is not implemented yet (and might never be, unless you send me an
+implementation). According to reports, \f(CW\*(C`/dev/poll\*(C'\fR only supports sockets
+and is not embeddable, which would limit the usefulness of this backend
+immensely.
+.ie n .IP """EVBACKEND_PORT"" (value 32, Solaris 10)" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEVBACKEND_PORT\fR (value 32, Solaris 10)" 4
+.IX Item "EVBACKEND_PORT (value 32, Solaris 10)"
+This uses the Solaris 10 event port mechanism. As with everything on Solaris,
+it's really slow, but it still scales very well (O(active_fds)).
+.Sp
+Please note that solaris event ports can deliver a lot of spurious
+notifications, so you need to use non-blocking I/O or other means to avoid
+blocking when no data (or space) is available.
+.Sp
+While this backend scales well, it requires one system call per active
+file descriptor per loop iteration. For small and medium numbers of file
+descriptors a \*(L"slow\*(R" \f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_SELECT\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_POLL\*(C'\fR backend
+might perform better.
+.Sp
+On the positive side, ignoring the spurious readyness notifications, this
+backend actually performed to specification in all tests and is fully
+embeddable, which is a rare feat among the OS-specific backends.
+.ie n .IP """EVBACKEND_ALL""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEVBACKEND_ALL\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EVBACKEND_ALL"
+Try all backends (even potentially broken ones that wouldn't be tried
+with \f(CW\*(C`EVFLAG_AUTO\*(C'\fR). Since this is a mask, you can do stuff such as
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_ALL & ~EVBACKEND_KQUEUE\*(C'\fR.
+.Sp
+It is definitely not recommended to use this flag.
+.RE
+.RS 4
+.Sp
+If one or more of these are ored into the flags value, then only these
+backends will be tried (in the reverse order as listed here). If none are
+specified, all backends in \f(CW\*(C`ev_recommended_backends ()\*(C'\fR will be tried.
+.Sp
+The most typical usage is like this:
+.Sp
+.Vb 2
+\& if (!ev_default_loop (0))
+\& fatal ("could not initialise libev, bad $LIBEV_FLAGS in environment?");
+.Ve
+.Sp
+Restrict libev to the select and poll backends, and do not allow
+environment settings to be taken into account:
+.Sp
+.Vb 1
+\& ev_default_loop (EVBACKEND_POLL | EVBACKEND_SELECT | EVFLAG_NOENV);
+.Ve
+.Sp
+Use whatever libev has to offer, but make sure that kqueue is used if
+available (warning, breaks stuff, best use only with your own private
+event loop and only if you know the \s-1OS\s0 supports your types of fds):
+.Sp
+.Vb 1
+\& ev_default_loop (ev_recommended_backends () | EVBACKEND_KQUEUE);
+.Ve
+.RE
+.IP "struct ev_loop *ev_loop_new (unsigned int flags)" 4
+.IX Item "struct ev_loop *ev_loop_new (unsigned int flags)"
+Similar to \f(CW\*(C`ev_default_loop\*(C'\fR, but always creates a new event loop that is
+always distinct from the default loop. Unlike the default loop, it cannot
+handle signal and child watchers, and attempts to do so will be greeted by
+undefined behaviour (or a failed assertion if assertions are enabled).
+.Sp
+Note that this function \fIis\fR thread-safe, and the recommended way to use
+libev with threads is indeed to create one loop per thread, and using the
+default loop in the \*(L"main\*(R" or \*(L"initial\*(R" thread.
+.Sp
+Example: Try to create a event loop that uses epoll and nothing else.
+.Sp
+.Vb 3
+\& struct ev_loop *epoller = ev_loop_new (EVBACKEND_EPOLL | EVFLAG_NOENV);
+\& if (!epoller)
+\& fatal ("no epoll found here, maybe it hides under your chair");
+.Ve
+.IP "ev_default_destroy ()" 4
+.IX Item "ev_default_destroy ()"
+Destroys the default loop again (frees all memory and kernel state
+etc.). None of the active event watchers will be stopped in the normal
+sense, so e.g. \f(CW\*(C`ev_is_active\*(C'\fR might still return true. It is your
+responsibility to either stop all watchers cleanly yoursef \fIbefore\fR
+calling this function, or cope with the fact afterwards (which is usually
+the easiest thing, you can just ignore the watchers and/or \f(CW\*(C`free ()\*(C'\fR them
+for example).
+.Sp
+Note that certain global state, such as signal state, will not be freed by
+this function, and related watchers (such as signal and child watchers)
+would need to be stopped manually.
+.Sp
+In general it is not advisable to call this function except in the
+rare occasion where you really need to free e.g. the signal handling
+pipe fds. If you need dynamically allocated loops it is better to use
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_loop_new\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop_destroy\*(C'\fR).
+.IP "ev_loop_destroy (loop)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_loop_destroy (loop)"
+Like \f(CW\*(C`ev_default_destroy\*(C'\fR, but destroys an event loop created by an
+earlier call to \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop_new\*(C'\fR.
+.IP "ev_default_fork ()" 4
+.IX Item "ev_default_fork ()"
+This function sets a flag that causes subsequent \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR iterations
+to reinitialise the kernel state for backends that have one. Despite the
+name, you can call it anytime, but it makes most sense after forking, in
+the child process (or both child and parent, but that again makes little
+sense). You \fImust\fR call it in the child before using any of the libev
+functions, and it will only take effect at the next \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR iteration.
+.Sp
+On the other hand, you only need to call this function in the child
+process if and only if you want to use the event library in the child. If
+you just fork+exec, you don't have to call it at all.
+.Sp
+The function itself is quite fast and it's usually not a problem to call
+it just in case after a fork. To make this easy, the function will fit in
+quite nicely into a call to \f(CW\*(C`pthread_atfork\*(C'\fR:
+.Sp
+.Vb 1
+\& pthread_atfork (0, 0, ev_default_fork);
+.Ve
+.IP "ev_loop_fork (loop)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_loop_fork (loop)"
+Like \f(CW\*(C`ev_default_fork\*(C'\fR, but acts on an event loop created by
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_loop_new\*(C'\fR. Yes, you have to call this on every allocated event loop
+after fork, and how you do this is entirely your own problem.
+.IP "int ev_is_default_loop (loop)" 4
+.IX Item "int ev_is_default_loop (loop)"
+Returns true when the given loop actually is the default loop, false otherwise.
+.IP "unsigned int ev_loop_count (loop)" 4
+.IX Item "unsigned int ev_loop_count (loop)"
+Returns the count of loop iterations for the loop, which is identical to
+the number of times libev did poll for new events. It starts at \f(CW0\fR and
+happily wraps around with enough iterations.
+.Sp
+This value can sometimes be useful as a generation counter of sorts (it
+\&\*(L"ticks\*(R" the number of loop iterations), as it roughly corresponds with
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_prepare\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`ev_check\*(C'\fR calls.
+.IP "unsigned int ev_backend (loop)" 4
+.IX Item "unsigned int ev_backend (loop)"
+Returns one of the \f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_*\*(C'\fR flags indicating the event backend in
+use.
+.IP "ev_tstamp ev_now (loop)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_tstamp ev_now (loop)"
+Returns the current \*(L"event loop time\*(R", which is the time the event loop
+received events and started processing them. This timestamp does not
+change as long as callbacks are being processed, and this is also the base
+time used for relative timers. You can treat it as the timestamp of the
+event occurring (or more correctly, libev finding out about it).
+.IP "ev_loop (loop, int flags)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_loop (loop, int flags)"
+Finally, this is it, the event handler. This function usually is called
+after you initialised all your watchers and you want to start handling
+events.
+.Sp
+If the flags argument is specified as \f(CW0\fR, it will not return until
+either no event watchers are active anymore or \f(CW\*(C`ev_unloop\*(C'\fR was called.
+.Sp
+Please note that an explicit \f(CW\*(C`ev_unloop\*(C'\fR is usually better than
+relying on all watchers to be stopped when deciding when a program has
+finished (especially in interactive programs), but having a program that
+automatically loops as long as it has to and no longer by virtue of
+relying on its watchers stopping correctly is a thing of beauty.
+.Sp
+A flags value of \f(CW\*(C`EVLOOP_NONBLOCK\*(C'\fR will look for new events, will handle
+those events and any outstanding ones, but will not block your process in
+case there are no events and will return after one iteration of the loop.
+.Sp
+A flags value of \f(CW\*(C`EVLOOP_ONESHOT\*(C'\fR will look for new events (waiting if
+neccessary) and will handle those and any outstanding ones. It will block
+your process until at least one new event arrives, and will return after
+one iteration of the loop. This is useful if you are waiting for some
+external event in conjunction with something not expressible using other
+libev watchers. However, a pair of \f(CW\*(C`ev_prepare\*(C'\fR/\f(CW\*(C`ev_check\*(C'\fR watchers is
+usually a better approach for this kind of thing.
+.Sp
+Here are the gory details of what \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR does:
+.Sp
+.Vb 10
+\& \- Before the first iteration, call any pending watchers.
+\& * If EVFLAG_FORKCHECK was used, check for a fork.
+\& \- If a fork was detected, queue and call all fork watchers.
+\& \- Queue and call all prepare watchers.
+\& \- If we have been forked, recreate the kernel state.
+\& \- Update the kernel state with all outstanding changes.
+\& \- Update the "event loop time".
+\& \- Calculate for how long to sleep or block, if at all
+\& (active idle watchers, EVLOOP_NONBLOCK or not having
+\& any active watchers at all will result in not sleeping).
+\& \- Sleep if the I/O and timer collect interval say so.
+\& \- Block the process, waiting for any events.
+\& \- Queue all outstanding I/O (fd) events.
+\& \- Update the "event loop time" and do time jump handling.
+\& \- Queue all outstanding timers.
+\& \- Queue all outstanding periodics.
+\& \- If no events are pending now, queue all idle watchers.
+\& \- Queue all check watchers.
+\& \- Call all queued watchers in reverse order (i.e. check watchers first).
+\& Signals and child watchers are implemented as I/O watchers, and will
+\& be handled here by queueing them when their watcher gets executed.
+\& \- If ev_unloop has been called, or EVLOOP_ONESHOT or EVLOOP_NONBLOCK
+\& were used, or there are no active watchers, return, otherwise
+\& continue with step *.
+.Ve
+.Sp
+Example: Queue some jobs and then loop until no events are outstanding
+anymore.
+.Sp
+.Vb 4
+\& ... queue jobs here, make sure they register event watchers as long
+\& ... as they still have work to do (even an idle watcher will do..)
+\& ev_loop (my_loop, 0);
+\& ... jobs done. yeah!
+.Ve
+.IP "ev_unloop (loop, how)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_unloop (loop, how)"
+Can be used to make a call to \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR return early (but only after it
+has processed all outstanding events). The \f(CW\*(C`how\*(C'\fR argument must be either
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EVUNLOOP_ONE\*(C'\fR, which will make the innermost \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR call return, or
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EVUNLOOP_ALL\*(C'\fR, which will make all nested \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR calls return.
+.Sp
+This \*(L"unloop state\*(R" will be cleared when entering \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR again.
+.IP "ev_ref (loop)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_ref (loop)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "ev_unref (loop)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_unref (loop)"
+.PD
+Ref/unref can be used to add or remove a reference count on the event
+loop: Every watcher keeps one reference, and as long as the reference
+count is nonzero, \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR will not return on its own. If you have
+a watcher you never unregister that should not keep \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR from
+returning, \fIev_unref()\fR after starting, and \fIev_ref()\fR before stopping it. For
+example, libev itself uses this for its internal signal pipe: It is not
+visible to the libev user and should not keep \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR from exiting if
+no event watchers registered by it are active. It is also an excellent
+way to do this for generic recurring timers or from within third-party
+libraries. Just remember to \fIunref after start\fR and \fIref before stop\fR
+(but only if the watcher wasn't active before, or was active before,
+respectively).
+.Sp
+Example: Create a signal watcher, but keep it from keeping \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR
+running when nothing else is active.
+.Sp
+.Vb 4
+\& struct ev_signal exitsig;
+\& ev_signal_init (&exitsig, sig_cb, SIGINT);
+\& ev_signal_start (loop, &exitsig);
+\& evf_unref (loop);
+.Ve
+.Sp
+Example: For some weird reason, unregister the above signal handler again.
+.Sp
+.Vb 2
+\& ev_ref (loop);
+\& ev_signal_stop (loop, &exitsig);
+.Ve
+.IP "ev_set_io_collect_interval (loop, ev_tstamp interval)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_set_io_collect_interval (loop, ev_tstamp interval)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "ev_set_timeout_collect_interval (loop, ev_tstamp interval)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_set_timeout_collect_interval (loop, ev_tstamp interval)"
+.PD
+These advanced functions influence the time that libev will spend waiting
+for events. Both are by default \f(CW0\fR, meaning that libev will try to
+invoke timer/periodic callbacks and I/O callbacks with minimum latency.
+.Sp
+Setting these to a higher value (the \f(CW\*(C`interval\*(C'\fR \fImust\fR be >= \f(CW0\fR)
+allows libev to delay invocation of I/O and timer/periodic callbacks to
+increase efficiency of loop iterations.
+.Sp
+The background is that sometimes your program runs just fast enough to
+handle one (or very few) event(s) per loop iteration. While this makes
+the program responsive, it also wastes a lot of \s-1CPU\s0 time to poll for new
+events, especially with backends like \f(CW\*(C`select ()\*(C'\fR which have a high
+overhead for the actual polling but can deliver many events at once.
+.Sp
+By setting a higher \fIio collect interval\fR you allow libev to spend more
+time collecting I/O events, so you can handle more events per iteration,
+at the cost of increasing latency. Timeouts (both \f(CW\*(C`ev_periodic\*(C'\fR and
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_timer\*(C'\fR) will be not affected. Setting this to a non-null value will
+introduce an additional \f(CW\*(C`ev_sleep ()\*(C'\fR call into most loop iterations.
+.Sp
+Likewise, by setting a higher \fItimeout collect interval\fR you allow libev
+to spend more time collecting timeouts, at the expense of increased
+latency (the watcher callback will be called later). \f(CW\*(C`ev_io\*(C'\fR watchers
+will not be affected. Setting this to a non-null value will not introduce
+any overhead in libev.
+.Sp
+Many (busy) programs can usually benefit by setting the io collect
+interval to a value near \f(CW0.1\fR or so, which is often enough for
+interactive servers (of course not for games), likewise for timeouts. It
+usually doesn't make much sense to set it to a lower value than \f(CW0.01\fR,
+as this approsaches the timing granularity of most systems.
+.SH "ANATOMY OF A WATCHER"
+.IX Header "ANATOMY OF A WATCHER"
+A watcher is a structure that you create and register to record your
+interest in some event. For instance, if you want to wait for \s-1STDIN\s0 to
+become readable, you would create an \f(CW\*(C`ev_io\*(C'\fR watcher for that:
+.PP
+.Vb 5
+\& static void my_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, struct ev_io *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& ev_io_stop (w);
+\& ev_unloop (loop, EVUNLOOP_ALL);
+\& }
+\&
+\& struct ev_loop *loop = ev_default_loop (0);
+\& struct ev_io stdin_watcher;
+\& ev_init (&stdin_watcher, my_cb);
+\& ev_io_set (&stdin_watcher, STDIN_FILENO, EV_READ);
+\& ev_io_start (loop, &stdin_watcher);
+\& ev_loop (loop, 0);
+.Ve
+.PP
+As you can see, you are responsible for allocating the memory for your
+watcher structures (and it is usually a bad idea to do this on the stack,
+although this can sometimes be quite valid).
+.PP
+Each watcher structure must be initialised by a call to \f(CW\*(C`ev_init
+(watcher *, callback)\*(C'\fR, which expects a callback to be provided. This
+callback gets invoked each time the event occurs (or, in the case of io
+watchers, each time the event loop detects that the file descriptor given
+is readable and/or writable).
+.PP
+Each watcher type has its own \f(CW\*(C`ev_<type>_set (watcher *, ...)\*(C'\fR macro
+with arguments specific to this watcher type. There is also a macro
+to combine initialisation and setting in one call: \f(CW\*(C`ev_<type>_init
+(watcher *, callback, ...)\*(C'\fR.
+.PP
+To make the watcher actually watch out for events, you have to start it
+with a watcher-specific start function (\f(CW\*(C`ev_<type>_start (loop, watcher
+*)\*(C'\fR), and you can stop watching for events at any time by calling the
+corresponding stop function (\f(CW\*(C`ev_<type>_stop (loop, watcher *)\*(C'\fR.
+.PP
+As long as your watcher is active (has been started but not stopped) you
+must not touch the values stored in it. Most specifically you must never
+reinitialise it or call its \f(CW\*(C`set\*(C'\fR macro.
+.PP
+Each and every callback receives the event loop pointer as first, the
+registered watcher structure as second, and a bitset of received events as
+third argument.
+.PP
+The received events usually include a single bit per event type received
+(you can receive multiple events at the same time). The possible bit masks
+are:
+.ie n .IP """EV_READ""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_READ\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_READ"
+.PD 0
+.ie n .IP """EV_WRITE""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_WRITE\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_WRITE"
+.PD
+The file descriptor in the \f(CW\*(C`ev_io\*(C'\fR watcher has become readable and/or
+writable.
+.ie n .IP """EV_TIMEOUT""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_TIMEOUT\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_TIMEOUT"
+The \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer\*(C'\fR watcher has timed out.
+.ie n .IP """EV_PERIODIC""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_PERIODIC\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_PERIODIC"
+The \f(CW\*(C`ev_periodic\*(C'\fR watcher has timed out.
+.ie n .IP """EV_SIGNAL""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_SIGNAL\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_SIGNAL"
+The signal specified in the \f(CW\*(C`ev_signal\*(C'\fR watcher has been received by a thread.
+.ie n .IP """EV_CHILD""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_CHILD\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_CHILD"
+The pid specified in the \f(CW\*(C`ev_child\*(C'\fR watcher has received a status change.
+.ie n .IP """EV_STAT""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_STAT\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_STAT"
+The path specified in the \f(CW\*(C`ev_stat\*(C'\fR watcher changed its attributes somehow.
+.ie n .IP """EV_IDLE""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_IDLE\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_IDLE"
+The \f(CW\*(C`ev_idle\*(C'\fR watcher has determined that you have nothing better to do.
+.ie n .IP """EV_PREPARE""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_PREPARE\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_PREPARE"
+.PD 0
+.ie n .IP """EV_CHECK""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_CHECK\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_CHECK"
+.PD
+All \f(CW\*(C`ev_prepare\*(C'\fR watchers are invoked just \fIbefore\fR \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR starts
+to gather new events, and all \f(CW\*(C`ev_check\*(C'\fR watchers are invoked just after
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR has gathered them, but before it invokes any callbacks for any
+received events. Callbacks of both watcher types can start and stop as
+many watchers as they want, and all of them will be taken into account
+(for example, a \f(CW\*(C`ev_prepare\*(C'\fR watcher might start an idle watcher to keep
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR from blocking).
+.ie n .IP """EV_EMBED""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_EMBED\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_EMBED"
+The embedded event loop specified in the \f(CW\*(C`ev_embed\*(C'\fR watcher needs attention.
+.ie n .IP """EV_FORK""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_FORK\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_FORK"
+The event loop has been resumed in the child process after fork (see
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_fork\*(C'\fR).
+.ie n .IP """EV_ASYNC""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_ASYNC\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_ASYNC"
+The given async watcher has been asynchronously notified (see \f(CW\*(C`ev_async\*(C'\fR).
+.ie n .IP """EV_ERROR""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_ERROR\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_ERROR"
+An unspecified error has occured, the watcher has been stopped. This might
+happen because the watcher could not be properly started because libev
+ran out of memory, a file descriptor was found to be closed or any other
+problem. You best act on it by reporting the problem and somehow coping
+with the watcher being stopped.
+.Sp
+Libev will usually signal a few \*(L"dummy\*(R" events together with an error,
+for example it might indicate that a fd is readable or writable, and if
+your callbacks is well-written it can just attempt the operation and cope
+with the error from \fIread()\fR or \fIwrite()\fR. This will not work in multithreaded
+programs, though, so beware.
+.Sh "\s-1GENERIC\s0 \s-1WATCHER\s0 \s-1FUNCTIONS\s0"
+.IX Subsection "GENERIC WATCHER FUNCTIONS"
+In the following description, \f(CW\*(C`TYPE\*(C'\fR stands for the watcher type,
+e.g. \f(CW\*(C`timer\*(C'\fR for \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer\*(C'\fR watchers and \f(CW\*(C`io\*(C'\fR for \f(CW\*(C`ev_io\*(C'\fR watchers.
+.ie n .IP """ev_init"" (ev_TYPE *watcher, callback)" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWev_init\fR (ev_TYPE *watcher, callback)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_init (ev_TYPE *watcher, callback)"
+This macro initialises the generic portion of a watcher. The contents
+of the watcher object can be arbitrary (so \f(CW\*(C`malloc\*(C'\fR will do). Only
+the generic parts of the watcher are initialised, you \fIneed\fR to call
+the type-specific \f(CW\*(C`ev_TYPE_set\*(C'\fR macro afterwards to initialise the
+type-specific parts. For each type there is also a \f(CW\*(C`ev_TYPE_init\*(C'\fR macro
+which rolls both calls into one.
+.Sp
+You can reinitialise a watcher at any time as long as it has been stopped
+(or never started) and there are no pending events outstanding.
+.Sp
+The callback is always of type \f(CW\*(C`void (*)(ev_loop *loop, ev_TYPE *watcher,
+int revents)\*(C'\fR.
+.ie n .IP """ev_TYPE_set"" (ev_TYPE *, [args])" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWev_TYPE_set\fR (ev_TYPE *, [args])" 4
+.IX Item "ev_TYPE_set (ev_TYPE *, [args])"
+This macro initialises the type-specific parts of a watcher. You need to
+call \f(CW\*(C`ev_init\*(C'\fR at least once before you call this macro, but you can
+call \f(CW\*(C`ev_TYPE_set\*(C'\fR any number of times. You must not, however, call this
+macro on a watcher that is active (it can be pending, however, which is a
+difference to the \f(CW\*(C`ev_init\*(C'\fR macro).
+.Sp
+Although some watcher types do not have type-specific arguments
+(e.g. \f(CW\*(C`ev_prepare\*(C'\fR) you still need to call its \f(CW\*(C`set\*(C'\fR macro.
+.ie n .IP """ev_TYPE_init"" (ev_TYPE *watcher, callback, [args])" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWev_TYPE_init\fR (ev_TYPE *watcher, callback, [args])" 4
+.IX Item "ev_TYPE_init (ev_TYPE *watcher, callback, [args])"
+This convinience macro rolls both \f(CW\*(C`ev_init\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`ev_TYPE_set\*(C'\fR macro
+calls into a single call. This is the most convinient method to initialise
+a watcher. The same limitations apply, of course.
+.ie n .IP """ev_TYPE_start"" (loop *, ev_TYPE *watcher)" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWev_TYPE_start\fR (loop *, ev_TYPE *watcher)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_TYPE_start (loop *, ev_TYPE *watcher)"
+Starts (activates) the given watcher. Only active watchers will receive
+events. If the watcher is already active nothing will happen.
+.ie n .IP """ev_TYPE_stop"" (loop *, ev_TYPE *watcher)" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWev_TYPE_stop\fR (loop *, ev_TYPE *watcher)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_TYPE_stop (loop *, ev_TYPE *watcher)"
+Stops the given watcher again (if active) and clears the pending
+status. It is possible that stopped watchers are pending (for example,
+non-repeating timers are being stopped when they become pending), but
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_TYPE_stop\*(C'\fR ensures that the watcher is neither active nor pending. If
+you want to free or reuse the memory used by the watcher it is therefore a
+good idea to always call its \f(CW\*(C`ev_TYPE_stop\*(C'\fR function.
+.IP "bool ev_is_active (ev_TYPE *watcher)" 4
+.IX Item "bool ev_is_active (ev_TYPE *watcher)"
+Returns a true value iff the watcher is active (i.e. it has been started
+and not yet been stopped). As long as a watcher is active you must not modify
+it.
+.IP "bool ev_is_pending (ev_TYPE *watcher)" 4
+.IX Item "bool ev_is_pending (ev_TYPE *watcher)"
+Returns a true value iff the watcher is pending, (i.e. it has outstanding
+events but its callback has not yet been invoked). As long as a watcher
+is pending (but not active) you must not call an init function on it (but
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_TYPE_set\*(C'\fR is safe), you must not change its priority, and you must
+make sure the watcher is available to libev (e.g. you cannot \f(CW\*(C`free ()\*(C'\fR
+it).
+.IP "callback ev_cb (ev_TYPE *watcher)" 4
+.IX Item "callback ev_cb (ev_TYPE *watcher)"
+Returns the callback currently set on the watcher.
+.IP "ev_cb_set (ev_TYPE *watcher, callback)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_cb_set (ev_TYPE *watcher, callback)"
+Change the callback. You can change the callback at virtually any time
+(modulo threads).
+.IP "ev_set_priority (ev_TYPE *watcher, priority)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_set_priority (ev_TYPE *watcher, priority)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "int ev_priority (ev_TYPE *watcher)" 4
+.IX Item "int ev_priority (ev_TYPE *watcher)"
+.PD
+Set and query the priority of the watcher. The priority is a small
+integer between \f(CW\*(C`EV_MAXPRI\*(C'\fR (default: \f(CW2\fR) and \f(CW\*(C`EV_MINPRI\*(C'\fR
+(default: \f(CW\*(C`\-2\*(C'\fR). Pending watchers with higher priority will be invoked
+before watchers with lower priority, but priority will not keep watchers
+from being executed (except for \f(CW\*(C`ev_idle\*(C'\fR watchers).
+.Sp
+This means that priorities are \fIonly\fR used for ordering callback
+invocation after new events have been received. This is useful, for
+example, to reduce latency after idling, or more often, to bind two
+watchers on the same event and make sure one is called first.
+.Sp
+If you need to suppress invocation when higher priority events are pending
+you need to look at \f(CW\*(C`ev_idle\*(C'\fR watchers, which provide this functionality.
+.Sp
+You \fImust not\fR change the priority of a watcher as long as it is active or
+pending.
+.Sp
+The default priority used by watchers when no priority has been set is
+always \f(CW0\fR, which is supposed to not be too high and not be too low :).
+.Sp
+Setting a priority outside the range of \f(CW\*(C`EV_MINPRI\*(C'\fR to \f(CW\*(C`EV_MAXPRI\*(C'\fR is
+fine, as long as you do not mind that the priority value you query might
+or might not have been adjusted to be within valid range.
+.IP "ev_invoke (loop, ev_TYPE *watcher, int revents)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_invoke (loop, ev_TYPE *watcher, int revents)"
+Invoke the \f(CW\*(C`watcher\*(C'\fR with the given \f(CW\*(C`loop\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`revents\*(C'\fR. Neither
+\&\f(CW\*(C`loop\*(C'\fR nor \f(CW\*(C`revents\*(C'\fR need to be valid as long as the watcher callback
+can deal with that fact.
+.IP "int ev_clear_pending (loop, ev_TYPE *watcher)" 4
+.IX Item "int ev_clear_pending (loop, ev_TYPE *watcher)"
+If the watcher is pending, this function returns clears its pending status
+and returns its \f(CW\*(C`revents\*(C'\fR bitset (as if its callback was invoked). If the
+watcher isn't pending it does nothing and returns \f(CW0\fR.
+.Sh "\s-1ASSOCIATING\s0 \s-1CUSTOM\s0 \s-1DATA\s0 \s-1WITH\s0 A \s-1WATCHER\s0"
+.IX Subsection "ASSOCIATING CUSTOM DATA WITH A WATCHER"
+Each watcher has, by default, a member \f(CW\*(C`void *data\*(C'\fR that you can change
+and read at any time, libev will completely ignore it. This can be used
+to associate arbitrary data with your watcher. If you need more data and
+don't want to allocate memory and store a pointer to it in that data
+member, you can also \*(L"subclass\*(R" the watcher type and provide your own
+data:
+.PP
+.Vb 7
+\& struct my_io
+\& {
+\& struct ev_io io;
+\& int otherfd;
+\& void *somedata;
+\& struct whatever *mostinteresting;
+\& }
+.Ve
+.PP
+And since your callback will be called with a pointer to the watcher, you
+can cast it back to your own type:
+.PP
+.Vb 5
+\& static void my_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, struct ev_io *w_, int revents)
+\& {
+\& struct my_io *w = (struct my_io *)w_;
+\& ...
+\& }
+.Ve
+.PP
+More interesting and less C\-conformant ways of casting your callback type
+instead have been omitted.
+.PP
+Another common scenario is having some data structure with multiple
+watchers:
+.PP
+.Vb 6
+\& struct my_biggy
+\& {
+\& int some_data;
+\& ev_timer t1;
+\& ev_timer t2;
+\& }
+.Ve
+.PP
+In this case getting the pointer to \f(CW\*(C`my_biggy\*(C'\fR is a bit more complicated,
+you need to use \f(CW\*(C`offsetof\*(C'\fR:
+.PP
+.Vb 1
+\& #include <stddef.h>
+\&
+\& static void
+\& t1_cb (EV_P_ struct ev_timer *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& struct my_biggy big = (struct my_biggy *
+\& (((char *)w) \- offsetof (struct my_biggy, t1));
+\& }
+\&
+\& static void
+\& t2_cb (EV_P_ struct ev_timer *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& struct my_biggy big = (struct my_biggy *
+\& (((char *)w) \- offsetof (struct my_biggy, t2));
+\& }
+.Ve
+.SH "WATCHER TYPES"
+.IX Header "WATCHER TYPES"
+This section describes each watcher in detail, but will not repeat
+information given in the last section. Any initialisation/set macros,
+functions and members specific to the watcher type are explained.
+.PP
+Members are additionally marked with either \fI[read\-only]\fR, meaning that,
+while the watcher is active, you can look at the member and expect some
+sensible content, but you must not modify it (you can modify it while the
+watcher is stopped to your hearts content), or \fI[read\-write]\fR, which
+means you can expect it to have some sensible content while the watcher
+is active, but you can also modify it. Modifying it may not do something
+sensible or take immediate effect (or do anything at all), but libev will
+not crash or malfunction in any way.
+.ie n .Sh """ev_io"" \- is this file descriptor readable or writable?"
+.el .Sh "\f(CWev_io\fP \- is this file descriptor readable or writable?"
+.IX Subsection "ev_io - is this file descriptor readable or writable?"
+I/O watchers check whether a file descriptor is readable or writable
+in each iteration of the event loop, or, more precisely, when reading
+would not block the process and writing would at least be able to write
+some data. This behaviour is called level-triggering because you keep
+receiving events as long as the condition persists. Remember you can stop
+the watcher if you don't want to act on the event and neither want to
+receive future events.
+.PP
+In general you can register as many read and/or write event watchers per
+fd as you want (as long as you don't confuse yourself). Setting all file
+descriptors to non-blocking mode is also usually a good idea (but not
+required if you know what you are doing).
+.PP
+If you must do this, then force the use of a known-to-be-good backend
+(at the time of this writing, this includes only \f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_SELECT\*(C'\fR and
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_POLL\*(C'\fR).
+.PP
+Another thing you have to watch out for is that it is quite easy to
+receive \*(L"spurious\*(R" readyness notifications, that is your callback might
+be called with \f(CW\*(C`EV_READ\*(C'\fR but a subsequent \f(CW\*(C`read\*(C'\fR(2) will actually block
+because there is no data. Not only are some backends known to create a
+lot of those (for example solaris ports), it is very easy to get into
+this situation even with a relatively standard program structure. Thus
+it is best to always use non-blocking I/O: An extra \f(CW\*(C`read\*(C'\fR(2) returning
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EAGAIN\*(C'\fR is far preferable to a program hanging until some data arrives.
+.PP
+If you cannot run the fd in non-blocking mode (for example you should not
+play around with an Xlib connection), then you have to seperately re-test
+whether a file descriptor is really ready with a known-to-be good interface
+such as poll (fortunately in our Xlib example, Xlib already does this on
+its own, so its quite safe to use).
+.PP
+\fIThe special problem of disappearing file descriptors\fR
+.IX Subsection "The special problem of disappearing file descriptors"
+.PP
+Some backends (e.g. kqueue, epoll) need to be told about closing a file
+descriptor (either by calling \f(CW\*(C`close\*(C'\fR explicitly or by any other means,
+such as \f(CW\*(C`dup\*(C'\fR). The reason is that you register interest in some file
+descriptor, but when it goes away, the operating system will silently drop
+this interest. If another file descriptor with the same number then is
+registered with libev, there is no efficient way to see that this is, in
+fact, a different file descriptor.
+.PP
+To avoid having to explicitly tell libev about such cases, libev follows
+the following policy: Each time \f(CW\*(C`ev_io_set\*(C'\fR is being called, libev
+will assume that this is potentially a new file descriptor, otherwise
+it is assumed that the file descriptor stays the same. That means that
+you \fIhave\fR to call \f(CW\*(C`ev_io_set\*(C'\fR (or \f(CW\*(C`ev_io_init\*(C'\fR) when you change the
+descriptor even if the file descriptor number itself did not change.
+.PP
+This is how one would do it normally anyway, the important point is that
+the libev application should not optimise around libev but should leave
+optimisations to libev.
+.PP
+\fIThe special problem of dup'ed file descriptors\fR
+.IX Subsection "The special problem of dup'ed file descriptors"
+.PP
+Some backends (e.g. epoll), cannot register events for file descriptors,
+but only events for the underlying file descriptions. That means when you
+have \f(CW\*(C`dup ()\*(C'\fR'ed file descriptors or weirder constellations, and register
+events for them, only one file descriptor might actually receive events.
+.PP
+There is no workaround possible except not registering events
+for potentially \f(CW\*(C`dup ()\*(C'\fR'ed file descriptors, or to resort to
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_SELECT\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_POLL\*(C'\fR.
+.PP
+\fIThe special problem of fork\fR
+.IX Subsection "The special problem of fork"
+.PP
+Some backends (epoll, kqueue) do not support \f(CW\*(C`fork ()\*(C'\fR at all or exhibit
+useless behaviour. Libev fully supports fork, but needs to be told about
+it in the child.
+.PP
+To support fork in your programs, you either have to call
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_default_fork ()\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop_fork ()\*(C'\fR after a fork in the child,
+enable \f(CW\*(C`EVFLAG_FORKCHECK\*(C'\fR, or resort to \f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_SELECT\*(C'\fR or
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_POLL\*(C'\fR.
+.PP
+\fIThe special problem of \s-1SIGPIPE\s0\fR
+.IX Subsection "The special problem of SIGPIPE"
+.PP
+While not really specific to libev, it is easy to forget about \s-1SIGPIPE:\s0
+when reading from a pipe whose other end has been closed, your program
+gets send a \s-1SIGPIPE\s0, which, by default, aborts your program. For most
+programs this is sensible behaviour, for daemons, this is usually
+undesirable.
+.PP
+So when you encounter spurious, unexplained daemon exits, make sure you
+ignore \s-1SIGPIPE\s0 (and maybe make sure you log the exit status of your daemon
+somewhere, as that would have given you a big clue).
+.PP
+\fIWatcher-Specific Functions\fR
+.IX Subsection "Watcher-Specific Functions"
+.IP "ev_io_init (ev_io *, callback, int fd, int events)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_io_init (ev_io *, callback, int fd, int events)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "ev_io_set (ev_io *, int fd, int events)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_io_set (ev_io *, int fd, int events)"
+.PD
+Configures an \f(CW\*(C`ev_io\*(C'\fR watcher. The \f(CW\*(C`fd\*(C'\fR is the file descriptor to
+rceeive events for and events is either \f(CW\*(C`EV_READ\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`EV_WRITE\*(C'\fR or
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EV_READ | EV_WRITE\*(C'\fR to receive the given events.
+.IP "int fd [read\-only]" 4
+.IX Item "int fd [read-only]"
+The file descriptor being watched.
+.IP "int events [read\-only]" 4
+.IX Item "int events [read-only]"
+The events being watched.
+.PP
+\fIExamples\fR
+.IX Subsection "Examples"
+.PP
+Example: Call \f(CW\*(C`stdin_readable_cb\*(C'\fR when \s-1STDIN_FILENO\s0 has become, well
+readable, but only once. Since it is likely line-buffered, you could
+attempt to read a whole line in the callback.
+.PP
+.Vb 6
+\& static void
+\& stdin_readable_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, struct ev_io *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& ev_io_stop (loop, w);
+\& .. read from stdin here (or from w\->fd) and haqndle any I/O errors
+\& }
+\&
+\& ...
+\& struct ev_loop *loop = ev_default_init (0);
+\& struct ev_io stdin_readable;
+\& ev_io_init (&stdin_readable, stdin_readable_cb, STDIN_FILENO, EV_READ);
+\& ev_io_start (loop, &stdin_readable);
+\& ev_loop (loop, 0);
+.Ve
+.ie n .Sh """ev_timer"" \- relative and optionally repeating timeouts"
+.el .Sh "\f(CWev_timer\fP \- relative and optionally repeating timeouts"
+.IX Subsection "ev_timer - relative and optionally repeating timeouts"
+Timer watchers are simple relative timers that generate an event after a
+given time, and optionally repeating in regular intervals after that.
+.PP
+The timers are based on real time, that is, if you register an event that
+times out after an hour and you reset your system clock to last years
+time, it will still time out after (roughly) and hour. \*(L"Roughly\*(R" because
+detecting time jumps is hard, and some inaccuracies are unavoidable (the
+monotonic clock option helps a lot here).
+.PP
+The relative timeouts are calculated relative to the \f(CW\*(C`ev_now ()\*(C'\fR
+time. This is usually the right thing as this timestamp refers to the time
+of the event triggering whatever timeout you are modifying/starting. If
+you suspect event processing to be delayed and you \fIneed\fR to base the timeout
+on the current time, use something like this to adjust for this:
+.PP
+.Vb 1
+\& ev_timer_set (&timer, after + ev_now () \- ev_time (), 0.);
+.Ve
+.PP
+The callback is guarenteed to be invoked only when its timeout has passed,
+but if multiple timers become ready during the same loop iteration then
+order of execution is undefined.
+.PP
+\fIWatcher-Specific Functions and Data Members\fR
+.IX Subsection "Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members"
+.IP "ev_timer_init (ev_timer *, callback, ev_tstamp after, ev_tstamp repeat)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_timer_init (ev_timer *, callback, ev_tstamp after, ev_tstamp repeat)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "ev_timer_set (ev_timer *, ev_tstamp after, ev_tstamp repeat)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_timer_set (ev_timer *, ev_tstamp after, ev_tstamp repeat)"
+.PD
+Configure the timer to trigger after \f(CW\*(C`after\*(C'\fR seconds. If \f(CW\*(C`repeat\*(C'\fR is
+\&\f(CW0.\fR, then it will automatically be stopped. If it is positive, then the
+timer will automatically be configured to trigger again \f(CW\*(C`repeat\*(C'\fR seconds
+later, again, and again, until stopped manually.
+.Sp
+The timer itself will do a best-effort at avoiding drift, that is, if you
+configure a timer to trigger every 10 seconds, then it will trigger at
+exactly 10 second intervals. If, however, your program cannot keep up with
+the timer (because it takes longer than those 10 seconds to do stuff) the
+timer will not fire more than once per event loop iteration.
+.IP "ev_timer_again (loop, ev_timer *)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_timer_again (loop, ev_timer *)"
+This will act as if the timer timed out and restart it again if it is
+repeating. The exact semantics are:
+.Sp
+If the timer is pending, its pending status is cleared.
+.Sp
+If the timer is started but nonrepeating, stop it (as if it timed out).
+.Sp
+If the timer is repeating, either start it if necessary (with the
+\&\f(CW\*(C`repeat\*(C'\fR value), or reset the running timer to the \f(CW\*(C`repeat\*(C'\fR value.
+.Sp
+This sounds a bit complicated, but here is a useful and typical
+example: Imagine you have a tcp connection and you want a so-called idle
+timeout, that is, you want to be called when there have been, say, 60
+seconds of inactivity on the socket. The easiest way to do this is to
+configure an \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer\*(C'\fR with a \f(CW\*(C`repeat\*(C'\fR value of \f(CW60\fR and then call
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_timer_again\*(C'\fR each time you successfully read or write some data. If
+you go into an idle state where you do not expect data to travel on the
+socket, you can \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer_stop\*(C'\fR the timer, and \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer_again\*(C'\fR will
+automatically restart it if need be.
+.Sp
+That means you can ignore the \f(CW\*(C`after\*(C'\fR value and \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer_start\*(C'\fR
+altogether and only ever use the \f(CW\*(C`repeat\*(C'\fR value and \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer_again\*(C'\fR:
+.Sp
+.Vb 8
+\& ev_timer_init (timer, callback, 0., 5.);
+\& ev_timer_again (loop, timer);
+\& ...
+\& timer\->again = 17.;
+\& ev_timer_again (loop, timer);
+\& ...
+\& timer\->again = 10.;
+\& ev_timer_again (loop, timer);
+.Ve
+.Sp
+This is more slightly efficient then stopping/starting the timer each time
+you want to modify its timeout value.
+.IP "ev_tstamp repeat [read\-write]" 4
+.IX Item "ev_tstamp repeat [read-write]"
+The current \f(CW\*(C`repeat\*(C'\fR value. Will be used each time the watcher times out
+or \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer_again\*(C'\fR is called and determines the next timeout (if any),
+which is also when any modifications are taken into account.
+.PP
+\fIExamples\fR
+.IX Subsection "Examples"
+.PP
+Example: Create a timer that fires after 60 seconds.
+.PP
+.Vb 5
+\& static void
+\& one_minute_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, struct ev_timer *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& .. one minute over, w is actually stopped right here
+\& }
+\&
+\& struct ev_timer mytimer;
+\& ev_timer_init (&mytimer, one_minute_cb, 60., 0.);
+\& ev_timer_start (loop, &mytimer);
+.Ve
+.PP
+Example: Create a timeout timer that times out after 10 seconds of
+inactivity.
+.PP
+.Vb 5
+\& static void
+\& timeout_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, struct ev_timer *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& .. ten seconds without any activity
+\& }
+\&
+\& struct ev_timer mytimer;
+\& ev_timer_init (&mytimer, timeout_cb, 0., 10.); /* note, only repeat used */
+\& ev_timer_again (&mytimer); /* start timer */
+\& ev_loop (loop, 0);
+\&
+\& // and in some piece of code that gets executed on any "activity":
+\& // reset the timeout to start ticking again at 10 seconds
+\& ev_timer_again (&mytimer);
+.Ve
+.ie n .Sh """ev_periodic"" \- to cron or not to cron?"
+.el .Sh "\f(CWev_periodic\fP \- to cron or not to cron?"
+.IX Subsection "ev_periodic - to cron or not to cron?"
+Periodic watchers are also timers of a kind, but they are very versatile
+(and unfortunately a bit complex).
+.PP
+Unlike \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer\*(C'\fR's, they are not based on real time (or relative time)
+but on wallclock time (absolute time). You can tell a periodic watcher
+to trigger \*(L"at\*(R" some specific point in time. For example, if you tell a
+periodic watcher to trigger in 10 seconds (by specifiying e.g. \f(CW\*(C`ev_now ()
++ 10.\*(C'\fR) and then reset your system clock to the last year, then it will
+take a year to trigger the event (unlike an \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer\*(C'\fR, which would trigger
+roughly 10 seconds later).
+.PP
+They can also be used to implement vastly more complex timers, such as
+triggering an event on each midnight, local time or other, complicated,
+rules.
+.PP
+As with timers, the callback is guarenteed to be invoked only when the
+time (\f(CW\*(C`at\*(C'\fR) has been passed, but if multiple periodic timers become ready
+during the same loop iteration then order of execution is undefined.
+.PP
+\fIWatcher-Specific Functions and Data Members\fR
+.IX Subsection "Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members"
+.IP "ev_periodic_init (ev_periodic *, callback, ev_tstamp at, ev_tstamp interval, reschedule_cb)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_periodic_init (ev_periodic *, callback, ev_tstamp at, ev_tstamp interval, reschedule_cb)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "ev_periodic_set (ev_periodic *, ev_tstamp after, ev_tstamp repeat, reschedule_cb)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_periodic_set (ev_periodic *, ev_tstamp after, ev_tstamp repeat, reschedule_cb)"
+.PD
+Lots of arguments, lets sort it out... There are basically three modes of
+operation, and we will explain them from simplest to complex:
+.RS 4
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+absolute timer (at = time, interval = reschedule_cb = 0)
+.Sp
+In this configuration the watcher triggers an event at the wallclock time
+\&\f(CW\*(C`at\*(C'\fR and doesn't repeat. It will not adjust when a time jump occurs,
+that is, if it is to be run at January 1st 2011 then it will run when the
+system time reaches or surpasses this time.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+repeating interval timer (at = offset, interval > 0, reschedule_cb = 0)
+.Sp
+In this mode the watcher will always be scheduled to time out at the next
+\&\f(CW\*(C`at + N * interval\*(C'\fR time (for some integer N, which can also be negative)
+and then repeat, regardless of any time jumps.
+.Sp
+This can be used to create timers that do not drift with respect to system
+time:
+.Sp
+.Vb 1
+\& ev_periodic_set (&periodic, 0., 3600., 0);
+.Ve
+.Sp
+This doesn't mean there will always be 3600 seconds in between triggers,
+but only that the the callback will be called when the system time shows a
+full hour (\s-1UTC\s0), or more correctly, when the system time is evenly divisible
+by 3600.
+.Sp
+Another way to think about it (for the mathematically inclined) is that
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_periodic\*(C'\fR will try to run the callback in this mode at the next possible
+time where \f(CW\*(C`time = at (mod interval)\*(C'\fR, regardless of any time jumps.
+.Sp
+For numerical stability it is preferable that the \f(CW\*(C`at\*(C'\fR value is near
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_now ()\*(C'\fR (the current time), but there is no range requirement for
+this value.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+manual reschedule mode (at and interval ignored, reschedule_cb = callback)
+.Sp
+In this mode the values for \f(CW\*(C`interval\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`at\*(C'\fR are both being
+ignored. Instead, each time the periodic watcher gets scheduled, the
+reschedule callback will be called with the watcher as first, and the
+current time as second argument.
+.Sp
+\&\s-1NOTE:\s0 \fIThis callback \s-1MUST\s0 \s-1NOT\s0 stop or destroy any periodic watcher,
+ever, or make any event loop modifications\fR. If you need to stop it,
+return \f(CW\*(C`now + 1e30\*(C'\fR (or so, fudge fudge) and stop it afterwards (e.g. by
+starting an \f(CW\*(C`ev_prepare\*(C'\fR watcher, which is legal).
+.Sp
+Its prototype is \f(CW\*(C`ev_tstamp (*reschedule_cb)(struct ev_periodic *w,
+ev_tstamp now)\*(C'\fR, e.g.:
+.Sp
+.Vb 4
+\& static ev_tstamp my_rescheduler (struct ev_periodic *w, ev_tstamp now)
+\& {
+\& return now + 60.;
+\& }
+.Ve
+.Sp
+It must return the next time to trigger, based on the passed time value
+(that is, the lowest time value larger than to the second argument). It
+will usually be called just before the callback will be triggered, but
+might be called at other times, too.
+.Sp
+\&\s-1NOTE:\s0 \fIThis callback must always return a time that is later than the
+passed \f(CI\*(C`now\*(C'\fI value\fR. Not even \f(CW\*(C`now\*(C'\fR itself will do, it \fImust\fR be larger.
+.Sp
+This can be used to create very complex timers, such as a timer that
+triggers on each midnight, local time. To do this, you would calculate the
+next midnight after \f(CW\*(C`now\*(C'\fR and return the timestamp value for this. How
+you do this is, again, up to you (but it is not trivial, which is the main
+reason I omitted it as an example).
+.RE
+.RS 4
+.RE
+.IP "ev_periodic_again (loop, ev_periodic *)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_periodic_again (loop, ev_periodic *)"
+Simply stops and restarts the periodic watcher again. This is only useful
+when you changed some parameters or the reschedule callback would return
+a different time than the last time it was called (e.g. in a crond like
+program when the crontabs have changed).
+.IP "ev_tstamp ev_periodic_at (ev_periodic *)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_tstamp ev_periodic_at (ev_periodic *)"
+When active, returns the absolute time that the watcher is supposed to
+trigger next.
+.IP "ev_tstamp offset [read\-write]" 4
+.IX Item "ev_tstamp offset [read-write]"
+When repeating, this contains the offset value, otherwise this is the
+absolute point in time (the \f(CW\*(C`at\*(C'\fR value passed to \f(CW\*(C`ev_periodic_set\*(C'\fR).
+.Sp
+Can be modified any time, but changes only take effect when the periodic
+timer fires or \f(CW\*(C`ev_periodic_again\*(C'\fR is being called.
+.IP "ev_tstamp interval [read\-write]" 4
+.IX Item "ev_tstamp interval [read-write]"
+The current interval value. Can be modified any time, but changes only
+take effect when the periodic timer fires or \f(CW\*(C`ev_periodic_again\*(C'\fR is being
+called.
+.IP "ev_tstamp (*reschedule_cb)(struct ev_periodic *w, ev_tstamp now) [read\-write]" 4
+.IX Item "ev_tstamp (*reschedule_cb)(struct ev_periodic *w, ev_tstamp now) [read-write]"
+The current reschedule callback, or \f(CW0\fR, if this functionality is
+switched off. Can be changed any time, but changes only take effect when
+the periodic timer fires or \f(CW\*(C`ev_periodic_again\*(C'\fR is being called.
+.PP
+\fIExamples\fR
+.IX Subsection "Examples"
+.PP
+Example: Call a callback every hour, or, more precisely, whenever the
+system clock is divisible by 3600. The callback invocation times have
+potentially a lot of jittering, but good long-term stability.
+.PP
+.Vb 5
+\& static void
+\& clock_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, struct ev_io *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& ... its now a full hour (UTC, or TAI or whatever your clock follows)
+\& }
+\&
+\& struct ev_periodic hourly_tick;
+\& ev_periodic_init (&hourly_tick, clock_cb, 0., 3600., 0);
+\& ev_periodic_start (loop, &hourly_tick);
+.Ve
+.PP
+Example: The same as above, but use a reschedule callback to do it:
+.PP
+.Vb 1
+\& #include <math.h>
+\&
+\& static ev_tstamp
+\& my_scheduler_cb (struct ev_periodic *w, ev_tstamp now)
+\& {
+\& return fmod (now, 3600.) + 3600.;
+\& }
+\&
+\& ev_periodic_init (&hourly_tick, clock_cb, 0., 0., my_scheduler_cb);
+.Ve
+.PP
+Example: Call a callback every hour, starting now:
+.PP
+.Vb 4
+\& struct ev_periodic hourly_tick;
+\& ev_periodic_init (&hourly_tick, clock_cb,
+\& fmod (ev_now (loop), 3600.), 3600., 0);
+\& ev_periodic_start (loop, &hourly_tick);
+.Ve
+.ie n .Sh """ev_signal"" \- signal me when a signal gets signalled!"
+.el .Sh "\f(CWev_signal\fP \- signal me when a signal gets signalled!"
+.IX Subsection "ev_signal - signal me when a signal gets signalled!"
+Signal watchers will trigger an event when the process receives a specific
+signal one or more times. Even though signals are very asynchronous, libev
+will try it's best to deliver signals synchronously, i.e. as part of the
+normal event processing, like any other event.
+.PP
+You can configure as many watchers as you like per signal. Only when the
+first watcher gets started will libev actually register a signal watcher
+with the kernel (thus it coexists with your own signal handlers as long
+as you don't register any with libev). Similarly, when the last signal
+watcher for a signal is stopped libev will reset the signal handler to
+\&\s-1SIG_DFL\s0 (regardless of what it was set to before).
+.PP
+If possible and supported, libev will install its handlers with
+\&\f(CW\*(C`SA_RESTART\*(C'\fR behaviour enabled, so syscalls should not be unduly
+interrupted. If you have a problem with syscalls getting interrupted by
+signals you can block all signals in an \f(CW\*(C`ev_check\*(C'\fR watcher and unblock
+them in an \f(CW\*(C`ev_prepare\*(C'\fR watcher.
+.PP
+\fIWatcher-Specific Functions and Data Members\fR
+.IX Subsection "Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members"
+.IP "ev_signal_init (ev_signal *, callback, int signum)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_signal_init (ev_signal *, callback, int signum)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "ev_signal_set (ev_signal *, int signum)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_signal_set (ev_signal *, int signum)"
+.PD
+Configures the watcher to trigger on the given signal number (usually one
+of the \f(CW\*(C`SIGxxx\*(C'\fR constants).
+.IP "int signum [read\-only]" 4
+.IX Item "int signum [read-only]"
+The signal the watcher watches out for.
+.PP
+\fIExamples\fR
+.IX Subsection "Examples"
+.PP
+Example: Try to exit cleanly on \s-1SIGINT\s0 and \s-1SIGTERM\s0.
+.PP
+.Vb 5
+\& static void
+\& sigint_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, struct ev_signal *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& ev_unloop (loop, EVUNLOOP_ALL);
+\& }
+\&
+\& struct ev_signal signal_watcher;
+\& ev_signal_init (&signal_watcher, sigint_cb, SIGINT);
+\& ev_signal_start (loop, &sigint_cb);
+.Ve
+.ie n .Sh """ev_child"" \- watch out for process status changes"
+.el .Sh "\f(CWev_child\fP \- watch out for process status changes"
+.IX Subsection "ev_child - watch out for process status changes"
+Child watchers trigger when your process receives a \s-1SIGCHLD\s0 in response to
+some child status changes (most typically when a child of yours dies). It
+is permissible to install a child watcher \fIafter\fR the child has been
+forked (which implies it might have already exited), as long as the event
+loop isn't entered (or is continued from a watcher).
+.PP
+Only the default event loop is capable of handling signals, and therefore
+you can only rgeister child watchers in the default event loop.
+.PP
+\fIProcess Interaction\fR
+.IX Subsection "Process Interaction"
+.PP
+Libev grabs \f(CW\*(C`SIGCHLD\*(C'\fR as soon as the default event loop is
+initialised. This is necessary to guarantee proper behaviour even if
+the first child watcher is started after the child exits. The occurance
+of \f(CW\*(C`SIGCHLD\*(C'\fR is recorded asynchronously, but child reaping is done
+synchronously as part of the event loop processing. Libev always reaps all
+children, even ones not watched.
+.PP
+\fIOverriding the Built-In Processing\fR
+.IX Subsection "Overriding the Built-In Processing"
+.PP
+Libev offers no special support for overriding the built-in child
+processing, but if your application collides with libev's default child
+handler, you can override it easily by installing your own handler for
+\&\f(CW\*(C`SIGCHLD\*(C'\fR after initialising the default loop, and making sure the
+default loop never gets destroyed. You are encouraged, however, to use an
+event-based approach to child reaping and thus use libev's support for
+that, so other libev users can use \f(CW\*(C`ev_child\*(C'\fR watchers freely.
+.PP
+\fIWatcher-Specific Functions and Data Members\fR
+.IX Subsection "Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members"
+.IP "ev_child_init (ev_child *, callback, int pid, int trace)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_child_init (ev_child *, callback, int pid, int trace)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "ev_child_set (ev_child *, int pid, int trace)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_child_set (ev_child *, int pid, int trace)"
+.PD
+Configures the watcher to wait for status changes of process \f(CW\*(C`pid\*(C'\fR (or
+\&\fIany\fR process if \f(CW\*(C`pid\*(C'\fR is specified as \f(CW0\fR). The callback can look
+at the \f(CW\*(C`rstatus\*(C'\fR member of the \f(CW\*(C`ev_child\*(C'\fR watcher structure to see
+the status word (use the macros from \f(CW\*(C`sys/wait.h\*(C'\fR and see your systems
+\&\f(CW\*(C`waitpid\*(C'\fR documentation). The \f(CW\*(C`rpid\*(C'\fR member contains the pid of the
+process causing the status change. \f(CW\*(C`trace\*(C'\fR must be either \f(CW0\fR (only
+activate the watcher when the process terminates) or \f(CW1\fR (additionally
+activate the watcher when the process is stopped or continued).
+.IP "int pid [read\-only]" 4
+.IX Item "int pid [read-only]"
+The process id this watcher watches out for, or \f(CW0\fR, meaning any process id.
+.IP "int rpid [read\-write]" 4
+.IX Item "int rpid [read-write]"
+The process id that detected a status change.
+.IP "int rstatus [read\-write]" 4
+.IX Item "int rstatus [read-write]"
+The process exit/trace status caused by \f(CW\*(C`rpid\*(C'\fR (see your systems
+\&\f(CW\*(C`waitpid\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`sys/wait.h\*(C'\fR documentation for details).
+.PP
+\fIExamples\fR
+.IX Subsection "Examples"
+.PP
+Example: \f(CW\*(C`fork()\*(C'\fR a new process and install a child handler to wait for
+its completion.
+.PP
+.Vb 1
+\& ev_child cw;
+\&
+\& static void
+\& child_cb (EV_P_ struct ev_child *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& ev_child_stop (EV_A_ w);
+\& printf ("process %d exited with status %x\en", w\->rpid, w\->rstatus);
+\& }
+\&
+\& pid_t pid = fork ();
+\&
+\& if (pid < 0)
+\& // error
+\& else if (pid == 0)
+\& {
+\& // the forked child executes here
+\& exit (1);
+\& }
+\& else
+\& {
+\& ev_child_init (&cw, child_cb, pid, 0);
+\& ev_child_start (EV_DEFAULT_ &cw);
+\& }
+.Ve
+.ie n .Sh """ev_stat"" \- did the file attributes just change?"
+.el .Sh "\f(CWev_stat\fP \- did the file attributes just change?"
+.IX Subsection "ev_stat - did the file attributes just change?"
+This watches a filesystem path for attribute changes. That is, it calls
+\&\f(CW\*(C`stat\*(C'\fR regularly (or when the \s-1OS\s0 says it changed) and sees if it changed
+compared to the last time, invoking the callback if it did.
+.PP
+The path does not need to exist: changing from \*(L"path exists\*(R" to \*(L"path does
+not exist\*(R" is a status change like any other. The condition \*(L"path does
+not exist\*(R" is signified by the \f(CW\*(C`st_nlink\*(C'\fR field being zero (which is
+otherwise always forced to be at least one) and all the other fields of
+the stat buffer having unspecified contents.
+.PP
+The path \fIshould\fR be absolute and \fImust not\fR end in a slash. If it is
+relative and your working directory changes, the behaviour is undefined.
+.PP
+Since there is no standard to do this, the portable implementation simply
+calls \f(CW\*(C`stat (2)\*(C'\fR regularly on the path to see if it changed somehow. You
+can specify a recommended polling interval for this case. If you specify
+a polling interval of \f(CW0\fR (highly recommended!) then a \fIsuitable,
+unspecified default\fR value will be used (which you can expect to be around
+five seconds, although this might change dynamically). Libev will also
+impose a minimum interval which is currently around \f(CW0.1\fR, but thats
+usually overkill.
+.PP
+This watcher type is not meant for massive numbers of stat watchers,
+as even with OS-supported change notifications, this can be
+resource-intensive.
+.PP
+At the time of this writing, only the Linux inotify interface is
+implemented (implementing kqueue support is left as an exercise for the
+reader, note, however, that the author sees no way of implementing ev_stat
+semantics with kqueue). Inotify will be used to give hints only and should
+not change the semantics of \f(CW\*(C`ev_stat\*(C'\fR watchers, which means that libev
+sometimes needs to fall back to regular polling again even with inotify,
+but changes are usually detected immediately, and if the file exists there
+will be no polling.
+.PP
+\fI\s-1ABI\s0 Issues (Largefile Support)\fR
+.IX Subsection "ABI Issues (Largefile Support)"
+.PP
+Libev by default (unless the user overrides this) uses the default
+compilation environment, which means that on systems with optionally
+disabled large file support, you get the 32 bit version of the stat
+structure. When using the library from programs that change the \s-1ABI\s0 to
+use 64 bit file offsets the programs will fail. In that case you have to
+compile libev with the same flags to get binary compatibility. This is
+obviously the case with any flags that change the \s-1ABI\s0, but the problem is
+most noticably with ev_stat and largefile support.
+.PP
+\fIInotify\fR
+.IX Subsection "Inotify"
+.PP
+When \f(CW\*(C`inotify (7)\*(C'\fR support has been compiled into libev (generally only
+available on Linux) and present at runtime, it will be used to speed up
+change detection where possible. The inotify descriptor will be created lazily
+when the first \f(CW\*(C`ev_stat\*(C'\fR watcher is being started.
+.PP
+Inotify presence does not change the semantics of \f(CW\*(C`ev_stat\*(C'\fR watchers
+except that changes might be detected earlier, and in some cases, to avoid
+making regular \f(CW\*(C`stat\*(C'\fR calls. Even in the presence of inotify support
+there are many cases where libev has to resort to regular \f(CW\*(C`stat\*(C'\fR polling.
+.PP
+(There is no support for kqueue, as apparently it cannot be used to
+implement this functionality, due to the requirement of having a file
+descriptor open on the object at all times).
+.PP
+\fIThe special problem of stat time resolution\fR
+.IX Subsection "The special problem of stat time resolution"
+.PP
+The \f(CW\*(C`stat ()\*(C'\fR syscall only supports full-second resolution portably, and
+even on systems where the resolution is higher, many filesystems still
+only support whole seconds.
+.PP
+That means that, if the time is the only thing that changes, you can
+easily miss updates: on the first update, \f(CW\*(C`ev_stat\*(C'\fR detects a change and
+calls your callback, which does something. When there is another update
+within the same second, \f(CW\*(C`ev_stat\*(C'\fR will be unable to detect it as the stat
+data does not change.
+.PP
+The solution to this is to delay acting on a change for slightly more
+than second (or till slightly after the next full second boundary), using
+a roughly one-second-delay \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer\*(C'\fR (e.g. \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer_set (w, 0., 1.02);
+ev_timer_again (loop, w)\*(C'\fR).
+.PP
+The \f(CW.02\fR offset is added to work around small timing inconsistencies
+of some operating systems (where the second counter of the current time
+might be be delayed. One such system is the Linux kernel, where a call to
+\&\f(CW\*(C`gettimeofday\*(C'\fR might return a timestamp with a full second later than
+a subsequent \f(CW\*(C`time\*(C'\fR call \- if the equivalent of \f(CW\*(C`time ()\*(C'\fR is used to
+update file times then there will be a small window where the kernel uses
+the previous second to update file times but libev might already execute
+the timer callback).
+.PP
+\fIWatcher-Specific Functions and Data Members\fR
+.IX Subsection "Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members"
+.IP "ev_stat_init (ev_stat *, callback, const char *path, ev_tstamp interval)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_stat_init (ev_stat *, callback, const char *path, ev_tstamp interval)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "ev_stat_set (ev_stat *, const char *path, ev_tstamp interval)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_stat_set (ev_stat *, const char *path, ev_tstamp interval)"
+.PD
+Configures the watcher to wait for status changes of the given
+\&\f(CW\*(C`path\*(C'\fR. The \f(CW\*(C`interval\*(C'\fR is a hint on how quickly a change is expected to
+be detected and should normally be specified as \f(CW0\fR to let libev choose
+a suitable value. The memory pointed to by \f(CW\*(C`path\*(C'\fR must point to the same
+path for as long as the watcher is active.
+.Sp
+The callback will receive \f(CW\*(C`EV_STAT\*(C'\fR when a change was detected, relative
+to the attributes at the time the watcher was started (or the last change
+was detected).
+.IP "ev_stat_stat (loop, ev_stat *)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_stat_stat (loop, ev_stat *)"
+Updates the stat buffer immediately with new values. If you change the
+watched path in your callback, you could call this function to avoid
+detecting this change (while introducing a race condition if you are not
+the only one changing the path). Can also be useful simply to find out the
+new values.
+.IP "ev_statdata attr [read\-only]" 4
+.IX Item "ev_statdata attr [read-only]"
+The most-recently detected attributes of the file. Although the type is
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_statdata\*(C'\fR, this is usually the (or one of the) \f(CW\*(C`struct stat\*(C'\fR types
+suitable for your system, but you can only rely on the POSIX-standardised
+members to be present. If the \f(CW\*(C`st_nlink\*(C'\fR member is \f(CW0\fR, then there was
+some error while \f(CW\*(C`stat\*(C'\fRing the file.
+.IP "ev_statdata prev [read\-only]" 4
+.IX Item "ev_statdata prev [read-only]"
+The previous attributes of the file. The callback gets invoked whenever
+\&\f(CW\*(C`prev\*(C'\fR != \f(CW\*(C`attr\*(C'\fR, or, more precisely, one or more of these members
+differ: \f(CW\*(C`st_dev\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`st_ino\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`st_mode\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`st_nlink\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`st_uid\*(C'\fR,
+\&\f(CW\*(C`st_gid\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`st_rdev\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`st_size\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`st_atime\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`st_mtime\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`st_ctime\*(C'\fR.
+.IP "ev_tstamp interval [read\-only]" 4
+.IX Item "ev_tstamp interval [read-only]"
+The specified interval.
+.IP "const char *path [read\-only]" 4
+.IX Item "const char *path [read-only]"
+The filesystem path that is being watched.
+.PP
+\fIExamples\fR
+.IX Subsection "Examples"
+.PP
+Example: Watch \f(CW\*(C`/etc/passwd\*(C'\fR for attribute changes.
+.PP
+.Vb 10
+\& static void
+\& passwd_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, ev_stat *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& /* /etc/passwd changed in some way */
+\& if (w\->attr.st_nlink)
+\& {
+\& printf ("passwd current size %ld\en", (long)w\->attr.st_size);
+\& printf ("passwd current atime %ld\en", (long)w\->attr.st_mtime);
+\& printf ("passwd current mtime %ld\en", (long)w\->attr.st_mtime);
+\& }
+\& else
+\& /* you shalt not abuse printf for puts */
+\& puts ("wow, /etc/passwd is not there, expect problems. "
+\& "if this is windows, they already arrived\en");
+\& }
+\&
+\& ...
+\& ev_stat passwd;
+\&
+\& ev_stat_init (&passwd, passwd_cb, "/etc/passwd", 0.);
+\& ev_stat_start (loop, &passwd);
+.Ve
+.PP
+Example: Like above, but additionally use a one-second delay so we do not
+miss updates (however, frequent updates will delay processing, too, so
+one might do the work both on \f(CW\*(C`ev_stat\*(C'\fR callback invocation \fIand\fR on
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_timer\*(C'\fR callback invocation).
+.PP
+.Vb 2
+\& static ev_stat passwd;
+\& static ev_timer timer;
+\&
+\& static void
+\& timer_cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& ev_timer_stop (EV_A_ w);
+\&
+\& /* now it\*(Aqs one second after the most recent passwd change */
+\& }
+\&
+\& static void
+\& stat_cb (EV_P_ ev_stat *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& /* reset the one\-second timer */
+\& ev_timer_again (EV_A_ &timer);
+\& }
+\&
+\& ...
+\& ev_stat_init (&passwd, stat_cb, "/etc/passwd", 0.);
+\& ev_stat_start (loop, &passwd);
+\& ev_timer_init (&timer, timer_cb, 0., 1.02);
+.Ve
+.ie n .Sh """ev_idle"" \- when you've got nothing better to do..."
+.el .Sh "\f(CWev_idle\fP \- when you've got nothing better to do..."
+.IX Subsection "ev_idle - when you've got nothing better to do..."
+Idle watchers trigger events when no other events of the same or higher
+priority are pending (prepare, check and other idle watchers do not
+count).
+.PP
+That is, as long as your process is busy handling sockets or timeouts
+(or even signals, imagine) of the same or higher priority it will not be
+triggered. But when your process is idle (or only lower-priority watchers
+are pending), the idle watchers are being called once per event loop
+iteration \- until stopped, that is, or your process receives more events
+and becomes busy again with higher priority stuff.
+.PP
+The most noteworthy effect is that as long as any idle watchers are
+active, the process will not block when waiting for new events.
+.PP
+Apart from keeping your process non-blocking (which is a useful
+effect on its own sometimes), idle watchers are a good place to do
+\&\*(L"pseudo-background processing\*(R", or delay processing stuff to after the
+event loop has handled all outstanding events.
+.PP
+\fIWatcher-Specific Functions and Data Members\fR
+.IX Subsection "Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members"
+.IP "ev_idle_init (ev_signal *, callback)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_idle_init (ev_signal *, callback)"
+Initialises and configures the idle watcher \- it has no parameters of any
+kind. There is a \f(CW\*(C`ev_idle_set\*(C'\fR macro, but using it is utterly pointless,
+believe me.
+.PP
+\fIExamples\fR
+.IX Subsection "Examples"
+.PP
+Example: Dynamically allocate an \f(CW\*(C`ev_idle\*(C'\fR watcher, start it, and in the
+callback, free it. Also, use no error checking, as usual.
+.PP
+.Vb 7
+\& static void
+\& idle_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, struct ev_idle *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& free (w);
+\& // now do something you wanted to do when the program has
+\& // no longer anything immediate to do.
+\& }
+\&
+\& struct ev_idle *idle_watcher = malloc (sizeof (struct ev_idle));
+\& ev_idle_init (idle_watcher, idle_cb);
+\& ev_idle_start (loop, idle_cb);
+.Ve
+.ie n .Sh """ev_prepare""\fP and \f(CW""ev_check"" \- customise your event loop!"
+.el .Sh "\f(CWev_prepare\fP and \f(CWev_check\fP \- customise your event loop!"
+.IX Subsection "ev_prepare and ev_check - customise your event loop!"
+Prepare and check watchers are usually (but not always) used in tandem:
+prepare watchers get invoked before the process blocks and check watchers
+afterwards.
+.PP
+You \fImust not\fR call \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR or similar functions that enter
+the current event loop from either \f(CW\*(C`ev_prepare\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`ev_check\*(C'\fR
+watchers. Other loops than the current one are fine, however. The
+rationale behind this is that you do not need to check for recursion in
+those watchers, i.e. the sequence will always be \f(CW\*(C`ev_prepare\*(C'\fR, blocking,
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_check\*(C'\fR so if you have one watcher of each kind they will always be
+called in pairs bracketing the blocking call.
+.PP
+Their main purpose is to integrate other event mechanisms into libev and
+their use is somewhat advanced. This could be used, for example, to track
+variable changes, implement your own watchers, integrate net-snmp or a
+coroutine library and lots more. They are also occasionally useful if
+you cache some data and want to flush it before blocking (for example,
+in X programs you might want to do an \f(CW\*(C`XFlush ()\*(C'\fR in an \f(CW\*(C`ev_prepare\*(C'\fR
+watcher).
+.PP
+This is done by examining in each prepare call which file descriptors need
+to be watched by the other library, registering \f(CW\*(C`ev_io\*(C'\fR watchers for
+them and starting an \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer\*(C'\fR watcher for any timeouts (many libraries
+provide just this functionality). Then, in the check watcher you check for
+any events that occured (by checking the pending status of all watchers
+and stopping them) and call back into the library. The I/O and timer
+callbacks will never actually be called (but must be valid nevertheless,
+because you never know, you know?).
+.PP
+As another example, the Perl Coro module uses these hooks to integrate
+coroutines into libev programs, by yielding to other active coroutines
+during each prepare and only letting the process block if no coroutines
+are ready to run (it's actually more complicated: it only runs coroutines
+with priority higher than or equal to the event loop and one coroutine
+of lower priority, but only once, using idle watchers to keep the event
+loop from blocking if lower-priority coroutines are active, thus mapping
+low-priority coroutines to idle/background tasks).
+.PP
+It is recommended to give \f(CW\*(C`ev_check\*(C'\fR watchers highest (\f(CW\*(C`EV_MAXPRI\*(C'\fR)
+priority, to ensure that they are being run before any other watchers
+after the poll. Also, \f(CW\*(C`ev_check\*(C'\fR watchers (and \f(CW\*(C`ev_prepare\*(C'\fR watchers,
+too) should not activate (\*(L"feed\*(R") events into libev. While libev fully
+supports this, they might get executed before other \f(CW\*(C`ev_check\*(C'\fR watchers
+did their job. As \f(CW\*(C`ev_check\*(C'\fR watchers are often used to embed other
+(non-libev) event loops those other event loops might be in an unusable
+state until their \f(CW\*(C`ev_check\*(C'\fR watcher ran (always remind yourself to
+coexist peacefully with others).
+.PP
+\fIWatcher-Specific Functions and Data Members\fR
+.IX Subsection "Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members"
+.IP "ev_prepare_init (ev_prepare *, callback)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_prepare_init (ev_prepare *, callback)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "ev_check_init (ev_check *, callback)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_check_init (ev_check *, callback)"
+.PD
+Initialises and configures the prepare or check watcher \- they have no
+parameters of any kind. There are \f(CW\*(C`ev_prepare_set\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`ev_check_set\*(C'\fR
+macros, but using them is utterly, utterly and completely pointless.
+.PP
+\fIExamples\fR
+.IX Subsection "Examples"
+.PP
+There are a number of principal ways to embed other event loops or modules
+into libev. Here are some ideas on how to include libadns into libev
+(there is a Perl module named \f(CW\*(C`EV::ADNS\*(C'\fR that does this, which you could
+use as a working example. Another Perl module named \f(CW\*(C`EV::Glib\*(C'\fR embeds a
+Glib main context into libev, and finally, \f(CW\*(C`Glib::EV\*(C'\fR embeds \s-1EV\s0 into the
+Glib event loop).
+.PP
+Method 1: Add \s-1IO\s0 watchers and a timeout watcher in a prepare handler,
+and in a check watcher, destroy them and call into libadns. What follows
+is pseudo-code only of course. This requires you to either use a low
+priority for the check watcher or use \f(CW\*(C`ev_clear_pending\*(C'\fR explicitly, as
+the callbacks for the IO/timeout watchers might not have been called yet.
+.PP
+.Vb 2
+\& static ev_io iow [nfd];
+\& static ev_timer tw;
+\&
+\& static void
+\& io_cb (ev_loop *loop, ev_io *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& }
+\&
+\& // create io watchers for each fd and a timer before blocking
+\& static void
+\& adns_prepare_cb (ev_loop *loop, ev_prepare *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& int timeout = 3600000;
+\& struct pollfd fds [nfd];
+\& // actual code will need to loop here and realloc etc.
+\& adns_beforepoll (ads, fds, &nfd, &timeout, timeval_from (ev_time ()));
+\&
+\& /* the callback is illegal, but won\*(Aqt be called as we stop during check */
+\& ev_timer_init (&tw, 0, timeout * 1e\-3);
+\& ev_timer_start (loop, &tw);
+\&
+\& // create one ev_io per pollfd
+\& for (int i = 0; i < nfd; ++i)
+\& {
+\& ev_io_init (iow + i, io_cb, fds [i].fd,
+\& ((fds [i].events & POLLIN ? EV_READ : 0)
+\& | (fds [i].events & POLLOUT ? EV_WRITE : 0)));
+\&
+\& fds [i].revents = 0;
+\& ev_io_start (loop, iow + i);
+\& }
+\& }
+\&
+\& // stop all watchers after blocking
+\& static void
+\& adns_check_cb (ev_loop *loop, ev_check *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& ev_timer_stop (loop, &tw);
+\&
+\& for (int i = 0; i < nfd; ++i)
+\& {
+\& // set the relevant poll flags
+\& // could also call adns_processreadable etc. here
+\& struct pollfd *fd = fds + i;
+\& int revents = ev_clear_pending (iow + i);
+\& if (revents & EV_READ ) fd\->revents |= fd\->events & POLLIN;
+\& if (revents & EV_WRITE) fd\->revents |= fd\->events & POLLOUT;
+\&
+\& // now stop the watcher
+\& ev_io_stop (loop, iow + i);
+\& }
+\&
+\& adns_afterpoll (adns, fds, nfd, timeval_from (ev_now (loop));
+\& }
+.Ve
+.PP
+Method 2: This would be just like method 1, but you run \f(CW\*(C`adns_afterpoll\*(C'\fR
+in the prepare watcher and would dispose of the check watcher.
+.PP
+Method 3: If the module to be embedded supports explicit event
+notification (adns does), you can also make use of the actual watcher
+callbacks, and only destroy/create the watchers in the prepare watcher.
+.PP
+.Vb 5
+\& static void
+\& timer_cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& adns_state ads = (adns_state)w\->data;
+\& update_now (EV_A);
+\&
+\& adns_processtimeouts (ads, &tv_now);
+\& }
+\&
+\& static void
+\& io_cb (EV_P_ ev_io *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& adns_state ads = (adns_state)w\->data;
+\& update_now (EV_A);
+\&
+\& if (revents & EV_READ ) adns_processreadable (ads, w\->fd, &tv_now);
+\& if (revents & EV_WRITE) adns_processwriteable (ads, w\->fd, &tv_now);
+\& }
+\&
+\& // do not ever call adns_afterpoll
+.Ve
+.PP
+Method 4: Do not use a prepare or check watcher because the module you
+want to embed is too inflexible to support it. Instead, youc na override
+their poll function. The drawback with this solution is that the main
+loop is now no longer controllable by \s-1EV\s0. The \f(CW\*(C`Glib::EV\*(C'\fR module does
+this.
+.PP
+.Vb 4
+\& static gint
+\& event_poll_func (GPollFD *fds, guint nfds, gint timeout)
+\& {
+\& int got_events = 0;
+\&
+\& for (n = 0; n < nfds; ++n)
+\& // create/start io watcher that sets the relevant bits in fds[n] and increment got_events
+\&
+\& if (timeout >= 0)
+\& // create/start timer
+\&
+\& // poll
+\& ev_loop (EV_A_ 0);
+\&
+\& // stop timer again
+\& if (timeout >= 0)
+\& ev_timer_stop (EV_A_ &to);
+\&
+\& // stop io watchers again \- their callbacks should have set
+\& for (n = 0; n < nfds; ++n)
+\& ev_io_stop (EV_A_ iow [n]);
+\&
+\& return got_events;
+\& }
+.Ve
+.ie n .Sh """ev_embed"" \- when one backend isn't enough..."
+.el .Sh "\f(CWev_embed\fP \- when one backend isn't enough..."
+.IX Subsection "ev_embed - when one backend isn't enough..."
+This is a rather advanced watcher type that lets you embed one event loop
+into another (currently only \f(CW\*(C`ev_io\*(C'\fR events are supported in the embedded
+loop, other types of watchers might be handled in a delayed or incorrect
+fashion and must not be used).
+.PP
+There are primarily two reasons you would want that: work around bugs and
+prioritise I/O.
+.PP
+As an example for a bug workaround, the kqueue backend might only support
+sockets on some platform, so it is unusable as generic backend, but you
+still want to make use of it because you have many sockets and it scales
+so nicely. In this case, you would create a kqueue-based loop and embed it
+into your default loop (which might use e.g. poll). Overall operation will
+be a bit slower because first libev has to poll and then call kevent, but
+at least you can use both at what they are best.
+.PP
+As for prioritising I/O: rarely you have the case where some fds have
+to be watched and handled very quickly (with low latency), and even
+priorities and idle watchers might have too much overhead. In this case
+you would put all the high priority stuff in one loop and all the rest in
+a second one, and embed the second one in the first.
+.PP
+As long as the watcher is active, the callback will be invoked every time
+there might be events pending in the embedded loop. The callback must then
+call \f(CW\*(C`ev_embed_sweep (mainloop, watcher)\*(C'\fR to make a single sweep and invoke
+their callbacks (you could also start an idle watcher to give the embedded
+loop strictly lower priority for example). You can also set the callback
+to \f(CW0\fR, in which case the embed watcher will automatically execute the
+embedded loop sweep.
+.PP
+As long as the watcher is started it will automatically handle events. The
+callback will be invoked whenever some events have been handled. You can
+set the callback to \f(CW0\fR to avoid having to specify one if you are not
+interested in that.
+.PP
+Also, there have not currently been made special provisions for forking:
+when you fork, you not only have to call \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop_fork\*(C'\fR on both loops,
+but you will also have to stop and restart any \f(CW\*(C`ev_embed\*(C'\fR watchers
+yourself.
+.PP
+Unfortunately, not all backends are embeddable, only the ones returned by
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_embeddable_backends\*(C'\fR are, which, unfortunately, does not include any
+portable one.
+.PP
+So when you want to use this feature you will always have to be prepared
+that you cannot get an embeddable loop. The recommended way to get around
+this is to have a separate variables for your embeddable loop, try to
+create it, and if that fails, use the normal loop for everything.
+.PP
+\fIWatcher-Specific Functions and Data Members\fR
+.IX Subsection "Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members"
+.IP "ev_embed_init (ev_embed *, callback, struct ev_loop *embedded_loop)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_embed_init (ev_embed *, callback, struct ev_loop *embedded_loop)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "ev_embed_set (ev_embed *, callback, struct ev_loop *embedded_loop)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_embed_set (ev_embed *, callback, struct ev_loop *embedded_loop)"
+.PD
+Configures the watcher to embed the given loop, which must be
+embeddable. If the callback is \f(CW0\fR, then \f(CW\*(C`ev_embed_sweep\*(C'\fR will be
+invoked automatically, otherwise it is the responsibility of the callback
+to invoke it (it will continue to be called until the sweep has been done,
+if you do not want thta, you need to temporarily stop the embed watcher).
+.IP "ev_embed_sweep (loop, ev_embed *)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_embed_sweep (loop, ev_embed *)"
+Make a single, non-blocking sweep over the embedded loop. This works
+similarly to \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop (embedded_loop, EVLOOP_NONBLOCK)\*(C'\fR, but in the most
+apropriate way for embedded loops.
+.IP "struct ev_loop *other [read\-only]" 4
+.IX Item "struct ev_loop *other [read-only]"
+The embedded event loop.
+.PP
+\fIExamples\fR
+.IX Subsection "Examples"
+.PP
+Example: Try to get an embeddable event loop and embed it into the default
+event loop. If that is not possible, use the default loop. The default
+loop is stored in \f(CW\*(C`loop_hi\*(C'\fR, while the mebeddable loop is stored in
+\&\f(CW\*(C`loop_lo\*(C'\fR (which is \f(CW\*(C`loop_hi\*(C'\fR in the acse no embeddable loop can be
+used).
+.PP
+.Vb 3
+\& struct ev_loop *loop_hi = ev_default_init (0);
+\& struct ev_loop *loop_lo = 0;
+\& struct ev_embed embed;
+\&
+\& // see if there is a chance of getting one that works
+\& // (remember that a flags value of 0 means autodetection)
+\& loop_lo = ev_embeddable_backends () & ev_recommended_backends ()
+\& ? ev_loop_new (ev_embeddable_backends () & ev_recommended_backends ())
+\& : 0;
+\&
+\& // if we got one, then embed it, otherwise default to loop_hi
+\& if (loop_lo)
+\& {
+\& ev_embed_init (&embed, 0, loop_lo);
+\& ev_embed_start (loop_hi, &embed);
+\& }
+\& else
+\& loop_lo = loop_hi;
+.Ve
+.PP
+Example: Check if kqueue is available but not recommended and create
+a kqueue backend for use with sockets (which usually work with any
+kqueue implementation). Store the kqueue/socket\-only event loop in
+\&\f(CW\*(C`loop_socket\*(C'\fR. (One might optionally use \f(CW\*(C`EVFLAG_NOENV\*(C'\fR, too).
+.PP
+.Vb 3
+\& struct ev_loop *loop = ev_default_init (0);
+\& struct ev_loop *loop_socket = 0;
+\& struct ev_embed embed;
+\&
+\& if (ev_supported_backends () & ~ev_recommended_backends () & EVBACKEND_KQUEUE)
+\& if ((loop_socket = ev_loop_new (EVBACKEND_KQUEUE))
+\& {
+\& ev_embed_init (&embed, 0, loop_socket);
+\& ev_embed_start (loop, &embed);
+\& }
+\&
+\& if (!loop_socket)
+\& loop_socket = loop;
+\&
+\& // now use loop_socket for all sockets, and loop for everything else
+.Ve
+.ie n .Sh """ev_fork"" \- the audacity to resume the event loop after a fork"
+.el .Sh "\f(CWev_fork\fP \- the audacity to resume the event loop after a fork"
+.IX Subsection "ev_fork - the audacity to resume the event loop after a fork"
+Fork watchers are called when a \f(CW\*(C`fork ()\*(C'\fR was detected (usually because
+whoever is a good citizen cared to tell libev about it by calling
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_default_fork\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop_fork\*(C'\fR). The invocation is done before the
+event loop blocks next and before \f(CW\*(C`ev_check\*(C'\fR watchers are being called,
+and only in the child after the fork. If whoever good citizen calling
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_default_fork\*(C'\fR cheats and calls it in the wrong process, the fork
+handlers will be invoked, too, of course.
+.PP
+\fIWatcher-Specific Functions and Data Members\fR
+.IX Subsection "Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members"
+.IP "ev_fork_init (ev_signal *, callback)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_fork_init (ev_signal *, callback)"
+Initialises and configures the fork watcher \- it has no parameters of any
+kind. There is a \f(CW\*(C`ev_fork_set\*(C'\fR macro, but using it is utterly pointless,
+believe me.
+.ie n .Sh """ev_async"" \- how to wake up another event loop"
+.el .Sh "\f(CWev_async\fP \- how to wake up another event loop"
+.IX Subsection "ev_async - how to wake up another event loop"
+In general, you cannot use an \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR from multiple threads or other
+asynchronous sources such as signal handlers (as opposed to multiple event
+loops \- those are of course safe to use in different threads).
+.PP
+Sometimes, however, you need to wake up another event loop you do not
+control, for example because it belongs to another thread. This is what
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_async\*(C'\fR watchers do: as long as the \f(CW\*(C`ev_async\*(C'\fR watcher is active, you
+can signal it by calling \f(CW\*(C`ev_async_send\*(C'\fR, which is thread\- and signal
+safe.
+.PP
+This functionality is very similar to \f(CW\*(C`ev_signal\*(C'\fR watchers, as signals,
+too, are asynchronous in nature, and signals, too, will be compressed
+(i.e. the number of callback invocations may be less than the number of
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_async_sent\*(C'\fR calls).
+.PP
+Unlike \f(CW\*(C`ev_signal\*(C'\fR watchers, \f(CW\*(C`ev_async\*(C'\fR works with any event loop, not
+just the default loop.
+.PP
+\fIQueueing\fR
+.IX Subsection "Queueing"
+.PP
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_async\*(C'\fR does not support queueing of data in any way. The reason
+is that the author does not know of a simple (or any) algorithm for a
+multiple-writer-single-reader queue that works in all cases and doesn't
+need elaborate support such as pthreads.
+.PP
+That means that if you want to queue data, you have to provide your own
+queue. But at least I can tell you would implement locking around your
+queue:
+.IP "queueing from a signal handler context" 4
+.IX Item "queueing from a signal handler context"
+To implement race-free queueing, you simply add to the queue in the signal
+handler but you block the signal handler in the watcher callback. Here is an example that does that for
+some fictitiuous \s-1SIGUSR1\s0 handler:
+.Sp
+.Vb 1
+\& static ev_async mysig;
+\&
+\& static void
+\& sigusr1_handler (void)
+\& {
+\& sometype data;
+\&
+\& // no locking etc.
+\& queue_put (data);
+\& ev_async_send (EV_DEFAULT_ &mysig);
+\& }
+\&
+\& static void
+\& mysig_cb (EV_P_ ev_async *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& sometype data;
+\& sigset_t block, prev;
+\&
+\& sigemptyset (&block);
+\& sigaddset (&block, SIGUSR1);
+\& sigprocmask (SIG_BLOCK, &block, &prev);
+\&
+\& while (queue_get (&data))
+\& process (data);
+\&
+\& if (sigismember (&prev, SIGUSR1)
+\& sigprocmask (SIG_UNBLOCK, &block, 0);
+\& }
+.Ve
+.Sp
+(Note: pthreads in theory requires you to use \f(CW\*(C`pthread_setmask\*(C'\fR
+instead of \f(CW\*(C`sigprocmask\*(C'\fR when you use threads, but libev doesn't do it
+either...).
+.IP "queueing from a thread context" 4
+.IX Item "queueing from a thread context"
+The strategy for threads is different, as you cannot (easily) block
+threads but you can easily preempt them, so to queue safely you need to
+employ a traditional mutex lock, such as in this pthread example:
+.Sp
+.Vb 2
+\& static ev_async mysig;
+\& static pthread_mutex_t mymutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
+\&
+\& static void
+\& otherthread (void)
+\& {
+\& // only need to lock the actual queueing operation
+\& pthread_mutex_lock (&mymutex);
+\& queue_put (data);
+\& pthread_mutex_unlock (&mymutex);
+\&
+\& ev_async_send (EV_DEFAULT_ &mysig);
+\& }
+\&
+\& static void
+\& mysig_cb (EV_P_ ev_async *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& pthread_mutex_lock (&mymutex);
+\&
+\& while (queue_get (&data))
+\& process (data);
+\&
+\& pthread_mutex_unlock (&mymutex);
+\& }
+.Ve
+.PP
+\fIWatcher-Specific Functions and Data Members\fR
+.IX Subsection "Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members"
+.IP "ev_async_init (ev_async *, callback)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_async_init (ev_async *, callback)"
+Initialises and configures the async watcher \- it has no parameters of any
+kind. There is a \f(CW\*(C`ev_asynd_set\*(C'\fR macro, but using it is utterly pointless,
+believe me.
+.IP "ev_async_send (loop, ev_async *)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_async_send (loop, ev_async *)"
+Sends/signals/activates the given \f(CW\*(C`ev_async\*(C'\fR watcher, that is, feeds
+an \f(CW\*(C`EV_ASYNC\*(C'\fR event on the watcher into the event loop. Unlike
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_feed_event\*(C'\fR, this call is safe to do in other threads, signal or
+similar contexts (see the dicusssion of \f(CW\*(C`EV_ATOMIC_T\*(C'\fR in the embedding
+section below on what exactly this means).
+.Sp
+This call incurs the overhead of a syscall only once per loop iteration,
+so while the overhead might be noticable, it doesn't apply to repeated
+calls to \f(CW\*(C`ev_async_send\*(C'\fR.
+.IP "bool = ev_async_pending (ev_async *)" 4
+.IX Item "bool = ev_async_pending (ev_async *)"
+Returns a non-zero value when \f(CW\*(C`ev_async_send\*(C'\fR has been called on the
+watcher but the event has not yet been processed (or even noted) by the
+event loop.
+.Sp
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_async_send\*(C'\fR sets a flag in the watcher and wakes up the loop. When
+the loop iterates next and checks for the watcher to have become active,
+it will reset the flag again. \f(CW\*(C`ev_async_pending\*(C'\fR can be used to very
+quickly check wether invoking the loop might be a good idea.
+.Sp
+Not that this does \fInot\fR check wether the watcher itself is pending, only
+wether it has been requested to make this watcher pending.
+.SH "OTHER FUNCTIONS"
+.IX Header "OTHER FUNCTIONS"
+There are some other functions of possible interest. Described. Here. Now.
+.IP "ev_once (loop, int fd, int events, ev_tstamp timeout, callback)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_once (loop, int fd, int events, ev_tstamp timeout, callback)"
+This function combines a simple timer and an I/O watcher, calls your
+callback on whichever event happens first and automatically stop both
+watchers. This is useful if you want to wait for a single event on an fd
+or timeout without having to allocate/configure/start/stop/free one or
+more watchers yourself.
+.Sp
+If \f(CW\*(C`fd\*(C'\fR is less than 0, then no I/O watcher will be started and events
+is being ignored. Otherwise, an \f(CW\*(C`ev_io\*(C'\fR watcher for the given \f(CW\*(C`fd\*(C'\fR and
+\&\f(CW\*(C`events\*(C'\fR set will be craeted and started.
+.Sp
+If \f(CW\*(C`timeout\*(C'\fR is less than 0, then no timeout watcher will be
+started. Otherwise an \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer\*(C'\fR watcher with after = \f(CW\*(C`timeout\*(C'\fR (and
+repeat = 0) will be started. While \f(CW0\fR is a valid timeout, it is of
+dubious value.
+.Sp
+The callback has the type \f(CW\*(C`void (*cb)(int revents, void *arg)\*(C'\fR and gets
+passed an \f(CW\*(C`revents\*(C'\fR set like normal event callbacks (a combination of
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EV_ERROR\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`EV_READ\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`EV_WRITE\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`EV_TIMEOUT\*(C'\fR) and the \f(CW\*(C`arg\*(C'\fR
+value passed to \f(CW\*(C`ev_once\*(C'\fR:
+.Sp
+.Vb 7
+\& static void stdin_ready (int revents, void *arg)
+\& {
+\& if (revents & EV_TIMEOUT)
+\& /* doh, nothing entered */;
+\& else if (revents & EV_READ)
+\& /* stdin might have data for us, joy! */;
+\& }
+\&
+\& ev_once (STDIN_FILENO, EV_READ, 10., stdin_ready, 0);
+.Ve
+.IP "ev_feed_event (ev_loop *, watcher *, int revents)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_feed_event (ev_loop *, watcher *, int revents)"
+Feeds the given event set into the event loop, as if the specified event
+had happened for the specified watcher (which must be a pointer to an
+initialised but not necessarily started event watcher).
+.IP "ev_feed_fd_event (ev_loop *, int fd, int revents)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_feed_fd_event (ev_loop *, int fd, int revents)"
+Feed an event on the given fd, as if a file descriptor backend detected
+the given events it.
+.IP "ev_feed_signal_event (ev_loop *loop, int signum)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_feed_signal_event (ev_loop *loop, int signum)"
+Feed an event as if the given signal occured (\f(CW\*(C`loop\*(C'\fR must be the default
+loop!).
+.SH "LIBEVENT EMULATION"
+.IX Header "LIBEVENT EMULATION"
+Libev offers a compatibility emulation layer for libevent. It cannot
+emulate the internals of libevent, so here are some usage hints:
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+Use it by including <event.h>, as usual.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+The following members are fully supported: ev_base, ev_callback,
+ev_arg, ev_fd, ev_res, ev_events.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+Avoid using ev_flags and the EVLIST_*\-macros, while it is
+maintained by libev, it does not work exactly the same way as in libevent (consider
+it a private \s-1API\s0).
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+Priorities are not currently supported. Initialising priorities
+will fail and all watchers will have the same priority, even though there
+is an ev_pri field.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+In libevent, the last base created gets the signals, in libev, the
+first base created (== the default loop) gets the signals.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+Other members are not supported.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+The libev emulation is \fInot\fR \s-1ABI\s0 compatible to libevent, you need
+to use the libev header file and library.
+.SH "\*(C+ SUPPORT"
+.IX Header " SUPPORT"
+Libev comes with some simplistic wrapper classes for \*(C+ that mainly allow
+you to use some convinience methods to start/stop watchers and also change
+the callback model to a model using method callbacks on objects.
+.PP
+To use it,
+.PP
+.Vb 1
+\& #include <ev++.h>
+.Ve
+.PP
+This automatically includes \fIev.h\fR and puts all of its definitions (many
+of them macros) into the global namespace. All \*(C+ specific things are
+put into the \f(CW\*(C`ev\*(C'\fR namespace. It should support all the same embedding
+options as \fIev.h\fR, most notably \f(CW\*(C`EV_MULTIPLICITY\*(C'\fR.
+.PP
+Care has been taken to keep the overhead low. The only data member the \*(C+
+classes add (compared to plain C\-style watchers) is the event loop pointer
+that the watcher is associated with (or no additional members at all if
+you disable \f(CW\*(C`EV_MULTIPLICITY\*(C'\fR when embedding libev).
+.PP
+Currently, functions, and static and non-static member functions can be
+used as callbacks. Other types should be easy to add as long as they only
+need one additional pointer for context. If you need support for other
+types of functors please contact the author (preferably after implementing
+it).
+.PP
+Here is a list of things available in the \f(CW\*(C`ev\*(C'\fR namespace:
+.ie n .IP """ev::READ""\fR, \f(CW""ev::WRITE"" etc." 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWev::READ\fR, \f(CWev::WRITE\fR etc." 4
+.IX Item "ev::READ, ev::WRITE etc."
+These are just enum values with the same values as the \f(CW\*(C`EV_READ\*(C'\fR etc.
+macros from \fIev.h\fR.
+.ie n .IP """ev::tstamp""\fR, \f(CW""ev::now""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWev::tstamp\fR, \f(CWev::now\fR" 4
+.IX Item "ev::tstamp, ev::now"
+Aliases to the same types/functions as with the \f(CW\*(C`ev_\*(C'\fR prefix.
+.ie n .IP """ev::io""\fR, \f(CW""ev::timer""\fR, \f(CW""ev::periodic""\fR, \f(CW""ev::idle""\fR, \f(CW""ev::sig"" etc." 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWev::io\fR, \f(CWev::timer\fR, \f(CWev::periodic\fR, \f(CWev::idle\fR, \f(CWev::sig\fR etc." 4
+.IX Item "ev::io, ev::timer, ev::periodic, ev::idle, ev::sig etc."
+For each \f(CW\*(C`ev_TYPE\*(C'\fR watcher in \fIev.h\fR there is a corresponding class of
+the same name in the \f(CW\*(C`ev\*(C'\fR namespace, with the exception of \f(CW\*(C`ev_signal\*(C'\fR
+which is called \f(CW\*(C`ev::sig\*(C'\fR to avoid clashes with the \f(CW\*(C`signal\*(C'\fR macro
+defines by many implementations.
+.Sp
+All of those classes have these methods:
+.RS 4
+.IP "ev::TYPE::TYPE ()" 4
+.IX Item "ev::TYPE::TYPE ()"
+.PD 0
+.IP "ev::TYPE::TYPE (struct ev_loop *)" 4
+.IX Item "ev::TYPE::TYPE (struct ev_loop *)"
+.IP "ev::TYPE::~TYPE" 4
+.IX Item "ev::TYPE::~TYPE"
+.PD
+The constructor (optionally) takes an event loop to associate the watcher
+with. If it is omitted, it will use \f(CW\*(C`EV_DEFAULT\*(C'\fR.
+.Sp
+The constructor calls \f(CW\*(C`ev_init\*(C'\fR for you, which means you have to call the
+\&\f(CW\*(C`set\*(C'\fR method before starting it.
+.Sp
+It will not set a callback, however: You have to call the templated \f(CW\*(C`set\*(C'\fR
+method to set a callback before you can start the watcher.
+.Sp
+(The reason why you have to use a method is a limitation in \*(C+ which does
+not allow explicit template arguments for constructors).
+.Sp
+The destructor automatically stops the watcher if it is active.
+.IP "w\->set<class, &class::method> (object *)" 4
+.IX Item "w->set<class, &class::method> (object *)"
+This method sets the callback method to call. The method has to have a
+signature of \f(CW\*(C`void (*)(ev_TYPE &, int)\*(C'\fR, it receives the watcher as
+first argument and the \f(CW\*(C`revents\*(C'\fR as second. The object must be given as
+parameter and is stored in the \f(CW\*(C`data\*(C'\fR member of the watcher.
+.Sp
+This method synthesizes efficient thunking code to call your method from
+the C callback that libev requires. If your compiler can inline your
+callback (i.e. it is visible to it at the place of the \f(CW\*(C`set\*(C'\fR call and
+your compiler is good :), then the method will be fully inlined into the
+thunking function, making it as fast as a direct C callback.
+.Sp
+Example: simple class declaration and watcher initialisation
+.Sp
+.Vb 4
+\& struct myclass
+\& {
+\& void io_cb (ev::io &w, int revents) { }
+\& }
+\&
+\& myclass obj;
+\& ev::io iow;
+\& iow.set <myclass, &myclass::io_cb> (&obj);
+.Ve
+.IP "w\->set<function> (void *data = 0)" 4
+.IX Item "w->set<function> (void *data = 0)"
+Also sets a callback, but uses a static method or plain function as
+callback. The optional \f(CW\*(C`data\*(C'\fR argument will be stored in the watcher's
+\&\f(CW\*(C`data\*(C'\fR member and is free for you to use.
+.Sp
+The prototype of the \f(CW\*(C`function\*(C'\fR must be \f(CW\*(C`void (*)(ev::TYPE &w, int)\*(C'\fR.
+.Sp
+See the method\-\f(CW\*(C`set\*(C'\fR above for more details.
+.Sp
+Example:
+.Sp
+.Vb 2
+\& static void io_cb (ev::io &w, int revents) { }
+\& iow.set <io_cb> ();
+.Ve
+.IP "w\->set (struct ev_loop *)" 4
+.IX Item "w->set (struct ev_loop *)"
+Associates a different \f(CW\*(C`struct ev_loop\*(C'\fR with this watcher. You can only
+do this when the watcher is inactive (and not pending either).
+.IP "w\->set ([args])" 4
+.IX Item "w->set ([args])"
+Basically the same as \f(CW\*(C`ev_TYPE_set\*(C'\fR, with the same args. Must be
+called at least once. Unlike the C counterpart, an active watcher gets
+automatically stopped and restarted when reconfiguring it with this
+method.
+.IP "w\->start ()" 4
+.IX Item "w->start ()"
+Starts the watcher. Note that there is no \f(CW\*(C`loop\*(C'\fR argument, as the
+constructor already stores the event loop.
+.IP "w\->stop ()" 4
+.IX Item "w->stop ()"
+Stops the watcher if it is active. Again, no \f(CW\*(C`loop\*(C'\fR argument.
+.ie n .IP "w\->again () (""ev::timer""\fR, \f(CW""ev::periodic"" only)" 4
+.el .IP "w\->again () (\f(CWev::timer\fR, \f(CWev::periodic\fR only)" 4
+.IX Item "w->again () (ev::timer, ev::periodic only)"
+For \f(CW\*(C`ev::timer\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`ev::periodic\*(C'\fR, this invokes the corresponding
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_TYPE_again\*(C'\fR function.
+.ie n .IP "w\->sweep () (""ev::embed"" only)" 4
+.el .IP "w\->sweep () (\f(CWev::embed\fR only)" 4
+.IX Item "w->sweep () (ev::embed only)"
+Invokes \f(CW\*(C`ev_embed_sweep\*(C'\fR.
+.ie n .IP "w\->update () (""ev::stat"" only)" 4
+.el .IP "w\->update () (\f(CWev::stat\fR only)" 4
+.IX Item "w->update () (ev::stat only)"
+Invokes \f(CW\*(C`ev_stat_stat\*(C'\fR.
+.RE
+.RS 4
+.RE
+.PP
+Example: Define a class with an \s-1IO\s0 and idle watcher, start one of them in
+the constructor.
+.PP
+.Vb 4
+\& class myclass
+\& {
+\& ev::io io; void io_cb (ev::io &w, int revents);
+\& ev:idle idle void idle_cb (ev::idle &w, int revents);
+\&
+\& myclass (int fd)
+\& {
+\& io .set <myclass, &myclass::io_cb > (this);
+\& idle.set <myclass, &myclass::idle_cb> (this);
+\&
+\& io.start (fd, ev::READ);
+\& }
+\& };
+.Ve
+.SH "OTHER LANGUAGE BINDINGS"
+.IX Header "OTHER LANGUAGE BINDINGS"
+Libev does not offer other language bindings itself, but bindings for a
+numbe rof languages exist in the form of third-party packages. If you know
+any interesting language binding in addition to the ones listed here, drop
+me a note.
+.IP "Perl" 4
+.IX Item "Perl"
+The \s-1EV\s0 module implements the full libev \s-1API\s0 and is actually used to test
+libev. \s-1EV\s0 is developed together with libev. Apart from the \s-1EV\s0 core module,
+there are additional modules that implement libev-compatible interfaces
+to \f(CW\*(C`libadns\*(C'\fR (\f(CW\*(C`EV::ADNS\*(C'\fR), \f(CW\*(C`Net::SNMP\*(C'\fR (\f(CW\*(C`Net::SNMP::EV\*(C'\fR) and the
+\&\f(CW\*(C`libglib\*(C'\fR event core (\f(CW\*(C`Glib::EV\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`EV::Glib\*(C'\fR).
+.Sp
+It can be found and installed via \s-1CPAN\s0, its homepage is found at
+<http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/EV>.
+.IP "Ruby" 4
+.IX Item "Ruby"
+Tony Arcieri has written a ruby extension that offers access to a subset
+of the libev \s-1API\s0 and adds filehandle abstractions, asynchronous \s-1DNS\s0 and
+more on top of it. It can be found via gem servers. Its homepage is at
+<http://rev.rubyforge.org/>.
+.IP "D" 4
+.IX Item "D"
+Leandro Lucarella has written a D language binding (\fIev.d\fR) for libev, to
+be found at <http://git.llucax.com.ar/?p=software/ev.d.git;a=summary>.
+.SH "MACRO MAGIC"
+.IX Header "MACRO MAGIC"
+Libev can be compiled with a variety of options, the most fundamantal
+of which is \f(CW\*(C`EV_MULTIPLICITY\*(C'\fR. This option determines whether (most)
+functions and callbacks have an initial \f(CW\*(C`struct ev_loop *\*(C'\fR argument.
+.PP
+To make it easier to write programs that cope with either variant, the
+following macros are defined:
+.ie n .IP """EV_A""\fR, \f(CW""EV_A_""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_A\fR, \f(CWEV_A_\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_A, EV_A_"
+This provides the loop \fIargument\fR for functions, if one is required (\*(L"ev
+loop argument\*(R"). The \f(CW\*(C`EV_A\*(C'\fR form is used when this is the sole argument,
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EV_A_\*(C'\fR is used when other arguments are following. Example:
+.Sp
+.Vb 3
+\& ev_unref (EV_A);
+\& ev_timer_add (EV_A_ watcher);
+\& ev_loop (EV_A_ 0);
+.Ve
+.Sp
+It assumes the variable \f(CW\*(C`loop\*(C'\fR of type \f(CW\*(C`struct ev_loop *\*(C'\fR is in scope,
+which is often provided by the following macro.
+.ie n .IP """EV_P""\fR, \f(CW""EV_P_""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_P\fR, \f(CWEV_P_\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_P, EV_P_"
+This provides the loop \fIparameter\fR for functions, if one is required (\*(L"ev
+loop parameter\*(R"). The \f(CW\*(C`EV_P\*(C'\fR form is used when this is the sole parameter,
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EV_P_\*(C'\fR is used when other parameters are following. Example:
+.Sp
+.Vb 2
+\& // this is how ev_unref is being declared
+\& static void ev_unref (EV_P);
+\&
+\& // this is how you can declare your typical callback
+\& static void cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents)
+.Ve
+.Sp
+It declares a parameter \f(CW\*(C`loop\*(C'\fR of type \f(CW\*(C`struct ev_loop *\*(C'\fR, quite
+suitable for use with \f(CW\*(C`EV_A\*(C'\fR.
+.ie n .IP """EV_DEFAULT""\fR, \f(CW""EV_DEFAULT_""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_DEFAULT\fR, \f(CWEV_DEFAULT_\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_DEFAULT, EV_DEFAULT_"
+Similar to the other two macros, this gives you the value of the default
+loop, if multiple loops are supported (\*(L"ev loop default\*(R").
+.ie n .IP """EV_DEFAULT_UC""\fR, \f(CW""EV_DEFAULT_UC_""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_DEFAULT_UC\fR, \f(CWEV_DEFAULT_UC_\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_DEFAULT_UC, EV_DEFAULT_UC_"
+Usage identical to \f(CW\*(C`EV_DEFAULT\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`EV_DEFAULT_\*(C'\fR, but requires that the
+default loop has been initialised (\f(CW\*(C`UC\*(C'\fR == unchecked). Their behaviour
+is undefined when the default loop has not been initialised by a previous
+execution of \f(CW\*(C`EV_DEFAULT\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`EV_DEFAULT_\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`ev_default_init (...)\*(C'\fR.
+.Sp
+It is often prudent to use \f(CW\*(C`EV_DEFAULT\*(C'\fR when initialising the first
+watcher in a function but use \f(CW\*(C`EV_DEFAULT_UC\*(C'\fR afterwards.
+.PP
+Example: Declare and initialise a check watcher, utilising the above
+macros so it will work regardless of whether multiple loops are supported
+or not.
+.PP
+.Vb 5
+\& static void
+\& check_cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& ev_check_stop (EV_A_ w);
+\& }
+\&
+\& ev_check check;
+\& ev_check_init (&check, check_cb);
+\& ev_check_start (EV_DEFAULT_ &check);
+\& ev_loop (EV_DEFAULT_ 0);
+.Ve
+.SH "EMBEDDING"
+.IX Header "EMBEDDING"
+Libev can (and often is) directly embedded into host
+applications. Examples of applications that embed it include the Deliantra
+Game Server, the \s-1EV\s0 perl module, the \s-1GNU\s0 Virtual Private Ethernet (gvpe)
+and rxvt-unicode.
+.PP
+The goal is to enable you to just copy the necessary files into your
+source directory without having to change even a single line in them, so
+you can easily upgrade by simply copying (or having a checked-out copy of
+libev somewhere in your source tree).
+.Sh "\s-1FILESETS\s0"
+.IX Subsection "FILESETS"
+Depending on what features you need you need to include one or more sets of files
+in your app.
+.PP
+\fI\s-1CORE\s0 \s-1EVENT\s0 \s-1LOOP\s0\fR
+.IX Subsection "CORE EVENT LOOP"
+.PP
+To include only the libev core (all the \f(CW\*(C`ev_*\*(C'\fR functions), with manual
+configuration (no autoconf):
+.PP
+.Vb 2
+\& #define EV_STANDALONE 1
+\& #include "ev.c"
+.Ve
+.PP
+This will automatically include \fIev.h\fR, too, and should be done in a
+single C source file only to provide the function implementations. To use
+it, do the same for \fIev.h\fR in all files wishing to use this \s-1API\s0 (best
+done by writing a wrapper around \fIev.h\fR that you can include instead and
+where you can put other configuration options):
+.PP
+.Vb 2
+\& #define EV_STANDALONE 1
+\& #include "ev.h"
+.Ve
+.PP
+Both header files and implementation files can be compiled with a \*(C+
+compiler (at least, thats a stated goal, and breakage will be treated
+as a bug).
+.PP
+You need the following files in your source tree, or in a directory
+in your include path (e.g. in libev/ when using \-Ilibev):
+.PP
+.Vb 4
+\& ev.h
+\& ev.c
+\& ev_vars.h
+\& ev_wrap.h
+\&
+\& ev_win32.c required on win32 platforms only
+\&
+\& ev_select.c only when select backend is enabled (which is enabled by default)
+\& ev_poll.c only when poll backend is enabled (disabled by default)
+\& ev_epoll.c only when the epoll backend is enabled (disabled by default)
+\& ev_kqueue.c only when the kqueue backend is enabled (disabled by default)
+\& ev_port.c only when the solaris port backend is enabled (disabled by default)
+.Ve
+.PP
+\&\fIev.c\fR includes the backend files directly when enabled, so you only need
+to compile this single file.
+.PP
+\fI\s-1LIBEVENT\s0 \s-1COMPATIBILITY\s0 \s-1API\s0\fR
+.IX Subsection "LIBEVENT COMPATIBILITY API"
+.PP
+To include the libevent compatibility \s-1API\s0, also include:
+.PP
+.Vb 1
+\& #include "event.c"
+.Ve
+.PP
+in the file including \fIev.c\fR, and:
+.PP
+.Vb 1
+\& #include "event.h"
+.Ve
+.PP
+in the files that want to use the libevent \s-1API\s0. This also includes \fIev.h\fR.
+.PP
+You need the following additional files for this:
+.PP
+.Vb 2
+\& event.h
+\& event.c
+.Ve
+.PP
+\fI\s-1AUTOCONF\s0 \s-1SUPPORT\s0\fR
+.IX Subsection "AUTOCONF SUPPORT"
+.PP
+Instead of using \f(CW\*(C`EV_STANDALONE=1\*(C'\fR and providing your config in
+whatever way you want, you can also \f(CW\*(C`m4_include([libev.m4])\*(C'\fR in your
+\&\fIconfigure.ac\fR and leave \f(CW\*(C`EV_STANDALONE\*(C'\fR undefined. \fIev.c\fR will then
+include \fIconfig.h\fR and configure itself accordingly.
+.PP
+For this of course you need the m4 file:
+.PP
+.Vb 1
+\& libev.m4
+.Ve
+.Sh "\s-1PREPROCESSOR\s0 \s-1SYMBOLS/MACROS\s0"
+.IX Subsection "PREPROCESSOR SYMBOLS/MACROS"
+Libev can be configured via a variety of preprocessor symbols you have to
+define before including any of its files. The default in the absense of
+autoconf is noted for every option.
+.IP "\s-1EV_STANDALONE\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_STANDALONE"
+Must always be \f(CW1\fR if you do not use autoconf configuration, which
+keeps libev from including \fIconfig.h\fR, and it also defines dummy
+implementations for some libevent functions (such as logging, which is not
+supported). It will also not define any of the structs usually found in
+\&\fIevent.h\fR that are not directly supported by the libev core alone.
+.IP "\s-1EV_USE_MONOTONIC\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_USE_MONOTONIC"
+If defined to be \f(CW1\fR, libev will try to detect the availability of the
+monotonic clock option at both compiletime and runtime. Otherwise no use
+of the monotonic clock option will be attempted. If you enable this, you
+usually have to link against librt or something similar. Enabling it when
+the functionality isn't available is safe, though, although you have
+to make sure you link against any libraries where the \f(CW\*(C`clock_gettime\*(C'\fR
+function is hiding in (often \fI\-lrt\fR).
+.IP "\s-1EV_USE_REALTIME\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_USE_REALTIME"
+If defined to be \f(CW1\fR, libev will try to detect the availability of the
+realtime clock option at compiletime (and assume its availability at
+runtime if successful). Otherwise no use of the realtime clock option will
+be attempted. This effectively replaces \f(CW\*(C`gettimeofday\*(C'\fR by \f(CW\*(C`clock_get
+(CLOCK_REALTIME, ...)\*(C'\fR and will not normally affect correctness. See the
+note about libraries in the description of \f(CW\*(C`EV_USE_MONOTONIC\*(C'\fR, though.
+.IP "\s-1EV_USE_NANOSLEEP\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_USE_NANOSLEEP"
+If defined to be \f(CW1\fR, libev will assume that \f(CW\*(C`nanosleep ()\*(C'\fR is available
+and will use it for delays. Otherwise it will use \f(CW\*(C`select ()\*(C'\fR.
+.IP "\s-1EV_USE_EVENTFD\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_USE_EVENTFD"
+If defined to be \f(CW1\fR, then libev will assume that \f(CW\*(C`eventfd ()\*(C'\fR is
+available and will probe for kernel support at runtime. This will improve
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_signal\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`ev_async\*(C'\fR performance and reduce resource consumption.
+If undefined, it will be enabled if the headers indicate GNU/Linux + Glibc
+2.7 or newer, otherwise disabled.
+.IP "\s-1EV_USE_SELECT\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_USE_SELECT"
+If undefined or defined to be \f(CW1\fR, libev will compile in support for the
+\&\f(CW\*(C`select\*(C'\fR(2) backend. No attempt at autodetection will be done: if no
+other method takes over, select will be it. Otherwise the select backend
+will not be compiled in.
+.IP "\s-1EV_SELECT_USE_FD_SET\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_SELECT_USE_FD_SET"
+If defined to \f(CW1\fR, then the select backend will use the system \f(CW\*(C`fd_set\*(C'\fR
+structure. This is useful if libev doesn't compile due to a missing
+\&\f(CW\*(C`NFDBITS\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`fd_mask\*(C'\fR definition or it misguesses the bitset layout on
+exotic systems. This usually limits the range of file descriptors to some
+low limit such as 1024 or might have other limitations (winsocket only
+allows 64 sockets). The \f(CW\*(C`FD_SETSIZE\*(C'\fR macro, set before compilation, might
+influence the size of the \f(CW\*(C`fd_set\*(C'\fR used.
+.IP "\s-1EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET"
+When defined to \f(CW1\fR, the select backend will assume that
+select/socket/connect etc. don't understand file descriptors but
+wants osf handles on win32 (this is the case when the select to
+be used is the winsock select). This means that it will call
+\&\f(CW\*(C`_get_osfhandle\*(C'\fR on the fd to convert it to an \s-1OS\s0 handle. Otherwise,
+it is assumed that all these functions actually work on fds, even
+on win32. Should not be defined on non\-win32 platforms.
+.IP "\s-1EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE"
+If \f(CW\*(C`EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET\*(C'\fR is enabled, then libev needs a way to map
+file descriptors to socket handles. When not defining this symbol (the
+default), then libev will call \f(CW\*(C`_get_osfhandle\*(C'\fR, which is usually
+correct. In some cases, programs use their own file descriptor management,
+in which case they can provide this function to map fds to socket handles.
+.IP "\s-1EV_USE_POLL\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_USE_POLL"
+If defined to be \f(CW1\fR, libev will compile in support for the \f(CW\*(C`poll\*(C'\fR(2)
+backend. Otherwise it will be enabled on non\-win32 platforms. It
+takes precedence over select.
+.IP "\s-1EV_USE_EPOLL\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_USE_EPOLL"
+If defined to be \f(CW1\fR, libev will compile in support for the Linux
+\&\f(CW\*(C`epoll\*(C'\fR(7) backend. Its availability will be detected at runtime,
+otherwise another method will be used as fallback. This is the preferred
+backend for GNU/Linux systems. If undefined, it will be enabled if the
+headers indicate GNU/Linux + Glibc 2.4 or newer, otherwise disabled.
+.IP "\s-1EV_USE_KQUEUE\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_USE_KQUEUE"
+If defined to be \f(CW1\fR, libev will compile in support for the \s-1BSD\s0 style
+\&\f(CW\*(C`kqueue\*(C'\fR(2) backend. Its actual availability will be detected at runtime,
+otherwise another method will be used as fallback. This is the preferred
+backend for \s-1BSD\s0 and BSD-like systems, although on most BSDs kqueue only
+supports some types of fds correctly (the only platform we found that
+supports ptys for example was NetBSD), so kqueue might be compiled in, but
+not be used unless explicitly requested. The best way to use it is to find
+out whether kqueue supports your type of fd properly and use an embedded
+kqueue loop.
+.IP "\s-1EV_USE_PORT\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_USE_PORT"
+If defined to be \f(CW1\fR, libev will compile in support for the Solaris
+10 port style backend. Its availability will be detected at runtime,
+otherwise another method will be used as fallback. This is the preferred
+backend for Solaris 10 systems.
+.IP "\s-1EV_USE_DEVPOLL\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_USE_DEVPOLL"
+reserved for future expansion, works like the \s-1USE\s0 symbols above.
+.IP "\s-1EV_USE_INOTIFY\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_USE_INOTIFY"
+If defined to be \f(CW1\fR, libev will compile in support for the Linux inotify
+interface to speed up \f(CW\*(C`ev_stat\*(C'\fR watchers. Its actual availability will
+be detected at runtime. If undefined, it will be enabled if the headers
+indicate GNU/Linux + Glibc 2.4 or newer, otherwise disabled.
+.IP "\s-1EV_ATOMIC_T\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_ATOMIC_T"
+Libev requires an integer type (suitable for storing \f(CW0\fR or \f(CW1\fR) whose
+access is atomic with respect to other threads or signal contexts. No such
+type is easily found in the C language, so you can provide your own type
+that you know is safe for your purposes. It is used both for signal handler \*(L"locking\*(R"
+as well as for signal and thread safety in \f(CW\*(C`ev_async\*(C'\fR watchers.
+.Sp
+In the absense of this define, libev will use \f(CW\*(C`sig_atomic_t volatile\*(C'\fR
+(from \fIsignal.h\fR), which is usually good enough on most platforms.
+.IP "\s-1EV_H\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_H"
+The name of the \fIev.h\fR header file used to include it. The default if
+undefined is \f(CW"ev.h"\fR in \fIevent.h\fR, \fIev.c\fR and \fIev++.h\fR. This can be
+used to virtually rename the \fIev.h\fR header file in case of conflicts.
+.IP "\s-1EV_CONFIG_H\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_CONFIG_H"
+If \f(CW\*(C`EV_STANDALONE\*(C'\fR isn't \f(CW1\fR, this variable can be used to override
+\&\fIev.c\fR's idea of where to find the \fIconfig.h\fR file, similarly to
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EV_H\*(C'\fR, above.
+.IP "\s-1EV_EVENT_H\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_EVENT_H"
+Similarly to \f(CW\*(C`EV_H\*(C'\fR, this macro can be used to override \fIevent.c\fR's idea
+of how the \fIevent.h\fR header can be found, the default is \f(CW"event.h"\fR.
+.IP "\s-1EV_PROTOTYPES\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_PROTOTYPES"
+If defined to be \f(CW0\fR, then \fIev.h\fR will not define any function
+prototypes, but still define all the structs and other symbols. This is
+occasionally useful if you want to provide your own wrapper functions
+around libev functions.
+.IP "\s-1EV_MULTIPLICITY\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_MULTIPLICITY"
+If undefined or defined to \f(CW1\fR, then all event-loop-specific functions
+will have the \f(CW\*(C`struct ev_loop *\*(C'\fR as first argument, and you can create
+additional independent event loops. Otherwise there will be no support
+for multiple event loops and there is no first event loop pointer
+argument. Instead, all functions act on the single default loop.
+.IP "\s-1EV_MINPRI\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_MINPRI"
+.PD 0
+.IP "\s-1EV_MAXPRI\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_MAXPRI"
+.PD
+The range of allowed priorities. \f(CW\*(C`EV_MINPRI\*(C'\fR must be smaller or equal to
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EV_MAXPRI\*(C'\fR, but otherwise there are no non-obvious limitations. You can
+provide for more priorities by overriding those symbols (usually defined
+to be \f(CW\*(C`\-2\*(C'\fR and \f(CW2\fR, respectively).
+.Sp
+When doing priority-based operations, libev usually has to linearly search
+all the priorities, so having many of them (hundreds) uses a lot of space
+and time, so using the defaults of five priorities (\-2 .. +2) is usually
+fine.
+.Sp
+If your embedding app does not need any priorities, defining these both to
+\&\f(CW0\fR will save some memory and cpu.
+.IP "\s-1EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE"
+If undefined or defined to be \f(CW1\fR, then periodic timers are supported. If
+defined to be \f(CW0\fR, then they are not. Disabling them saves a few kB of
+code.
+.IP "\s-1EV_IDLE_ENABLE\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_IDLE_ENABLE"
+If undefined or defined to be \f(CW1\fR, then idle watchers are supported. If
+defined to be \f(CW0\fR, then they are not. Disabling them saves a few kB of
+code.
+.IP "\s-1EV_EMBED_ENABLE\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_EMBED_ENABLE"
+If undefined or defined to be \f(CW1\fR, then embed watchers are supported. If
+defined to be \f(CW0\fR, then they are not.
+.IP "\s-1EV_STAT_ENABLE\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_STAT_ENABLE"
+If undefined or defined to be \f(CW1\fR, then stat watchers are supported. If
+defined to be \f(CW0\fR, then they are not.
+.IP "\s-1EV_FORK_ENABLE\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_FORK_ENABLE"
+If undefined or defined to be \f(CW1\fR, then fork watchers are supported. If
+defined to be \f(CW0\fR, then they are not.
+.IP "\s-1EV_ASYNC_ENABLE\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_ASYNC_ENABLE"
+If undefined or defined to be \f(CW1\fR, then async watchers are supported. If
+defined to be \f(CW0\fR, then they are not.
+.IP "\s-1EV_MINIMAL\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_MINIMAL"
+If you need to shave off some kilobytes of code at the expense of some
+speed, define this symbol to \f(CW1\fR. Currently this is used to override some
+inlining decisions, saves roughly 30% codesize of amd64. It also selects a
+much smaller 2\-heap for timer management over the default 4\-heap.
+.IP "\s-1EV_PID_HASHSIZE\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_PID_HASHSIZE"
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_child\*(C'\fR watchers use a small hash table to distribute workload by
+pid. The default size is \f(CW16\fR (or \f(CW1\fR with \f(CW\*(C`EV_MINIMAL\*(C'\fR), usually more
+than enough. If you need to manage thousands of children you might want to
+increase this value (\fImust\fR be a power of two).
+.IP "\s-1EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE"
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_stat\*(C'\fR watchers use a small hash table to distribute workload by
+inotify watch id. The default size is \f(CW16\fR (or \f(CW1\fR with \f(CW\*(C`EV_MINIMAL\*(C'\fR),
+usually more than enough. If you need to manage thousands of \f(CW\*(C`ev_stat\*(C'\fR
+watchers you might want to increase this value (\fImust\fR be a power of
+two).
+.IP "\s-1EV_USE_4HEAP\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_USE_4HEAP"
+Heaps are not very cache-efficient. To improve the cache-efficiency of the
+timer and periodics heap, libev uses a 4\-heap when this symbol is defined
+to \f(CW1\fR. The 4\-heap uses more complicated (longer) code but has a
+noticable after performance with many (thousands) of watchers.
+.Sp
+The default is \f(CW1\fR unless \f(CW\*(C`EV_MINIMAL\*(C'\fR is set in which case it is \f(CW0\fR
+(disabled).
+.IP "\s-1EV_HEAP_CACHE_AT\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_HEAP_CACHE_AT"
+Heaps are not very cache-efficient. To improve the cache-efficiency of the
+timer and periodics heap, libev can cache the timestamp (\fIat\fR) within
+the heap structure (selected by defining \f(CW\*(C`EV_HEAP_CACHE_AT\*(C'\fR to \f(CW1\fR),
+which uses 8\-12 bytes more per watcher and a few hundred bytes more code,
+but avoids random read accesses on heap changes. This noticably improves
+performance noticably with with many (hundreds) of watchers.
+.Sp
+The default is \f(CW1\fR unless \f(CW\*(C`EV_MINIMAL\*(C'\fR is set in which case it is \f(CW0\fR
+(disabled).
+.IP "\s-1EV_COMMON\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_COMMON"
+By default, all watchers have a \f(CW\*(C`void *data\*(C'\fR member. By redefining
+this macro to a something else you can include more and other types of
+members. You have to define it each time you include one of the files,
+though, and it must be identical each time.
+.Sp
+For example, the perl \s-1EV\s0 module uses something like this:
+.Sp
+.Vb 3
+\& #define EV_COMMON \e
+\& SV *self; /* contains this struct */ \e
+\& SV *cb_sv, *fh /* note no trailing ";" */
+.Ve
+.IP "\s-1EV_CB_DECLARE\s0 (type)" 4
+.IX Item "EV_CB_DECLARE (type)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "\s-1EV_CB_INVOKE\s0 (watcher, revents)" 4
+.IX Item "EV_CB_INVOKE (watcher, revents)"
+.IP "ev_set_cb (ev, cb)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_set_cb (ev, cb)"
+.PD
+Can be used to change the callback member declaration in each watcher,
+and the way callbacks are invoked and set. Must expand to a struct member
+definition and a statement, respectively. See the \fIev.h\fR header file for
+their default definitions. One possible use for overriding these is to
+avoid the \f(CW\*(C`struct ev_loop *\*(C'\fR as first argument in all cases, or to use
+method calls instead of plain function calls in \*(C+.
+.Sh "\s-1EXPORTED\s0 \s-1API\s0 \s-1SYMBOLS\s0"
+.IX Subsection "EXPORTED API SYMBOLS"
+If you need to re-export the \s-1API\s0 (e.g. via a dll) and you need a list of
+exported symbols, you can use the provided \fISymbol.*\fR files which list
+all public symbols, one per line:
+.PP
+.Vb 2
+\& Symbols.ev for libev proper
+\& Symbols.event for the libevent emulation
+.Ve
+.PP
+This can also be used to rename all public symbols to avoid clashes with
+multiple versions of libev linked together (which is obviously bad in
+itself, but sometimes it is inconvinient to avoid this).
+.PP
+A sed command like this will create wrapper \f(CW\*(C`#define\*(C'\fR's that you need to
+include before including \fIev.h\fR:
+.PP
+.Vb 1
+\& <Symbols.ev sed \-e "s/.*/#define & myprefix_&/" >wrap.h
+.Ve
+.PP
+This would create a file \fIwrap.h\fR which essentially looks like this:
+.PP
+.Vb 4
+\& #define ev_backend myprefix_ev_backend
+\& #define ev_check_start myprefix_ev_check_start
+\& #define ev_check_stop myprefix_ev_check_stop
+\& ...
+.Ve
+.Sh "\s-1EXAMPLES\s0"
+.IX Subsection "EXAMPLES"
+For a real-world example of a program the includes libev
+verbatim, you can have a look at the \s-1EV\s0 perl module
+(<http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/EV.html>). It has the libev files in
+the \fIlibev/\fR subdirectory and includes them in the \fI\s-1EV/EVAPI\s0.h\fR (public
+interface) and \fI\s-1EV\s0.xs\fR (implementation) files. Only the \fI\s-1EV\s0.xs\fR file
+will be compiled. It is pretty complex because it provides its own header
+file.
+.PP
+The usage in rxvt-unicode is simpler. It has a \fIev_cpp.h\fR header file
+that everybody includes and which overrides some configure choices:
+.PP
+.Vb 9
+\& #define EV_MINIMAL 1
+\& #define EV_USE_POLL 0
+\& #define EV_MULTIPLICITY 0
+\& #define EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE 0
+\& #define EV_STAT_ENABLE 0
+\& #define EV_FORK_ENABLE 0
+\& #define EV_CONFIG_H <config.h>
+\& #define EV_MINPRI 0
+\& #define EV_MAXPRI 0
+\&
+\& #include "ev++.h"
+.Ve
+.PP
+And a \fIev_cpp.C\fR implementation file that contains libev proper and is compiled:
+.PP
+.Vb 2
+\& #include "ev_cpp.h"
+\& #include "ev.c"
+.Ve
+.SH "THREADS AND COROUTINES"
+.IX Header "THREADS AND COROUTINES"
+.Sh "\s-1THREADS\s0"
+.IX Subsection "THREADS"
+Libev itself is completely threadsafe, but it uses no locking. This
+means that you can use as many loops as you want in parallel, as long as
+only one thread ever calls into one libev function with the same loop
+parameter.
+.PP
+Or put differently: calls with different loop parameters can be done in
+parallel from multiple threads, calls with the same loop parameter must be
+done serially (but can be done from different threads, as long as only one
+thread ever is inside a call at any point in time, e.g. by using a mutex
+per loop).
+.PP
+If you want to know which design is best for your problem, then I cannot
+help you but by giving some generic advice:
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+most applications have a main thread: use the default libev loop
+in that thread, or create a seperate thread running only the default loop.
+.Sp
+This helps integrating other libraries or software modules that use libev
+themselves and don't care/know about threading.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+one loop per thread is usually a good model.
+.Sp
+Doing this is almost never wrong, sometimes a better-performance model
+exists, but it is always a good start.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+other models exist, such as the leader/follower pattern, where one
+loop is handed through multiple threads in a kind of round-robbin fashion.
+.Sp
+Chosing a model is hard \- look around, learn, know that usually you cna do
+better than you currently do :\-)
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+often you need to talk to some other thread which blocks in the
+event loop \- \f(CW\*(C`ev_async\*(C'\fR watchers can be used to wake them up from other
+threads safely (or from signal contexts...).
+.Sh "\s-1COROUTINES\s0"
+.IX Subsection "COROUTINES"
+Libev is much more accomodating to coroutines (\*(L"cooperative threads\*(R"):
+libev fully supports nesting calls to it's functions from different
+coroutines (e.g. you can call \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR on the same loop from two
+different coroutines and switch freely between both coroutines running the
+loop, as long as you don't confuse yourself). The only exception is that
+you must not do this from \f(CW\*(C`ev_periodic\*(C'\fR reschedule callbacks.
+.PP
+Care has been invested into making sure that libev does not keep local
+state inside \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR, and other calls do not usually allow coroutine
+switches.
+.SH "COMPLEXITIES"
+.IX Header "COMPLEXITIES"
+In this section the complexities of (many of) the algorithms used inside
+libev will be explained. For complexity discussions about backends see the
+documentation for \f(CW\*(C`ev_default_init\*(C'\fR.
+.PP
+All of the following are about amortised time: If an array needs to be
+extended, libev needs to realloc and move the whole array, but this
+happens asymptotically never with higher number of elements, so O(1) might
+mean it might do a lengthy realloc operation in rare cases, but on average
+it is much faster and asymptotically approaches constant time.
+.IP "Starting and stopping timer/periodic watchers: O(log skipped_other_timers)" 4
+.IX Item "Starting and stopping timer/periodic watchers: O(log skipped_other_timers)"
+This means that, when you have a watcher that triggers in one hour and
+there are 100 watchers that would trigger before that then inserting will
+have to skip roughly seven (\f(CW\*(C`ld 100\*(C'\fR) of these watchers.
+.IP "Changing timer/periodic watchers (by autorepeat or calling again): O(log skipped_other_timers)" 4
+.IX Item "Changing timer/periodic watchers (by autorepeat or calling again): O(log skipped_other_timers)"
+That means that changing a timer costs less than removing/adding them
+as only the relative motion in the event queue has to be paid for.
+.IP "Starting io/check/prepare/idle/signal/child/fork/async watchers: O(1)" 4
+.IX Item "Starting io/check/prepare/idle/signal/child/fork/async watchers: O(1)"
+These just add the watcher into an array or at the head of a list.
+.IP "Stopping check/prepare/idle/fork/async watchers: O(1)" 4
+.IX Item "Stopping check/prepare/idle/fork/async watchers: O(1)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "Stopping an io/signal/child watcher: O(number_of_watchers_for_this_(fd/signal/pid % \s-1EV_PID_HASHSIZE\s0))" 4
+.IX Item "Stopping an io/signal/child watcher: O(number_of_watchers_for_this_(fd/signal/pid % EV_PID_HASHSIZE))"
+.PD
+These watchers are stored in lists then need to be walked to find the
+correct watcher to remove. The lists are usually short (you don't usually
+have many watchers waiting for the same fd or signal).
+.IP "Finding the next timer in each loop iteration: O(1)" 4
+.IX Item "Finding the next timer in each loop iteration: O(1)"
+By virtue of using a binary or 4\-heap, the next timer is always found at a
+fixed position in the storage array.
+.IP "Each change on a file descriptor per loop iteration: O(number_of_watchers_for_this_fd)" 4
+.IX Item "Each change on a file descriptor per loop iteration: O(number_of_watchers_for_this_fd)"
+A change means an I/O watcher gets started or stopped, which requires
+libev to recalculate its status (and possibly tell the kernel, depending
+on backend and wether \f(CW\*(C`ev_io_set\*(C'\fR was used).
+.IP "Activating one watcher (putting it into the pending state): O(1)" 4
+.IX Item "Activating one watcher (putting it into the pending state): O(1)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "Priority handling: O(number_of_priorities)" 4
+.IX Item "Priority handling: O(number_of_priorities)"
+.PD
+Priorities are implemented by allocating some space for each
+priority. When doing priority-based operations, libev usually has to
+linearly search all the priorities, but starting/stopping and activating
+watchers becomes O(1) w.r.t. priority handling.
+.IP "Sending an ev_async: O(1)" 4
+.IX Item "Sending an ev_async: O(1)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "Processing ev_async_send: O(number_of_async_watchers)" 4
+.IX Item "Processing ev_async_send: O(number_of_async_watchers)"
+.IP "Processing signals: O(max_signal_number)" 4
+.IX Item "Processing signals: O(max_signal_number)"
+.PD
+Sending involves a syscall \fIiff\fR there were no other \f(CW\*(C`ev_async_send\*(C'\fR
+calls in the current loop iteration. Checking for async and signal events
+involves iterating over all running async watchers or all signal numbers.
+.SH "Win32 platform limitations and workarounds"
+.IX Header "Win32 platform limitations and workarounds"
+Win32 doesn't support any of the standards (e.g. \s-1POSIX\s0) that libev
+requires, and its I/O model is fundamentally incompatible with the \s-1POSIX\s0
+model. Libev still offers limited functionality on this platform in
+the form of the \f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_SELECT\*(C'\fR backend, and only supports socket
+descriptors. This only applies when using Win32 natively, not when using
+e.g. cygwin.
+.PP
+Lifting these limitations would basically require the full
+re-implementation of the I/O system. If you are into these kinds of
+things, then note that glib does exactly that for you in a very portable
+way (note also that glib is the slowest event library known to man).
+.PP
+There is no supported compilation method available on windows except
+embedding it into other applications.
+.PP
+Due to the many, low, and arbitrary limits on the win32 platform and
+the abysmal performance of winsockets, using a large number of sockets
+is not recommended (and not reasonable). If your program needs to use
+more than a hundred or so sockets, then likely it needs to use a totally
+different implementation for windows, as libev offers the \s-1POSIX\s0 readyness
+notification model, which cannot be implemented efficiently on windows
+(microsoft monopoly games).
+.IP "The winsocket select function" 4
+.IX Item "The winsocket select function"
+The winsocket \f(CW\*(C`select\*(C'\fR function doesn't follow \s-1POSIX\s0 in that it requires
+socket \fIhandles\fR and not socket \fIfile descriptors\fR. This makes select
+very inefficient, and also requires a mapping from file descriptors
+to socket handles. See the discussion of the \f(CW\*(C`EV_SELECT_USE_FD_SET\*(C'\fR,
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE\*(C'\fR preprocessor
+symbols for more info.
+.Sp
+The configuration for a \*(L"naked\*(R" win32 using the microsoft runtime
+libraries and raw winsocket select is:
+.Sp
+.Vb 2
+\& #define EV_USE_SELECT 1
+\& #define EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET 1 /* forces EV_SELECT_USE_FD_SET, too */
+.Ve
+.Sp
+Note that winsockets handling of fd sets is O(n), so you can easily get a
+complexity in the O(nA\*^X) range when using win32.
+.IP "Limited number of file descriptors" 4
+.IX Item "Limited number of file descriptors"
+Windows has numerous arbitrary (and low) limits on things.
+.Sp
+Early versions of winsocket's select only supported waiting for a maximum
+of \f(CW64\fR handles (probably owning to the fact that all windows kernels
+can only wait for \f(CW64\fR things at the same time internally; microsoft
+recommends spawning a chain of threads and wait for 63 handles and the
+previous thread in each. Great).
+.Sp
+Newer versions support more handles, but you need to define \f(CW\*(C`FD_SETSIZE\*(C'\fR
+to some high number (e.g. \f(CW2048\fR) before compiling the winsocket select
+call (which might be in libev or elsewhere, for example, perl does its own
+select emulation on windows).
+.Sp
+Another limit is the number of file descriptors in the microsoft runtime
+libraries, which by default is \f(CW64\fR (there must be a hidden \fI64\fR fetish
+or something like this inside microsoft). You can increase this by calling
+\&\f(CW\*(C`_setmaxstdio\*(C'\fR, which can increase this limit to \f(CW2048\fR (another
+arbitrary limit), but is broken in many versions of the microsoft runtime
+libraries.
+.Sp
+This might get you to about \f(CW512\fR or \f(CW2048\fR sockets (depending on
+windows version and/or the phase of the moon). To get more, you need to
+wrap all I/O functions and provide your own fd management, but the cost of
+calling select (O(nA\*^X)) will likely make this unworkable.
+.SH "PORTABILITY REQUIREMENTS"
+.IX Header "PORTABILITY REQUIREMENTS"
+In addition to a working ISO-C implementation, libev relies on a few
+additional extensions:
+.ie n .IP """sig_atomic_t volatile"" must be thread-atomic as well" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWsig_atomic_t volatile\fR must be thread-atomic as well" 4
+.IX Item "sig_atomic_t volatile must be thread-atomic as well"
+The type \f(CW\*(C`sig_atomic_t volatile\*(C'\fR (or whatever is defined as
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EV_ATOMIC_T\*(C'\fR) must be atomic w.r.t. accesses from different
+threads. This is not part of the specification for \f(CW\*(C`sig_atomic_t\*(C'\fR, but is
+believed to be sufficiently portable.
+.ie n .IP """sigprocmask"" must work in a threaded environment" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWsigprocmask\fR must work in a threaded environment" 4
+.IX Item "sigprocmask must work in a threaded environment"
+Libev uses \f(CW\*(C`sigprocmask\*(C'\fR to temporarily block signals. This is not
+allowed in a threaded program (\f(CW\*(C`pthread_sigmask\*(C'\fR has to be used). Typical
+pthread implementations will either allow \f(CW\*(C`sigprocmask\*(C'\fR in the \*(L"main
+thread\*(R" or will block signals process-wide, both behaviours would
+be compatible with libev. Interaction between \f(CW\*(C`sigprocmask\*(C'\fR and
+\&\f(CW\*(C`pthread_sigmask\*(C'\fR could complicate things, however.
+.Sp
+The most portable way to handle signals is to block signals in all threads
+except the initial one, and run the default loop in the initial thread as
+well.
+.ie n .IP """long"" must be large enough for common memory allocation sizes" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWlong\fR must be large enough for common memory allocation sizes" 4
+.IX Item "long must be large enough for common memory allocation sizes"
+To improve portability and simplify using libev, libev uses \f(CW\*(C`long\*(C'\fR
+internally instead of \f(CW\*(C`size_t\*(C'\fR when allocating its data structures. On
+non-POSIX systems (Microsoft...) this might be unexpectedly low, but
+is still at least 31 bits everywhere, which is enough for hundreds of
+millions of watchers.
+.ie n .IP """double"" must hold a time value in seconds with enough accuracy" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWdouble\fR must hold a time value in seconds with enough accuracy" 4
+.IX Item "double must hold a time value in seconds with enough accuracy"
+The type \f(CW\*(C`double\*(C'\fR is used to represent timestamps. It is required to
+have at least 51 bits of mantissa (and 9 bits of exponent), which is good
+enough for at least into the year 4000. This requirement is fulfilled by
+implementations implementing \s-1IEEE\s0 754 (basically all existing ones).
+.PP
+If you know of other additional requirements drop me a note.
+.SH "AUTHOR"
+.IX Header "AUTHOR"
+Marc Lehmann <libev@schmorp.de>.
+.SH "POD ERRORS"
+.IX Header "POD ERRORS"
+Hey! \fBThe above document had some coding errors, which are explained below:\fR
+.IP "Around line 3052:" 4
+.IX Item "Around line 3052:"
+You forgot a '=back' before '=head2'
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * libeio implementation
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007,2008 Marc Alexander Lehmann <libeio@schmorp.de>
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modifica-
+ * tion, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
+ * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MER-
+ * CHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
+ * EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPE-
+ * CIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+ * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
+ * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
+ * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTH-
+ * ERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
+ * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of
+ * the GNU General Public License ("GPL") version 2 or any later version,
+ * in which case the provisions of the GPL are applicable instead of
+ * the above. If you wish to allow the use of your version of this file
+ * only under the terms of the GPL and not to allow others to use your
+ * version of this file under the BSD license, indicate your decision
+ * by deleting the provisions above and replace them with the notice
+ * and other provisions required by the GPL. If you do not delete the
+ * provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this file under
+ * either the BSD or the GPL.
+ */
+
+#include "eio.h"
+#include "xthread.h"
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+
+#ifndef EIO_FINISH
+# define EIO_FINISH(req) ((req)->finish) && !EIO_CANCELLED (req) ? (req)->finish (req) : 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EIO_DESTROY
+# define EIO_DESTROY(req) do { if ((req)->destroy) (req)->destroy (req); } while (0)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EIO_FEED
+# define EIO_FEED(req) do { if ((req)->feed ) (req)->feed (req); } while (0)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+
+ /*doh*/
+
+#else
+
+# include "config.h"
+# include <sys/time.h>
+# include <sys/select.h>
+# include <unistd.h>
+# include <utime.h>
+# include <signal.h>
+# include <dirent.h>
+
+# ifndef EIO_STRUCT_DIRENT
+# define EIO_STRUCT_DIRENT struct dirent
+# endif
+
+#endif
+
+#if HAVE_SENDFILE
+# if __linux
+# include <sys/sendfile.h>
+# elif __freebsd
+# include <sys/socket.h>
+# include <sys/uio.h>
+# elif __hpux
+# include <sys/socket.h>
+# elif __solaris /* not yet */
+# include <sys/sendfile.h>
+# else
+# error sendfile support requested but not available
+# endif
+#endif
+
+/* number of seconds after which an idle threads exit */
+#define IDLE_TIMEOUT 10
+
+/* used for struct dirent, AIX doesn't provide it */
+#ifndef NAME_MAX
+# define NAME_MAX 4096
+#endif
+
+/* buffer size for various temporary buffers */
+#define EIO_BUFSIZE 65536
+
+#define dBUF \
+ char *eio_buf; \
+ ETP_WORKER_LOCK (self); \
+ self->dbuf = eio_buf = malloc (EIO_BUFSIZE); \
+ ETP_WORKER_UNLOCK (self); \
+ errno = ENOMEM; \
+ if (!eio_buf) \
+ return -1;
+
+#define EIO_TICKS ((1000000 + 1023) >> 10)
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+#if __GNUC__ >= 3
+# define expect(expr,value) __builtin_expect ((expr),(value))
+#else
+# define expect(expr,value) (expr)
+#endif
+
+#define expect_false(expr) expect ((expr) != 0, 0)
+#define expect_true(expr) expect ((expr) != 0, 1)
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+#define ETP_PRI_MIN EIO_PRI_MIN
+#define ETP_PRI_MAX EIO_PRI_MAX
+
+struct etp_worker;
+
+#define ETP_REQ eio_req
+#define ETP_DESTROY(req) eio_destroy (req)
+static int eio_finish (eio_req *req);
+#define ETP_FINISH(req) eio_finish (req)
+static void eio_execute (struct etp_worker *self, eio_req *req);
+#define ETP_EXECUTE(wrk,req) eio_execute (wrk,req)
+
+#define ETP_WORKER_CLEAR(req) \
+ if (wrk->dbuf) \
+ { \
+ free (wrk->dbuf); \
+ wrk->dbuf = 0; \
+ } \
+ \
+ if (wrk->dirp) \
+ { \
+ closedir (wrk->dirp); \
+ wrk->dirp = 0; \
+ }
+#define ETP_WORKER_COMMON \
+ void *dbuf; \
+ DIR *dirp;
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+#define ETP_NUM_PRI (ETP_PRI_MAX - ETP_PRI_MIN + 1)
+
+/* calculcate time difference in ~1/EIO_TICKS of a second */
+static int tvdiff (struct timeval *tv1, struct timeval *tv2)
+{
+ return (tv2->tv_sec - tv1->tv_sec ) * EIO_TICKS
+ + ((tv2->tv_usec - tv1->tv_usec) >> 10);
+}
+
+static unsigned int started, idle, wanted = 4;
+
+static void (*want_poll_cb) (void);
+static void (*done_poll_cb) (void);
+
+static unsigned int max_poll_time; /* reslock */
+static unsigned int max_poll_reqs; /* reslock */
+
+static volatile unsigned int nreqs; /* reqlock */
+static volatile unsigned int nready; /* reqlock */
+static volatile unsigned int npending; /* reqlock */
+static volatile unsigned int max_idle = 4;
+
+static mutex_t wrklock = X_MUTEX_INIT;
+static mutex_t reslock = X_MUTEX_INIT;
+static mutex_t reqlock = X_MUTEX_INIT;
+static cond_t reqwait = X_COND_INIT;
+
+#if !HAVE_PREADWRITE
+/*
+ * make our pread/pwrite emulation safe against themselves, but not against
+ * normal read/write by using a mutex. slows down execution a lot,
+ * but that's your problem, not mine.
+ */
+static mutex_t preadwritelock = X_MUTEX_INIT;
+#endif
+
+typedef struct etp_worker
+{
+ /* locked by wrklock */
+ struct etp_worker *prev, *next;
+
+ thread_t tid;
+
+ /* locked by reslock, reqlock or wrklock */
+ ETP_REQ *req; /* currently processed request */
+
+ ETP_WORKER_COMMON
+} etp_worker;
+
+static etp_worker wrk_first = { &wrk_first, &wrk_first, 0 }; /* NOT etp */
+
+#define ETP_WORKER_LOCK(wrk) X_LOCK (wrklock)
+#define ETP_WORKER_UNLOCK(wrk) X_UNLOCK (wrklock)
+
+/* worker threads management */
+
+static void etp_worker_clear (etp_worker *wrk)
+{
+ ETP_WORKER_CLEAR (wrk);
+}
+
+static void etp_worker_free (etp_worker *wrk)
+{
+ wrk->next->prev = wrk->prev;
+ wrk->prev->next = wrk->next;
+
+ free (wrk);
+}
+
+static unsigned int etp_nreqs (void)
+{
+ int retval;
+ if (WORDACCESS_UNSAFE) X_LOCK (reqlock);
+ retval = nreqs;
+ if (WORDACCESS_UNSAFE) X_UNLOCK (reqlock);
+ return retval;
+}
+
+static unsigned int etp_nready (void)
+{
+ unsigned int retval;
+
+ if (WORDACCESS_UNSAFE) X_LOCK (reqlock);
+ retval = nready;
+ if (WORDACCESS_UNSAFE) X_UNLOCK (reqlock);
+
+ return retval;
+}
+
+static unsigned int etp_npending (void)
+{
+ unsigned int retval;
+
+ if (WORDACCESS_UNSAFE) X_LOCK (reqlock);
+ retval = npending;
+ if (WORDACCESS_UNSAFE) X_UNLOCK (reqlock);
+
+ return retval;
+}
+
+static unsigned int etp_nthreads (void)
+{
+ unsigned int retval;
+
+ if (WORDACCESS_UNSAFE) X_LOCK (reqlock);
+ retval = started;
+ if (WORDACCESS_UNSAFE) X_UNLOCK (reqlock);
+
+ return retval;
+}
+
+/*
+ * a somewhat faster data structure might be nice, but
+ * with 8 priorities this actually needs <20 insns
+ * per shift, the most expensive operation.
+ */
+typedef struct {
+ ETP_REQ *qs[ETP_NUM_PRI], *qe[ETP_NUM_PRI]; /* qstart, qend */
+ int size;
+} etp_reqq;
+
+static etp_reqq req_queue;
+static etp_reqq res_queue;
+
+static int reqq_push (etp_reqq *q, ETP_REQ *req)
+{
+ int pri = req->pri;
+ req->next = 0;
+
+ if (q->qe[pri])
+ {
+ q->qe[pri]->next = req;
+ q->qe[pri] = req;
+ }
+ else
+ q->qe[pri] = q->qs[pri] = req;
+
+ return q->size++;
+}
+
+static ETP_REQ *reqq_shift (etp_reqq *q)
+{
+ int pri;
+
+ if (!q->size)
+ return 0;
+
+ --q->size;
+
+ for (pri = ETP_NUM_PRI; pri--; )
+ {
+ eio_req *req = q->qs[pri];
+
+ if (req)
+ {
+ if (!(q->qs[pri] = (eio_req *)req->next))
+ q->qe[pri] = 0;
+
+ return req;
+ }
+ }
+
+ abort ();
+}
+
+static void etp_atfork_prepare (void)
+{
+ X_LOCK (wrklock);
+ X_LOCK (reqlock);
+ X_LOCK (reslock);
+#if !HAVE_PREADWRITE
+ X_LOCK (preadwritelock);
+#endif
+}
+
+static void etp_atfork_parent (void)
+{
+#if !HAVE_PREADWRITE
+ X_UNLOCK (preadwritelock);
+#endif
+ X_UNLOCK (reslock);
+ X_UNLOCK (reqlock);
+ X_UNLOCK (wrklock);
+}
+
+static void etp_atfork_child (void)
+{
+ ETP_REQ *prv;
+
+ while ((prv = reqq_shift (&req_queue)))
+ ETP_DESTROY (prv);
+
+ while ((prv = reqq_shift (&res_queue)))
+ ETP_DESTROY (prv);
+
+ while (wrk_first.next != &wrk_first)
+ {
+ etp_worker *wrk = wrk_first.next;
+
+ if (wrk->req)
+ ETP_DESTROY (wrk->req);
+
+ etp_worker_clear (wrk);
+ etp_worker_free (wrk);
+ }
+
+ started = 0;
+ idle = 0;
+ nreqs = 0;
+ nready = 0;
+ npending = 0;
+
+ etp_atfork_parent ();
+}
+
+static void
+etp_once_init (void)
+{
+ X_THREAD_ATFORK (etp_atfork_prepare, etp_atfork_parent, etp_atfork_child);
+}
+
+static int
+etp_init (void (*want_poll)(void), void (*done_poll)(void))
+{
+ static pthread_once_t doinit = PTHREAD_ONCE_INIT;
+
+ pthread_once (&doinit, etp_once_init);
+
+ want_poll_cb = want_poll;
+ done_poll_cb = done_poll;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+X_THREAD_PROC (etp_proc);
+
+static void etp_start_thread (void)
+{
+ etp_worker *wrk = calloc (1, sizeof (etp_worker));
+
+ /*TODO*/
+ assert (("unable to allocate worker thread data", wrk));
+
+ X_LOCK (wrklock);
+
+ if (thread_create (&wrk->tid, etp_proc, (void *)wrk))
+ {
+ wrk->prev = &wrk_first;
+ wrk->next = wrk_first.next;
+ wrk_first.next->prev = wrk;
+ wrk_first.next = wrk;
+ ++started;
+ }
+ else
+ free (wrk);
+
+ X_UNLOCK (wrklock);
+}
+
+static void etp_maybe_start_thread (void)
+{
+ if (expect_true (etp_nthreads () >= wanted))
+ return;
+
+ /* todo: maybe use idle here, but might be less exact */
+ if (expect_true (0 <= (int)etp_nthreads () + (int)etp_npending () - (int)etp_nreqs ()))
+ return;
+
+ etp_start_thread ();
+}
+
+static void etp_end_thread (void)
+{
+ eio_req *req = calloc (1, sizeof (eio_req));
+
+ req->type = -1;
+ req->pri = ETP_PRI_MAX - ETP_PRI_MIN;
+
+ X_LOCK (reqlock);
+ reqq_push (&req_queue, req);
+ X_COND_SIGNAL (reqwait);
+ X_UNLOCK (reqlock);
+
+ X_LOCK (wrklock);
+ --started;
+ X_UNLOCK (wrklock);
+}
+
+static int etp_poll (void)
+{
+ unsigned int maxreqs;
+ unsigned int maxtime;
+ struct timeval tv_start, tv_now;
+
+ X_LOCK (reslock);
+ maxreqs = max_poll_reqs;
+ maxtime = max_poll_time;
+ X_UNLOCK (reslock);
+
+ if (maxtime)
+ gettimeofday (&tv_start, 0);
+
+ for (;;)
+ {
+ ETP_REQ *req;
+
+ etp_maybe_start_thread ();
+
+ X_LOCK (reslock);
+ req = reqq_shift (&res_queue);
+
+ if (req)
+ {
+ --npending;
+
+ if (!res_queue.size && done_poll_cb)
+ done_poll_cb ();
+ }
+
+ X_UNLOCK (reslock);
+
+ if (!req)
+ return 0;
+
+ X_LOCK (reqlock);
+ --nreqs;
+ X_UNLOCK (reqlock);
+
+ if (expect_false (req->type == EIO_GROUP && req->size))
+ {
+ req->int1 = 1; /* mark request as delayed */
+ continue;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ int res = ETP_FINISH (req);
+ if (expect_false (res))
+ return res;
+ }
+
+ if (expect_false (maxreqs && !--maxreqs))
+ break;
+
+ if (maxtime)
+ {
+ gettimeofday (&tv_now, 0);
+
+ if (tvdiff (&tv_start, &tv_now) >= maxtime)
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ errno = EAGAIN;
+ return -1;
+}
+
+static void etp_cancel (ETP_REQ *req)
+{
+ X_LOCK (wrklock);
+ req->flags |= EIO_FLAG_CANCELLED;
+ X_UNLOCK (wrklock);
+
+ eio_grp_cancel (req);
+}
+
+static void etp_submit (ETP_REQ *req)
+{
+ req->pri -= ETP_PRI_MIN;
+
+ if (expect_false (req->pri < ETP_PRI_MIN - ETP_PRI_MIN)) req->pri = ETP_PRI_MIN - ETP_PRI_MIN;
+ if (expect_false (req->pri > ETP_PRI_MAX - ETP_PRI_MIN)) req->pri = ETP_PRI_MAX - ETP_PRI_MIN;
+
+ if (expect_false (req->type == EIO_GROUP))
+ {
+ /* I hope this is worth it :/ */
+ X_LOCK (reqlock);
+ ++nreqs;
+ X_UNLOCK (reqlock);
+
+ X_LOCK (reslock);
+
+ ++npending;
+
+ if (!reqq_push (&res_queue, req) && want_poll_cb)
+ want_poll_cb ();
+
+ X_UNLOCK (reslock);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ X_LOCK (reqlock);
+ ++nreqs;
+ ++nready;
+ reqq_push (&req_queue, req);
+ X_COND_SIGNAL (reqwait);
+ X_UNLOCK (reqlock);
+
+ etp_maybe_start_thread ();
+ }
+}
+
+static void etp_set_max_poll_time (double nseconds)
+{
+ if (WORDACCESS_UNSAFE) X_LOCK (reslock);
+ max_poll_time = nseconds;
+ if (WORDACCESS_UNSAFE) X_UNLOCK (reslock);
+}
+
+static void etp_set_max_poll_reqs (unsigned int maxreqs)
+{
+ if (WORDACCESS_UNSAFE) X_LOCK (reslock);
+ max_poll_reqs = maxreqs;
+ if (WORDACCESS_UNSAFE) X_UNLOCK (reslock);
+}
+
+static void etp_set_max_idle (unsigned int nthreads)
+{
+ if (WORDACCESS_UNSAFE) X_LOCK (reqlock);
+ max_idle = nthreads <= 0 ? 1 : nthreads;
+ if (WORDACCESS_UNSAFE) X_UNLOCK (reqlock);
+}
+
+static void etp_set_min_parallel (unsigned int nthreads)
+{
+ if (wanted < nthreads)
+ wanted = nthreads;
+}
+
+static void etp_set_max_parallel (unsigned int nthreads)
+{
+ if (wanted > nthreads)
+ wanted = nthreads;
+
+ while (started > wanted)
+ etp_end_thread ();
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+static void grp_try_feed (eio_req *grp)
+{
+ while (grp->size < grp->int2 && !EIO_CANCELLED (grp))
+ {
+ grp->flags &= ~EIO_FLAG_GROUPADD;
+
+ EIO_FEED (grp);
+
+ /* stop if no progress has been made */
+ if (!(grp->flags & EIO_FLAG_GROUPADD))
+ {
+ grp->feed = 0;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+static int grp_dec (eio_req *grp)
+{
+ --grp->size;
+
+ /* call feeder, if applicable */
+ grp_try_feed (grp);
+
+ /* finish, if done */
+ if (!grp->size && grp->int1)
+ return eio_finish (grp);
+ else
+ return 0;
+}
+
+void eio_destroy (eio_req *req)
+{
+ if ((req)->flags & EIO_FLAG_PTR1_FREE) free (req->ptr1);
+ if ((req)->flags & EIO_FLAG_PTR2_FREE) free (req->ptr2);
+
+ EIO_DESTROY (req);
+}
+
+static int eio_finish (eio_req *req)
+{
+ int res = EIO_FINISH (req);
+
+ if (req->grp)
+ {
+ int res2;
+ eio_req *grp = req->grp;
+
+ /* unlink request */
+ if (req->grp_next) req->grp_next->grp_prev = req->grp_prev;
+ if (req->grp_prev) req->grp_prev->grp_next = req->grp_next;
+
+ if (grp->grp_first == req)
+ grp->grp_first = req->grp_next;
+
+ res2 = grp_dec (grp);
+
+ if (!res && res2)
+ res = res2;
+ }
+
+ eio_destroy (req);
+
+ return res;
+}
+
+void eio_grp_cancel (eio_req *grp)
+{
+ for (grp = grp->grp_first; grp; grp = grp->grp_next)
+ eio_cancel (grp);
+}
+
+void eio_cancel (eio_req *req)
+{
+ etp_cancel (req);
+}
+
+void eio_submit (eio_req *req)
+{
+ etp_submit (req);
+}
+
+unsigned int eio_nreqs (void)
+{
+ return etp_nreqs ();
+}
+
+unsigned int eio_nready (void)
+{
+ return etp_nready ();
+}
+
+unsigned int eio_npending (void)
+{
+ return etp_npending ();
+}
+
+unsigned int eio_nthreads (void)
+{
+ return etp_nthreads ();
+}
+
+void eio_set_max_poll_time (double nseconds)
+{
+ etp_set_max_poll_time (nseconds);
+}
+
+void eio_set_max_poll_reqs (unsigned int maxreqs)
+{
+ etp_set_max_poll_reqs (maxreqs);
+}
+
+void eio_set_max_idle (unsigned int nthreads)
+{
+ etp_set_max_idle (nthreads);
+}
+
+void eio_set_min_parallel (unsigned int nthreads)
+{
+ etp_set_min_parallel (nthreads);
+}
+
+void eio_set_max_parallel (unsigned int nthreads)
+{
+ etp_set_max_parallel (nthreads);
+}
+
+int eio_poll (void)
+{
+ return etp_poll ();
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+/* work around various missing functions */
+
+#if !HAVE_PREADWRITE
+# undef pread
+# undef pwrite
+# define pread eio__pread
+# define pwrite eio__pwrite
+
+static ssize_t
+eio__pread (int fd, void *buf, size_t count, off_t offset)
+{
+ ssize_t res;
+ off_t ooffset;
+
+ X_LOCK (preadwritelock);
+ ooffset = lseek (fd, 0, SEEK_CUR);
+ lseek (fd, offset, SEEK_SET);
+ res = read (fd, buf, count);
+ lseek (fd, ooffset, SEEK_SET);
+ X_UNLOCK (preadwritelock);
+
+ return res;
+}
+
+static ssize_t
+eio__pwrite (int fd, void *buf, size_t count, off_t offset)
+{
+ ssize_t res;
+ off_t ooffset;
+
+ X_LOCK (preadwritelock);
+ ooffset = lseek (fd, 0, SEEK_CUR);
+ lseek (fd, offset, SEEK_SET);
+ res = write (fd, buf, count);
+ lseek (fd, offset, SEEK_SET);
+ X_UNLOCK (preadwritelock);
+
+ return res;
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_FUTIMES
+
+# undef utimes
+# undef futimes
+# define utimes(path,times) eio__utimes (path, times)
+# define futimes(fd,times) eio__futimes (fd, times)
+
+static int
+eio__utimes (const char *filename, const struct timeval times[2])
+{
+ if (times)
+ {
+ struct utimbuf buf;
+
+ buf.actime = times[0].tv_sec;
+ buf.modtime = times[1].tv_sec;
+
+ return utime (filename, &buf);
+ }
+ else
+ return utime (filename, 0);
+}
+
+static int eio__futimes (int fd, const struct timeval tv[2])
+{
+ errno = ENOSYS;
+ return -1;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+#if !HAVE_FDATASYNC
+# undef fdatasync
+# define fdatasync(fd) fsync (fd)
+#endif
+
+/* sync_file_range always needs emulation */
+int
+eio__sync_file_range (int fd, off_t offset, size_t nbytes, unsigned int flags)
+{
+#if HAVE_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
+ int res;
+
+ if (EIO_SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE != SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE
+ || EIO_SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE != SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE
+ || EIO_SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER != SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER)
+ {
+ flags = 0
+ | (flags & EIO_SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE ? SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE : 0)
+ | (flags & EIO_SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE ? SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE : 0)
+ | (flags & EIO_SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER ? SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER : 0);
+ }
+
+ res = sync_file_range (fd, offset, nbytes, flags);
+
+ if (!res || errno != ENOSYS)
+ return res;
+#endif
+
+ /* even though we could play tricks with the flags, it's better to always
+ * call fdatasync, as thta matches the expectation of it's users best */
+ return fdatasync (fd);
+}
+
+#if !HAVE_READAHEAD
+# undef readahead
+# define readahead(fd,offset,count) eio__readahead (fd, offset, count, self)
+
+static ssize_t
+eio__readahead (int fd, off_t offset, size_t count, etp_worker *self)
+{
+ size_t todo = count;
+ dBUF;
+
+ while (todo > 0)
+ {
+ size_t len = todo < EIO_BUFSIZE ? todo : EIO_BUFSIZE;
+
+ pread (fd, eio_buf, len, offset);
+ offset += len;
+ todo -= len;
+ }
+
+ errno = 0;
+ return count;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+/* sendfile always needs emulation */
+static ssize_t
+eio__sendfile (int ofd, int ifd, off_t offset, size_t count, etp_worker *self)
+{
+ ssize_t res;
+
+ if (!count)
+ return 0;
+
+#if HAVE_SENDFILE
+# if __linux
+ res = sendfile (ofd, ifd, &offset, count);
+
+# elif __freebsd
+ /*
+ * Of course, the freebsd sendfile is a dire hack with no thoughts
+ * wasted on making it similar to other I/O functions.
+ */
+ {
+ off_t sbytes;
+ res = sendfile (ifd, ofd, offset, count, 0, &sbytes, 0);
+
+ if (res < 0 && sbytes)
+ /* maybe only on EAGAIN: as usual, the manpage leaves you guessing */
+ res = sbytes;
+ }
+
+# elif __hpux
+ res = sendfile (ofd, ifd, offset, count, 0, 0);
+
+# elif __solaris
+ {
+ struct sendfilevec vec;
+ size_t sbytes;
+
+ vec.sfv_fd = ifd;
+ vec.sfv_flag = 0;
+ vec.sfv_off = offset;
+ vec.sfv_len = count;
+
+ res = sendfilev (ofd, &vec, 1, &sbytes);
+
+ if (res < 0 && sbytes)
+ res = sbytes;
+ }
+
+# endif
+#else
+ res = -1;
+ errno = ENOSYS;
+#endif
+
+ if (res < 0
+ && (errno == ENOSYS || errno == EINVAL || errno == ENOTSOCK
+#if __solaris
+ || errno == EAFNOSUPPORT || errno == EPROTOTYPE
+#endif
+ )
+ )
+ {
+ /* emulate sendfile. this is a major pain in the ass */
+ dBUF;
+
+ res = 0;
+
+ while (count)
+ {
+ ssize_t cnt;
+
+ cnt = pread (ifd, eio_buf, count > EIO_BUFSIZE ? EIO_BUFSIZE : count, offset);
+
+ if (cnt <= 0)
+ {
+ if (cnt && !res) res = -1;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ cnt = write (ofd, eio_buf, cnt);
+
+ if (cnt <= 0)
+ {
+ if (cnt && !res) res = -1;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ offset += cnt;
+ res += cnt;
+ count -= cnt;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return res;
+}
+
+/* read a full directory */
+static void
+eio__scandir (eio_req *req, etp_worker *self)
+{
+ DIR *dirp;
+ EIO_STRUCT_DIRENT *entp;
+ char *name, *names;
+ int memlen = 4096;
+ int memofs = 0;
+ int res = 0;
+
+ X_LOCK (wrklock);
+ /* the corresponding closedir is in ETP_WORKER_CLEAR */
+ self->dirp = dirp = opendir (req->ptr1);
+ req->flags |= EIO_FLAG_PTR2_FREE;
+ req->ptr2 = names = malloc (memlen);
+ X_UNLOCK (wrklock);
+
+ if (dirp && names)
+ for (;;)
+ {
+ errno = 0;
+ entp = readdir (dirp);
+
+ if (!entp)
+ break;
+
+ name = entp->d_name;
+
+ if (name [0] != '.' || (name [1] && (name [1] != '.' || name [2])))
+ {
+ int len = strlen (name) + 1;
+
+ res++;
+
+ while (memofs + len > memlen)
+ {
+ memlen *= 2;
+ X_LOCK (wrklock);
+ req->ptr2 = names = realloc (names, memlen);
+ X_UNLOCK (wrklock);
+
+ if (!names)
+ break;
+ }
+
+ memcpy (names + memofs, name, len);
+ memofs += len;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (errno)
+ res = -1;
+
+ req->result = res;
+}
+
+#if !(_POSIX_MAPPED_FILES && _POSIX_SYNCHRONIZED_IO)
+# undef msync
+# define msync(a,b,c) ((errno = ENOSYS), -1)
+#endif
+
+int
+eio__mtouch (void *mem, size_t len, int flags)
+{
+ intptr_t addr = (intptr_t)mem;
+ intptr_t end = addr + len;
+#ifdef PAGESIZE
+ const intptr_t page = PAGESIZE;
+#else
+ static intptr_t page;
+
+ if (!page)
+ page = sysconf (_SC_PAGESIZE);
+#endif
+
+ addr &= ~(page - 1); /* assume page size is always a power of two */
+
+ if (addr < end)
+ if (flags) /* modify */
+ do { *((volatile sig_atomic_t *)addr) |= 0; } while ((addr += page) < len);
+ else
+ do { *((volatile sig_atomic_t *)addr) ; } while ((addr += page) < len);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+#define ALLOC(len) \
+ if (!req->ptr2) \
+ { \
+ X_LOCK (wrklock); \
+ req->flags |= EIO_FLAG_PTR2_FREE; \
+ X_UNLOCK (wrklock); \
+ req->ptr2 = malloc (len); \
+ if (!req->ptr2) \
+ { \
+ errno = ENOMEM; \
+ req->result = -1; \
+ break; \
+ } \
+ }
+
+X_THREAD_PROC (etp_proc)
+{
+ ETP_REQ *req;
+ struct timespec ts;
+ etp_worker *self = (etp_worker *)thr_arg;
+
+ /* try to distribute timeouts somewhat randomly */
+ ts.tv_nsec = ((unsigned long)self & 1023UL) * (1000000000UL / 1024UL);
+
+ for (;;)
+ {
+ X_LOCK (reqlock);
+
+ for (;;)
+ {
+ self->req = req = reqq_shift (&req_queue);
+
+ if (req)
+ break;
+
+ ++idle;
+
+ ts.tv_sec = time (0) + IDLE_TIMEOUT;
+ if (X_COND_TIMEDWAIT (reqwait, reqlock, ts) == ETIMEDOUT)
+ {
+ if (idle > max_idle)
+ {
+ --idle;
+ X_UNLOCK (reqlock);
+ X_LOCK (wrklock);
+ --started;
+ X_UNLOCK (wrklock);
+ goto quit;
+ }
+
+ /* we are allowed to idle, so do so without any timeout */
+ X_COND_WAIT (reqwait, reqlock);
+ }
+
+ --idle;
+ }
+
+ --nready;
+
+ X_UNLOCK (reqlock);
+
+ if (req->type < 0)
+ goto quit;
+
+ if (!EIO_CANCELLED (req))
+ ETP_EXECUTE (self, req);
+
+ X_LOCK (reslock);
+
+ ++npending;
+
+ if (!reqq_push (&res_queue, req) && want_poll_cb)
+ want_poll_cb ();
+
+ self->req = 0;
+ etp_worker_clear (self);
+
+ X_UNLOCK (reslock);
+ }
+
+quit:
+ X_LOCK (wrklock);
+ etp_worker_free (self);
+ X_UNLOCK (wrklock);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+int eio_init (void (*want_poll)(void), void (*done_poll)(void))
+{
+ return etp_init (want_poll, done_poll);
+}
+
+static void eio_api_destroy (eio_req *req)
+{
+ free (req);
+}
+
+#define REQ(rtype) \
+ eio_req *req; \
+ \
+ req = (eio_req *)calloc (1, sizeof *req); \
+ if (!req) \
+ return 0; \
+ \
+ req->type = rtype; \
+ req->pri = pri; \
+ req->finish = cb; \
+ req->data = data; \
+ req->destroy = eio_api_destroy;
+
+#define SEND eio_submit (req); return req
+
+#define PATH \
+ req->flags |= EIO_FLAG_PTR1_FREE; \
+ req->ptr1 = strdup (path); \
+ if (!req->ptr1) \
+ { \
+ eio_api_destroy (req); \
+ return 0; \
+ }
+
+static void eio_execute (etp_worker *self, eio_req *req)
+{
+ errno = 0;
+
+ switch (req->type)
+ {
+ case EIO_READ: ALLOC (req->size);
+ req->result = req->offs >= 0
+ ? pread (req->int1, req->ptr2, req->size, req->offs)
+ : read (req->int1, req->ptr2, req->size); break;
+ case EIO_WRITE: req->result = req->offs >= 0
+ ? pwrite (req->int1, req->ptr2, req->size, req->offs)
+ : write (req->int1, req->ptr2, req->size); break;
+
+ case EIO_READAHEAD: req->result = readahead (req->int1, req->offs, req->size); break;
+ case EIO_SENDFILE: req->result = eio__sendfile (req->int1, req->int2, req->offs, req->size, self); break;
+
+ case EIO_STAT: ALLOC (sizeof (EIO_STRUCT_STAT));
+ req->result = stat (req->ptr1, (EIO_STRUCT_STAT *)req->ptr2); break;
+ case EIO_LSTAT: ALLOC (sizeof (EIO_STRUCT_STAT));
+ req->result = lstat (req->ptr1, (EIO_STRUCT_STAT *)req->ptr2); break;
+ case EIO_FSTAT: ALLOC (sizeof (EIO_STRUCT_STAT));
+ req->result = fstat (req->int1, (EIO_STRUCT_STAT *)req->ptr2); break;
+
+ case EIO_CHOWN: req->result = chown (req->ptr1, req->int2, req->int3); break;
+ case EIO_FCHOWN: req->result = fchown (req->int1, req->int2, req->int3); break;
+ case EIO_CHMOD: req->result = chmod (req->ptr1, (mode_t)req->int2); break;
+ case EIO_FCHMOD: req->result = fchmod (req->int1, (mode_t)req->int2); break;
+ case EIO_TRUNCATE: req->result = truncate (req->ptr1, req->offs); break;
+ case EIO_FTRUNCATE: req->result = ftruncate (req->int1, req->offs); break;
+
+ case EIO_OPEN: req->result = open (req->ptr1, req->int1, (mode_t)req->int2); break;
+ case EIO_CLOSE: req->result = close (req->int1); break;
+ case EIO_DUP2: req->result = dup2 (req->int1, req->int2); break;
+ case EIO_UNLINK: req->result = unlink (req->ptr1); break;
+ case EIO_RMDIR: req->result = rmdir (req->ptr1); break;
+ case EIO_MKDIR: req->result = mkdir (req->ptr1, (mode_t)req->int2); break;
+ case EIO_RENAME: req->result = rename (req->ptr1, req->ptr2); break;
+ case EIO_LINK: req->result = link (req->ptr1, req->ptr2); break;
+ case EIO_SYMLINK: req->result = symlink (req->ptr1, req->ptr2); break;
+ case EIO_MKNOD: req->result = mknod (req->ptr1, (mode_t)req->int2, (dev_t)req->int3); break;
+
+ case EIO_READLINK: ALLOC (NAME_MAX);
+ req->result = readlink (req->ptr1, req->ptr2, NAME_MAX); break;
+
+ case EIO_SYNC: req->result = 0; sync (); break;
+ case EIO_FSYNC: req->result = fsync (req->int1); break;
+ case EIO_FDATASYNC: req->result = fdatasync (req->int1); break;
+ case EIO_MSYNC: req->result = msync (req->ptr2, req->size, req->int1); break;
+ case EIO_MTOUCH: req->result = eio__mtouch (req->ptr2, req->size, req->int1); break;
+ case EIO_SYNC_FILE_RANGE: req->result = eio__sync_file_range (req->int1, req->offs, req->size, req->int2); break;
+
+ case EIO_READDIR: eio__scandir (req, self); break;
+
+ case EIO_BUSY:
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ Sleep (req->nv1 * 1000.);
+#else
+ {
+ struct timeval tv;
+
+ tv.tv_sec = req->nv1;
+ tv.tv_usec = (req->nv1 - tv.tv_sec) * 1000000.;
+
+ req->result = select (0, 0, 0, 0, &tv);
+ }
+#endif
+ break;
+
+ case EIO_UTIME:
+ case EIO_FUTIME:
+ {
+ struct timeval tv[2];
+ struct timeval *times;
+
+ if (req->nv1 != -1. || req->nv2 != -1.)
+ {
+ tv[0].tv_sec = req->nv1;
+ tv[0].tv_usec = (req->nv1 - tv[0].tv_sec) * 1000000.;
+ tv[1].tv_sec = req->nv2;
+ tv[1].tv_usec = (req->nv2 - tv[1].tv_sec) * 1000000.;
+
+ times = tv;
+ }
+ else
+ times = 0;
+
+
+ req->result = req->type == EIO_FUTIME
+ ? futimes (req->int1, times)
+ : utimes (req->ptr1, times);
+ }
+ break;
+
+ case EIO_GROUP:
+ abort (); /* handled in eio_request */
+
+ case EIO_NOP:
+ req->result = 0;
+ break;
+
+ case EIO_CUSTOM:
+ ((void (*)(eio_req *))req->feed) (req);
+ break;
+
+ default:
+ req->result = -1;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ req->errorno = errno;
+}
+
+#ifndef EIO_NO_WRAPPERS
+
+eio_req *eio_nop (int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ REQ (EIO_NOP); SEND;
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_busy (double delay, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ REQ (EIO_BUSY); req->nv1 = delay; SEND;
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_sync (int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ REQ (EIO_SYNC); SEND;
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_fsync (int fd, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ REQ (EIO_FSYNC); req->int1 = fd; SEND;
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_msync (void *addr, size_t length, int flags, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ REQ (EIO_MSYNC); req->ptr2 = addr; req->size = length; req->int1 = flags; SEND;
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_mtouch (void *addr, size_t length, int flags, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ REQ (EIO_MTOUCH); req->ptr2 = addr; req->size = length; req->int1 = flags; SEND;
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_sync_file_range (int fd, off_t offset, size_t nbytes, unsigned int flags, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ REQ (EIO_SYNC_FILE_RANGE); req->int1 = fd; req->offs = offset; req->size = nbytes; req->int2 = flags; SEND;
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_fdatasync (int fd, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ REQ (EIO_FDATASYNC); req->int1 = fd; SEND;
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_close (int fd, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ REQ (EIO_CLOSE); req->int1 = fd; SEND;
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_readahead (int fd, off_t offset, size_t length, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ REQ (EIO_READAHEAD); req->int1 = fd; req->offs = offset; req->size = length; SEND;
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_read (int fd, void *buf, size_t length, off_t offset, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ REQ (EIO_READ); req->int1 = fd; req->offs = offset; req->size = length; req->ptr2 = buf; SEND;
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_write (int fd, void *buf, size_t length, off_t offset, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ REQ (EIO_WRITE); req->int1 = fd; req->offs = offset; req->size = length; req->ptr2 = buf; SEND;
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_fstat (int fd, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ REQ (EIO_FSTAT); req->int1 = fd; SEND;
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_futime (int fd, double atime, double mtime, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ REQ (EIO_FUTIME); req->int1 = fd; req->nv1 = atime; req->nv2 = mtime; SEND;
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_ftruncate (int fd, off_t offset, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ REQ (EIO_FTRUNCATE); req->int1 = fd; req->offs = offset; SEND;
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_fchmod (int fd, mode_t mode, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ REQ (EIO_FCHMOD); req->int1 = fd; req->int2 = (long)mode; SEND;
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_fchown (int fd, uid_t uid, gid_t gid, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ REQ (EIO_FCHOWN); req->int1 = fd; req->int2 = (long)uid; req->int3 = (long)gid; SEND;
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_dup2 (int fd, int fd2, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ REQ (EIO_DUP2); req->int1 = fd; req->int2 = fd2; SEND;
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_sendfile (int out_fd, int in_fd, off_t in_offset, size_t length, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ REQ (EIO_SENDFILE); req->int1 = out_fd; req->int2 = in_fd; req->offs = in_offset; req->size = length; SEND;
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_open (const char *path, int flags, mode_t mode, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ REQ (EIO_OPEN); PATH; req->int1 = flags; req->int2 = (long)mode; SEND;
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_utime (const char *path, double atime, double mtime, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ REQ (EIO_UTIME); PATH; req->nv1 = atime; req->nv2 = mtime; SEND;
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_truncate (const char *path, off_t offset, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ REQ (EIO_TRUNCATE); PATH; req->offs = offset; SEND;
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_chown (const char *path, uid_t uid, gid_t gid, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ REQ (EIO_CHOWN); PATH; req->int2 = (long)uid; req->int3 = (long)gid; SEND;
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_chmod (const char *path, mode_t mode, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ REQ (EIO_CHMOD); PATH; req->int2 = (long)mode; SEND;
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_mkdir (const char *path, mode_t mode, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ REQ (EIO_MKDIR); PATH; req->int2 = (long)mode; SEND;
+}
+
+static eio_req *
+eio__1path (int type, const char *path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ REQ (type); PATH; SEND;
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_readlink (const char *path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ return eio__1path (EIO_READLINK, path, pri, cb, data);
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_stat (const char *path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ return eio__1path (EIO_STAT, path, pri, cb, data);
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_lstat (const char *path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ return eio__1path (EIO_LSTAT, path, pri, cb, data);
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_unlink (const char *path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ return eio__1path (EIO_UNLINK, path, pri, cb, data);
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_rmdir (const char *path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ return eio__1path (EIO_RMDIR, path, pri, cb, data);
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_readdir (const char *path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ return eio__1path (EIO_READDIR, path, pri, cb, data);
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_mknod (const char *path, mode_t mode, dev_t dev, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ REQ (EIO_MKNOD); PATH; req->int2 = (long)mode; req->int3 = (long)dev; SEND;
+}
+
+static eio_req *
+eio__2path (int type, const char *path, const char *new_path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ REQ (type); PATH;
+
+ req->flags |= EIO_FLAG_PTR2_FREE;
+ req->ptr2 = strdup (new_path);
+ if (!req->ptr2)
+ {
+ eio_api_destroy (req);
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ SEND;
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_link (const char *path, const char *new_path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ return eio__2path (EIO_LINK, path, new_path, pri, cb, data);
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_symlink (const char *path, const char *new_path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ return eio__2path (EIO_SYMLINK, path, new_path, pri, cb, data);
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_rename (const char *path, const char *new_path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ return eio__2path (EIO_RENAME, path, new_path, pri, cb, data);
+}
+
+eio_req *eio_custom (eio_cb execute, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ REQ (EIO_CUSTOM); req->feed = (void (*)(eio_req *))execute; SEND;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+eio_req *eio_grp (eio_cb cb, void *data)
+{
+ const int pri = EIO_PRI_MAX;
+
+ REQ (EIO_GROUP); SEND;
+}
+
+#undef REQ
+#undef PATH
+#undef SEND
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+/* grp functions */
+
+void eio_grp_feed (eio_req *grp, void (*feed)(eio_req *req), int limit)
+{
+ grp->int2 = limit;
+ grp->feed = feed;
+
+ grp_try_feed (grp);
+}
+
+void eio_grp_limit (eio_req *grp, int limit)
+{
+ grp->int2 = limit;
+
+ grp_try_feed (grp);
+}
+
+void eio_grp_add (eio_req *grp, eio_req *req)
+{
+ assert (("cannot add requests to IO::AIO::GRP after the group finished", grp->int1 != 2));
+
+ grp->flags |= EIO_FLAG_GROUPADD;
+
+ ++grp->size;
+ req->grp = grp;
+
+ req->grp_prev = 0;
+ req->grp_next = grp->grp_first;
+
+ if (grp->grp_first)
+ grp->grp_first->grp_prev = req;
+
+ grp->grp_first = req;
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+/* misc garbage */
+
+ssize_t eio_sendfile_sync (int ofd, int ifd, off_t offset, size_t count)
+{
+ etp_worker wrk;
+
+ wrk.dbuf = 0;
+
+ eio__sendfile (ofd, ifd, offset, count, &wrk);
+
+ if (wrk.dbuf)
+ free (wrk.dbuf);
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * libeio API header
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007,2008 Marc Alexander Lehmann <libeio@schmorp.de>
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modifica-
+ * tion, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
+ * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MER-
+ * CHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
+ * EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPE-
+ * CIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+ * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
+ * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
+ * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTH-
+ * ERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
+ * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of
+ * the GNU General Public License ("GPL") version 2 or any later version,
+ * in which case the provisions of the GPL are applicable instead of
+ * the above. If you wish to allow the use of your version of this file
+ * only under the terms of the GPL and not to allow others to use your
+ * version of this file under the BSD license, indicate your decision
+ * by deleting the provisions above and replace them with the notice
+ * and other provisions required by the GPL. If you do not delete the
+ * provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this file under
+ * either the BSD or the GPL.
+ */
+
+#ifndef EIO_H_
+#define EIO_H_
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
+typedef struct eio_req eio_req;
+
+typedef int (*eio_cb)(eio_req *req);
+
+#ifndef EIO_REQ_MEMBERS
+# define EIO_REQ_MEMBERS
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EIO_STRUCT_STAT
+# define EIO_STRUCT_STAT struct stat
+#endif
+
+enum {
+ EIO_CUSTOM,
+ EIO_OPEN, EIO_CLOSE, EIO_DUP2,
+ EIO_READ, EIO_WRITE,
+ EIO_READAHEAD, EIO_SENDFILE,
+ EIO_STAT, EIO_LSTAT, EIO_FSTAT,
+ EIO_TRUNCATE, EIO_FTRUNCATE,
+ EIO_UTIME, EIO_FUTIME,
+ EIO_CHMOD, EIO_FCHMOD,
+ EIO_CHOWN, EIO_FCHOWN,
+ EIO_SYNC, EIO_FSYNC, EIO_FDATASYNC,
+ EIO_MSYNC, EIO_MTOUCH, EIO_SYNC_FILE_RANGE,
+ EIO_UNLINK, EIO_RMDIR, EIO_MKDIR, EIO_RENAME,
+ EIO_MKNOD, EIO_READDIR,
+ EIO_LINK, EIO_SYMLINK, EIO_READLINK,
+ EIO_GROUP, EIO_NOP,
+ EIO_BUSY
+};
+
+/* eio_sync_file_range flags */
+
+enum {
+ EIO_SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE = 1,
+ EIO_SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE = 2,
+ EIO_SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER = 4
+};
+
+typedef double eio_tstamp; /* feel free to use double in your code directly */
+
+/* eio request structure */
+/* this structure is mostly read-only */
+struct eio_req
+{
+ eio_req volatile *next; /* private ETP */
+
+ ssize_t result; /* result of syscall, e.g. result = read (... */
+ off_t offs; /* read, write, truncate, readahead, sync_file_range: file offset */
+ size_t size; /* read, write, readahead, sendfile, msync, sync_file_range: length */
+ void *ptr1; /* all applicable requests: pathname, old name */
+ void *ptr2; /* all applicable requests: new name or memory buffer */
+ eio_tstamp nv1; /* utime, futime: atime; busy: sleep time */
+ eio_tstamp nv2; /* utime, futime: mtime */
+
+ int type; /* EIO_xxx constant ETP */
+ int int1; /* all applicable requests: file descriptor; sendfile: output fd; open, msync: flags */
+ long int2; /* chown, fchown: uid; sendfile: input fd; open, chmod, mkdir, mknod: file mode, sync_file_range: flags */
+ long int3; /* chown, fchown: gid; mknod: dev_t */
+ int errorno; /* errno value on syscall return */
+
+ unsigned char flags; /* private */
+ signed char pri; /* the priority */
+
+ void *data;
+ eio_cb finish;
+ void (*destroy)(eio_req *req); /* called when requets no longer needed */
+ void (*feed)(eio_req *req); /* only used for group requests */
+
+ EIO_REQ_MEMBERS
+
+ eio_req *grp, *grp_prev, *grp_next, *grp_first; /* private */
+};
+
+/* _private_ flags */
+enum {
+ EIO_FLAG_CANCELLED = 0x01, /* request was cancelled */
+ EIO_FLAG_PTR1_FREE = 0x02, /* need to free(ptr1) */
+ EIO_FLAG_PTR2_FREE = 0x04, /* need to free(ptr2) */
+ EIO_FLAG_GROUPADD = 0x08 /* some request was added to the group */
+};
+
+enum {
+ EIO_PRI_MIN = -4,
+ EIO_PRI_MAX = 4,
+ EIO_PRI_DEFAULT = 0,
+};
+
+/* returns < 0 on error, errno set
+ * need_poll, if non-zero, will be called when results are available
+ * and eio_poll_cb needs to be invoked (it MUST NOT call eio_poll_cb itself).
+ * done_poll is called when the need to poll is gone.
+ */
+int eio_init (void (*want_poll)(void), void (*done_poll)(void));
+
+/* must be called regularly to handle pending requests */
+/* returns 0 if all requests were handled, -1 if not, or the value of EIO_FINISH if != 0 */
+int eio_poll (void);
+
+/* stop polling if poll took longer than duration seconds */
+void eio_set_max_poll_time (eio_tstamp nseconds);
+/* do not handle more then count requests in one call to eio_poll_cb */
+void eio_set_max_poll_reqs (unsigned int nreqs);
+
+/* set minimum required number
+ * maximum wanted number
+ * or maximum idle number of threads */
+void eio_set_min_parallel (unsigned int nthreads);
+void eio_set_max_parallel (unsigned int nthreads);
+void eio_set_max_idle (unsigned int nthreads);
+
+unsigned int eio_nreqs (void); /* number of requests in-flight */
+unsigned int eio_nready (void); /* number of not-yet handled requests */
+unsigned int eio_npending (void); /* numbe rof finished but unhandled requests */
+unsigned int eio_nthreads (void); /* number of worker threads in use currently */
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+/* convinience wrappers */
+
+#ifndef EIO_NO_WRAPPERS
+eio_req *eio_nop (int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data); /* does nothing except go through the whole process */
+eio_req *eio_busy (eio_tstamp delay, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data); /* ties a thread for this long, simulating busyness */
+eio_req *eio_sync (int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
+eio_req *eio_fsync (int fd, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
+eio_req *eio_fdatasync (int fd, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
+eio_req *eio_msync (void *addr, size_t length, int flags, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
+eio_req *eio_mtouch (void *addr, size_t length, int flags, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
+eio_req *eio_sync_file_range (int fd, off_t offset, size_t nbytes, unsigned int flags, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
+eio_req *eio_close (int fd, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
+eio_req *eio_readahead (int fd, off_t offset, size_t length, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
+eio_req *eio_read (int fd, void *buf, size_t length, off_t offset, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
+eio_req *eio_write (int fd, void *buf, size_t length, off_t offset, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
+eio_req *eio_fstat (int fd, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data); /* stat buffer=ptr2 allocated dynamically */
+eio_req *eio_futime (int fd, eio_tstamp atime, eio_tstamp mtime, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
+eio_req *eio_ftruncate (int fd, off_t offset, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
+eio_req *eio_fchmod (int fd, mode_t mode, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
+eio_req *eio_fchown (int fd, uid_t uid, gid_t gid, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
+eio_req *eio_dup2 (int fd, int fd2, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
+eio_req *eio_sendfile (int out_fd, int in_fd, off_t in_offset, size_t length, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
+eio_req *eio_open (const char *path, int flags, mode_t mode, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
+eio_req *eio_utime (const char *path, eio_tstamp atime, eio_tstamp mtime, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
+eio_req *eio_truncate (const char *path, off_t offset, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
+eio_req *eio_chown (const char *path, uid_t uid, gid_t gid, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
+eio_req *eio_chmod (const char *path, mode_t mode, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
+eio_req *eio_mkdir (const char *path, mode_t mode, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
+eio_req *eio_readdir (const char *path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data); /* result=ptr2 allocated dynamically */
+eio_req *eio_rmdir (const char *path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
+eio_req *eio_unlink (const char *path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
+eio_req *eio_readlink (const char *path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data); /* result=ptr2 allocated dynamically */
+eio_req *eio_stat (const char *path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data); /* stat buffer=ptr2 allocated dynamically */
+eio_req *eio_lstat (const char *path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data); /* stat buffer=ptr2 allocated dynamically */
+eio_req *eio_mknod (const char *path, mode_t mode, dev_t dev, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
+eio_req *eio_link (const char *path, const char *new_path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
+eio_req *eio_symlink (const char *path, const char *new_path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
+eio_req *eio_rename (const char *path, const char *new_path, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
+eio_req *eio_custom (eio_cb execute, int pri, eio_cb cb, void *data);
+#endif
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+/* groups */
+
+eio_req *eio_grp (eio_cb cb, void *data);
+void eio_grp_feed (eio_req *grp, void (*feed)(eio_req *req), int limit);
+void eio_grp_limit (eio_req *grp, int limit);
+void eio_grp_add (eio_req *grp, eio_req *req);
+void eio_grp_cancel (eio_req *grp); /* cancels all sub requests but not the group */
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+/* request api */
+
+/* true if the request was cancelled, useful in the invoke callback */
+#define EIO_CANCELLED(req) ((req)->flags & EIO_FLAG_CANCELLED)
+
+#define EIO_RESULT(req) ((req)->result)
+/* returns a pointer to the result buffer allocated by eio */
+#define EIO_BUF(req) ((req)->ptr2)
+#define EIO_STAT_BUF(req) ((EIO_STRUCT_STAT *)EIO_BUF(req))
+#define EIO_PATH(req) ((char *)(req)->ptr1)
+
+/* submit a request for execution */
+void eio_submit (eio_req *req);
+/* cancel a request as soon fast as possible, if possible */
+void eio_cancel (eio_req *req);
+/* destroy a request that has never been submitted */
+void eio_destroy (eio_req *req);
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+/* convinience functions */
+
+ssize_t eio_sendfile_sync (int ofd, int ifd, off_t offset, size_t count);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
--- /dev/null
+=head1 NAME
+
+libeio - truly asynchronous POSIX I/O
+
+=head1 SYNOPSIS
+
+ #include <eio.h>
+
+=head1 DESCRIPTION
+
+The newest version of this document is also available as an html-formatted
+web page you might find easier to navigate when reading it for the first
+time: L<http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/libeio/eio.pod>.
+
+Note that this library is a by-product of the C<IO::AIO> perl
+module, and many of the subtler points regarding requets lifetime
+and so on are only documented in its documentation at the
+moment: L<http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/IO-AIO/AIO.pm>.
+
+=head2 FEATURES
+
+This library provides fully asynchronous versions of most POSIX functions
+dealign with I/O. Unlike most asynchronous libraries, this not only
+includes C<read> and C<write>, but also C<open>, C<stat>, C<unlink> and
+similar functions, as well as less rarely ones such as C<mknod>, C<futime>
+or C<readlink>.
+
+It also offers wrappers around C<sendfile> (Solaris, Linux, HP-UX and
+FreeBSD, with emulation on other platforms) and C<readahead> (Linux, with
+emulation elsewhere>).
+
+The goal is to enbale you to write fully non-blocking programs. For
+example, in a game server, you would not want to freeze for a few seconds
+just because the server is running a backup and you happen to call
+C<readdir>.
+
+=head2 TIME REPRESENTATION
+
+Libeio represents time as a single floating point number, representing the
+(fractional) number of seconds since the (POSIX) epoch (somewhere near
+the beginning of 1970, details are complicated, don't ask). This type is
+called C<eio_tstamp>, but it is guarenteed to be of type C<double> (or
+better), so you can freely use C<double> yourself.
+
+Unlike the name component C<stamp> might indicate, it is also used for
+time differences throughout libeio.
+
+=head2 FORK SUPPORT
+
+Calling C<fork ()> is fully supported by this module. It is implemented in these steps:
+
+ 1. wait till all requests in "execute" state have been handled
+ (basically requests that are already handed over to the kernel).
+ 2. fork
+ 3. in the parent, continue business as usual, done
+ 4. in the child, destroy all ready and pending requests and free the
+ memory used by the worker threads. This gives you a fully empty
+ libeio queue.
+
+=head1 INITIALISATION/INTEGRATION
+
+Before you can call any eio functions you first have to initialise the
+library. The library integrates into any event loop, but can also be used
+without one, including in polling mode.
+
+You have to provide the necessary glue yourself, however.
+
+=over 4
+
+=item int eio_init (void (*want_poll)(void), void (*done_poll)(void))
+
+This function initialises the library. On success it returns C<0>, on
+failure it returns C<-1> and sets C<errno> appropriately.
+
+It accepts two function pointers specifying callbacks as argument, both of
+which can be C<0>, in which case the callback isn't called.
+
+=item want_poll callback
+
+The C<want_poll> callback is invoked whenever libeio wants attention (i.e.
+it wants to be polled by calling C<eio_poll>). It is "edge-triggered",
+that is, it will only be called once when eio wants attention, until all
+pending requests have been handled.
+
+This callback is called while locks are being held, so I<you must
+not call any libeio functions inside this callback>. That includes
+C<eio_poll>. What you should do is notify some other thread, or wake up
+your event loop, and then call C<eio_poll>.
+
+=item done_poll callback
+
+This callback is invoked when libeio detects that all pending requests
+have been handled. It is "edge-triggered", that is, it will only be
+called once after C<want_poll>. To put it differently, C<want_poll> and
+C<done_poll> are invoked in pairs: after C<want_poll> you have to call
+C<eio_poll ()> until either C<eio_poll> indicates that everything has been
+handled or C<done_poll> has been called, which signals the same.
+
+Note that C<eio_poll> might return after C<done_poll> and C<want_poll>
+have been called again, so watch out for races in your code.
+
+As with C<want_poll>, this callback is called while lcoks are being held,
+so you I<must not call any libeio functions form within this callback>.
+
+=item int eio_poll ()
+
+This function has to be called whenever there are pending requests that
+need finishing. You usually call this after C<want_poll> has indicated
+that you should do so, but you can also call this function regularly to
+poll for new results.
+
+If any request invocation returns a non-zero value, then C<eio_poll ()>
+immediately returns with that value as return value.
+
+Otherwise, if all requests could be handled, it returns C<0>. If for some
+reason not all requests have been handled, i.e. some are still pending, it
+returns C<-1>.
+
+=back
+
+For libev, you would typically use an C<ev_async> watcher: the
+C<want_poll> callback would invoke C<ev_async_send> to wake up the event
+loop. Inside the callback set for the watcher, one would call C<eio_poll
+()> (followed by C<ev_async_send> again if C<eio_poll> indicates that not
+all requests have been handled yet). The race is taken care of because
+libev resets/rearms the async watcher before calling your callback,
+and therefore, before calling C<eio_poll>. This might result in (some)
+spurious wake-ups, but is generally harmless.
+
+For most other event loops, you would typically use a pipe - the event
+loop should be told to wait for read readyness on the read end. In
+C<want_poll> you would write a single byte, in C<done_poll> you would try
+to read that byte, and in the callback for the read end, you would call
+C<eio_poll>. The race is avoided here because the event loop should invoke
+your callback again and again until the byte has been read (as the pipe
+read callback does not read it, only C<done_poll>).
+
+=head2 CONFIGURATION
+
+The functions in this section can sometimes be useful, but the default
+configuration will do in most case, so you should skip this section on
+first reading.
+
+=over 4
+
+=item eio_set_max_poll_time (eio_tstamp nseconds)
+
+This causes C<eio_poll ()> to return after it has detected that it was
+running for C<nsecond> seconds or longer (this number can be fractional).
+
+This can be used to limit the amount of time spent handling eio requests,
+for example, in interactive programs, you might want to limit this time to
+C<0.01> seconds or so.
+
+Note that:
+
+a) libeio doesn't know how long your request callbacks take, so the time
+spent in C<eio_poll> is up to one callback invocation longer then this
+interval.
+
+b) this is implemented by calling C<gettimeofday> after each request,
+which can be costly.
+
+c) at least one request will be handled.
+
+=item eio_set_max_poll_reqs (unsigned int nreqs)
+
+When C<nreqs> is non-zero, then C<eio_poll> will not handle more than
+C<nreqs> requests per invocation. This is a less costly way to limit the
+amount of work done by C<eio_poll> then setting a time limit.
+
+If you know your callbacks are generally fast, you could use this to
+encourage interactiveness in your programs by setting it to C<10>, C<100>
+or even C<1000>.
+
+=item eio_set_min_parallel (unsigned int nthreads)
+
+Make sure libeio can handle at least this many requests in parallel. It
+might be able handle more.
+
+=item eio_set_max_parallel (unsigned int nthreads)
+
+Set the maximum number of threads that libeio will spawn.
+
+=item eio_set_max_idle (unsigned int nthreads)
+
+Libeio uses threads internally to handle most requests, and will start and stop threads on demand.
+
+This call can be used to limit the number of idle threads (threads without
+work to do): libeio will keep some threads idle in preperation for more
+requests, but never longer than C<nthreads> threads.
+
+In addition to this, libeio will also stop threads when they are idle for
+a few seconds, regardless of this setting.
+
+=item unsigned int eio_nthreads ()
+
+Return the number of worker threads currently running.
+
+=item unsigned int eio_nreqs ()
+
+Return the number of requests currently handled by libeio. This is the
+total number of requests that have been submitted to libeio, but not yet
+destroyed.
+
+=item unsigned int eio_nready ()
+
+Returns the number of ready requests, i.e. requests that have been
+submitted but have not yet entered the execution phase.
+
+=item unsigned int eio_npending ()
+
+Returns the number of pending requests, i.e. requests that have been
+executed and have results, but have not been finished yet by a call to
+C<eio_poll>).
+
+=back
+
+
+=head1 ANATOMY OF AN EIO REQUEST
+
+#TODO
+
+
+=head1 HIGH LEVEL REQUEST API
+
+#TODO
+
+=back
+
+
+=head1 LOW LEVEL REQUEST API
+
+#TODO
+
+=head1 EMBEDDING
+
+Libeio can be embedded directly into programs. This functionality is not
+documented and not (yet) officially supported.
+
+Note that, when including C<libeio.m4>, you are responsible for defining
+the compilation environment (C<_LARGEFILE_SOURCE>, C<_GNU_SOURCE> etc.).
+
+If you need to know how, check the C<IO::AIO> perl module, which does
+exactly that.
+
+
+=head1 PORTABILITY REQUIREMENTS
+
+In addition to a working ISO-C implementation, libeio relies on a few
+additional extensions:
+
+=over 4
+
+=item POSIX threads
+
+To be portable, this module uses threads, specifically, the POSIX threads
+library must be available (and working, which partially excludes many xBSD
+systems, where C<fork ()> is buggy).
+
+=item POSIX-compatible filesystem API
+
+This is actually a harder portability requirement: The libeio API is quite
+demanding regarding POSIX API calls (symlinks, user/group management
+etc.).
+
+=item C<double> must hold a time value in seconds with enough accuracy
+
+The type C<double> is used to represent timestamps. It is required to
+have at least 51 bits of mantissa (and 9 bits of exponent), which is good
+enough for at least into the year 4000. This requirement is fulfilled by
+implementations implementing IEEE 754 (basically all existing ones).
+
+=back
+
+If you know of other additional requirements drop me a note.
+
+
+=head1 AUTHOR
+
+Marc Lehmann <libeio@schmorp.de>.
+
--- /dev/null
+AC_SEARCH_LIBS(
+ pthread_create,
+ [pthread pthreads pthreadVC2],
+ ,
+ [AC_MSG_ERROR(pthread functions not found)]
+)
+
+AC_CACHE_CHECK(for futimes, ac_cv_futimes, [AC_LINK_IFELSE([[
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <utime.h>
+struct timeval tv[2];
+int res;
+int fd;
+int main(void)
+{
+ res = futimes (fd, tv);
+ return 0;
+}
+]],ac_cv_futimes=yes,ac_cv_futimes=no)])
+test $ac_cv_futimes = yes && AC_DEFINE(HAVE_FUTIMES, 1, futimes(2) is available)
+
+AC_CACHE_CHECK(for readahead, ac_cv_readahead, [AC_LINK_IFELSE([
+#include <fcntl.h>
+int main(void)
+{
+ int fd = 0;
+ size_t count = 2;
+ ssize_t res;
+ res = readahead (fd, 0, count);
+ return 0;
+}
+],ac_cv_readahead=yes,ac_cv_readahead=no)])
+test $ac_cv_readahead = yes && AC_DEFINE(HAVE_READAHEAD, 1, readahead(2) is available (linux))
+
+AC_CACHE_CHECK(for fdatasync, ac_cv_fdatasync, [AC_LINK_IFELSE([
+#include <unistd.h>
+int main(void)
+{
+ int fd = 0;
+ fdatasync (fd);
+ return 0;
+}
+],ac_cv_fdatasync=yes,ac_cv_fdatasync=no)])
+test $ac_cv_fdatasync = yes && AC_DEFINE(HAVE_FDATASYNC, 1, fdatasync(2) is available)
+
+AC_CACHE_CHECK(for pread and pwrite, ac_cv_preadwrite, [AC_LINK_IFELSE([
+#include <unistd.h>
+int main(void)
+{
+ int fd = 0;
+ size_t count = 1;
+ char buf;
+ off_t offset = 1;
+ ssize_t res;
+ res = pread (fd, &buf, count, offset);
+ res = pwrite (fd, &buf, count, offset);
+ return 0;
+}
+],ac_cv_preadwrite=yes,ac_cv_preadwrite=no)])
+test $ac_cv_preadwrite = yes && AC_DEFINE(HAVE_PREADWRITE, 1, pread(2) and pwrite(2) are available)
+
+AC_CACHE_CHECK(for sendfile, ac_cv_sendfile, [AC_LINK_IFELSE([
+# include <sys/types.h>
+#if __linux
+# include <sys/sendfile.h>
+#elif __freebsd
+# include <sys/socket.h>
+# include <sys/uio.h>
+#elif __hpux
+# include <sys/socket.h>
+#else
+# error unsupported architecture
+#endif
+int main(void)
+{
+ int fd = 0;
+ off_t offset = 1;
+ size_t count = 2;
+ ssize_t res;
+#if __linux
+ res = sendfile (fd, fd, offset, count);
+#elif __freebsd
+ res = sendfile (fd, fd, offset, count, 0, &offset, 0);
+#elif __hpux
+ res = sendfile (fd, fd, offset, count, 0, 0);
+#endif
+ return 0;
+}
+],ac_cv_sendfile=yes,ac_cv_sendfile=no)])
+test $ac_cv_sendfile = yes && AC_DEFINE(HAVE_SENDFILE, 1, sendfile(2) is available and supported)
+
+AC_CACHE_CHECK(for sync_file_range, ac_cv_sync_file_range, [AC_LINK_IFELSE([
+#include <fcntl.h>
+int main(void)
+{
+ int fd = 0;
+ off64_t offset = 1;
+ off64_t nbytes = 1;
+ unsigned int flags = SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_BEFORE|SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WRITE|SYNC_FILE_RANGE_WAIT_AFTER;
+ ssize_t res;
+ res = sync_file_range (fd, offset, nbytes, flags);
+ return 0;
+}
+],ac_cv_sync_file_range=yes,ac_cv_sync_file_range=no)])
+test $ac_cv_sync_file_range = yes && AC_DEFINE(HAVE_SYNC_FILE_RANGE, 1, sync_file_range(2) is available)
+
--- /dev/null
+#ifndef XTHREAD_H_
+#define XTHREAD_H_
+
+/* whether word reads are potentially non-atomic.
+ * this is conservatice, likely most arches this runs
+ * on have atomic word read/writes.
+ */
+#ifndef WORDACCESS_UNSAFE
+# if __i386 || __x86_64
+# define WORDACCESS_UNSAFE 0
+# else
+# define WORDACCESS_UNSAFE 1
+# endif
+#endif
+
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+typedef int ssize_t;
+
+#define NTDDI_VERSION NTDDI_WIN2K // needed to get win2000 api calls
+#define _WIN32_WINNT 0x400
+#include <stdio.h>//D
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <io.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <winsock2.h>
+#include <process.h>
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+#define sigset_t int
+#define sigfillset(a)
+#define pthread_sigmask(a,b,c)
+#define sigaddset(a,b)
+#define sigemptyset(s)
+#define sigfillset(s)
+
+typedef pthread_mutex_t mutex_t;
+#define X_MUTEX_INIT PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER
+#define X_LOCK(mutex) pthread_mutex_lock (&(mutex))
+#define X_UNLOCK(mutex) pthread_mutex_unlock (&(mutex))
+
+typedef pthread_cond_t cond_t;
+#define X_COND_INIT PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER
+#define X_COND_SIGNAL(cond) pthread_cond_signal (&(cond))
+#define X_COND_WAIT(cond,mutex) pthread_cond_wait (&(cond), &(mutex))
+#define X_COND_TIMEDWAIT(cond,mutex,to) pthread_cond_timedwait (&(cond), &(mutex), &(to))
+
+typedef pthread_t thread_t;
+#define X_THREAD_PROC(name) void *name (void *thr_arg)
+#define X_THREAD_ATFORK(a,b,c)
+
+static int
+thread_create (thread_t *tid, void *(*proc)(void *), void *arg)
+{
+ int retval;
+ pthread_attr_t attr;
+
+ pthread_attr_init (&attr);
+ pthread_attr_setdetachstate (&attr, PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED);
+
+ retval = pthread_create (tid, &attr, proc, arg) == 0;
+
+ pthread_attr_destroy (&attr);
+
+ return retval;
+}
+
+#define respipe_read(a,b,c) PerlSock_recv ((a), (b), (c), 0)
+#define respipe_write(a,b,c) send ((a), (b), (c), 0)
+#define respipe_close(a) PerlSock_closesocket ((a))
+
+#else
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+#if __linux && !defined(_GNU_SOURCE)
+# define _GNU_SOURCE
+#endif
+
+/* just in case */
+#define _REENTRANT 1
+
+#if __solaris
+# define _POSIX_PTHREAD_SEMANTICS 1
+/* try to bribe solaris headers into providing a current pthread API
+ * despite environment being configured for an older version.
+ */
+# define __EXTENSIONS__ 1
+#endif
+
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+
+typedef pthread_mutex_t mutex_t;
+#if __linux && defined (PTHREAD_ADAPTIVE_MUTEX_INITIALIZER_NP)
+# define X_MUTEX_INIT PTHREAD_ADAPTIVE_MUTEX_INITIALIZER_NP
+#else
+# define X_MUTEX_INIT PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER
+#endif
+#define X_LOCK(mutex) pthread_mutex_lock (&(mutex))
+#define X_UNLOCK(mutex) pthread_mutex_unlock (&(mutex))
+
+typedef pthread_cond_t cond_t;
+#define X_COND_INIT PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER
+#define X_COND_SIGNAL(cond) pthread_cond_signal (&(cond))
+#define X_COND_WAIT(cond,mutex) pthread_cond_wait (&(cond), &(mutex))
+#define X_COND_TIMEDWAIT(cond,mutex,to) pthread_cond_timedwait (&(cond), &(mutex), &(to))
+
+typedef pthread_t thread_t;
+#define X_THREAD_PROC(name) static void *name (void *thr_arg)
+#define X_THREAD_ATFORK(prepare,parent,child) pthread_atfork (prepare, parent, child)
+
+// the broken bsd's once more
+#ifndef PTHREAD_STACK_MIN
+# define PTHREAD_STACK_MIN 0
+#endif
+
+static int
+thread_create (thread_t *tid, void *(*proc)(void *), void *arg)
+{
+ int retval;
+ sigset_t fullsigset, oldsigset;
+ pthread_attr_t attr;
+
+ pthread_attr_init (&attr);
+ pthread_attr_setdetachstate (&attr, PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED);
+ pthread_attr_setstacksize (&attr, PTHREAD_STACK_MIN < sizeof (long) * 4096
+ ? sizeof (long) * 4096 : PTHREAD_STACK_MIN);
+#ifdef PTHREAD_SCOPE_PROCESS
+ pthread_attr_setscope (&attr, PTHREAD_SCOPE_PROCESS);
+#endif
+
+ sigfillset (&fullsigset);
+
+ pthread_sigmask (SIG_SETMASK, &fullsigset, &oldsigset);
+ retval = pthread_create (tid, &attr, proc, arg) == 0;
+ pthread_sigmask (SIG_SETMASK, &oldsigset, 0);
+
+ pthread_attr_destroy (&attr);
+
+ return retval;
+}
+
+#define respipe_read(a,b,c) read ((a), (b), (c))
+#define respipe_write(a,b,c) write ((a), (b), (c))
+#define respipe_close(a) close ((a))
+
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
--- /dev/null
+Revision history for libev, a high-performance and full-featured event loop.
+
+3.53 Sun Feb 15 02:38:20 CET 2009
+ - fix a bug in event pipe creation on win32 that would cause a
+ failed assertion on event loop creation (patch by Malek Hadj-Ali).
+ - probe for CLOCK_REALTIME support at runtime as well and fall
+ back to gettimeofday if there is an error, to support older
+ operating systems with newer header files/libraries.
+ - prefer gettimeofday over clock_gettime with USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
+ (default most everywhere), otherwise not.
+
+3.52 Wed Jan 7 21:43:02 CET 2009
+ - fix compilation of select backend in fd_set mode when NFDBITS is
+ missing (to get it to compile on QNX, reported by Rodrigo Campos).
+ - better select-nfds handling when select backend is in fd_set mode.
+ - diagnose fd_set overruns when select backend is in fd_set mode.
+ - due to a thinko, instead of disabling everything but
+ select on the borked OS X platform, everything but select was
+ allowed (reported by Emanuele Giaquinta).
+ - actually verify that local and remote port are matching in
+ libev's socketpair emulation, which makes denial-of-service
+ attacks harder (but not impossible - it's windows). Make sure
+ it even works under vista, which thinks that getpeer/sockname
+ should return fantasy port numbers.
+ - include "libev" in all assertion messages for potentially
+ clearer diagnostics.
+ - event_get_version (libevent compatibility) returned
+ a useless string instead of the expected version string
+ (patch by W.C.A. Wijngaards).
+
+3.51 Wed Dec 24 23:00:11 CET 2008
+ - fix a bug where an inotify watcher was added twice, causing
+ freezes on hash collisions (reported and analysed by Graham Leggett).
+ - new config symbol, EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL, to make libev use
+ a direct syscall - slower, but no dependency on librt et al.
+ - assume negative return values != -1 signals success of port_getn
+ (http://cvs.epicsol.org/cgi/viewcvs.cgi/epic5/source/newio.c?rev=1.52)
+ (no known failure reports, but it doesn't hurt).
+ - fork detection in ev_embed now stops and restarts the watcher
+ automatically.
+ - EXPERIMENTAL: default the method to operator () in ev++.h,
+ to make it nicer to use functors (requested by Benedek László).
+ - fixed const object callbacks in ev++.h.
+ - replaced loop_ref argument of watcher.set (loop) by a direct
+ ev_loop * in ev++.h, to avoid clashes with functor patch.
+ - do not try to watch the empty string via inotify.
+ - inotify watchers could be leaked under certain circumstances.
+ - OS X 10.5 is actually even more broken than earlier versions,
+ so fall back to select on that piece of garbage.
+ - fixed some weirdness in the ev_embed documentation.
+
+3.49 Wed Nov 19 11:26:53 CET 2008
+ - ev_stat watchers will now use inotify as a mere hint on
+ kernels <2.6.25, or if the filesystem is not in the
+ "known to be good" list.
+ - better mingw32 compatibility (it's not as borked as native win32)
+ (analysed by Roger Pack).
+ - include stdio.h in the example program, as too many people are
+ confused by the weird C language otherwise. I guess the next thing
+ I get told is that the "..." ellipses in the examples don't compile
+ with their C compiler.
+
+3.48 Thu Oct 30 09:02:37 CET 2008
+ - further optimise away the EPOLL_CTL_ADD/MOD combo in the epoll
+ backend by assuming the kernel event mask hasn't changed if
+ ADD fails with EEXIST.
+ - work around spurious event notification bugs in epoll by using
+ a 32-bit generation counter. recreate kernel state if we receive
+ spurious notifications or unwanted events. this is very costly,
+ but I didn't come up with this horrible design.
+ - use memset to initialise most arrays now and do away with the
+ init functions.
+ - expand time-out strategies into a "Be smart about timeouts" section.
+ - drop the "struct" from all ev_watcher declarations in the
+ documentation and did other clarifications (yeah, it was a mistake
+ to have a struct AND a function called ev_loop).
+ - fix a bug where ev_default would not initialise the default
+ loop again after it was destroyed with ev_default_destroy.
+ - rename syserr to ev_syserr to avoid name clashes when embedding,
+ do similar changes for event.c.
+
+3.45 Tue Oct 21 21:59:26 CEST 2008
+ - disable inotify usage on linux <2.6.25, as it is broken
+ (reported by Yoann Vandoorselaere).
+ - ev_stat errornously would try to add inotify watchers
+ even when inotify wasn't available (this should only
+ have a performance impact).
+ - ev_once now passes both timeout and io to the callback if both
+ occur concurrently, instead of giving timeouts precedence.
+ - disable EV_USE_INOTIFY when sys/inotify.h is too old.
+
+3.44 Mon Sep 29 05:18:39 CEST 2008
+ - embed watchers now automatically invoke ev_loop_fork on the
+ embedded loop when the parent loop forks.
+ - new function: ev_now_update (loop).
+ - verify_watcher was not marked static.
+ - improve the "associating..." manpage section.
+ - documentation tweaks here and there.
+
+3.43 Sun Jul 6 05:34:41 CEST 2008
+ - include more include files on windows to get struct _stati64
+ (reported by Chris Hulbert, but doesn't quite fix his issue).
+ - add missing #include <io.h> in ev.c on windows (reported by
+ Matt Tolton).
+
+3.42 Tue Jun 17 12:12:07 CEST 2008
+ - work around yet another windows bug: FD_SET actually adds fd's
+ multiple times to the fd_*SET*, despite official MSN docs claiming
+ otherwise. Reported and well-analysed by Matt Tolton.
+ - define NFDBITS to 0 when EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET to make it compile
+ (reported any analysed by Chris Hulbert).
+ - fix a bug in ev_ebadf (this function is only used to catch
+ programming errors in the libev user). reported by Matt Tolton.
+ - fix a bug in fd_intern on win32 (could lead to compile errors
+ under some circumstances, but would work correctly if it compiles).
+ reported by Matt Tolton.
+ - (try to) work around missing lstat on windows.
+ - pass in the write fd set as except fd set under windows. windows
+ is so uncontrollably lame that it requires this. this means that
+ switching off oobinline is not supported (but tcp/ip doesn't
+ have oob, so that would be stupid anyways.
+ - use posix module symbol to auto-detect monotonic clock presence
+ and some other default values.
+
+3.41 Fri May 23 18:42:54 CEST 2008
+ - work around an obscure bug in winsocket select: if you
+ provide only empty fd sets then select returns WSAEINVAL. how sucky.
+ - improve timer scheduling stability and reduce use of time_epsilon.
+ - use 1-based 2-heap for EV_MINIMAL, simplifies code, reduces
+ codesize and makes for better cache-efficiency.
+ - use 3-based 4-heap for !EV_MINIMAL. this makes better use
+ of cpu cache lines and gives better growth behaviour than
+ 2-based heaps.
+ - cache timestamp within heap for !EV_MINIMAL, to avoid random
+ memory accesses.
+ - document/add EV_USE_4HEAP and EV_HEAP_CACHE_AT.
+ - fix a potential aliasing issue in ev_timer_again.
+ - add/document ev_periodic_at, retract direct access to ->at.
+ - improve ev_stat docs.
+ - add portability requirements section.
+ - fix manpage headers etc.
+ - normalise WSA error codes to lower range on windows.
+ - add consistency check code that can be called automatically
+ or on demand to check for internal structures (ev_loop_verify).
+
+3.31 Wed Apr 16 20:45:04 CEST 2008
+ - added last minute fix for ev_poll.c by Brandon Black.
+
+3.3 Wed Apr 16 19:04:10 CEST 2008
+ - event_base_loopexit should return 0 on success
+ (W.C.A. Wijngaards).
+ - added linux eventfd support.
+ - try to autodetect epoll and inotify support
+ by libc header version if not using autoconf.
+ - new symbols: EV_DEFAULT_UC and EV_DEFAULT_UC_.
+ - declare functions defined in ev.h as inline if
+ C99 or gcc are available.
+ - enable inlining with gcc versions 2 and 3.
+ - work around broken poll implementations potentially
+ not clearing revents field in ev_poll (Brandon Black)
+ (no such systems are known at this time).
+ - work around a bug in realloc on openbsd and darwin,
+ also makes the errornous valgrind complaints
+ go away (noted by various people).
+ - fix ev_async_pending, add c++ wrapper for ev_async
+ (based on patch sent by Johannes Deisenhofer.
+ - add sensible set method to ev::embed.
+ - made integer constants type int in ev.h.
+
+3.2 Wed Apr 2 17:11:19 CEST 2008
+ - fix a 64 bit overflow issue in the select backend,
+ by using fd_mask instead of int for the mask.
+ - rename internal sighandler to avoid clash with very old perls.
+ - entering ev_loop will not clear the ONESHOT or NONBLOCKING
+ flags of any outer loops anymore.
+ - add ev_async_pending.
+
+3.1 Thu Mar 13 13:45:22 CET 2008
+ - implement ev_async watchers.
+ - only initialise signal pipe on demand.
+ - make use of sig_atomic_t configurable.
+ - improved documentation.
+
+3.0 Mon Jan 28 13:14:47 CET 2008
+ - API/ABI bump to version 3.0.
+ - ev++.h includes "ev.h" by default now, not <ev.h>.
+ - slightly improved documentation.
+ - speed up signal detection after a fork.
+ - only optionally return trace status changed in ev_child
+ watchers.
+ - experimental (and undocumented) loop wrappers for ev++.h.
+
+2.01 Tue Dec 25 08:04:41 CET 2007
+ - separate Changes file.
+ - fix ev_path_set => ev_stat_set typo.
+ - remove event_compat.h from the libev tarball.
+ - change how include files are found.
+ - doc updates.
+ - update licenses, explicitly allow for GPL relicensing.
+
+2.0 Sat Dec 22 17:47:03 CET 2007
+ - new ev_sleep, ev_set_(io|timeout)_collect_interval.
+ - removed epoll from embeddable fd set.
+ - fix embed watchers.
+ - renamed ev_embed.loop to other.
+ - added exported Symbol tables.
+ - undefine member wrapper macros at the end of ev.c.
+ - respect EV_H in ev++.h.
+
+1.86 Tue Dec 18 02:36:57 CET 2007
+ - fix memleak on loop destroy (not relevant for perl).
+
+1.85 Fri Dec 14 20:32:40 CET 2007
+ - fix some aliasing issues w.r.t. timers and periodics
+ (not relevant for perl).
+
+(for historic versions refer to EV/Changes, found in the Perl interface)
+
+0.1 Wed Oct 31 21:31:48 CET 2007
+ - original version; hacked together in <24h.
+
--- /dev/null
+All files in libev are Copyright (C)2007,2008 Marc Alexander Lehmann.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+met:
+
+ * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+ * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+ copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
+ disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
+ with the distribution.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+Alternatively, the contents of this package may be used under the terms
+of the GNU General Public License ("GPL") version 2 or any later version,
+in which case the provisions of the GPL are applicable instead of the
+above. If you wish to allow the use of your version of this package only
+under the terms of the GPL and not to allow others to use your version of
+this file under the BSD license, indicate your decision by deleting the
+provisions above and replace them with the notice and other provisions
+required by the GPL in this and the other files of this package. If you do
+not delete the provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this
+file under either the BSD or the GPL.
--- /dev/null
+AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS = foreign no-dependencies
+
+VERSION_INFO = 3:0
+
+EXTRA_DIST = LICENSE Changes libev.m4 autogen.sh \
+ ev_vars.h ev_wrap.h \
+ ev_epoll.c ev_select.c ev_poll.c ev_kqueue.c ev_port.c ev_win32.c \
+ ev.3 ev.pod
+
+man_MANS = ev.3
+
+include_HEADERS = ev.h ev++.h event.h
+
+lib_LTLIBRARIES = libev.la
+
+libev_la_SOURCES = ev.c event.c
+libev_la_LDFLAGS = -version-info $(VERSION_INFO)
+
--- /dev/null
+libev is a high-performance event loop/event model with lots of features.
+(see benchmark at http://libev.schmorp.de/bench.html)
+
+
+ABOUT
+
+ Homepage: http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/libev
+ Mailinglist: libev@lists.schmorp.de
+ http://lists.schmorp.de/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/libev
+ Library Documentation: http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/libev/ev.pod
+
+ Libev is modelled (very losely) after libevent and the Event perl
+ module, but is faster, scales better and is more correct, and also more
+ featureful. And also smaller. Yay.
+
+ Some of the specialties of libev not commonly found elsewhere are:
+
+ - extensive and detailed, readable documentation (not doxygen garbage).
+ - fully supports fork, can detect fork in various ways and automatically
+ re-arms kernel mechanisms that do not support fork.
+ - highly optimised select, poll, epoll, kqueue and event ports backends.
+ - filesystem object (path) watching (with optional linux inotify support).
+ - wallclock-based times (using absolute time, cron-like).
+ - relative timers/timeouts (handle time jumps).
+ - fast intra-thread communication between multiple
+ event loops (with optional fast linux eventfd backend).
+ - extremely easy to embed.
+ - very small codebase, no bloated library.
+ - fully extensible by being able to plug into the event loop,
+ integrate other event loops, integrate other event loop users.
+ - very little memory use (small watchers, small event loop data).
+ - optional C++ interface allowing method and function callbacks
+ at no extra memory or runtime overhead.
+ - optional Perl interface with similar characteristics (capable
+ of running Glib/Gtk2 on libev, interfaces with Net::SNMP and
+ libadns).
+ - support for other languages (multiple C++ interfaces, D, Ruby,
+ Python) available from third-parties.
+
+ Examples of programs that embed libev: the EV perl module,
+ rxvt-unicode, gvpe (GNU Virtual Private Ethernet), the Deliantra MMORPG
+ server (http://www.deliantra.net/), Rubinius (a next-generation Ruby
+ VM), the Ebb web server, the Rev event toolkit.
+
+
+CONTRIBUTORS
+
+ libev was written and designed by Marc Lehmann and Emanuele Giaquinta.
+
+ The following people sent in patches or made other noteworthy
+ contributions to the design (for minor patches, see the Changes
+ file. If I forgot to include you, please shout at me, it was an
+ accident):
+
+ W.C.A. Wijngaards
+ Christopher Layne
+ Chris Brody
+
--- /dev/null
+This file is now included in the main libev documentation, see
+
+ http://cvs.schmorp.de/libev/ev.html
--- /dev/null
+ev_async_send
+ev_async_start
+ev_async_stop
+ev_backend
+ev_check_start
+ev_check_stop
+ev_child_start
+ev_child_stop
+ev_clear_pending
+ev_default_destroy
+ev_default_fork
+ev_default_loop_init
+ev_default_loop_ptr
+ev_embed_start
+ev_embed_stop
+ev_embed_sweep
+ev_embeddable_backends
+ev_feed_event
+ev_feed_fd_event
+ev_feed_signal_event
+ev_fork_start
+ev_fork_stop
+ev_idle_start
+ev_idle_stop
+ev_invoke
+ev_io_start
+ev_io_stop
+ev_loop
+ev_loop_count
+ev_loop_destroy
+ev_loop_fork
+ev_loop_new
+ev_loop_verify
+ev_now
+ev_now_update
+ev_once
+ev_periodic_again
+ev_periodic_start
+ev_periodic_stop
+ev_prepare_start
+ev_prepare_stop
+ev_recommended_backends
+ev_ref
+ev_set_allocator
+ev_set_io_collect_interval
+ev_set_syserr_cb
+ev_set_timeout_collect_interval
+ev_signal_start
+ev_signal_stop
+ev_sleep
+ev_stat_start
+ev_stat_stat
+ev_stat_stop
+ev_supported_backends
+ev_time
+ev_timer_again
+ev_timer_start
+ev_timer_stop
+ev_unloop
+ev_unref
+ev_version_major
+ev_version_minor
--- /dev/null
+event_active
+event_add
+event_base_dispatch
+event_base_free
+event_base_loop
+event_base_loopexit
+event_base_once
+event_base_priority_init
+event_base_set
+event_del
+event_dispatch
+event_get_method
+event_get_version
+event_init
+event_loop
+event_loopexit
+event_once
+event_pending
+event_priority_init
+event_priority_set
+event_set
--- /dev/null
+#!/bin/sh
+
+libtoolize --force
+automake --add-missing
+autoreconf
+
--- /dev/null
+AC_INIT
+AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR([ev_epoll.c])
+
+AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE(libev,3.53)
+AC_CONFIG_HEADERS([config.h])
+AM_MAINTAINER_MODE
+
+AC_PROG_INSTALL
+AC_PROG_LIBTOOL
+
+if test "x$GCC" = xyes ; then
+ CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -O3"
+fi
+
+m4_include([libev.m4])
+
+AC_CONFIG_FILES([Makefile])
+AC_OUTPUT
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * libev simple C++ wrapper classes
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007,2008 Marc Alexander Lehmann <libev@schmorp.de>
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modifica-
+ * tion, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
+ * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MER-
+ * CHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
+ * EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPE-
+ * CIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+ * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
+ * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
+ * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTH-
+ * ERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
+ * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of
+ * the GNU General Public License ("GPL") version 2 or any later version,
+ * in which case the provisions of the GPL are applicable instead of
+ * the above. If you wish to allow the use of your version of this file
+ * only under the terms of the GPL and not to allow others to use your
+ * version of this file under the BSD license, indicate your decision
+ * by deleting the provisions above and replace them with the notice
+ * and other provisions required by the GPL. If you do not delete the
+ * provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this file under
+ * either the BSD or the GPL.
+ */
+
+#ifndef EVPP_H__
+#define EVPP_H__
+
+#ifdef EV_H
+# include EV_H
+#else
+# include "ev.h"
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_STDEXCEPT
+# define EV_USE_STDEXCEPT 1
+#endif
+
+#if EV_USE_STDEXCEPT
+# include <stdexcept>
+#endif
+
+namespace ev {
+
+ typedef ev_tstamp tstamp;
+
+ enum
+ {
+ UNDEF = EV_UNDEF,
+ NONE = EV_NONE,
+ READ = EV_READ,
+ WRITE = EV_WRITE,
+ TIMEOUT = EV_TIMEOUT,
+ PERIODIC = EV_PERIODIC,
+ SIGNAL = EV_SIGNAL,
+ CHILD = EV_CHILD,
+ STAT = EV_STAT,
+ IDLE = EV_IDLE,
+ CHECK = EV_CHECK,
+ PREPARE = EV_PREPARE,
+ FORK = EV_FORK,
+ ASYNC = EV_ASYNC,
+ EMBED = EV_EMBED,
+# undef ERROR // some systems stupidly #define ERROR
+ ERROR = EV_ERROR,
+ };
+
+ enum
+ {
+ AUTO = EVFLAG_AUTO,
+ NOENV = EVFLAG_NOENV,
+ FORKCHECK = EVFLAG_FORKCHECK,
+
+ SELECT = EVBACKEND_SELECT,
+ POLL = EVBACKEND_POLL,
+ EPOLL = EVBACKEND_EPOLL,
+ KQUEUE = EVBACKEND_KQUEUE,
+ DEVPOLL = EVBACKEND_DEVPOLL,
+ PORT = EVBACKEND_PORT
+ };
+
+ enum
+ {
+ NONBLOCK = EVLOOP_NONBLOCK,
+ ONESHOT = EVLOOP_ONESHOT
+ };
+
+ enum how_t
+ {
+ ONE = EVUNLOOP_ONE,
+ ALL = EVUNLOOP_ALL
+ };
+
+ struct bad_loop
+#if EV_USE_STDEXCEPT
+ : std::runtime_error
+#endif
+ {
+#if EV_USE_STDEXCEPT
+ bad_loop ()
+ : std::runtime_error ("libev event loop cannot be initialized, bad value of LIBEV_FLAGS?")
+ {
+ }
+#endif
+ };
+
+#ifdef EV_AX
+# undef EV_AX
+#endif
+
+#ifdef EV_AX_
+# undef EV_AX_
+#endif
+
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+# define EV_AX raw_loop
+# define EV_AX_ raw_loop,
+#else
+# define EV_AX
+# define EV_AX_
+#endif
+
+ struct loop_ref
+ {
+ loop_ref (EV_P) throw ()
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+ : EV_AX (EV_A)
+#endif
+ {
+ }
+
+ bool operator == (const loop_ref &other) const throw ()
+ {
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+ return EV_AX == other.EV_AX;
+#else
+ return true;
+#endif
+ }
+
+ bool operator != (const loop_ref &other) const throw ()
+ {
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+ return ! (*this == other);
+#else
+ return false;
+#endif
+ }
+
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+ bool operator == (const EV_P) const throw ()
+ {
+ return this->EV_AX == EV_A;
+ }
+
+ bool operator != (const EV_P) const throw ()
+ {
+ return (*this == EV_A);
+ }
+
+ operator struct ev_loop * () const throw ()
+ {
+ return EV_AX;
+ }
+
+ operator const struct ev_loop * () const throw ()
+ {
+ return EV_AX;
+ }
+
+ bool is_default () const throw ()
+ {
+ return EV_AX == ev_default_loop (0);
+ }
+#endif
+
+ void loop (int flags = 0)
+ {
+ ev_loop (EV_AX_ flags);
+ }
+
+ void unloop (how_t how = ONE) throw ()
+ {
+ ev_unloop (EV_AX_ how);
+ }
+
+ void post_fork () throw ()
+ {
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+ ev_loop_fork (EV_AX);
+#else
+ ev_default_fork ();
+#endif
+ }
+
+ unsigned int count () const throw ()
+ {
+ return ev_loop_count (EV_AX);
+ }
+
+ unsigned int backend () const throw ()
+ {
+ return ev_backend (EV_AX);
+ }
+
+ tstamp now () const throw ()
+ {
+ return ev_now (EV_AX);
+ }
+
+ void ref () throw ()
+ {
+ ev_ref (EV_AX);
+ }
+
+ void unref () throw ()
+ {
+ ev_unref (EV_AX);
+ }
+
+ void set_io_collect_interval (tstamp interval) throw ()
+ {
+ ev_set_io_collect_interval (EV_AX_ interval);
+ }
+
+ void set_timeout_collect_interval (tstamp interval) throw ()
+ {
+ ev_set_timeout_collect_interval (EV_AX_ interval);
+ }
+
+ // function callback
+ void once (int fd, int events, tstamp timeout, void (*cb)(int, void *), void *arg = 0) throw ()
+ {
+ ev_once (EV_AX_ fd, events, timeout, cb, arg);
+ }
+
+ // method callback
+ template<class K, void (K::*method)(int)>
+ void once (int fd, int events, tstamp timeout, K *object) throw ()
+ {
+ once (fd, events, timeout, method_thunk<K, method>, object);
+ }
+
+ // default method == operator ()
+ template<class K>
+ void once (int fd, int events, tstamp timeout, K *object) throw ()
+ {
+ once (fd, events, timeout, method_thunk<K, &K::operator ()>, object);
+ }
+
+ template<class K, void (K::*method)(int)>
+ static void method_thunk (int revents, void *arg)
+ {
+ static_cast<K *>(arg)->*method
+ (revents);
+ }
+
+ // no-argument method callback
+ template<class K, void (K::*method)()>
+ void once (int fd, int events, tstamp timeout, K *object) throw ()
+ {
+ once (fd, events, timeout, method_noargs_thunk<K, method>, object);
+ }
+
+ template<class K, void (K::*method)()>
+ static void method_noargs_thunk (int revents, void *arg)
+ {
+ static_cast<K *>(arg)->*method
+ ();
+ }
+
+ // simpler function callback
+ template<void (*cb)(int)>
+ void once (int fd, int events, tstamp timeout) throw ()
+ {
+ once (fd, events, timeout, simpler_func_thunk<cb>);
+ }
+
+ template<void (*cb)(int)>
+ static void simpler_func_thunk (int revents, void *arg)
+ {
+ (*cb)
+ (revents);
+ }
+
+ // simplest function callback
+ template<void (*cb)()>
+ void once (int fd, int events, tstamp timeout) throw ()
+ {
+ once (fd, events, timeout, simplest_func_thunk<cb>);
+ }
+
+ template<void (*cb)()>
+ static void simplest_func_thunk (int revents, void *arg)
+ {
+ (*cb)
+ ();
+ }
+
+ void feed_fd_event (int fd, int revents) throw ()
+ {
+ ev_feed_fd_event (EV_AX_ fd, revents);
+ }
+
+ void feed_signal_event (int signum) throw ()
+ {
+ ev_feed_signal_event (EV_AX_ signum);
+ }
+
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+ struct ev_loop* EV_AX;
+#endif
+
+ };
+
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+ struct dynamic_loop : loop_ref
+ {
+
+ dynamic_loop (unsigned int flags = AUTO) throw (bad_loop)
+ : loop_ref (ev_loop_new (flags))
+ {
+ if (!EV_AX)
+ throw bad_loop ();
+ }
+
+ ~dynamic_loop () throw ()
+ {
+ ev_loop_destroy (EV_AX);
+ EV_AX = 0;
+ }
+
+ private:
+
+ dynamic_loop (const dynamic_loop &);
+
+ dynamic_loop & operator= (const dynamic_loop &);
+
+ };
+#endif
+
+ struct default_loop : loop_ref
+ {
+ default_loop (unsigned int flags = AUTO) throw (bad_loop)
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+ : loop_ref (ev_default_loop (flags))
+#endif
+ {
+ if (
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+ !EV_AX
+#else
+ !ev_default_loop (flags)
+#endif
+ )
+ throw bad_loop ();
+ }
+
+ ~default_loop () throw ()
+ {
+ ev_default_destroy ();
+ }
+
+ private:
+ default_loop (const default_loop &);
+ default_loop &operator = (const default_loop &);
+ };
+
+ inline loop_ref get_default_loop () throw ()
+ {
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+ return ev_default_loop (0);
+#else
+ return loop_ref ();
+#endif
+ }
+
+#undef EV_AX
+#undef EV_AX_
+
+#undef EV_PX
+#undef EV_PX_
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+# define EV_PX loop_ref EV_A
+# define EV_PX_ loop_ref EV_A_
+#else
+# define EV_PX
+# define EV_PX_
+#endif
+
+ template<class ev_watcher, class watcher>
+ struct base : ev_watcher
+ {
+ #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+ EV_PX;
+
+ void set (EV_P) throw ()
+ {
+ this->EV_A = EV_A;
+ }
+ #endif
+
+ base (EV_PX) throw ()
+ #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+ : EV_A (EV_A)
+ #endif
+ {
+ ev_init (this, 0);
+ }
+
+ void set_ (const void *data, void (*cb)(EV_P_ ev_watcher *w, int revents)) throw ()
+ {
+ this->data = (void *)data;
+ ev_set_cb (static_cast<ev_watcher *>(this), cb);
+ }
+
+ // function callback
+ template<void (*function)(watcher &w, int)>
+ void set (void *data = 0) throw ()
+ {
+ set_ (data, function_thunk<function>);
+ }
+
+ template<void (*function)(watcher &w, int)>
+ static void function_thunk (EV_P_ ev_watcher *w, int revents)
+ {
+ function
+ (*static_cast<watcher *>(w), revents);
+ }
+
+ // method callback
+ template<class K, void (K::*method)(watcher &w, int)>
+ void set (K *object) throw ()
+ {
+ set_ (object, method_thunk<K, method>);
+ }
+
+ // default method == operator ()
+ template<class K>
+ void set (K *object) throw ()
+ {
+ set_ (object, method_thunk<K, &K::operator ()>);
+ }
+
+ template<class K, void (K::*method)(watcher &w, int)>
+ static void method_thunk (EV_P_ ev_watcher *w, int revents)
+ {
+ (static_cast<K *>(w->data)->*method)
+ (*static_cast<watcher *>(w), revents);
+ }
+
+ // no-argument callback
+ template<class K, void (K::*method)()>
+ void set (K *object) throw ()
+ {
+ set_ (object, method_noargs_thunk<K, method>);
+ }
+
+ template<class K, void (K::*method)()>
+ static void method_noargs_thunk (EV_P_ ev_watcher *w, int revents)
+ {
+ static_cast<K *>(w->data)->*method
+ ();
+ }
+
+ void operator ()(int events = EV_UNDEF)
+ {
+ return
+ ev_cb (static_cast<ev_watcher *>(this))
+ (static_cast<ev_watcher *>(this), events);
+ }
+
+ bool is_active () const throw ()
+ {
+ return ev_is_active (static_cast<const ev_watcher *>(this));
+ }
+
+ bool is_pending () const throw ()
+ {
+ return ev_is_pending (static_cast<const ev_watcher *>(this));
+ }
+
+ void feed_event (int revents) throw ()
+ {
+ ev_feed_event (EV_A_ static_cast<const ev_watcher *>(this), revents);
+ }
+ };
+
+ inline tstamp now () throw ()
+ {
+ return ev_time ();
+ }
+
+ inline void delay (tstamp interval) throw ()
+ {
+ ev_sleep (interval);
+ }
+
+ inline int version_major () throw ()
+ {
+ return ev_version_major ();
+ }
+
+ inline int version_minor () throw ()
+ {
+ return ev_version_minor ();
+ }
+
+ inline unsigned int supported_backends () throw ()
+ {
+ return ev_supported_backends ();
+ }
+
+ inline unsigned int recommended_backends () throw ()
+ {
+ return ev_recommended_backends ();
+ }
+
+ inline unsigned int embeddable_backends () throw ()
+ {
+ return ev_embeddable_backends ();
+ }
+
+ inline void set_allocator (void *(*cb)(void *ptr, long size)) throw ()
+ {
+ ev_set_allocator (cb);
+ }
+
+ inline void set_syserr_cb (void (*cb)(const char *msg)) throw ()
+ {
+ ev_set_syserr_cb (cb);
+ }
+
+ #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+ #define EV_CONSTRUCT(cppstem,cstem) \
+ (EV_PX = get_default_loop ()) throw () \
+ : base<ev_ ## cstem, cppstem> (EV_A) \
+ { \
+ }
+ #else
+ #define EV_CONSTRUCT(cppstem,cstem) \
+ () throw () \
+ { \
+ }
+ #endif
+
+ /* using a template here would require quite a bit more lines,
+ * so a macro solution was chosen */
+ #define EV_BEGIN_WATCHER(cppstem,cstem) \
+ \
+ struct cppstem : base<ev_ ## cstem, cppstem> \
+ { \
+ void start () throw () \
+ { \
+ ev_ ## cstem ## _start (EV_A_ static_cast<ev_ ## cstem *>(this)); \
+ } \
+ \
+ void stop () throw () \
+ { \
+ ev_ ## cstem ## _stop (EV_A_ static_cast<ev_ ## cstem *>(this)); \
+ } \
+ \
+ cppstem EV_CONSTRUCT(cppstem,cstem) \
+ \
+ ~cppstem () throw () \
+ { \
+ stop (); \
+ } \
+ \
+ using base<ev_ ## cstem, cppstem>::set; \
+ \
+ private: \
+ \
+ cppstem (const cppstem &o); \
+ \
+ cppstem &operator =(const cppstem &o); \
+ \
+ public:
+
+ #define EV_END_WATCHER(cppstem,cstem) \
+ };
+
+ EV_BEGIN_WATCHER (io, io)
+ void set (int fd, int events) throw ()
+ {
+ int active = is_active ();
+ if (active) stop ();
+ ev_io_set (static_cast<ev_io *>(this), fd, events);
+ if (active) start ();
+ }
+
+ void set (int events) throw ()
+ {
+ int active = is_active ();
+ if (active) stop ();
+ ev_io_set (static_cast<ev_io *>(this), fd, events);
+ if (active) start ();
+ }
+
+ void start (int fd, int events) throw ()
+ {
+ set (fd, events);
+ start ();
+ }
+ EV_END_WATCHER (io, io)
+
+ EV_BEGIN_WATCHER (timer, timer)
+ void set (ev_tstamp after, ev_tstamp repeat = 0.) throw ()
+ {
+ int active = is_active ();
+ if (active) stop ();
+ ev_timer_set (static_cast<ev_timer *>(this), after, repeat);
+ if (active) start ();
+ }
+
+ void start (ev_tstamp after, ev_tstamp repeat = 0.) throw ()
+ {
+ set (after, repeat);
+ start ();
+ }
+
+ void again () throw ()
+ {
+ ev_timer_again (EV_A_ static_cast<ev_timer *>(this));
+ }
+ EV_END_WATCHER (timer, timer)
+
+ #if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+ EV_BEGIN_WATCHER (periodic, periodic)
+ void set (ev_tstamp at, ev_tstamp interval = 0.) throw ()
+ {
+ int active = is_active ();
+ if (active) stop ();
+ ev_periodic_set (static_cast<ev_periodic *>(this), at, interval, 0);
+ if (active) start ();
+ }
+
+ void start (ev_tstamp at, ev_tstamp interval = 0.) throw ()
+ {
+ set (at, interval);
+ start ();
+ }
+
+ void again () throw ()
+ {
+ ev_periodic_again (EV_A_ static_cast<ev_periodic *>(this));
+ }
+ EV_END_WATCHER (periodic, periodic)
+ #endif
+
+ EV_BEGIN_WATCHER (sig, signal)
+ void set (int signum) throw ()
+ {
+ int active = is_active ();
+ if (active) stop ();
+ ev_signal_set (static_cast<ev_signal *>(this), signum);
+ if (active) start ();
+ }
+
+ void start (int signum) throw ()
+ {
+ set (signum);
+ start ();
+ }
+ EV_END_WATCHER (sig, signal)
+
+ EV_BEGIN_WATCHER (child, child)
+ void set (int pid, int trace = 0) throw ()
+ {
+ int active = is_active ();
+ if (active) stop ();
+ ev_child_set (static_cast<ev_child *>(this), pid, trace);
+ if (active) start ();
+ }
+
+ void start (int pid, int trace = 0) throw ()
+ {
+ set (pid, trace);
+ start ();
+ }
+ EV_END_WATCHER (child, child)
+
+ #if EV_STAT_ENABLE
+ EV_BEGIN_WATCHER (stat, stat)
+ void set (const char *path, ev_tstamp interval = 0.) throw ()
+ {
+ int active = is_active ();
+ if (active) stop ();
+ ev_stat_set (static_cast<ev_stat *>(this), path, interval);
+ if (active) start ();
+ }
+
+ void start (const char *path, ev_tstamp interval = 0.) throw ()
+ {
+ stop ();
+ set (path, interval);
+ start ();
+ }
+
+ void update () throw ()
+ {
+ ev_stat_stat (EV_A_ static_cast<ev_stat *>(this));
+ }
+ EV_END_WATCHER (stat, stat)
+ #endif
+
+ EV_BEGIN_WATCHER (idle, idle)
+ void set () throw () { }
+ EV_END_WATCHER (idle, idle)
+
+ EV_BEGIN_WATCHER (prepare, prepare)
+ void set () throw () { }
+ EV_END_WATCHER (prepare, prepare)
+
+ EV_BEGIN_WATCHER (check, check)
+ void set () throw () { }
+ EV_END_WATCHER (check, check)
+
+ #if EV_EMBED_ENABLE
+ EV_BEGIN_WATCHER (embed, embed)
+ void set (struct ev_loop *embedded_loop) throw ()
+ {
+ int active = is_active ();
+ if (active) stop ();
+ ev_embed_set (static_cast<ev_embed *>(this), embedded_loop);
+ if (active) start ();
+ }
+
+ void start (struct ev_loop *embedded_loop) throw ()
+ {
+ set (embedded_loop);
+ start ();
+ }
+
+ void sweep ()
+ {
+ ev_embed_sweep (EV_A_ static_cast<ev_embed *>(this));
+ }
+ EV_END_WATCHER (embed, embed)
+ #endif
+
+ #if EV_FORK_ENABLE
+ EV_BEGIN_WATCHER (fork, fork)
+ void set () throw () { }
+ EV_END_WATCHER (fork, fork)
+ #endif
+
+ #if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
+ EV_BEGIN_WATCHER (async, async)
+ void set () throw () { }
+
+ void send () throw ()
+ {
+ ev_async_send (EV_A_ static_cast<ev_async *>(this));
+ }
+
+ bool async_pending () throw ()
+ {
+ return ev_async_pending (static_cast<ev_async *>(this));
+ }
+ EV_END_WATCHER (async, async)
+ #endif
+
+ #undef EV_PX
+ #undef EV_PX_
+ #undef EV_CONSTRUCT
+ #undef EV_BEGIN_WATCHER
+ #undef EV_END_WATCHER
+}
+
+#endif
+
--- /dev/null
+.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 2.16 (Pod::Simple 3.05)
+.\"
+.\" Standard preamble:
+.\" ========================================================================
+.de Sh \" Subsection heading
+.br
+.if t .Sp
+.ne 5
+.PP
+\fB\\$1\fR
+.PP
+..
+.de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP)
+.if t .sp .5v
+.if n .sp
+..
+.de Vb \" Begin verbatim text
+.ft CW
+.nf
+.ne \\$1
+..
+.de Ve \" End verbatim text
+.ft R
+.fi
+..
+.\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will
+.\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left
+.\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. \*(C+ will
+.\" give a nicer C++. Capital omega is used to do unbreakable dashes and
+.\" therefore won't be available. \*(C` and \*(C' expand to `' in nroff,
+.\" nothing in troff, for use with C<>.
+.tr \(*W-
+.ds C+ C\v'-.1v'\h'-1p'\s-2+\h'-1p'+\s0\v'.1v'\h'-1p'
+.ie n \{\
+. ds -- \(*W-
+. ds PI pi
+. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=24u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-12u'-\" diablo 10 pitch
+. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=20u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-8u'-\" diablo 12 pitch
+. ds L" ""
+. ds R" ""
+. ds C` ""
+. ds C' ""
+'br\}
+.el\{\
+. ds -- \|\(em\|
+. ds PI \(*p
+. ds L" ``
+. ds R" ''
+'br\}
+.\"
+.\" Escape single quotes in literal strings from groff's Unicode transform.
+.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq
+.el .ds Aq '
+.\"
+.\" If the F register is turned on, we'll generate index entries on stderr for
+.\" titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.Sh), items (.Ip), and index
+.\" entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process the
+.\" output yourself in some meaningful fashion.
+.ie \nF \{\
+. de IX
+. tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2"
+..
+. nr % 0
+. rr F
+.\}
+.el \{\
+. de IX
+..
+.\}
+.\"
+.\" Accent mark definitions (@(#)ms.acc 1.5 88/02/08 SMI; from UCB 4.2).
+.\" Fear. Run. Save yourself. No user-serviceable parts.
+. \" fudge factors for nroff and troff
+.if n \{\
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+. ds #V .8m
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+. ds #[ \f1
+. ds #] \fP
+.\}
+.if t \{\
+. ds #H ((1u-(\\\\n(.fu%2u))*.13m)
+. ds #V .6m
+. ds #F 0
+. ds #[ \&
+. ds #] \&
+.\}
+. \" simple accents for nroff and troff
+.if n \{\
+. ds ' \&
+. ds ` \&
+. ds ^ \&
+. ds , \&
+. ds ~ ~
+. ds /
+.\}
+.if t \{\
+. ds ' \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\'\h"|\\n:u"
+. ds ` \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\`\h'|\\n:u'
+. ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'^\h'|\\n:u'
+. ds , \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10)',\h'|\\n:u'
+. ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu-\*(#H-.1m)'~\h'|\\n:u'
+. ds / \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\z\(sl\h'|\\n:u'
+.\}
+. \" troff and (daisy-wheel) nroff accents
+.ds : \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H+.1m+\*(#F)'\v'-\*(#V'\z.\h'.2m+\*(#F'.\h'|\\n:u'\v'\*(#V'
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+.ds Th \*(#[\s+2I\s-2\h'-\w'I'u*3/5'\v'-.3m'o\v'.3m'\*(#]
+.ds ae a\h'-(\w'a'u*4/10)'e
+.ds Ae A\h'-(\w'A'u*4/10)'E
+. \" corrections for vroff
+.if v .ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*9/10-\*(#H)'\s-2\u~\d\s+2\h'|\\n:u'
+.if v .ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'\v'-.4m'^\v'.4m'\h'|\\n:u'
+. \" for low resolution devices (crt and lpr)
+.if \n(.H>23 .if \n(.V>19 \
+\{\
+. ds : e
+. ds 8 ss
+. ds o a
+. ds d- d\h'-1'\(ga
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+. ds th \o'bp'
+. ds Th \o'LP'
+. ds ae ae
+. ds Ae AE
+.\}
+.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C
+.\" ========================================================================
+.\"
+.IX Title "LIBEV 3"
+.TH LIBEV 3 "2009-02-06" "libev-3.53" "libev - high performance full featured event loop"
+.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
+.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
+.if n .ad l
+.nh
+.SH "NAME"
+libev \- a high performance full\-featured event loop written in C
+.SH "SYNOPSIS"
+.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
+.Vb 1
+\& #include <ev.h>
+.Ve
+.Sh "\s-1EXAMPLE\s0 \s-1PROGRAM\s0"
+.IX Subsection "EXAMPLE PROGRAM"
+.Vb 2
+\& // a single header file is required
+\& #include <ev.h>
+\&
+\& #include <stdio.h> // for puts
+\&
+\& // every watcher type has its own typedef\*(Aqd struct
+\& // with the name ev_TYPE
+\& ev_io stdin_watcher;
+\& ev_timer timeout_watcher;
+\&
+\& // all watcher callbacks have a similar signature
+\& // this callback is called when data is readable on stdin
+\& static void
+\& stdin_cb (EV_P_ ev_io *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& puts ("stdin ready");
+\& // for one\-shot events, one must manually stop the watcher
+\& // with its corresponding stop function.
+\& ev_io_stop (EV_A_ w);
+\&
+\& // this causes all nested ev_loop\*(Aqs to stop iterating
+\& ev_unloop (EV_A_ EVUNLOOP_ALL);
+\& }
+\&
+\& // another callback, this time for a time\-out
+\& static void
+\& timeout_cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& puts ("timeout");
+\& // this causes the innermost ev_loop to stop iterating
+\& ev_unloop (EV_A_ EVUNLOOP_ONE);
+\& }
+\&
+\& int
+\& main (void)
+\& {
+\& // use the default event loop unless you have special needs
+\& struct ev_loop *loop = ev_default_loop (0);
+\&
+\& // initialise an io watcher, then start it
+\& // this one will watch for stdin to become readable
+\& ev_io_init (&stdin_watcher, stdin_cb, /*STDIN_FILENO*/ 0, EV_READ);
+\& ev_io_start (loop, &stdin_watcher);
+\&
+\& // initialise a timer watcher, then start it
+\& // simple non\-repeating 5.5 second timeout
+\& ev_timer_init (&timeout_watcher, timeout_cb, 5.5, 0.);
+\& ev_timer_start (loop, &timeout_watcher);
+\&
+\& // now wait for events to arrive
+\& ev_loop (loop, 0);
+\&
+\& // unloop was called, so exit
+\& return 0;
+\& }
+.Ve
+.SH "DESCRIPTION"
+.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
+The newest version of this document is also available as an html-formatted
+web page you might find easier to navigate when reading it for the first
+time: <http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/libev/ev.pod>.
+.PP
+Libev is an event loop: you register interest in certain events (such as a
+file descriptor being readable or a timeout occurring), and it will manage
+these event sources and provide your program with events.
+.PP
+To do this, it must take more or less complete control over your process
+(or thread) by executing the \fIevent loop\fR handler, and will then
+communicate events via a callback mechanism.
+.PP
+You register interest in certain events by registering so-called \fIevent
+watchers\fR, which are relatively small C structures you initialise with the
+details of the event, and then hand it over to libev by \fIstarting\fR the
+watcher.
+.Sh "\s-1FEATURES\s0"
+.IX Subsection "FEATURES"
+Libev supports \f(CW\*(C`select\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`poll\*(C'\fR, the Linux-specific \f(CW\*(C`epoll\*(C'\fR, the
+BSD-specific \f(CW\*(C`kqueue\*(C'\fR and the Solaris-specific event port mechanisms
+for file descriptor events (\f(CW\*(C`ev_io\*(C'\fR), the Linux \f(CW\*(C`inotify\*(C'\fR interface
+(for \f(CW\*(C`ev_stat\*(C'\fR), relative timers (\f(CW\*(C`ev_timer\*(C'\fR), absolute timers
+with customised rescheduling (\f(CW\*(C`ev_periodic\*(C'\fR), synchronous signals
+(\f(CW\*(C`ev_signal\*(C'\fR), process status change events (\f(CW\*(C`ev_child\*(C'\fR), and event
+watchers dealing with the event loop mechanism itself (\f(CW\*(C`ev_idle\*(C'\fR,
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_embed\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`ev_prepare\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`ev_check\*(C'\fR watchers) as well as
+file watchers (\f(CW\*(C`ev_stat\*(C'\fR) and even limited support for fork events
+(\f(CW\*(C`ev_fork\*(C'\fR).
+.PP
+It also is quite fast (see this
+benchmark comparing it to libevent
+for example).
+.Sh "\s-1CONVENTIONS\s0"
+.IX Subsection "CONVENTIONS"
+Libev is very configurable. In this manual the default (and most common)
+configuration will be described, which supports multiple event loops. For
+more info about various configuration options please have a look at
+\&\fB\s-1EMBED\s0\fR section in this manual. If libev was configured without support
+for multiple event loops, then all functions taking an initial argument of
+name \f(CW\*(C`loop\*(C'\fR (which is always of type \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop *\*(C'\fR) will not have
+this argument.
+.Sh "\s-1TIME\s0 \s-1REPRESENTATION\s0"
+.IX Subsection "TIME REPRESENTATION"
+Libev represents time as a single floating point number, representing the
+(fractional) number of seconds since the (\s-1POSIX\s0) epoch (somewhere near
+the beginning of 1970, details are complicated, don't ask). This type is
+called \f(CW\*(C`ev_tstamp\*(C'\fR, which is what you should use too. It usually aliases
+to the \f(CW\*(C`double\*(C'\fR type in C, and when you need to do any calculations on
+it, you should treat it as some floating point value. Unlike the name
+component \f(CW\*(C`stamp\*(C'\fR might indicate, it is also used for time differences
+throughout libev.
+.SH "ERROR HANDLING"
+.IX Header "ERROR HANDLING"
+Libev knows three classes of errors: operating system errors, usage errors
+and internal errors (bugs).
+.PP
+When libev catches an operating system error it cannot handle (for example
+a system call indicating a condition libev cannot fix), it calls the callback
+set via \f(CW\*(C`ev_set_syserr_cb\*(C'\fR, which is supposed to fix the problem or
+abort. The default is to print a diagnostic message and to call \f(CW\*(C`abort
+()\*(C'\fR.
+.PP
+When libev detects a usage error such as a negative timer interval, then
+it will print a diagnostic message and abort (via the \f(CW\*(C`assert\*(C'\fR mechanism,
+so \f(CW\*(C`NDEBUG\*(C'\fR will disable this checking): these are programming errors in
+the libev caller and need to be fixed there.
+.PP
+Libev also has a few internal error-checking \f(CW\*(C`assert\*(C'\fRions, and also has
+extensive consistency checking code. These do not trigger under normal
+circumstances, as they indicate either a bug in libev or worse.
+.SH "GLOBAL FUNCTIONS"
+.IX Header "GLOBAL FUNCTIONS"
+These functions can be called anytime, even before initialising the
+library in any way.
+.IP "ev_tstamp ev_time ()" 4
+.IX Item "ev_tstamp ev_time ()"
+Returns the current time as libev would use it. Please note that the
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_now\*(C'\fR function is usually faster and also often returns the timestamp
+you actually want to know.
+.IP "ev_sleep (ev_tstamp interval)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_sleep (ev_tstamp interval)"
+Sleep for the given interval: The current thread will be blocked until
+either it is interrupted or the given time interval has passed. Basically
+this is a sub-second-resolution \f(CW\*(C`sleep ()\*(C'\fR.
+.IP "int ev_version_major ()" 4
+.IX Item "int ev_version_major ()"
+.PD 0
+.IP "int ev_version_minor ()" 4
+.IX Item "int ev_version_minor ()"
+.PD
+You can find out the major and minor \s-1ABI\s0 version numbers of the library
+you linked against by calling the functions \f(CW\*(C`ev_version_major\*(C'\fR and
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_version_minor\*(C'\fR. If you want, you can compare against the global
+symbols \f(CW\*(C`EV_VERSION_MAJOR\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`EV_VERSION_MINOR\*(C'\fR, which specify the
+version of the library your program was compiled against.
+.Sp
+These version numbers refer to the \s-1ABI\s0 version of the library, not the
+release version.
+.Sp
+Usually, it's a good idea to terminate if the major versions mismatch,
+as this indicates an incompatible change. Minor versions are usually
+compatible to older versions, so a larger minor version alone is usually
+not a problem.
+.Sp
+Example: Make sure we haven't accidentally been linked against the wrong
+version.
+.Sp
+.Vb 3
+\& assert (("libev version mismatch",
+\& ev_version_major () == EV_VERSION_MAJOR
+\& && ev_version_minor () >= EV_VERSION_MINOR));
+.Ve
+.IP "unsigned int ev_supported_backends ()" 4
+.IX Item "unsigned int ev_supported_backends ()"
+Return the set of all backends (i.e. their corresponding \f(CW\*(C`EV_BACKEND_*\*(C'\fR
+value) compiled into this binary of libev (independent of their
+availability on the system you are running on). See \f(CW\*(C`ev_default_loop\*(C'\fR for
+a description of the set values.
+.Sp
+Example: make sure we have the epoll method, because yeah this is cool and
+a must have and can we have a torrent of it please!!!11
+.Sp
+.Vb 2
+\& assert (("sorry, no epoll, no sex",
+\& ev_supported_backends () & EVBACKEND_EPOLL));
+.Ve
+.IP "unsigned int ev_recommended_backends ()" 4
+.IX Item "unsigned int ev_recommended_backends ()"
+Return the set of all backends compiled into this binary of libev and also
+recommended for this platform. This set is often smaller than the one
+returned by \f(CW\*(C`ev_supported_backends\*(C'\fR, as for example kqueue is broken on
+most BSDs and will not be auto-detected unless you explicitly request it
+(assuming you know what you are doing). This is the set of backends that
+libev will probe for if you specify no backends explicitly.
+.IP "unsigned int ev_embeddable_backends ()" 4
+.IX Item "unsigned int ev_embeddable_backends ()"
+Returns the set of backends that are embeddable in other event loops. This
+is the theoretical, all-platform, value. To find which backends
+might be supported on the current system, you would need to look at
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_embeddable_backends () & ev_supported_backends ()\*(C'\fR, likewise for
+recommended ones.
+.Sp
+See the description of \f(CW\*(C`ev_embed\*(C'\fR watchers for more info.
+.IP "ev_set_allocator (void *(*cb)(void *ptr, long size)) [\s-1NOT\s0 \s-1REENTRANT\s0]" 4
+.IX Item "ev_set_allocator (void *(*cb)(void *ptr, long size)) [NOT REENTRANT]"
+Sets the allocation function to use (the prototype is similar \- the
+semantics are identical to the \f(CW\*(C`realloc\*(C'\fR C89/SuS/POSIX function). It is
+used to allocate and free memory (no surprises here). If it returns zero
+when memory needs to be allocated (\f(CW\*(C`size != 0\*(C'\fR), the library might abort
+or take some potentially destructive action.
+.Sp
+Since some systems (at least OpenBSD and Darwin) fail to implement
+correct \f(CW\*(C`realloc\*(C'\fR semantics, libev will use a wrapper around the system
+\&\f(CW\*(C`realloc\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`free\*(C'\fR functions by default.
+.Sp
+You could override this function in high-availability programs to, say,
+free some memory if it cannot allocate memory, to use a special allocator,
+or even to sleep a while and retry until some memory is available.
+.Sp
+Example: Replace the libev allocator with one that waits a bit and then
+retries (example requires a standards-compliant \f(CW\*(C`realloc\*(C'\fR).
+.Sp
+.Vb 6
+\& static void *
+\& persistent_realloc (void *ptr, size_t size)
+\& {
+\& for (;;)
+\& {
+\& void *newptr = realloc (ptr, size);
+\&
+\& if (newptr)
+\& return newptr;
+\&
+\& sleep (60);
+\& }
+\& }
+\&
+\& ...
+\& ev_set_allocator (persistent_realloc);
+.Ve
+.IP "ev_set_syserr_cb (void (*cb)(const char *msg)); [\s-1NOT\s0 \s-1REENTRANT\s0]" 4
+.IX Item "ev_set_syserr_cb (void (*cb)(const char *msg)); [NOT REENTRANT]"
+Set the callback function to call on a retryable system call error (such
+as failed select, poll, epoll_wait). The message is a printable string
+indicating the system call or subsystem causing the problem. If this
+callback is set, then libev will expect it to remedy the situation, no
+matter what, when it returns. That is, libev will generally retry the
+requested operation, or, if the condition doesn't go away, do bad stuff
+(such as abort).
+.Sp
+Example: This is basically the same thing that libev does internally, too.
+.Sp
+.Vb 6
+\& static void
+\& fatal_error (const char *msg)
+\& {
+\& perror (msg);
+\& abort ();
+\& }
+\&
+\& ...
+\& ev_set_syserr_cb (fatal_error);
+.Ve
+.SH "FUNCTIONS CONTROLLING THE EVENT LOOP"
+.IX Header "FUNCTIONS CONTROLLING THE EVENT LOOP"
+An event loop is described by a \f(CW\*(C`struct ev_loop *\*(C'\fR (the \f(CW\*(C`struct\*(C'\fR
+is \fInot\fR optional in this case, as there is also an \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR
+\&\fIfunction\fR).
+.PP
+The library knows two types of such loops, the \fIdefault\fR loop, which
+supports signals and child events, and dynamically created loops which do
+not.
+.IP "struct ev_loop *ev_default_loop (unsigned int flags)" 4
+.IX Item "struct ev_loop *ev_default_loop (unsigned int flags)"
+This will initialise the default event loop if it hasn't been initialised
+yet and return it. If the default loop could not be initialised, returns
+false. If it already was initialised it simply returns it (and ignores the
+flags. If that is troubling you, check \f(CW\*(C`ev_backend ()\*(C'\fR afterwards).
+.Sp
+If you don't know what event loop to use, use the one returned from this
+function.
+.Sp
+Note that this function is \fInot\fR thread-safe, so if you want to use it
+from multiple threads, you have to lock (note also that this is unlikely,
+as loops cannot be shared easily between threads anyway).
+.Sp
+The default loop is the only loop that can handle \f(CW\*(C`ev_signal\*(C'\fR and
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_child\*(C'\fR watchers, and to do this, it always registers a handler
+for \f(CW\*(C`SIGCHLD\*(C'\fR. If this is a problem for your application you can either
+create a dynamic loop with \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop_new\*(C'\fR that doesn't do that, or you
+can simply overwrite the \f(CW\*(C`SIGCHLD\*(C'\fR signal handler \fIafter\fR calling
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_default_init\*(C'\fR.
+.Sp
+The flags argument can be used to specify special behaviour or specific
+backends to use, and is usually specified as \f(CW0\fR (or \f(CW\*(C`EVFLAG_AUTO\*(C'\fR).
+.Sp
+The following flags are supported:
+.RS 4
+.ie n .IP """EVFLAG_AUTO""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEVFLAG_AUTO\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EVFLAG_AUTO"
+The default flags value. Use this if you have no clue (it's the right
+thing, believe me).
+.ie n .IP """EVFLAG_NOENV""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEVFLAG_NOENV\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EVFLAG_NOENV"
+If this flag bit is or'ed into the flag value (or the program runs setuid
+or setgid) then libev will \fInot\fR look at the environment variable
+\&\f(CW\*(C`LIBEV_FLAGS\*(C'\fR. Otherwise (the default), this environment variable will
+override the flags completely if it is found in the environment. This is
+useful to try out specific backends to test their performance, or to work
+around bugs.
+.ie n .IP """EVFLAG_FORKCHECK""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEVFLAG_FORKCHECK\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EVFLAG_FORKCHECK"
+Instead of calling \f(CW\*(C`ev_default_fork\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop_fork\*(C'\fR manually after
+a fork, you can also make libev check for a fork in each iteration by
+enabling this flag.
+.Sp
+This works by calling \f(CW\*(C`getpid ()\*(C'\fR on every iteration of the loop,
+and thus this might slow down your event loop if you do a lot of loop
+iterations and little real work, but is usually not noticeable (on my
+GNU/Linux system for example, \f(CW\*(C`getpid\*(C'\fR is actually a simple 5\-insn sequence
+without a system call and thus \fIvery\fR fast, but my GNU/Linux system also has
+\&\f(CW\*(C`pthread_atfork\*(C'\fR which is even faster).
+.Sp
+The big advantage of this flag is that you can forget about fork (and
+forget about forgetting to tell libev about forking) when you use this
+flag.
+.Sp
+This flag setting cannot be overridden or specified in the \f(CW\*(C`LIBEV_FLAGS\*(C'\fR
+environment variable.
+.ie n .IP """EVBACKEND_SELECT"" (value 1, portable select backend)" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEVBACKEND_SELECT\fR (value 1, portable select backend)" 4
+.IX Item "EVBACKEND_SELECT (value 1, portable select backend)"
+This is your standard \fIselect\fR\|(2) backend. Not \fIcompletely\fR standard, as
+libev tries to roll its own fd_set with no limits on the number of fds,
+but if that fails, expect a fairly low limit on the number of fds when
+using this backend. It doesn't scale too well (O(highest_fd)), but its
+usually the fastest backend for a low number of (low-numbered :) fds.
+.Sp
+To get good performance out of this backend you need a high amount of
+parallelism (most of the file descriptors should be busy). If you are
+writing a server, you should \f(CW\*(C`accept ()\*(C'\fR in a loop to accept as many
+connections as possible during one iteration. You might also want to have
+a look at \f(CW\*(C`ev_set_io_collect_interval ()\*(C'\fR to increase the amount of
+readiness notifications you get per iteration.
+.Sp
+This backend maps \f(CW\*(C`EV_READ\*(C'\fR to the \f(CW\*(C`readfds\*(C'\fR set and \f(CW\*(C`EV_WRITE\*(C'\fR to the
+\&\f(CW\*(C`writefds\*(C'\fR set (and to work around Microsoft Windows bugs, also onto the
+\&\f(CW\*(C`exceptfds\*(C'\fR set on that platform).
+.ie n .IP """EVBACKEND_POLL"" (value 2, poll backend, available everywhere except on windows)" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEVBACKEND_POLL\fR (value 2, poll backend, available everywhere except on windows)" 4
+.IX Item "EVBACKEND_POLL (value 2, poll backend, available everywhere except on windows)"
+And this is your standard \fIpoll\fR\|(2) backend. It's more complicated
+than select, but handles sparse fds better and has no artificial
+limit on the number of fds you can use (except it will slow down
+considerably with a lot of inactive fds). It scales similarly to select,
+i.e. O(total_fds). See the entry for \f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_SELECT\*(C'\fR, above, for
+performance tips.
+.Sp
+This backend maps \f(CW\*(C`EV_READ\*(C'\fR to \f(CW\*(C`POLLIN | POLLERR | POLLHUP\*(C'\fR, and
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EV_WRITE\*(C'\fR to \f(CW\*(C`POLLOUT | POLLERR | POLLHUP\*(C'\fR.
+.ie n .IP """EVBACKEND_EPOLL"" (value 4, Linux)" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEVBACKEND_EPOLL\fR (value 4, Linux)" 4
+.IX Item "EVBACKEND_EPOLL (value 4, Linux)"
+For few fds, this backend is a bit little slower than poll and select,
+but it scales phenomenally better. While poll and select usually scale
+like O(total_fds) where n is the total number of fds (or the highest fd),
+epoll scales either O(1) or O(active_fds).
+.Sp
+The epoll mechanism deserves honorable mention as the most misdesigned
+of the more advanced event mechanisms: mere annoyances include silently
+dropping file descriptors, requiring a system call per change per file
+descriptor (and unnecessary guessing of parameters), problems with dup and
+so on. The biggest issue is fork races, however \- if a program forks then
+\&\fIboth\fR parent and child process have to recreate the epoll set, which can
+take considerable time (one syscall per file descriptor) and is of course
+hard to detect.
+.Sp
+Epoll is also notoriously buggy \- embedding epoll fds \fIshould\fR work, but
+of course \fIdoesn't\fR, and epoll just loves to report events for totally
+\&\fIdifferent\fR file descriptors (even already closed ones, so one cannot
+even remove them from the set) than registered in the set (especially
+on \s-1SMP\s0 systems). Libev tries to counter these spurious notifications by
+employing an additional generation counter and comparing that against the
+events to filter out spurious ones, recreating the set when required.
+.Sp
+While stopping, setting and starting an I/O watcher in the same iteration
+will result in some caching, there is still a system call per such
+incident (because the same \fIfile descriptor\fR could point to a different
+\&\fIfile description\fR now), so its best to avoid that. Also, \f(CW\*(C`dup ()\*(C'\fR'ed
+file descriptors might not work very well if you register events for both
+file descriptors.
+.Sp
+Best performance from this backend is achieved by not unregistering all
+watchers for a file descriptor until it has been closed, if possible,
+i.e. keep at least one watcher active per fd at all times. Stopping and
+starting a watcher (without re-setting it) also usually doesn't cause
+extra overhead. A fork can both result in spurious notifications as well
+as in libev having to destroy and recreate the epoll object, which can
+take considerable time and thus should be avoided.
+.Sp
+All this means that, in practice, \f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_SELECT\*(C'\fR can be as fast or
+faster than epoll for maybe up to a hundred file descriptors, depending on
+the usage. So sad.
+.Sp
+While nominally embeddable in other event loops, this feature is broken in
+all kernel versions tested so far.
+.Sp
+This backend maps \f(CW\*(C`EV_READ\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`EV_WRITE\*(C'\fR in the same way as
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_POLL\*(C'\fR.
+.ie n .IP """EVBACKEND_KQUEUE"" (value 8, most \s-1BSD\s0 clones)" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEVBACKEND_KQUEUE\fR (value 8, most \s-1BSD\s0 clones)" 4
+.IX Item "EVBACKEND_KQUEUE (value 8, most BSD clones)"
+Kqueue deserves special mention, as at the time of this writing, it
+was broken on all BSDs except NetBSD (usually it doesn't work reliably
+with anything but sockets and pipes, except on Darwin, where of course
+it's completely useless). Unlike epoll, however, whose brokenness
+is by design, these kqueue bugs can (and eventually will) be fixed
+without \s-1API\s0 changes to existing programs. For this reason it's not being
+\&\*(L"auto-detected\*(R" unless you explicitly specify it in the flags (i.e. using
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_KQUEUE\*(C'\fR) or libev was compiled on a known-to-be-good (\-enough)
+system like NetBSD.
+.Sp
+You still can embed kqueue into a normal poll or select backend and use it
+only for sockets (after having made sure that sockets work with kqueue on
+the target platform). See \f(CW\*(C`ev_embed\*(C'\fR watchers for more info.
+.Sp
+It scales in the same way as the epoll backend, but the interface to the
+kernel is more efficient (which says nothing about its actual speed, of
+course). While stopping, setting and starting an I/O watcher does never
+cause an extra system call as with \f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_EPOLL\*(C'\fR, it still adds up to
+two event changes per incident. Support for \f(CW\*(C`fork ()\*(C'\fR is very bad (but
+sane, unlike epoll) and it drops fds silently in similarly hard-to-detect
+cases
+.Sp
+This backend usually performs well under most conditions.
+.Sp
+While nominally embeddable in other event loops, this doesn't work
+everywhere, so you might need to test for this. And since it is broken
+almost everywhere, you should only use it when you have a lot of sockets
+(for which it usually works), by embedding it into another event loop
+(e.g. \f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_SELECT\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_POLL\*(C'\fR (but \f(CW\*(C`poll\*(C'\fR is of course
+also broken on \s-1OS\s0 X)) and, did I mention it, using it only for sockets.
+.Sp
+This backend maps \f(CW\*(C`EV_READ\*(C'\fR into an \f(CW\*(C`EVFILT_READ\*(C'\fR kevent with
+\&\f(CW\*(C`NOTE_EOF\*(C'\fR, and \f(CW\*(C`EV_WRITE\*(C'\fR into an \f(CW\*(C`EVFILT_WRITE\*(C'\fR kevent with
+\&\f(CW\*(C`NOTE_EOF\*(C'\fR.
+.ie n .IP """EVBACKEND_DEVPOLL"" (value 16, Solaris 8)" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEVBACKEND_DEVPOLL\fR (value 16, Solaris 8)" 4
+.IX Item "EVBACKEND_DEVPOLL (value 16, Solaris 8)"
+This is not implemented yet (and might never be, unless you send me an
+implementation). According to reports, \f(CW\*(C`/dev/poll\*(C'\fR only supports sockets
+and is not embeddable, which would limit the usefulness of this backend
+immensely.
+.ie n .IP """EVBACKEND_PORT"" (value 32, Solaris 10)" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEVBACKEND_PORT\fR (value 32, Solaris 10)" 4
+.IX Item "EVBACKEND_PORT (value 32, Solaris 10)"
+This uses the Solaris 10 event port mechanism. As with everything on Solaris,
+it's really slow, but it still scales very well (O(active_fds)).
+.Sp
+Please note that Solaris event ports can deliver a lot of spurious
+notifications, so you need to use non-blocking I/O or other means to avoid
+blocking when no data (or space) is available.
+.Sp
+While this backend scales well, it requires one system call per active
+file descriptor per loop iteration. For small and medium numbers of file
+descriptors a \*(L"slow\*(R" \f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_SELECT\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_POLL\*(C'\fR backend
+might perform better.
+.Sp
+On the positive side, with the exception of the spurious readiness
+notifications, this backend actually performed fully to specification
+in all tests and is fully embeddable, which is a rare feat among the
+OS-specific backends (I vastly prefer correctness over speed hacks).
+.Sp
+This backend maps \f(CW\*(C`EV_READ\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`EV_WRITE\*(C'\fR in the same way as
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_POLL\*(C'\fR.
+.ie n .IP """EVBACKEND_ALL""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEVBACKEND_ALL\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EVBACKEND_ALL"
+Try all backends (even potentially broken ones that wouldn't be tried
+with \f(CW\*(C`EVFLAG_AUTO\*(C'\fR). Since this is a mask, you can do stuff such as
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_ALL & ~EVBACKEND_KQUEUE\*(C'\fR.
+.Sp
+It is definitely not recommended to use this flag.
+.RE
+.RS 4
+.Sp
+If one or more of these are or'ed into the flags value, then only these
+backends will be tried (in the reverse order as listed here). If none are
+specified, all backends in \f(CW\*(C`ev_recommended_backends ()\*(C'\fR will be tried.
+.Sp
+Example: This is the most typical usage.
+.Sp
+.Vb 2
+\& if (!ev_default_loop (0))
+\& fatal ("could not initialise libev, bad $LIBEV_FLAGS in environment?");
+.Ve
+.Sp
+Example: Restrict libev to the select and poll backends, and do not allow
+environment settings to be taken into account:
+.Sp
+.Vb 1
+\& ev_default_loop (EVBACKEND_POLL | EVBACKEND_SELECT | EVFLAG_NOENV);
+.Ve
+.Sp
+Example: Use whatever libev has to offer, but make sure that kqueue is
+used if available (warning, breaks stuff, best use only with your own
+private event loop and only if you know the \s-1OS\s0 supports your types of
+fds):
+.Sp
+.Vb 1
+\& ev_default_loop (ev_recommended_backends () | EVBACKEND_KQUEUE);
+.Ve
+.RE
+.IP "struct ev_loop *ev_loop_new (unsigned int flags)" 4
+.IX Item "struct ev_loop *ev_loop_new (unsigned int flags)"
+Similar to \f(CW\*(C`ev_default_loop\*(C'\fR, but always creates a new event loop that is
+always distinct from the default loop. Unlike the default loop, it cannot
+handle signal and child watchers, and attempts to do so will be greeted by
+undefined behaviour (or a failed assertion if assertions are enabled).
+.Sp
+Note that this function \fIis\fR thread-safe, and the recommended way to use
+libev with threads is indeed to create one loop per thread, and using the
+default loop in the \*(L"main\*(R" or \*(L"initial\*(R" thread.
+.Sp
+Example: Try to create a event loop that uses epoll and nothing else.
+.Sp
+.Vb 3
+\& struct ev_loop *epoller = ev_loop_new (EVBACKEND_EPOLL | EVFLAG_NOENV);
+\& if (!epoller)
+\& fatal ("no epoll found here, maybe it hides under your chair");
+.Ve
+.IP "ev_default_destroy ()" 4
+.IX Item "ev_default_destroy ()"
+Destroys the default loop again (frees all memory and kernel state
+etc.). None of the active event watchers will be stopped in the normal
+sense, so e.g. \f(CW\*(C`ev_is_active\*(C'\fR might still return true. It is your
+responsibility to either stop all watchers cleanly yourself \fIbefore\fR
+calling this function, or cope with the fact afterwards (which is usually
+the easiest thing, you can just ignore the watchers and/or \f(CW\*(C`free ()\*(C'\fR them
+for example).
+.Sp
+Note that certain global state, such as signal state (and installed signal
+handlers), will not be freed by this function, and related watchers (such
+as signal and child watchers) would need to be stopped manually.
+.Sp
+In general it is not advisable to call this function except in the
+rare occasion where you really need to free e.g. the signal handling
+pipe fds. If you need dynamically allocated loops it is better to use
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_loop_new\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop_destroy\*(C'\fR).
+.IP "ev_loop_destroy (loop)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_loop_destroy (loop)"
+Like \f(CW\*(C`ev_default_destroy\*(C'\fR, but destroys an event loop created by an
+earlier call to \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop_new\*(C'\fR.
+.IP "ev_default_fork ()" 4
+.IX Item "ev_default_fork ()"
+This function sets a flag that causes subsequent \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR iterations
+to reinitialise the kernel state for backends that have one. Despite the
+name, you can call it anytime, but it makes most sense after forking, in
+the child process (or both child and parent, but that again makes little
+sense). You \fImust\fR call it in the child before using any of the libev
+functions, and it will only take effect at the next \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR iteration.
+.Sp
+On the other hand, you only need to call this function in the child
+process if and only if you want to use the event library in the child. If
+you just fork+exec, you don't have to call it at all.
+.Sp
+The function itself is quite fast and it's usually not a problem to call
+it just in case after a fork. To make this easy, the function will fit in
+quite nicely into a call to \f(CW\*(C`pthread_atfork\*(C'\fR:
+.Sp
+.Vb 1
+\& pthread_atfork (0, 0, ev_default_fork);
+.Ve
+.IP "ev_loop_fork (loop)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_loop_fork (loop)"
+Like \f(CW\*(C`ev_default_fork\*(C'\fR, but acts on an event loop created by
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_loop_new\*(C'\fR. Yes, you have to call this on every allocated event loop
+after fork that you want to re-use in the child, and how you do this is
+entirely your own problem.
+.IP "int ev_is_default_loop (loop)" 4
+.IX Item "int ev_is_default_loop (loop)"
+Returns true when the given loop is, in fact, the default loop, and false
+otherwise.
+.IP "unsigned int ev_loop_count (loop)" 4
+.IX Item "unsigned int ev_loop_count (loop)"
+Returns the count of loop iterations for the loop, which is identical to
+the number of times libev did poll for new events. It starts at \f(CW0\fR and
+happily wraps around with enough iterations.
+.Sp
+This value can sometimes be useful as a generation counter of sorts (it
+\&\*(L"ticks\*(R" the number of loop iterations), as it roughly corresponds with
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_prepare\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`ev_check\*(C'\fR calls.
+.IP "unsigned int ev_backend (loop)" 4
+.IX Item "unsigned int ev_backend (loop)"
+Returns one of the \f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_*\*(C'\fR flags indicating the event backend in
+use.
+.IP "ev_tstamp ev_now (loop)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_tstamp ev_now (loop)"
+Returns the current \*(L"event loop time\*(R", which is the time the event loop
+received events and started processing them. This timestamp does not
+change as long as callbacks are being processed, and this is also the base
+time used for relative timers. You can treat it as the timestamp of the
+event occurring (or more correctly, libev finding out about it).
+.IP "ev_now_update (loop)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_now_update (loop)"
+Establishes the current time by querying the kernel, updating the time
+returned by \f(CW\*(C`ev_now ()\*(C'\fR in the progress. This is a costly operation and
+is usually done automatically within \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop ()\*(C'\fR.
+.Sp
+This function is rarely useful, but when some event callback runs for a
+very long time without entering the event loop, updating libev's idea of
+the current time is a good idea.
+.Sp
+See also \*(L"The special problem of time updates\*(R" in the \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer\*(C'\fR section.
+.IP "ev_loop (loop, int flags)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_loop (loop, int flags)"
+Finally, this is it, the event handler. This function usually is called
+after you initialised all your watchers and you want to start handling
+events.
+.Sp
+If the flags argument is specified as \f(CW0\fR, it will not return until
+either no event watchers are active anymore or \f(CW\*(C`ev_unloop\*(C'\fR was called.
+.Sp
+Please note that an explicit \f(CW\*(C`ev_unloop\*(C'\fR is usually better than
+relying on all watchers to be stopped when deciding when a program has
+finished (especially in interactive programs), but having a program
+that automatically loops as long as it has to and no longer by virtue
+of relying on its watchers stopping correctly, that is truly a thing of
+beauty.
+.Sp
+A flags value of \f(CW\*(C`EVLOOP_NONBLOCK\*(C'\fR will look for new events, will handle
+those events and any already outstanding ones, but will not block your
+process in case there are no events and will return after one iteration of
+the loop.
+.Sp
+A flags value of \f(CW\*(C`EVLOOP_ONESHOT\*(C'\fR will look for new events (waiting if
+necessary) and will handle those and any already outstanding ones. It
+will block your process until at least one new event arrives (which could
+be an event internal to libev itself, so there is no guarantee that a
+user-registered callback will be called), and will return after one
+iteration of the loop.
+.Sp
+This is useful if you are waiting for some external event in conjunction
+with something not expressible using other libev watchers (i.e. "roll your
+own \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR"). However, a pair of \f(CW\*(C`ev_prepare\*(C'\fR/\f(CW\*(C`ev_check\*(C'\fR watchers is
+usually a better approach for this kind of thing.
+.Sp
+Here are the gory details of what \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR does:
+.Sp
+.Vb 10
+\& \- Before the first iteration, call any pending watchers.
+\& * If EVFLAG_FORKCHECK was used, check for a fork.
+\& \- If a fork was detected (by any means), queue and call all fork watchers.
+\& \- Queue and call all prepare watchers.
+\& \- If we have been forked, detach and recreate the kernel state
+\& as to not disturb the other process.
+\& \- Update the kernel state with all outstanding changes.
+\& \- Update the "event loop time" (ev_now ()).
+\& \- Calculate for how long to sleep or block, if at all
+\& (active idle watchers, EVLOOP_NONBLOCK or not having
+\& any active watchers at all will result in not sleeping).
+\& \- Sleep if the I/O and timer collect interval say so.
+\& \- Block the process, waiting for any events.
+\& \- Queue all outstanding I/O (fd) events.
+\& \- Update the "event loop time" (ev_now ()), and do time jump adjustments.
+\& \- Queue all expired timers.
+\& \- Queue all expired periodics.
+\& \- Unless any events are pending now, queue all idle watchers.
+\& \- Queue all check watchers.
+\& \- Call all queued watchers in reverse order (i.e. check watchers first).
+\& Signals and child watchers are implemented as I/O watchers, and will
+\& be handled here by queueing them when their watcher gets executed.
+\& \- If ev_unloop has been called, or EVLOOP_ONESHOT or EVLOOP_NONBLOCK
+\& were used, or there are no active watchers, return, otherwise
+\& continue with step *.
+.Ve
+.Sp
+Example: Queue some jobs and then loop until no events are outstanding
+anymore.
+.Sp
+.Vb 4
+\& ... queue jobs here, make sure they register event watchers as long
+\& ... as they still have work to do (even an idle watcher will do..)
+\& ev_loop (my_loop, 0);
+\& ... jobs done or somebody called unloop. yeah!
+.Ve
+.IP "ev_unloop (loop, how)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_unloop (loop, how)"
+Can be used to make a call to \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR return early (but only after it
+has processed all outstanding events). The \f(CW\*(C`how\*(C'\fR argument must be either
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EVUNLOOP_ONE\*(C'\fR, which will make the innermost \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR call return, or
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EVUNLOOP_ALL\*(C'\fR, which will make all nested \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR calls return.
+.Sp
+This \*(L"unloop state\*(R" will be cleared when entering \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR again.
+.Sp
+It is safe to call \f(CW\*(C`ev_unloop\*(C'\fR from otuside any \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR calls.
+.IP "ev_ref (loop)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_ref (loop)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "ev_unref (loop)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_unref (loop)"
+.PD
+Ref/unref can be used to add or remove a reference count on the event
+loop: Every watcher keeps one reference, and as long as the reference
+count is nonzero, \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR will not return on its own.
+.Sp
+If you have a watcher you never unregister that should not keep \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR
+from returning, call \fIev_unref()\fR after starting, and \fIev_ref()\fR before
+stopping it.
+.Sp
+As an example, libev itself uses this for its internal signal pipe: It is
+not visible to the libev user and should not keep \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR from exiting
+if no event watchers registered by it are active. It is also an excellent
+way to do this for generic recurring timers or from within third-party
+libraries. Just remember to \fIunref after start\fR and \fIref before stop\fR
+(but only if the watcher wasn't active before, or was active before,
+respectively).
+.Sp
+Example: Create a signal watcher, but keep it from keeping \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR
+running when nothing else is active.
+.Sp
+.Vb 4
+\& ev_signal exitsig;
+\& ev_signal_init (&exitsig, sig_cb, SIGINT);
+\& ev_signal_start (loop, &exitsig);
+\& evf_unref (loop);
+.Ve
+.Sp
+Example: For some weird reason, unregister the above signal handler again.
+.Sp
+.Vb 2
+\& ev_ref (loop);
+\& ev_signal_stop (loop, &exitsig);
+.Ve
+.IP "ev_set_io_collect_interval (loop, ev_tstamp interval)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_set_io_collect_interval (loop, ev_tstamp interval)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "ev_set_timeout_collect_interval (loop, ev_tstamp interval)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_set_timeout_collect_interval (loop, ev_tstamp interval)"
+.PD
+These advanced functions influence the time that libev will spend waiting
+for events. Both time intervals are by default \f(CW0\fR, meaning that libev
+will try to invoke timer/periodic callbacks and I/O callbacks with minimum
+latency.
+.Sp
+Setting these to a higher value (the \f(CW\*(C`interval\*(C'\fR \fImust\fR be >= \f(CW0\fR)
+allows libev to delay invocation of I/O and timer/periodic callbacks
+to increase efficiency of loop iterations (or to increase power-saving
+opportunities).
+.Sp
+The idea is that sometimes your program runs just fast enough to handle
+one (or very few) event(s) per loop iteration. While this makes the
+program responsive, it also wastes a lot of \s-1CPU\s0 time to poll for new
+events, especially with backends like \f(CW\*(C`select ()\*(C'\fR which have a high
+overhead for the actual polling but can deliver many events at once.
+.Sp
+By setting a higher \fIio collect interval\fR you allow libev to spend more
+time collecting I/O events, so you can handle more events per iteration,
+at the cost of increasing latency. Timeouts (both \f(CW\*(C`ev_periodic\*(C'\fR and
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_timer\*(C'\fR) will be not affected. Setting this to a non-null value will
+introduce an additional \f(CW\*(C`ev_sleep ()\*(C'\fR call into most loop iterations.
+.Sp
+Likewise, by setting a higher \fItimeout collect interval\fR you allow libev
+to spend more time collecting timeouts, at the expense of increased
+latency/jitter/inexactness (the watcher callback will be called
+later). \f(CW\*(C`ev_io\*(C'\fR watchers will not be affected. Setting this to a non-null
+value will not introduce any overhead in libev.
+.Sp
+Many (busy) programs can usually benefit by setting the I/O collect
+interval to a value near \f(CW0.1\fR or so, which is often enough for
+interactive servers (of course not for games), likewise for timeouts. It
+usually doesn't make much sense to set it to a lower value than \f(CW0.01\fR,
+as this approaches the timing granularity of most systems.
+.Sp
+Setting the \fItimeout collect interval\fR can improve the opportunity for
+saving power, as the program will \*(L"bundle\*(R" timer callback invocations that
+are \*(L"near\*(R" in time together, by delaying some, thus reducing the number of
+times the process sleeps and wakes up again. Another useful technique to
+reduce iterations/wake\-ups is to use \f(CW\*(C`ev_periodic\*(C'\fR watchers and make sure
+they fire on, say, one-second boundaries only.
+.IP "ev_loop_verify (loop)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_loop_verify (loop)"
+This function only does something when \f(CW\*(C`EV_VERIFY\*(C'\fR support has been
+compiled in, which is the default for non-minimal builds. It tries to go
+through all internal structures and checks them for validity. If anything
+is found to be inconsistent, it will print an error message to standard
+error and call \f(CW\*(C`abort ()\*(C'\fR.
+.Sp
+This can be used to catch bugs inside libev itself: under normal
+circumstances, this function will never abort as of course libev keeps its
+data structures consistent.
+.SH "ANATOMY OF A WATCHER"
+.IX Header "ANATOMY OF A WATCHER"
+In the following description, uppercase \f(CW\*(C`TYPE\*(C'\fR in names stands for the
+watcher type, e.g. \f(CW\*(C`ev_TYPE_start\*(C'\fR can mean \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer_start\*(C'\fR for timer
+watchers and \f(CW\*(C`ev_io_start\*(C'\fR for I/O watchers.
+.PP
+A watcher is a structure that you create and register to record your
+interest in some event. For instance, if you want to wait for \s-1STDIN\s0 to
+become readable, you would create an \f(CW\*(C`ev_io\*(C'\fR watcher for that:
+.PP
+.Vb 5
+\& static void my_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, ev_io *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& ev_io_stop (w);
+\& ev_unloop (loop, EVUNLOOP_ALL);
+\& }
+\&
+\& struct ev_loop *loop = ev_default_loop (0);
+\&
+\& ev_io stdin_watcher;
+\&
+\& ev_init (&stdin_watcher, my_cb);
+\& ev_io_set (&stdin_watcher, STDIN_FILENO, EV_READ);
+\& ev_io_start (loop, &stdin_watcher);
+\&
+\& ev_loop (loop, 0);
+.Ve
+.PP
+As you can see, you are responsible for allocating the memory for your
+watcher structures (and it is \fIusually\fR a bad idea to do this on the
+stack).
+.PP
+Each watcher has an associated watcher structure (called \f(CW\*(C`struct ev_TYPE\*(C'\fR
+or simply \f(CW\*(C`ev_TYPE\*(C'\fR, as typedefs are provided for all watcher structs).
+.PP
+Each watcher structure must be initialised by a call to \f(CW\*(C`ev_init
+(watcher *, callback)\*(C'\fR, which expects a callback to be provided. This
+callback gets invoked each time the event occurs (or, in the case of I/O
+watchers, each time the event loop detects that the file descriptor given
+is readable and/or writable).
+.PP
+Each watcher type further has its own \f(CW\*(C`ev_TYPE_set (watcher *, ...)\*(C'\fR
+macro to configure it, with arguments specific to the watcher type. There
+is also a macro to combine initialisation and setting in one call: \f(CW\*(C`ev_TYPE_init (watcher *, callback, ...)\*(C'\fR.
+.PP
+To make the watcher actually watch out for events, you have to start it
+with a watcher-specific start function (\f(CW\*(C`ev_TYPE_start (loop, watcher
+*)\*(C'\fR), and you can stop watching for events at any time by calling the
+corresponding stop function (\f(CW\*(C`ev_TYPE_stop (loop, watcher *)\*(C'\fR.
+.PP
+As long as your watcher is active (has been started but not stopped) you
+must not touch the values stored in it. Most specifically you must never
+reinitialise it or call its \f(CW\*(C`ev_TYPE_set\*(C'\fR macro.
+.PP
+Each and every callback receives the event loop pointer as first, the
+registered watcher structure as second, and a bitset of received events as
+third argument.
+.PP
+The received events usually include a single bit per event type received
+(you can receive multiple events at the same time). The possible bit masks
+are:
+.ie n .IP """EV_READ""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_READ\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_READ"
+.PD 0
+.ie n .IP """EV_WRITE""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_WRITE\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_WRITE"
+.PD
+The file descriptor in the \f(CW\*(C`ev_io\*(C'\fR watcher has become readable and/or
+writable.
+.ie n .IP """EV_TIMEOUT""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_TIMEOUT\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_TIMEOUT"
+The \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer\*(C'\fR watcher has timed out.
+.ie n .IP """EV_PERIODIC""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_PERIODIC\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_PERIODIC"
+The \f(CW\*(C`ev_periodic\*(C'\fR watcher has timed out.
+.ie n .IP """EV_SIGNAL""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_SIGNAL\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_SIGNAL"
+The signal specified in the \f(CW\*(C`ev_signal\*(C'\fR watcher has been received by a thread.
+.ie n .IP """EV_CHILD""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_CHILD\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_CHILD"
+The pid specified in the \f(CW\*(C`ev_child\*(C'\fR watcher has received a status change.
+.ie n .IP """EV_STAT""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_STAT\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_STAT"
+The path specified in the \f(CW\*(C`ev_stat\*(C'\fR watcher changed its attributes somehow.
+.ie n .IP """EV_IDLE""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_IDLE\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_IDLE"
+The \f(CW\*(C`ev_idle\*(C'\fR watcher has determined that you have nothing better to do.
+.ie n .IP """EV_PREPARE""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_PREPARE\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_PREPARE"
+.PD 0
+.ie n .IP """EV_CHECK""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_CHECK\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_CHECK"
+.PD
+All \f(CW\*(C`ev_prepare\*(C'\fR watchers are invoked just \fIbefore\fR \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR starts
+to gather new events, and all \f(CW\*(C`ev_check\*(C'\fR watchers are invoked just after
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR has gathered them, but before it invokes any callbacks for any
+received events. Callbacks of both watcher types can start and stop as
+many watchers as they want, and all of them will be taken into account
+(for example, a \f(CW\*(C`ev_prepare\*(C'\fR watcher might start an idle watcher to keep
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR from blocking).
+.ie n .IP """EV_EMBED""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_EMBED\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_EMBED"
+The embedded event loop specified in the \f(CW\*(C`ev_embed\*(C'\fR watcher needs attention.
+.ie n .IP """EV_FORK""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_FORK\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_FORK"
+The event loop has been resumed in the child process after fork (see
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_fork\*(C'\fR).
+.ie n .IP """EV_ASYNC""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_ASYNC\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_ASYNC"
+The given async watcher has been asynchronously notified (see \f(CW\*(C`ev_async\*(C'\fR).
+.ie n .IP """EV_ERROR""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_ERROR\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_ERROR"
+An unspecified error has occurred, the watcher has been stopped. This might
+happen because the watcher could not be properly started because libev
+ran out of memory, a file descriptor was found to be closed or any other
+problem. Libev considers these application bugs.
+.Sp
+You best act on it by reporting the problem and somehow coping with the
+watcher being stopped. Note that well-written programs should not receive
+an error ever, so when your watcher receives it, this usually indicates a
+bug in your program.
+.Sp
+Libev will usually signal a few \*(L"dummy\*(R" events together with an error, for
+example it might indicate that a fd is readable or writable, and if your
+callbacks is well-written it can just attempt the operation and cope with
+the error from \fIread()\fR or \fIwrite()\fR. This will not work in multi-threaded
+programs, though, as the fd could already be closed and reused for another
+thing, so beware.
+.Sh "\s-1GENERIC\s0 \s-1WATCHER\s0 \s-1FUNCTIONS\s0"
+.IX Subsection "GENERIC WATCHER FUNCTIONS"
+.ie n .IP """ev_init"" (ev_TYPE *watcher, callback)" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWev_init\fR (ev_TYPE *watcher, callback)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_init (ev_TYPE *watcher, callback)"
+This macro initialises the generic portion of a watcher. The contents
+of the watcher object can be arbitrary (so \f(CW\*(C`malloc\*(C'\fR will do). Only
+the generic parts of the watcher are initialised, you \fIneed\fR to call
+the type-specific \f(CW\*(C`ev_TYPE_set\*(C'\fR macro afterwards to initialise the
+type-specific parts. For each type there is also a \f(CW\*(C`ev_TYPE_init\*(C'\fR macro
+which rolls both calls into one.
+.Sp
+You can reinitialise a watcher at any time as long as it has been stopped
+(or never started) and there are no pending events outstanding.
+.Sp
+The callback is always of type \f(CW\*(C`void (*)(struct ev_loop *loop, ev_TYPE *watcher,
+int revents)\*(C'\fR.
+.Sp
+Example: Initialise an \f(CW\*(C`ev_io\*(C'\fR watcher in two steps.
+.Sp
+.Vb 3
+\& ev_io w;
+\& ev_init (&w, my_cb);
+\& ev_io_set (&w, STDIN_FILENO, EV_READ);
+.Ve
+.ie n .IP """ev_TYPE_set"" (ev_TYPE *, [args])" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWev_TYPE_set\fR (ev_TYPE *, [args])" 4
+.IX Item "ev_TYPE_set (ev_TYPE *, [args])"
+This macro initialises the type-specific parts of a watcher. You need to
+call \f(CW\*(C`ev_init\*(C'\fR at least once before you call this macro, but you can
+call \f(CW\*(C`ev_TYPE_set\*(C'\fR any number of times. You must not, however, call this
+macro on a watcher that is active (it can be pending, however, which is a
+difference to the \f(CW\*(C`ev_init\*(C'\fR macro).
+.Sp
+Although some watcher types do not have type-specific arguments
+(e.g. \f(CW\*(C`ev_prepare\*(C'\fR) you still need to call its \f(CW\*(C`set\*(C'\fR macro.
+.Sp
+See \f(CW\*(C`ev_init\*(C'\fR, above, for an example.
+.ie n .IP """ev_TYPE_init"" (ev_TYPE *watcher, callback, [args])" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWev_TYPE_init\fR (ev_TYPE *watcher, callback, [args])" 4
+.IX Item "ev_TYPE_init (ev_TYPE *watcher, callback, [args])"
+This convenience macro rolls both \f(CW\*(C`ev_init\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`ev_TYPE_set\*(C'\fR macro
+calls into a single call. This is the most convenient method to initialise
+a watcher. The same limitations apply, of course.
+.Sp
+Example: Initialise and set an \f(CW\*(C`ev_io\*(C'\fR watcher in one step.
+.Sp
+.Vb 1
+\& ev_io_init (&w, my_cb, STDIN_FILENO, EV_READ);
+.Ve
+.ie n .IP """ev_TYPE_start"" (loop *, ev_TYPE *watcher)" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWev_TYPE_start\fR (loop *, ev_TYPE *watcher)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_TYPE_start (loop *, ev_TYPE *watcher)"
+Starts (activates) the given watcher. Only active watchers will receive
+events. If the watcher is already active nothing will happen.
+.Sp
+Example: Start the \f(CW\*(C`ev_io\*(C'\fR watcher that is being abused as example in this
+whole section.
+.Sp
+.Vb 1
+\& ev_io_start (EV_DEFAULT_UC, &w);
+.Ve
+.ie n .IP """ev_TYPE_stop"" (loop *, ev_TYPE *watcher)" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWev_TYPE_stop\fR (loop *, ev_TYPE *watcher)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_TYPE_stop (loop *, ev_TYPE *watcher)"
+Stops the given watcher if active, and clears the pending status (whether
+the watcher was active or not).
+.Sp
+It is possible that stopped watchers are pending \- for example,
+non-repeating timers are being stopped when they become pending \- but
+calling \f(CW\*(C`ev_TYPE_stop\*(C'\fR ensures that the watcher is neither active nor
+pending. If you want to free or reuse the memory used by the watcher it is
+therefore a good idea to always call its \f(CW\*(C`ev_TYPE_stop\*(C'\fR function.
+.IP "bool ev_is_active (ev_TYPE *watcher)" 4
+.IX Item "bool ev_is_active (ev_TYPE *watcher)"
+Returns a true value iff the watcher is active (i.e. it has been started
+and not yet been stopped). As long as a watcher is active you must not modify
+it.
+.IP "bool ev_is_pending (ev_TYPE *watcher)" 4
+.IX Item "bool ev_is_pending (ev_TYPE *watcher)"
+Returns a true value iff the watcher is pending, (i.e. it has outstanding
+events but its callback has not yet been invoked). As long as a watcher
+is pending (but not active) you must not call an init function on it (but
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_TYPE_set\*(C'\fR is safe), you must not change its priority, and you must
+make sure the watcher is available to libev (e.g. you cannot \f(CW\*(C`free ()\*(C'\fR
+it).
+.IP "callback ev_cb (ev_TYPE *watcher)" 4
+.IX Item "callback ev_cb (ev_TYPE *watcher)"
+Returns the callback currently set on the watcher.
+.IP "ev_cb_set (ev_TYPE *watcher, callback)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_cb_set (ev_TYPE *watcher, callback)"
+Change the callback. You can change the callback at virtually any time
+(modulo threads).
+.IP "ev_set_priority (ev_TYPE *watcher, priority)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_set_priority (ev_TYPE *watcher, priority)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "int ev_priority (ev_TYPE *watcher)" 4
+.IX Item "int ev_priority (ev_TYPE *watcher)"
+.PD
+Set and query the priority of the watcher. The priority is a small
+integer between \f(CW\*(C`EV_MAXPRI\*(C'\fR (default: \f(CW2\fR) and \f(CW\*(C`EV_MINPRI\*(C'\fR
+(default: \f(CW\*(C`\-2\*(C'\fR). Pending watchers with higher priority will be invoked
+before watchers with lower priority, but priority will not keep watchers
+from being executed (except for \f(CW\*(C`ev_idle\*(C'\fR watchers).
+.Sp
+This means that priorities are \fIonly\fR used for ordering callback
+invocation after new events have been received. This is useful, for
+example, to reduce latency after idling, or more often, to bind two
+watchers on the same event and make sure one is called first.
+.Sp
+If you need to suppress invocation when higher priority events are pending
+you need to look at \f(CW\*(C`ev_idle\*(C'\fR watchers, which provide this functionality.
+.Sp
+You \fImust not\fR change the priority of a watcher as long as it is active or
+pending.
+.Sp
+The default priority used by watchers when no priority has been set is
+always \f(CW0\fR, which is supposed to not be too high and not be too low :).
+.Sp
+Setting a priority outside the range of \f(CW\*(C`EV_MINPRI\*(C'\fR to \f(CW\*(C`EV_MAXPRI\*(C'\fR is
+fine, as long as you do not mind that the priority value you query might
+or might not have been clamped to the valid range.
+.IP "ev_invoke (loop, ev_TYPE *watcher, int revents)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_invoke (loop, ev_TYPE *watcher, int revents)"
+Invoke the \f(CW\*(C`watcher\*(C'\fR with the given \f(CW\*(C`loop\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`revents\*(C'\fR. Neither
+\&\f(CW\*(C`loop\*(C'\fR nor \f(CW\*(C`revents\*(C'\fR need to be valid as long as the watcher callback
+can deal with that fact, as both are simply passed through to the
+callback.
+.IP "int ev_clear_pending (loop, ev_TYPE *watcher)" 4
+.IX Item "int ev_clear_pending (loop, ev_TYPE *watcher)"
+If the watcher is pending, this function clears its pending status and
+returns its \f(CW\*(C`revents\*(C'\fR bitset (as if its callback was invoked). If the
+watcher isn't pending it does nothing and returns \f(CW0\fR.
+.Sp
+Sometimes it can be useful to \*(L"poll\*(R" a watcher instead of waiting for its
+callback to be invoked, which can be accomplished with this function.
+.Sh "\s-1ASSOCIATING\s0 \s-1CUSTOM\s0 \s-1DATA\s0 \s-1WITH\s0 A \s-1WATCHER\s0"
+.IX Subsection "ASSOCIATING CUSTOM DATA WITH A WATCHER"
+Each watcher has, by default, a member \f(CW\*(C`void *data\*(C'\fR that you can change
+and read at any time: libev will completely ignore it. This can be used
+to associate arbitrary data with your watcher. If you need more data and
+don't want to allocate memory and store a pointer to it in that data
+member, you can also \*(L"subclass\*(R" the watcher type and provide your own
+data:
+.PP
+.Vb 7
+\& struct my_io
+\& {
+\& ev_io io;
+\& int otherfd;
+\& void *somedata;
+\& struct whatever *mostinteresting;
+\& };
+\&
+\& ...
+\& struct my_io w;
+\& ev_io_init (&w.io, my_cb, fd, EV_READ);
+.Ve
+.PP
+And since your callback will be called with a pointer to the watcher, you
+can cast it back to your own type:
+.PP
+.Vb 5
+\& static void my_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, ev_io *w_, int revents)
+\& {
+\& struct my_io *w = (struct my_io *)w_;
+\& ...
+\& }
+.Ve
+.PP
+More interesting and less C\-conformant ways of casting your callback type
+instead have been omitted.
+.PP
+Another common scenario is to use some data structure with multiple
+embedded watchers:
+.PP
+.Vb 6
+\& struct my_biggy
+\& {
+\& int some_data;
+\& ev_timer t1;
+\& ev_timer t2;
+\& }
+.Ve
+.PP
+In this case getting the pointer to \f(CW\*(C`my_biggy\*(C'\fR is a bit more
+complicated: Either you store the address of your \f(CW\*(C`my_biggy\*(C'\fR struct
+in the \f(CW\*(C`data\*(C'\fR member of the watcher (for woozies), or you need to use
+some pointer arithmetic using \f(CW\*(C`offsetof\*(C'\fR inside your watchers (for real
+programmers):
+.PP
+.Vb 1
+\& #include <stddef.h>
+\&
+\& static void
+\& t1_cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& struct my_biggy big = (struct my_biggy *
+\& (((char *)w) \- offsetof (struct my_biggy, t1));
+\& }
+\&
+\& static void
+\& t2_cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& struct my_biggy big = (struct my_biggy *
+\& (((char *)w) \- offsetof (struct my_biggy, t2));
+\& }
+.Ve
+.SH "WATCHER TYPES"
+.IX Header "WATCHER TYPES"
+This section describes each watcher in detail, but will not repeat
+information given in the last section. Any initialisation/set macros,
+functions and members specific to the watcher type are explained.
+.PP
+Members are additionally marked with either \fI[read\-only]\fR, meaning that,
+while the watcher is active, you can look at the member and expect some
+sensible content, but you must not modify it (you can modify it while the
+watcher is stopped to your hearts content), or \fI[read\-write]\fR, which
+means you can expect it to have some sensible content while the watcher
+is active, but you can also modify it. Modifying it may not do something
+sensible or take immediate effect (or do anything at all), but libev will
+not crash or malfunction in any way.
+.ie n .Sh """ev_io"" \- is this file descriptor readable or writable?"
+.el .Sh "\f(CWev_io\fP \- is this file descriptor readable or writable?"
+.IX Subsection "ev_io - is this file descriptor readable or writable?"
+I/O watchers check whether a file descriptor is readable or writable
+in each iteration of the event loop, or, more precisely, when reading
+would not block the process and writing would at least be able to write
+some data. This behaviour is called level-triggering because you keep
+receiving events as long as the condition persists. Remember you can stop
+the watcher if you don't want to act on the event and neither want to
+receive future events.
+.PP
+In general you can register as many read and/or write event watchers per
+fd as you want (as long as you don't confuse yourself). Setting all file
+descriptors to non-blocking mode is also usually a good idea (but not
+required if you know what you are doing).
+.PP
+If you cannot use non-blocking mode, then force the use of a
+known-to-be-good backend (at the time of this writing, this includes only
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_SELECT\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_POLL\*(C'\fR).
+.PP
+Another thing you have to watch out for is that it is quite easy to
+receive \*(L"spurious\*(R" readiness notifications, that is your callback might
+be called with \f(CW\*(C`EV_READ\*(C'\fR but a subsequent \f(CW\*(C`read\*(C'\fR(2) will actually block
+because there is no data. Not only are some backends known to create a
+lot of those (for example Solaris ports), it is very easy to get into
+this situation even with a relatively standard program structure. Thus
+it is best to always use non-blocking I/O: An extra \f(CW\*(C`read\*(C'\fR(2) returning
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EAGAIN\*(C'\fR is far preferable to a program hanging until some data arrives.
+.PP
+If you cannot run the fd in non-blocking mode (for example you should
+not play around with an Xlib connection), then you have to separately
+re-test whether a file descriptor is really ready with a known-to-be good
+interface such as poll (fortunately in our Xlib example, Xlib already
+does this on its own, so its quite safe to use). Some people additionally
+use \f(CW\*(C`SIGALRM\*(C'\fR and an interval timer, just to be sure you won't block
+indefinitely.
+.PP
+But really, best use non-blocking mode.
+.PP
+\fIThe special problem of disappearing file descriptors\fR
+.IX Subsection "The special problem of disappearing file descriptors"
+.PP
+Some backends (e.g. kqueue, epoll) need to be told about closing a file
+descriptor (either due to calling \f(CW\*(C`close\*(C'\fR explicitly or any other means,
+such as \f(CW\*(C`dup2\*(C'\fR). The reason is that you register interest in some file
+descriptor, but when it goes away, the operating system will silently drop
+this interest. If another file descriptor with the same number then is
+registered with libev, there is no efficient way to see that this is, in
+fact, a different file descriptor.
+.PP
+To avoid having to explicitly tell libev about such cases, libev follows
+the following policy: Each time \f(CW\*(C`ev_io_set\*(C'\fR is being called, libev
+will assume that this is potentially a new file descriptor, otherwise
+it is assumed that the file descriptor stays the same. That means that
+you \fIhave\fR to call \f(CW\*(C`ev_io_set\*(C'\fR (or \f(CW\*(C`ev_io_init\*(C'\fR) when you change the
+descriptor even if the file descriptor number itself did not change.
+.PP
+This is how one would do it normally anyway, the important point is that
+the libev application should not optimise around libev but should leave
+optimisations to libev.
+.PP
+\fIThe special problem of dup'ed file descriptors\fR
+.IX Subsection "The special problem of dup'ed file descriptors"
+.PP
+Some backends (e.g. epoll), cannot register events for file descriptors,
+but only events for the underlying file descriptions. That means when you
+have \f(CW\*(C`dup ()\*(C'\fR'ed file descriptors or weirder constellations, and register
+events for them, only one file descriptor might actually receive events.
+.PP
+There is no workaround possible except not registering events
+for potentially \f(CW\*(C`dup ()\*(C'\fR'ed file descriptors, or to resort to
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_SELECT\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_POLL\*(C'\fR.
+.PP
+\fIThe special problem of fork\fR
+.IX Subsection "The special problem of fork"
+.PP
+Some backends (epoll, kqueue) do not support \f(CW\*(C`fork ()\*(C'\fR at all or exhibit
+useless behaviour. Libev fully supports fork, but needs to be told about
+it in the child.
+.PP
+To support fork in your programs, you either have to call
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_default_fork ()\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop_fork ()\*(C'\fR after a fork in the child,
+enable \f(CW\*(C`EVFLAG_FORKCHECK\*(C'\fR, or resort to \f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_SELECT\*(C'\fR or
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_POLL\*(C'\fR.
+.PP
+\fIThe special problem of \s-1SIGPIPE\s0\fR
+.IX Subsection "The special problem of SIGPIPE"
+.PP
+While not really specific to libev, it is easy to forget about \f(CW\*(C`SIGPIPE\*(C'\fR:
+when writing to a pipe whose other end has been closed, your program gets
+sent a \s-1SIGPIPE\s0, which, by default, aborts your program. For most programs
+this is sensible behaviour, for daemons, this is usually undesirable.
+.PP
+So when you encounter spurious, unexplained daemon exits, make sure you
+ignore \s-1SIGPIPE\s0 (and maybe make sure you log the exit status of your daemon
+somewhere, as that would have given you a big clue).
+.PP
+\fIWatcher-Specific Functions\fR
+.IX Subsection "Watcher-Specific Functions"
+.IP "ev_io_init (ev_io *, callback, int fd, int events)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_io_init (ev_io *, callback, int fd, int events)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "ev_io_set (ev_io *, int fd, int events)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_io_set (ev_io *, int fd, int events)"
+.PD
+Configures an \f(CW\*(C`ev_io\*(C'\fR watcher. The \f(CW\*(C`fd\*(C'\fR is the file descriptor to
+receive events for and \f(CW\*(C`events\*(C'\fR is either \f(CW\*(C`EV_READ\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`EV_WRITE\*(C'\fR or
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EV_READ | EV_WRITE\*(C'\fR, to express the desire to receive the given events.
+.IP "int fd [read\-only]" 4
+.IX Item "int fd [read-only]"
+The file descriptor being watched.
+.IP "int events [read\-only]" 4
+.IX Item "int events [read-only]"
+The events being watched.
+.PP
+\fIExamples\fR
+.IX Subsection "Examples"
+.PP
+Example: Call \f(CW\*(C`stdin_readable_cb\*(C'\fR when \s-1STDIN_FILENO\s0 has become, well
+readable, but only once. Since it is likely line-buffered, you could
+attempt to read a whole line in the callback.
+.PP
+.Vb 6
+\& static void
+\& stdin_readable_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, ev_io *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& ev_io_stop (loop, w);
+\& .. read from stdin here (or from w\->fd) and handle any I/O errors
+\& }
+\&
+\& ...
+\& struct ev_loop *loop = ev_default_init (0);
+\& ev_io stdin_readable;
+\& ev_io_init (&stdin_readable, stdin_readable_cb, STDIN_FILENO, EV_READ);
+\& ev_io_start (loop, &stdin_readable);
+\& ev_loop (loop, 0);
+.Ve
+.ie n .Sh """ev_timer"" \- relative and optionally repeating timeouts"
+.el .Sh "\f(CWev_timer\fP \- relative and optionally repeating timeouts"
+.IX Subsection "ev_timer - relative and optionally repeating timeouts"
+Timer watchers are simple relative timers that generate an event after a
+given time, and optionally repeating in regular intervals after that.
+.PP
+The timers are based on real time, that is, if you register an event that
+times out after an hour and you reset your system clock to January last
+year, it will still time out after (roughly) one hour. \*(L"Roughly\*(R" because
+detecting time jumps is hard, and some inaccuracies are unavoidable (the
+monotonic clock option helps a lot here).
+.PP
+The callback is guaranteed to be invoked only \fIafter\fR its timeout has
+passed, but if multiple timers become ready during the same loop iteration
+then order of execution is undefined.
+.PP
+\fIBe smart about timeouts\fR
+.IX Subsection "Be smart about timeouts"
+.PP
+Many real-world problems involve some kind of timeout, usually for error
+recovery. A typical example is an \s-1HTTP\s0 request \- if the other side hangs,
+you want to raise some error after a while.
+.PP
+What follows are some ways to handle this problem, from obvious and
+inefficient to smart and efficient.
+.PP
+In the following, a 60 second activity timeout is assumed \- a timeout that
+gets reset to 60 seconds each time there is activity (e.g. each time some
+data or other life sign was received).
+.IP "1. Use a timer and stop, reinitialise and start it on activity." 4
+.IX Item "1. Use a timer and stop, reinitialise and start it on activity."
+This is the most obvious, but not the most simple way: In the beginning,
+start the watcher:
+.Sp
+.Vb 2
+\& ev_timer_init (timer, callback, 60., 0.);
+\& ev_timer_start (loop, timer);
+.Ve
+.Sp
+Then, each time there is some activity, \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer_stop\*(C'\fR it, initialise it
+and start it again:
+.Sp
+.Vb 3
+\& ev_timer_stop (loop, timer);
+\& ev_timer_set (timer, 60., 0.);
+\& ev_timer_start (loop, timer);
+.Ve
+.Sp
+This is relatively simple to implement, but means that each time there is
+some activity, libev will first have to remove the timer from its internal
+data structure and then add it again. Libev tries to be fast, but it's
+still not a constant-time operation.
+.ie n .IP "2. Use a timer and re-start it with ""ev_timer_again"" inactivity." 4
+.el .IP "2. Use a timer and re-start it with \f(CWev_timer_again\fR inactivity." 4
+.IX Item "2. Use a timer and re-start it with ev_timer_again inactivity."
+This is the easiest way, and involves using \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer_again\*(C'\fR instead of
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_timer_start\*(C'\fR.
+.Sp
+To implement this, configure an \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer\*(C'\fR with a \f(CW\*(C`repeat\*(C'\fR value
+of \f(CW60\fR and then call \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer_again\*(C'\fR at start and each time you
+successfully read or write some data. If you go into an idle state where
+you do not expect data to travel on the socket, you can \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer_stop\*(C'\fR
+the timer, and \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer_again\*(C'\fR will automatically restart it if need be.
+.Sp
+That means you can ignore both the \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer_start\*(C'\fR function and the
+\&\f(CW\*(C`after\*(C'\fR argument to \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer_set\*(C'\fR, and only ever use the \f(CW\*(C`repeat\*(C'\fR
+member and \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer_again\*(C'\fR.
+.Sp
+At start:
+.Sp
+.Vb 3
+\& ev_timer_init (timer, callback);
+\& timer\->repeat = 60.;
+\& ev_timer_again (loop, timer);
+.Ve
+.Sp
+Each time there is some activity:
+.Sp
+.Vb 1
+\& ev_timer_again (loop, timer);
+.Ve
+.Sp
+It is even possible to change the time-out on the fly, regardless of
+whether the watcher is active or not:
+.Sp
+.Vb 2
+\& timer\->repeat = 30.;
+\& ev_timer_again (loop, timer);
+.Ve
+.Sp
+This is slightly more efficient then stopping/starting the timer each time
+you want to modify its timeout value, as libev does not have to completely
+remove and re-insert the timer from/into its internal data structure.
+.Sp
+It is, however, even simpler than the \*(L"obvious\*(R" way to do it.
+.IP "3. Let the timer time out, but then re-arm it as required." 4
+.IX Item "3. Let the timer time out, but then re-arm it as required."
+This method is more tricky, but usually most efficient: Most timeouts are
+relatively long compared to the intervals between other activity \- in
+our example, within 60 seconds, there are usually many I/O events with
+associated activity resets.
+.Sp
+In this case, it would be more efficient to leave the \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer\*(C'\fR alone,
+but remember the time of last activity, and check for a real timeout only
+within the callback:
+.Sp
+.Vb 1
+\& ev_tstamp last_activity; // time of last activity
+\&
+\& static void
+\& callback (EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& ev_tstamp now = ev_now (EV_A);
+\& ev_tstamp timeout = last_activity + 60.;
+\&
+\& // if last_activity + 60. is older than now, we did time out
+\& if (timeout < now)
+\& {
+\& // timeout occured, take action
+\& }
+\& else
+\& {
+\& // callback was invoked, but there was some activity, re\-arm
+\& // the watcher to fire in last_activity + 60, which is
+\& // guaranteed to be in the future, so "again" is positive:
+\& w\->repeat = timeout \- now;
+\& ev_timer_again (EV_A_ w);
+\& }
+\& }
+.Ve
+.Sp
+To summarise the callback: first calculate the real timeout (defined
+as \*(L"60 seconds after the last activity\*(R"), then check if that time has
+been reached, which means something \fIdid\fR, in fact, time out. Otherwise
+the callback was invoked too early (\f(CW\*(C`timeout\*(C'\fR is in the future), so
+re-schedule the timer to fire at that future time, to see if maybe we have
+a timeout then.
+.Sp
+Note how \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer_again\*(C'\fR is used, taking advantage of the
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_timer_again\*(C'\fR optimisation when the timer is already running.
+.Sp
+This scheme causes more callback invocations (about one every 60 seconds
+minus half the average time between activity), but virtually no calls to
+libev to change the timeout.
+.Sp
+To start the timer, simply initialise the watcher and set \f(CW\*(C`last_activity\*(C'\fR
+to the current time (meaning we just have some activity :), then call the
+callback, which will \*(L"do the right thing\*(R" and start the timer:
+.Sp
+.Vb 3
+\& ev_timer_init (timer, callback);
+\& last_activity = ev_now (loop);
+\& callback (loop, timer, EV_TIMEOUT);
+.Ve
+.Sp
+And when there is some activity, simply store the current time in
+\&\f(CW\*(C`last_activity\*(C'\fR, no libev calls at all:
+.Sp
+.Vb 1
+\& last_actiivty = ev_now (loop);
+.Ve
+.Sp
+This technique is slightly more complex, but in most cases where the
+time-out is unlikely to be triggered, much more efficient.
+.Sp
+Changing the timeout is trivial as well (if it isn't hard-coded in the
+callback :) \- just change the timeout and invoke the callback, which will
+fix things for you.
+.IP "4. Wee, just use a double-linked list for your timeouts." 4
+.IX Item "4. Wee, just use a double-linked list for your timeouts."
+If there is not one request, but many thousands (millions...), all
+employing some kind of timeout with the same timeout value, then one can
+do even better:
+.Sp
+When starting the timeout, calculate the timeout value and put the timeout
+at the \fIend\fR of the list.
+.Sp
+Then use an \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer\*(C'\fR to fire when the timeout at the \fIbeginning\fR of
+the list is expected to fire (for example, using the technique #3).
+.Sp
+When there is some activity, remove the timer from the list, recalculate
+the timeout, append it to the end of the list again, and make sure to
+update the \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer\*(C'\fR if it was taken from the beginning of the list.
+.Sp
+This way, one can manage an unlimited number of timeouts in O(1) time for
+starting, stopping and updating the timers, at the expense of a major
+complication, and having to use a constant timeout. The constant timeout
+ensures that the list stays sorted.
+.PP
+So which method the best?
+.PP
+Method #2 is a simple no-brain-required solution that is adequate in most
+situations. Method #3 requires a bit more thinking, but handles many cases
+better, and isn't very complicated either. In most case, choosing either
+one is fine, with #3 being better in typical situations.
+.PP
+Method #1 is almost always a bad idea, and buys you nothing. Method #4 is
+rather complicated, but extremely efficient, something that really pays
+off after the first million or so of active timers, i.e. it's usually
+overkill :)
+.PP
+\fIThe special problem of time updates\fR
+.IX Subsection "The special problem of time updates"
+.PP
+Establishing the current time is a costly operation (it usually takes at
+least two system calls): \s-1EV\s0 therefore updates its idea of the current
+time only before and after \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR collects new events, which causes a
+growing difference between \f(CW\*(C`ev_now ()\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`ev_time ()\*(C'\fR when handling
+lots of events in one iteration.
+.PP
+The relative timeouts are calculated relative to the \f(CW\*(C`ev_now ()\*(C'\fR
+time. This is usually the right thing as this timestamp refers to the time
+of the event triggering whatever timeout you are modifying/starting. If
+you suspect event processing to be delayed and you \fIneed\fR to base the
+timeout on the current time, use something like this to adjust for this:
+.PP
+.Vb 1
+\& ev_timer_set (&timer, after + ev_now () \- ev_time (), 0.);
+.Ve
+.PP
+If the event loop is suspended for a long time, you can also force an
+update of the time returned by \f(CW\*(C`ev_now ()\*(C'\fR by calling \f(CW\*(C`ev_now_update
+()\*(C'\fR.
+.PP
+\fIWatcher-Specific Functions and Data Members\fR
+.IX Subsection "Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members"
+.IP "ev_timer_init (ev_timer *, callback, ev_tstamp after, ev_tstamp repeat)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_timer_init (ev_timer *, callback, ev_tstamp after, ev_tstamp repeat)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "ev_timer_set (ev_timer *, ev_tstamp after, ev_tstamp repeat)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_timer_set (ev_timer *, ev_tstamp after, ev_tstamp repeat)"
+.PD
+Configure the timer to trigger after \f(CW\*(C`after\*(C'\fR seconds. If \f(CW\*(C`repeat\*(C'\fR
+is \f(CW0.\fR, then it will automatically be stopped once the timeout is
+reached. If it is positive, then the timer will automatically be
+configured to trigger again \f(CW\*(C`repeat\*(C'\fR seconds later, again, and again,
+until stopped manually.
+.Sp
+The timer itself will do a best-effort at avoiding drift, that is, if
+you configure a timer to trigger every 10 seconds, then it will normally
+trigger at exactly 10 second intervals. If, however, your program cannot
+keep up with the timer (because it takes longer than those 10 seconds to
+do stuff) the timer will not fire more than once per event loop iteration.
+.IP "ev_timer_again (loop, ev_timer *)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_timer_again (loop, ev_timer *)"
+This will act as if the timer timed out and restart it again if it is
+repeating. The exact semantics are:
+.Sp
+If the timer is pending, its pending status is cleared.
+.Sp
+If the timer is started but non-repeating, stop it (as if it timed out).
+.Sp
+If the timer is repeating, either start it if necessary (with the
+\&\f(CW\*(C`repeat\*(C'\fR value), or reset the running timer to the \f(CW\*(C`repeat\*(C'\fR value.
+.Sp
+This sounds a bit complicated, see \*(L"Be smart about timeouts\*(R", above, for a
+usage example.
+.IP "ev_tstamp repeat [read\-write]" 4
+.IX Item "ev_tstamp repeat [read-write]"
+The current \f(CW\*(C`repeat\*(C'\fR value. Will be used each time the watcher times out
+or \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer_again\*(C'\fR is called, and determines the next timeout (if any),
+which is also when any modifications are taken into account.
+.PP
+\fIExamples\fR
+.IX Subsection "Examples"
+.PP
+Example: Create a timer that fires after 60 seconds.
+.PP
+.Vb 5
+\& static void
+\& one_minute_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, ev_timer *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& .. one minute over, w is actually stopped right here
+\& }
+\&
+\& ev_timer mytimer;
+\& ev_timer_init (&mytimer, one_minute_cb, 60., 0.);
+\& ev_timer_start (loop, &mytimer);
+.Ve
+.PP
+Example: Create a timeout timer that times out after 10 seconds of
+inactivity.
+.PP
+.Vb 5
+\& static void
+\& timeout_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, ev_timer *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& .. ten seconds without any activity
+\& }
+\&
+\& ev_timer mytimer;
+\& ev_timer_init (&mytimer, timeout_cb, 0., 10.); /* note, only repeat used */
+\& ev_timer_again (&mytimer); /* start timer */
+\& ev_loop (loop, 0);
+\&
+\& // and in some piece of code that gets executed on any "activity":
+\& // reset the timeout to start ticking again at 10 seconds
+\& ev_timer_again (&mytimer);
+.Ve
+.ie n .Sh """ev_periodic"" \- to cron or not to cron?"
+.el .Sh "\f(CWev_periodic\fP \- to cron or not to cron?"
+.IX Subsection "ev_periodic - to cron or not to cron?"
+Periodic watchers are also timers of a kind, but they are very versatile
+(and unfortunately a bit complex).
+.PP
+Unlike \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer\*(C'\fR's, they are not based on real time (or relative time)
+but on wall clock time (absolute time). You can tell a periodic watcher
+to trigger after some specific point in time. For example, if you tell a
+periodic watcher to trigger in 10 seconds (by specifying e.g. \f(CW\*(C`ev_now ()
++ 10.\*(C'\fR, that is, an absolute time not a delay) and then reset your system
+clock to January of the previous year, then it will take more than year
+to trigger the event (unlike an \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer\*(C'\fR, which would still trigger
+roughly 10 seconds later as it uses a relative timeout).
+.PP
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_periodic\*(C'\fRs can also be used to implement vastly more complex timers,
+such as triggering an event on each \*(L"midnight, local time\*(R", or other
+complicated rules.
+.PP
+As with timers, the callback is guaranteed to be invoked only when the
+time (\f(CW\*(C`at\*(C'\fR) has passed, but if multiple periodic timers become ready
+during the same loop iteration, then order of execution is undefined.
+.PP
+\fIWatcher-Specific Functions and Data Members\fR
+.IX Subsection "Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members"
+.IP "ev_periodic_init (ev_periodic *, callback, ev_tstamp at, ev_tstamp interval, reschedule_cb)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_periodic_init (ev_periodic *, callback, ev_tstamp at, ev_tstamp interval, reschedule_cb)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "ev_periodic_set (ev_periodic *, ev_tstamp after, ev_tstamp repeat, reschedule_cb)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_periodic_set (ev_periodic *, ev_tstamp after, ev_tstamp repeat, reschedule_cb)"
+.PD
+Lots of arguments, lets sort it out... There are basically three modes of
+operation, and we will explain them from simplest to most complex:
+.RS 4
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+absolute timer (at = time, interval = reschedule_cb = 0)
+.Sp
+In this configuration the watcher triggers an event after the wall clock
+time \f(CW\*(C`at\*(C'\fR has passed. It will not repeat and will not adjust when a time
+jump occurs, that is, if it is to be run at January 1st 2011 then it will
+only run when the system clock reaches or surpasses this time.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+repeating interval timer (at = offset, interval > 0, reschedule_cb = 0)
+.Sp
+In this mode the watcher will always be scheduled to time out at the next
+\&\f(CW\*(C`at + N * interval\*(C'\fR time (for some integer N, which can also be negative)
+and then repeat, regardless of any time jumps.
+.Sp
+This can be used to create timers that do not drift with respect to the
+system clock, for example, here is a \f(CW\*(C`ev_periodic\*(C'\fR that triggers each
+hour, on the hour:
+.Sp
+.Vb 1
+\& ev_periodic_set (&periodic, 0., 3600., 0);
+.Ve
+.Sp
+This doesn't mean there will always be 3600 seconds in between triggers,
+but only that the callback will be called when the system time shows a
+full hour (\s-1UTC\s0), or more correctly, when the system time is evenly divisible
+by 3600.
+.Sp
+Another way to think about it (for the mathematically inclined) is that
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_periodic\*(C'\fR will try to run the callback in this mode at the next possible
+time where \f(CW\*(C`time = at (mod interval)\*(C'\fR, regardless of any time jumps.
+.Sp
+For numerical stability it is preferable that the \f(CW\*(C`at\*(C'\fR value is near
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_now ()\*(C'\fR (the current time), but there is no range requirement for
+this value, and in fact is often specified as zero.
+.Sp
+Note also that there is an upper limit to how often a timer can fire (\s-1CPU\s0
+speed for example), so if \f(CW\*(C`interval\*(C'\fR is very small then timing stability
+will of course deteriorate. Libev itself tries to be exact to be about one
+millisecond (if the \s-1OS\s0 supports it and the machine is fast enough).
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+manual reschedule mode (at and interval ignored, reschedule_cb = callback)
+.Sp
+In this mode the values for \f(CW\*(C`interval\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`at\*(C'\fR are both being
+ignored. Instead, each time the periodic watcher gets scheduled, the
+reschedule callback will be called with the watcher as first, and the
+current time as second argument.
+.Sp
+\&\s-1NOTE:\s0 \fIThis callback \s-1MUST\s0 \s-1NOT\s0 stop or destroy any periodic watcher,
+ever, or make \s-1ANY\s0 event loop modifications whatsoever\fR.
+.Sp
+If you need to stop it, return \f(CW\*(C`now + 1e30\*(C'\fR (or so, fudge fudge) and stop
+it afterwards (e.g. by starting an \f(CW\*(C`ev_prepare\*(C'\fR watcher, which is the
+only event loop modification you are allowed to do).
+.Sp
+The callback prototype is \f(CW\*(C`ev_tstamp (*reschedule_cb)(ev_periodic
+*w, ev_tstamp now)\*(C'\fR, e.g.:
+.Sp
+.Vb 5
+\& static ev_tstamp
+\& my_rescheduler (ev_periodic *w, ev_tstamp now)
+\& {
+\& return now + 60.;
+\& }
+.Ve
+.Sp
+It must return the next time to trigger, based on the passed time value
+(that is, the lowest time value larger than to the second argument). It
+will usually be called just before the callback will be triggered, but
+might be called at other times, too.
+.Sp
+\&\s-1NOTE:\s0 \fIThis callback must always return a time that is higher than or
+equal to the passed \f(CI\*(C`now\*(C'\fI value\fR.
+.Sp
+This can be used to create very complex timers, such as a timer that
+triggers on \*(L"next midnight, local time\*(R". To do this, you would calculate the
+next midnight after \f(CW\*(C`now\*(C'\fR and return the timestamp value for this. How
+you do this is, again, up to you (but it is not trivial, which is the main
+reason I omitted it as an example).
+.RE
+.RS 4
+.RE
+.IP "ev_periodic_again (loop, ev_periodic *)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_periodic_again (loop, ev_periodic *)"
+Simply stops and restarts the periodic watcher again. This is only useful
+when you changed some parameters or the reschedule callback would return
+a different time than the last time it was called (e.g. in a crond like
+program when the crontabs have changed).
+.IP "ev_tstamp ev_periodic_at (ev_periodic *)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_tstamp ev_periodic_at (ev_periodic *)"
+When active, returns the absolute time that the watcher is supposed to
+trigger next.
+.IP "ev_tstamp offset [read\-write]" 4
+.IX Item "ev_tstamp offset [read-write]"
+When repeating, this contains the offset value, otherwise this is the
+absolute point in time (the \f(CW\*(C`at\*(C'\fR value passed to \f(CW\*(C`ev_periodic_set\*(C'\fR).
+.Sp
+Can be modified any time, but changes only take effect when the periodic
+timer fires or \f(CW\*(C`ev_periodic_again\*(C'\fR is being called.
+.IP "ev_tstamp interval [read\-write]" 4
+.IX Item "ev_tstamp interval [read-write]"
+The current interval value. Can be modified any time, but changes only
+take effect when the periodic timer fires or \f(CW\*(C`ev_periodic_again\*(C'\fR is being
+called.
+.IP "ev_tstamp (*reschedule_cb)(ev_periodic *w, ev_tstamp now) [read\-write]" 4
+.IX Item "ev_tstamp (*reschedule_cb)(ev_periodic *w, ev_tstamp now) [read-write]"
+The current reschedule callback, or \f(CW0\fR, if this functionality is
+switched off. Can be changed any time, but changes only take effect when
+the periodic timer fires or \f(CW\*(C`ev_periodic_again\*(C'\fR is being called.
+.PP
+\fIExamples\fR
+.IX Subsection "Examples"
+.PP
+Example: Call a callback every hour, or, more precisely, whenever the
+system time is divisible by 3600. The callback invocation times have
+potentially a lot of jitter, but good long-term stability.
+.PP
+.Vb 5
+\& static void
+\& clock_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, ev_io *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& ... its now a full hour (UTC, or TAI or whatever your clock follows)
+\& }
+\&
+\& ev_periodic hourly_tick;
+\& ev_periodic_init (&hourly_tick, clock_cb, 0., 3600., 0);
+\& ev_periodic_start (loop, &hourly_tick);
+.Ve
+.PP
+Example: The same as above, but use a reschedule callback to do it:
+.PP
+.Vb 1
+\& #include <math.h>
+\&
+\& static ev_tstamp
+\& my_scheduler_cb (ev_periodic *w, ev_tstamp now)
+\& {
+\& return now + (3600. \- fmod (now, 3600.));
+\& }
+\&
+\& ev_periodic_init (&hourly_tick, clock_cb, 0., 0., my_scheduler_cb);
+.Ve
+.PP
+Example: Call a callback every hour, starting now:
+.PP
+.Vb 4
+\& ev_periodic hourly_tick;
+\& ev_periodic_init (&hourly_tick, clock_cb,
+\& fmod (ev_now (loop), 3600.), 3600., 0);
+\& ev_periodic_start (loop, &hourly_tick);
+.Ve
+.ie n .Sh """ev_signal"" \- signal me when a signal gets signalled!"
+.el .Sh "\f(CWev_signal\fP \- signal me when a signal gets signalled!"
+.IX Subsection "ev_signal - signal me when a signal gets signalled!"
+Signal watchers will trigger an event when the process receives a specific
+signal one or more times. Even though signals are very asynchronous, libev
+will try it's best to deliver signals synchronously, i.e. as part of the
+normal event processing, like any other event.
+.PP
+If you want signals asynchronously, just use \f(CW\*(C`sigaction\*(C'\fR as you would
+do without libev and forget about sharing the signal. You can even use
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_async\*(C'\fR from a signal handler to synchronously wake up an event loop.
+.PP
+You can configure as many watchers as you like per signal. Only when the
+first watcher gets started will libev actually register a signal handler
+with the kernel (thus it coexists with your own signal handlers as long as
+you don't register any with libev for the same signal). Similarly, when
+the last signal watcher for a signal is stopped, libev will reset the
+signal handler to \s-1SIG_DFL\s0 (regardless of what it was set to before).
+.PP
+If possible and supported, libev will install its handlers with
+\&\f(CW\*(C`SA_RESTART\*(C'\fR behaviour enabled, so system calls should not be unduly
+interrupted. If you have a problem with system calls getting interrupted by
+signals you can block all signals in an \f(CW\*(C`ev_check\*(C'\fR watcher and unblock
+them in an \f(CW\*(C`ev_prepare\*(C'\fR watcher.
+.PP
+\fIWatcher-Specific Functions and Data Members\fR
+.IX Subsection "Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members"
+.IP "ev_signal_init (ev_signal *, callback, int signum)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_signal_init (ev_signal *, callback, int signum)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "ev_signal_set (ev_signal *, int signum)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_signal_set (ev_signal *, int signum)"
+.PD
+Configures the watcher to trigger on the given signal number (usually one
+of the \f(CW\*(C`SIGxxx\*(C'\fR constants).
+.IP "int signum [read\-only]" 4
+.IX Item "int signum [read-only]"
+The signal the watcher watches out for.
+.PP
+\fIExamples\fR
+.IX Subsection "Examples"
+.PP
+Example: Try to exit cleanly on \s-1SIGINT\s0.
+.PP
+.Vb 5
+\& static void
+\& sigint_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, ev_signal *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& ev_unloop (loop, EVUNLOOP_ALL);
+\& }
+\&
+\& ev_signal signal_watcher;
+\& ev_signal_init (&signal_watcher, sigint_cb, SIGINT);
+\& ev_signal_start (loop, &signal_watcher);
+.Ve
+.ie n .Sh """ev_child"" \- watch out for process status changes"
+.el .Sh "\f(CWev_child\fP \- watch out for process status changes"
+.IX Subsection "ev_child - watch out for process status changes"
+Child watchers trigger when your process receives a \s-1SIGCHLD\s0 in response to
+some child status changes (most typically when a child of yours dies or
+exits). It is permissible to install a child watcher \fIafter\fR the child
+has been forked (which implies it might have already exited), as long
+as the event loop isn't entered (or is continued from a watcher), i.e.,
+forking and then immediately registering a watcher for the child is fine,
+but forking and registering a watcher a few event loop iterations later is
+not.
+.PP
+Only the default event loop is capable of handling signals, and therefore
+you can only register child watchers in the default event loop.
+.PP
+\fIProcess Interaction\fR
+.IX Subsection "Process Interaction"
+.PP
+Libev grabs \f(CW\*(C`SIGCHLD\*(C'\fR as soon as the default event loop is
+initialised. This is necessary to guarantee proper behaviour even if
+the first child watcher is started after the child exits. The occurrence
+of \f(CW\*(C`SIGCHLD\*(C'\fR is recorded asynchronously, but child reaping is done
+synchronously as part of the event loop processing. Libev always reaps all
+children, even ones not watched.
+.PP
+\fIOverriding the Built-In Processing\fR
+.IX Subsection "Overriding the Built-In Processing"
+.PP
+Libev offers no special support for overriding the built-in child
+processing, but if your application collides with libev's default child
+handler, you can override it easily by installing your own handler for
+\&\f(CW\*(C`SIGCHLD\*(C'\fR after initialising the default loop, and making sure the
+default loop never gets destroyed. You are encouraged, however, to use an
+event-based approach to child reaping and thus use libev's support for
+that, so other libev users can use \f(CW\*(C`ev_child\*(C'\fR watchers freely.
+.PP
+\fIStopping the Child Watcher\fR
+.IX Subsection "Stopping the Child Watcher"
+.PP
+Currently, the child watcher never gets stopped, even when the
+child terminates, so normally one needs to stop the watcher in the
+callback. Future versions of libev might stop the watcher automatically
+when a child exit is detected.
+.PP
+\fIWatcher-Specific Functions and Data Members\fR
+.IX Subsection "Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members"
+.IP "ev_child_init (ev_child *, callback, int pid, int trace)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_child_init (ev_child *, callback, int pid, int trace)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "ev_child_set (ev_child *, int pid, int trace)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_child_set (ev_child *, int pid, int trace)"
+.PD
+Configures the watcher to wait for status changes of process \f(CW\*(C`pid\*(C'\fR (or
+\&\fIany\fR process if \f(CW\*(C`pid\*(C'\fR is specified as \f(CW0\fR). The callback can look
+at the \f(CW\*(C`rstatus\*(C'\fR member of the \f(CW\*(C`ev_child\*(C'\fR watcher structure to see
+the status word (use the macros from \f(CW\*(C`sys/wait.h\*(C'\fR and see your systems
+\&\f(CW\*(C`waitpid\*(C'\fR documentation). The \f(CW\*(C`rpid\*(C'\fR member contains the pid of the
+process causing the status change. \f(CW\*(C`trace\*(C'\fR must be either \f(CW0\fR (only
+activate the watcher when the process terminates) or \f(CW1\fR (additionally
+activate the watcher when the process is stopped or continued).
+.IP "int pid [read\-only]" 4
+.IX Item "int pid [read-only]"
+The process id this watcher watches out for, or \f(CW0\fR, meaning any process id.
+.IP "int rpid [read\-write]" 4
+.IX Item "int rpid [read-write]"
+The process id that detected a status change.
+.IP "int rstatus [read\-write]" 4
+.IX Item "int rstatus [read-write]"
+The process exit/trace status caused by \f(CW\*(C`rpid\*(C'\fR (see your systems
+\&\f(CW\*(C`waitpid\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`sys/wait.h\*(C'\fR documentation for details).
+.PP
+\fIExamples\fR
+.IX Subsection "Examples"
+.PP
+Example: \f(CW\*(C`fork()\*(C'\fR a new process and install a child handler to wait for
+its completion.
+.PP
+.Vb 1
+\& ev_child cw;
+\&
+\& static void
+\& child_cb (EV_P_ ev_child *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& ev_child_stop (EV_A_ w);
+\& printf ("process %d exited with status %x\en", w\->rpid, w\->rstatus);
+\& }
+\&
+\& pid_t pid = fork ();
+\&
+\& if (pid < 0)
+\& // error
+\& else if (pid == 0)
+\& {
+\& // the forked child executes here
+\& exit (1);
+\& }
+\& else
+\& {
+\& ev_child_init (&cw, child_cb, pid, 0);
+\& ev_child_start (EV_DEFAULT_ &cw);
+\& }
+.Ve
+.ie n .Sh """ev_stat"" \- did the file attributes just change?"
+.el .Sh "\f(CWev_stat\fP \- did the file attributes just change?"
+.IX Subsection "ev_stat - did the file attributes just change?"
+This watches a file system path for attribute changes. That is, it calls
+\&\f(CW\*(C`stat\*(C'\fR on that path in regular intervals (or when the \s-1OS\s0 says it changed)
+and sees if it changed compared to the last time, invoking the callback if
+it did.
+.PP
+The path does not need to exist: changing from \*(L"path exists\*(R" to \*(L"path does
+not exist\*(R" is a status change like any other. The condition \*(L"path does not
+exist\*(R" (or more correctly \*(L"path cannot be stat'ed\*(R") is signified by the
+\&\f(CW\*(C`st_nlink\*(C'\fR field being zero (which is otherwise always forced to be at
+least one) and all the other fields of the stat buffer having unspecified
+contents.
+.PP
+The path \fImust not\fR end in a slash or contain special components such as
+\&\f(CW\*(C`.\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`..\*(C'\fR. The path \fIshould\fR be absolute: If it is relative and
+your working directory changes, then the behaviour is undefined.
+.PP
+Since there is no portable change notification interface available, the
+portable implementation simply calls \f(CWstat(2)\fR regularly on the path
+to see if it changed somehow. You can specify a recommended polling
+interval for this case. If you specify a polling interval of \f(CW0\fR (highly
+recommended!) then a \fIsuitable, unspecified default\fR value will be used
+(which you can expect to be around five seconds, although this might
+change dynamically). Libev will also impose a minimum interval which is
+currently around \f(CW0.1\fR, but that's usually overkill.
+.PP
+This watcher type is not meant for massive numbers of stat watchers,
+as even with OS-supported change notifications, this can be
+resource-intensive.
+.PP
+At the time of this writing, the only OS-specific interface implemented
+is the Linux inotify interface (implementing kqueue support is left as an
+exercise for the reader. Note, however, that the author sees no way of
+implementing \f(CW\*(C`ev_stat\*(C'\fR semantics with kqueue, except as a hint).
+.PP
+\fI\s-1ABI\s0 Issues (Largefile Support)\fR
+.IX Subsection "ABI Issues (Largefile Support)"
+.PP
+Libev by default (unless the user overrides this) uses the default
+compilation environment, which means that on systems with large file
+support disabled by default, you get the 32 bit version of the stat
+structure. When using the library from programs that change the \s-1ABI\s0 to
+use 64 bit file offsets the programs will fail. In that case you have to
+compile libev with the same flags to get binary compatibility. This is
+obviously the case with any flags that change the \s-1ABI\s0, but the problem is
+most noticeably displayed with ev_stat and large file support.
+.PP
+The solution for this is to lobby your distribution maker to make large
+file interfaces available by default (as e.g. FreeBSD does) and not
+optional. Libev cannot simply switch on large file support because it has
+to exchange stat structures with application programs compiled using the
+default compilation environment.
+.PP
+\fIInotify and Kqueue\fR
+.IX Subsection "Inotify and Kqueue"
+.PP
+When \f(CW\*(C`inotify (7)\*(C'\fR support has been compiled into libev and present at
+runtime, it will be used to speed up change detection where possible. The
+inotify descriptor will be created lazily when the first \f(CW\*(C`ev_stat\*(C'\fR
+watcher is being started.
+.PP
+Inotify presence does not change the semantics of \f(CW\*(C`ev_stat\*(C'\fR watchers
+except that changes might be detected earlier, and in some cases, to avoid
+making regular \f(CW\*(C`stat\*(C'\fR calls. Even in the presence of inotify support
+there are many cases where libev has to resort to regular \f(CW\*(C`stat\*(C'\fR polling,
+but as long as kernel 2.6.25 or newer is used (2.6.24 and older have too
+many bugs), the path exists (i.e. stat succeeds), and the path resides on
+a local filesystem (libev currently assumes only ext2/3, jfs, reiserfs and
+xfs are fully working) libev usually gets away without polling.
+.PP
+There is no support for kqueue, as apparently it cannot be used to
+implement this functionality, due to the requirement of having a file
+descriptor open on the object at all times, and detecting renames, unlinks
+etc. is difficult.
+.PP
+\fI\f(CI\*(C`stat ()\*(C'\fI is a synchronous operation\fR
+.IX Subsection "stat () is a synchronous operation"
+.PP
+Libev doesn't normally do any kind of I/O itself, and so is not blocking
+the process. The exception are \f(CW\*(C`ev_stat\*(C'\fR watchers \- those call \f(CW\*(C`stat
+()\*(C'\fR, which is a synchronous operation.
+.PP
+For local paths, this usually doesn't matter: unless the system is very
+busy or the intervals between stat's are large, a stat call will be fast,
+as the path data is usually in memory already (except when starting the
+watcher).
+.PP
+For networked file systems, calling \f(CW\*(C`stat ()\*(C'\fR can block an indefinite
+time due to network issues, and even under good conditions, a stat call
+often takes multiple milliseconds.
+.PP
+Therefore, it is best to avoid using \f(CW\*(C`ev_stat\*(C'\fR watchers on networked
+paths, although this is fully supported by libev.
+.PP
+\fIThe special problem of stat time resolution\fR
+.IX Subsection "The special problem of stat time resolution"
+.PP
+The \f(CW\*(C`stat ()\*(C'\fR system call only supports full-second resolution portably,
+and even on systems where the resolution is higher, most file systems
+still only support whole seconds.
+.PP
+That means that, if the time is the only thing that changes, you can
+easily miss updates: on the first update, \f(CW\*(C`ev_stat\*(C'\fR detects a change and
+calls your callback, which does something. When there is another update
+within the same second, \f(CW\*(C`ev_stat\*(C'\fR will be unable to detect unless the
+stat data does change in other ways (e.g. file size).
+.PP
+The solution to this is to delay acting on a change for slightly more
+than a second (or till slightly after the next full second boundary), using
+a roughly one-second-delay \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer\*(C'\fR (e.g. \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer_set (w, 0., 1.02);
+ev_timer_again (loop, w)\*(C'\fR).
+.PP
+The \f(CW.02\fR offset is added to work around small timing inconsistencies
+of some operating systems (where the second counter of the current time
+might be be delayed. One such system is the Linux kernel, where a call to
+\&\f(CW\*(C`gettimeofday\*(C'\fR might return a timestamp with a full second later than
+a subsequent \f(CW\*(C`time\*(C'\fR call \- if the equivalent of \f(CW\*(C`time ()\*(C'\fR is used to
+update file times then there will be a small window where the kernel uses
+the previous second to update file times but libev might already execute
+the timer callback).
+.PP
+\fIWatcher-Specific Functions and Data Members\fR
+.IX Subsection "Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members"
+.IP "ev_stat_init (ev_stat *, callback, const char *path, ev_tstamp interval)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_stat_init (ev_stat *, callback, const char *path, ev_tstamp interval)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "ev_stat_set (ev_stat *, const char *path, ev_tstamp interval)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_stat_set (ev_stat *, const char *path, ev_tstamp interval)"
+.PD
+Configures the watcher to wait for status changes of the given
+\&\f(CW\*(C`path\*(C'\fR. The \f(CW\*(C`interval\*(C'\fR is a hint on how quickly a change is expected to
+be detected and should normally be specified as \f(CW0\fR to let libev choose
+a suitable value. The memory pointed to by \f(CW\*(C`path\*(C'\fR must point to the same
+path for as long as the watcher is active.
+.Sp
+The callback will receive an \f(CW\*(C`EV_STAT\*(C'\fR event when a change was detected,
+relative to the attributes at the time the watcher was started (or the
+last change was detected).
+.IP "ev_stat_stat (loop, ev_stat *)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_stat_stat (loop, ev_stat *)"
+Updates the stat buffer immediately with new values. If you change the
+watched path in your callback, you could call this function to avoid
+detecting this change (while introducing a race condition if you are not
+the only one changing the path). Can also be useful simply to find out the
+new values.
+.IP "ev_statdata attr [read\-only]" 4
+.IX Item "ev_statdata attr [read-only]"
+The most-recently detected attributes of the file. Although the type is
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_statdata\*(C'\fR, this is usually the (or one of the) \f(CW\*(C`struct stat\*(C'\fR types
+suitable for your system, but you can only rely on the POSIX-standardised
+members to be present. If the \f(CW\*(C`st_nlink\*(C'\fR member is \f(CW0\fR, then there was
+some error while \f(CW\*(C`stat\*(C'\fRing the file.
+.IP "ev_statdata prev [read\-only]" 4
+.IX Item "ev_statdata prev [read-only]"
+The previous attributes of the file. The callback gets invoked whenever
+\&\f(CW\*(C`prev\*(C'\fR != \f(CW\*(C`attr\*(C'\fR, or, more precisely, one or more of these members
+differ: \f(CW\*(C`st_dev\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`st_ino\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`st_mode\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`st_nlink\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`st_uid\*(C'\fR,
+\&\f(CW\*(C`st_gid\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`st_rdev\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`st_size\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`st_atime\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`st_mtime\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`st_ctime\*(C'\fR.
+.IP "ev_tstamp interval [read\-only]" 4
+.IX Item "ev_tstamp interval [read-only]"
+The specified interval.
+.IP "const char *path [read\-only]" 4
+.IX Item "const char *path [read-only]"
+The file system path that is being watched.
+.PP
+\fIExamples\fR
+.IX Subsection "Examples"
+.PP
+Example: Watch \f(CW\*(C`/etc/passwd\*(C'\fR for attribute changes.
+.PP
+.Vb 10
+\& static void
+\& passwd_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, ev_stat *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& /* /etc/passwd changed in some way */
+\& if (w\->attr.st_nlink)
+\& {
+\& printf ("passwd current size %ld\en", (long)w\->attr.st_size);
+\& printf ("passwd current atime %ld\en", (long)w\->attr.st_mtime);
+\& printf ("passwd current mtime %ld\en", (long)w\->attr.st_mtime);
+\& }
+\& else
+\& /* you shalt not abuse printf for puts */
+\& puts ("wow, /etc/passwd is not there, expect problems. "
+\& "if this is windows, they already arrived\en");
+\& }
+\&
+\& ...
+\& ev_stat passwd;
+\&
+\& ev_stat_init (&passwd, passwd_cb, "/etc/passwd", 0.);
+\& ev_stat_start (loop, &passwd);
+.Ve
+.PP
+Example: Like above, but additionally use a one-second delay so we do not
+miss updates (however, frequent updates will delay processing, too, so
+one might do the work both on \f(CW\*(C`ev_stat\*(C'\fR callback invocation \fIand\fR on
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_timer\*(C'\fR callback invocation).
+.PP
+.Vb 2
+\& static ev_stat passwd;
+\& static ev_timer timer;
+\&
+\& static void
+\& timer_cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& ev_timer_stop (EV_A_ w);
+\&
+\& /* now it\*(Aqs one second after the most recent passwd change */
+\& }
+\&
+\& static void
+\& stat_cb (EV_P_ ev_stat *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& /* reset the one\-second timer */
+\& ev_timer_again (EV_A_ &timer);
+\& }
+\&
+\& ...
+\& ev_stat_init (&passwd, stat_cb, "/etc/passwd", 0.);
+\& ev_stat_start (loop, &passwd);
+\& ev_timer_init (&timer, timer_cb, 0., 1.02);
+.Ve
+.ie n .Sh """ev_idle"" \- when you've got nothing better to do..."
+.el .Sh "\f(CWev_idle\fP \- when you've got nothing better to do..."
+.IX Subsection "ev_idle - when you've got nothing better to do..."
+Idle watchers trigger events when no other events of the same or higher
+priority are pending (prepare, check and other idle watchers do not count
+as receiving \*(L"events\*(R").
+.PP
+That is, as long as your process is busy handling sockets or timeouts
+(or even signals, imagine) of the same or higher priority it will not be
+triggered. But when your process is idle (or only lower-priority watchers
+are pending), the idle watchers are being called once per event loop
+iteration \- until stopped, that is, or your process receives more events
+and becomes busy again with higher priority stuff.
+.PP
+The most noteworthy effect is that as long as any idle watchers are
+active, the process will not block when waiting for new events.
+.PP
+Apart from keeping your process non-blocking (which is a useful
+effect on its own sometimes), idle watchers are a good place to do
+\&\*(L"pseudo-background processing\*(R", or delay processing stuff to after the
+event loop has handled all outstanding events.
+.PP
+\fIWatcher-Specific Functions and Data Members\fR
+.IX Subsection "Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members"
+.IP "ev_idle_init (ev_signal *, callback)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_idle_init (ev_signal *, callback)"
+Initialises and configures the idle watcher \- it has no parameters of any
+kind. There is a \f(CW\*(C`ev_idle_set\*(C'\fR macro, but using it is utterly pointless,
+believe me.
+.PP
+\fIExamples\fR
+.IX Subsection "Examples"
+.PP
+Example: Dynamically allocate an \f(CW\*(C`ev_idle\*(C'\fR watcher, start it, and in the
+callback, free it. Also, use no error checking, as usual.
+.PP
+.Vb 7
+\& static void
+\& idle_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, ev_idle *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& free (w);
+\& // now do something you wanted to do when the program has
+\& // no longer anything immediate to do.
+\& }
+\&
+\& ev_idle *idle_watcher = malloc (sizeof (ev_idle));
+\& ev_idle_init (idle_watcher, idle_cb);
+\& ev_idle_start (loop, idle_cb);
+.Ve
+.ie n .Sh """ev_prepare""\fP and \f(CW""ev_check"" \- customise your event loop!"
+.el .Sh "\f(CWev_prepare\fP and \f(CWev_check\fP \- customise your event loop!"
+.IX Subsection "ev_prepare and ev_check - customise your event loop!"
+Prepare and check watchers are usually (but not always) used in pairs:
+prepare watchers get invoked before the process blocks and check watchers
+afterwards.
+.PP
+You \fImust not\fR call \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR or similar functions that enter
+the current event loop from either \f(CW\*(C`ev_prepare\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`ev_check\*(C'\fR
+watchers. Other loops than the current one are fine, however. The
+rationale behind this is that you do not need to check for recursion in
+those watchers, i.e. the sequence will always be \f(CW\*(C`ev_prepare\*(C'\fR, blocking,
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_check\*(C'\fR so if you have one watcher of each kind they will always be
+called in pairs bracketing the blocking call.
+.PP
+Their main purpose is to integrate other event mechanisms into libev and
+their use is somewhat advanced. They could be used, for example, to track
+variable changes, implement your own watchers, integrate net-snmp or a
+coroutine library and lots more. They are also occasionally useful if
+you cache some data and want to flush it before blocking (for example,
+in X programs you might want to do an \f(CW\*(C`XFlush ()\*(C'\fR in an \f(CW\*(C`ev_prepare\*(C'\fR
+watcher).
+.PP
+This is done by examining in each prepare call which file descriptors
+need to be watched by the other library, registering \f(CW\*(C`ev_io\*(C'\fR watchers
+for them and starting an \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer\*(C'\fR watcher for any timeouts (many
+libraries provide exactly this functionality). Then, in the check watcher,
+you check for any events that occurred (by checking the pending status
+of all watchers and stopping them) and call back into the library. The
+I/O and timer callbacks will never actually be called (but must be valid
+nevertheless, because you never know, you know?).
+.PP
+As another example, the Perl Coro module uses these hooks to integrate
+coroutines into libev programs, by yielding to other active coroutines
+during each prepare and only letting the process block if no coroutines
+are ready to run (it's actually more complicated: it only runs coroutines
+with priority higher than or equal to the event loop and one coroutine
+of lower priority, but only once, using idle watchers to keep the event
+loop from blocking if lower-priority coroutines are active, thus mapping
+low-priority coroutines to idle/background tasks).
+.PP
+It is recommended to give \f(CW\*(C`ev_check\*(C'\fR watchers highest (\f(CW\*(C`EV_MAXPRI\*(C'\fR)
+priority, to ensure that they are being run before any other watchers
+after the poll (this doesn't matter for \f(CW\*(C`ev_prepare\*(C'\fR watchers).
+.PP
+Also, \f(CW\*(C`ev_check\*(C'\fR watchers (and \f(CW\*(C`ev_prepare\*(C'\fR watchers, too) should not
+activate (\*(L"feed\*(R") events into libev. While libev fully supports this, they
+might get executed before other \f(CW\*(C`ev_check\*(C'\fR watchers did their job. As
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_check\*(C'\fR watchers are often used to embed other (non-libev) event
+loops those other event loops might be in an unusable state until their
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_check\*(C'\fR watcher ran (always remind yourself to coexist peacefully with
+others).
+.PP
+\fIWatcher-Specific Functions and Data Members\fR
+.IX Subsection "Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members"
+.IP "ev_prepare_init (ev_prepare *, callback)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_prepare_init (ev_prepare *, callback)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "ev_check_init (ev_check *, callback)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_check_init (ev_check *, callback)"
+.PD
+Initialises and configures the prepare or check watcher \- they have no
+parameters of any kind. There are \f(CW\*(C`ev_prepare_set\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`ev_check_set\*(C'\fR
+macros, but using them is utterly, utterly, utterly and completely
+pointless.
+.PP
+\fIExamples\fR
+.IX Subsection "Examples"
+.PP
+There are a number of principal ways to embed other event loops or modules
+into libev. Here are some ideas on how to include libadns into libev
+(there is a Perl module named \f(CW\*(C`EV::ADNS\*(C'\fR that does this, which you could
+use as a working example. Another Perl module named \f(CW\*(C`EV::Glib\*(C'\fR embeds a
+Glib main context into libev, and finally, \f(CW\*(C`Glib::EV\*(C'\fR embeds \s-1EV\s0 into the
+Glib event loop).
+.PP
+Method 1: Add \s-1IO\s0 watchers and a timeout watcher in a prepare handler,
+and in a check watcher, destroy them and call into libadns. What follows
+is pseudo-code only of course. This requires you to either use a low
+priority for the check watcher or use \f(CW\*(C`ev_clear_pending\*(C'\fR explicitly, as
+the callbacks for the IO/timeout watchers might not have been called yet.
+.PP
+.Vb 2
+\& static ev_io iow [nfd];
+\& static ev_timer tw;
+\&
+\& static void
+\& io_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, ev_io *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& }
+\&
+\& // create io watchers for each fd and a timer before blocking
+\& static void
+\& adns_prepare_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, ev_prepare *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& int timeout = 3600000;
+\& struct pollfd fds [nfd];
+\& // actual code will need to loop here and realloc etc.
+\& adns_beforepoll (ads, fds, &nfd, &timeout, timeval_from (ev_time ()));
+\&
+\& /* the callback is illegal, but won\*(Aqt be called as we stop during check */
+\& ev_timer_init (&tw, 0, timeout * 1e\-3);
+\& ev_timer_start (loop, &tw);
+\&
+\& // create one ev_io per pollfd
+\& for (int i = 0; i < nfd; ++i)
+\& {
+\& ev_io_init (iow + i, io_cb, fds [i].fd,
+\& ((fds [i].events & POLLIN ? EV_READ : 0)
+\& | (fds [i].events & POLLOUT ? EV_WRITE : 0)));
+\&
+\& fds [i].revents = 0;
+\& ev_io_start (loop, iow + i);
+\& }
+\& }
+\&
+\& // stop all watchers after blocking
+\& static void
+\& adns_check_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, ev_check *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& ev_timer_stop (loop, &tw);
+\&
+\& for (int i = 0; i < nfd; ++i)
+\& {
+\& // set the relevant poll flags
+\& // could also call adns_processreadable etc. here
+\& struct pollfd *fd = fds + i;
+\& int revents = ev_clear_pending (iow + i);
+\& if (revents & EV_READ ) fd\->revents |= fd\->events & POLLIN;
+\& if (revents & EV_WRITE) fd\->revents |= fd\->events & POLLOUT;
+\&
+\& // now stop the watcher
+\& ev_io_stop (loop, iow + i);
+\& }
+\&
+\& adns_afterpoll (adns, fds, nfd, timeval_from (ev_now (loop));
+\& }
+.Ve
+.PP
+Method 2: This would be just like method 1, but you run \f(CW\*(C`adns_afterpoll\*(C'\fR
+in the prepare watcher and would dispose of the check watcher.
+.PP
+Method 3: If the module to be embedded supports explicit event
+notification (libadns does), you can also make use of the actual watcher
+callbacks, and only destroy/create the watchers in the prepare watcher.
+.PP
+.Vb 5
+\& static void
+\& timer_cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& adns_state ads = (adns_state)w\->data;
+\& update_now (EV_A);
+\&
+\& adns_processtimeouts (ads, &tv_now);
+\& }
+\&
+\& static void
+\& io_cb (EV_P_ ev_io *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& adns_state ads = (adns_state)w\->data;
+\& update_now (EV_A);
+\&
+\& if (revents & EV_READ ) adns_processreadable (ads, w\->fd, &tv_now);
+\& if (revents & EV_WRITE) adns_processwriteable (ads, w\->fd, &tv_now);
+\& }
+\&
+\& // do not ever call adns_afterpoll
+.Ve
+.PP
+Method 4: Do not use a prepare or check watcher because the module you
+want to embed is not flexible enough to support it. Instead, you can
+override their poll function. The drawback with this solution is that the
+main loop is now no longer controllable by \s-1EV\s0. The \f(CW\*(C`Glib::EV\*(C'\fR module uses
+this approach, effectively embedding \s-1EV\s0 as a client into the horrible
+libglib event loop.
+.PP
+.Vb 4
+\& static gint
+\& event_poll_func (GPollFD *fds, guint nfds, gint timeout)
+\& {
+\& int got_events = 0;
+\&
+\& for (n = 0; n < nfds; ++n)
+\& // create/start io watcher that sets the relevant bits in fds[n] and increment got_events
+\&
+\& if (timeout >= 0)
+\& // create/start timer
+\&
+\& // poll
+\& ev_loop (EV_A_ 0);
+\&
+\& // stop timer again
+\& if (timeout >= 0)
+\& ev_timer_stop (EV_A_ &to);
+\&
+\& // stop io watchers again \- their callbacks should have set
+\& for (n = 0; n < nfds; ++n)
+\& ev_io_stop (EV_A_ iow [n]);
+\&
+\& return got_events;
+\& }
+.Ve
+.ie n .Sh """ev_embed"" \- when one backend isn't enough..."
+.el .Sh "\f(CWev_embed\fP \- when one backend isn't enough..."
+.IX Subsection "ev_embed - when one backend isn't enough..."
+This is a rather advanced watcher type that lets you embed one event loop
+into another (currently only \f(CW\*(C`ev_io\*(C'\fR events are supported in the embedded
+loop, other types of watchers might be handled in a delayed or incorrect
+fashion and must not be used).
+.PP
+There are primarily two reasons you would want that: work around bugs and
+prioritise I/O.
+.PP
+As an example for a bug workaround, the kqueue backend might only support
+sockets on some platform, so it is unusable as generic backend, but you
+still want to make use of it because you have many sockets and it scales
+so nicely. In this case, you would create a kqueue-based loop and embed
+it into your default loop (which might use e.g. poll). Overall operation
+will be a bit slower because first libev has to call \f(CW\*(C`poll\*(C'\fR and then
+\&\f(CW\*(C`kevent\*(C'\fR, but at least you can use both mechanisms for what they are
+best: \f(CW\*(C`kqueue\*(C'\fR for scalable sockets and \f(CW\*(C`poll\*(C'\fR if you want it to work :)
+.PP
+As for prioritising I/O: under rare circumstances you have the case where
+some fds have to be watched and handled very quickly (with low latency),
+and even priorities and idle watchers might have too much overhead. In
+this case you would put all the high priority stuff in one loop and all
+the rest in a second one, and embed the second one in the first.
+.PP
+As long as the watcher is active, the callback will be invoked every
+time there might be events pending in the embedded loop. The callback
+must then call \f(CW\*(C`ev_embed_sweep (mainloop, watcher)\*(C'\fR to make a single
+sweep and invoke their callbacks (the callback doesn't need to invoke the
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_embed_sweep\*(C'\fR function directly, it could also start an idle watcher
+to give the embedded loop strictly lower priority for example).
+.PP
+You can also set the callback to \f(CW0\fR, in which case the embed watcher
+will automatically execute the embedded loop sweep whenever necessary.
+.PP
+Fork detection will be handled transparently while the \f(CW\*(C`ev_embed\*(C'\fR watcher
+is active, i.e., the embedded loop will automatically be forked when the
+embedding loop forks. In other cases, the user is responsible for calling
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_loop_fork\*(C'\fR on the embedded loop.
+.PP
+Unfortunately, not all backends are embeddable: only the ones returned by
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_embeddable_backends\*(C'\fR are, which, unfortunately, does not include any
+portable one.
+.PP
+So when you want to use this feature you will always have to be prepared
+that you cannot get an embeddable loop. The recommended way to get around
+this is to have a separate variables for your embeddable loop, try to
+create it, and if that fails, use the normal loop for everything.
+.PP
+\fI\f(CI\*(C`ev_embed\*(C'\fI and fork\fR
+.IX Subsection "ev_embed and fork"
+.PP
+While the \f(CW\*(C`ev_embed\*(C'\fR watcher is running, forks in the embedding loop will
+automatically be applied to the embedded loop as well, so no special
+fork handling is required in that case. When the watcher is not running,
+however, it is still the task of the libev user to call \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop_fork ()\*(C'\fR
+as applicable.
+.PP
+\fIWatcher-Specific Functions and Data Members\fR
+.IX Subsection "Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members"
+.IP "ev_embed_init (ev_embed *, callback, struct ev_loop *embedded_loop)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_embed_init (ev_embed *, callback, struct ev_loop *embedded_loop)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "ev_embed_set (ev_embed *, callback, struct ev_loop *embedded_loop)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_embed_set (ev_embed *, callback, struct ev_loop *embedded_loop)"
+.PD
+Configures the watcher to embed the given loop, which must be
+embeddable. If the callback is \f(CW0\fR, then \f(CW\*(C`ev_embed_sweep\*(C'\fR will be
+invoked automatically, otherwise it is the responsibility of the callback
+to invoke it (it will continue to be called until the sweep has been done,
+if you do not want that, you need to temporarily stop the embed watcher).
+.IP "ev_embed_sweep (loop, ev_embed *)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_embed_sweep (loop, ev_embed *)"
+Make a single, non-blocking sweep over the embedded loop. This works
+similarly to \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop (embedded_loop, EVLOOP_NONBLOCK)\*(C'\fR, but in the most
+appropriate way for embedded loops.
+.IP "struct ev_loop *other [read\-only]" 4
+.IX Item "struct ev_loop *other [read-only]"
+The embedded event loop.
+.PP
+\fIExamples\fR
+.IX Subsection "Examples"
+.PP
+Example: Try to get an embeddable event loop and embed it into the default
+event loop. If that is not possible, use the default loop. The default
+loop is stored in \f(CW\*(C`loop_hi\*(C'\fR, while the embeddable loop is stored in
+\&\f(CW\*(C`loop_lo\*(C'\fR (which is \f(CW\*(C`loop_hi\*(C'\fR in the case no embeddable loop can be
+used).
+.PP
+.Vb 3
+\& struct ev_loop *loop_hi = ev_default_init (0);
+\& struct ev_loop *loop_lo = 0;
+\& ev_embed embed;
+\&
+\& // see if there is a chance of getting one that works
+\& // (remember that a flags value of 0 means autodetection)
+\& loop_lo = ev_embeddable_backends () & ev_recommended_backends ()
+\& ? ev_loop_new (ev_embeddable_backends () & ev_recommended_backends ())
+\& : 0;
+\&
+\& // if we got one, then embed it, otherwise default to loop_hi
+\& if (loop_lo)
+\& {
+\& ev_embed_init (&embed, 0, loop_lo);
+\& ev_embed_start (loop_hi, &embed);
+\& }
+\& else
+\& loop_lo = loop_hi;
+.Ve
+.PP
+Example: Check if kqueue is available but not recommended and create
+a kqueue backend for use with sockets (which usually work with any
+kqueue implementation). Store the kqueue/socket\-only event loop in
+\&\f(CW\*(C`loop_socket\*(C'\fR. (One might optionally use \f(CW\*(C`EVFLAG_NOENV\*(C'\fR, too).
+.PP
+.Vb 3
+\& struct ev_loop *loop = ev_default_init (0);
+\& struct ev_loop *loop_socket = 0;
+\& ev_embed embed;
+\&
+\& if (ev_supported_backends () & ~ev_recommended_backends () & EVBACKEND_KQUEUE)
+\& if ((loop_socket = ev_loop_new (EVBACKEND_KQUEUE))
+\& {
+\& ev_embed_init (&embed, 0, loop_socket);
+\& ev_embed_start (loop, &embed);
+\& }
+\&
+\& if (!loop_socket)
+\& loop_socket = loop;
+\&
+\& // now use loop_socket for all sockets, and loop for everything else
+.Ve
+.ie n .Sh """ev_fork"" \- the audacity to resume the event loop after a fork"
+.el .Sh "\f(CWev_fork\fP \- the audacity to resume the event loop after a fork"
+.IX Subsection "ev_fork - the audacity to resume the event loop after a fork"
+Fork watchers are called when a \f(CW\*(C`fork ()\*(C'\fR was detected (usually because
+whoever is a good citizen cared to tell libev about it by calling
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_default_fork\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop_fork\*(C'\fR). The invocation is done before the
+event loop blocks next and before \f(CW\*(C`ev_check\*(C'\fR watchers are being called,
+and only in the child after the fork. If whoever good citizen calling
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_default_fork\*(C'\fR cheats and calls it in the wrong process, the fork
+handlers will be invoked, too, of course.
+.PP
+\fIWatcher-Specific Functions and Data Members\fR
+.IX Subsection "Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members"
+.IP "ev_fork_init (ev_signal *, callback)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_fork_init (ev_signal *, callback)"
+Initialises and configures the fork watcher \- it has no parameters of any
+kind. There is a \f(CW\*(C`ev_fork_set\*(C'\fR macro, but using it is utterly pointless,
+believe me.
+.ie n .Sh """ev_async"" \- how to wake up another event loop"
+.el .Sh "\f(CWev_async\fP \- how to wake up another event loop"
+.IX Subsection "ev_async - how to wake up another event loop"
+In general, you cannot use an \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR from multiple threads or other
+asynchronous sources such as signal handlers (as opposed to multiple event
+loops \- those are of course safe to use in different threads).
+.PP
+Sometimes, however, you need to wake up another event loop you do not
+control, for example because it belongs to another thread. This is what
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_async\*(C'\fR watchers do: as long as the \f(CW\*(C`ev_async\*(C'\fR watcher is active, you
+can signal it by calling \f(CW\*(C`ev_async_send\*(C'\fR, which is thread\- and signal
+safe.
+.PP
+This functionality is very similar to \f(CW\*(C`ev_signal\*(C'\fR watchers, as signals,
+too, are asynchronous in nature, and signals, too, will be compressed
+(i.e. the number of callback invocations may be less than the number of
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_async_sent\*(C'\fR calls).
+.PP
+Unlike \f(CW\*(C`ev_signal\*(C'\fR watchers, \f(CW\*(C`ev_async\*(C'\fR works with any event loop, not
+just the default loop.
+.PP
+\fIQueueing\fR
+.IX Subsection "Queueing"
+.PP
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_async\*(C'\fR does not support queueing of data in any way. The reason
+is that the author does not know of a simple (or any) algorithm for a
+multiple-writer-single-reader queue that works in all cases and doesn't
+need elaborate support such as pthreads.
+.PP
+That means that if you want to queue data, you have to provide your own
+queue. But at least I can tell you how to implement locking around your
+queue:
+.IP "queueing from a signal handler context" 4
+.IX Item "queueing from a signal handler context"
+To implement race-free queueing, you simply add to the queue in the signal
+handler but you block the signal handler in the watcher callback. Here is
+an example that does that for some fictitious \s-1SIGUSR1\s0 handler:
+.Sp
+.Vb 1
+\& static ev_async mysig;
+\&
+\& static void
+\& sigusr1_handler (void)
+\& {
+\& sometype data;
+\&
+\& // no locking etc.
+\& queue_put (data);
+\& ev_async_send (EV_DEFAULT_ &mysig);
+\& }
+\&
+\& static void
+\& mysig_cb (EV_P_ ev_async *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& sometype data;
+\& sigset_t block, prev;
+\&
+\& sigemptyset (&block);
+\& sigaddset (&block, SIGUSR1);
+\& sigprocmask (SIG_BLOCK, &block, &prev);
+\&
+\& while (queue_get (&data))
+\& process (data);
+\&
+\& if (sigismember (&prev, SIGUSR1)
+\& sigprocmask (SIG_UNBLOCK, &block, 0);
+\& }
+.Ve
+.Sp
+(Note: pthreads in theory requires you to use \f(CW\*(C`pthread_setmask\*(C'\fR
+instead of \f(CW\*(C`sigprocmask\*(C'\fR when you use threads, but libev doesn't do it
+either...).
+.IP "queueing from a thread context" 4
+.IX Item "queueing from a thread context"
+The strategy for threads is different, as you cannot (easily) block
+threads but you can easily preempt them, so to queue safely you need to
+employ a traditional mutex lock, such as in this pthread example:
+.Sp
+.Vb 2
+\& static ev_async mysig;
+\& static pthread_mutex_t mymutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
+\&
+\& static void
+\& otherthread (void)
+\& {
+\& // only need to lock the actual queueing operation
+\& pthread_mutex_lock (&mymutex);
+\& queue_put (data);
+\& pthread_mutex_unlock (&mymutex);
+\&
+\& ev_async_send (EV_DEFAULT_ &mysig);
+\& }
+\&
+\& static void
+\& mysig_cb (EV_P_ ev_async *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& pthread_mutex_lock (&mymutex);
+\&
+\& while (queue_get (&data))
+\& process (data);
+\&
+\& pthread_mutex_unlock (&mymutex);
+\& }
+.Ve
+.PP
+\fIWatcher-Specific Functions and Data Members\fR
+.IX Subsection "Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members"
+.IP "ev_async_init (ev_async *, callback)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_async_init (ev_async *, callback)"
+Initialises and configures the async watcher \- it has no parameters of any
+kind. There is a \f(CW\*(C`ev_async_set\*(C'\fR macro, but using it is utterly pointless,
+trust me.
+.IP "ev_async_send (loop, ev_async *)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_async_send (loop, ev_async *)"
+Sends/signals/activates the given \f(CW\*(C`ev_async\*(C'\fR watcher, that is, feeds
+an \f(CW\*(C`EV_ASYNC\*(C'\fR event on the watcher into the event loop. Unlike
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_feed_event\*(C'\fR, this call is safe to do from other threads, signal or
+similar contexts (see the discussion of \f(CW\*(C`EV_ATOMIC_T\*(C'\fR in the embedding
+section below on what exactly this means).
+.Sp
+This call incurs the overhead of a system call only once per loop iteration,
+so while the overhead might be noticeable, it doesn't apply to repeated
+calls to \f(CW\*(C`ev_async_send\*(C'\fR.
+.IP "bool = ev_async_pending (ev_async *)" 4
+.IX Item "bool = ev_async_pending (ev_async *)"
+Returns a non-zero value when \f(CW\*(C`ev_async_send\*(C'\fR has been called on the
+watcher but the event has not yet been processed (or even noted) by the
+event loop.
+.Sp
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_async_send\*(C'\fR sets a flag in the watcher and wakes up the loop. When
+the loop iterates next and checks for the watcher to have become active,
+it will reset the flag again. \f(CW\*(C`ev_async_pending\*(C'\fR can be used to very
+quickly check whether invoking the loop might be a good idea.
+.Sp
+Not that this does \fInot\fR check whether the watcher itself is pending, only
+whether it has been requested to make this watcher pending.
+.SH "OTHER FUNCTIONS"
+.IX Header "OTHER FUNCTIONS"
+There are some other functions of possible interest. Described. Here. Now.
+.IP "ev_once (loop, int fd, int events, ev_tstamp timeout, callback)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_once (loop, int fd, int events, ev_tstamp timeout, callback)"
+This function combines a simple timer and an I/O watcher, calls your
+callback on whichever event happens first and automatically stops both
+watchers. This is useful if you want to wait for a single event on an fd
+or timeout without having to allocate/configure/start/stop/free one or
+more watchers yourself.
+.Sp
+If \f(CW\*(C`fd\*(C'\fR is less than 0, then no I/O watcher will be started and the
+\&\f(CW\*(C`events\*(C'\fR argument is being ignored. Otherwise, an \f(CW\*(C`ev_io\*(C'\fR watcher for
+the given \f(CW\*(C`fd\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`events\*(C'\fR set will be created and started.
+.Sp
+If \f(CW\*(C`timeout\*(C'\fR is less than 0, then no timeout watcher will be
+started. Otherwise an \f(CW\*(C`ev_timer\*(C'\fR watcher with after = \f(CW\*(C`timeout\*(C'\fR (and
+repeat = 0) will be started. \f(CW0\fR is a valid timeout.
+.Sp
+The callback has the type \f(CW\*(C`void (*cb)(int revents, void *arg)\*(C'\fR and gets
+passed an \f(CW\*(C`revents\*(C'\fR set like normal event callbacks (a combination of
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EV_ERROR\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`EV_READ\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`EV_WRITE\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`EV_TIMEOUT\*(C'\fR) and the \f(CW\*(C`arg\*(C'\fR
+value passed to \f(CW\*(C`ev_once\*(C'\fR. Note that it is possible to receive \fIboth\fR
+a timeout and an io event at the same time \- you probably should give io
+events precedence.
+.Sp
+Example: wait up to ten seconds for data to appear on \s-1STDIN_FILENO\s0.
+.Sp
+.Vb 7
+\& static void stdin_ready (int revents, void *arg)
+\& {
+\& if (revents & EV_READ)
+\& /* stdin might have data for us, joy! */;
+\& else if (revents & EV_TIMEOUT)
+\& /* doh, nothing entered */;
+\& }
+\&
+\& ev_once (STDIN_FILENO, EV_READ, 10., stdin_ready, 0);
+.Ve
+.IP "ev_feed_event (struct ev_loop *, watcher *, int revents)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_feed_event (struct ev_loop *, watcher *, int revents)"
+Feeds the given event set into the event loop, as if the specified event
+had happened for the specified watcher (which must be a pointer to an
+initialised but not necessarily started event watcher).
+.IP "ev_feed_fd_event (struct ev_loop *, int fd, int revents)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_feed_fd_event (struct ev_loop *, int fd, int revents)"
+Feed an event on the given fd, as if a file descriptor backend detected
+the given events it.
+.IP "ev_feed_signal_event (struct ev_loop *loop, int signum)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_feed_signal_event (struct ev_loop *loop, int signum)"
+Feed an event as if the given signal occurred (\f(CW\*(C`loop\*(C'\fR must be the default
+loop!).
+.SH "LIBEVENT EMULATION"
+.IX Header "LIBEVENT EMULATION"
+Libev offers a compatibility emulation layer for libevent. It cannot
+emulate the internals of libevent, so here are some usage hints:
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+Use it by including <event.h>, as usual.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+The following members are fully supported: ev_base, ev_callback,
+ev_arg, ev_fd, ev_res, ev_events.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+Avoid using ev_flags and the EVLIST_*\-macros, while it is
+maintained by libev, it does not work exactly the same way as in libevent (consider
+it a private \s-1API\s0).
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+Priorities are not currently supported. Initialising priorities
+will fail and all watchers will have the same priority, even though there
+is an ev_pri field.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+In libevent, the last base created gets the signals, in libev, the
+first base created (== the default loop) gets the signals.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+Other members are not supported.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+The libev emulation is \fInot\fR \s-1ABI\s0 compatible to libevent, you need
+to use the libev header file and library.
+.SH "\*(C+ SUPPORT"
+.IX Header " SUPPORT"
+Libev comes with some simplistic wrapper classes for \*(C+ that mainly allow
+you to use some convenience methods to start/stop watchers and also change
+the callback model to a model using method callbacks on objects.
+.PP
+To use it,
+.PP
+.Vb 1
+\& #include <ev++.h>
+.Ve
+.PP
+This automatically includes \fIev.h\fR and puts all of its definitions (many
+of them macros) into the global namespace. All \*(C+ specific things are
+put into the \f(CW\*(C`ev\*(C'\fR namespace. It should support all the same embedding
+options as \fIev.h\fR, most notably \f(CW\*(C`EV_MULTIPLICITY\*(C'\fR.
+.PP
+Care has been taken to keep the overhead low. The only data member the \*(C+
+classes add (compared to plain C\-style watchers) is the event loop pointer
+that the watcher is associated with (or no additional members at all if
+you disable \f(CW\*(C`EV_MULTIPLICITY\*(C'\fR when embedding libev).
+.PP
+Currently, functions, and static and non-static member functions can be
+used as callbacks. Other types should be easy to add as long as they only
+need one additional pointer for context. If you need support for other
+types of functors please contact the author (preferably after implementing
+it).
+.PP
+Here is a list of things available in the \f(CW\*(C`ev\*(C'\fR namespace:
+.ie n .IP """ev::READ""\fR, \f(CW""ev::WRITE"" etc." 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWev::READ\fR, \f(CWev::WRITE\fR etc." 4
+.IX Item "ev::READ, ev::WRITE etc."
+These are just enum values with the same values as the \f(CW\*(C`EV_READ\*(C'\fR etc.
+macros from \fIev.h\fR.
+.ie n .IP """ev::tstamp""\fR, \f(CW""ev::now""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWev::tstamp\fR, \f(CWev::now\fR" 4
+.IX Item "ev::tstamp, ev::now"
+Aliases to the same types/functions as with the \f(CW\*(C`ev_\*(C'\fR prefix.
+.ie n .IP """ev::io""\fR, \f(CW""ev::timer""\fR, \f(CW""ev::periodic""\fR, \f(CW""ev::idle""\fR, \f(CW""ev::sig"" etc." 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWev::io\fR, \f(CWev::timer\fR, \f(CWev::periodic\fR, \f(CWev::idle\fR, \f(CWev::sig\fR etc." 4
+.IX Item "ev::io, ev::timer, ev::periodic, ev::idle, ev::sig etc."
+For each \f(CW\*(C`ev_TYPE\*(C'\fR watcher in \fIev.h\fR there is a corresponding class of
+the same name in the \f(CW\*(C`ev\*(C'\fR namespace, with the exception of \f(CW\*(C`ev_signal\*(C'\fR
+which is called \f(CW\*(C`ev::sig\*(C'\fR to avoid clashes with the \f(CW\*(C`signal\*(C'\fR macro
+defines by many implementations.
+.Sp
+All of those classes have these methods:
+.RS 4
+.IP "ev::TYPE::TYPE ()" 4
+.IX Item "ev::TYPE::TYPE ()"
+.PD 0
+.IP "ev::TYPE::TYPE (struct ev_loop *)" 4
+.IX Item "ev::TYPE::TYPE (struct ev_loop *)"
+.IP "ev::TYPE::~TYPE" 4
+.IX Item "ev::TYPE::~TYPE"
+.PD
+The constructor (optionally) takes an event loop to associate the watcher
+with. If it is omitted, it will use \f(CW\*(C`EV_DEFAULT\*(C'\fR.
+.Sp
+The constructor calls \f(CW\*(C`ev_init\*(C'\fR for you, which means you have to call the
+\&\f(CW\*(C`set\*(C'\fR method before starting it.
+.Sp
+It will not set a callback, however: You have to call the templated \f(CW\*(C`set\*(C'\fR
+method to set a callback before you can start the watcher.
+.Sp
+(The reason why you have to use a method is a limitation in \*(C+ which does
+not allow explicit template arguments for constructors).
+.Sp
+The destructor automatically stops the watcher if it is active.
+.IP "w\->set<class, &class::method> (object *)" 4
+.IX Item "w->set<class, &class::method> (object *)"
+This method sets the callback method to call. The method has to have a
+signature of \f(CW\*(C`void (*)(ev_TYPE &, int)\*(C'\fR, it receives the watcher as
+first argument and the \f(CW\*(C`revents\*(C'\fR as second. The object must be given as
+parameter and is stored in the \f(CW\*(C`data\*(C'\fR member of the watcher.
+.Sp
+This method synthesizes efficient thunking code to call your method from
+the C callback that libev requires. If your compiler can inline your
+callback (i.e. it is visible to it at the place of the \f(CW\*(C`set\*(C'\fR call and
+your compiler is good :), then the method will be fully inlined into the
+thunking function, making it as fast as a direct C callback.
+.Sp
+Example: simple class declaration and watcher initialisation
+.Sp
+.Vb 4
+\& struct myclass
+\& {
+\& void io_cb (ev::io &w, int revents) { }
+\& }
+\&
+\& myclass obj;
+\& ev::io iow;
+\& iow.set <myclass, &myclass::io_cb> (&obj);
+.Ve
+.IP "w\->set (object *)" 4
+.IX Item "w->set (object *)"
+This is an \fBexperimental\fR feature that might go away in a future version.
+.Sp
+This is a variation of a method callback \- leaving out the method to call
+will default the method to \f(CW\*(C`operator ()\*(C'\fR, which makes it possible to use
+functor objects without having to manually specify the \f(CW\*(C`operator ()\*(C'\fR all
+the time. Incidentally, you can then also leave out the template argument
+list.
+.Sp
+The \f(CW\*(C`operator ()\*(C'\fR method prototype must be \f(CW\*(C`void operator ()(watcher &w,
+int revents)\*(C'\fR.
+.Sp
+See the method\-\f(CW\*(C`set\*(C'\fR above for more details.
+.Sp
+Example: use a functor object as callback.
+.Sp
+.Vb 7
+\& struct myfunctor
+\& {
+\& void operator() (ev::io &w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& ...
+\& }
+\& }
+\&
+\& myfunctor f;
+\&
+\& ev::io w;
+\& w.set (&f);
+.Ve
+.IP "w\->set<function> (void *data = 0)" 4
+.IX Item "w->set<function> (void *data = 0)"
+Also sets a callback, but uses a static method or plain function as
+callback. The optional \f(CW\*(C`data\*(C'\fR argument will be stored in the watcher's
+\&\f(CW\*(C`data\*(C'\fR member and is free for you to use.
+.Sp
+The prototype of the \f(CW\*(C`function\*(C'\fR must be \f(CW\*(C`void (*)(ev::TYPE &w, int)\*(C'\fR.
+.Sp
+See the method\-\f(CW\*(C`set\*(C'\fR above for more details.
+.Sp
+Example: Use a plain function as callback.
+.Sp
+.Vb 2
+\& static void io_cb (ev::io &w, int revents) { }
+\& iow.set <io_cb> ();
+.Ve
+.IP "w\->set (struct ev_loop *)" 4
+.IX Item "w->set (struct ev_loop *)"
+Associates a different \f(CW\*(C`struct ev_loop\*(C'\fR with this watcher. You can only
+do this when the watcher is inactive (and not pending either).
+.IP "w\->set ([arguments])" 4
+.IX Item "w->set ([arguments])"
+Basically the same as \f(CW\*(C`ev_TYPE_set\*(C'\fR, with the same arguments. Must be
+called at least once. Unlike the C counterpart, an active watcher gets
+automatically stopped and restarted when reconfiguring it with this
+method.
+.IP "w\->start ()" 4
+.IX Item "w->start ()"
+Starts the watcher. Note that there is no \f(CW\*(C`loop\*(C'\fR argument, as the
+constructor already stores the event loop.
+.IP "w\->stop ()" 4
+.IX Item "w->stop ()"
+Stops the watcher if it is active. Again, no \f(CW\*(C`loop\*(C'\fR argument.
+.ie n .IP "w\->again () (""ev::timer""\fR, \f(CW""ev::periodic"" only)" 4
+.el .IP "w\->again () (\f(CWev::timer\fR, \f(CWev::periodic\fR only)" 4
+.IX Item "w->again () (ev::timer, ev::periodic only)"
+For \f(CW\*(C`ev::timer\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`ev::periodic\*(C'\fR, this invokes the corresponding
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_TYPE_again\*(C'\fR function.
+.ie n .IP "w\->sweep () (""ev::embed"" only)" 4
+.el .IP "w\->sweep () (\f(CWev::embed\fR only)" 4
+.IX Item "w->sweep () (ev::embed only)"
+Invokes \f(CW\*(C`ev_embed_sweep\*(C'\fR.
+.ie n .IP "w\->update () (""ev::stat"" only)" 4
+.el .IP "w\->update () (\f(CWev::stat\fR only)" 4
+.IX Item "w->update () (ev::stat only)"
+Invokes \f(CW\*(C`ev_stat_stat\*(C'\fR.
+.RE
+.RS 4
+.RE
+.PP
+Example: Define a class with an \s-1IO\s0 and idle watcher, start one of them in
+the constructor.
+.PP
+.Vb 4
+\& class myclass
+\& {
+\& ev::io io ; void io_cb (ev::io &w, int revents);
+\& ev::idle idle; void idle_cb (ev::idle &w, int revents);
+\&
+\& myclass (int fd)
+\& {
+\& io .set <myclass, &myclass::io_cb > (this);
+\& idle.set <myclass, &myclass::idle_cb> (this);
+\&
+\& io.start (fd, ev::READ);
+\& }
+\& };
+.Ve
+.SH "OTHER LANGUAGE BINDINGS"
+.IX Header "OTHER LANGUAGE BINDINGS"
+Libev does not offer other language bindings itself, but bindings for a
+number of languages exist in the form of third-party packages. If you know
+any interesting language binding in addition to the ones listed here, drop
+me a note.
+.IP "Perl" 4
+.IX Item "Perl"
+The \s-1EV\s0 module implements the full libev \s-1API\s0 and is actually used to test
+libev. \s-1EV\s0 is developed together with libev. Apart from the \s-1EV\s0 core module,
+there are additional modules that implement libev-compatible interfaces
+to \f(CW\*(C`libadns\*(C'\fR (\f(CW\*(C`EV::ADNS\*(C'\fR, but \f(CW\*(C`AnyEvent::DNS\*(C'\fR is preferred nowadays),
+\&\f(CW\*(C`Net::SNMP\*(C'\fR (\f(CW\*(C`Net::SNMP::EV\*(C'\fR) and the \f(CW\*(C`libglib\*(C'\fR event core (\f(CW\*(C`Glib::EV\*(C'\fR
+and \f(CW\*(C`EV::Glib\*(C'\fR).
+.Sp
+It can be found and installed via \s-1CPAN\s0, its homepage is at
+<http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/EV>.
+.IP "Python" 4
+.IX Item "Python"
+Python bindings can be found at <http://code.google.com/p/pyev/>. It
+seems to be quite complete and well-documented. Note, however, that the
+patch they require for libev is outright dangerous as it breaks the \s-1ABI\s0
+for everybody else, and therefore, should never be applied in an installed
+libev (if python requires an incompatible \s-1ABI\s0 then it needs to embed
+libev).
+.IP "Ruby" 4
+.IX Item "Ruby"
+Tony Arcieri has written a ruby extension that offers access to a subset
+of the libev \s-1API\s0 and adds file handle abstractions, asynchronous \s-1DNS\s0 and
+more on top of it. It can be found via gem servers. Its homepage is at
+<http://rev.rubyforge.org/>.
+.Sp
+Roger Pack reports that using the link order \f(CW\*(C`\-lws2_32 \-lmsvcrt\-ruby\-190\*(C'\fR
+makes rev work even on mingw.
+.IP "D" 4
+.IX Item "D"
+Leandro Lucarella has written a D language binding (\fIev.d\fR) for libev, to
+be found at <http://proj.llucax.com.ar/wiki/evd>.
+.IP "Ocaml" 4
+.IX Item "Ocaml"
+Erkki Seppala has written Ocaml bindings for libev, to be found at
+<http://modeemi.cs.tut.fi/~flux/software/ocaml\-ev/>.
+.SH "MACRO MAGIC"
+.IX Header "MACRO MAGIC"
+Libev can be compiled with a variety of options, the most fundamental
+of which is \f(CW\*(C`EV_MULTIPLICITY\*(C'\fR. This option determines whether (most)
+functions and callbacks have an initial \f(CW\*(C`struct ev_loop *\*(C'\fR argument.
+.PP
+To make it easier to write programs that cope with either variant, the
+following macros are defined:
+.ie n .IP """EV_A""\fR, \f(CW""EV_A_""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_A\fR, \f(CWEV_A_\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_A, EV_A_"
+This provides the loop \fIargument\fR for functions, if one is required (\*(L"ev
+loop argument\*(R"). The \f(CW\*(C`EV_A\*(C'\fR form is used when this is the sole argument,
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EV_A_\*(C'\fR is used when other arguments are following. Example:
+.Sp
+.Vb 3
+\& ev_unref (EV_A);
+\& ev_timer_add (EV_A_ watcher);
+\& ev_loop (EV_A_ 0);
+.Ve
+.Sp
+It assumes the variable \f(CW\*(C`loop\*(C'\fR of type \f(CW\*(C`struct ev_loop *\*(C'\fR is in scope,
+which is often provided by the following macro.
+.ie n .IP """EV_P""\fR, \f(CW""EV_P_""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_P\fR, \f(CWEV_P_\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_P, EV_P_"
+This provides the loop \fIparameter\fR for functions, if one is required (\*(L"ev
+loop parameter\*(R"). The \f(CW\*(C`EV_P\*(C'\fR form is used when this is the sole parameter,
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EV_P_\*(C'\fR is used when other parameters are following. Example:
+.Sp
+.Vb 2
+\& // this is how ev_unref is being declared
+\& static void ev_unref (EV_P);
+\&
+\& // this is how you can declare your typical callback
+\& static void cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents)
+.Ve
+.Sp
+It declares a parameter \f(CW\*(C`loop\*(C'\fR of type \f(CW\*(C`struct ev_loop *\*(C'\fR, quite
+suitable for use with \f(CW\*(C`EV_A\*(C'\fR.
+.ie n .IP """EV_DEFAULT""\fR, \f(CW""EV_DEFAULT_""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_DEFAULT\fR, \f(CWEV_DEFAULT_\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_DEFAULT, EV_DEFAULT_"
+Similar to the other two macros, this gives you the value of the default
+loop, if multiple loops are supported (\*(L"ev loop default\*(R").
+.ie n .IP """EV_DEFAULT_UC""\fR, \f(CW""EV_DEFAULT_UC_""" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWEV_DEFAULT_UC\fR, \f(CWEV_DEFAULT_UC_\fR" 4
+.IX Item "EV_DEFAULT_UC, EV_DEFAULT_UC_"
+Usage identical to \f(CW\*(C`EV_DEFAULT\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`EV_DEFAULT_\*(C'\fR, but requires that the
+default loop has been initialised (\f(CW\*(C`UC\*(C'\fR == unchecked). Their behaviour
+is undefined when the default loop has not been initialised by a previous
+execution of \f(CW\*(C`EV_DEFAULT\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`EV_DEFAULT_\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`ev_default_init (...)\*(C'\fR.
+.Sp
+It is often prudent to use \f(CW\*(C`EV_DEFAULT\*(C'\fR when initialising the first
+watcher in a function but use \f(CW\*(C`EV_DEFAULT_UC\*(C'\fR afterwards.
+.PP
+Example: Declare and initialise a check watcher, utilising the above
+macros so it will work regardless of whether multiple loops are supported
+or not.
+.PP
+.Vb 5
+\& static void
+\& check_cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents)
+\& {
+\& ev_check_stop (EV_A_ w);
+\& }
+\&
+\& ev_check check;
+\& ev_check_init (&check, check_cb);
+\& ev_check_start (EV_DEFAULT_ &check);
+\& ev_loop (EV_DEFAULT_ 0);
+.Ve
+.SH "EMBEDDING"
+.IX Header "EMBEDDING"
+Libev can (and often is) directly embedded into host
+applications. Examples of applications that embed it include the Deliantra
+Game Server, the \s-1EV\s0 perl module, the \s-1GNU\s0 Virtual Private Ethernet (gvpe)
+and rxvt-unicode.
+.PP
+The goal is to enable you to just copy the necessary files into your
+source directory without having to change even a single line in them, so
+you can easily upgrade by simply copying (or having a checked-out copy of
+libev somewhere in your source tree).
+.Sh "\s-1FILESETS\s0"
+.IX Subsection "FILESETS"
+Depending on what features you need you need to include one or more sets of files
+in your application.
+.PP
+\fI\s-1CORE\s0 \s-1EVENT\s0 \s-1LOOP\s0\fR
+.IX Subsection "CORE EVENT LOOP"
+.PP
+To include only the libev core (all the \f(CW\*(C`ev_*\*(C'\fR functions), with manual
+configuration (no autoconf):
+.PP
+.Vb 2
+\& #define EV_STANDALONE 1
+\& #include "ev.c"
+.Ve
+.PP
+This will automatically include \fIev.h\fR, too, and should be done in a
+single C source file only to provide the function implementations. To use
+it, do the same for \fIev.h\fR in all files wishing to use this \s-1API\s0 (best
+done by writing a wrapper around \fIev.h\fR that you can include instead and
+where you can put other configuration options):
+.PP
+.Vb 2
+\& #define EV_STANDALONE 1
+\& #include "ev.h"
+.Ve
+.PP
+Both header files and implementation files can be compiled with a \*(C+
+compiler (at least, that's a stated goal, and breakage will be treated
+as a bug).
+.PP
+You need the following files in your source tree, or in a directory
+in your include path (e.g. in libev/ when using \-Ilibev):
+.PP
+.Vb 4
+\& ev.h
+\& ev.c
+\& ev_vars.h
+\& ev_wrap.h
+\&
+\& ev_win32.c required on win32 platforms only
+\&
+\& ev_select.c only when select backend is enabled (which is enabled by default)
+\& ev_poll.c only when poll backend is enabled (disabled by default)
+\& ev_epoll.c only when the epoll backend is enabled (disabled by default)
+\& ev_kqueue.c only when the kqueue backend is enabled (disabled by default)
+\& ev_port.c only when the solaris port backend is enabled (disabled by default)
+.Ve
+.PP
+\&\fIev.c\fR includes the backend files directly when enabled, so you only need
+to compile this single file.
+.PP
+\fI\s-1LIBEVENT\s0 \s-1COMPATIBILITY\s0 \s-1API\s0\fR
+.IX Subsection "LIBEVENT COMPATIBILITY API"
+.PP
+To include the libevent compatibility \s-1API\s0, also include:
+.PP
+.Vb 1
+\& #include "event.c"
+.Ve
+.PP
+in the file including \fIev.c\fR, and:
+.PP
+.Vb 1
+\& #include "event.h"
+.Ve
+.PP
+in the files that want to use the libevent \s-1API\s0. This also includes \fIev.h\fR.
+.PP
+You need the following additional files for this:
+.PP
+.Vb 2
+\& event.h
+\& event.c
+.Ve
+.PP
+\fI\s-1AUTOCONF\s0 \s-1SUPPORT\s0\fR
+.IX Subsection "AUTOCONF SUPPORT"
+.PP
+Instead of using \f(CW\*(C`EV_STANDALONE=1\*(C'\fR and providing your configuration in
+whatever way you want, you can also \f(CW\*(C`m4_include([libev.m4])\*(C'\fR in your
+\&\fIconfigure.ac\fR and leave \f(CW\*(C`EV_STANDALONE\*(C'\fR undefined. \fIev.c\fR will then
+include \fIconfig.h\fR and configure itself accordingly.
+.PP
+For this of course you need the m4 file:
+.PP
+.Vb 1
+\& libev.m4
+.Ve
+.Sh "\s-1PREPROCESSOR\s0 \s-1SYMBOLS/MACROS\s0"
+.IX Subsection "PREPROCESSOR SYMBOLS/MACROS"
+Libev can be configured via a variety of preprocessor symbols you have to
+define before including any of its files. The default in the absence of
+autoconf is documented for every option.
+.IP "\s-1EV_STANDALONE\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_STANDALONE"
+Must always be \f(CW1\fR if you do not use autoconf configuration, which
+keeps libev from including \fIconfig.h\fR, and it also defines dummy
+implementations for some libevent functions (such as logging, which is not
+supported). It will also not define any of the structs usually found in
+\&\fIevent.h\fR that are not directly supported by the libev core alone.
+.Sp
+In stanbdalone mode, libev will still try to automatically deduce the
+configuration, but has to be more conservative.
+.IP "\s-1EV_USE_MONOTONIC\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_USE_MONOTONIC"
+If defined to be \f(CW1\fR, libev will try to detect the availability of the
+monotonic clock option at both compile time and runtime. Otherwise no
+use of the monotonic clock option will be attempted. If you enable this,
+you usually have to link against librt or something similar. Enabling it
+when the functionality isn't available is safe, though, although you have
+to make sure you link against any libraries where the \f(CW\*(C`clock_gettime\*(C'\fR
+function is hiding in (often \fI\-lrt\fR). See also \f(CW\*(C`EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL\*(C'\fR.
+.IP "\s-1EV_USE_REALTIME\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_USE_REALTIME"
+If defined to be \f(CW1\fR, libev will try to detect the availability of the
+real-time clock option at compile time (and assume its availability
+at runtime if successful). Otherwise no use of the real-time clock
+option will be attempted. This effectively replaces \f(CW\*(C`gettimeofday\*(C'\fR
+by \f(CW\*(C`clock_get (CLOCK_REALTIME, ...)\*(C'\fR and will not normally affect
+correctness. See the note about libraries in the description of
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EV_USE_MONOTONIC\*(C'\fR, though. Defaults to the opposite value of
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL\*(C'\fR.
+.IP "\s-1EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL"
+If defined to be \f(CW1\fR, libev will try to use a direct syscall instead
+of calling the system-provided \f(CW\*(C`clock_gettime\*(C'\fR function. This option
+exists because on GNU/Linux, \f(CW\*(C`clock_gettime\*(C'\fR is in \f(CW\*(C`librt\*(C'\fR, but \f(CW\*(C`librt\*(C'\fR
+unconditionally pulls in \f(CW\*(C`libpthread\*(C'\fR, slowing down single-threaded
+programs needlessly. Using a direct syscall is slightly slower (in
+theory), because no optimised vdso implementation can be used, but avoids
+the pthread dependency. Defaults to \f(CW1\fR on GNU/Linux with glibc 2.x or
+higher, as it simplifies linking (no need for \f(CW\*(C`\-lrt\*(C'\fR).
+.IP "\s-1EV_USE_NANOSLEEP\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_USE_NANOSLEEP"
+If defined to be \f(CW1\fR, libev will assume that \f(CW\*(C`nanosleep ()\*(C'\fR is available
+and will use it for delays. Otherwise it will use \f(CW\*(C`select ()\*(C'\fR.
+.IP "\s-1EV_USE_EVENTFD\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_USE_EVENTFD"
+If defined to be \f(CW1\fR, then libev will assume that \f(CW\*(C`eventfd ()\*(C'\fR is
+available and will probe for kernel support at runtime. This will improve
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_signal\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`ev_async\*(C'\fR performance and reduce resource consumption.
+If undefined, it will be enabled if the headers indicate GNU/Linux + Glibc
+2.7 or newer, otherwise disabled.
+.IP "\s-1EV_USE_SELECT\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_USE_SELECT"
+If undefined or defined to be \f(CW1\fR, libev will compile in support for the
+\&\f(CW\*(C`select\*(C'\fR(2) backend. No attempt at auto-detection will be done: if no
+other method takes over, select will be it. Otherwise the select backend
+will not be compiled in.
+.IP "\s-1EV_SELECT_USE_FD_SET\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_SELECT_USE_FD_SET"
+If defined to \f(CW1\fR, then the select backend will use the system \f(CW\*(C`fd_set\*(C'\fR
+structure. This is useful if libev doesn't compile due to a missing
+\&\f(CW\*(C`NFDBITS\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`fd_mask\*(C'\fR definition or it mis-guesses the bitset layout
+on exotic systems. This usually limits the range of file descriptors to
+some low limit such as 1024 or might have other limitations (winsocket
+only allows 64 sockets). The \f(CW\*(C`FD_SETSIZE\*(C'\fR macro, set before compilation,
+configures the maximum size of the \f(CW\*(C`fd_set\*(C'\fR.
+.IP "\s-1EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET"
+When defined to \f(CW1\fR, the select backend will assume that
+select/socket/connect etc. don't understand file descriptors but
+wants osf handles on win32 (this is the case when the select to
+be used is the winsock select). This means that it will call
+\&\f(CW\*(C`_get_osfhandle\*(C'\fR on the fd to convert it to an \s-1OS\s0 handle. Otherwise,
+it is assumed that all these functions actually work on fds, even
+on win32. Should not be defined on non\-win32 platforms.
+.IP "\s-1EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE"
+If \f(CW\*(C`EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET\*(C'\fR is enabled, then libev needs a way to map
+file descriptors to socket handles. When not defining this symbol (the
+default), then libev will call \f(CW\*(C`_get_osfhandle\*(C'\fR, which is usually
+correct. In some cases, programs use their own file descriptor management,
+in which case they can provide this function to map fds to socket handles.
+.IP "\s-1EV_USE_POLL\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_USE_POLL"
+If defined to be \f(CW1\fR, libev will compile in support for the \f(CW\*(C`poll\*(C'\fR(2)
+backend. Otherwise it will be enabled on non\-win32 platforms. It
+takes precedence over select.
+.IP "\s-1EV_USE_EPOLL\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_USE_EPOLL"
+If defined to be \f(CW1\fR, libev will compile in support for the Linux
+\&\f(CW\*(C`epoll\*(C'\fR(7) backend. Its availability will be detected at runtime,
+otherwise another method will be used as fallback. This is the preferred
+backend for GNU/Linux systems. If undefined, it will be enabled if the
+headers indicate GNU/Linux + Glibc 2.4 or newer, otherwise disabled.
+.IP "\s-1EV_USE_KQUEUE\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_USE_KQUEUE"
+If defined to be \f(CW1\fR, libev will compile in support for the \s-1BSD\s0 style
+\&\f(CW\*(C`kqueue\*(C'\fR(2) backend. Its actual availability will be detected at runtime,
+otherwise another method will be used as fallback. This is the preferred
+backend for \s-1BSD\s0 and BSD-like systems, although on most BSDs kqueue only
+supports some types of fds correctly (the only platform we found that
+supports ptys for example was NetBSD), so kqueue might be compiled in, but
+not be used unless explicitly requested. The best way to use it is to find
+out whether kqueue supports your type of fd properly and use an embedded
+kqueue loop.
+.IP "\s-1EV_USE_PORT\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_USE_PORT"
+If defined to be \f(CW1\fR, libev will compile in support for the Solaris
+10 port style backend. Its availability will be detected at runtime,
+otherwise another method will be used as fallback. This is the preferred
+backend for Solaris 10 systems.
+.IP "\s-1EV_USE_DEVPOLL\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_USE_DEVPOLL"
+Reserved for future expansion, works like the \s-1USE\s0 symbols above.
+.IP "\s-1EV_USE_INOTIFY\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_USE_INOTIFY"
+If defined to be \f(CW1\fR, libev will compile in support for the Linux inotify
+interface to speed up \f(CW\*(C`ev_stat\*(C'\fR watchers. Its actual availability will
+be detected at runtime. If undefined, it will be enabled if the headers
+indicate GNU/Linux + Glibc 2.4 or newer, otherwise disabled.
+.IP "\s-1EV_ATOMIC_T\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_ATOMIC_T"
+Libev requires an integer type (suitable for storing \f(CW0\fR or \f(CW1\fR) whose
+access is atomic with respect to other threads or signal contexts. No such
+type is easily found in the C language, so you can provide your own type
+that you know is safe for your purposes. It is used both for signal handler \*(L"locking\*(R"
+as well as for signal and thread safety in \f(CW\*(C`ev_async\*(C'\fR watchers.
+.Sp
+In the absence of this define, libev will use \f(CW\*(C`sig_atomic_t volatile\*(C'\fR
+(from \fIsignal.h\fR), which is usually good enough on most platforms.
+.IP "\s-1EV_H\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_H"
+The name of the \fIev.h\fR header file used to include it. The default if
+undefined is \f(CW"ev.h"\fR in \fIevent.h\fR, \fIev.c\fR and \fIev++.h\fR. This can be
+used to virtually rename the \fIev.h\fR header file in case of conflicts.
+.IP "\s-1EV_CONFIG_H\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_CONFIG_H"
+If \f(CW\*(C`EV_STANDALONE\*(C'\fR isn't \f(CW1\fR, this variable can be used to override
+\&\fIev.c\fR's idea of where to find the \fIconfig.h\fR file, similarly to
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EV_H\*(C'\fR, above.
+.IP "\s-1EV_EVENT_H\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_EVENT_H"
+Similarly to \f(CW\*(C`EV_H\*(C'\fR, this macro can be used to override \fIevent.c\fR's idea
+of how the \fIevent.h\fR header can be found, the default is \f(CW"event.h"\fR.
+.IP "\s-1EV_PROTOTYPES\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_PROTOTYPES"
+If defined to be \f(CW0\fR, then \fIev.h\fR will not define any function
+prototypes, but still define all the structs and other symbols. This is
+occasionally useful if you want to provide your own wrapper functions
+around libev functions.
+.IP "\s-1EV_MULTIPLICITY\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_MULTIPLICITY"
+If undefined or defined to \f(CW1\fR, then all event-loop-specific functions
+will have the \f(CW\*(C`struct ev_loop *\*(C'\fR as first argument, and you can create
+additional independent event loops. Otherwise there will be no support
+for multiple event loops and there is no first event loop pointer
+argument. Instead, all functions act on the single default loop.
+.IP "\s-1EV_MINPRI\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_MINPRI"
+.PD 0
+.IP "\s-1EV_MAXPRI\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_MAXPRI"
+.PD
+The range of allowed priorities. \f(CW\*(C`EV_MINPRI\*(C'\fR must be smaller or equal to
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EV_MAXPRI\*(C'\fR, but otherwise there are no non-obvious limitations. You can
+provide for more priorities by overriding those symbols (usually defined
+to be \f(CW\*(C`\-2\*(C'\fR and \f(CW2\fR, respectively).
+.Sp
+When doing priority-based operations, libev usually has to linearly search
+all the priorities, so having many of them (hundreds) uses a lot of space
+and time, so using the defaults of five priorities (\-2 .. +2) is usually
+fine.
+.Sp
+If your embedding application does not need any priorities, defining these
+both to \f(CW0\fR will save some memory and \s-1CPU\s0.
+.IP "\s-1EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE"
+If undefined or defined to be \f(CW1\fR, then periodic timers are supported. If
+defined to be \f(CW0\fR, then they are not. Disabling them saves a few kB of
+code.
+.IP "\s-1EV_IDLE_ENABLE\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_IDLE_ENABLE"
+If undefined or defined to be \f(CW1\fR, then idle watchers are supported. If
+defined to be \f(CW0\fR, then they are not. Disabling them saves a few kB of
+code.
+.IP "\s-1EV_EMBED_ENABLE\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_EMBED_ENABLE"
+If undefined or defined to be \f(CW1\fR, then embed watchers are supported. If
+defined to be \f(CW0\fR, then they are not. Embed watchers rely on most other
+watcher types, which therefore must not be disabled.
+.IP "\s-1EV_STAT_ENABLE\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_STAT_ENABLE"
+If undefined or defined to be \f(CW1\fR, then stat watchers are supported. If
+defined to be \f(CW0\fR, then they are not.
+.IP "\s-1EV_FORK_ENABLE\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_FORK_ENABLE"
+If undefined or defined to be \f(CW1\fR, then fork watchers are supported. If
+defined to be \f(CW0\fR, then they are not.
+.IP "\s-1EV_ASYNC_ENABLE\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_ASYNC_ENABLE"
+If undefined or defined to be \f(CW1\fR, then async watchers are supported. If
+defined to be \f(CW0\fR, then they are not.
+.IP "\s-1EV_MINIMAL\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_MINIMAL"
+If you need to shave off some kilobytes of code at the expense of some
+speed, define this symbol to \f(CW1\fR. Currently this is used to override some
+inlining decisions, saves roughly 30% code size on amd64. It also selects a
+much smaller 2\-heap for timer management over the default 4\-heap.
+.IP "\s-1EV_PID_HASHSIZE\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_PID_HASHSIZE"
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_child\*(C'\fR watchers use a small hash table to distribute workload by
+pid. The default size is \f(CW16\fR (or \f(CW1\fR with \f(CW\*(C`EV_MINIMAL\*(C'\fR), usually more
+than enough. If you need to manage thousands of children you might want to
+increase this value (\fImust\fR be a power of two).
+.IP "\s-1EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE"
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_stat\*(C'\fR watchers use a small hash table to distribute workload by
+inotify watch id. The default size is \f(CW16\fR (or \f(CW1\fR with \f(CW\*(C`EV_MINIMAL\*(C'\fR),
+usually more than enough. If you need to manage thousands of \f(CW\*(C`ev_stat\*(C'\fR
+watchers you might want to increase this value (\fImust\fR be a power of
+two).
+.IP "\s-1EV_USE_4HEAP\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_USE_4HEAP"
+Heaps are not very cache-efficient. To improve the cache-efficiency of the
+timer and periodics heaps, libev uses a 4\-heap when this symbol is defined
+to \f(CW1\fR. The 4\-heap uses more complicated (longer) code but has noticeably
+faster performance with many (thousands) of watchers.
+.Sp
+The default is \f(CW1\fR unless \f(CW\*(C`EV_MINIMAL\*(C'\fR is set in which case it is \f(CW0\fR
+(disabled).
+.IP "\s-1EV_HEAP_CACHE_AT\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_HEAP_CACHE_AT"
+Heaps are not very cache-efficient. To improve the cache-efficiency of the
+timer and periodics heaps, libev can cache the timestamp (\fIat\fR) within
+the heap structure (selected by defining \f(CW\*(C`EV_HEAP_CACHE_AT\*(C'\fR to \f(CW1\fR),
+which uses 8\-12 bytes more per watcher and a few hundred bytes more code,
+but avoids random read accesses on heap changes. This improves performance
+noticeably with many (hundreds) of watchers.
+.Sp
+The default is \f(CW1\fR unless \f(CW\*(C`EV_MINIMAL\*(C'\fR is set in which case it is \f(CW0\fR
+(disabled).
+.IP "\s-1EV_VERIFY\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_VERIFY"
+Controls how much internal verification (see \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop_verify ()\*(C'\fR) will
+be done: If set to \f(CW0\fR, no internal verification code will be compiled
+in. If set to \f(CW1\fR, then verification code will be compiled in, but not
+called. If set to \f(CW2\fR, then the internal verification code will be
+called once per loop, which can slow down libev. If set to \f(CW3\fR, then the
+verification code will be called very frequently, which will slow down
+libev considerably.
+.Sp
+The default is \f(CW1\fR, unless \f(CW\*(C`EV_MINIMAL\*(C'\fR is set, in which case it will be
+\&\f(CW0\fR.
+.IP "\s-1EV_COMMON\s0" 4
+.IX Item "EV_COMMON"
+By default, all watchers have a \f(CW\*(C`void *data\*(C'\fR member. By redefining
+this macro to a something else you can include more and other types of
+members. You have to define it each time you include one of the files,
+though, and it must be identical each time.
+.Sp
+For example, the perl \s-1EV\s0 module uses something like this:
+.Sp
+.Vb 3
+\& #define EV_COMMON \e
+\& SV *self; /* contains this struct */ \e
+\& SV *cb_sv, *fh /* note no trailing ";" */
+.Ve
+.IP "\s-1EV_CB_DECLARE\s0 (type)" 4
+.IX Item "EV_CB_DECLARE (type)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "\s-1EV_CB_INVOKE\s0 (watcher, revents)" 4
+.IX Item "EV_CB_INVOKE (watcher, revents)"
+.IP "ev_set_cb (ev, cb)" 4
+.IX Item "ev_set_cb (ev, cb)"
+.PD
+Can be used to change the callback member declaration in each watcher,
+and the way callbacks are invoked and set. Must expand to a struct member
+definition and a statement, respectively. See the \fIev.h\fR header file for
+their default definitions. One possible use for overriding these is to
+avoid the \f(CW\*(C`struct ev_loop *\*(C'\fR as first argument in all cases, or to use
+method calls instead of plain function calls in \*(C+.
+.Sh "\s-1EXPORTED\s0 \s-1API\s0 \s-1SYMBOLS\s0"
+.IX Subsection "EXPORTED API SYMBOLS"
+If you need to re-export the \s-1API\s0 (e.g. via a \s-1DLL\s0) and you need a list of
+exported symbols, you can use the provided \fISymbol.*\fR files which list
+all public symbols, one per line:
+.PP
+.Vb 2
+\& Symbols.ev for libev proper
+\& Symbols.event for the libevent emulation
+.Ve
+.PP
+This can also be used to rename all public symbols to avoid clashes with
+multiple versions of libev linked together (which is obviously bad in
+itself, but sometimes it is inconvenient to avoid this).
+.PP
+A sed command like this will create wrapper \f(CW\*(C`#define\*(C'\fR's that you need to
+include before including \fIev.h\fR:
+.PP
+.Vb 1
+\& <Symbols.ev sed \-e "s/.*/#define & myprefix_&/" >wrap.h
+.Ve
+.PP
+This would create a file \fIwrap.h\fR which essentially looks like this:
+.PP
+.Vb 4
+\& #define ev_backend myprefix_ev_backend
+\& #define ev_check_start myprefix_ev_check_start
+\& #define ev_check_stop myprefix_ev_check_stop
+\& ...
+.Ve
+.Sh "\s-1EXAMPLES\s0"
+.IX Subsection "EXAMPLES"
+For a real-world example of a program the includes libev
+verbatim, you can have a look at the \s-1EV\s0 perl module
+(<http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/EV.html>). It has the libev files in
+the \fIlibev/\fR subdirectory and includes them in the \fI\s-1EV/EVAPI\s0.h\fR (public
+interface) and \fI\s-1EV\s0.xs\fR (implementation) files. Only the \fI\s-1EV\s0.xs\fR file
+will be compiled. It is pretty complex because it provides its own header
+file.
+.PP
+The usage in rxvt-unicode is simpler. It has a \fIev_cpp.h\fR header file
+that everybody includes and which overrides some configure choices:
+.PP
+.Vb 9
+\& #define EV_MINIMAL 1
+\& #define EV_USE_POLL 0
+\& #define EV_MULTIPLICITY 0
+\& #define EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE 0
+\& #define EV_STAT_ENABLE 0
+\& #define EV_FORK_ENABLE 0
+\& #define EV_CONFIG_H <config.h>
+\& #define EV_MINPRI 0
+\& #define EV_MAXPRI 0
+\&
+\& #include "ev++.h"
+.Ve
+.PP
+And a \fIev_cpp.C\fR implementation file that contains libev proper and is compiled:
+.PP
+.Vb 2
+\& #include "ev_cpp.h"
+\& #include "ev.c"
+.Ve
+.SH "INTERACTION WITH OTHER PROGRAMS OR LIBRARIES"
+.IX Header "INTERACTION WITH OTHER PROGRAMS OR LIBRARIES"
+.Sh "\s-1THREADS\s0 \s-1AND\s0 \s-1COROUTINES\s0"
+.IX Subsection "THREADS AND COROUTINES"
+\fI\s-1THREADS\s0\fR
+.IX Subsection "THREADS"
+.PP
+All libev functions are reentrant and thread-safe unless explicitly
+documented otherwise, but libev implements no locking itself. This means
+that you can use as many loops as you want in parallel, as long as there
+are no concurrent calls into any libev function with the same loop
+parameter (\f(CW\*(C`ev_default_*\*(C'\fR calls have an implicit default loop parameter,
+of course): libev guarantees that different event loops share no data
+structures that need any locking.
+.PP
+Or to put it differently: calls with different loop parameters can be done
+concurrently from multiple threads, calls with the same loop parameter
+must be done serially (but can be done from different threads, as long as
+only one thread ever is inside a call at any point in time, e.g. by using
+a mutex per loop).
+.PP
+Specifically to support threads (and signal handlers), libev implements
+so-called \f(CW\*(C`ev_async\*(C'\fR watchers, which allow some limited form of
+concurrency on the same event loop, namely waking it up \*(L"from the
+outside\*(R".
+.PP
+If you want to know which design (one loop, locking, or multiple loops
+without or something else still) is best for your problem, then I cannot
+help you, but here is some generic advice:
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+most applications have a main thread: use the default libev loop
+in that thread, or create a separate thread running only the default loop.
+.Sp
+This helps integrating other libraries or software modules that use libev
+themselves and don't care/know about threading.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+one loop per thread is usually a good model.
+.Sp
+Doing this is almost never wrong, sometimes a better-performance model
+exists, but it is always a good start.
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+other models exist, such as the leader/follower pattern, where one
+loop is handed through multiple threads in a kind of round-robin fashion.
+.Sp
+Choosing a model is hard \- look around, learn, know that usually you can do
+better than you currently do :\-)
+.IP "\(bu" 4
+often you need to talk to some other thread which blocks in the
+event loop.
+.Sp
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_async\*(C'\fR watchers can be used to wake them up from other threads safely
+(or from signal contexts...).
+.Sp
+An example use would be to communicate signals or other events that only
+work in the default loop by registering the signal watcher with the
+default loop and triggering an \f(CW\*(C`ev_async\*(C'\fR watcher from the default loop
+watcher callback into the event loop interested in the signal.
+.PP
+\fI\s-1COROUTINES\s0\fR
+.IX Subsection "COROUTINES"
+.PP
+Libev is very accommodating to coroutines (\*(L"cooperative threads\*(R"):
+libev fully supports nesting calls to its functions from different
+coroutines (e.g. you can call \f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR on the same loop from two
+different coroutines, and switch freely between both coroutines running the
+loop, as long as you don't confuse yourself). The only exception is that
+you must not do this from \f(CW\*(C`ev_periodic\*(C'\fR reschedule callbacks.
+.PP
+Care has been taken to ensure that libev does not keep local state inside
+\&\f(CW\*(C`ev_loop\*(C'\fR, and other calls do not usually allow for coroutine switches as
+they do not call any callbacks.
+.Sh "\s-1COMPILER\s0 \s-1WARNINGS\s0"
+.IX Subsection "COMPILER WARNINGS"
+Depending on your compiler and compiler settings, you might get no or a
+lot of warnings when compiling libev code. Some people are apparently
+scared by this.
+.PP
+However, these are unavoidable for many reasons. For one, each compiler
+has different warnings, and each user has different tastes regarding
+warning options. \*(L"Warn-free\*(R" code therefore cannot be a goal except when
+targeting a specific compiler and compiler-version.
+.PP
+Another reason is that some compiler warnings require elaborate
+workarounds, or other changes to the code that make it less clear and less
+maintainable.
+.PP
+And of course, some compiler warnings are just plain stupid, or simply
+wrong (because they don't actually warn about the condition their message
+seems to warn about). For example, certain older gcc versions had some
+warnings that resulted an extreme number of false positives. These have
+been fixed, but some people still insist on making code warn-free with
+such buggy versions.
+.PP
+While libev is written to generate as few warnings as possible,
+\&\*(L"warn-free\*(R" code is not a goal, and it is recommended not to build libev
+with any compiler warnings enabled unless you are prepared to cope with
+them (e.g. by ignoring them). Remember that warnings are just that:
+warnings, not errors, or proof of bugs.
+.Sh "\s-1VALGRIND\s0"
+.IX Subsection "VALGRIND"
+Valgrind has a special section here because it is a popular tool that is
+highly useful. Unfortunately, valgrind reports are very hard to interpret.
+.PP
+If you think you found a bug (memory leak, uninitialised data access etc.)
+in libev, then check twice: If valgrind reports something like:
+.PP
+.Vb 3
+\& ==2274== definitely lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks.
+\& ==2274== possibly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks.
+\& ==2274== still reachable: 256 bytes in 1 blocks.
+.Ve
+.PP
+Then there is no memory leak, just as memory accounted to global variables
+is not a memleak \- the memory is still being referenced, and didn't leak.
+.PP
+Similarly, under some circumstances, valgrind might report kernel bugs
+as if it were a bug in libev (e.g. in realloc or in the poll backend,
+although an acceptable workaround has been found here), or it might be
+confused.
+.PP
+Keep in mind that valgrind is a very good tool, but only a tool. Don't
+make it into some kind of religion.
+.PP
+If you are unsure about something, feel free to contact the mailing list
+with the full valgrind report and an explanation on why you think this
+is a bug in libev (best check the archives, too :). However, don't be
+annoyed when you get a brisk \*(L"this is no bug\*(R" answer and take the chance
+of learning how to interpret valgrind properly.
+.PP
+If you need, for some reason, empty reports from valgrind for your project
+I suggest using suppression lists.
+.SH "PORTABILITY NOTES"
+.IX Header "PORTABILITY NOTES"
+.Sh "\s-1WIN32\s0 \s-1PLATFORM\s0 \s-1LIMITATIONS\s0 \s-1AND\s0 \s-1WORKAROUNDS\s0"
+.IX Subsection "WIN32 PLATFORM LIMITATIONS AND WORKAROUNDS"
+Win32 doesn't support any of the standards (e.g. \s-1POSIX\s0) that libev
+requires, and its I/O model is fundamentally incompatible with the \s-1POSIX\s0
+model. Libev still offers limited functionality on this platform in
+the form of the \f(CW\*(C`EVBACKEND_SELECT\*(C'\fR backend, and only supports socket
+descriptors. This only applies when using Win32 natively, not when using
+e.g. cygwin.
+.PP
+Lifting these limitations would basically require the full
+re-implementation of the I/O system. If you are into these kinds of
+things, then note that glib does exactly that for you in a very portable
+way (note also that glib is the slowest event library known to man).
+.PP
+There is no supported compilation method available on windows except
+embedding it into other applications.
+.PP
+Not a libev limitation but worth mentioning: windows apparently doesn't
+accept large writes: instead of resulting in a partial write, windows will
+either accept everything or return \f(CW\*(C`ENOBUFS\*(C'\fR if the buffer is too large,
+so make sure you only write small amounts into your sockets (less than a
+megabyte seems safe, but this apparently depends on the amount of memory
+available).
+.PP
+Due to the many, low, and arbitrary limits on the win32 platform and
+the abysmal performance of winsockets, using a large number of sockets
+is not recommended (and not reasonable). If your program needs to use
+more than a hundred or so sockets, then likely it needs to use a totally
+different implementation for windows, as libev offers the \s-1POSIX\s0 readiness
+notification model, which cannot be implemented efficiently on windows
+(Microsoft monopoly games).
+.PP
+A typical way to use libev under windows is to embed it (see the embedding
+section for details) and use the following \fIevwrap.h\fR header file instead
+of \fIev.h\fR:
+.PP
+.Vb 2
+\& #define EV_STANDALONE /* keeps ev from requiring config.h */
+\& #define EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET 1 /* configure libev for windows select */
+\&
+\& #include "ev.h"
+.Ve
+.PP
+And compile the following \fIevwrap.c\fR file into your project (make sure
+you do \fInot\fR compile the \fIev.c\fR or any other embedded source files!):
+.PP
+.Vb 2
+\& #include "evwrap.h"
+\& #include "ev.c"
+.Ve
+.IP "The winsocket select function" 4
+.IX Item "The winsocket select function"
+The winsocket \f(CW\*(C`select\*(C'\fR function doesn't follow \s-1POSIX\s0 in that it
+requires socket \fIhandles\fR and not socket \fIfile descriptors\fR (it is
+also extremely buggy). This makes select very inefficient, and also
+requires a mapping from file descriptors to socket handles (the Microsoft
+C runtime provides the function \f(CW\*(C`_open_osfhandle\*(C'\fR for this). See the
+discussion of the \f(CW\*(C`EV_SELECT_USE_FD_SET\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET\*(C'\fR and
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE\*(C'\fR preprocessor symbols for more info.
+.Sp
+The configuration for a \*(L"naked\*(R" win32 using the Microsoft runtime
+libraries and raw winsocket select is:
+.Sp
+.Vb 2
+\& #define EV_USE_SELECT 1
+\& #define EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET 1 /* forces EV_SELECT_USE_FD_SET, too */
+.Ve
+.Sp
+Note that winsockets handling of fd sets is O(n), so you can easily get a
+complexity in the O(nA\*^X) range when using win32.
+.IP "Limited number of file descriptors" 4
+.IX Item "Limited number of file descriptors"
+Windows has numerous arbitrary (and low) limits on things.
+.Sp
+Early versions of winsocket's select only supported waiting for a maximum
+of \f(CW64\fR handles (probably owning to the fact that all windows kernels
+can only wait for \f(CW64\fR things at the same time internally; Microsoft
+recommends spawning a chain of threads and wait for 63 handles and the
+previous thread in each. Great).
+.Sp
+Newer versions support more handles, but you need to define \f(CW\*(C`FD_SETSIZE\*(C'\fR
+to some high number (e.g. \f(CW2048\fR) before compiling the winsocket select
+call (which might be in libev or elsewhere, for example, perl does its own
+select emulation on windows).
+.Sp
+Another limit is the number of file descriptors in the Microsoft runtime
+libraries, which by default is \f(CW64\fR (there must be a hidden \fI64\fR fetish
+or something like this inside Microsoft). You can increase this by calling
+\&\f(CW\*(C`_setmaxstdio\*(C'\fR, which can increase this limit to \f(CW2048\fR (another
+arbitrary limit), but is broken in many versions of the Microsoft runtime
+libraries.
+.Sp
+This might get you to about \f(CW512\fR or \f(CW2048\fR sockets (depending on
+windows version and/or the phase of the moon). To get more, you need to
+wrap all I/O functions and provide your own fd management, but the cost of
+calling select (O(nA\*^X)) will likely make this unworkable.
+.Sh "\s-1PORTABILITY\s0 \s-1REQUIREMENTS\s0"
+.IX Subsection "PORTABILITY REQUIREMENTS"
+In addition to a working ISO-C implementation and of course the
+backend-specific APIs, libev relies on a few additional extensions:
+.ie n .IP """void (*)(ev_watcher_type *, int revents)""\fR must have compatible calling conventions regardless of \f(CW""ev_watcher_type *""." 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWvoid (*)(ev_watcher_type *, int revents)\fR must have compatible calling conventions regardless of \f(CWev_watcher_type *\fR." 4
+.IX Item "void (*)(ev_watcher_type *, int revents) must have compatible calling conventions regardless of ev_watcher_type *."
+Libev assumes not only that all watcher pointers have the same internal
+structure (guaranteed by \s-1POSIX\s0 but not by \s-1ISO\s0 C for example), but it also
+assumes that the same (machine) code can be used to call any watcher
+callback: The watcher callbacks have different type signatures, but libev
+calls them using an \f(CW\*(C`ev_watcher *\*(C'\fR internally.
+.ie n .IP """sig_atomic_t volatile"" must be thread-atomic as well" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWsig_atomic_t volatile\fR must be thread-atomic as well" 4
+.IX Item "sig_atomic_t volatile must be thread-atomic as well"
+The type \f(CW\*(C`sig_atomic_t volatile\*(C'\fR (or whatever is defined as
+\&\f(CW\*(C`EV_ATOMIC_T\*(C'\fR) must be atomic with respect to accesses from different
+threads. This is not part of the specification for \f(CW\*(C`sig_atomic_t\*(C'\fR, but is
+believed to be sufficiently portable.
+.ie n .IP """sigprocmask"" must work in a threaded environment" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWsigprocmask\fR must work in a threaded environment" 4
+.IX Item "sigprocmask must work in a threaded environment"
+Libev uses \f(CW\*(C`sigprocmask\*(C'\fR to temporarily block signals. This is not
+allowed in a threaded program (\f(CW\*(C`pthread_sigmask\*(C'\fR has to be used). Typical
+pthread implementations will either allow \f(CW\*(C`sigprocmask\*(C'\fR in the \*(L"main
+thread\*(R" or will block signals process-wide, both behaviours would
+be compatible with libev. Interaction between \f(CW\*(C`sigprocmask\*(C'\fR and
+\&\f(CW\*(C`pthread_sigmask\*(C'\fR could complicate things, however.
+.Sp
+The most portable way to handle signals is to block signals in all threads
+except the initial one, and run the default loop in the initial thread as
+well.
+.ie n .IP """long"" must be large enough for common memory allocation sizes" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWlong\fR must be large enough for common memory allocation sizes" 4
+.IX Item "long must be large enough for common memory allocation sizes"
+To improve portability and simplify its \s-1API\s0, libev uses \f(CW\*(C`long\*(C'\fR internally
+instead of \f(CW\*(C`size_t\*(C'\fR when allocating its data structures. On non-POSIX
+systems (Microsoft...) this might be unexpectedly low, but is still at
+least 31 bits everywhere, which is enough for hundreds of millions of
+watchers.
+.ie n .IP """double"" must hold a time value in seconds with enough accuracy" 4
+.el .IP "\f(CWdouble\fR must hold a time value in seconds with enough accuracy" 4
+.IX Item "double must hold a time value in seconds with enough accuracy"
+The type \f(CW\*(C`double\*(C'\fR is used to represent timestamps. It is required to
+have at least 51 bits of mantissa (and 9 bits of exponent), which is good
+enough for at least into the year 4000. This requirement is fulfilled by
+implementations implementing \s-1IEEE\s0 754 (basically all existing ones).
+.PP
+If you know of other additional requirements drop me a note.
+.SH "ALGORITHMIC COMPLEXITIES"
+.IX Header "ALGORITHMIC COMPLEXITIES"
+In this section the complexities of (many of) the algorithms used inside
+libev will be documented. For complexity discussions about backends see
+the documentation for \f(CW\*(C`ev_default_init\*(C'\fR.
+.PP
+All of the following are about amortised time: If an array needs to be
+extended, libev needs to realloc and move the whole array, but this
+happens asymptotically rarer with higher number of elements, so O(1) might
+mean that libev does a lengthy realloc operation in rare cases, but on
+average it is much faster and asymptotically approaches constant time.
+.IP "Starting and stopping timer/periodic watchers: O(log skipped_other_timers)" 4
+.IX Item "Starting and stopping timer/periodic watchers: O(log skipped_other_timers)"
+This means that, when you have a watcher that triggers in one hour and
+there are 100 watchers that would trigger before that, then inserting will
+have to skip roughly seven (\f(CW\*(C`ld 100\*(C'\fR) of these watchers.
+.IP "Changing timer/periodic watchers (by autorepeat or calling again): O(log skipped_other_timers)" 4
+.IX Item "Changing timer/periodic watchers (by autorepeat or calling again): O(log skipped_other_timers)"
+That means that changing a timer costs less than removing/adding them,
+as only the relative motion in the event queue has to be paid for.
+.IP "Starting io/check/prepare/idle/signal/child/fork/async watchers: O(1)" 4
+.IX Item "Starting io/check/prepare/idle/signal/child/fork/async watchers: O(1)"
+These just add the watcher into an array or at the head of a list.
+.IP "Stopping check/prepare/idle/fork/async watchers: O(1)" 4
+.IX Item "Stopping check/prepare/idle/fork/async watchers: O(1)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "Stopping an io/signal/child watcher: O(number_of_watchers_for_this_(fd/signal/pid % \s-1EV_PID_HASHSIZE\s0))" 4
+.IX Item "Stopping an io/signal/child watcher: O(number_of_watchers_for_this_(fd/signal/pid % EV_PID_HASHSIZE))"
+.PD
+These watchers are stored in lists, so they need to be walked to find the
+correct watcher to remove. The lists are usually short (you don't usually
+have many watchers waiting for the same fd or signal: one is typical, two
+is rare).
+.IP "Finding the next timer in each loop iteration: O(1)" 4
+.IX Item "Finding the next timer in each loop iteration: O(1)"
+By virtue of using a binary or 4\-heap, the next timer is always found at a
+fixed position in the storage array.
+.IP "Each change on a file descriptor per loop iteration: O(number_of_watchers_for_this_fd)" 4
+.IX Item "Each change on a file descriptor per loop iteration: O(number_of_watchers_for_this_fd)"
+A change means an I/O watcher gets started or stopped, which requires
+libev to recalculate its status (and possibly tell the kernel, depending
+on backend and whether \f(CW\*(C`ev_io_set\*(C'\fR was used).
+.IP "Activating one watcher (putting it into the pending state): O(1)" 4
+.IX Item "Activating one watcher (putting it into the pending state): O(1)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "Priority handling: O(number_of_priorities)" 4
+.IX Item "Priority handling: O(number_of_priorities)"
+.PD
+Priorities are implemented by allocating some space for each
+priority. When doing priority-based operations, libev usually has to
+linearly search all the priorities, but starting/stopping and activating
+watchers becomes O(1) with respect to priority handling.
+.IP "Sending an ev_async: O(1)" 4
+.IX Item "Sending an ev_async: O(1)"
+.PD 0
+.IP "Processing ev_async_send: O(number_of_async_watchers)" 4
+.IX Item "Processing ev_async_send: O(number_of_async_watchers)"
+.IP "Processing signals: O(max_signal_number)" 4
+.IX Item "Processing signals: O(max_signal_number)"
+.PD
+Sending involves a system call \fIiff\fR there were no other \f(CW\*(C`ev_async_send\*(C'\fR
+calls in the current loop iteration. Checking for async and signal events
+involves iterating over all running async watchers or all signal numbers.
+.SH "AUTHOR"
+.IX Header "AUTHOR"
+Marc Lehmann <libev@schmorp.de>, with repeated corrections by Mikael Magnusson.
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * libev event processing core, watcher management
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007,2008,2009 Marc Alexander Lehmann <libev@schmorp.de>
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modifica-
+ * tion, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
+ * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MER-
+ * CHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
+ * EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPE-
+ * CIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+ * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
+ * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
+ * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTH-
+ * ERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
+ * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of
+ * the GNU General Public License ("GPL") version 2 or any later version,
+ * in which case the provisions of the GPL are applicable instead of
+ * the above. If you wish to allow the use of your version of this file
+ * only under the terms of the GPL and not to allow others to use your
+ * version of this file under the BSD license, indicate your decision
+ * by deleting the provisions above and replace them with the notice
+ * and other provisions required by the GPL. If you do not delete the
+ * provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this file under
+ * either the BSD or the GPL.
+ */
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+/* this big block deduces configuration from config.h */
+#ifndef EV_STANDALONE
+# ifdef EV_CONFIG_H
+# include EV_CONFIG_H
+# else
+# include "config.h"
+# endif
+
+# if HAVE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
+# ifndef EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
+# define EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL 1
+# ifndef EV_USE_REALTIME
+# define EV_USE_REALTIME 0
+# endif
+# ifndef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+# define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 1
+# endif
+# endif
+# endif
+
+# if HAVE_CLOCK_GETTIME
+# ifndef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+# define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 1
+# endif
+# ifndef EV_USE_REALTIME
+# define EV_USE_REALTIME 0
+# endif
+# else
+# ifndef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+# define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 0
+# endif
+# ifndef EV_USE_REALTIME
+# define EV_USE_REALTIME 0
+# endif
+# endif
+
+# ifndef EV_USE_NANOSLEEP
+# if HAVE_NANOSLEEP
+# define EV_USE_NANOSLEEP 1
+# else
+# define EV_USE_NANOSLEEP 0
+# endif
+# endif
+
+# ifndef EV_USE_SELECT
+# if HAVE_SELECT && HAVE_SYS_SELECT_H
+# define EV_USE_SELECT 1
+# else
+# define EV_USE_SELECT 0
+# endif
+# endif
+
+# ifndef EV_USE_POLL
+# if HAVE_POLL && HAVE_POLL_H
+# define EV_USE_POLL 1
+# else
+# define EV_USE_POLL 0
+# endif
+# endif
+
+# ifndef EV_USE_EPOLL
+# if HAVE_EPOLL_CTL && HAVE_SYS_EPOLL_H
+# define EV_USE_EPOLL 1
+# else
+# define EV_USE_EPOLL 0
+# endif
+# endif
+
+# ifndef EV_USE_KQUEUE
+# if HAVE_KQUEUE && HAVE_SYS_EVENT_H && HAVE_SYS_QUEUE_H
+# define EV_USE_KQUEUE 1
+# else
+# define EV_USE_KQUEUE 0
+# endif
+# endif
+
+# ifndef EV_USE_PORT
+# if HAVE_PORT_H && HAVE_PORT_CREATE
+# define EV_USE_PORT 1
+# else
+# define EV_USE_PORT 0
+# endif
+# endif
+
+# ifndef EV_USE_INOTIFY
+# if HAVE_INOTIFY_INIT && HAVE_SYS_INOTIFY_H
+# define EV_USE_INOTIFY 1
+# else
+# define EV_USE_INOTIFY 0
+# endif
+# endif
+
+# ifndef EV_USE_EVENTFD
+# if HAVE_EVENTFD
+# define EV_USE_EVENTFD 1
+# else
+# define EV_USE_EVENTFD 0
+# endif
+# endif
+
+#endif
+
+#include <math.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <time.h>
+
+#include <signal.h>
+
+#ifdef EV_H
+# include EV_H
+#else
+# include "ev.h"
+#endif
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+# include <sys/time.h>
+# include <sys/wait.h>
+# include <unistd.h>
+#else
+# include <io.h>
+# define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+# include <windows.h>
+# ifndef EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET
+# define EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET 1
+# endif
+#endif
+
+/* this block tries to deduce configuration from header-defined symbols and defaults */
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
+# if __linux && __GLIBC__ >= 2
+# define EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL 1
+# else
+# define EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL 0
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+# if defined (_POSIX_MONOTONIC_CLOCK) && _POSIX_MONOTONIC_CLOCK >= 0
+# define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 1
+# else
+# define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 0
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_REALTIME
+# define EV_USE_REALTIME !EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_NANOSLEEP
+# if _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 199309L
+# define EV_USE_NANOSLEEP 1
+# else
+# define EV_USE_NANOSLEEP 0
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_SELECT
+# define EV_USE_SELECT 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_POLL
+# ifdef _WIN32
+# define EV_USE_POLL 0
+# else
+# define EV_USE_POLL 1
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_EPOLL
+# if __linux && (__GLIBC__ > 2 || (__GLIBC__ == 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__ >= 4))
+# define EV_USE_EPOLL 1
+# else
+# define EV_USE_EPOLL 0
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_KQUEUE
+# define EV_USE_KQUEUE 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_PORT
+# define EV_USE_PORT 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_INOTIFY
+# if __linux && (__GLIBC__ > 2 || (__GLIBC__ == 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__ >= 4))
+# define EV_USE_INOTIFY 1
+# else
+# define EV_USE_INOTIFY 0
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_PID_HASHSIZE
+# if EV_MINIMAL
+# define EV_PID_HASHSIZE 1
+# else
+# define EV_PID_HASHSIZE 16
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE
+# if EV_MINIMAL
+# define EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE 1
+# else
+# define EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE 16
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_EVENTFD
+# if __linux && (__GLIBC__ > 2 || (__GLIBC__ == 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__ >= 7))
+# define EV_USE_EVENTFD 1
+# else
+# define EV_USE_EVENTFD 0
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if 0 /* debugging */
+# define EV_VERIFY 3
+# define EV_USE_4HEAP 1
+# define EV_HEAP_CACHE_AT 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_VERIFY
+# define EV_VERIFY !EV_MINIMAL
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_USE_4HEAP
+# define EV_USE_4HEAP !EV_MINIMAL
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_HEAP_CACHE_AT
+# define EV_HEAP_CACHE_AT !EV_MINIMAL
+#endif
+
+/* this block fixes any misconfiguration where we know we run into trouble otherwise */
+
+#ifndef CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+# undef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+# define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CLOCK_REALTIME
+# undef EV_USE_REALTIME
+# define EV_USE_REALTIME 0
+#endif
+
+#if !EV_STAT_ENABLE
+# undef EV_USE_INOTIFY
+# define EV_USE_INOTIFY 0
+#endif
+
+#if !EV_USE_NANOSLEEP
+# ifndef _WIN32
+# include <sys/select.h>
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+# include <sys/utsname.h>
+# include <sys/statfs.h>
+# include <sys/inotify.h>
+/* some very old inotify.h headers don't have IN_DONT_FOLLOW */
+# ifndef IN_DONT_FOLLOW
+# undef EV_USE_INOTIFY
+# define EV_USE_INOTIFY 0
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET
+# include <winsock.h>
+#endif
+
+/* on linux, we can use a (slow) syscall to avoid a dependency on pthread, */
+/* which makes programs even slower. might work on other unices, too. */
+#if EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
+# include <syscall.h>
+# define clock_gettime(id, ts) syscall (SYS_clock_gettime, (id), (ts))
+# undef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+# define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 1
+#endif
+
+#if EV_USE_EVENTFD
+/* our minimum requirement is glibc 2.7 which has the stub, but not the header */
+# include <stdint.h>
+# ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+# endif
+int eventfd (unsigned int initval, int flags);
+# ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+# endif
+#endif
+
+/**/
+
+#if EV_VERIFY >= 3
+# define EV_FREQUENT_CHECK ev_loop_verify (EV_A)
+#else
+# define EV_FREQUENT_CHECK do { } while (0)
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * This is used to avoid floating point rounding problems.
+ * It is added to ev_rt_now when scheduling periodics
+ * to ensure progress, time-wise, even when rounding
+ * errors are against us.
+ * This value is good at least till the year 4000.
+ * Better solutions welcome.
+ */
+#define TIME_EPSILON 0.0001220703125 /* 1/8192 */
+
+#define MIN_TIMEJUMP 1. /* minimum timejump that gets detected (if monotonic clock available) */
+#define MAX_BLOCKTIME 59.743 /* never wait longer than this time (to detect time jumps) */
+/*#define CLEANUP_INTERVAL (MAX_BLOCKTIME * 5.) /* how often to try to free memory and re-check fds, TODO */
+
+#if __GNUC__ >= 4
+# define expect(expr,value) __builtin_expect ((expr),(value))
+# define noinline __attribute__ ((noinline))
+#else
+# define expect(expr,value) (expr)
+# define noinline
+# if __STDC_VERSION__ < 199901L && __GNUC__ < 2
+# define inline
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#define expect_false(expr) expect ((expr) != 0, 0)
+#define expect_true(expr) expect ((expr) != 0, 1)
+#define inline_size static inline
+
+#if EV_MINIMAL
+# define inline_speed static noinline
+#else
+# define inline_speed static inline
+#endif
+
+#define NUMPRI (EV_MAXPRI - EV_MINPRI + 1)
+#define ABSPRI(w) (((W)w)->priority - EV_MINPRI)
+
+#define EMPTY /* required for microsofts broken pseudo-c compiler */
+#define EMPTY2(a,b) /* used to suppress some warnings */
+
+typedef ev_watcher *W;
+typedef ev_watcher_list *WL;
+typedef ev_watcher_time *WT;
+
+#define ev_active(w) ((W)(w))->active
+#define ev_at(w) ((WT)(w))->at
+
+#if EV_USE_REALTIME
+/* sig_atomic_t is used to avoid per-thread variables or locking but still */
+/* giving it a reasonably high chance of working on typical architetcures */
+static EV_ATOMIC_T have_realtime; /* did clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME) work? */
+#endif
+
+#if EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+static EV_ATOMIC_T have_monotonic; /* did clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC) work? */
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+# include "ev_win32.c"
+#endif
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+static void (*syserr_cb)(const char *msg);
+
+void
+ev_set_syserr_cb (void (*cb)(const char *msg))
+{
+ syserr_cb = cb;
+}
+
+static void noinline
+ev_syserr (const char *msg)
+{
+ if (!msg)
+ msg = "(libev) system error";
+
+ if (syserr_cb)
+ syserr_cb (msg);
+ else
+ {
+ perror (msg);
+ abort ();
+ }
+}
+
+static void *
+ev_realloc_emul (void *ptr, long size)
+{
+ /* some systems, notably openbsd and darwin, fail to properly
+ * implement realloc (x, 0) (as required by both ansi c-98 and
+ * the single unix specification, so work around them here.
+ */
+
+ if (size)
+ return realloc (ptr, size);
+
+ free (ptr);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void *(*alloc)(void *ptr, long size) = ev_realloc_emul;
+
+void
+ev_set_allocator (void *(*cb)(void *ptr, long size))
+{
+ alloc = cb;
+}
+
+inline_speed void *
+ev_realloc (void *ptr, long size)
+{
+ ptr = alloc (ptr, size);
+
+ if (!ptr && size)
+ {
+ fprintf (stderr, "libev: cannot allocate %ld bytes, aborting.", size);
+ abort ();
+ }
+
+ return ptr;
+}
+
+#define ev_malloc(size) ev_realloc (0, (size))
+#define ev_free(ptr) ev_realloc ((ptr), 0)
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+typedef struct
+{
+ WL head;
+ unsigned char events;
+ unsigned char reify;
+ unsigned char emask; /* the epoll backend stores the actual kernel mask in here */
+ unsigned char unused;
+#if EV_USE_EPOLL
+ unsigned int egen; /* generation counter to counter epoll bugs */
+#endif
+#if EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET
+ SOCKET handle;
+#endif
+} ANFD;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+ W w;
+ int events;
+} ANPENDING;
+
+#if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+/* hash table entry per inotify-id */
+typedef struct
+{
+ WL head;
+} ANFS;
+#endif
+
+/* Heap Entry */
+#if EV_HEAP_CACHE_AT
+ typedef struct {
+ ev_tstamp at;
+ WT w;
+ } ANHE;
+
+ #define ANHE_w(he) (he).w /* access watcher, read-write */
+ #define ANHE_at(he) (he).at /* access cached at, read-only */
+ #define ANHE_at_cache(he) (he).at = (he).w->at /* update at from watcher */
+#else
+ typedef WT ANHE;
+
+ #define ANHE_w(he) (he)
+ #define ANHE_at(he) (he)->at
+ #define ANHE_at_cache(he)
+#endif
+
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+
+ struct ev_loop
+ {
+ ev_tstamp ev_rt_now;
+ #define ev_rt_now ((loop)->ev_rt_now)
+ #define VAR(name,decl) decl;
+ #include "ev_vars.h"
+ #undef VAR
+ };
+ #include "ev_wrap.h"
+
+ static struct ev_loop default_loop_struct;
+ struct ev_loop *ev_default_loop_ptr;
+
+#else
+
+ ev_tstamp ev_rt_now;
+ #define VAR(name,decl) static decl;
+ #include "ev_vars.h"
+ #undef VAR
+
+ static int ev_default_loop_ptr;
+
+#endif
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+ev_tstamp
+ev_time (void)
+{
+#if EV_USE_REALTIME
+ if (expect_true (have_realtime))
+ {
+ struct timespec ts;
+ clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &ts);
+ return ts.tv_sec + ts.tv_nsec * 1e-9;
+ }
+#endif
+
+ struct timeval tv;
+ gettimeofday (&tv, 0);
+ return tv.tv_sec + tv.tv_usec * 1e-6;
+}
+
+ev_tstamp inline_size
+get_clock (void)
+{
+#if EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+ if (expect_true (have_monotonic))
+ {
+ struct timespec ts;
+ clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts);
+ return ts.tv_sec + ts.tv_nsec * 1e-9;
+ }
+#endif
+
+ return ev_time ();
+}
+
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+ev_tstamp
+ev_now (EV_P)
+{
+ return ev_rt_now;
+}
+#endif
+
+void
+ev_sleep (ev_tstamp delay)
+{
+ if (delay > 0.)
+ {
+#if EV_USE_NANOSLEEP
+ struct timespec ts;
+
+ ts.tv_sec = (time_t)delay;
+ ts.tv_nsec = (long)((delay - (ev_tstamp)(ts.tv_sec)) * 1e9);
+
+ nanosleep (&ts, 0);
+#elif defined(_WIN32)
+ Sleep ((unsigned long)(delay * 1e3));
+#else
+ struct timeval tv;
+
+ tv.tv_sec = (time_t)delay;
+ tv.tv_usec = (long)((delay - (ev_tstamp)(tv.tv_sec)) * 1e6);
+
+ /* here we rely on sys/time.h + sys/types.h + unistd.h providing select */
+ /* somehting nto guaranteed by newer posix versions, but guaranteed */
+ /* by older ones */
+ select (0, 0, 0, 0, &tv);
+#endif
+ }
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+#define MALLOC_ROUND 4096 /* prefer to allocate in chunks of this size, must be 2**n and >> 4 longs */
+
+int inline_size
+array_nextsize (int elem, int cur, int cnt)
+{
+ int ncur = cur + 1;
+
+ do
+ ncur <<= 1;
+ while (cnt > ncur);
+
+ /* if size is large, round to MALLOC_ROUND - 4 * longs to accomodate malloc overhead */
+ if (elem * ncur > MALLOC_ROUND - sizeof (void *) * 4)
+ {
+ ncur *= elem;
+ ncur = (ncur + elem + (MALLOC_ROUND - 1) + sizeof (void *) * 4) & ~(MALLOC_ROUND - 1);
+ ncur = ncur - sizeof (void *) * 4;
+ ncur /= elem;
+ }
+
+ return ncur;
+}
+
+static noinline void *
+array_realloc (int elem, void *base, int *cur, int cnt)
+{
+ *cur = array_nextsize (elem, *cur, cnt);
+ return ev_realloc (base, elem * *cur);
+}
+
+#define array_init_zero(base,count) \
+ memset ((void *)(base), 0, sizeof (*(base)) * (count))
+
+#define array_needsize(type,base,cur,cnt,init) \
+ if (expect_false ((cnt) > (cur))) \
+ { \
+ int ocur_ = (cur); \
+ (base) = (type *)array_realloc \
+ (sizeof (type), (base), &(cur), (cnt)); \
+ init ((base) + (ocur_), (cur) - ocur_); \
+ }
+
+#if 0
+#define array_slim(type,stem) \
+ if (stem ## max < array_roundsize (stem ## cnt >> 2)) \
+ { \
+ stem ## max = array_roundsize (stem ## cnt >> 1); \
+ base = (type *)ev_realloc (base, sizeof (type) * (stem ## max));\
+ fprintf (stderr, "slimmed down " # stem " to %d\n", stem ## max);/*D*/\
+ }
+#endif
+
+#define array_free(stem, idx) \
+ ev_free (stem ## s idx); stem ## cnt idx = stem ## max idx = 0;
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+void noinline
+ev_feed_event (EV_P_ void *w, int revents)
+{
+ W w_ = (W)w;
+ int pri = ABSPRI (w_);
+
+ if (expect_false (w_->pending))
+ pendings [pri][w_->pending - 1].events |= revents;
+ else
+ {
+ w_->pending = ++pendingcnt [pri];
+ array_needsize (ANPENDING, pendings [pri], pendingmax [pri], w_->pending, EMPTY2);
+ pendings [pri][w_->pending - 1].w = w_;
+ pendings [pri][w_->pending - 1].events = revents;
+ }
+}
+
+void inline_speed
+queue_events (EV_P_ W *events, int eventcnt, int type)
+{
+ int i;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < eventcnt; ++i)
+ ev_feed_event (EV_A_ events [i], type);
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+void inline_speed
+fd_event (EV_P_ int fd, int revents)
+{
+ ANFD *anfd = anfds + fd;
+ ev_io *w;
+
+ for (w = (ev_io *)anfd->head; w; w = (ev_io *)((WL)w)->next)
+ {
+ int ev = w->events & revents;
+
+ if (ev)
+ ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)w, ev);
+ }
+}
+
+void
+ev_feed_fd_event (EV_P_ int fd, int revents)
+{
+ if (fd >= 0 && fd < anfdmax)
+ fd_event (EV_A_ fd, revents);
+}
+
+void inline_size
+fd_reify (EV_P)
+{
+ int i;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < fdchangecnt; ++i)
+ {
+ int fd = fdchanges [i];
+ ANFD *anfd = anfds + fd;
+ ev_io *w;
+
+ unsigned char events = 0;
+
+ for (w = (ev_io *)anfd->head; w; w = (ev_io *)((WL)w)->next)
+ events |= (unsigned char)w->events;
+
+#if EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET
+ if (events)
+ {
+ unsigned long arg;
+ #ifdef EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE
+ anfd->handle = EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE (fd);
+ #else
+ anfd->handle = _get_osfhandle (fd);
+ #endif
+ assert (("libev: only socket fds supported in this configuration", ioctlsocket (anfd->handle, FIONREAD, &arg) == 0));
+ }
+#endif
+
+ {
+ unsigned char o_events = anfd->events;
+ unsigned char o_reify = anfd->reify;
+
+ anfd->reify = 0;
+ anfd->events = events;
+
+ if (o_events != events || o_reify & EV_IOFDSET)
+ backend_modify (EV_A_ fd, o_events, events);
+ }
+ }
+
+ fdchangecnt = 0;
+}
+
+void inline_size
+fd_change (EV_P_ int fd, int flags)
+{
+ unsigned char reify = anfds [fd].reify;
+ anfds [fd].reify |= flags;
+
+ if (expect_true (!reify))
+ {
+ ++fdchangecnt;
+ array_needsize (int, fdchanges, fdchangemax, fdchangecnt, EMPTY2);
+ fdchanges [fdchangecnt - 1] = fd;
+ }
+}
+
+void inline_speed
+fd_kill (EV_P_ int fd)
+{
+ ev_io *w;
+
+ while ((w = (ev_io *)anfds [fd].head))
+ {
+ ev_io_stop (EV_A_ w);
+ ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)w, EV_ERROR | EV_READ | EV_WRITE);
+ }
+}
+
+int inline_size
+fd_valid (int fd)
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ return _get_osfhandle (fd) != -1;
+#else
+ return fcntl (fd, F_GETFD) != -1;
+#endif
+}
+
+/* called on EBADF to verify fds */
+static void noinline
+fd_ebadf (EV_P)
+{
+ int fd;
+
+ for (fd = 0; fd < anfdmax; ++fd)
+ if (anfds [fd].events)
+ if (!fd_valid (fd) && errno == EBADF)
+ fd_kill (EV_A_ fd);
+}
+
+/* called on ENOMEM in select/poll to kill some fds and retry */
+static void noinline
+fd_enomem (EV_P)
+{
+ int fd;
+
+ for (fd = anfdmax; fd--; )
+ if (anfds [fd].events)
+ {
+ fd_kill (EV_A_ fd);
+ return;
+ }
+}
+
+/* usually called after fork if backend needs to re-arm all fds from scratch */
+static void noinline
+fd_rearm_all (EV_P)
+{
+ int fd;
+
+ for (fd = 0; fd < anfdmax; ++fd)
+ if (anfds [fd].events)
+ {
+ anfds [fd].events = 0;
+ anfds [fd].emask = 0;
+ fd_change (EV_A_ fd, EV_IOFDSET | 1);
+ }
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+/*
+ * the heap functions want a real array index. array index 0 uis guaranteed to not
+ * be in-use at any time. the first heap entry is at array [HEAP0]. DHEAP gives
+ * the branching factor of the d-tree.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * at the moment we allow libev the luxury of two heaps,
+ * a small-code-size 2-heap one and a ~1.5kb larger 4-heap
+ * which is more cache-efficient.
+ * the difference is about 5% with 50000+ watchers.
+ */
+#if EV_USE_4HEAP
+
+#define DHEAP 4
+#define HEAP0 (DHEAP - 1) /* index of first element in heap */
+#define HPARENT(k) ((((k) - HEAP0 - 1) / DHEAP) + HEAP0)
+#define UPHEAP_DONE(p,k) ((p) == (k))
+
+/* away from the root */
+void inline_speed
+downheap (ANHE *heap, int N, int k)
+{
+ ANHE he = heap [k];
+ ANHE *E = heap + N + HEAP0;
+
+ for (;;)
+ {
+ ev_tstamp minat;
+ ANHE *minpos;
+ ANHE *pos = heap + DHEAP * (k - HEAP0) + HEAP0 + 1;
+
+ /* find minimum child */
+ if (expect_true (pos + DHEAP - 1 < E))
+ {
+ /* fast path */ (minpos = pos + 0), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
+ if ( ANHE_at (pos [1]) < minat) (minpos = pos + 1), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
+ if ( ANHE_at (pos [2]) < minat) (minpos = pos + 2), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
+ if ( ANHE_at (pos [3]) < minat) (minpos = pos + 3), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
+ }
+ else if (pos < E)
+ {
+ /* slow path */ (minpos = pos + 0), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
+ if (pos + 1 < E && ANHE_at (pos [1]) < minat) (minpos = pos + 1), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
+ if (pos + 2 < E && ANHE_at (pos [2]) < minat) (minpos = pos + 2), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
+ if (pos + 3 < E && ANHE_at (pos [3]) < minat) (minpos = pos + 3), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
+ }
+ else
+ break;
+
+ if (ANHE_at (he) <= minat)
+ break;
+
+ heap [k] = *minpos;
+ ev_active (ANHE_w (*minpos)) = k;
+
+ k = minpos - heap;
+ }
+
+ heap [k] = he;
+ ev_active (ANHE_w (he)) = k;
+}
+
+#else /* 4HEAP */
+
+#define HEAP0 1
+#define HPARENT(k) ((k) >> 1)
+#define UPHEAP_DONE(p,k) (!(p))
+
+/* away from the root */
+void inline_speed
+downheap (ANHE *heap, int N, int k)
+{
+ ANHE he = heap [k];
+
+ for (;;)
+ {
+ int c = k << 1;
+
+ if (c > N + HEAP0 - 1)
+ break;
+
+ c += c + 1 < N + HEAP0 && ANHE_at (heap [c]) > ANHE_at (heap [c + 1])
+ ? 1 : 0;
+
+ if (ANHE_at (he) <= ANHE_at (heap [c]))
+ break;
+
+ heap [k] = heap [c];
+ ev_active (ANHE_w (heap [k])) = k;
+
+ k = c;
+ }
+
+ heap [k] = he;
+ ev_active (ANHE_w (he)) = k;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* towards the root */
+void inline_speed
+upheap (ANHE *heap, int k)
+{
+ ANHE he = heap [k];
+
+ for (;;)
+ {
+ int p = HPARENT (k);
+
+ if (UPHEAP_DONE (p, k) || ANHE_at (heap [p]) <= ANHE_at (he))
+ break;
+
+ heap [k] = heap [p];
+ ev_active (ANHE_w (heap [k])) = k;
+ k = p;
+ }
+
+ heap [k] = he;
+ ev_active (ANHE_w (he)) = k;
+}
+
+void inline_size
+adjustheap (ANHE *heap, int N, int k)
+{
+ if (k > HEAP0 && ANHE_at (heap [HPARENT (k)]) >= ANHE_at (heap [k]))
+ upheap (heap, k);
+ else
+ downheap (heap, N, k);
+}
+
+/* rebuild the heap: this function is used only once and executed rarely */
+void inline_size
+reheap (ANHE *heap, int N)
+{
+ int i;
+
+ /* we don't use floyds algorithm, upheap is simpler and is more cache-efficient */
+ /* also, this is easy to implement and correct for both 2-heaps and 4-heaps */
+ for (i = 0; i < N; ++i)
+ upheap (heap, i + HEAP0);
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+typedef struct
+{
+ WL head;
+ EV_ATOMIC_T gotsig;
+} ANSIG;
+
+static ANSIG *signals;
+static int signalmax;
+
+static EV_ATOMIC_T gotsig;
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+void inline_speed
+fd_intern (int fd)
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ unsigned long arg = 1;
+ ioctlsocket (_get_osfhandle (fd), FIONBIO, &arg);
+#else
+ fcntl (fd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
+ fcntl (fd, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK);
+#endif
+}
+
+static void noinline
+evpipe_init (EV_P)
+{
+ if (!ev_is_active (&pipeev))
+ {
+#if EV_USE_EVENTFD
+ if ((evfd = eventfd (0, 0)) >= 0)
+ {
+ evpipe [0] = -1;
+ fd_intern (evfd);
+ ev_io_set (&pipeev, evfd, EV_READ);
+ }
+ else
+#endif
+ {
+ while (pipe (evpipe))
+ ev_syserr ("(libev) error creating signal/async pipe");
+
+ fd_intern (evpipe [0]);
+ fd_intern (evpipe [1]);
+ ev_io_set (&pipeev, evpipe [0], EV_READ);
+ }
+
+ ev_io_start (EV_A_ &pipeev);
+ ev_unref (EV_A); /* watcher should not keep loop alive */
+ }
+}
+
+void inline_size
+evpipe_write (EV_P_ EV_ATOMIC_T *flag)
+{
+ if (!*flag)
+ {
+ int old_errno = errno; /* save errno because write might clobber it */
+
+ *flag = 1;
+
+#if EV_USE_EVENTFD
+ if (evfd >= 0)
+ {
+ uint64_t counter = 1;
+ write (evfd, &counter, sizeof (uint64_t));
+ }
+ else
+#endif
+ write (evpipe [1], &old_errno, 1);
+
+ errno = old_errno;
+ }
+}
+
+static void
+pipecb (EV_P_ ev_io *iow, int revents)
+{
+#if EV_USE_EVENTFD
+ if (evfd >= 0)
+ {
+ uint64_t counter;
+ read (evfd, &counter, sizeof (uint64_t));
+ }
+ else
+#endif
+ {
+ char dummy;
+ read (evpipe [0], &dummy, 1);
+ }
+
+ if (gotsig && ev_is_default_loop (EV_A))
+ {
+ int signum;
+ gotsig = 0;
+
+ for (signum = signalmax; signum--; )
+ if (signals [signum].gotsig)
+ ev_feed_signal_event (EV_A_ signum + 1);
+ }
+
+#if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
+ if (gotasync)
+ {
+ int i;
+ gotasync = 0;
+
+ for (i = asynccnt; i--; )
+ if (asyncs [i]->sent)
+ {
+ asyncs [i]->sent = 0;
+ ev_feed_event (EV_A_ asyncs [i], EV_ASYNC);
+ }
+ }
+#endif
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+static void
+ev_sighandler (int signum)
+{
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+ struct ev_loop *loop = &default_loop_struct;
+#endif
+
+#if _WIN32
+ signal (signum, ev_sighandler);
+#endif
+
+ signals [signum - 1].gotsig = 1;
+ evpipe_write (EV_A_ &gotsig);
+}
+
+void noinline
+ev_feed_signal_event (EV_P_ int signum)
+{
+ WL w;
+
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+ assert (("libev: feeding signal events is only supported in the default loop", loop == ev_default_loop_ptr));
+#endif
+
+ --signum;
+
+ if (signum < 0 || signum >= signalmax)
+ return;
+
+ signals [signum].gotsig = 0;
+
+ for (w = signals [signum].head; w; w = w->next)
+ ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)w, EV_SIGNAL);
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+static WL childs [EV_PID_HASHSIZE];
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+
+static ev_signal childev;
+
+#ifndef WIFCONTINUED
+# define WIFCONTINUED(status) 0
+#endif
+
+void inline_speed
+child_reap (EV_P_ int chain, int pid, int status)
+{
+ ev_child *w;
+ int traced = WIFSTOPPED (status) || WIFCONTINUED (status);
+
+ for (w = (ev_child *)childs [chain & (EV_PID_HASHSIZE - 1)]; w; w = (ev_child *)((WL)w)->next)
+ {
+ if ((w->pid == pid || !w->pid)
+ && (!traced || (w->flags & 1)))
+ {
+ ev_set_priority (w, EV_MAXPRI); /* need to do it *now*, this *must* be the same prio as the signal watcher itself */
+ w->rpid = pid;
+ w->rstatus = status;
+ ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)w, EV_CHILD);
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+#ifndef WCONTINUED
+# define WCONTINUED 0
+#endif
+
+static void
+childcb (EV_P_ ev_signal *sw, int revents)
+{
+ int pid, status;
+
+ /* some systems define WCONTINUED but then fail to support it (linux 2.4) */
+ if (0 >= (pid = waitpid (-1, &status, WNOHANG | WUNTRACED | WCONTINUED)))
+ if (!WCONTINUED
+ || errno != EINVAL
+ || 0 >= (pid = waitpid (-1, &status, WNOHANG | WUNTRACED)))
+ return;
+
+ /* make sure we are called again until all children have been reaped */
+ /* we need to do it this way so that the callback gets called before we continue */
+ ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)sw, EV_SIGNAL);
+
+ child_reap (EV_A_ pid, pid, status);
+ if (EV_PID_HASHSIZE > 1)
+ child_reap (EV_A_ 0, pid, status); /* this might trigger a watcher twice, but feed_event catches that */
+}
+
+#endif
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+#if EV_USE_PORT
+# include "ev_port.c"
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_KQUEUE
+# include "ev_kqueue.c"
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_EPOLL
+# include "ev_epoll.c"
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_POLL
+# include "ev_poll.c"
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_SELECT
+# include "ev_select.c"
+#endif
+
+int
+ev_version_major (void)
+{
+ return EV_VERSION_MAJOR;
+}
+
+int
+ev_version_minor (void)
+{
+ return EV_VERSION_MINOR;
+}
+
+/* return true if we are running with elevated privileges and should ignore env variables */
+int inline_size
+enable_secure (void)
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ return 0;
+#else
+ return getuid () != geteuid ()
+ || getgid () != getegid ();
+#endif
+}
+
+unsigned int
+ev_supported_backends (void)
+{
+ unsigned int flags = 0;
+
+ if (EV_USE_PORT ) flags |= EVBACKEND_PORT;
+ if (EV_USE_KQUEUE) flags |= EVBACKEND_KQUEUE;
+ if (EV_USE_EPOLL ) flags |= EVBACKEND_EPOLL;
+ if (EV_USE_POLL ) flags |= EVBACKEND_POLL;
+ if (EV_USE_SELECT) flags |= EVBACKEND_SELECT;
+
+ return flags;
+}
+
+unsigned int
+ev_recommended_backends (void)
+{
+ unsigned int flags = ev_supported_backends ();
+
+#ifndef __NetBSD__
+ /* kqueue is borked on everything but netbsd apparently */
+ /* it usually doesn't work correctly on anything but sockets and pipes */
+ flags &= ~EVBACKEND_KQUEUE;
+#endif
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+ /* only select works correctly on that "unix-certified" platform */
+ flags &= ~EVBACKEND_KQUEUE; /* horribly broken, even for sockets */
+ flags &= ~EVBACKEND_POLL; /* poll is based on kqueue from 10.5 onwards */
+#endif
+
+ return flags;
+}
+
+unsigned int
+ev_embeddable_backends (void)
+{
+ int flags = EVBACKEND_EPOLL | EVBACKEND_KQUEUE | EVBACKEND_PORT;
+
+ /* epoll embeddability broken on all linux versions up to at least 2.6.23 */
+ /* please fix it and tell me how to detect the fix */
+ flags &= ~EVBACKEND_EPOLL;
+
+ return flags;
+}
+
+unsigned int
+ev_backend (EV_P)
+{
+ return backend;
+}
+
+unsigned int
+ev_loop_count (EV_P)
+{
+ return loop_count;
+}
+
+void
+ev_set_io_collect_interval (EV_P_ ev_tstamp interval)
+{
+ io_blocktime = interval;
+}
+
+void
+ev_set_timeout_collect_interval (EV_P_ ev_tstamp interval)
+{
+ timeout_blocktime = interval;
+}
+
+static void noinline
+loop_init (EV_P_ unsigned int flags)
+{
+ if (!backend)
+ {
+#if EV_USE_REALTIME
+ if (!have_realtime)
+ {
+ struct timespec ts;
+
+ if (!clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &ts))
+ have_realtime = 1;
+ }
+#endif
+
+#if EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+ if (!have_monotonic)
+ {
+ struct timespec ts;
+
+ if (!clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts))
+ have_monotonic = 1;
+ }
+#endif
+
+ ev_rt_now = ev_time ();
+ mn_now = get_clock ();
+ now_floor = mn_now;
+ rtmn_diff = ev_rt_now - mn_now;
+
+ io_blocktime = 0.;
+ timeout_blocktime = 0.;
+ backend = 0;
+ backend_fd = -1;
+ gotasync = 0;
+#if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+ fs_fd = -2;
+#endif
+
+ /* pid check not overridable via env */
+#ifndef _WIN32
+ if (flags & EVFLAG_FORKCHECK)
+ curpid = getpid ();
+#endif
+
+ if (!(flags & EVFLAG_NOENV)
+ && !enable_secure ()
+ && getenv ("LIBEV_FLAGS"))
+ flags = atoi (getenv ("LIBEV_FLAGS"));
+
+ if (!(flags & 0x0000ffffU))
+ flags |= ev_recommended_backends ();
+
+#if EV_USE_PORT
+ if (!backend && (flags & EVBACKEND_PORT )) backend = port_init (EV_A_ flags);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_KQUEUE
+ if (!backend && (flags & EVBACKEND_KQUEUE)) backend = kqueue_init (EV_A_ flags);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_EPOLL
+ if (!backend && (flags & EVBACKEND_EPOLL )) backend = epoll_init (EV_A_ flags);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_POLL
+ if (!backend && (flags & EVBACKEND_POLL )) backend = poll_init (EV_A_ flags);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_SELECT
+ if (!backend && (flags & EVBACKEND_SELECT)) backend = select_init (EV_A_ flags);
+#endif
+
+ ev_init (&pipeev, pipecb);
+ ev_set_priority (&pipeev, EV_MAXPRI);
+ }
+}
+
+static void noinline
+loop_destroy (EV_P)
+{
+ int i;
+
+ if (ev_is_active (&pipeev))
+ {
+ ev_ref (EV_A); /* signal watcher */
+ ev_io_stop (EV_A_ &pipeev);
+
+#if EV_USE_EVENTFD
+ if (evfd >= 0)
+ close (evfd);
+#endif
+
+ if (evpipe [0] >= 0)
+ {
+ close (evpipe [0]);
+ close (evpipe [1]);
+ }
+ }
+
+#if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+ if (fs_fd >= 0)
+ close (fs_fd);
+#endif
+
+ if (backend_fd >= 0)
+ close (backend_fd);
+
+#if EV_USE_PORT
+ if (backend == EVBACKEND_PORT ) port_destroy (EV_A);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_KQUEUE
+ if (backend == EVBACKEND_KQUEUE) kqueue_destroy (EV_A);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_EPOLL
+ if (backend == EVBACKEND_EPOLL ) epoll_destroy (EV_A);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_POLL
+ if (backend == EVBACKEND_POLL ) poll_destroy (EV_A);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_SELECT
+ if (backend == EVBACKEND_SELECT) select_destroy (EV_A);
+#endif
+
+ for (i = NUMPRI; i--; )
+ {
+ array_free (pending, [i]);
+#if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
+ array_free (idle, [i]);
+#endif
+ }
+
+ ev_free (anfds); anfdmax = 0;
+
+ /* have to use the microsoft-never-gets-it-right macro */
+ array_free (fdchange, EMPTY);
+ array_free (timer, EMPTY);
+#if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+ array_free (periodic, EMPTY);
+#endif
+#if EV_FORK_ENABLE
+ array_free (fork, EMPTY);
+#endif
+ array_free (prepare, EMPTY);
+ array_free (check, EMPTY);
+#if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
+ array_free (async, EMPTY);
+#endif
+
+ backend = 0;
+}
+
+#if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+void inline_size infy_fork (EV_P);
+#endif
+
+void inline_size
+loop_fork (EV_P)
+{
+#if EV_USE_PORT
+ if (backend == EVBACKEND_PORT ) port_fork (EV_A);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_KQUEUE
+ if (backend == EVBACKEND_KQUEUE) kqueue_fork (EV_A);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_EPOLL
+ if (backend == EVBACKEND_EPOLL ) epoll_fork (EV_A);
+#endif
+#if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+ infy_fork (EV_A);
+#endif
+
+ if (ev_is_active (&pipeev))
+ {
+ /* this "locks" the handlers against writing to the pipe */
+ /* while we modify the fd vars */
+ gotsig = 1;
+#if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
+ gotasync = 1;
+#endif
+
+ ev_ref (EV_A);
+ ev_io_stop (EV_A_ &pipeev);
+
+#if EV_USE_EVENTFD
+ if (evfd >= 0)
+ close (evfd);
+#endif
+
+ if (evpipe [0] >= 0)
+ {
+ close (evpipe [0]);
+ close (evpipe [1]);
+ }
+
+ evpipe_init (EV_A);
+ /* now iterate over everything, in case we missed something */
+ pipecb (EV_A_ &pipeev, EV_READ);
+ }
+
+ postfork = 0;
+}
+
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+
+struct ev_loop *
+ev_loop_new (unsigned int flags)
+{
+ struct ev_loop *loop = (struct ev_loop *)ev_malloc (sizeof (struct ev_loop));
+
+ memset (loop, 0, sizeof (struct ev_loop));
+
+ loop_init (EV_A_ flags);
+
+ if (ev_backend (EV_A))
+ return loop;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+void
+ev_loop_destroy (EV_P)
+{
+ loop_destroy (EV_A);
+ ev_free (loop);
+}
+
+void
+ev_loop_fork (EV_P)
+{
+ postfork = 1; /* must be in line with ev_default_fork */
+}
+
+#if EV_VERIFY
+static void noinline
+verify_watcher (EV_P_ W w)
+{
+ assert (("libev: watcher has invalid priority", ABSPRI (w) >= 0 && ABSPRI (w) < NUMPRI));
+
+ if (w->pending)
+ assert (("libev: pending watcher not on pending queue", pendings [ABSPRI (w)][w->pending - 1].w == w));
+}
+
+static void noinline
+verify_heap (EV_P_ ANHE *heap, int N)
+{
+ int i;
+
+ for (i = HEAP0; i < N + HEAP0; ++i)
+ {
+ assert (("libev: active index mismatch in heap", ev_active (ANHE_w (heap [i])) == i));
+ assert (("libev: heap condition violated", i == HEAP0 || ANHE_at (heap [HPARENT (i)]) <= ANHE_at (heap [i])));
+ assert (("libev: heap at cache mismatch", ANHE_at (heap [i]) == ev_at (ANHE_w (heap [i]))));
+
+ verify_watcher (EV_A_ (W)ANHE_w (heap [i]));
+ }
+}
+
+static void noinline
+array_verify (EV_P_ W *ws, int cnt)
+{
+ while (cnt--)
+ {
+ assert (("libev: active index mismatch", ev_active (ws [cnt]) == cnt + 1));
+ verify_watcher (EV_A_ ws [cnt]);
+ }
+}
+#endif
+
+void
+ev_loop_verify (EV_P)
+{
+#if EV_VERIFY
+ int i;
+ WL w;
+
+ assert (activecnt >= -1);
+
+ assert (fdchangemax >= fdchangecnt);
+ for (i = 0; i < fdchangecnt; ++i)
+ assert (("libev: negative fd in fdchanges", fdchanges [i] >= 0));
+
+ assert (anfdmax >= 0);
+ for (i = 0; i < anfdmax; ++i)
+ for (w = anfds [i].head; w; w = w->next)
+ {
+ verify_watcher (EV_A_ (W)w);
+ assert (("libev: inactive fd watcher on anfd list", ev_active (w) == 1));
+ assert (("libev: fd mismatch between watcher and anfd", ((ev_io *)w)->fd == i));
+ }
+
+ assert (timermax >= timercnt);
+ verify_heap (EV_A_ timers, timercnt);
+
+#if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+ assert (periodicmax >= periodiccnt);
+ verify_heap (EV_A_ periodics, periodiccnt);
+#endif
+
+ for (i = NUMPRI; i--; )
+ {
+ assert (pendingmax [i] >= pendingcnt [i]);
+#if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
+ assert (idleall >= 0);
+ assert (idlemax [i] >= idlecnt [i]);
+ array_verify (EV_A_ (W *)idles [i], idlecnt [i]);
+#endif
+ }
+
+#if EV_FORK_ENABLE
+ assert (forkmax >= forkcnt);
+ array_verify (EV_A_ (W *)forks, forkcnt);
+#endif
+
+#if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
+ assert (asyncmax >= asynccnt);
+ array_verify (EV_A_ (W *)asyncs, asynccnt);
+#endif
+
+ assert (preparemax >= preparecnt);
+ array_verify (EV_A_ (W *)prepares, preparecnt);
+
+ assert (checkmax >= checkcnt);
+ array_verify (EV_A_ (W *)checks, checkcnt);
+
+# if 0
+ for (w = (ev_child *)childs [chain & (EV_PID_HASHSIZE - 1)]; w; w = (ev_child *)((WL)w)->next)
+ for (signum = signalmax; signum--; ) if (signals [signum].gotsig)
+# endif
+#endif
+}
+
+#endif /* multiplicity */
+
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+struct ev_loop *
+ev_default_loop_init (unsigned int flags)
+#else
+int
+ev_default_loop (unsigned int flags)
+#endif
+{
+ if (!ev_default_loop_ptr)
+ {
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+ struct ev_loop *loop = ev_default_loop_ptr = &default_loop_struct;
+#else
+ ev_default_loop_ptr = 1;
+#endif
+
+ loop_init (EV_A_ flags);
+
+ if (ev_backend (EV_A))
+ {
+#ifndef _WIN32
+ ev_signal_init (&childev, childcb, SIGCHLD);
+ ev_set_priority (&childev, EV_MAXPRI);
+ ev_signal_start (EV_A_ &childev);
+ ev_unref (EV_A); /* child watcher should not keep loop alive */
+#endif
+ }
+ else
+ ev_default_loop_ptr = 0;
+ }
+
+ return ev_default_loop_ptr;
+}
+
+void
+ev_default_destroy (void)
+{
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+ struct ev_loop *loop = ev_default_loop_ptr;
+#endif
+
+ ev_default_loop_ptr = 0;
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+ ev_ref (EV_A); /* child watcher */
+ ev_signal_stop (EV_A_ &childev);
+#endif
+
+ loop_destroy (EV_A);
+}
+
+void
+ev_default_fork (void)
+{
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+ struct ev_loop *loop = ev_default_loop_ptr;
+#endif
+
+ postfork = 1; /* must be in line with ev_loop_fork */
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+void
+ev_invoke (EV_P_ void *w, int revents)
+{
+ EV_CB_INVOKE ((W)w, revents);
+}
+
+void inline_speed
+call_pending (EV_P)
+{
+ int pri;
+
+ for (pri = NUMPRI; pri--; )
+ while (pendingcnt [pri])
+ {
+ ANPENDING *p = pendings [pri] + --pendingcnt [pri];
+
+ if (expect_true (p->w))
+ {
+ /*assert (("libev: non-pending watcher on pending list", p->w->pending));*/
+
+ p->w->pending = 0;
+ EV_CB_INVOKE (p->w, p->events);
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+#if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
+void inline_size
+idle_reify (EV_P)
+{
+ if (expect_false (idleall))
+ {
+ int pri;
+
+ for (pri = NUMPRI; pri--; )
+ {
+ if (pendingcnt [pri])
+ break;
+
+ if (idlecnt [pri])
+ {
+ queue_events (EV_A_ (W *)idles [pri], idlecnt [pri], EV_IDLE);
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}
+#endif
+
+void inline_size
+timers_reify (EV_P)
+{
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+ while (timercnt && ANHE_at (timers [HEAP0]) < mn_now)
+ {
+ ev_timer *w = (ev_timer *)ANHE_w (timers [HEAP0]);
+
+ /*assert (("libev: inactive timer on timer heap detected", ev_is_active (w)));*/
+
+ /* first reschedule or stop timer */
+ if (w->repeat)
+ {
+ ev_at (w) += w->repeat;
+ if (ev_at (w) < mn_now)
+ ev_at (w) = mn_now;
+
+ assert (("libev: negative ev_timer repeat value found while processing timers", w->repeat > 0.));
+
+ ANHE_at_cache (timers [HEAP0]);
+ downheap (timers, timercnt, HEAP0);
+ }
+ else
+ ev_timer_stop (EV_A_ w); /* nonrepeating: stop timer */
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+ ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)w, EV_TIMEOUT);
+ }
+}
+
+#if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+void inline_size
+periodics_reify (EV_P)
+{
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+ while (periodiccnt && ANHE_at (periodics [HEAP0]) < ev_rt_now)
+ {
+ ev_periodic *w = (ev_periodic *)ANHE_w (periodics [HEAP0]);
+
+ /*assert (("libev: inactive timer on periodic heap detected", ev_is_active (w)));*/
+
+ /* first reschedule or stop timer */
+ if (w->reschedule_cb)
+ {
+ ev_at (w) = w->reschedule_cb (w, ev_rt_now);
+
+ assert (("libev: ev_periodic reschedule callback returned time in the past", ev_at (w) >= ev_rt_now));
+
+ ANHE_at_cache (periodics [HEAP0]);
+ downheap (periodics, periodiccnt, HEAP0);
+ }
+ else if (w->interval)
+ {
+ ev_at (w) = w->offset + ceil ((ev_rt_now - w->offset) / w->interval) * w->interval;
+ /* if next trigger time is not sufficiently in the future, put it there */
+ /* this might happen because of floating point inexactness */
+ if (ev_at (w) - ev_rt_now < TIME_EPSILON)
+ {
+ ev_at (w) += w->interval;
+
+ /* if interval is unreasonably low we might still have a time in the past */
+ /* so correct this. this will make the periodic very inexact, but the user */
+ /* has effectively asked to get triggered more often than possible */
+ if (ev_at (w) < ev_rt_now)
+ ev_at (w) = ev_rt_now;
+ }
+
+ ANHE_at_cache (periodics [HEAP0]);
+ downheap (periodics, periodiccnt, HEAP0);
+ }
+ else
+ ev_periodic_stop (EV_A_ w); /* nonrepeating: stop timer */
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+ ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)w, EV_PERIODIC);
+ }
+}
+
+static void noinline
+periodics_reschedule (EV_P)
+{
+ int i;
+
+ /* adjust periodics after time jump */
+ for (i = HEAP0; i < periodiccnt + HEAP0; ++i)
+ {
+ ev_periodic *w = (ev_periodic *)ANHE_w (periodics [i]);
+
+ if (w->reschedule_cb)
+ ev_at (w) = w->reschedule_cb (w, ev_rt_now);
+ else if (w->interval)
+ ev_at (w) = w->offset + ceil ((ev_rt_now - w->offset) / w->interval) * w->interval;
+
+ ANHE_at_cache (periodics [i]);
+ }
+
+ reheap (periodics, periodiccnt);
+}
+#endif
+
+void inline_speed
+time_update (EV_P_ ev_tstamp max_block)
+{
+ int i;
+
+#if EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+ if (expect_true (have_monotonic))
+ {
+ ev_tstamp odiff = rtmn_diff;
+
+ mn_now = get_clock ();
+
+ /* only fetch the realtime clock every 0.5*MIN_TIMEJUMP seconds */
+ /* interpolate in the meantime */
+ if (expect_true (mn_now - now_floor < MIN_TIMEJUMP * .5))
+ {
+ ev_rt_now = rtmn_diff + mn_now;
+ return;
+ }
+
+ now_floor = mn_now;
+ ev_rt_now = ev_time ();
+
+ /* loop a few times, before making important decisions.
+ * on the choice of "4": one iteration isn't enough,
+ * in case we get preempted during the calls to
+ * ev_time and get_clock. a second call is almost guaranteed
+ * to succeed in that case, though. and looping a few more times
+ * doesn't hurt either as we only do this on time-jumps or
+ * in the unlikely event of having been preempted here.
+ */
+ for (i = 4; --i; )
+ {
+ rtmn_diff = ev_rt_now - mn_now;
+
+ if (expect_true (fabs (odiff - rtmn_diff) < MIN_TIMEJUMP))
+ return; /* all is well */
+
+ ev_rt_now = ev_time ();
+ mn_now = get_clock ();
+ now_floor = mn_now;
+ }
+
+# if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+ periodics_reschedule (EV_A);
+# endif
+ /* no timer adjustment, as the monotonic clock doesn't jump */
+ /* timers_reschedule (EV_A_ rtmn_diff - odiff) */
+ }
+ else
+#endif
+ {
+ ev_rt_now = ev_time ();
+
+ if (expect_false (mn_now > ev_rt_now || ev_rt_now > mn_now + max_block + MIN_TIMEJUMP))
+ {
+#if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+ periodics_reschedule (EV_A);
+#endif
+ /* adjust timers. this is easy, as the offset is the same for all of them */
+ for (i = 0; i < timercnt; ++i)
+ {
+ ANHE *he = timers + i + HEAP0;
+ ANHE_w (*he)->at += ev_rt_now - mn_now;
+ ANHE_at_cache (*he);
+ }
+ }
+
+ mn_now = ev_rt_now;
+ }
+}
+
+void
+ev_ref (EV_P)
+{
+ ++activecnt;
+}
+
+void
+ev_unref (EV_P)
+{
+ --activecnt;
+}
+
+void
+ev_now_update (EV_P)
+{
+ time_update (EV_A_ 1e100);
+}
+
+static int loop_done;
+
+void
+ev_loop (EV_P_ int flags)
+{
+ loop_done = EVUNLOOP_CANCEL;
+
+ call_pending (EV_A); /* in case we recurse, ensure ordering stays nice and clean */
+
+ do
+ {
+#if EV_VERIFY >= 2
+ ev_loop_verify (EV_A);
+#endif
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+ if (expect_false (curpid)) /* penalise the forking check even more */
+ if (expect_false (getpid () != curpid))
+ {
+ curpid = getpid ();
+ postfork = 1;
+ }
+#endif
+
+#if EV_FORK_ENABLE
+ /* we might have forked, so queue fork handlers */
+ if (expect_false (postfork))
+ if (forkcnt)
+ {
+ queue_events (EV_A_ (W *)forks, forkcnt, EV_FORK);
+ call_pending (EV_A);
+ }
+#endif
+
+ /* queue prepare watchers (and execute them) */
+ if (expect_false (preparecnt))
+ {
+ queue_events (EV_A_ (W *)prepares, preparecnt, EV_PREPARE);
+ call_pending (EV_A);
+ }
+
+ if (expect_false (!activecnt))
+ break;
+
+ /* we might have forked, so reify kernel state if necessary */
+ if (expect_false (postfork))
+ loop_fork (EV_A);
+
+ /* update fd-related kernel structures */
+ fd_reify (EV_A);
+
+ /* calculate blocking time */
+ {
+ ev_tstamp waittime = 0.;
+ ev_tstamp sleeptime = 0.;
+
+ if (expect_true (!(flags & EVLOOP_NONBLOCK || idleall || !activecnt)))
+ {
+ /* update time to cancel out callback processing overhead */
+ time_update (EV_A_ 1e100);
+
+ waittime = MAX_BLOCKTIME;
+
+ if (timercnt)
+ {
+ ev_tstamp to = ANHE_at (timers [HEAP0]) - mn_now + backend_fudge;
+ if (waittime > to) waittime = to;
+ }
+
+#if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+ if (periodiccnt)
+ {
+ ev_tstamp to = ANHE_at (periodics [HEAP0]) - ev_rt_now + backend_fudge;
+ if (waittime > to) waittime = to;
+ }
+#endif
+
+ if (expect_false (waittime < timeout_blocktime))
+ waittime = timeout_blocktime;
+
+ sleeptime = waittime - backend_fudge;
+
+ if (expect_true (sleeptime > io_blocktime))
+ sleeptime = io_blocktime;
+
+ if (sleeptime)
+ {
+ ev_sleep (sleeptime);
+ waittime -= sleeptime;
+ }
+ }
+
+ ++loop_count;
+ backend_poll (EV_A_ waittime);
+
+ /* update ev_rt_now, do magic */
+ time_update (EV_A_ waittime + sleeptime);
+ }
+
+ /* queue pending timers and reschedule them */
+ timers_reify (EV_A); /* relative timers called last */
+#if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+ periodics_reify (EV_A); /* absolute timers called first */
+#endif
+
+#if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
+ /* queue idle watchers unless other events are pending */
+ idle_reify (EV_A);
+#endif
+
+ /* queue check watchers, to be executed first */
+ if (expect_false (checkcnt))
+ queue_events (EV_A_ (W *)checks, checkcnt, EV_CHECK);
+
+ call_pending (EV_A);
+ }
+ while (expect_true (
+ activecnt
+ && !loop_done
+ && !(flags & (EVLOOP_ONESHOT | EVLOOP_NONBLOCK))
+ ));
+
+ if (loop_done == EVUNLOOP_ONE)
+ loop_done = EVUNLOOP_CANCEL;
+}
+
+void
+ev_unloop (EV_P_ int how)
+{
+ loop_done = how;
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+void inline_size
+wlist_add (WL *head, WL elem)
+{
+ elem->next = *head;
+ *head = elem;
+}
+
+void inline_size
+wlist_del (WL *head, WL elem)
+{
+ while (*head)
+ {
+ if (*head == elem)
+ {
+ *head = elem->next;
+ return;
+ }
+
+ head = &(*head)->next;
+ }
+}
+
+void inline_speed
+clear_pending (EV_P_ W w)
+{
+ if (w->pending)
+ {
+ pendings [ABSPRI (w)][w->pending - 1].w = 0;
+ w->pending = 0;
+ }
+}
+
+int
+ev_clear_pending (EV_P_ void *w)
+{
+ W w_ = (W)w;
+ int pending = w_->pending;
+
+ if (expect_true (pending))
+ {
+ ANPENDING *p = pendings [ABSPRI (w_)] + pending - 1;
+ w_->pending = 0;
+ p->w = 0;
+ return p->events;
+ }
+ else
+ return 0;
+}
+
+void inline_size
+pri_adjust (EV_P_ W w)
+{
+ int pri = w->priority;
+ pri = pri < EV_MINPRI ? EV_MINPRI : pri;
+ pri = pri > EV_MAXPRI ? EV_MAXPRI : pri;
+ w->priority = pri;
+}
+
+void inline_speed
+ev_start (EV_P_ W w, int active)
+{
+ pri_adjust (EV_A_ w);
+ w->active = active;
+ ev_ref (EV_A);
+}
+
+void inline_size
+ev_stop (EV_P_ W w)
+{
+ ev_unref (EV_A);
+ w->active = 0;
+}
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+void noinline
+ev_io_start (EV_P_ ev_io *w)
+{
+ int fd = w->fd;
+
+ if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+ return;
+
+ assert (("libev: ev_io_start called with negative fd", fd >= 0));
+ assert (("libev: ev_io start called with illegal event mask", !(w->events & ~(EV_IOFDSET | EV_READ | EV_WRITE))));
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+ ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, 1);
+ array_needsize (ANFD, anfds, anfdmax, fd + 1, array_init_zero);
+ wlist_add (&anfds[fd].head, (WL)w);
+
+ fd_change (EV_A_ fd, w->events & EV_IOFDSET | 1);
+ w->events &= ~EV_IOFDSET;
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void noinline
+ev_io_stop (EV_P_ ev_io *w)
+{
+ clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+ if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+ return;
+
+ assert (("libev: ev_io_stop called with illegal fd (must stay constant after start!)", w->fd >= 0 && w->fd < anfdmax));
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+ wlist_del (&anfds[w->fd].head, (WL)w);
+ ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+ fd_change (EV_A_ w->fd, 1);
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void noinline
+ev_timer_start (EV_P_ ev_timer *w)
+{
+ if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+ return;
+
+ ev_at (w) += mn_now;
+
+ assert (("libev: ev_timer_start called with negative timer repeat value", w->repeat >= 0.));
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+ ++timercnt;
+ ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, timercnt + HEAP0 - 1);
+ array_needsize (ANHE, timers, timermax, ev_active (w) + 1, EMPTY2);
+ ANHE_w (timers [ev_active (w)]) = (WT)w;
+ ANHE_at_cache (timers [ev_active (w)]);
+ upheap (timers, ev_active (w));
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+ /*assert (("libev: internal timer heap corruption", timers [ev_active (w)] == (WT)w));*/
+}
+
+void noinline
+ev_timer_stop (EV_P_ ev_timer *w)
+{
+ clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+ if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+ return;
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+ {
+ int active = ev_active (w);
+
+ assert (("libev: internal timer heap corruption", ANHE_w (timers [active]) == (WT)w));
+
+ --timercnt;
+
+ if (expect_true (active < timercnt + HEAP0))
+ {
+ timers [active] = timers [timercnt + HEAP0];
+ adjustheap (timers, timercnt, active);
+ }
+ }
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+ ev_at (w) -= mn_now;
+
+ ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+}
+
+void noinline
+ev_timer_again (EV_P_ ev_timer *w)
+{
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+ if (ev_is_active (w))
+ {
+ if (w->repeat)
+ {
+ ev_at (w) = mn_now + w->repeat;
+ ANHE_at_cache (timers [ev_active (w)]);
+ adjustheap (timers, timercnt, ev_active (w));
+ }
+ else
+ ev_timer_stop (EV_A_ w);
+ }
+ else if (w->repeat)
+ {
+ ev_at (w) = w->repeat;
+ ev_timer_start (EV_A_ w);
+ }
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+#if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+void noinline
+ev_periodic_start (EV_P_ ev_periodic *w)
+{
+ if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+ return;
+
+ if (w->reschedule_cb)
+ ev_at (w) = w->reschedule_cb (w, ev_rt_now);
+ else if (w->interval)
+ {
+ assert (("libev: ev_periodic_start called with negative interval value", w->interval >= 0.));
+ /* this formula differs from the one in periodic_reify because we do not always round up */
+ ev_at (w) = w->offset + ceil ((ev_rt_now - w->offset) / w->interval) * w->interval;
+ }
+ else
+ ev_at (w) = w->offset;
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+ ++periodiccnt;
+ ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, periodiccnt + HEAP0 - 1);
+ array_needsize (ANHE, periodics, periodicmax, ev_active (w) + 1, EMPTY2);
+ ANHE_w (periodics [ev_active (w)]) = (WT)w;
+ ANHE_at_cache (periodics [ev_active (w)]);
+ upheap (periodics, ev_active (w));
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+ /*assert (("libev: internal periodic heap corruption", ANHE_w (periodics [ev_active (w)]) == (WT)w));*/
+}
+
+void noinline
+ev_periodic_stop (EV_P_ ev_periodic *w)
+{
+ clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+ if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+ return;
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+ {
+ int active = ev_active (w);
+
+ assert (("libev: internal periodic heap corruption", ANHE_w (periodics [active]) == (WT)w));
+
+ --periodiccnt;
+
+ if (expect_true (active < periodiccnt + HEAP0))
+ {
+ periodics [active] = periodics [periodiccnt + HEAP0];
+ adjustheap (periodics, periodiccnt, active);
+ }
+ }
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+ ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+}
+
+void noinline
+ev_periodic_again (EV_P_ ev_periodic *w)
+{
+ /* TODO: use adjustheap and recalculation */
+ ev_periodic_stop (EV_A_ w);
+ ev_periodic_start (EV_A_ w);
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifndef SA_RESTART
+# define SA_RESTART 0
+#endif
+
+void noinline
+ev_signal_start (EV_P_ ev_signal *w)
+{
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+ assert (("libev: signal watchers are only supported in the default loop", loop == ev_default_loop_ptr));
+#endif
+ if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+ return;
+
+ assert (("libev: ev_signal_start called with illegal signal number", w->signum > 0));
+
+ evpipe_init (EV_A);
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+ {
+#ifndef _WIN32
+ sigset_t full, prev;
+ sigfillset (&full);
+ sigprocmask (SIG_SETMASK, &full, &prev);
+#endif
+
+ array_needsize (ANSIG, signals, signalmax, w->signum, array_init_zero);
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+ sigprocmask (SIG_SETMASK, &prev, 0);
+#endif
+ }
+
+ ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, 1);
+ wlist_add (&signals [w->signum - 1].head, (WL)w);
+
+ if (!((WL)w)->next)
+ {
+#if _WIN32
+ signal (w->signum, ev_sighandler);
+#else
+ struct sigaction sa;
+ sa.sa_handler = ev_sighandler;
+ sigfillset (&sa.sa_mask);
+ sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART; /* if restarting works we save one iteration */
+ sigaction (w->signum, &sa, 0);
+#endif
+ }
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void noinline
+ev_signal_stop (EV_P_ ev_signal *w)
+{
+ clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+ if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+ return;
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+ wlist_del (&signals [w->signum - 1].head, (WL)w);
+ ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+ if (!signals [w->signum - 1].head)
+ signal (w->signum, SIG_DFL);
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_child_start (EV_P_ ev_child *w)
+{
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+ assert (("libev: child watchers are only supported in the default loop", loop == ev_default_loop_ptr));
+#endif
+ if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+ return;
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+ ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, 1);
+ wlist_add (&childs [w->pid & (EV_PID_HASHSIZE - 1)], (WL)w);
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_child_stop (EV_P_ ev_child *w)
+{
+ clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+ if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+ return;
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+ wlist_del (&childs [w->pid & (EV_PID_HASHSIZE - 1)], (WL)w);
+ ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+#if EV_STAT_ENABLE
+
+# ifdef _WIN32
+# undef lstat
+# define lstat(a,b) _stati64 (a,b)
+# endif
+
+#define DEF_STAT_INTERVAL 5.0074891
+#define NFS_STAT_INTERVAL 30.1074891 /* for filesystems potentially failing inotify */
+#define MIN_STAT_INTERVAL 0.1074891
+
+static void noinline stat_timer_cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w_, int revents);
+
+#if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+# define EV_INOTIFY_BUFSIZE 8192
+
+static void noinline
+infy_add (EV_P_ ev_stat *w)
+{
+ w->wd = inotify_add_watch (fs_fd, w->path, IN_ATTRIB | IN_DELETE_SELF | IN_MOVE_SELF | IN_MODIFY | IN_DONT_FOLLOW | IN_MASK_ADD);
+
+ if (w->wd < 0)
+ {
+ w->timer.repeat = w->interval ? w->interval : DEF_STAT_INTERVAL;
+ ev_timer_again (EV_A_ &w->timer); /* this is not race-free, so we still need to recheck periodically */
+
+ /* monitor some parent directory for speedup hints */
+ /* note that exceeding the hardcoded path limit is not a correctness issue, */
+ /* but an efficiency issue only */
+ if ((errno == ENOENT || errno == EACCES) && strlen (w->path) < 4096)
+ {
+ char path [4096];
+ strcpy (path, w->path);
+
+ do
+ {
+ int mask = IN_MASK_ADD | IN_DELETE_SELF | IN_MOVE_SELF
+ | (errno == EACCES ? IN_ATTRIB : IN_CREATE | IN_MOVED_TO);
+
+ char *pend = strrchr (path, '/');
+
+ if (!pend || pend == path)
+ break;
+
+ *pend = 0;
+ w->wd = inotify_add_watch (fs_fd, path, mask);
+ }
+ while (w->wd < 0 && (errno == ENOENT || errno == EACCES));
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (w->wd >= 0)
+ {
+ wlist_add (&fs_hash [w->wd & (EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE - 1)].head, (WL)w);
+
+ /* now local changes will be tracked by inotify, but remote changes won't */
+ /* unless the filesystem it known to be local, we therefore still poll */
+ /* also do poll on <2.6.25, but with normal frequency */
+ struct statfs sfs;
+
+ if (fs_2625 && !statfs (w->path, &sfs))
+ if (sfs.f_type == 0x1373 /* devfs */
+ || sfs.f_type == 0xEF53 /* ext2/3 */
+ || sfs.f_type == 0x3153464a /* jfs */
+ || sfs.f_type == 0x52654973 /* reiser3 */
+ || sfs.f_type == 0x01021994 /* tempfs */
+ || sfs.f_type == 0x58465342 /* xfs */)
+ return;
+
+ w->timer.repeat = w->interval ? w->interval : fs_2625 ? NFS_STAT_INTERVAL : DEF_STAT_INTERVAL;
+ ev_timer_again (EV_A_ &w->timer);
+ }
+}
+
+static void noinline
+infy_del (EV_P_ ev_stat *w)
+{
+ int slot;
+ int wd = w->wd;
+
+ if (wd < 0)
+ return;
+
+ w->wd = -2;
+ slot = wd & (EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE - 1);
+ wlist_del (&fs_hash [slot].head, (WL)w);
+
+ /* remove this watcher, if others are watching it, they will rearm */
+ inotify_rm_watch (fs_fd, wd);
+}
+
+static void noinline
+infy_wd (EV_P_ int slot, int wd, struct inotify_event *ev)
+{
+ if (slot < 0)
+ /* overflow, need to check for all hash slots */
+ for (slot = 0; slot < EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE; ++slot)
+ infy_wd (EV_A_ slot, wd, ev);
+ else
+ {
+ WL w_;
+
+ for (w_ = fs_hash [slot & (EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE - 1)].head; w_; )
+ {
+ ev_stat *w = (ev_stat *)w_;
+ w_ = w_->next; /* lets us remove this watcher and all before it */
+
+ if (w->wd == wd || wd == -1)
+ {
+ if (ev->mask & (IN_IGNORED | IN_UNMOUNT | IN_DELETE_SELF))
+ {
+ wlist_del (&fs_hash [slot & (EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE - 1)].head, (WL)w);
+ w->wd = -1;
+ infy_add (EV_A_ w); /* re-add, no matter what */
+ }
+
+ stat_timer_cb (EV_A_ &w->timer, 0);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+static void
+infy_cb (EV_P_ ev_io *w, int revents)
+{
+ char buf [EV_INOTIFY_BUFSIZE];
+ struct inotify_event *ev = (struct inotify_event *)buf;
+ int ofs;
+ int len = read (fs_fd, buf, sizeof (buf));
+
+ for (ofs = 0; ofs < len; ofs += sizeof (struct inotify_event) + ev->len)
+ infy_wd (EV_A_ ev->wd, ev->wd, ev);
+}
+
+void inline_size
+check_2625 (EV_P)
+{
+ /* kernels < 2.6.25 are borked
+ * http://www.ussg.indiana.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0711.3/1208.html
+ */
+ struct utsname buf;
+ int major, minor, micro;
+
+ if (uname (&buf))
+ return;
+
+ if (sscanf (buf.release, "%d.%d.%d", &major, &minor, µ) != 3)
+ return;
+
+ if (major < 2
+ || (major == 2 && minor < 6)
+ || (major == 2 && minor == 6 && micro < 25))
+ return;
+
+ fs_2625 = 1;
+}
+
+void inline_size
+infy_init (EV_P)
+{
+ if (fs_fd != -2)
+ return;
+
+ fs_fd = -1;
+
+ check_2625 (EV_A);
+
+ fs_fd = inotify_init ();
+
+ if (fs_fd >= 0)
+ {
+ ev_io_init (&fs_w, infy_cb, fs_fd, EV_READ);
+ ev_set_priority (&fs_w, EV_MAXPRI);
+ ev_io_start (EV_A_ &fs_w);
+ }
+}
+
+void inline_size
+infy_fork (EV_P)
+{
+ int slot;
+
+ if (fs_fd < 0)
+ return;
+
+ close (fs_fd);
+ fs_fd = inotify_init ();
+
+ for (slot = 0; slot < EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE; ++slot)
+ {
+ WL w_ = fs_hash [slot].head;
+ fs_hash [slot].head = 0;
+
+ while (w_)
+ {
+ ev_stat *w = (ev_stat *)w_;
+ w_ = w_->next; /* lets us add this watcher */
+
+ w->wd = -1;
+
+ if (fs_fd >= 0)
+ infy_add (EV_A_ w); /* re-add, no matter what */
+ else
+ ev_timer_again (EV_A_ &w->timer);
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+# define EV_LSTAT(p,b) _stati64 (p, b)
+#else
+# define EV_LSTAT(p,b) lstat (p, b)
+#endif
+
+void
+ev_stat_stat (EV_P_ ev_stat *w)
+{
+ if (lstat (w->path, &w->attr) < 0)
+ w->attr.st_nlink = 0;
+ else if (!w->attr.st_nlink)
+ w->attr.st_nlink = 1;
+}
+
+static void noinline
+stat_timer_cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w_, int revents)
+{
+ ev_stat *w = (ev_stat *)(((char *)w_) - offsetof (ev_stat, timer));
+
+ /* we copy this here each the time so that */
+ /* prev has the old value when the callback gets invoked */
+ w->prev = w->attr;
+ ev_stat_stat (EV_A_ w);
+
+ /* memcmp doesn't work on netbsd, they.... do stuff to their struct stat */
+ if (
+ w->prev.st_dev != w->attr.st_dev
+ || w->prev.st_ino != w->attr.st_ino
+ || w->prev.st_mode != w->attr.st_mode
+ || w->prev.st_nlink != w->attr.st_nlink
+ || w->prev.st_uid != w->attr.st_uid
+ || w->prev.st_gid != w->attr.st_gid
+ || w->prev.st_rdev != w->attr.st_rdev
+ || w->prev.st_size != w->attr.st_size
+ || w->prev.st_atime != w->attr.st_atime
+ || w->prev.st_mtime != w->attr.st_mtime
+ || w->prev.st_ctime != w->attr.st_ctime
+ ) {
+ #if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+ if (fs_fd >= 0)
+ {
+ infy_del (EV_A_ w);
+ infy_add (EV_A_ w);
+ ev_stat_stat (EV_A_ w); /* avoid race... */
+ }
+ #endif
+
+ ev_feed_event (EV_A_ w, EV_STAT);
+ }
+}
+
+void
+ev_stat_start (EV_P_ ev_stat *w)
+{
+ if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+ return;
+
+ ev_stat_stat (EV_A_ w);
+
+ if (w->interval < MIN_STAT_INTERVAL && w->interval)
+ w->interval = MIN_STAT_INTERVAL;
+
+ ev_timer_init (&w->timer, stat_timer_cb, 0., w->interval ? w->interval : DEF_STAT_INTERVAL);
+ ev_set_priority (&w->timer, ev_priority (w));
+
+#if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+ infy_init (EV_A);
+
+ if (fs_fd >= 0)
+ infy_add (EV_A_ w);
+ else
+#endif
+ ev_timer_again (EV_A_ &w->timer);
+
+ ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, 1);
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_stat_stop (EV_P_ ev_stat *w)
+{
+ clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+ if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+ return;
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+#if EV_USE_INOTIFY
+ infy_del (EV_A_ w);
+#endif
+ ev_timer_stop (EV_A_ &w->timer);
+
+ ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+#endif
+
+#if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
+void
+ev_idle_start (EV_P_ ev_idle *w)
+{
+ if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+ return;
+
+ pri_adjust (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+ {
+ int active = ++idlecnt [ABSPRI (w)];
+
+ ++idleall;
+ ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, active);
+
+ array_needsize (ev_idle *, idles [ABSPRI (w)], idlemax [ABSPRI (w)], active, EMPTY2);
+ idles [ABSPRI (w)][active - 1] = w;
+ }
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_idle_stop (EV_P_ ev_idle *w)
+{
+ clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+ if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+ return;
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+ {
+ int active = ev_active (w);
+
+ idles [ABSPRI (w)][active - 1] = idles [ABSPRI (w)][--idlecnt [ABSPRI (w)]];
+ ev_active (idles [ABSPRI (w)][active - 1]) = active;
+
+ ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+ --idleall;
+ }
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+#endif
+
+void
+ev_prepare_start (EV_P_ ev_prepare *w)
+{
+ if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+ return;
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+ ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, ++preparecnt);
+ array_needsize (ev_prepare *, prepares, preparemax, preparecnt, EMPTY2);
+ prepares [preparecnt - 1] = w;
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_prepare_stop (EV_P_ ev_prepare *w)
+{
+ clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+ if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+ return;
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+ {
+ int active = ev_active (w);
+
+ prepares [active - 1] = prepares [--preparecnt];
+ ev_active (prepares [active - 1]) = active;
+ }
+
+ ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_check_start (EV_P_ ev_check *w)
+{
+ if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+ return;
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+ ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, ++checkcnt);
+ array_needsize (ev_check *, checks, checkmax, checkcnt, EMPTY2);
+ checks [checkcnt - 1] = w;
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_check_stop (EV_P_ ev_check *w)
+{
+ clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+ if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+ return;
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+ {
+ int active = ev_active (w);
+
+ checks [active - 1] = checks [--checkcnt];
+ ev_active (checks [active - 1]) = active;
+ }
+
+ ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+#if EV_EMBED_ENABLE
+void noinline
+ev_embed_sweep (EV_P_ ev_embed *w)
+{
+ ev_loop (w->other, EVLOOP_NONBLOCK);
+}
+
+static void
+embed_io_cb (EV_P_ ev_io *io, int revents)
+{
+ ev_embed *w = (ev_embed *)(((char *)io) - offsetof (ev_embed, io));
+
+ if (ev_cb (w))
+ ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)w, EV_EMBED);
+ else
+ ev_loop (w->other, EVLOOP_NONBLOCK);
+}
+
+static void
+embed_prepare_cb (EV_P_ ev_prepare *prepare, int revents)
+{
+ ev_embed *w = (ev_embed *)(((char *)prepare) - offsetof (ev_embed, prepare));
+
+ {
+ struct ev_loop *loop = w->other;
+
+ while (fdchangecnt)
+ {
+ fd_reify (EV_A);
+ ev_loop (EV_A_ EVLOOP_NONBLOCK);
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+static void
+embed_fork_cb (EV_P_ ev_fork *fork_w, int revents)
+{
+ ev_embed *w = (ev_embed *)(((char *)fork_w) - offsetof (ev_embed, fork));
+
+ ev_embed_stop (EV_A_ w);
+
+ {
+ struct ev_loop *loop = w->other;
+
+ ev_loop_fork (EV_A);
+ ev_loop (EV_A_ EVLOOP_NONBLOCK);
+ }
+
+ ev_embed_start (EV_A_ w);
+}
+
+#if 0
+static void
+embed_idle_cb (EV_P_ ev_idle *idle, int revents)
+{
+ ev_idle_stop (EV_A_ idle);
+}
+#endif
+
+void
+ev_embed_start (EV_P_ ev_embed *w)
+{
+ if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+ return;
+
+ {
+ struct ev_loop *loop = w->other;
+ assert (("libev: loop to be embedded is not embeddable", backend & ev_embeddable_backends ()));
+ ev_io_init (&w->io, embed_io_cb, backend_fd, EV_READ);
+ }
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+ ev_set_priority (&w->io, ev_priority (w));
+ ev_io_start (EV_A_ &w->io);
+
+ ev_prepare_init (&w->prepare, embed_prepare_cb);
+ ev_set_priority (&w->prepare, EV_MINPRI);
+ ev_prepare_start (EV_A_ &w->prepare);
+
+ ev_fork_init (&w->fork, embed_fork_cb);
+ ev_fork_start (EV_A_ &w->fork);
+
+ /*ev_idle_init (&w->idle, e,bed_idle_cb);*/
+
+ ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, 1);
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_embed_stop (EV_P_ ev_embed *w)
+{
+ clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+ if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+ return;
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+ ev_io_stop (EV_A_ &w->io);
+ ev_prepare_stop (EV_A_ &w->prepare);
+ ev_fork_stop (EV_A_ &w->fork);
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+#endif
+
+#if EV_FORK_ENABLE
+void
+ev_fork_start (EV_P_ ev_fork *w)
+{
+ if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+ return;
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+ ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, ++forkcnt);
+ array_needsize (ev_fork *, forks, forkmax, forkcnt, EMPTY2);
+ forks [forkcnt - 1] = w;
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_fork_stop (EV_P_ ev_fork *w)
+{
+ clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+ if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+ return;
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+ {
+ int active = ev_active (w);
+
+ forks [active - 1] = forks [--forkcnt];
+ ev_active (forks [active - 1]) = active;
+ }
+
+ ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+#endif
+
+#if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
+void
+ev_async_start (EV_P_ ev_async *w)
+{
+ if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
+ return;
+
+ evpipe_init (EV_A);
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+ ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, ++asynccnt);
+ array_needsize (ev_async *, asyncs, asyncmax, asynccnt, EMPTY2);
+ asyncs [asynccnt - 1] = w;
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_async_stop (EV_P_ ev_async *w)
+{
+ clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
+ if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
+ return;
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+
+ {
+ int active = ev_active (w);
+
+ asyncs [active - 1] = asyncs [--asynccnt];
+ ev_active (asyncs [active - 1]) = active;
+ }
+
+ ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
+
+ EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
+}
+
+void
+ev_async_send (EV_P_ ev_async *w)
+{
+ w->sent = 1;
+ evpipe_write (EV_A_ &gotasync);
+}
+#endif
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+struct ev_once
+{
+ ev_io io;
+ ev_timer to;
+ void (*cb)(int revents, void *arg);
+ void *arg;
+};
+
+static void
+once_cb (EV_P_ struct ev_once *once, int revents)
+{
+ void (*cb)(int revents, void *arg) = once->cb;
+ void *arg = once->arg;
+
+ ev_io_stop (EV_A_ &once->io);
+ ev_timer_stop (EV_A_ &once->to);
+ ev_free (once);
+
+ cb (revents, arg);
+}
+
+static void
+once_cb_io (EV_P_ ev_io *w, int revents)
+{
+ struct ev_once *once = (struct ev_once *)(((char *)w) - offsetof (struct ev_once, io));
+
+ once_cb (EV_A_ once, revents | ev_clear_pending (EV_A_ &once->to));
+}
+
+static void
+once_cb_to (EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents)
+{
+ struct ev_once *once = (struct ev_once *)(((char *)w) - offsetof (struct ev_once, to));
+
+ once_cb (EV_A_ once, revents | ev_clear_pending (EV_A_ &once->io));
+}
+
+void
+ev_once (EV_P_ int fd, int events, ev_tstamp timeout, void (*cb)(int revents, void *arg), void *arg)
+{
+ struct ev_once *once = (struct ev_once *)ev_malloc (sizeof (struct ev_once));
+
+ if (expect_false (!once))
+ {
+ cb (EV_ERROR | EV_READ | EV_WRITE | EV_TIMEOUT, arg);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ once->cb = cb;
+ once->arg = arg;
+
+ ev_init (&once->io, once_cb_io);
+ if (fd >= 0)
+ {
+ ev_io_set (&once->io, fd, events);
+ ev_io_start (EV_A_ &once->io);
+ }
+
+ ev_init (&once->to, once_cb_to);
+ if (timeout >= 0.)
+ {
+ ev_timer_set (&once->to, timeout, 0.);
+ ev_timer_start (EV_A_ &once->to);
+ }
+}
+
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+ #include "ev_wrap.h"
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * libev native API header
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007,2008,2009 Marc Alexander Lehmann <libev@schmorp.de>
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modifica-
+ * tion, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
+ * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MER-
+ * CHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
+ * EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPE-
+ * CIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+ * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
+ * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
+ * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTH-
+ * ERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
+ * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of
+ * the GNU General Public License ("GPL") version 2 or any later version,
+ * in which case the provisions of the GPL are applicable instead of
+ * the above. If you wish to allow the use of your version of this file
+ * only under the terms of the GPL and not to allow others to use your
+ * version of this file under the BSD license, indicate your decision
+ * by deleting the provisions above and replace them with the notice
+ * and other provisions required by the GPL. If you do not delete the
+ * provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this file under
+ * either the BSD or the GPL.
+ */
+
+#ifndef EV_H__
+#define EV_H__
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+typedef double ev_tstamp;
+
+/* these priorities are inclusive, higher priorities will be called earlier */
+#ifndef EV_MINPRI
+# define EV_MINPRI -2
+#endif
+#ifndef EV_MAXPRI
+# define EV_MAXPRI +2
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_MULTIPLICITY
+# define EV_MULTIPLICITY 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+# define EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_STAT_ENABLE
+# define EV_STAT_ENABLE 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_IDLE_ENABLE
+# define EV_IDLE_ENABLE 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_FORK_ENABLE
+# define EV_FORK_ENABLE 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_EMBED_ENABLE
+# define EV_EMBED_ENABLE 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
+# define EV_ASYNC_ENABLE 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_ATOMIC_T
+# include <signal.h>
+# define EV_ATOMIC_T sig_atomic_t volatile
+#endif
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+#if EV_STAT_ENABLE
+# ifdef _WIN32
+# include <time.h>
+# include <sys/types.h>
+# endif
+# include <sys/stat.h>
+#endif
+
+/* support multiple event loops? */
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+struct ev_loop;
+# define EV_P struct ev_loop *loop
+# define EV_P_ EV_P,
+# define EV_A loop
+# define EV_A_ EV_A,
+# define EV_DEFAULT_UC ev_default_loop_uc ()
+# define EV_DEFAULT_UC_ EV_DEFAULT_UC,
+# define EV_DEFAULT ev_default_loop (0)
+# define EV_DEFAULT_ EV_DEFAULT,
+#else
+# define EV_P void
+# define EV_P_
+# define EV_A
+# define EV_A_
+# define EV_DEFAULT
+# define EV_DEFAULT_
+# define EV_DEFAULT_UC
+# define EV_DEFAULT_UC_
+# undef EV_EMBED_ENABLE
+#endif
+
+#if __STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L || __GNUC__ >= 3
+# define EV_INLINE static inline
+#else
+# define EV_INLINE static
+#endif
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+/* eventmask, revents, events... */
+#define EV_UNDEF -1 /* guaranteed to be invalid */
+#define EV_NONE 0x00 /* no events */
+#define EV_READ 0x01 /* ev_io detected read will not block */
+#define EV_WRITE 0x02 /* ev_io detected write will not block */
+#define EV_IOFDSET 0x80 /* internal use only */
+#define EV_TIMEOUT 0x00000100 /* timer timed out */
+#define EV_PERIODIC 0x00000200 /* periodic timer timed out */
+#define EV_SIGNAL 0x00000400 /* signal was received */
+#define EV_CHILD 0x00000800 /* child/pid had status change */
+#define EV_STAT 0x00001000 /* stat data changed */
+#define EV_IDLE 0x00002000 /* event loop is idling */
+#define EV_PREPARE 0x00004000 /* event loop about to poll */
+#define EV_CHECK 0x00008000 /* event loop finished poll */
+#define EV_EMBED 0x00010000 /* embedded event loop needs sweep */
+#define EV_FORK 0x00020000 /* event loop resumed in child */
+#define EV_ASYNC 0x00040000 /* async intra-loop signal */
+#define EV_ERROR 0x80000000 /* sent when an error occurs */
+
+/* can be used to add custom fields to all watchers, while losing binary compatibility */
+#ifndef EV_COMMON
+# define EV_COMMON void *data;
+#endif
+#ifndef EV_PROTOTYPES
+# define EV_PROTOTYPES 1
+#endif
+
+#define EV_VERSION_MAJOR 3
+#define EV_VERSION_MINOR 0
+
+#ifndef EV_CB_DECLARE
+# define EV_CB_DECLARE(type) void (*cb)(EV_P_ struct type *w, int revents);
+#endif
+#ifndef EV_CB_INVOKE
+# define EV_CB_INVOKE(watcher,revents) (watcher)->cb (EV_A_ (watcher), (revents))
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * struct member types:
+ * private: you may look at them, but not change them,
+ * and they might not mean anything to you.
+ * ro: can be read anytime, but only changed when the watcher isn't active.
+ * rw: can be read and modified anytime, even when the watcher is active.
+ *
+ * some internal details that might be helpful for debugging:
+ *
+ * active is either 0, which means the watcher is not active,
+ * or the array index of the watcher (periodics, timers)
+ * or the array index + 1 (most other watchers)
+ * or simply 1 for watchers that aren't in some array.
+ * pending is either 0, in which case the watcher isn't,
+ * or the array index + 1 in the pendings array.
+ */
+
+/* shared by all watchers */
+#define EV_WATCHER(type) \
+ int active; /* private */ \
+ int pending; /* private */ \
+ int priority; /* private */ \
+ EV_COMMON /* rw */ \
+ EV_CB_DECLARE (type) /* private */
+
+#define EV_WATCHER_LIST(type) \
+ EV_WATCHER (type) \
+ struct ev_watcher_list *next; /* private */
+
+#define EV_WATCHER_TIME(type) \
+ EV_WATCHER (type) \
+ ev_tstamp at; /* private */
+
+/* base class, nothing to see here unless you subclass */
+typedef struct ev_watcher
+{
+ EV_WATCHER (ev_watcher)
+} ev_watcher;
+
+/* base class, nothing to see here unless you subclass */
+typedef struct ev_watcher_list
+{
+ EV_WATCHER_LIST (ev_watcher_list)
+} ev_watcher_list;
+
+/* base class, nothing to see here unless you subclass */
+typedef struct ev_watcher_time
+{
+ EV_WATCHER_TIME (ev_watcher_time)
+} ev_watcher_time;
+
+/* invoked when fd is either EV_READable or EV_WRITEable */
+/* revent EV_READ, EV_WRITE */
+typedef struct ev_io
+{
+ EV_WATCHER_LIST (ev_io)
+
+ int fd; /* ro */
+ int events; /* ro */
+} ev_io;
+
+/* invoked after a specific time, repeatable (based on monotonic clock) */
+/* revent EV_TIMEOUT */
+typedef struct ev_timer
+{
+ EV_WATCHER_TIME (ev_timer)
+
+ ev_tstamp repeat; /* rw */
+} ev_timer;
+
+/* invoked at some specific time, possibly repeating at regular intervals (based on UTC) */
+/* revent EV_PERIODIC */
+typedef struct ev_periodic
+{
+ EV_WATCHER_TIME (ev_periodic)
+
+ ev_tstamp offset; /* rw */
+ ev_tstamp interval; /* rw */
+ ev_tstamp (*reschedule_cb)(struct ev_periodic *w, ev_tstamp now); /* rw */
+} ev_periodic;
+
+/* invoked when the given signal has been received */
+/* revent EV_SIGNAL */
+typedef struct ev_signal
+{
+ EV_WATCHER_LIST (ev_signal)
+
+ int signum; /* ro */
+} ev_signal;
+
+/* invoked when sigchld is received and waitpid indicates the given pid */
+/* revent EV_CHILD */
+/* does not support priorities */
+typedef struct ev_child
+{
+ EV_WATCHER_LIST (ev_child)
+
+ int flags; /* private */
+ int pid; /* ro */
+ int rpid; /* rw, holds the received pid */
+ int rstatus; /* rw, holds the exit status, use the macros from sys/wait.h */
+} ev_child;
+
+#if EV_STAT_ENABLE
+/* st_nlink = 0 means missing file or other error */
+# ifdef _WIN32
+typedef struct _stati64 ev_statdata;
+# else
+typedef struct stat ev_statdata;
+# endif
+
+/* invoked each time the stat data changes for a given path */
+/* revent EV_STAT */
+typedef struct ev_stat
+{
+ EV_WATCHER_LIST (ev_stat)
+
+ ev_timer timer; /* private */
+ ev_tstamp interval; /* ro */
+ const char *path; /* ro */
+ ev_statdata prev; /* ro */
+ ev_statdata attr; /* ro */
+
+ int wd; /* wd for inotify, fd for kqueue */
+} ev_stat;
+#endif
+
+#if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
+/* invoked when the nothing else needs to be done, keeps the process from blocking */
+/* revent EV_IDLE */
+typedef struct ev_idle
+{
+ EV_WATCHER (ev_idle)
+} ev_idle;
+#endif
+
+/* invoked for each run of the mainloop, just before the blocking call */
+/* you can still change events in any way you like */
+/* revent EV_PREPARE */
+typedef struct ev_prepare
+{
+ EV_WATCHER (ev_prepare)
+} ev_prepare;
+
+/* invoked for each run of the mainloop, just after the blocking call */
+/* revent EV_CHECK */
+typedef struct ev_check
+{
+ EV_WATCHER (ev_check)
+} ev_check;
+
+#if EV_FORK_ENABLE
+/* the callback gets invoked before check in the child process when a fork was detected */
+typedef struct ev_fork
+{
+ EV_WATCHER (ev_fork)
+} ev_fork;
+#endif
+
+#if EV_EMBED_ENABLE
+/* used to embed an event loop inside another */
+/* the callback gets invoked when the event loop has handled events, and can be 0 */
+typedef struct ev_embed
+{
+ EV_WATCHER (ev_embed)
+
+ struct ev_loop *other; /* ro */
+ ev_io io; /* private */
+ ev_prepare prepare; /* private */
+ ev_check check; /* unused */
+ ev_timer timer; /* unused */
+ ev_periodic periodic; /* unused */
+ ev_idle idle; /* unused */
+ ev_fork fork; /* private */
+} ev_embed;
+#endif
+
+#if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
+/* invoked when somebody calls ev_async_send on the watcher */
+/* revent EV_ASYNC */
+typedef struct ev_async
+{
+ EV_WATCHER (ev_async)
+
+ EV_ATOMIC_T sent; /* private */
+} ev_async;
+
+# define ev_async_pending(w) ((w)->sent + 0)
+#endif
+
+/* the presence of this union forces similar struct layout */
+union ev_any_watcher
+{
+ struct ev_watcher w;
+ struct ev_watcher_list wl;
+
+ struct ev_io io;
+ struct ev_timer timer;
+ struct ev_periodic periodic;
+ struct ev_signal signal;
+ struct ev_child child;
+#if EV_STAT_ENABLE
+ struct ev_stat stat;
+#endif
+#if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
+ struct ev_idle idle;
+#endif
+ struct ev_prepare prepare;
+ struct ev_check check;
+#if EV_FORK_ENABLE
+ struct ev_fork fork;
+#endif
+#if EV_EMBED_ENABLE
+ struct ev_embed embed;
+#endif
+#if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
+ struct ev_async async;
+#endif
+};
+
+/* bits for ev_default_loop and ev_loop_new */
+/* the default */
+#define EVFLAG_AUTO 0x00000000U /* not quite a mask */
+/* flag bits */
+#define EVFLAG_NOENV 0x01000000U /* do NOT consult environment */
+#define EVFLAG_FORKCHECK 0x02000000U /* check for a fork in each iteration */
+/* method bits to be ored together */
+#define EVBACKEND_SELECT 0x00000001U /* about anywhere */
+#define EVBACKEND_POLL 0x00000002U /* !win */
+#define EVBACKEND_EPOLL 0x00000004U /* linux */
+#define EVBACKEND_KQUEUE 0x00000008U /* bsd */
+#define EVBACKEND_DEVPOLL 0x00000010U /* solaris 8 */ /* NYI */
+#define EVBACKEND_PORT 0x00000020U /* solaris 10 */
+
+#if EV_PROTOTYPES
+int ev_version_major (void);
+int ev_version_minor (void);
+
+unsigned int ev_supported_backends (void);
+unsigned int ev_recommended_backends (void);
+unsigned int ev_embeddable_backends (void);
+
+ev_tstamp ev_time (void);
+void ev_sleep (ev_tstamp delay); /* sleep for a while */
+
+/* Sets the allocation function to use, works like realloc.
+ * It is used to allocate and free memory.
+ * If it returns zero when memory needs to be allocated, the library might abort
+ * or take some potentially destructive action.
+ * The default is your system realloc function.
+ */
+void ev_set_allocator (void *(*cb)(void *ptr, long size));
+
+/* set the callback function to call on a
+ * retryable syscall error
+ * (such as failed select, poll, epoll_wait)
+ */
+void ev_set_syserr_cb (void (*cb)(const char *msg));
+
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+EV_INLINE struct ev_loop *
+ev_default_loop_uc (void)
+{
+ extern struct ev_loop *ev_default_loop_ptr;
+
+ return ev_default_loop_ptr;
+}
+
+/* the default loop is the only one that handles signals and child watchers */
+/* you can call this as often as you like */
+EV_INLINE struct ev_loop *
+ev_default_loop (unsigned int flags)
+{
+ struct ev_loop *loop = ev_default_loop_uc ();
+
+ if (!loop)
+ {
+ extern struct ev_loop *ev_default_loop_init (unsigned int flags);
+
+ loop = ev_default_loop_init (flags);
+ }
+
+ return loop;
+}
+
+/* create and destroy alternative loops that don't handle signals */
+struct ev_loop *ev_loop_new (unsigned int flags);
+void ev_loop_destroy (EV_P);
+void ev_loop_fork (EV_P);
+void ev_loop_verify (EV_P);
+
+ev_tstamp ev_now (EV_P); /* time w.r.t. timers and the eventloop, updated after each poll */
+void ev_now_update (EV_P);
+
+#else
+
+int ev_default_loop (unsigned int flags); /* returns true when successful */
+
+EV_INLINE ev_tstamp
+ev_now (void)
+{
+ extern ev_tstamp ev_rt_now;
+
+ return ev_rt_now;
+}
+#endif /* multiplicity */
+
+EV_INLINE int
+ev_is_default_loop (EV_P)
+{
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+ extern struct ev_loop *ev_default_loop_ptr;
+
+ return !!(EV_A == ev_default_loop_ptr);
+#else
+ return 1;
+#endif
+}
+
+void ev_default_destroy (void); /* destroy the default loop */
+/* this needs to be called after fork, to duplicate the default loop */
+/* if you create alternative loops you have to call ev_loop_fork on them */
+/* you can call it in either the parent or the child */
+/* you can actually call it at any time, anywhere :) */
+void ev_default_fork (void);
+
+unsigned int ev_backend (EV_P); /* backend in use by loop */
+unsigned int ev_loop_count (EV_P); /* number of loop iterations */
+#endif /* prototypes */
+
+#define EVLOOP_NONBLOCK 1 /* do not block/wait */
+#define EVLOOP_ONESHOT 2 /* block *once* only */
+#define EVUNLOOP_CANCEL 0 /* undo unloop */
+#define EVUNLOOP_ONE 1 /* unloop once */
+#define EVUNLOOP_ALL 2 /* unloop all loops */
+
+#if EV_PROTOTYPES
+void ev_loop (EV_P_ int flags);
+void ev_unloop (EV_P_ int how); /* set to 1 to break out of event loop, set to 2 to break out of all event loops */
+
+void ev_set_io_collect_interval (EV_P_ ev_tstamp interval); /* sleep at least this time, default 0 */
+void ev_set_timeout_collect_interval (EV_P_ ev_tstamp interval); /* sleep at least this time, default 0 */
+
+/*
+ * ref/unref can be used to add or remove a refcount on the mainloop. every watcher
+ * keeps one reference. if you have a long-runing watcher you never unregister that
+ * should not keep ev_loop from running, unref() after starting, and ref() before stopping.
+ */
+void ev_ref (EV_P);
+void ev_unref (EV_P);
+
+/* convenience function, wait for a single event, without registering an event watcher */
+/* if timeout is < 0, do wait indefinitely */
+void ev_once (EV_P_ int fd, int events, ev_tstamp timeout, void (*cb)(int revents, void *arg), void *arg);
+#endif
+
+/* these may evaluate ev multiple times, and the other arguments at most once */
+/* either use ev_init + ev_TYPE_set, or the ev_TYPE_init macro, below, to first initialise a watcher */
+#define ev_init(ev,cb_) do { \
+ ((ev_watcher *)(void *)(ev))->active = \
+ ((ev_watcher *)(void *)(ev))->pending = \
+ ((ev_watcher *)(void *)(ev))->priority = 0; \
+ ev_set_cb ((ev), cb_); \
+} while (0)
+
+#define ev_io_set(ev,fd_,events_) do { (ev)->fd = (fd_); (ev)->events = (events_) | EV_IOFDSET; } while (0)
+#define ev_timer_set(ev,after_,repeat_) do { ((ev_watcher_time *)(ev))->at = (after_); (ev)->repeat = (repeat_); } while (0)
+#define ev_periodic_set(ev,ofs_,ival_,res_) do { (ev)->offset = (ofs_); (ev)->interval = (ival_); (ev)->reschedule_cb= (res_); } while (0)
+#define ev_signal_set(ev,signum_) do { (ev)->signum = (signum_); } while (0)
+#define ev_child_set(ev,pid_,trace_) do { (ev)->pid = (pid_); (ev)->flags = !!(trace_); } while (0)
+#define ev_stat_set(ev,path_,interval_) do { (ev)->path = (path_); (ev)->interval = (interval_); (ev)->wd = -2; } while (0)
+#define ev_idle_set(ev) /* nop, yes, this is a serious in-joke */
+#define ev_prepare_set(ev) /* nop, yes, this is a serious in-joke */
+#define ev_check_set(ev) /* nop, yes, this is a serious in-joke */
+#define ev_embed_set(ev,other_) do { (ev)->other = (other_); } while (0)
+#define ev_fork_set(ev) /* nop, yes, this is a serious in-joke */
+#define ev_async_set(ev) do { (ev)->sent = 0; } while (0)
+
+#define ev_io_init(ev,cb,fd,events) do { ev_init ((ev), (cb)); ev_io_set ((ev),(fd),(events)); } while (0)
+#define ev_timer_init(ev,cb,after,repeat) do { ev_init ((ev), (cb)); ev_timer_set ((ev),(after),(repeat)); } while (0)
+#define ev_periodic_init(ev,cb,at,ival,res) do { ev_init ((ev), (cb)); ev_periodic_set ((ev),(at),(ival),(res)); } while (0)
+#define ev_signal_init(ev,cb,signum) do { ev_init ((ev), (cb)); ev_signal_set ((ev), (signum)); } while (0)
+#define ev_child_init(ev,cb,pid,trace) do { ev_init ((ev), (cb)); ev_child_set ((ev),(pid),(trace)); } while (0)
+#define ev_stat_init(ev,cb,path,interval) do { ev_init ((ev), (cb)); ev_stat_set ((ev),(path),(interval)); } while (0)
+#define ev_idle_init(ev,cb) do { ev_init ((ev), (cb)); ev_idle_set ((ev)); } while (0)
+#define ev_prepare_init(ev,cb) do { ev_init ((ev), (cb)); ev_prepare_set ((ev)); } while (0)
+#define ev_check_init(ev,cb) do { ev_init ((ev), (cb)); ev_check_set ((ev)); } while (0)
+#define ev_embed_init(ev,cb,other) do { ev_init ((ev), (cb)); ev_embed_set ((ev),(other)); } while (0)
+#define ev_fork_init(ev,cb) do { ev_init ((ev), (cb)); ev_fork_set ((ev)); } while (0)
+#define ev_async_init(ev,cb) do { ev_init ((ev), (cb)); ev_async_set ((ev)); } while (0)
+
+#define ev_is_pending(ev) (0 + ((ev_watcher *)(void *)(ev))->pending) /* ro, true when watcher is waiting for callback invocation */
+#define ev_is_active(ev) (0 + ((ev_watcher *)(void *)(ev))->active) /* ro, true when the watcher has been started */
+
+#define ev_priority(ev) ((((ev_watcher *)(void *)(ev))->priority) + 0)
+#define ev_cb(ev) (ev)->cb /* rw */
+#define ev_set_priority(ev,pri) ((ev_watcher *)(void *)(ev))->priority = (pri)
+
+#define ev_periodic_at(ev) (((ev_watcher_time *)(ev))->at + 0.)
+
+#ifndef ev_set_cb
+# define ev_set_cb(ev,cb_) ev_cb (ev) = (cb_)
+#endif
+
+/* stopping (enabling, adding) a watcher does nothing if it is already running */
+/* stopping (disabling, deleting) a watcher does nothing unless its already running */
+#if EV_PROTOTYPES
+
+/* feeds an event into a watcher as if the event actually occured */
+/* accepts any ev_watcher type */
+void ev_feed_event (EV_P_ void *w, int revents);
+void ev_feed_fd_event (EV_P_ int fd, int revents);
+void ev_feed_signal_event (EV_P_ int signum);
+void ev_invoke (EV_P_ void *w, int revents);
+int ev_clear_pending (EV_P_ void *w);
+
+void ev_io_start (EV_P_ ev_io *w);
+void ev_io_stop (EV_P_ ev_io *w);
+
+void ev_timer_start (EV_P_ ev_timer *w);
+void ev_timer_stop (EV_P_ ev_timer *w);
+/* stops if active and no repeat, restarts if active and repeating, starts if inactive and repeating */
+void ev_timer_again (EV_P_ ev_timer *w);
+
+#if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+void ev_periodic_start (EV_P_ ev_periodic *w);
+void ev_periodic_stop (EV_P_ ev_periodic *w);
+void ev_periodic_again (EV_P_ ev_periodic *w);
+#endif
+
+/* only supported in the default loop */
+void ev_signal_start (EV_P_ ev_signal *w);
+void ev_signal_stop (EV_P_ ev_signal *w);
+
+/* only supported in the default loop */
+void ev_child_start (EV_P_ ev_child *w);
+void ev_child_stop (EV_P_ ev_child *w);
+
+# if EV_STAT_ENABLE
+void ev_stat_start (EV_P_ ev_stat *w);
+void ev_stat_stop (EV_P_ ev_stat *w);
+void ev_stat_stat (EV_P_ ev_stat *w);
+# endif
+
+# if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
+void ev_idle_start (EV_P_ ev_idle *w);
+void ev_idle_stop (EV_P_ ev_idle *w);
+# endif
+
+void ev_prepare_start (EV_P_ ev_prepare *w);
+void ev_prepare_stop (EV_P_ ev_prepare *w);
+
+void ev_check_start (EV_P_ ev_check *w);
+void ev_check_stop (EV_P_ ev_check *w);
+
+# if EV_FORK_ENABLE
+void ev_fork_start (EV_P_ ev_fork *w);
+void ev_fork_stop (EV_P_ ev_fork *w);
+# endif
+
+# if EV_EMBED_ENABLE
+/* only supported when loop to be embedded is in fact embeddable */
+void ev_embed_start (EV_P_ ev_embed *w);
+void ev_embed_stop (EV_P_ ev_embed *w);
+void ev_embed_sweep (EV_P_ ev_embed *w);
+# endif
+
+# if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
+void ev_async_start (EV_P_ ev_async *w);
+void ev_async_stop (EV_P_ ev_async *w);
+void ev_async_send (EV_P_ ev_async *w);
+# endif
+
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
--- /dev/null
+=head1 NAME
+
+libev - a high performance full-featured event loop written in C
+
+=head1 SYNOPSIS
+
+ #include <ev.h>
+
+=head2 EXAMPLE PROGRAM
+
+ // a single header file is required
+ #include <ev.h>
+
+ #include <stdio.h> // for puts
+
+ // every watcher type has its own typedef'd struct
+ // with the name ev_TYPE
+ ev_io stdin_watcher;
+ ev_timer timeout_watcher;
+
+ // all watcher callbacks have a similar signature
+ // this callback is called when data is readable on stdin
+ static void
+ stdin_cb (EV_P_ ev_io *w, int revents)
+ {
+ puts ("stdin ready");
+ // for one-shot events, one must manually stop the watcher
+ // with its corresponding stop function.
+ ev_io_stop (EV_A_ w);
+
+ // this causes all nested ev_loop's to stop iterating
+ ev_unloop (EV_A_ EVUNLOOP_ALL);
+ }
+
+ // another callback, this time for a time-out
+ static void
+ timeout_cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents)
+ {
+ puts ("timeout");
+ // this causes the innermost ev_loop to stop iterating
+ ev_unloop (EV_A_ EVUNLOOP_ONE);
+ }
+
+ int
+ main (void)
+ {
+ // use the default event loop unless you have special needs
+ struct ev_loop *loop = ev_default_loop (0);
+
+ // initialise an io watcher, then start it
+ // this one will watch for stdin to become readable
+ ev_io_init (&stdin_watcher, stdin_cb, /*STDIN_FILENO*/ 0, EV_READ);
+ ev_io_start (loop, &stdin_watcher);
+
+ // initialise a timer watcher, then start it
+ // simple non-repeating 5.5 second timeout
+ ev_timer_init (&timeout_watcher, timeout_cb, 5.5, 0.);
+ ev_timer_start (loop, &timeout_watcher);
+
+ // now wait for events to arrive
+ ev_loop (loop, 0);
+
+ // unloop was called, so exit
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+=head1 DESCRIPTION
+
+The newest version of this document is also available as an html-formatted
+web page you might find easier to navigate when reading it for the first
+time: L<http://pod.tst.eu/http://cvs.schmorp.de/libev/ev.pod>.
+
+Libev is an event loop: you register interest in certain events (such as a
+file descriptor being readable or a timeout occurring), and it will manage
+these event sources and provide your program with events.
+
+To do this, it must take more or less complete control over your process
+(or thread) by executing the I<event loop> handler, and will then
+communicate events via a callback mechanism.
+
+You register interest in certain events by registering so-called I<event
+watchers>, which are relatively small C structures you initialise with the
+details of the event, and then hand it over to libev by I<starting> the
+watcher.
+
+=head2 FEATURES
+
+Libev supports C<select>, C<poll>, the Linux-specific C<epoll>, the
+BSD-specific C<kqueue> and the Solaris-specific event port mechanisms
+for file descriptor events (C<ev_io>), the Linux C<inotify> interface
+(for C<ev_stat>), relative timers (C<ev_timer>), absolute timers
+with customised rescheduling (C<ev_periodic>), synchronous signals
+(C<ev_signal>), process status change events (C<ev_child>), and event
+watchers dealing with the event loop mechanism itself (C<ev_idle>,
+C<ev_embed>, C<ev_prepare> and C<ev_check> watchers) as well as
+file watchers (C<ev_stat>) and even limited support for fork events
+(C<ev_fork>).
+
+It also is quite fast (see this
+L<benchmark|http://libev.schmorp.de/bench.html> comparing it to libevent
+for example).
+
+=head2 CONVENTIONS
+
+Libev is very configurable. In this manual the default (and most common)
+configuration will be described, which supports multiple event loops. For
+more info about various configuration options please have a look at
+B<EMBED> section in this manual. If libev was configured without support
+for multiple event loops, then all functions taking an initial argument of
+name C<loop> (which is always of type C<ev_loop *>) will not have
+this argument.
+
+=head2 TIME REPRESENTATION
+
+Libev represents time as a single floating point number, representing the
+(fractional) number of seconds since the (POSIX) epoch (somewhere near
+the beginning of 1970, details are complicated, don't ask). This type is
+called C<ev_tstamp>, which is what you should use too. It usually aliases
+to the C<double> type in C, and when you need to do any calculations on
+it, you should treat it as some floating point value. Unlike the name
+component C<stamp> might indicate, it is also used for time differences
+throughout libev.
+
+=head1 ERROR HANDLING
+
+Libev knows three classes of errors: operating system errors, usage errors
+and internal errors (bugs).
+
+When libev catches an operating system error it cannot handle (for example
+a system call indicating a condition libev cannot fix), it calls the callback
+set via C<ev_set_syserr_cb>, which is supposed to fix the problem or
+abort. The default is to print a diagnostic message and to call C<abort
+()>.
+
+When libev detects a usage error such as a negative timer interval, then
+it will print a diagnostic message and abort (via the C<assert> mechanism,
+so C<NDEBUG> will disable this checking): these are programming errors in
+the libev caller and need to be fixed there.
+
+Libev also has a few internal error-checking C<assert>ions, and also has
+extensive consistency checking code. These do not trigger under normal
+circumstances, as they indicate either a bug in libev or worse.
+
+
+=head1 GLOBAL FUNCTIONS
+
+These functions can be called anytime, even before initialising the
+library in any way.
+
+=over 4
+
+=item ev_tstamp ev_time ()
+
+Returns the current time as libev would use it. Please note that the
+C<ev_now> function is usually faster and also often returns the timestamp
+you actually want to know.
+
+=item ev_sleep (ev_tstamp interval)
+
+Sleep for the given interval: The current thread will be blocked until
+either it is interrupted or the given time interval has passed. Basically
+this is a sub-second-resolution C<sleep ()>.
+
+=item int ev_version_major ()
+
+=item int ev_version_minor ()
+
+You can find out the major and minor ABI version numbers of the library
+you linked against by calling the functions C<ev_version_major> and
+C<ev_version_minor>. If you want, you can compare against the global
+symbols C<EV_VERSION_MAJOR> and C<EV_VERSION_MINOR>, which specify the
+version of the library your program was compiled against.
+
+These version numbers refer to the ABI version of the library, not the
+release version.
+
+Usually, it's a good idea to terminate if the major versions mismatch,
+as this indicates an incompatible change. Minor versions are usually
+compatible to older versions, so a larger minor version alone is usually
+not a problem.
+
+Example: Make sure we haven't accidentally been linked against the wrong
+version.
+
+ assert (("libev version mismatch",
+ ev_version_major () == EV_VERSION_MAJOR
+ && ev_version_minor () >= EV_VERSION_MINOR));
+
+=item unsigned int ev_supported_backends ()
+
+Return the set of all backends (i.e. their corresponding C<EV_BACKEND_*>
+value) compiled into this binary of libev (independent of their
+availability on the system you are running on). See C<ev_default_loop> for
+a description of the set values.
+
+Example: make sure we have the epoll method, because yeah this is cool and
+a must have and can we have a torrent of it please!!!11
+
+ assert (("sorry, no epoll, no sex",
+ ev_supported_backends () & EVBACKEND_EPOLL));
+
+=item unsigned int ev_recommended_backends ()
+
+Return the set of all backends compiled into this binary of libev and also
+recommended for this platform. This set is often smaller than the one
+returned by C<ev_supported_backends>, as for example kqueue is broken on
+most BSDs and will not be auto-detected unless you explicitly request it
+(assuming you know what you are doing). This is the set of backends that
+libev will probe for if you specify no backends explicitly.
+
+=item unsigned int ev_embeddable_backends ()
+
+Returns the set of backends that are embeddable in other event loops. This
+is the theoretical, all-platform, value. To find which backends
+might be supported on the current system, you would need to look at
+C<ev_embeddable_backends () & ev_supported_backends ()>, likewise for
+recommended ones.
+
+See the description of C<ev_embed> watchers for more info.
+
+=item ev_set_allocator (void *(*cb)(void *ptr, long size)) [NOT REENTRANT]
+
+Sets the allocation function to use (the prototype is similar - the
+semantics are identical to the C<realloc> C89/SuS/POSIX function). It is
+used to allocate and free memory (no surprises here). If it returns zero
+when memory needs to be allocated (C<size != 0>), the library might abort
+or take some potentially destructive action.
+
+Since some systems (at least OpenBSD and Darwin) fail to implement
+correct C<realloc> semantics, libev will use a wrapper around the system
+C<realloc> and C<free> functions by default.
+
+You could override this function in high-availability programs to, say,
+free some memory if it cannot allocate memory, to use a special allocator,
+or even to sleep a while and retry until some memory is available.
+
+Example: Replace the libev allocator with one that waits a bit and then
+retries (example requires a standards-compliant C<realloc>).
+
+ static void *
+ persistent_realloc (void *ptr, size_t size)
+ {
+ for (;;)
+ {
+ void *newptr = realloc (ptr, size);
+
+ if (newptr)
+ return newptr;
+
+ sleep (60);
+ }
+ }
+
+ ...
+ ev_set_allocator (persistent_realloc);
+
+=item ev_set_syserr_cb (void (*cb)(const char *msg)); [NOT REENTRANT]
+
+Set the callback function to call on a retryable system call error (such
+as failed select, poll, epoll_wait). The message is a printable string
+indicating the system call or subsystem causing the problem. If this
+callback is set, then libev will expect it to remedy the situation, no
+matter what, when it returns. That is, libev will generally retry the
+requested operation, or, if the condition doesn't go away, do bad stuff
+(such as abort).
+
+Example: This is basically the same thing that libev does internally, too.
+
+ static void
+ fatal_error (const char *msg)
+ {
+ perror (msg);
+ abort ();
+ }
+
+ ...
+ ev_set_syserr_cb (fatal_error);
+
+=back
+
+=head1 FUNCTIONS CONTROLLING THE EVENT LOOP
+
+An event loop is described by a C<struct ev_loop *> (the C<struct>
+is I<not> optional in this case, as there is also an C<ev_loop>
+I<function>).
+
+The library knows two types of such loops, the I<default> loop, which
+supports signals and child events, and dynamically created loops which do
+not.
+
+=over 4
+
+=item struct ev_loop *ev_default_loop (unsigned int flags)
+
+This will initialise the default event loop if it hasn't been initialised
+yet and return it. If the default loop could not be initialised, returns
+false. If it already was initialised it simply returns it (and ignores the
+flags. If that is troubling you, check C<ev_backend ()> afterwards).
+
+If you don't know what event loop to use, use the one returned from this
+function.
+
+Note that this function is I<not> thread-safe, so if you want to use it
+from multiple threads, you have to lock (note also that this is unlikely,
+as loops cannot be shared easily between threads anyway).
+
+The default loop is the only loop that can handle C<ev_signal> and
+C<ev_child> watchers, and to do this, it always registers a handler
+for C<SIGCHLD>. If this is a problem for your application you can either
+create a dynamic loop with C<ev_loop_new> that doesn't do that, or you
+can simply overwrite the C<SIGCHLD> signal handler I<after> calling
+C<ev_default_init>.
+
+The flags argument can be used to specify special behaviour or specific
+backends to use, and is usually specified as C<0> (or C<EVFLAG_AUTO>).
+
+The following flags are supported:
+
+=over 4
+
+=item C<EVFLAG_AUTO>
+
+The default flags value. Use this if you have no clue (it's the right
+thing, believe me).
+
+=item C<EVFLAG_NOENV>
+
+If this flag bit is or'ed into the flag value (or the program runs setuid
+or setgid) then libev will I<not> look at the environment variable
+C<LIBEV_FLAGS>. Otherwise (the default), this environment variable will
+override the flags completely if it is found in the environment. This is
+useful to try out specific backends to test their performance, or to work
+around bugs.
+
+=item C<EVFLAG_FORKCHECK>
+
+Instead of calling C<ev_default_fork> or C<ev_loop_fork> manually after
+a fork, you can also make libev check for a fork in each iteration by
+enabling this flag.
+
+This works by calling C<getpid ()> on every iteration of the loop,
+and thus this might slow down your event loop if you do a lot of loop
+iterations and little real work, but is usually not noticeable (on my
+GNU/Linux system for example, C<getpid> is actually a simple 5-insn sequence
+without a system call and thus I<very> fast, but my GNU/Linux system also has
+C<pthread_atfork> which is even faster).
+
+The big advantage of this flag is that you can forget about fork (and
+forget about forgetting to tell libev about forking) when you use this
+flag.
+
+This flag setting cannot be overridden or specified in the C<LIBEV_FLAGS>
+environment variable.
+
+=item C<EVBACKEND_SELECT> (value 1, portable select backend)
+
+This is your standard select(2) backend. Not I<completely> standard, as
+libev tries to roll its own fd_set with no limits on the number of fds,
+but if that fails, expect a fairly low limit on the number of fds when
+using this backend. It doesn't scale too well (O(highest_fd)), but its
+usually the fastest backend for a low number of (low-numbered :) fds.
+
+To get good performance out of this backend you need a high amount of
+parallelism (most of the file descriptors should be busy). If you are
+writing a server, you should C<accept ()> in a loop to accept as many
+connections as possible during one iteration. You might also want to have
+a look at C<ev_set_io_collect_interval ()> to increase the amount of
+readiness notifications you get per iteration.
+
+This backend maps C<EV_READ> to the C<readfds> set and C<EV_WRITE> to the
+C<writefds> set (and to work around Microsoft Windows bugs, also onto the
+C<exceptfds> set on that platform).
+
+=item C<EVBACKEND_POLL> (value 2, poll backend, available everywhere except on windows)
+
+And this is your standard poll(2) backend. It's more complicated
+than select, but handles sparse fds better and has no artificial
+limit on the number of fds you can use (except it will slow down
+considerably with a lot of inactive fds). It scales similarly to select,
+i.e. O(total_fds). See the entry for C<EVBACKEND_SELECT>, above, for
+performance tips.
+
+This backend maps C<EV_READ> to C<POLLIN | POLLERR | POLLHUP>, and
+C<EV_WRITE> to C<POLLOUT | POLLERR | POLLHUP>.
+
+=item C<EVBACKEND_EPOLL> (value 4, Linux)
+
+For few fds, this backend is a bit little slower than poll and select,
+but it scales phenomenally better. While poll and select usually scale
+like O(total_fds) where n is the total number of fds (or the highest fd),
+epoll scales either O(1) or O(active_fds).
+
+The epoll mechanism deserves honorable mention as the most misdesigned
+of the more advanced event mechanisms: mere annoyances include silently
+dropping file descriptors, requiring a system call per change per file
+descriptor (and unnecessary guessing of parameters), problems with dup and
+so on. The biggest issue is fork races, however - if a program forks then
+I<both> parent and child process have to recreate the epoll set, which can
+take considerable time (one syscall per file descriptor) and is of course
+hard to detect.
+
+Epoll is also notoriously buggy - embedding epoll fds I<should> work, but
+of course I<doesn't>, and epoll just loves to report events for totally
+I<different> file descriptors (even already closed ones, so one cannot
+even remove them from the set) than registered in the set (especially
+on SMP systems). Libev tries to counter these spurious notifications by
+employing an additional generation counter and comparing that against the
+events to filter out spurious ones, recreating the set when required.
+
+While stopping, setting and starting an I/O watcher in the same iteration
+will result in some caching, there is still a system call per such
+incident (because the same I<file descriptor> could point to a different
+I<file description> now), so its best to avoid that. Also, C<dup ()>'ed
+file descriptors might not work very well if you register events for both
+file descriptors.
+
+Best performance from this backend is achieved by not unregistering all
+watchers for a file descriptor until it has been closed, if possible,
+i.e. keep at least one watcher active per fd at all times. Stopping and
+starting a watcher (without re-setting it) also usually doesn't cause
+extra overhead. A fork can both result in spurious notifications as well
+as in libev having to destroy and recreate the epoll object, which can
+take considerable time and thus should be avoided.
+
+All this means that, in practice, C<EVBACKEND_SELECT> can be as fast or
+faster than epoll for maybe up to a hundred file descriptors, depending on
+the usage. So sad.
+
+While nominally embeddable in other event loops, this feature is broken in
+all kernel versions tested so far.
+
+This backend maps C<EV_READ> and C<EV_WRITE> in the same way as
+C<EVBACKEND_POLL>.
+
+=item C<EVBACKEND_KQUEUE> (value 8, most BSD clones)
+
+Kqueue deserves special mention, as at the time of this writing, it
+was broken on all BSDs except NetBSD (usually it doesn't work reliably
+with anything but sockets and pipes, except on Darwin, where of course
+it's completely useless). Unlike epoll, however, whose brokenness
+is by design, these kqueue bugs can (and eventually will) be fixed
+without API changes to existing programs. For this reason it's not being
+"auto-detected" unless you explicitly specify it in the flags (i.e. using
+C<EVBACKEND_KQUEUE>) or libev was compiled on a known-to-be-good (-enough)
+system like NetBSD.
+
+You still can embed kqueue into a normal poll or select backend and use it
+only for sockets (after having made sure that sockets work with kqueue on
+the target platform). See C<ev_embed> watchers for more info.
+
+It scales in the same way as the epoll backend, but the interface to the
+kernel is more efficient (which says nothing about its actual speed, of
+course). While stopping, setting and starting an I/O watcher does never
+cause an extra system call as with C<EVBACKEND_EPOLL>, it still adds up to
+two event changes per incident. Support for C<fork ()> is very bad (but
+sane, unlike epoll) and it drops fds silently in similarly hard-to-detect
+cases
+
+This backend usually performs well under most conditions.
+
+While nominally embeddable in other event loops, this doesn't work
+everywhere, so you might need to test for this. And since it is broken
+almost everywhere, you should only use it when you have a lot of sockets
+(for which it usually works), by embedding it into another event loop
+(e.g. C<EVBACKEND_SELECT> or C<EVBACKEND_POLL> (but C<poll> is of course
+also broken on OS X)) and, did I mention it, using it only for sockets.
+
+This backend maps C<EV_READ> into an C<EVFILT_READ> kevent with
+C<NOTE_EOF>, and C<EV_WRITE> into an C<EVFILT_WRITE> kevent with
+C<NOTE_EOF>.
+
+=item C<EVBACKEND_DEVPOLL> (value 16, Solaris 8)
+
+This is not implemented yet (and might never be, unless you send me an
+implementation). According to reports, C</dev/poll> only supports sockets
+and is not embeddable, which would limit the usefulness of this backend
+immensely.
+
+=item C<EVBACKEND_PORT> (value 32, Solaris 10)
+
+This uses the Solaris 10 event port mechanism. As with everything on Solaris,
+it's really slow, but it still scales very well (O(active_fds)).
+
+Please note that Solaris event ports can deliver a lot of spurious
+notifications, so you need to use non-blocking I/O or other means to avoid
+blocking when no data (or space) is available.
+
+While this backend scales well, it requires one system call per active
+file descriptor per loop iteration. For small and medium numbers of file
+descriptors a "slow" C<EVBACKEND_SELECT> or C<EVBACKEND_POLL> backend
+might perform better.
+
+On the positive side, with the exception of the spurious readiness
+notifications, this backend actually performed fully to specification
+in all tests and is fully embeddable, which is a rare feat among the
+OS-specific backends (I vastly prefer correctness over speed hacks).
+
+This backend maps C<EV_READ> and C<EV_WRITE> in the same way as
+C<EVBACKEND_POLL>.
+
+=item C<EVBACKEND_ALL>
+
+Try all backends (even potentially broken ones that wouldn't be tried
+with C<EVFLAG_AUTO>). Since this is a mask, you can do stuff such as
+C<EVBACKEND_ALL & ~EVBACKEND_KQUEUE>.
+
+It is definitely not recommended to use this flag.
+
+=back
+
+If one or more of these are or'ed into the flags value, then only these
+backends will be tried (in the reverse order as listed here). If none are
+specified, all backends in C<ev_recommended_backends ()> will be tried.
+
+Example: This is the most typical usage.
+
+ if (!ev_default_loop (0))
+ fatal ("could not initialise libev, bad $LIBEV_FLAGS in environment?");
+
+Example: Restrict libev to the select and poll backends, and do not allow
+environment settings to be taken into account:
+
+ ev_default_loop (EVBACKEND_POLL | EVBACKEND_SELECT | EVFLAG_NOENV);
+
+Example: Use whatever libev has to offer, but make sure that kqueue is
+used if available (warning, breaks stuff, best use only with your own
+private event loop and only if you know the OS supports your types of
+fds):
+
+ ev_default_loop (ev_recommended_backends () | EVBACKEND_KQUEUE);
+
+=item struct ev_loop *ev_loop_new (unsigned int flags)
+
+Similar to C<ev_default_loop>, but always creates a new event loop that is
+always distinct from the default loop. Unlike the default loop, it cannot
+handle signal and child watchers, and attempts to do so will be greeted by
+undefined behaviour (or a failed assertion if assertions are enabled).
+
+Note that this function I<is> thread-safe, and the recommended way to use
+libev with threads is indeed to create one loop per thread, and using the
+default loop in the "main" or "initial" thread.
+
+Example: Try to create a event loop that uses epoll and nothing else.
+
+ struct ev_loop *epoller = ev_loop_new (EVBACKEND_EPOLL | EVFLAG_NOENV);
+ if (!epoller)
+ fatal ("no epoll found here, maybe it hides under your chair");
+
+=item ev_default_destroy ()
+
+Destroys the default loop again (frees all memory and kernel state
+etc.). None of the active event watchers will be stopped in the normal
+sense, so e.g. C<ev_is_active> might still return true. It is your
+responsibility to either stop all watchers cleanly yourself I<before>
+calling this function, or cope with the fact afterwards (which is usually
+the easiest thing, you can just ignore the watchers and/or C<free ()> them
+for example).
+
+Note that certain global state, such as signal state (and installed signal
+handlers), will not be freed by this function, and related watchers (such
+as signal and child watchers) would need to be stopped manually.
+
+In general it is not advisable to call this function except in the
+rare occasion where you really need to free e.g. the signal handling
+pipe fds. If you need dynamically allocated loops it is better to use
+C<ev_loop_new> and C<ev_loop_destroy>).
+
+=item ev_loop_destroy (loop)
+
+Like C<ev_default_destroy>, but destroys an event loop created by an
+earlier call to C<ev_loop_new>.
+
+=item ev_default_fork ()
+
+This function sets a flag that causes subsequent C<ev_loop> iterations
+to reinitialise the kernel state for backends that have one. Despite the
+name, you can call it anytime, but it makes most sense after forking, in
+the child process (or both child and parent, but that again makes little
+sense). You I<must> call it in the child before using any of the libev
+functions, and it will only take effect at the next C<ev_loop> iteration.
+
+On the other hand, you only need to call this function in the child
+process if and only if you want to use the event library in the child. If
+you just fork+exec, you don't have to call it at all.
+
+The function itself is quite fast and it's usually not a problem to call
+it just in case after a fork. To make this easy, the function will fit in
+quite nicely into a call to C<pthread_atfork>:
+
+ pthread_atfork (0, 0, ev_default_fork);
+
+=item ev_loop_fork (loop)
+
+Like C<ev_default_fork>, but acts on an event loop created by
+C<ev_loop_new>. Yes, you have to call this on every allocated event loop
+after fork that you want to re-use in the child, and how you do this is
+entirely your own problem.
+
+=item int ev_is_default_loop (loop)
+
+Returns true when the given loop is, in fact, the default loop, and false
+otherwise.
+
+=item unsigned int ev_loop_count (loop)
+
+Returns the count of loop iterations for the loop, which is identical to
+the number of times libev did poll for new events. It starts at C<0> and
+happily wraps around with enough iterations.
+
+This value can sometimes be useful as a generation counter of sorts (it
+"ticks" the number of loop iterations), as it roughly corresponds with
+C<ev_prepare> and C<ev_check> calls.
+
+=item unsigned int ev_backend (loop)
+
+Returns one of the C<EVBACKEND_*> flags indicating the event backend in
+use.
+
+=item ev_tstamp ev_now (loop)
+
+Returns the current "event loop time", which is the time the event loop
+received events and started processing them. This timestamp does not
+change as long as callbacks are being processed, and this is also the base
+time used for relative timers. You can treat it as the timestamp of the
+event occurring (or more correctly, libev finding out about it).
+
+=item ev_now_update (loop)
+
+Establishes the current time by querying the kernel, updating the time
+returned by C<ev_now ()> in the progress. This is a costly operation and
+is usually done automatically within C<ev_loop ()>.
+
+This function is rarely useful, but when some event callback runs for a
+very long time without entering the event loop, updating libev's idea of
+the current time is a good idea.
+
+See also "The special problem of time updates" in the C<ev_timer> section.
+
+=item ev_loop (loop, int flags)
+
+Finally, this is it, the event handler. This function usually is called
+after you initialised all your watchers and you want to start handling
+events.
+
+If the flags argument is specified as C<0>, it will not return until
+either no event watchers are active anymore or C<ev_unloop> was called.
+
+Please note that an explicit C<ev_unloop> is usually better than
+relying on all watchers to be stopped when deciding when a program has
+finished (especially in interactive programs), but having a program
+that automatically loops as long as it has to and no longer by virtue
+of relying on its watchers stopping correctly, that is truly a thing of
+beauty.
+
+A flags value of C<EVLOOP_NONBLOCK> will look for new events, will handle
+those events and any already outstanding ones, but will not block your
+process in case there are no events and will return after one iteration of
+the loop.
+
+A flags value of C<EVLOOP_ONESHOT> will look for new events (waiting if
+necessary) and will handle those and any already outstanding ones. It
+will block your process until at least one new event arrives (which could
+be an event internal to libev itself, so there is no guarantee that a
+user-registered callback will be called), and will return after one
+iteration of the loop.
+
+This is useful if you are waiting for some external event in conjunction
+with something not expressible using other libev watchers (i.e. "roll your
+own C<ev_loop>"). However, a pair of C<ev_prepare>/C<ev_check> watchers is
+usually a better approach for this kind of thing.
+
+Here are the gory details of what C<ev_loop> does:
+
+ - Before the first iteration, call any pending watchers.
+ * If EVFLAG_FORKCHECK was used, check for a fork.
+ - If a fork was detected (by any means), queue and call all fork watchers.
+ - Queue and call all prepare watchers.
+ - If we have been forked, detach and recreate the kernel state
+ as to not disturb the other process.
+ - Update the kernel state with all outstanding changes.
+ - Update the "event loop time" (ev_now ()).
+ - Calculate for how long to sleep or block, if at all
+ (active idle watchers, EVLOOP_NONBLOCK or not having
+ any active watchers at all will result in not sleeping).
+ - Sleep if the I/O and timer collect interval say so.
+ - Block the process, waiting for any events.
+ - Queue all outstanding I/O (fd) events.
+ - Update the "event loop time" (ev_now ()), and do time jump adjustments.
+ - Queue all expired timers.
+ - Queue all expired periodics.
+ - Unless any events are pending now, queue all idle watchers.
+ - Queue all check watchers.
+ - Call all queued watchers in reverse order (i.e. check watchers first).
+ Signals and child watchers are implemented as I/O watchers, and will
+ be handled here by queueing them when their watcher gets executed.
+ - If ev_unloop has been called, or EVLOOP_ONESHOT or EVLOOP_NONBLOCK
+ were used, or there are no active watchers, return, otherwise
+ continue with step *.
+
+Example: Queue some jobs and then loop until no events are outstanding
+anymore.
+
+ ... queue jobs here, make sure they register event watchers as long
+ ... as they still have work to do (even an idle watcher will do..)
+ ev_loop (my_loop, 0);
+ ... jobs done or somebody called unloop. yeah!
+
+=item ev_unloop (loop, how)
+
+Can be used to make a call to C<ev_loop> return early (but only after it
+has processed all outstanding events). The C<how> argument must be either
+C<EVUNLOOP_ONE>, which will make the innermost C<ev_loop> call return, or
+C<EVUNLOOP_ALL>, which will make all nested C<ev_loop> calls return.
+
+This "unloop state" will be cleared when entering C<ev_loop> again.
+
+It is safe to call C<ev_unloop> from otuside any C<ev_loop> calls.
+
+=item ev_ref (loop)
+
+=item ev_unref (loop)
+
+Ref/unref can be used to add or remove a reference count on the event
+loop: Every watcher keeps one reference, and as long as the reference
+count is nonzero, C<ev_loop> will not return on its own.
+
+If you have a watcher you never unregister that should not keep C<ev_loop>
+from returning, call ev_unref() after starting, and ev_ref() before
+stopping it.
+
+As an example, libev itself uses this for its internal signal pipe: It is
+not visible to the libev user and should not keep C<ev_loop> from exiting
+if no event watchers registered by it are active. It is also an excellent
+way to do this for generic recurring timers or from within third-party
+libraries. Just remember to I<unref after start> and I<ref before stop>
+(but only if the watcher wasn't active before, or was active before,
+respectively).
+
+Example: Create a signal watcher, but keep it from keeping C<ev_loop>
+running when nothing else is active.
+
+ ev_signal exitsig;
+ ev_signal_init (&exitsig, sig_cb, SIGINT);
+ ev_signal_start (loop, &exitsig);
+ evf_unref (loop);
+
+Example: For some weird reason, unregister the above signal handler again.
+
+ ev_ref (loop);
+ ev_signal_stop (loop, &exitsig);
+
+=item ev_set_io_collect_interval (loop, ev_tstamp interval)
+
+=item ev_set_timeout_collect_interval (loop, ev_tstamp interval)
+
+These advanced functions influence the time that libev will spend waiting
+for events. Both time intervals are by default C<0>, meaning that libev
+will try to invoke timer/periodic callbacks and I/O callbacks with minimum
+latency.
+
+Setting these to a higher value (the C<interval> I<must> be >= C<0>)
+allows libev to delay invocation of I/O and timer/periodic callbacks
+to increase efficiency of loop iterations (or to increase power-saving
+opportunities).
+
+The idea is that sometimes your program runs just fast enough to handle
+one (or very few) event(s) per loop iteration. While this makes the
+program responsive, it also wastes a lot of CPU time to poll for new
+events, especially with backends like C<select ()> which have a high
+overhead for the actual polling but can deliver many events at once.
+
+By setting a higher I<io collect interval> you allow libev to spend more
+time collecting I/O events, so you can handle more events per iteration,
+at the cost of increasing latency. Timeouts (both C<ev_periodic> and
+C<ev_timer>) will be not affected. Setting this to a non-null value will
+introduce an additional C<ev_sleep ()> call into most loop iterations.
+
+Likewise, by setting a higher I<timeout collect interval> you allow libev
+to spend more time collecting timeouts, at the expense of increased
+latency/jitter/inexactness (the watcher callback will be called
+later). C<ev_io> watchers will not be affected. Setting this to a non-null
+value will not introduce any overhead in libev.
+
+Many (busy) programs can usually benefit by setting the I/O collect
+interval to a value near C<0.1> or so, which is often enough for
+interactive servers (of course not for games), likewise for timeouts. It
+usually doesn't make much sense to set it to a lower value than C<0.01>,
+as this approaches the timing granularity of most systems.
+
+Setting the I<timeout collect interval> can improve the opportunity for
+saving power, as the program will "bundle" timer callback invocations that
+are "near" in time together, by delaying some, thus reducing the number of
+times the process sleeps and wakes up again. Another useful technique to
+reduce iterations/wake-ups is to use C<ev_periodic> watchers and make sure
+they fire on, say, one-second boundaries only.
+
+=item ev_loop_verify (loop)
+
+This function only does something when C<EV_VERIFY> support has been
+compiled in, which is the default for non-minimal builds. It tries to go
+through all internal structures and checks them for validity. If anything
+is found to be inconsistent, it will print an error message to standard
+error and call C<abort ()>.
+
+This can be used to catch bugs inside libev itself: under normal
+circumstances, this function will never abort as of course libev keeps its
+data structures consistent.
+
+=back
+
+
+=head1 ANATOMY OF A WATCHER
+
+In the following description, uppercase C<TYPE> in names stands for the
+watcher type, e.g. C<ev_TYPE_start> can mean C<ev_timer_start> for timer
+watchers and C<ev_io_start> for I/O watchers.
+
+A watcher is a structure that you create and register to record your
+interest in some event. For instance, if you want to wait for STDIN to
+become readable, you would create an C<ev_io> watcher for that:
+
+ static void my_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, ev_io *w, int revents)
+ {
+ ev_io_stop (w);
+ ev_unloop (loop, EVUNLOOP_ALL);
+ }
+
+ struct ev_loop *loop = ev_default_loop (0);
+
+ ev_io stdin_watcher;
+
+ ev_init (&stdin_watcher, my_cb);
+ ev_io_set (&stdin_watcher, STDIN_FILENO, EV_READ);
+ ev_io_start (loop, &stdin_watcher);
+
+ ev_loop (loop, 0);
+
+As you can see, you are responsible for allocating the memory for your
+watcher structures (and it is I<usually> a bad idea to do this on the
+stack).
+
+Each watcher has an associated watcher structure (called C<struct ev_TYPE>
+or simply C<ev_TYPE>, as typedefs are provided for all watcher structs).
+
+Each watcher structure must be initialised by a call to C<ev_init
+(watcher *, callback)>, which expects a callback to be provided. This
+callback gets invoked each time the event occurs (or, in the case of I/O
+watchers, each time the event loop detects that the file descriptor given
+is readable and/or writable).
+
+Each watcher type further has its own C<< ev_TYPE_set (watcher *, ...) >>
+macro to configure it, with arguments specific to the watcher type. There
+is also a macro to combine initialisation and setting in one call: C<<
+ev_TYPE_init (watcher *, callback, ...) >>.
+
+To make the watcher actually watch out for events, you have to start it
+with a watcher-specific start function (C<< ev_TYPE_start (loop, watcher
+*) >>), and you can stop watching for events at any time by calling the
+corresponding stop function (C<< ev_TYPE_stop (loop, watcher *) >>.
+
+As long as your watcher is active (has been started but not stopped) you
+must not touch the values stored in it. Most specifically you must never
+reinitialise it or call its C<ev_TYPE_set> macro.
+
+Each and every callback receives the event loop pointer as first, the
+registered watcher structure as second, and a bitset of received events as
+third argument.
+
+The received events usually include a single bit per event type received
+(you can receive multiple events at the same time). The possible bit masks
+are:
+
+=over 4
+
+=item C<EV_READ>
+
+=item C<EV_WRITE>
+
+The file descriptor in the C<ev_io> watcher has become readable and/or
+writable.
+
+=item C<EV_TIMEOUT>
+
+The C<ev_timer> watcher has timed out.
+
+=item C<EV_PERIODIC>
+
+The C<ev_periodic> watcher has timed out.
+
+=item C<EV_SIGNAL>
+
+The signal specified in the C<ev_signal> watcher has been received by a thread.
+
+=item C<EV_CHILD>
+
+The pid specified in the C<ev_child> watcher has received a status change.
+
+=item C<EV_STAT>
+
+The path specified in the C<ev_stat> watcher changed its attributes somehow.
+
+=item C<EV_IDLE>
+
+The C<ev_idle> watcher has determined that you have nothing better to do.
+
+=item C<EV_PREPARE>
+
+=item C<EV_CHECK>
+
+All C<ev_prepare> watchers are invoked just I<before> C<ev_loop> starts
+to gather new events, and all C<ev_check> watchers are invoked just after
+C<ev_loop> has gathered them, but before it invokes any callbacks for any
+received events. Callbacks of both watcher types can start and stop as
+many watchers as they want, and all of them will be taken into account
+(for example, a C<ev_prepare> watcher might start an idle watcher to keep
+C<ev_loop> from blocking).
+
+=item C<EV_EMBED>
+
+The embedded event loop specified in the C<ev_embed> watcher needs attention.
+
+=item C<EV_FORK>
+
+The event loop has been resumed in the child process after fork (see
+C<ev_fork>).
+
+=item C<EV_ASYNC>
+
+The given async watcher has been asynchronously notified (see C<ev_async>).
+
+=item C<EV_ERROR>
+
+An unspecified error has occurred, the watcher has been stopped. This might
+happen because the watcher could not be properly started because libev
+ran out of memory, a file descriptor was found to be closed or any other
+problem. Libev considers these application bugs.
+
+You best act on it by reporting the problem and somehow coping with the
+watcher being stopped. Note that well-written programs should not receive
+an error ever, so when your watcher receives it, this usually indicates a
+bug in your program.
+
+Libev will usually signal a few "dummy" events together with an error, for
+example it might indicate that a fd is readable or writable, and if your
+callbacks is well-written it can just attempt the operation and cope with
+the error from read() or write(). This will not work in multi-threaded
+programs, though, as the fd could already be closed and reused for another
+thing, so beware.
+
+=back
+
+=head2 GENERIC WATCHER FUNCTIONS
+
+=over 4
+
+=item C<ev_init> (ev_TYPE *watcher, callback)
+
+This macro initialises the generic portion of a watcher. The contents
+of the watcher object can be arbitrary (so C<malloc> will do). Only
+the generic parts of the watcher are initialised, you I<need> to call
+the type-specific C<ev_TYPE_set> macro afterwards to initialise the
+type-specific parts. For each type there is also a C<ev_TYPE_init> macro
+which rolls both calls into one.
+
+You can reinitialise a watcher at any time as long as it has been stopped
+(or never started) and there are no pending events outstanding.
+
+The callback is always of type C<void (*)(struct ev_loop *loop, ev_TYPE *watcher,
+int revents)>.
+
+Example: Initialise an C<ev_io> watcher in two steps.
+
+ ev_io w;
+ ev_init (&w, my_cb);
+ ev_io_set (&w, STDIN_FILENO, EV_READ);
+
+=item C<ev_TYPE_set> (ev_TYPE *, [args])
+
+This macro initialises the type-specific parts of a watcher. You need to
+call C<ev_init> at least once before you call this macro, but you can
+call C<ev_TYPE_set> any number of times. You must not, however, call this
+macro on a watcher that is active (it can be pending, however, which is a
+difference to the C<ev_init> macro).
+
+Although some watcher types do not have type-specific arguments
+(e.g. C<ev_prepare>) you still need to call its C<set> macro.
+
+See C<ev_init>, above, for an example.
+
+=item C<ev_TYPE_init> (ev_TYPE *watcher, callback, [args])
+
+This convenience macro rolls both C<ev_init> and C<ev_TYPE_set> macro
+calls into a single call. This is the most convenient method to initialise
+a watcher. The same limitations apply, of course.
+
+Example: Initialise and set an C<ev_io> watcher in one step.
+
+ ev_io_init (&w, my_cb, STDIN_FILENO, EV_READ);
+
+=item C<ev_TYPE_start> (loop *, ev_TYPE *watcher)
+
+Starts (activates) the given watcher. Only active watchers will receive
+events. If the watcher is already active nothing will happen.
+
+Example: Start the C<ev_io> watcher that is being abused as example in this
+whole section.
+
+ ev_io_start (EV_DEFAULT_UC, &w);
+
+=item C<ev_TYPE_stop> (loop *, ev_TYPE *watcher)
+
+Stops the given watcher if active, and clears the pending status (whether
+the watcher was active or not).
+
+It is possible that stopped watchers are pending - for example,
+non-repeating timers are being stopped when they become pending - but
+calling C<ev_TYPE_stop> ensures that the watcher is neither active nor
+pending. If you want to free or reuse the memory used by the watcher it is
+therefore a good idea to always call its C<ev_TYPE_stop> function.
+
+=item bool ev_is_active (ev_TYPE *watcher)
+
+Returns a true value iff the watcher is active (i.e. it has been started
+and not yet been stopped). As long as a watcher is active you must not modify
+it.
+
+=item bool ev_is_pending (ev_TYPE *watcher)
+
+Returns a true value iff the watcher is pending, (i.e. it has outstanding
+events but its callback has not yet been invoked). As long as a watcher
+is pending (but not active) you must not call an init function on it (but
+C<ev_TYPE_set> is safe), you must not change its priority, and you must
+make sure the watcher is available to libev (e.g. you cannot C<free ()>
+it).
+
+=item callback ev_cb (ev_TYPE *watcher)
+
+Returns the callback currently set on the watcher.
+
+=item ev_cb_set (ev_TYPE *watcher, callback)
+
+Change the callback. You can change the callback at virtually any time
+(modulo threads).
+
+=item ev_set_priority (ev_TYPE *watcher, priority)
+
+=item int ev_priority (ev_TYPE *watcher)
+
+Set and query the priority of the watcher. The priority is a small
+integer between C<EV_MAXPRI> (default: C<2>) and C<EV_MINPRI>
+(default: C<-2>). Pending watchers with higher priority will be invoked
+before watchers with lower priority, but priority will not keep watchers
+from being executed (except for C<ev_idle> watchers).
+
+This means that priorities are I<only> used for ordering callback
+invocation after new events have been received. This is useful, for
+example, to reduce latency after idling, or more often, to bind two
+watchers on the same event and make sure one is called first.
+
+If you need to suppress invocation when higher priority events are pending
+you need to look at C<ev_idle> watchers, which provide this functionality.
+
+You I<must not> change the priority of a watcher as long as it is active or
+pending.
+
+The default priority used by watchers when no priority has been set is
+always C<0>, which is supposed to not be too high and not be too low :).
+
+Setting a priority outside the range of C<EV_MINPRI> to C<EV_MAXPRI> is
+fine, as long as you do not mind that the priority value you query might
+or might not have been clamped to the valid range.
+
+=item ev_invoke (loop, ev_TYPE *watcher, int revents)
+
+Invoke the C<watcher> with the given C<loop> and C<revents>. Neither
+C<loop> nor C<revents> need to be valid as long as the watcher callback
+can deal with that fact, as both are simply passed through to the
+callback.
+
+=item int ev_clear_pending (loop, ev_TYPE *watcher)
+
+If the watcher is pending, this function clears its pending status and
+returns its C<revents> bitset (as if its callback was invoked). If the
+watcher isn't pending it does nothing and returns C<0>.
+
+Sometimes it can be useful to "poll" a watcher instead of waiting for its
+callback to be invoked, which can be accomplished with this function.
+
+=back
+
+
+=head2 ASSOCIATING CUSTOM DATA WITH A WATCHER
+
+Each watcher has, by default, a member C<void *data> that you can change
+and read at any time: libev will completely ignore it. This can be used
+to associate arbitrary data with your watcher. If you need more data and
+don't want to allocate memory and store a pointer to it in that data
+member, you can also "subclass" the watcher type and provide your own
+data:
+
+ struct my_io
+ {
+ ev_io io;
+ int otherfd;
+ void *somedata;
+ struct whatever *mostinteresting;
+ };
+
+ ...
+ struct my_io w;
+ ev_io_init (&w.io, my_cb, fd, EV_READ);
+
+And since your callback will be called with a pointer to the watcher, you
+can cast it back to your own type:
+
+ static void my_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, ev_io *w_, int revents)
+ {
+ struct my_io *w = (struct my_io *)w_;
+ ...
+ }
+
+More interesting and less C-conformant ways of casting your callback type
+instead have been omitted.
+
+Another common scenario is to use some data structure with multiple
+embedded watchers:
+
+ struct my_biggy
+ {
+ int some_data;
+ ev_timer t1;
+ ev_timer t2;
+ }
+
+In this case getting the pointer to C<my_biggy> is a bit more
+complicated: Either you store the address of your C<my_biggy> struct
+in the C<data> member of the watcher (for woozies), or you need to use
+some pointer arithmetic using C<offsetof> inside your watchers (for real
+programmers):
+
+ #include <stddef.h>
+
+ static void
+ t1_cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents)
+ {
+ struct my_biggy big = (struct my_biggy *
+ (((char *)w) - offsetof (struct my_biggy, t1));
+ }
+
+ static void
+ t2_cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents)
+ {
+ struct my_biggy big = (struct my_biggy *
+ (((char *)w) - offsetof (struct my_biggy, t2));
+ }
+
+
+=head1 WATCHER TYPES
+
+This section describes each watcher in detail, but will not repeat
+information given in the last section. Any initialisation/set macros,
+functions and members specific to the watcher type are explained.
+
+Members are additionally marked with either I<[read-only]>, meaning that,
+while the watcher is active, you can look at the member and expect some
+sensible content, but you must not modify it (you can modify it while the
+watcher is stopped to your hearts content), or I<[read-write]>, which
+means you can expect it to have some sensible content while the watcher
+is active, but you can also modify it. Modifying it may not do something
+sensible or take immediate effect (or do anything at all), but libev will
+not crash or malfunction in any way.
+
+
+=head2 C<ev_io> - is this file descriptor readable or writable?
+
+I/O watchers check whether a file descriptor is readable or writable
+in each iteration of the event loop, or, more precisely, when reading
+would not block the process and writing would at least be able to write
+some data. This behaviour is called level-triggering because you keep
+receiving events as long as the condition persists. Remember you can stop
+the watcher if you don't want to act on the event and neither want to
+receive future events.
+
+In general you can register as many read and/or write event watchers per
+fd as you want (as long as you don't confuse yourself). Setting all file
+descriptors to non-blocking mode is also usually a good idea (but not
+required if you know what you are doing).
+
+If you cannot use non-blocking mode, then force the use of a
+known-to-be-good backend (at the time of this writing, this includes only
+C<EVBACKEND_SELECT> and C<EVBACKEND_POLL>).
+
+Another thing you have to watch out for is that it is quite easy to
+receive "spurious" readiness notifications, that is your callback might
+be called with C<EV_READ> but a subsequent C<read>(2) will actually block
+because there is no data. Not only are some backends known to create a
+lot of those (for example Solaris ports), it is very easy to get into
+this situation even with a relatively standard program structure. Thus
+it is best to always use non-blocking I/O: An extra C<read>(2) returning
+C<EAGAIN> is far preferable to a program hanging until some data arrives.
+
+If you cannot run the fd in non-blocking mode (for example you should
+not play around with an Xlib connection), then you have to separately
+re-test whether a file descriptor is really ready with a known-to-be good
+interface such as poll (fortunately in our Xlib example, Xlib already
+does this on its own, so its quite safe to use). Some people additionally
+use C<SIGALRM> and an interval timer, just to be sure you won't block
+indefinitely.
+
+But really, best use non-blocking mode.
+
+=head3 The special problem of disappearing file descriptors
+
+Some backends (e.g. kqueue, epoll) need to be told about closing a file
+descriptor (either due to calling C<close> explicitly or any other means,
+such as C<dup2>). The reason is that you register interest in some file
+descriptor, but when it goes away, the operating system will silently drop
+this interest. If another file descriptor with the same number then is
+registered with libev, there is no efficient way to see that this is, in
+fact, a different file descriptor.
+
+To avoid having to explicitly tell libev about such cases, libev follows
+the following policy: Each time C<ev_io_set> is being called, libev
+will assume that this is potentially a new file descriptor, otherwise
+it is assumed that the file descriptor stays the same. That means that
+you I<have> to call C<ev_io_set> (or C<ev_io_init>) when you change the
+descriptor even if the file descriptor number itself did not change.
+
+This is how one would do it normally anyway, the important point is that
+the libev application should not optimise around libev but should leave
+optimisations to libev.
+
+=head3 The special problem of dup'ed file descriptors
+
+Some backends (e.g. epoll), cannot register events for file descriptors,
+but only events for the underlying file descriptions. That means when you
+have C<dup ()>'ed file descriptors or weirder constellations, and register
+events for them, only one file descriptor might actually receive events.
+
+There is no workaround possible except not registering events
+for potentially C<dup ()>'ed file descriptors, or to resort to
+C<EVBACKEND_SELECT> or C<EVBACKEND_POLL>.
+
+=head3 The special problem of fork
+
+Some backends (epoll, kqueue) do not support C<fork ()> at all or exhibit
+useless behaviour. Libev fully supports fork, but needs to be told about
+it in the child.
+
+To support fork in your programs, you either have to call
+C<ev_default_fork ()> or C<ev_loop_fork ()> after a fork in the child,
+enable C<EVFLAG_FORKCHECK>, or resort to C<EVBACKEND_SELECT> or
+C<EVBACKEND_POLL>.
+
+=head3 The special problem of SIGPIPE
+
+While not really specific to libev, it is easy to forget about C<SIGPIPE>:
+when writing to a pipe whose other end has been closed, your program gets
+sent a SIGPIPE, which, by default, aborts your program. For most programs
+this is sensible behaviour, for daemons, this is usually undesirable.
+
+So when you encounter spurious, unexplained daemon exits, make sure you
+ignore SIGPIPE (and maybe make sure you log the exit status of your daemon
+somewhere, as that would have given you a big clue).
+
+
+=head3 Watcher-Specific Functions
+
+=over 4
+
+=item ev_io_init (ev_io *, callback, int fd, int events)
+
+=item ev_io_set (ev_io *, int fd, int events)
+
+Configures an C<ev_io> watcher. The C<fd> is the file descriptor to
+receive events for and C<events> is either C<EV_READ>, C<EV_WRITE> or
+C<EV_READ | EV_WRITE>, to express the desire to receive the given events.
+
+=item int fd [read-only]
+
+The file descriptor being watched.
+
+=item int events [read-only]
+
+The events being watched.
+
+=back
+
+=head3 Examples
+
+Example: Call C<stdin_readable_cb> when STDIN_FILENO has become, well
+readable, but only once. Since it is likely line-buffered, you could
+attempt to read a whole line in the callback.
+
+ static void
+ stdin_readable_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, ev_io *w, int revents)
+ {
+ ev_io_stop (loop, w);
+ .. read from stdin here (or from w->fd) and handle any I/O errors
+ }
+
+ ...
+ struct ev_loop *loop = ev_default_init (0);
+ ev_io stdin_readable;
+ ev_io_init (&stdin_readable, stdin_readable_cb, STDIN_FILENO, EV_READ);
+ ev_io_start (loop, &stdin_readable);
+ ev_loop (loop, 0);
+
+
+=head2 C<ev_timer> - relative and optionally repeating timeouts
+
+Timer watchers are simple relative timers that generate an event after a
+given time, and optionally repeating in regular intervals after that.
+
+The timers are based on real time, that is, if you register an event that
+times out after an hour and you reset your system clock to January last
+year, it will still time out after (roughly) one hour. "Roughly" because
+detecting time jumps is hard, and some inaccuracies are unavoidable (the
+monotonic clock option helps a lot here).
+
+The callback is guaranteed to be invoked only I<after> its timeout has
+passed, but if multiple timers become ready during the same loop iteration
+then order of execution is undefined.
+
+=head3 Be smart about timeouts
+
+Many real-world problems involve some kind of timeout, usually for error
+recovery. A typical example is an HTTP request - if the other side hangs,
+you want to raise some error after a while.
+
+What follows are some ways to handle this problem, from obvious and
+inefficient to smart and efficient.
+
+In the following, a 60 second activity timeout is assumed - a timeout that
+gets reset to 60 seconds each time there is activity (e.g. each time some
+data or other life sign was received).
+
+=over 4
+
+=item 1. Use a timer and stop, reinitialise and start it on activity.
+
+This is the most obvious, but not the most simple way: In the beginning,
+start the watcher:
+
+ ev_timer_init (timer, callback, 60., 0.);
+ ev_timer_start (loop, timer);
+
+Then, each time there is some activity, C<ev_timer_stop> it, initialise it
+and start it again:
+
+ ev_timer_stop (loop, timer);
+ ev_timer_set (timer, 60., 0.);
+ ev_timer_start (loop, timer);
+
+This is relatively simple to implement, but means that each time there is
+some activity, libev will first have to remove the timer from its internal
+data structure and then add it again. Libev tries to be fast, but it's
+still not a constant-time operation.
+
+=item 2. Use a timer and re-start it with C<ev_timer_again> inactivity.
+
+This is the easiest way, and involves using C<ev_timer_again> instead of
+C<ev_timer_start>.
+
+To implement this, configure an C<ev_timer> with a C<repeat> value
+of C<60> and then call C<ev_timer_again> at start and each time you
+successfully read or write some data. If you go into an idle state where
+you do not expect data to travel on the socket, you can C<ev_timer_stop>
+the timer, and C<ev_timer_again> will automatically restart it if need be.
+
+That means you can ignore both the C<ev_timer_start> function and the
+C<after> argument to C<ev_timer_set>, and only ever use the C<repeat>
+member and C<ev_timer_again>.
+
+At start:
+
+ ev_timer_init (timer, callback);
+ timer->repeat = 60.;
+ ev_timer_again (loop, timer);
+
+Each time there is some activity:
+
+ ev_timer_again (loop, timer);
+
+It is even possible to change the time-out on the fly, regardless of
+whether the watcher is active or not:
+
+ timer->repeat = 30.;
+ ev_timer_again (loop, timer);
+
+This is slightly more efficient then stopping/starting the timer each time
+you want to modify its timeout value, as libev does not have to completely
+remove and re-insert the timer from/into its internal data structure.
+
+It is, however, even simpler than the "obvious" way to do it.
+
+=item 3. Let the timer time out, but then re-arm it as required.
+
+This method is more tricky, but usually most efficient: Most timeouts are
+relatively long compared to the intervals between other activity - in
+our example, within 60 seconds, there are usually many I/O events with
+associated activity resets.
+
+In this case, it would be more efficient to leave the C<ev_timer> alone,
+but remember the time of last activity, and check for a real timeout only
+within the callback:
+
+ ev_tstamp last_activity; // time of last activity
+
+ static void
+ callback (EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents)
+ {
+ ev_tstamp now = ev_now (EV_A);
+ ev_tstamp timeout = last_activity + 60.;
+
+ // if last_activity + 60. is older than now, we did time out
+ if (timeout < now)
+ {
+ // timeout occured, take action
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ // callback was invoked, but there was some activity, re-arm
+ // the watcher to fire in last_activity + 60, which is
+ // guaranteed to be in the future, so "again" is positive:
+ w->repeat = timeout - now;
+ ev_timer_again (EV_A_ w);
+ }
+ }
+
+To summarise the callback: first calculate the real timeout (defined
+as "60 seconds after the last activity"), then check if that time has
+been reached, which means something I<did>, in fact, time out. Otherwise
+the callback was invoked too early (C<timeout> is in the future), so
+re-schedule the timer to fire at that future time, to see if maybe we have
+a timeout then.
+
+Note how C<ev_timer_again> is used, taking advantage of the
+C<ev_timer_again> optimisation when the timer is already running.
+
+This scheme causes more callback invocations (about one every 60 seconds
+minus half the average time between activity), but virtually no calls to
+libev to change the timeout.
+
+To start the timer, simply initialise the watcher and set C<last_activity>
+to the current time (meaning we just have some activity :), then call the
+callback, which will "do the right thing" and start the timer:
+
+ ev_timer_init (timer, callback);
+ last_activity = ev_now (loop);
+ callback (loop, timer, EV_TIMEOUT);
+
+And when there is some activity, simply store the current time in
+C<last_activity>, no libev calls at all:
+
+ last_actiivty = ev_now (loop);
+
+This technique is slightly more complex, but in most cases where the
+time-out is unlikely to be triggered, much more efficient.
+
+Changing the timeout is trivial as well (if it isn't hard-coded in the
+callback :) - just change the timeout and invoke the callback, which will
+fix things for you.
+
+=item 4. Wee, just use a double-linked list for your timeouts.
+
+If there is not one request, but many thousands (millions...), all
+employing some kind of timeout with the same timeout value, then one can
+do even better:
+
+When starting the timeout, calculate the timeout value and put the timeout
+at the I<end> of the list.
+
+Then use an C<ev_timer> to fire when the timeout at the I<beginning> of
+the list is expected to fire (for example, using the technique #3).
+
+When there is some activity, remove the timer from the list, recalculate
+the timeout, append it to the end of the list again, and make sure to
+update the C<ev_timer> if it was taken from the beginning of the list.
+
+This way, one can manage an unlimited number of timeouts in O(1) time for
+starting, stopping and updating the timers, at the expense of a major
+complication, and having to use a constant timeout. The constant timeout
+ensures that the list stays sorted.
+
+=back
+
+So which method the best?
+
+Method #2 is a simple no-brain-required solution that is adequate in most
+situations. Method #3 requires a bit more thinking, but handles many cases
+better, and isn't very complicated either. In most case, choosing either
+one is fine, with #3 being better in typical situations.
+
+Method #1 is almost always a bad idea, and buys you nothing. Method #4 is
+rather complicated, but extremely efficient, something that really pays
+off after the first million or so of active timers, i.e. it's usually
+overkill :)
+
+=head3 The special problem of time updates
+
+Establishing the current time is a costly operation (it usually takes at
+least two system calls): EV therefore updates its idea of the current
+time only before and after C<ev_loop> collects new events, which causes a
+growing difference between C<ev_now ()> and C<ev_time ()> when handling
+lots of events in one iteration.
+
+The relative timeouts are calculated relative to the C<ev_now ()>
+time. This is usually the right thing as this timestamp refers to the time
+of the event triggering whatever timeout you are modifying/starting. If
+you suspect event processing to be delayed and you I<need> to base the
+timeout on the current time, use something like this to adjust for this:
+
+ ev_timer_set (&timer, after + ev_now () - ev_time (), 0.);
+
+If the event loop is suspended for a long time, you can also force an
+update of the time returned by C<ev_now ()> by calling C<ev_now_update
+()>.
+
+=head3 Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members
+
+=over 4
+
+=item ev_timer_init (ev_timer *, callback, ev_tstamp after, ev_tstamp repeat)
+
+=item ev_timer_set (ev_timer *, ev_tstamp after, ev_tstamp repeat)
+
+Configure the timer to trigger after C<after> seconds. If C<repeat>
+is C<0.>, then it will automatically be stopped once the timeout is
+reached. If it is positive, then the timer will automatically be
+configured to trigger again C<repeat> seconds later, again, and again,
+until stopped manually.
+
+The timer itself will do a best-effort at avoiding drift, that is, if
+you configure a timer to trigger every 10 seconds, then it will normally
+trigger at exactly 10 second intervals. If, however, your program cannot
+keep up with the timer (because it takes longer than those 10 seconds to
+do stuff) the timer will not fire more than once per event loop iteration.
+
+=item ev_timer_again (loop, ev_timer *)
+
+This will act as if the timer timed out and restart it again if it is
+repeating. The exact semantics are:
+
+If the timer is pending, its pending status is cleared.
+
+If the timer is started but non-repeating, stop it (as if it timed out).
+
+If the timer is repeating, either start it if necessary (with the
+C<repeat> value), or reset the running timer to the C<repeat> value.
+
+This sounds a bit complicated, see "Be smart about timeouts", above, for a
+usage example.
+
+=item ev_tstamp repeat [read-write]
+
+The current C<repeat> value. Will be used each time the watcher times out
+or C<ev_timer_again> is called, and determines the next timeout (if any),
+which is also when any modifications are taken into account.
+
+=back
+
+=head3 Examples
+
+Example: Create a timer that fires after 60 seconds.
+
+ static void
+ one_minute_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, ev_timer *w, int revents)
+ {
+ .. one minute over, w is actually stopped right here
+ }
+
+ ev_timer mytimer;
+ ev_timer_init (&mytimer, one_minute_cb, 60., 0.);
+ ev_timer_start (loop, &mytimer);
+
+Example: Create a timeout timer that times out after 10 seconds of
+inactivity.
+
+ static void
+ timeout_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, ev_timer *w, int revents)
+ {
+ .. ten seconds without any activity
+ }
+
+ ev_timer mytimer;
+ ev_timer_init (&mytimer, timeout_cb, 0., 10.); /* note, only repeat used */
+ ev_timer_again (&mytimer); /* start timer */
+ ev_loop (loop, 0);
+
+ // and in some piece of code that gets executed on any "activity":
+ // reset the timeout to start ticking again at 10 seconds
+ ev_timer_again (&mytimer);
+
+
+=head2 C<ev_periodic> - to cron or not to cron?
+
+Periodic watchers are also timers of a kind, but they are very versatile
+(and unfortunately a bit complex).
+
+Unlike C<ev_timer>'s, they are not based on real time (or relative time)
+but on wall clock time (absolute time). You can tell a periodic watcher
+to trigger after some specific point in time. For example, if you tell a
+periodic watcher to trigger in 10 seconds (by specifying e.g. C<ev_now ()
++ 10.>, that is, an absolute time not a delay) and then reset your system
+clock to January of the previous year, then it will take more than year
+to trigger the event (unlike an C<ev_timer>, which would still trigger
+roughly 10 seconds later as it uses a relative timeout).
+
+C<ev_periodic>s can also be used to implement vastly more complex timers,
+such as triggering an event on each "midnight, local time", or other
+complicated rules.
+
+As with timers, the callback is guaranteed to be invoked only when the
+time (C<at>) has passed, but if multiple periodic timers become ready
+during the same loop iteration, then order of execution is undefined.
+
+=head3 Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members
+
+=over 4
+
+=item ev_periodic_init (ev_periodic *, callback, ev_tstamp at, ev_tstamp interval, reschedule_cb)
+
+=item ev_periodic_set (ev_periodic *, ev_tstamp after, ev_tstamp repeat, reschedule_cb)
+
+Lots of arguments, lets sort it out... There are basically three modes of
+operation, and we will explain them from simplest to most complex:
+
+=over 4
+
+=item * absolute timer (at = time, interval = reschedule_cb = 0)
+
+In this configuration the watcher triggers an event after the wall clock
+time C<at> has passed. It will not repeat and will not adjust when a time
+jump occurs, that is, if it is to be run at January 1st 2011 then it will
+only run when the system clock reaches or surpasses this time.
+
+=item * repeating interval timer (at = offset, interval > 0, reschedule_cb = 0)
+
+In this mode the watcher will always be scheduled to time out at the next
+C<at + N * interval> time (for some integer N, which can also be negative)
+and then repeat, regardless of any time jumps.
+
+This can be used to create timers that do not drift with respect to the
+system clock, for example, here is a C<ev_periodic> that triggers each
+hour, on the hour:
+
+ ev_periodic_set (&periodic, 0., 3600., 0);
+
+This doesn't mean there will always be 3600 seconds in between triggers,
+but only that the callback will be called when the system time shows a
+full hour (UTC), or more correctly, when the system time is evenly divisible
+by 3600.
+
+Another way to think about it (for the mathematically inclined) is that
+C<ev_periodic> will try to run the callback in this mode at the next possible
+time where C<time = at (mod interval)>, regardless of any time jumps.
+
+For numerical stability it is preferable that the C<at> value is near
+C<ev_now ()> (the current time), but there is no range requirement for
+this value, and in fact is often specified as zero.
+
+Note also that there is an upper limit to how often a timer can fire (CPU
+speed for example), so if C<interval> is very small then timing stability
+will of course deteriorate. Libev itself tries to be exact to be about one
+millisecond (if the OS supports it and the machine is fast enough).
+
+=item * manual reschedule mode (at and interval ignored, reschedule_cb = callback)
+
+In this mode the values for C<interval> and C<at> are both being
+ignored. Instead, each time the periodic watcher gets scheduled, the
+reschedule callback will be called with the watcher as first, and the
+current time as second argument.
+
+NOTE: I<This callback MUST NOT stop or destroy any periodic watcher,
+ever, or make ANY event loop modifications whatsoever>.
+
+If you need to stop it, return C<now + 1e30> (or so, fudge fudge) and stop
+it afterwards (e.g. by starting an C<ev_prepare> watcher, which is the
+only event loop modification you are allowed to do).
+
+The callback prototype is C<ev_tstamp (*reschedule_cb)(ev_periodic
+*w, ev_tstamp now)>, e.g.:
+
+ static ev_tstamp
+ my_rescheduler (ev_periodic *w, ev_tstamp now)
+ {
+ return now + 60.;
+ }
+
+It must return the next time to trigger, based on the passed time value
+(that is, the lowest time value larger than to the second argument). It
+will usually be called just before the callback will be triggered, but
+might be called at other times, too.
+
+NOTE: I<< This callback must always return a time that is higher than or
+equal to the passed C<now> value >>.
+
+This can be used to create very complex timers, such as a timer that
+triggers on "next midnight, local time". To do this, you would calculate the
+next midnight after C<now> and return the timestamp value for this. How
+you do this is, again, up to you (but it is not trivial, which is the main
+reason I omitted it as an example).
+
+=back
+
+=item ev_periodic_again (loop, ev_periodic *)
+
+Simply stops and restarts the periodic watcher again. This is only useful
+when you changed some parameters or the reschedule callback would return
+a different time than the last time it was called (e.g. in a crond like
+program when the crontabs have changed).
+
+=item ev_tstamp ev_periodic_at (ev_periodic *)
+
+When active, returns the absolute time that the watcher is supposed to
+trigger next.
+
+=item ev_tstamp offset [read-write]
+
+When repeating, this contains the offset value, otherwise this is the
+absolute point in time (the C<at> value passed to C<ev_periodic_set>).
+
+Can be modified any time, but changes only take effect when the periodic
+timer fires or C<ev_periodic_again> is being called.
+
+=item ev_tstamp interval [read-write]
+
+The current interval value. Can be modified any time, but changes only
+take effect when the periodic timer fires or C<ev_periodic_again> is being
+called.
+
+=item ev_tstamp (*reschedule_cb)(ev_periodic *w, ev_tstamp now) [read-write]
+
+The current reschedule callback, or C<0>, if this functionality is
+switched off. Can be changed any time, but changes only take effect when
+the periodic timer fires or C<ev_periodic_again> is being called.
+
+=back
+
+=head3 Examples
+
+Example: Call a callback every hour, or, more precisely, whenever the
+system time is divisible by 3600. The callback invocation times have
+potentially a lot of jitter, but good long-term stability.
+
+ static void
+ clock_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, ev_io *w, int revents)
+ {
+ ... its now a full hour (UTC, or TAI or whatever your clock follows)
+ }
+
+ ev_periodic hourly_tick;
+ ev_periodic_init (&hourly_tick, clock_cb, 0., 3600., 0);
+ ev_periodic_start (loop, &hourly_tick);
+
+Example: The same as above, but use a reschedule callback to do it:
+
+ #include <math.h>
+
+ static ev_tstamp
+ my_scheduler_cb (ev_periodic *w, ev_tstamp now)
+ {
+ return now + (3600. - fmod (now, 3600.));
+ }
+
+ ev_periodic_init (&hourly_tick, clock_cb, 0., 0., my_scheduler_cb);
+
+Example: Call a callback every hour, starting now:
+
+ ev_periodic hourly_tick;
+ ev_periodic_init (&hourly_tick, clock_cb,
+ fmod (ev_now (loop), 3600.), 3600., 0);
+ ev_periodic_start (loop, &hourly_tick);
+
+
+=head2 C<ev_signal> - signal me when a signal gets signalled!
+
+Signal watchers will trigger an event when the process receives a specific
+signal one or more times. Even though signals are very asynchronous, libev
+will try it's best to deliver signals synchronously, i.e. as part of the
+normal event processing, like any other event.
+
+If you want signals asynchronously, just use C<sigaction> as you would
+do without libev and forget about sharing the signal. You can even use
+C<ev_async> from a signal handler to synchronously wake up an event loop.
+
+You can configure as many watchers as you like per signal. Only when the
+first watcher gets started will libev actually register a signal handler
+with the kernel (thus it coexists with your own signal handlers as long as
+you don't register any with libev for the same signal). Similarly, when
+the last signal watcher for a signal is stopped, libev will reset the
+signal handler to SIG_DFL (regardless of what it was set to before).
+
+If possible and supported, libev will install its handlers with
+C<SA_RESTART> behaviour enabled, so system calls should not be unduly
+interrupted. If you have a problem with system calls getting interrupted by
+signals you can block all signals in an C<ev_check> watcher and unblock
+them in an C<ev_prepare> watcher.
+
+=head3 Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members
+
+=over 4
+
+=item ev_signal_init (ev_signal *, callback, int signum)
+
+=item ev_signal_set (ev_signal *, int signum)
+
+Configures the watcher to trigger on the given signal number (usually one
+of the C<SIGxxx> constants).
+
+=item int signum [read-only]
+
+The signal the watcher watches out for.
+
+=back
+
+=head3 Examples
+
+Example: Try to exit cleanly on SIGINT.
+
+ static void
+ sigint_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, ev_signal *w, int revents)
+ {
+ ev_unloop (loop, EVUNLOOP_ALL);
+ }
+
+ ev_signal signal_watcher;
+ ev_signal_init (&signal_watcher, sigint_cb, SIGINT);
+ ev_signal_start (loop, &signal_watcher);
+
+
+=head2 C<ev_child> - watch out for process status changes
+
+Child watchers trigger when your process receives a SIGCHLD in response to
+some child status changes (most typically when a child of yours dies or
+exits). It is permissible to install a child watcher I<after> the child
+has been forked (which implies it might have already exited), as long
+as the event loop isn't entered (or is continued from a watcher), i.e.,
+forking and then immediately registering a watcher for the child is fine,
+but forking and registering a watcher a few event loop iterations later is
+not.
+
+Only the default event loop is capable of handling signals, and therefore
+you can only register child watchers in the default event loop.
+
+=head3 Process Interaction
+
+Libev grabs C<SIGCHLD> as soon as the default event loop is
+initialised. This is necessary to guarantee proper behaviour even if
+the first child watcher is started after the child exits. The occurrence
+of C<SIGCHLD> is recorded asynchronously, but child reaping is done
+synchronously as part of the event loop processing. Libev always reaps all
+children, even ones not watched.
+
+=head3 Overriding the Built-In Processing
+
+Libev offers no special support for overriding the built-in child
+processing, but if your application collides with libev's default child
+handler, you can override it easily by installing your own handler for
+C<SIGCHLD> after initialising the default loop, and making sure the
+default loop never gets destroyed. You are encouraged, however, to use an
+event-based approach to child reaping and thus use libev's support for
+that, so other libev users can use C<ev_child> watchers freely.
+
+=head3 Stopping the Child Watcher
+
+Currently, the child watcher never gets stopped, even when the
+child terminates, so normally one needs to stop the watcher in the
+callback. Future versions of libev might stop the watcher automatically
+when a child exit is detected.
+
+=head3 Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members
+
+=over 4
+
+=item ev_child_init (ev_child *, callback, int pid, int trace)
+
+=item ev_child_set (ev_child *, int pid, int trace)
+
+Configures the watcher to wait for status changes of process C<pid> (or
+I<any> process if C<pid> is specified as C<0>). The callback can look
+at the C<rstatus> member of the C<ev_child> watcher structure to see
+the status word (use the macros from C<sys/wait.h> and see your systems
+C<waitpid> documentation). The C<rpid> member contains the pid of the
+process causing the status change. C<trace> must be either C<0> (only
+activate the watcher when the process terminates) or C<1> (additionally
+activate the watcher when the process is stopped or continued).
+
+=item int pid [read-only]
+
+The process id this watcher watches out for, or C<0>, meaning any process id.
+
+=item int rpid [read-write]
+
+The process id that detected a status change.
+
+=item int rstatus [read-write]
+
+The process exit/trace status caused by C<rpid> (see your systems
+C<waitpid> and C<sys/wait.h> documentation for details).
+
+=back
+
+=head3 Examples
+
+Example: C<fork()> a new process and install a child handler to wait for
+its completion.
+
+ ev_child cw;
+
+ static void
+ child_cb (EV_P_ ev_child *w, int revents)
+ {
+ ev_child_stop (EV_A_ w);
+ printf ("process %d exited with status %x\n", w->rpid, w->rstatus);
+ }
+
+ pid_t pid = fork ();
+
+ if (pid < 0)
+ // error
+ else if (pid == 0)
+ {
+ // the forked child executes here
+ exit (1);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ ev_child_init (&cw, child_cb, pid, 0);
+ ev_child_start (EV_DEFAULT_ &cw);
+ }
+
+
+=head2 C<ev_stat> - did the file attributes just change?
+
+This watches a file system path for attribute changes. That is, it calls
+C<stat> on that path in regular intervals (or when the OS says it changed)
+and sees if it changed compared to the last time, invoking the callback if
+it did.
+
+The path does not need to exist: changing from "path exists" to "path does
+not exist" is a status change like any other. The condition "path does not
+exist" (or more correctly "path cannot be stat'ed") is signified by the
+C<st_nlink> field being zero (which is otherwise always forced to be at
+least one) and all the other fields of the stat buffer having unspecified
+contents.
+
+The path I<must not> end in a slash or contain special components such as
+C<.> or C<..>. The path I<should> be absolute: If it is relative and
+your working directory changes, then the behaviour is undefined.
+
+Since there is no portable change notification interface available, the
+portable implementation simply calls C<stat(2)> regularly on the path
+to see if it changed somehow. You can specify a recommended polling
+interval for this case. If you specify a polling interval of C<0> (highly
+recommended!) then a I<suitable, unspecified default> value will be used
+(which you can expect to be around five seconds, although this might
+change dynamically). Libev will also impose a minimum interval which is
+currently around C<0.1>, but that's usually overkill.
+
+This watcher type is not meant for massive numbers of stat watchers,
+as even with OS-supported change notifications, this can be
+resource-intensive.
+
+At the time of this writing, the only OS-specific interface implemented
+is the Linux inotify interface (implementing kqueue support is left as an
+exercise for the reader. Note, however, that the author sees no way of
+implementing C<ev_stat> semantics with kqueue, except as a hint).
+
+=head3 ABI Issues (Largefile Support)
+
+Libev by default (unless the user overrides this) uses the default
+compilation environment, which means that on systems with large file
+support disabled by default, you get the 32 bit version of the stat
+structure. When using the library from programs that change the ABI to
+use 64 bit file offsets the programs will fail. In that case you have to
+compile libev with the same flags to get binary compatibility. This is
+obviously the case with any flags that change the ABI, but the problem is
+most noticeably displayed with ev_stat and large file support.
+
+The solution for this is to lobby your distribution maker to make large
+file interfaces available by default (as e.g. FreeBSD does) and not
+optional. Libev cannot simply switch on large file support because it has
+to exchange stat structures with application programs compiled using the
+default compilation environment.
+
+=head3 Inotify and Kqueue
+
+When C<inotify (7)> support has been compiled into libev and present at
+runtime, it will be used to speed up change detection where possible. The
+inotify descriptor will be created lazily when the first C<ev_stat>
+watcher is being started.
+
+Inotify presence does not change the semantics of C<ev_stat> watchers
+except that changes might be detected earlier, and in some cases, to avoid
+making regular C<stat> calls. Even in the presence of inotify support
+there are many cases where libev has to resort to regular C<stat> polling,
+but as long as kernel 2.6.25 or newer is used (2.6.24 and older have too
+many bugs), the path exists (i.e. stat succeeds), and the path resides on
+a local filesystem (libev currently assumes only ext2/3, jfs, reiserfs and
+xfs are fully working) libev usually gets away without polling.
+
+There is no support for kqueue, as apparently it cannot be used to
+implement this functionality, due to the requirement of having a file
+descriptor open on the object at all times, and detecting renames, unlinks
+etc. is difficult.
+
+=head3 C<stat ()> is a synchronous operation
+
+Libev doesn't normally do any kind of I/O itself, and so is not blocking
+the process. The exception are C<ev_stat> watchers - those call C<stat
+()>, which is a synchronous operation.
+
+For local paths, this usually doesn't matter: unless the system is very
+busy or the intervals between stat's are large, a stat call will be fast,
+as the path data is usually in memory already (except when starting the
+watcher).
+
+For networked file systems, calling C<stat ()> can block an indefinite
+time due to network issues, and even under good conditions, a stat call
+often takes multiple milliseconds.
+
+Therefore, it is best to avoid using C<ev_stat> watchers on networked
+paths, although this is fully supported by libev.
+
+=head3 The special problem of stat time resolution
+
+The C<stat ()> system call only supports full-second resolution portably,
+and even on systems where the resolution is higher, most file systems
+still only support whole seconds.
+
+That means that, if the time is the only thing that changes, you can
+easily miss updates: on the first update, C<ev_stat> detects a change and
+calls your callback, which does something. When there is another update
+within the same second, C<ev_stat> will be unable to detect unless the
+stat data does change in other ways (e.g. file size).
+
+The solution to this is to delay acting on a change for slightly more
+than a second (or till slightly after the next full second boundary), using
+a roughly one-second-delay C<ev_timer> (e.g. C<ev_timer_set (w, 0., 1.02);
+ev_timer_again (loop, w)>).
+
+The C<.02> offset is added to work around small timing inconsistencies
+of some operating systems (where the second counter of the current time
+might be be delayed. One such system is the Linux kernel, where a call to
+C<gettimeofday> might return a timestamp with a full second later than
+a subsequent C<time> call - if the equivalent of C<time ()> is used to
+update file times then there will be a small window where the kernel uses
+the previous second to update file times but libev might already execute
+the timer callback).
+
+=head3 Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members
+
+=over 4
+
+=item ev_stat_init (ev_stat *, callback, const char *path, ev_tstamp interval)
+
+=item ev_stat_set (ev_stat *, const char *path, ev_tstamp interval)
+
+Configures the watcher to wait for status changes of the given
+C<path>. The C<interval> is a hint on how quickly a change is expected to
+be detected and should normally be specified as C<0> to let libev choose
+a suitable value. The memory pointed to by C<path> must point to the same
+path for as long as the watcher is active.
+
+The callback will receive an C<EV_STAT> event when a change was detected,
+relative to the attributes at the time the watcher was started (or the
+last change was detected).
+
+=item ev_stat_stat (loop, ev_stat *)
+
+Updates the stat buffer immediately with new values. If you change the
+watched path in your callback, you could call this function to avoid
+detecting this change (while introducing a race condition if you are not
+the only one changing the path). Can also be useful simply to find out the
+new values.
+
+=item ev_statdata attr [read-only]
+
+The most-recently detected attributes of the file. Although the type is
+C<ev_statdata>, this is usually the (or one of the) C<struct stat> types
+suitable for your system, but you can only rely on the POSIX-standardised
+members to be present. If the C<st_nlink> member is C<0>, then there was
+some error while C<stat>ing the file.
+
+=item ev_statdata prev [read-only]
+
+The previous attributes of the file. The callback gets invoked whenever
+C<prev> != C<attr>, or, more precisely, one or more of these members
+differ: C<st_dev>, C<st_ino>, C<st_mode>, C<st_nlink>, C<st_uid>,
+C<st_gid>, C<st_rdev>, C<st_size>, C<st_atime>, C<st_mtime>, C<st_ctime>.
+
+=item ev_tstamp interval [read-only]
+
+The specified interval.
+
+=item const char *path [read-only]
+
+The file system path that is being watched.
+
+=back
+
+=head3 Examples
+
+Example: Watch C</etc/passwd> for attribute changes.
+
+ static void
+ passwd_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, ev_stat *w, int revents)
+ {
+ /* /etc/passwd changed in some way */
+ if (w->attr.st_nlink)
+ {
+ printf ("passwd current size %ld\n", (long)w->attr.st_size);
+ printf ("passwd current atime %ld\n", (long)w->attr.st_mtime);
+ printf ("passwd current mtime %ld\n", (long)w->attr.st_mtime);
+ }
+ else
+ /* you shalt not abuse printf for puts */
+ puts ("wow, /etc/passwd is not there, expect problems. "
+ "if this is windows, they already arrived\n");
+ }
+
+ ...
+ ev_stat passwd;
+
+ ev_stat_init (&passwd, passwd_cb, "/etc/passwd", 0.);
+ ev_stat_start (loop, &passwd);
+
+Example: Like above, but additionally use a one-second delay so we do not
+miss updates (however, frequent updates will delay processing, too, so
+one might do the work both on C<ev_stat> callback invocation I<and> on
+C<ev_timer> callback invocation).
+
+ static ev_stat passwd;
+ static ev_timer timer;
+
+ static void
+ timer_cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents)
+ {
+ ev_timer_stop (EV_A_ w);
+
+ /* now it's one second after the most recent passwd change */
+ }
+
+ static void
+ stat_cb (EV_P_ ev_stat *w, int revents)
+ {
+ /* reset the one-second timer */
+ ev_timer_again (EV_A_ &timer);
+ }
+
+ ...
+ ev_stat_init (&passwd, stat_cb, "/etc/passwd", 0.);
+ ev_stat_start (loop, &passwd);
+ ev_timer_init (&timer, timer_cb, 0., 1.02);
+
+
+=head2 C<ev_idle> - when you've got nothing better to do...
+
+Idle watchers trigger events when no other events of the same or higher
+priority are pending (prepare, check and other idle watchers do not count
+as receiving "events").
+
+That is, as long as your process is busy handling sockets or timeouts
+(or even signals, imagine) of the same or higher priority it will not be
+triggered. But when your process is idle (or only lower-priority watchers
+are pending), the idle watchers are being called once per event loop
+iteration - until stopped, that is, or your process receives more events
+and becomes busy again with higher priority stuff.
+
+The most noteworthy effect is that as long as any idle watchers are
+active, the process will not block when waiting for new events.
+
+Apart from keeping your process non-blocking (which is a useful
+effect on its own sometimes), idle watchers are a good place to do
+"pseudo-background processing", or delay processing stuff to after the
+event loop has handled all outstanding events.
+
+=head3 Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members
+
+=over 4
+
+=item ev_idle_init (ev_signal *, callback)
+
+Initialises and configures the idle watcher - it has no parameters of any
+kind. There is a C<ev_idle_set> macro, but using it is utterly pointless,
+believe me.
+
+=back
+
+=head3 Examples
+
+Example: Dynamically allocate an C<ev_idle> watcher, start it, and in the
+callback, free it. Also, use no error checking, as usual.
+
+ static void
+ idle_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, ev_idle *w, int revents)
+ {
+ free (w);
+ // now do something you wanted to do when the program has
+ // no longer anything immediate to do.
+ }
+
+ ev_idle *idle_watcher = malloc (sizeof (ev_idle));
+ ev_idle_init (idle_watcher, idle_cb);
+ ev_idle_start (loop, idle_cb);
+
+
+=head2 C<ev_prepare> and C<ev_check> - customise your event loop!
+
+Prepare and check watchers are usually (but not always) used in pairs:
+prepare watchers get invoked before the process blocks and check watchers
+afterwards.
+
+You I<must not> call C<ev_loop> or similar functions that enter
+the current event loop from either C<ev_prepare> or C<ev_check>
+watchers. Other loops than the current one are fine, however. The
+rationale behind this is that you do not need to check for recursion in
+those watchers, i.e. the sequence will always be C<ev_prepare>, blocking,
+C<ev_check> so if you have one watcher of each kind they will always be
+called in pairs bracketing the blocking call.
+
+Their main purpose is to integrate other event mechanisms into libev and
+their use is somewhat advanced. They could be used, for example, to track
+variable changes, implement your own watchers, integrate net-snmp or a
+coroutine library and lots more. They are also occasionally useful if
+you cache some data and want to flush it before blocking (for example,
+in X programs you might want to do an C<XFlush ()> in an C<ev_prepare>
+watcher).
+
+This is done by examining in each prepare call which file descriptors
+need to be watched by the other library, registering C<ev_io> watchers
+for them and starting an C<ev_timer> watcher for any timeouts (many
+libraries provide exactly this functionality). Then, in the check watcher,
+you check for any events that occurred (by checking the pending status
+of all watchers and stopping them) and call back into the library. The
+I/O and timer callbacks will never actually be called (but must be valid
+nevertheless, because you never know, you know?).
+
+As another example, the Perl Coro module uses these hooks to integrate
+coroutines into libev programs, by yielding to other active coroutines
+during each prepare and only letting the process block if no coroutines
+are ready to run (it's actually more complicated: it only runs coroutines
+with priority higher than or equal to the event loop and one coroutine
+of lower priority, but only once, using idle watchers to keep the event
+loop from blocking if lower-priority coroutines are active, thus mapping
+low-priority coroutines to idle/background tasks).
+
+It is recommended to give C<ev_check> watchers highest (C<EV_MAXPRI>)
+priority, to ensure that they are being run before any other watchers
+after the poll (this doesn't matter for C<ev_prepare> watchers).
+
+Also, C<ev_check> watchers (and C<ev_prepare> watchers, too) should not
+activate ("feed") events into libev. While libev fully supports this, they
+might get executed before other C<ev_check> watchers did their job. As
+C<ev_check> watchers are often used to embed other (non-libev) event
+loops those other event loops might be in an unusable state until their
+C<ev_check> watcher ran (always remind yourself to coexist peacefully with
+others).
+
+=head3 Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members
+
+=over 4
+
+=item ev_prepare_init (ev_prepare *, callback)
+
+=item ev_check_init (ev_check *, callback)
+
+Initialises and configures the prepare or check watcher - they have no
+parameters of any kind. There are C<ev_prepare_set> and C<ev_check_set>
+macros, but using them is utterly, utterly, utterly and completely
+pointless.
+
+=back
+
+=head3 Examples
+
+There are a number of principal ways to embed other event loops or modules
+into libev. Here are some ideas on how to include libadns into libev
+(there is a Perl module named C<EV::ADNS> that does this, which you could
+use as a working example. Another Perl module named C<EV::Glib> embeds a
+Glib main context into libev, and finally, C<Glib::EV> embeds EV into the
+Glib event loop).
+
+Method 1: Add IO watchers and a timeout watcher in a prepare handler,
+and in a check watcher, destroy them and call into libadns. What follows
+is pseudo-code only of course. This requires you to either use a low
+priority for the check watcher or use C<ev_clear_pending> explicitly, as
+the callbacks for the IO/timeout watchers might not have been called yet.
+
+ static ev_io iow [nfd];
+ static ev_timer tw;
+
+ static void
+ io_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, ev_io *w, int revents)
+ {
+ }
+
+ // create io watchers for each fd and a timer before blocking
+ static void
+ adns_prepare_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, ev_prepare *w, int revents)
+ {
+ int timeout = 3600000;
+ struct pollfd fds [nfd];
+ // actual code will need to loop here and realloc etc.
+ adns_beforepoll (ads, fds, &nfd, &timeout, timeval_from (ev_time ()));
+
+ /* the callback is illegal, but won't be called as we stop during check */
+ ev_timer_init (&tw, 0, timeout * 1e-3);
+ ev_timer_start (loop, &tw);
+
+ // create one ev_io per pollfd
+ for (int i = 0; i < nfd; ++i)
+ {
+ ev_io_init (iow + i, io_cb, fds [i].fd,
+ ((fds [i].events & POLLIN ? EV_READ : 0)
+ | (fds [i].events & POLLOUT ? EV_WRITE : 0)));
+
+ fds [i].revents = 0;
+ ev_io_start (loop, iow + i);
+ }
+ }
+
+ // stop all watchers after blocking
+ static void
+ adns_check_cb (struct ev_loop *loop, ev_check *w, int revents)
+ {
+ ev_timer_stop (loop, &tw);
+
+ for (int i = 0; i < nfd; ++i)
+ {
+ // set the relevant poll flags
+ // could also call adns_processreadable etc. here
+ struct pollfd *fd = fds + i;
+ int revents = ev_clear_pending (iow + i);
+ if (revents & EV_READ ) fd->revents |= fd->events & POLLIN;
+ if (revents & EV_WRITE) fd->revents |= fd->events & POLLOUT;
+
+ // now stop the watcher
+ ev_io_stop (loop, iow + i);
+ }
+
+ adns_afterpoll (adns, fds, nfd, timeval_from (ev_now (loop));
+ }
+
+Method 2: This would be just like method 1, but you run C<adns_afterpoll>
+in the prepare watcher and would dispose of the check watcher.
+
+Method 3: If the module to be embedded supports explicit event
+notification (libadns does), you can also make use of the actual watcher
+callbacks, and only destroy/create the watchers in the prepare watcher.
+
+ static void
+ timer_cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents)
+ {
+ adns_state ads = (adns_state)w->data;
+ update_now (EV_A);
+
+ adns_processtimeouts (ads, &tv_now);
+ }
+
+ static void
+ io_cb (EV_P_ ev_io *w, int revents)
+ {
+ adns_state ads = (adns_state)w->data;
+ update_now (EV_A);
+
+ if (revents & EV_READ ) adns_processreadable (ads, w->fd, &tv_now);
+ if (revents & EV_WRITE) adns_processwriteable (ads, w->fd, &tv_now);
+ }
+
+ // do not ever call adns_afterpoll
+
+Method 4: Do not use a prepare or check watcher because the module you
+want to embed is not flexible enough to support it. Instead, you can
+override their poll function. The drawback with this solution is that the
+main loop is now no longer controllable by EV. The C<Glib::EV> module uses
+this approach, effectively embedding EV as a client into the horrible
+libglib event loop.
+
+ static gint
+ event_poll_func (GPollFD *fds, guint nfds, gint timeout)
+ {
+ int got_events = 0;
+
+ for (n = 0; n < nfds; ++n)
+ // create/start io watcher that sets the relevant bits in fds[n] and increment got_events
+
+ if (timeout >= 0)
+ // create/start timer
+
+ // poll
+ ev_loop (EV_A_ 0);
+
+ // stop timer again
+ if (timeout >= 0)
+ ev_timer_stop (EV_A_ &to);
+
+ // stop io watchers again - their callbacks should have set
+ for (n = 0; n < nfds; ++n)
+ ev_io_stop (EV_A_ iow [n]);
+
+ return got_events;
+ }
+
+
+=head2 C<ev_embed> - when one backend isn't enough...
+
+This is a rather advanced watcher type that lets you embed one event loop
+into another (currently only C<ev_io> events are supported in the embedded
+loop, other types of watchers might be handled in a delayed or incorrect
+fashion and must not be used).
+
+There are primarily two reasons you would want that: work around bugs and
+prioritise I/O.
+
+As an example for a bug workaround, the kqueue backend might only support
+sockets on some platform, so it is unusable as generic backend, but you
+still want to make use of it because you have many sockets and it scales
+so nicely. In this case, you would create a kqueue-based loop and embed
+it into your default loop (which might use e.g. poll). Overall operation
+will be a bit slower because first libev has to call C<poll> and then
+C<kevent>, but at least you can use both mechanisms for what they are
+best: C<kqueue> for scalable sockets and C<poll> if you want it to work :)
+
+As for prioritising I/O: under rare circumstances you have the case where
+some fds have to be watched and handled very quickly (with low latency),
+and even priorities and idle watchers might have too much overhead. In
+this case you would put all the high priority stuff in one loop and all
+the rest in a second one, and embed the second one in the first.
+
+As long as the watcher is active, the callback will be invoked every
+time there might be events pending in the embedded loop. The callback
+must then call C<ev_embed_sweep (mainloop, watcher)> to make a single
+sweep and invoke their callbacks (the callback doesn't need to invoke the
+C<ev_embed_sweep> function directly, it could also start an idle watcher
+to give the embedded loop strictly lower priority for example).
+
+You can also set the callback to C<0>, in which case the embed watcher
+will automatically execute the embedded loop sweep whenever necessary.
+
+Fork detection will be handled transparently while the C<ev_embed> watcher
+is active, i.e., the embedded loop will automatically be forked when the
+embedding loop forks. In other cases, the user is responsible for calling
+C<ev_loop_fork> on the embedded loop.
+
+Unfortunately, not all backends are embeddable: only the ones returned by
+C<ev_embeddable_backends> are, which, unfortunately, does not include any
+portable one.
+
+So when you want to use this feature you will always have to be prepared
+that you cannot get an embeddable loop. The recommended way to get around
+this is to have a separate variables for your embeddable loop, try to
+create it, and if that fails, use the normal loop for everything.
+
+=head3 C<ev_embed> and fork
+
+While the C<ev_embed> watcher is running, forks in the embedding loop will
+automatically be applied to the embedded loop as well, so no special
+fork handling is required in that case. When the watcher is not running,
+however, it is still the task of the libev user to call C<ev_loop_fork ()>
+as applicable.
+
+=head3 Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members
+
+=over 4
+
+=item ev_embed_init (ev_embed *, callback, struct ev_loop *embedded_loop)
+
+=item ev_embed_set (ev_embed *, callback, struct ev_loop *embedded_loop)
+
+Configures the watcher to embed the given loop, which must be
+embeddable. If the callback is C<0>, then C<ev_embed_sweep> will be
+invoked automatically, otherwise it is the responsibility of the callback
+to invoke it (it will continue to be called until the sweep has been done,
+if you do not want that, you need to temporarily stop the embed watcher).
+
+=item ev_embed_sweep (loop, ev_embed *)
+
+Make a single, non-blocking sweep over the embedded loop. This works
+similarly to C<ev_loop (embedded_loop, EVLOOP_NONBLOCK)>, but in the most
+appropriate way for embedded loops.
+
+=item struct ev_loop *other [read-only]
+
+The embedded event loop.
+
+=back
+
+=head3 Examples
+
+Example: Try to get an embeddable event loop and embed it into the default
+event loop. If that is not possible, use the default loop. The default
+loop is stored in C<loop_hi>, while the embeddable loop is stored in
+C<loop_lo> (which is C<loop_hi> in the case no embeddable loop can be
+used).
+
+ struct ev_loop *loop_hi = ev_default_init (0);
+ struct ev_loop *loop_lo = 0;
+ ev_embed embed;
+
+ // see if there is a chance of getting one that works
+ // (remember that a flags value of 0 means autodetection)
+ loop_lo = ev_embeddable_backends () & ev_recommended_backends ()
+ ? ev_loop_new (ev_embeddable_backends () & ev_recommended_backends ())
+ : 0;
+
+ // if we got one, then embed it, otherwise default to loop_hi
+ if (loop_lo)
+ {
+ ev_embed_init (&embed, 0, loop_lo);
+ ev_embed_start (loop_hi, &embed);
+ }
+ else
+ loop_lo = loop_hi;
+
+Example: Check if kqueue is available but not recommended and create
+a kqueue backend for use with sockets (which usually work with any
+kqueue implementation). Store the kqueue/socket-only event loop in
+C<loop_socket>. (One might optionally use C<EVFLAG_NOENV>, too).
+
+ struct ev_loop *loop = ev_default_init (0);
+ struct ev_loop *loop_socket = 0;
+ ev_embed embed;
+
+ if (ev_supported_backends () & ~ev_recommended_backends () & EVBACKEND_KQUEUE)
+ if ((loop_socket = ev_loop_new (EVBACKEND_KQUEUE))
+ {
+ ev_embed_init (&embed, 0, loop_socket);
+ ev_embed_start (loop, &embed);
+ }
+
+ if (!loop_socket)
+ loop_socket = loop;
+
+ // now use loop_socket for all sockets, and loop for everything else
+
+
+=head2 C<ev_fork> - the audacity to resume the event loop after a fork
+
+Fork watchers are called when a C<fork ()> was detected (usually because
+whoever is a good citizen cared to tell libev about it by calling
+C<ev_default_fork> or C<ev_loop_fork>). The invocation is done before the
+event loop blocks next and before C<ev_check> watchers are being called,
+and only in the child after the fork. If whoever good citizen calling
+C<ev_default_fork> cheats and calls it in the wrong process, the fork
+handlers will be invoked, too, of course.
+
+=head3 Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members
+
+=over 4
+
+=item ev_fork_init (ev_signal *, callback)
+
+Initialises and configures the fork watcher - it has no parameters of any
+kind. There is a C<ev_fork_set> macro, but using it is utterly pointless,
+believe me.
+
+=back
+
+
+=head2 C<ev_async> - how to wake up another event loop
+
+In general, you cannot use an C<ev_loop> from multiple threads or other
+asynchronous sources such as signal handlers (as opposed to multiple event
+loops - those are of course safe to use in different threads).
+
+Sometimes, however, you need to wake up another event loop you do not
+control, for example because it belongs to another thread. This is what
+C<ev_async> watchers do: as long as the C<ev_async> watcher is active, you
+can signal it by calling C<ev_async_send>, which is thread- and signal
+safe.
+
+This functionality is very similar to C<ev_signal> watchers, as signals,
+too, are asynchronous in nature, and signals, too, will be compressed
+(i.e. the number of callback invocations may be less than the number of
+C<ev_async_sent> calls).
+
+Unlike C<ev_signal> watchers, C<ev_async> works with any event loop, not
+just the default loop.
+
+=head3 Queueing
+
+C<ev_async> does not support queueing of data in any way. The reason
+is that the author does not know of a simple (or any) algorithm for a
+multiple-writer-single-reader queue that works in all cases and doesn't
+need elaborate support such as pthreads.
+
+That means that if you want to queue data, you have to provide your own
+queue. But at least I can tell you how to implement locking around your
+queue:
+
+=over 4
+
+=item queueing from a signal handler context
+
+To implement race-free queueing, you simply add to the queue in the signal
+handler but you block the signal handler in the watcher callback. Here is
+an example that does that for some fictitious SIGUSR1 handler:
+
+ static ev_async mysig;
+
+ static void
+ sigusr1_handler (void)
+ {
+ sometype data;
+
+ // no locking etc.
+ queue_put (data);
+ ev_async_send (EV_DEFAULT_ &mysig);
+ }
+
+ static void
+ mysig_cb (EV_P_ ev_async *w, int revents)
+ {
+ sometype data;
+ sigset_t block, prev;
+
+ sigemptyset (&block);
+ sigaddset (&block, SIGUSR1);
+ sigprocmask (SIG_BLOCK, &block, &prev);
+
+ while (queue_get (&data))
+ process (data);
+
+ if (sigismember (&prev, SIGUSR1)
+ sigprocmask (SIG_UNBLOCK, &block, 0);
+ }
+
+(Note: pthreads in theory requires you to use C<pthread_setmask>
+instead of C<sigprocmask> when you use threads, but libev doesn't do it
+either...).
+
+=item queueing from a thread context
+
+The strategy for threads is different, as you cannot (easily) block
+threads but you can easily preempt them, so to queue safely you need to
+employ a traditional mutex lock, such as in this pthread example:
+
+ static ev_async mysig;
+ static pthread_mutex_t mymutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
+
+ static void
+ otherthread (void)
+ {
+ // only need to lock the actual queueing operation
+ pthread_mutex_lock (&mymutex);
+ queue_put (data);
+ pthread_mutex_unlock (&mymutex);
+
+ ev_async_send (EV_DEFAULT_ &mysig);
+ }
+
+ static void
+ mysig_cb (EV_P_ ev_async *w, int revents)
+ {
+ pthread_mutex_lock (&mymutex);
+
+ while (queue_get (&data))
+ process (data);
+
+ pthread_mutex_unlock (&mymutex);
+ }
+
+=back
+
+
+=head3 Watcher-Specific Functions and Data Members
+
+=over 4
+
+=item ev_async_init (ev_async *, callback)
+
+Initialises and configures the async watcher - it has no parameters of any
+kind. There is a C<ev_async_set> macro, but using it is utterly pointless,
+trust me.
+
+=item ev_async_send (loop, ev_async *)
+
+Sends/signals/activates the given C<ev_async> watcher, that is, feeds
+an C<EV_ASYNC> event on the watcher into the event loop. Unlike
+C<ev_feed_event>, this call is safe to do from other threads, signal or
+similar contexts (see the discussion of C<EV_ATOMIC_T> in the embedding
+section below on what exactly this means).
+
+This call incurs the overhead of a system call only once per loop iteration,
+so while the overhead might be noticeable, it doesn't apply to repeated
+calls to C<ev_async_send>.
+
+=item bool = ev_async_pending (ev_async *)
+
+Returns a non-zero value when C<ev_async_send> has been called on the
+watcher but the event has not yet been processed (or even noted) by the
+event loop.
+
+C<ev_async_send> sets a flag in the watcher and wakes up the loop. When
+the loop iterates next and checks for the watcher to have become active,
+it will reset the flag again. C<ev_async_pending> can be used to very
+quickly check whether invoking the loop might be a good idea.
+
+Not that this does I<not> check whether the watcher itself is pending, only
+whether it has been requested to make this watcher pending.
+
+=back
+
+
+=head1 OTHER FUNCTIONS
+
+There are some other functions of possible interest. Described. Here. Now.
+
+=over 4
+
+=item ev_once (loop, int fd, int events, ev_tstamp timeout, callback)
+
+This function combines a simple timer and an I/O watcher, calls your
+callback on whichever event happens first and automatically stops both
+watchers. This is useful if you want to wait for a single event on an fd
+or timeout without having to allocate/configure/start/stop/free one or
+more watchers yourself.
+
+If C<fd> is less than 0, then no I/O watcher will be started and the
+C<events> argument is being ignored. Otherwise, an C<ev_io> watcher for
+the given C<fd> and C<events> set will be created and started.
+
+If C<timeout> is less than 0, then no timeout watcher will be
+started. Otherwise an C<ev_timer> watcher with after = C<timeout> (and
+repeat = 0) will be started. C<0> is a valid timeout.
+
+The callback has the type C<void (*cb)(int revents, void *arg)> and gets
+passed an C<revents> set like normal event callbacks (a combination of
+C<EV_ERROR>, C<EV_READ>, C<EV_WRITE> or C<EV_TIMEOUT>) and the C<arg>
+value passed to C<ev_once>. Note that it is possible to receive I<both>
+a timeout and an io event at the same time - you probably should give io
+events precedence.
+
+Example: wait up to ten seconds for data to appear on STDIN_FILENO.
+
+ static void stdin_ready (int revents, void *arg)
+ {
+ if (revents & EV_READ)
+ /* stdin might have data for us, joy! */;
+ else if (revents & EV_TIMEOUT)
+ /* doh, nothing entered */;
+ }
+
+ ev_once (STDIN_FILENO, EV_READ, 10., stdin_ready, 0);
+
+=item ev_feed_event (struct ev_loop *, watcher *, int revents)
+
+Feeds the given event set into the event loop, as if the specified event
+had happened for the specified watcher (which must be a pointer to an
+initialised but not necessarily started event watcher).
+
+=item ev_feed_fd_event (struct ev_loop *, int fd, int revents)
+
+Feed an event on the given fd, as if a file descriptor backend detected
+the given events it.
+
+=item ev_feed_signal_event (struct ev_loop *loop, int signum)
+
+Feed an event as if the given signal occurred (C<loop> must be the default
+loop!).
+
+=back
+
+
+=head1 LIBEVENT EMULATION
+
+Libev offers a compatibility emulation layer for libevent. It cannot
+emulate the internals of libevent, so here are some usage hints:
+
+=over 4
+
+=item * Use it by including <event.h>, as usual.
+
+=item * The following members are fully supported: ev_base, ev_callback,
+ev_arg, ev_fd, ev_res, ev_events.
+
+=item * Avoid using ev_flags and the EVLIST_*-macros, while it is
+maintained by libev, it does not work exactly the same way as in libevent (consider
+it a private API).
+
+=item * Priorities are not currently supported. Initialising priorities
+will fail and all watchers will have the same priority, even though there
+is an ev_pri field.
+
+=item * In libevent, the last base created gets the signals, in libev, the
+first base created (== the default loop) gets the signals.
+
+=item * Other members are not supported.
+
+=item * The libev emulation is I<not> ABI compatible to libevent, you need
+to use the libev header file and library.
+
+=back
+
+=head1 C++ SUPPORT
+
+Libev comes with some simplistic wrapper classes for C++ that mainly allow
+you to use some convenience methods to start/stop watchers and also change
+the callback model to a model using method callbacks on objects.
+
+To use it,
+
+ #include <ev++.h>
+
+This automatically includes F<ev.h> and puts all of its definitions (many
+of them macros) into the global namespace. All C++ specific things are
+put into the C<ev> namespace. It should support all the same embedding
+options as F<ev.h>, most notably C<EV_MULTIPLICITY>.
+
+Care has been taken to keep the overhead low. The only data member the C++
+classes add (compared to plain C-style watchers) is the event loop pointer
+that the watcher is associated with (or no additional members at all if
+you disable C<EV_MULTIPLICITY> when embedding libev).
+
+Currently, functions, and static and non-static member functions can be
+used as callbacks. Other types should be easy to add as long as they only
+need one additional pointer for context. If you need support for other
+types of functors please contact the author (preferably after implementing
+it).
+
+Here is a list of things available in the C<ev> namespace:
+
+=over 4
+
+=item C<ev::READ>, C<ev::WRITE> etc.
+
+These are just enum values with the same values as the C<EV_READ> etc.
+macros from F<ev.h>.
+
+=item C<ev::tstamp>, C<ev::now>
+
+Aliases to the same types/functions as with the C<ev_> prefix.
+
+=item C<ev::io>, C<ev::timer>, C<ev::periodic>, C<ev::idle>, C<ev::sig> etc.
+
+For each C<ev_TYPE> watcher in F<ev.h> there is a corresponding class of
+the same name in the C<ev> namespace, with the exception of C<ev_signal>
+which is called C<ev::sig> to avoid clashes with the C<signal> macro
+defines by many implementations.
+
+All of those classes have these methods:
+
+=over 4
+
+=item ev::TYPE::TYPE ()
+
+=item ev::TYPE::TYPE (struct ev_loop *)
+
+=item ev::TYPE::~TYPE
+
+The constructor (optionally) takes an event loop to associate the watcher
+with. If it is omitted, it will use C<EV_DEFAULT>.
+
+The constructor calls C<ev_init> for you, which means you have to call the
+C<set> method before starting it.
+
+It will not set a callback, however: You have to call the templated C<set>
+method to set a callback before you can start the watcher.
+
+(The reason why you have to use a method is a limitation in C++ which does
+not allow explicit template arguments for constructors).
+
+The destructor automatically stops the watcher if it is active.
+
+=item w->set<class, &class::method> (object *)
+
+This method sets the callback method to call. The method has to have a
+signature of C<void (*)(ev_TYPE &, int)>, it receives the watcher as
+first argument and the C<revents> as second. The object must be given as
+parameter and is stored in the C<data> member of the watcher.
+
+This method synthesizes efficient thunking code to call your method from
+the C callback that libev requires. If your compiler can inline your
+callback (i.e. it is visible to it at the place of the C<set> call and
+your compiler is good :), then the method will be fully inlined into the
+thunking function, making it as fast as a direct C callback.
+
+Example: simple class declaration and watcher initialisation
+
+ struct myclass
+ {
+ void io_cb (ev::io &w, int revents) { }
+ }
+
+ myclass obj;
+ ev::io iow;
+ iow.set <myclass, &myclass::io_cb> (&obj);
+
+=item w->set (object *)
+
+This is an B<experimental> feature that might go away in a future version.
+
+This is a variation of a method callback - leaving out the method to call
+will default the method to C<operator ()>, which makes it possible to use
+functor objects without having to manually specify the C<operator ()> all
+the time. Incidentally, you can then also leave out the template argument
+list.
+
+The C<operator ()> method prototype must be C<void operator ()(watcher &w,
+int revents)>.
+
+See the method-C<set> above for more details.
+
+Example: use a functor object as callback.
+
+ struct myfunctor
+ {
+ void operator() (ev::io &w, int revents)
+ {
+ ...
+ }
+ }
+
+ myfunctor f;
+
+ ev::io w;
+ w.set (&f);
+
+=item w->set<function> (void *data = 0)
+
+Also sets a callback, but uses a static method or plain function as
+callback. The optional C<data> argument will be stored in the watcher's
+C<data> member and is free for you to use.
+
+The prototype of the C<function> must be C<void (*)(ev::TYPE &w, int)>.
+
+See the method-C<set> above for more details.
+
+Example: Use a plain function as callback.
+
+ static void io_cb (ev::io &w, int revents) { }
+ iow.set <io_cb> ();
+
+=item w->set (struct ev_loop *)
+
+Associates a different C<struct ev_loop> with this watcher. You can only
+do this when the watcher is inactive (and not pending either).
+
+=item w->set ([arguments])
+
+Basically the same as C<ev_TYPE_set>, with the same arguments. Must be
+called at least once. Unlike the C counterpart, an active watcher gets
+automatically stopped and restarted when reconfiguring it with this
+method.
+
+=item w->start ()
+
+Starts the watcher. Note that there is no C<loop> argument, as the
+constructor already stores the event loop.
+
+=item w->stop ()
+
+Stops the watcher if it is active. Again, no C<loop> argument.
+
+=item w->again () (C<ev::timer>, C<ev::periodic> only)
+
+For C<ev::timer> and C<ev::periodic>, this invokes the corresponding
+C<ev_TYPE_again> function.
+
+=item w->sweep () (C<ev::embed> only)
+
+Invokes C<ev_embed_sweep>.
+
+=item w->update () (C<ev::stat> only)
+
+Invokes C<ev_stat_stat>.
+
+=back
+
+=back
+
+Example: Define a class with an IO and idle watcher, start one of them in
+the constructor.
+
+ class myclass
+ {
+ ev::io io ; void io_cb (ev::io &w, int revents);
+ ev::idle idle; void idle_cb (ev::idle &w, int revents);
+
+ myclass (int fd)
+ {
+ io .set <myclass, &myclass::io_cb > (this);
+ idle.set <myclass, &myclass::idle_cb> (this);
+
+ io.start (fd, ev::READ);
+ }
+ };
+
+
+=head1 OTHER LANGUAGE BINDINGS
+
+Libev does not offer other language bindings itself, but bindings for a
+number of languages exist in the form of third-party packages. If you know
+any interesting language binding in addition to the ones listed here, drop
+me a note.
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Perl
+
+The EV module implements the full libev API and is actually used to test
+libev. EV is developed together with libev. Apart from the EV core module,
+there are additional modules that implement libev-compatible interfaces
+to C<libadns> (C<EV::ADNS>, but C<AnyEvent::DNS> is preferred nowadays),
+C<Net::SNMP> (C<Net::SNMP::EV>) and the C<libglib> event core (C<Glib::EV>
+and C<EV::Glib>).
+
+It can be found and installed via CPAN, its homepage is at
+L<http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/EV>.
+
+=item Python
+
+Python bindings can be found at L<http://code.google.com/p/pyev/>. It
+seems to be quite complete and well-documented. Note, however, that the
+patch they require for libev is outright dangerous as it breaks the ABI
+for everybody else, and therefore, should never be applied in an installed
+libev (if python requires an incompatible ABI then it needs to embed
+libev).
+
+=item Ruby
+
+Tony Arcieri has written a ruby extension that offers access to a subset
+of the libev API and adds file handle abstractions, asynchronous DNS and
+more on top of it. It can be found via gem servers. Its homepage is at
+L<http://rev.rubyforge.org/>.
+
+Roger Pack reports that using the link order C<-lws2_32 -lmsvcrt-ruby-190>
+makes rev work even on mingw.
+
+=item D
+
+Leandro Lucarella has written a D language binding (F<ev.d>) for libev, to
+be found at L<http://proj.llucax.com.ar/wiki/evd>.
+
+=item Ocaml
+
+Erkki Seppala has written Ocaml bindings for libev, to be found at
+L<http://modeemi.cs.tut.fi/~flux/software/ocaml-ev/>.
+
+=back
+
+
+=head1 MACRO MAGIC
+
+Libev can be compiled with a variety of options, the most fundamental
+of which is C<EV_MULTIPLICITY>. This option determines whether (most)
+functions and callbacks have an initial C<struct ev_loop *> argument.
+
+To make it easier to write programs that cope with either variant, the
+following macros are defined:
+
+=over 4
+
+=item C<EV_A>, C<EV_A_>
+
+This provides the loop I<argument> for functions, if one is required ("ev
+loop argument"). The C<EV_A> form is used when this is the sole argument,
+C<EV_A_> is used when other arguments are following. Example:
+
+ ev_unref (EV_A);
+ ev_timer_add (EV_A_ watcher);
+ ev_loop (EV_A_ 0);
+
+It assumes the variable C<loop> of type C<struct ev_loop *> is in scope,
+which is often provided by the following macro.
+
+=item C<EV_P>, C<EV_P_>
+
+This provides the loop I<parameter> for functions, if one is required ("ev
+loop parameter"). The C<EV_P> form is used when this is the sole parameter,
+C<EV_P_> is used when other parameters are following. Example:
+
+ // this is how ev_unref is being declared
+ static void ev_unref (EV_P);
+
+ // this is how you can declare your typical callback
+ static void cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents)
+
+It declares a parameter C<loop> of type C<struct ev_loop *>, quite
+suitable for use with C<EV_A>.
+
+=item C<EV_DEFAULT>, C<EV_DEFAULT_>
+
+Similar to the other two macros, this gives you the value of the default
+loop, if multiple loops are supported ("ev loop default").
+
+=item C<EV_DEFAULT_UC>, C<EV_DEFAULT_UC_>
+
+Usage identical to C<EV_DEFAULT> and C<EV_DEFAULT_>, but requires that the
+default loop has been initialised (C<UC> == unchecked). Their behaviour
+is undefined when the default loop has not been initialised by a previous
+execution of C<EV_DEFAULT>, C<EV_DEFAULT_> or C<ev_default_init (...)>.
+
+It is often prudent to use C<EV_DEFAULT> when initialising the first
+watcher in a function but use C<EV_DEFAULT_UC> afterwards.
+
+=back
+
+Example: Declare and initialise a check watcher, utilising the above
+macros so it will work regardless of whether multiple loops are supported
+or not.
+
+ static void
+ check_cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents)
+ {
+ ev_check_stop (EV_A_ w);
+ }
+
+ ev_check check;
+ ev_check_init (&check, check_cb);
+ ev_check_start (EV_DEFAULT_ &check);
+ ev_loop (EV_DEFAULT_ 0);
+
+=head1 EMBEDDING
+
+Libev can (and often is) directly embedded into host
+applications. Examples of applications that embed it include the Deliantra
+Game Server, the EV perl module, the GNU Virtual Private Ethernet (gvpe)
+and rxvt-unicode.
+
+The goal is to enable you to just copy the necessary files into your
+source directory without having to change even a single line in them, so
+you can easily upgrade by simply copying (or having a checked-out copy of
+libev somewhere in your source tree).
+
+=head2 FILESETS
+
+Depending on what features you need you need to include one or more sets of files
+in your application.
+
+=head3 CORE EVENT LOOP
+
+To include only the libev core (all the C<ev_*> functions), with manual
+configuration (no autoconf):
+
+ #define EV_STANDALONE 1
+ #include "ev.c"
+
+This will automatically include F<ev.h>, too, and should be done in a
+single C source file only to provide the function implementations. To use
+it, do the same for F<ev.h> in all files wishing to use this API (best
+done by writing a wrapper around F<ev.h> that you can include instead and
+where you can put other configuration options):
+
+ #define EV_STANDALONE 1
+ #include "ev.h"
+
+Both header files and implementation files can be compiled with a C++
+compiler (at least, that's a stated goal, and breakage will be treated
+as a bug).
+
+You need the following files in your source tree, or in a directory
+in your include path (e.g. in libev/ when using -Ilibev):
+
+ ev.h
+ ev.c
+ ev_vars.h
+ ev_wrap.h
+
+ ev_win32.c required on win32 platforms only
+
+ ev_select.c only when select backend is enabled (which is enabled by default)
+ ev_poll.c only when poll backend is enabled (disabled by default)
+ ev_epoll.c only when the epoll backend is enabled (disabled by default)
+ ev_kqueue.c only when the kqueue backend is enabled (disabled by default)
+ ev_port.c only when the solaris port backend is enabled (disabled by default)
+
+F<ev.c> includes the backend files directly when enabled, so you only need
+to compile this single file.
+
+=head3 LIBEVENT COMPATIBILITY API
+
+To include the libevent compatibility API, also include:
+
+ #include "event.c"
+
+in the file including F<ev.c>, and:
+
+ #include "event.h"
+
+in the files that want to use the libevent API. This also includes F<ev.h>.
+
+You need the following additional files for this:
+
+ event.h
+ event.c
+
+=head3 AUTOCONF SUPPORT
+
+Instead of using C<EV_STANDALONE=1> and providing your configuration in
+whatever way you want, you can also C<m4_include([libev.m4])> in your
+F<configure.ac> and leave C<EV_STANDALONE> undefined. F<ev.c> will then
+include F<config.h> and configure itself accordingly.
+
+For this of course you need the m4 file:
+
+ libev.m4
+
+=head2 PREPROCESSOR SYMBOLS/MACROS
+
+Libev can be configured via a variety of preprocessor symbols you have to
+define before including any of its files. The default in the absence of
+autoconf is documented for every option.
+
+=over 4
+
+=item EV_STANDALONE
+
+Must always be C<1> if you do not use autoconf configuration, which
+keeps libev from including F<config.h>, and it also defines dummy
+implementations for some libevent functions (such as logging, which is not
+supported). It will also not define any of the structs usually found in
+F<event.h> that are not directly supported by the libev core alone.
+
+In stanbdalone mode, libev will still try to automatically deduce the
+configuration, but has to be more conservative.
+
+=item EV_USE_MONOTONIC
+
+If defined to be C<1>, libev will try to detect the availability of the
+monotonic clock option at both compile time and runtime. Otherwise no
+use of the monotonic clock option will be attempted. If you enable this,
+you usually have to link against librt or something similar. Enabling it
+when the functionality isn't available is safe, though, although you have
+to make sure you link against any libraries where the C<clock_gettime>
+function is hiding in (often F<-lrt>). See also C<EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL>.
+
+=item EV_USE_REALTIME
+
+If defined to be C<1>, libev will try to detect the availability of the
+real-time clock option at compile time (and assume its availability
+at runtime if successful). Otherwise no use of the real-time clock
+option will be attempted. This effectively replaces C<gettimeofday>
+by C<clock_get (CLOCK_REALTIME, ...)> and will not normally affect
+correctness. See the note about libraries in the description of
+C<EV_USE_MONOTONIC>, though. Defaults to the opposite value of
+C<EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL>.
+
+=item EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
+
+If defined to be C<1>, libev will try to use a direct syscall instead
+of calling the system-provided C<clock_gettime> function. This option
+exists because on GNU/Linux, C<clock_gettime> is in C<librt>, but C<librt>
+unconditionally pulls in C<libpthread>, slowing down single-threaded
+programs needlessly. Using a direct syscall is slightly slower (in
+theory), because no optimised vdso implementation can be used, but avoids
+the pthread dependency. Defaults to C<1> on GNU/Linux with glibc 2.x or
+higher, as it simplifies linking (no need for C<-lrt>).
+
+=item EV_USE_NANOSLEEP
+
+If defined to be C<1>, libev will assume that C<nanosleep ()> is available
+and will use it for delays. Otherwise it will use C<select ()>.
+
+=item EV_USE_EVENTFD
+
+If defined to be C<1>, then libev will assume that C<eventfd ()> is
+available and will probe for kernel support at runtime. This will improve
+C<ev_signal> and C<ev_async> performance and reduce resource consumption.
+If undefined, it will be enabled if the headers indicate GNU/Linux + Glibc
+2.7 or newer, otherwise disabled.
+
+=item EV_USE_SELECT
+
+If undefined or defined to be C<1>, libev will compile in support for the
+C<select>(2) backend. No attempt at auto-detection will be done: if no
+other method takes over, select will be it. Otherwise the select backend
+will not be compiled in.
+
+=item EV_SELECT_USE_FD_SET
+
+If defined to C<1>, then the select backend will use the system C<fd_set>
+structure. This is useful if libev doesn't compile due to a missing
+C<NFDBITS> or C<fd_mask> definition or it mis-guesses the bitset layout
+on exotic systems. This usually limits the range of file descriptors to
+some low limit such as 1024 or might have other limitations (winsocket
+only allows 64 sockets). The C<FD_SETSIZE> macro, set before compilation,
+configures the maximum size of the C<fd_set>.
+
+=item EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET
+
+When defined to C<1>, the select backend will assume that
+select/socket/connect etc. don't understand file descriptors but
+wants osf handles on win32 (this is the case when the select to
+be used is the winsock select). This means that it will call
+C<_get_osfhandle> on the fd to convert it to an OS handle. Otherwise,
+it is assumed that all these functions actually work on fds, even
+on win32. Should not be defined on non-win32 platforms.
+
+=item EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE
+
+If C<EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET> is enabled, then libev needs a way to map
+file descriptors to socket handles. When not defining this symbol (the
+default), then libev will call C<_get_osfhandle>, which is usually
+correct. In some cases, programs use their own file descriptor management,
+in which case they can provide this function to map fds to socket handles.
+
+=item EV_USE_POLL
+
+If defined to be C<1>, libev will compile in support for the C<poll>(2)
+backend. Otherwise it will be enabled on non-win32 platforms. It
+takes precedence over select.
+
+=item EV_USE_EPOLL
+
+If defined to be C<1>, libev will compile in support for the Linux
+C<epoll>(7) backend. Its availability will be detected at runtime,
+otherwise another method will be used as fallback. This is the preferred
+backend for GNU/Linux systems. If undefined, it will be enabled if the
+headers indicate GNU/Linux + Glibc 2.4 or newer, otherwise disabled.
+
+=item EV_USE_KQUEUE
+
+If defined to be C<1>, libev will compile in support for the BSD style
+C<kqueue>(2) backend. Its actual availability will be detected at runtime,
+otherwise another method will be used as fallback. This is the preferred
+backend for BSD and BSD-like systems, although on most BSDs kqueue only
+supports some types of fds correctly (the only platform we found that
+supports ptys for example was NetBSD), so kqueue might be compiled in, but
+not be used unless explicitly requested. The best way to use it is to find
+out whether kqueue supports your type of fd properly and use an embedded
+kqueue loop.
+
+=item EV_USE_PORT
+
+If defined to be C<1>, libev will compile in support for the Solaris
+10 port style backend. Its availability will be detected at runtime,
+otherwise another method will be used as fallback. This is the preferred
+backend for Solaris 10 systems.
+
+=item EV_USE_DEVPOLL
+
+Reserved for future expansion, works like the USE symbols above.
+
+=item EV_USE_INOTIFY
+
+If defined to be C<1>, libev will compile in support for the Linux inotify
+interface to speed up C<ev_stat> watchers. Its actual availability will
+be detected at runtime. If undefined, it will be enabled if the headers
+indicate GNU/Linux + Glibc 2.4 or newer, otherwise disabled.
+
+=item EV_ATOMIC_T
+
+Libev requires an integer type (suitable for storing C<0> or C<1>) whose
+access is atomic with respect to other threads or signal contexts. No such
+type is easily found in the C language, so you can provide your own type
+that you know is safe for your purposes. It is used both for signal handler "locking"
+as well as for signal and thread safety in C<ev_async> watchers.
+
+In the absence of this define, libev will use C<sig_atomic_t volatile>
+(from F<signal.h>), which is usually good enough on most platforms.
+
+=item EV_H
+
+The name of the F<ev.h> header file used to include it. The default if
+undefined is C<"ev.h"> in F<event.h>, F<ev.c> and F<ev++.h>. This can be
+used to virtually rename the F<ev.h> header file in case of conflicts.
+
+=item EV_CONFIG_H
+
+If C<EV_STANDALONE> isn't C<1>, this variable can be used to override
+F<ev.c>'s idea of where to find the F<config.h> file, similarly to
+C<EV_H>, above.
+
+=item EV_EVENT_H
+
+Similarly to C<EV_H>, this macro can be used to override F<event.c>'s idea
+of how the F<event.h> header can be found, the default is C<"event.h">.
+
+=item EV_PROTOTYPES
+
+If defined to be C<0>, then F<ev.h> will not define any function
+prototypes, but still define all the structs and other symbols. This is
+occasionally useful if you want to provide your own wrapper functions
+around libev functions.
+
+=item EV_MULTIPLICITY
+
+If undefined or defined to C<1>, then all event-loop-specific functions
+will have the C<struct ev_loop *> as first argument, and you can create
+additional independent event loops. Otherwise there will be no support
+for multiple event loops and there is no first event loop pointer
+argument. Instead, all functions act on the single default loop.
+
+=item EV_MINPRI
+
+=item EV_MAXPRI
+
+The range of allowed priorities. C<EV_MINPRI> must be smaller or equal to
+C<EV_MAXPRI>, but otherwise there are no non-obvious limitations. You can
+provide for more priorities by overriding those symbols (usually defined
+to be C<-2> and C<2>, respectively).
+
+When doing priority-based operations, libev usually has to linearly search
+all the priorities, so having many of them (hundreds) uses a lot of space
+and time, so using the defaults of five priorities (-2 .. +2) is usually
+fine.
+
+If your embedding application does not need any priorities, defining these
+both to C<0> will save some memory and CPU.
+
+=item EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
+
+If undefined or defined to be C<1>, then periodic timers are supported. If
+defined to be C<0>, then they are not. Disabling them saves a few kB of
+code.
+
+=item EV_IDLE_ENABLE
+
+If undefined or defined to be C<1>, then idle watchers are supported. If
+defined to be C<0>, then they are not. Disabling them saves a few kB of
+code.
+
+=item EV_EMBED_ENABLE
+
+If undefined or defined to be C<1>, then embed watchers are supported. If
+defined to be C<0>, then they are not. Embed watchers rely on most other
+watcher types, which therefore must not be disabled.
+
+=item EV_STAT_ENABLE
+
+If undefined or defined to be C<1>, then stat watchers are supported. If
+defined to be C<0>, then they are not.
+
+=item EV_FORK_ENABLE
+
+If undefined or defined to be C<1>, then fork watchers are supported. If
+defined to be C<0>, then they are not.
+
+=item EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
+
+If undefined or defined to be C<1>, then async watchers are supported. If
+defined to be C<0>, then they are not.
+
+=item EV_MINIMAL
+
+If you need to shave off some kilobytes of code at the expense of some
+speed, define this symbol to C<1>. Currently this is used to override some
+inlining decisions, saves roughly 30% code size on amd64. It also selects a
+much smaller 2-heap for timer management over the default 4-heap.
+
+=item EV_PID_HASHSIZE
+
+C<ev_child> watchers use a small hash table to distribute workload by
+pid. The default size is C<16> (or C<1> with C<EV_MINIMAL>), usually more
+than enough. If you need to manage thousands of children you might want to
+increase this value (I<must> be a power of two).
+
+=item EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE
+
+C<ev_stat> watchers use a small hash table to distribute workload by
+inotify watch id. The default size is C<16> (or C<1> with C<EV_MINIMAL>),
+usually more than enough. If you need to manage thousands of C<ev_stat>
+watchers you might want to increase this value (I<must> be a power of
+two).
+
+=item EV_USE_4HEAP
+
+Heaps are not very cache-efficient. To improve the cache-efficiency of the
+timer and periodics heaps, libev uses a 4-heap when this symbol is defined
+to C<1>. The 4-heap uses more complicated (longer) code but has noticeably
+faster performance with many (thousands) of watchers.
+
+The default is C<1> unless C<EV_MINIMAL> is set in which case it is C<0>
+(disabled).
+
+=item EV_HEAP_CACHE_AT
+
+Heaps are not very cache-efficient. To improve the cache-efficiency of the
+timer and periodics heaps, libev can cache the timestamp (I<at>) within
+the heap structure (selected by defining C<EV_HEAP_CACHE_AT> to C<1>),
+which uses 8-12 bytes more per watcher and a few hundred bytes more code,
+but avoids random read accesses on heap changes. This improves performance
+noticeably with many (hundreds) of watchers.
+
+The default is C<1> unless C<EV_MINIMAL> is set in which case it is C<0>
+(disabled).
+
+=item EV_VERIFY
+
+Controls how much internal verification (see C<ev_loop_verify ()>) will
+be done: If set to C<0>, no internal verification code will be compiled
+in. If set to C<1>, then verification code will be compiled in, but not
+called. If set to C<2>, then the internal verification code will be
+called once per loop, which can slow down libev. If set to C<3>, then the
+verification code will be called very frequently, which will slow down
+libev considerably.
+
+The default is C<1>, unless C<EV_MINIMAL> is set, in which case it will be
+C<0>.
+
+=item EV_COMMON
+
+By default, all watchers have a C<void *data> member. By redefining
+this macro to a something else you can include more and other types of
+members. You have to define it each time you include one of the files,
+though, and it must be identical each time.
+
+For example, the perl EV module uses something like this:
+
+ #define EV_COMMON \
+ SV *self; /* contains this struct */ \
+ SV *cb_sv, *fh /* note no trailing ";" */
+
+=item EV_CB_DECLARE (type)
+
+=item EV_CB_INVOKE (watcher, revents)
+
+=item ev_set_cb (ev, cb)
+
+Can be used to change the callback member declaration in each watcher,
+and the way callbacks are invoked and set. Must expand to a struct member
+definition and a statement, respectively. See the F<ev.h> header file for
+their default definitions. One possible use for overriding these is to
+avoid the C<struct ev_loop *> as first argument in all cases, or to use
+method calls instead of plain function calls in C++.
+
+=back
+
+=head2 EXPORTED API SYMBOLS
+
+If you need to re-export the API (e.g. via a DLL) and you need a list of
+exported symbols, you can use the provided F<Symbol.*> files which list
+all public symbols, one per line:
+
+ Symbols.ev for libev proper
+ Symbols.event for the libevent emulation
+
+This can also be used to rename all public symbols to avoid clashes with
+multiple versions of libev linked together (which is obviously bad in
+itself, but sometimes it is inconvenient to avoid this).
+
+A sed command like this will create wrapper C<#define>'s that you need to
+include before including F<ev.h>:
+
+ <Symbols.ev sed -e "s/.*/#define & myprefix_&/" >wrap.h
+
+This would create a file F<wrap.h> which essentially looks like this:
+
+ #define ev_backend myprefix_ev_backend
+ #define ev_check_start myprefix_ev_check_start
+ #define ev_check_stop myprefix_ev_check_stop
+ ...
+
+=head2 EXAMPLES
+
+For a real-world example of a program the includes libev
+verbatim, you can have a look at the EV perl module
+(L<http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/EV.html>). It has the libev files in
+the F<libev/> subdirectory and includes them in the F<EV/EVAPI.h> (public
+interface) and F<EV.xs> (implementation) files. Only the F<EV.xs> file
+will be compiled. It is pretty complex because it provides its own header
+file.
+
+The usage in rxvt-unicode is simpler. It has a F<ev_cpp.h> header file
+that everybody includes and which overrides some configure choices:
+
+ #define EV_MINIMAL 1
+ #define EV_USE_POLL 0
+ #define EV_MULTIPLICITY 0
+ #define EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE 0
+ #define EV_STAT_ENABLE 0
+ #define EV_FORK_ENABLE 0
+ #define EV_CONFIG_H <config.h>
+ #define EV_MINPRI 0
+ #define EV_MAXPRI 0
+
+ #include "ev++.h"
+
+And a F<ev_cpp.C> implementation file that contains libev proper and is compiled:
+
+ #include "ev_cpp.h"
+ #include "ev.c"
+
+=head1 INTERACTION WITH OTHER PROGRAMS OR LIBRARIES
+
+=head2 THREADS AND COROUTINES
+
+=head3 THREADS
+
+All libev functions are reentrant and thread-safe unless explicitly
+documented otherwise, but libev implements no locking itself. This means
+that you can use as many loops as you want in parallel, as long as there
+are no concurrent calls into any libev function with the same loop
+parameter (C<ev_default_*> calls have an implicit default loop parameter,
+of course): libev guarantees that different event loops share no data
+structures that need any locking.
+
+Or to put it differently: calls with different loop parameters can be done
+concurrently from multiple threads, calls with the same loop parameter
+must be done serially (but can be done from different threads, as long as
+only one thread ever is inside a call at any point in time, e.g. by using
+a mutex per loop).
+
+Specifically to support threads (and signal handlers), libev implements
+so-called C<ev_async> watchers, which allow some limited form of
+concurrency on the same event loop, namely waking it up "from the
+outside".
+
+If you want to know which design (one loop, locking, or multiple loops
+without or something else still) is best for your problem, then I cannot
+help you, but here is some generic advice:
+
+=over 4
+
+=item * most applications have a main thread: use the default libev loop
+in that thread, or create a separate thread running only the default loop.
+
+This helps integrating other libraries or software modules that use libev
+themselves and don't care/know about threading.
+
+=item * one loop per thread is usually a good model.
+
+Doing this is almost never wrong, sometimes a better-performance model
+exists, but it is always a good start.
+
+=item * other models exist, such as the leader/follower pattern, where one
+loop is handed through multiple threads in a kind of round-robin fashion.
+
+Choosing a model is hard - look around, learn, know that usually you can do
+better than you currently do :-)
+
+=item * often you need to talk to some other thread which blocks in the
+event loop.
+
+C<ev_async> watchers can be used to wake them up from other threads safely
+(or from signal contexts...).
+
+An example use would be to communicate signals or other events that only
+work in the default loop by registering the signal watcher with the
+default loop and triggering an C<ev_async> watcher from the default loop
+watcher callback into the event loop interested in the signal.
+
+=back
+
+=head3 COROUTINES
+
+Libev is very accommodating to coroutines ("cooperative threads"):
+libev fully supports nesting calls to its functions from different
+coroutines (e.g. you can call C<ev_loop> on the same loop from two
+different coroutines, and switch freely between both coroutines running the
+loop, as long as you don't confuse yourself). The only exception is that
+you must not do this from C<ev_periodic> reschedule callbacks.
+
+Care has been taken to ensure that libev does not keep local state inside
+C<ev_loop>, and other calls do not usually allow for coroutine switches as
+they do not call any callbacks.
+
+=head2 COMPILER WARNINGS
+
+Depending on your compiler and compiler settings, you might get no or a
+lot of warnings when compiling libev code. Some people are apparently
+scared by this.
+
+However, these are unavoidable for many reasons. For one, each compiler
+has different warnings, and each user has different tastes regarding
+warning options. "Warn-free" code therefore cannot be a goal except when
+targeting a specific compiler and compiler-version.
+
+Another reason is that some compiler warnings require elaborate
+workarounds, or other changes to the code that make it less clear and less
+maintainable.
+
+And of course, some compiler warnings are just plain stupid, or simply
+wrong (because they don't actually warn about the condition their message
+seems to warn about). For example, certain older gcc versions had some
+warnings that resulted an extreme number of false positives. These have
+been fixed, but some people still insist on making code warn-free with
+such buggy versions.
+
+While libev is written to generate as few warnings as possible,
+"warn-free" code is not a goal, and it is recommended not to build libev
+with any compiler warnings enabled unless you are prepared to cope with
+them (e.g. by ignoring them). Remember that warnings are just that:
+warnings, not errors, or proof of bugs.
+
+
+=head2 VALGRIND
+
+Valgrind has a special section here because it is a popular tool that is
+highly useful. Unfortunately, valgrind reports are very hard to interpret.
+
+If you think you found a bug (memory leak, uninitialised data access etc.)
+in libev, then check twice: If valgrind reports something like:
+
+ ==2274== definitely lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks.
+ ==2274== possibly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks.
+ ==2274== still reachable: 256 bytes in 1 blocks.
+
+Then there is no memory leak, just as memory accounted to global variables
+is not a memleak - the memory is still being referenced, and didn't leak.
+
+Similarly, under some circumstances, valgrind might report kernel bugs
+as if it were a bug in libev (e.g. in realloc or in the poll backend,
+although an acceptable workaround has been found here), or it might be
+confused.
+
+Keep in mind that valgrind is a very good tool, but only a tool. Don't
+make it into some kind of religion.
+
+If you are unsure about something, feel free to contact the mailing list
+with the full valgrind report and an explanation on why you think this
+is a bug in libev (best check the archives, too :). However, don't be
+annoyed when you get a brisk "this is no bug" answer and take the chance
+of learning how to interpret valgrind properly.
+
+If you need, for some reason, empty reports from valgrind for your project
+I suggest using suppression lists.
+
+
+=head1 PORTABILITY NOTES
+
+=head2 WIN32 PLATFORM LIMITATIONS AND WORKAROUNDS
+
+Win32 doesn't support any of the standards (e.g. POSIX) that libev
+requires, and its I/O model is fundamentally incompatible with the POSIX
+model. Libev still offers limited functionality on this platform in
+the form of the C<EVBACKEND_SELECT> backend, and only supports socket
+descriptors. This only applies when using Win32 natively, not when using
+e.g. cygwin.
+
+Lifting these limitations would basically require the full
+re-implementation of the I/O system. If you are into these kinds of
+things, then note that glib does exactly that for you in a very portable
+way (note also that glib is the slowest event library known to man).
+
+There is no supported compilation method available on windows except
+embedding it into other applications.
+
+Not a libev limitation but worth mentioning: windows apparently doesn't
+accept large writes: instead of resulting in a partial write, windows will
+either accept everything or return C<ENOBUFS> if the buffer is too large,
+so make sure you only write small amounts into your sockets (less than a
+megabyte seems safe, but this apparently depends on the amount of memory
+available).
+
+Due to the many, low, and arbitrary limits on the win32 platform and
+the abysmal performance of winsockets, using a large number of sockets
+is not recommended (and not reasonable). If your program needs to use
+more than a hundred or so sockets, then likely it needs to use a totally
+different implementation for windows, as libev offers the POSIX readiness
+notification model, which cannot be implemented efficiently on windows
+(Microsoft monopoly games).
+
+A typical way to use libev under windows is to embed it (see the embedding
+section for details) and use the following F<evwrap.h> header file instead
+of F<ev.h>:
+
+ #define EV_STANDALONE /* keeps ev from requiring config.h */
+ #define EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET 1 /* configure libev for windows select */
+
+ #include "ev.h"
+
+And compile the following F<evwrap.c> file into your project (make sure
+you do I<not> compile the F<ev.c> or any other embedded source files!):
+
+ #include "evwrap.h"
+ #include "ev.c"
+
+=over 4
+
+=item The winsocket select function
+
+The winsocket C<select> function doesn't follow POSIX in that it
+requires socket I<handles> and not socket I<file descriptors> (it is
+also extremely buggy). This makes select very inefficient, and also
+requires a mapping from file descriptors to socket handles (the Microsoft
+C runtime provides the function C<_open_osfhandle> for this). See the
+discussion of the C<EV_SELECT_USE_FD_SET>, C<EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET> and
+C<EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE> preprocessor symbols for more info.
+
+The configuration for a "naked" win32 using the Microsoft runtime
+libraries and raw winsocket select is:
+
+ #define EV_USE_SELECT 1
+ #define EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET 1 /* forces EV_SELECT_USE_FD_SET, too */
+
+Note that winsockets handling of fd sets is O(n), so you can easily get a
+complexity in the O(n²) range when using win32.
+
+=item Limited number of file descriptors
+
+Windows has numerous arbitrary (and low) limits on things.
+
+Early versions of winsocket's select only supported waiting for a maximum
+of C<64> handles (probably owning to the fact that all windows kernels
+can only wait for C<64> things at the same time internally; Microsoft
+recommends spawning a chain of threads and wait for 63 handles and the
+previous thread in each. Great).
+
+Newer versions support more handles, but you need to define C<FD_SETSIZE>
+to some high number (e.g. C<2048>) before compiling the winsocket select
+call (which might be in libev or elsewhere, for example, perl does its own
+select emulation on windows).
+
+Another limit is the number of file descriptors in the Microsoft runtime
+libraries, which by default is C<64> (there must be a hidden I<64> fetish
+or something like this inside Microsoft). You can increase this by calling
+C<_setmaxstdio>, which can increase this limit to C<2048> (another
+arbitrary limit), but is broken in many versions of the Microsoft runtime
+libraries.
+
+This might get you to about C<512> or C<2048> sockets (depending on
+windows version and/or the phase of the moon). To get more, you need to
+wrap all I/O functions and provide your own fd management, but the cost of
+calling select (O(n²)) will likely make this unworkable.
+
+=back
+
+=head2 PORTABILITY REQUIREMENTS
+
+In addition to a working ISO-C implementation and of course the
+backend-specific APIs, libev relies on a few additional extensions:
+
+=over 4
+
+=item C<void (*)(ev_watcher_type *, int revents)> must have compatible
+calling conventions regardless of C<ev_watcher_type *>.
+
+Libev assumes not only that all watcher pointers have the same internal
+structure (guaranteed by POSIX but not by ISO C for example), but it also
+assumes that the same (machine) code can be used to call any watcher
+callback: The watcher callbacks have different type signatures, but libev
+calls them using an C<ev_watcher *> internally.
+
+=item C<sig_atomic_t volatile> must be thread-atomic as well
+
+The type C<sig_atomic_t volatile> (or whatever is defined as
+C<EV_ATOMIC_T>) must be atomic with respect to accesses from different
+threads. This is not part of the specification for C<sig_atomic_t>, but is
+believed to be sufficiently portable.
+
+=item C<sigprocmask> must work in a threaded environment
+
+Libev uses C<sigprocmask> to temporarily block signals. This is not
+allowed in a threaded program (C<pthread_sigmask> has to be used). Typical
+pthread implementations will either allow C<sigprocmask> in the "main
+thread" or will block signals process-wide, both behaviours would
+be compatible with libev. Interaction between C<sigprocmask> and
+C<pthread_sigmask> could complicate things, however.
+
+The most portable way to handle signals is to block signals in all threads
+except the initial one, and run the default loop in the initial thread as
+well.
+
+=item C<long> must be large enough for common memory allocation sizes
+
+To improve portability and simplify its API, libev uses C<long> internally
+instead of C<size_t> when allocating its data structures. On non-POSIX
+systems (Microsoft...) this might be unexpectedly low, but is still at
+least 31 bits everywhere, which is enough for hundreds of millions of
+watchers.
+
+=item C<double> must hold a time value in seconds with enough accuracy
+
+The type C<double> is used to represent timestamps. It is required to
+have at least 51 bits of mantissa (and 9 bits of exponent), which is good
+enough for at least into the year 4000. This requirement is fulfilled by
+implementations implementing IEEE 754 (basically all existing ones).
+
+=back
+
+If you know of other additional requirements drop me a note.
+
+
+=head1 ALGORITHMIC COMPLEXITIES
+
+In this section the complexities of (many of) the algorithms used inside
+libev will be documented. For complexity discussions about backends see
+the documentation for C<ev_default_init>.
+
+All of the following are about amortised time: If an array needs to be
+extended, libev needs to realloc and move the whole array, but this
+happens asymptotically rarer with higher number of elements, so O(1) might
+mean that libev does a lengthy realloc operation in rare cases, but on
+average it is much faster and asymptotically approaches constant time.
+
+=over 4
+
+=item Starting and stopping timer/periodic watchers: O(log skipped_other_timers)
+
+This means that, when you have a watcher that triggers in one hour and
+there are 100 watchers that would trigger before that, then inserting will
+have to skip roughly seven (C<ld 100>) of these watchers.
+
+=item Changing timer/periodic watchers (by autorepeat or calling again): O(log skipped_other_timers)
+
+That means that changing a timer costs less than removing/adding them,
+as only the relative motion in the event queue has to be paid for.
+
+=item Starting io/check/prepare/idle/signal/child/fork/async watchers: O(1)
+
+These just add the watcher into an array or at the head of a list.
+
+=item Stopping check/prepare/idle/fork/async watchers: O(1)
+
+=item Stopping an io/signal/child watcher: O(number_of_watchers_for_this_(fd/signal/pid % EV_PID_HASHSIZE))
+
+These watchers are stored in lists, so they need to be walked to find the
+correct watcher to remove. The lists are usually short (you don't usually
+have many watchers waiting for the same fd or signal: one is typical, two
+is rare).
+
+=item Finding the next timer in each loop iteration: O(1)
+
+By virtue of using a binary or 4-heap, the next timer is always found at a
+fixed position in the storage array.
+
+=item Each change on a file descriptor per loop iteration: O(number_of_watchers_for_this_fd)
+
+A change means an I/O watcher gets started or stopped, which requires
+libev to recalculate its status (and possibly tell the kernel, depending
+on backend and whether C<ev_io_set> was used).
+
+=item Activating one watcher (putting it into the pending state): O(1)
+
+=item Priority handling: O(number_of_priorities)
+
+Priorities are implemented by allocating some space for each
+priority. When doing priority-based operations, libev usually has to
+linearly search all the priorities, but starting/stopping and activating
+watchers becomes O(1) with respect to priority handling.
+
+=item Sending an ev_async: O(1)
+
+=item Processing ev_async_send: O(number_of_async_watchers)
+
+=item Processing signals: O(max_signal_number)
+
+Sending involves a system call I<iff> there were no other C<ev_async_send>
+calls in the current loop iteration. Checking for async and signal events
+involves iterating over all running async watchers or all signal numbers.
+
+=back
+
+
+=head1 AUTHOR
+
+Marc Lehmann <libev@schmorp.de>, with repeated corrections by Mikael Magnusson.
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * libev epoll fd activity backend
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007,2008 Marc Alexander Lehmann <libev@schmorp.de>
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modifica-
+ * tion, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
+ * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MER-
+ * CHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
+ * EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPE-
+ * CIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+ * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
+ * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
+ * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTH-
+ * ERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
+ * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of
+ * the GNU General Public License ("GPL") version 2 or any later version,
+ * in which case the provisions of the GPL are applicable instead of
+ * the above. If you wish to allow the use of your version of this file
+ * only under the terms of the GPL and not to allow others to use your
+ * version of this file under the BSD license, indicate your decision
+ * by deleting the provisions above and replace them with the notice
+ * and other provisions required by the GPL. If you do not delete the
+ * provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this file under
+ * either the BSD or the GPL.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * general notes about epoll:
+ *
+ * a) epoll silently removes fds from the fd set. as nothing tells us
+ * that an fd has been removed otherwise, we have to continually
+ * "rearm" fds that we suspect *might* have changed (same
+ * problem with kqueue, but much less costly there).
+ * b) the fact that ADD != MOD creates a lot of extra syscalls due to a)
+ * and seems not to have any advantage.
+ * c) the inability to handle fork or file descriptors (think dup)
+ * limits the applicability over poll, so this is not a generic
+ * poll replacement.
+ *
+ * lots of "weird code" and complication handling in this file is due
+ * to these design problems with epoll, as we try very hard to avoid
+ * epoll_ctl syscalls for common usage patterns and handle the breakage
+ * ensuing from receiving events for closed and otherwise long gone
+ * file descriptors.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/epoll.h>
+
+static void
+epoll_modify (EV_P_ int fd, int oev, int nev)
+{
+ struct epoll_event ev;
+ unsigned char oldmask;
+
+ /*
+ * we handle EPOLL_CTL_DEL by ignoring it here
+ * on the assumption that the fd is gone anyways
+ * if that is wrong, we have to handle the spurious
+ * event in epoll_poll.
+ * if the fd is added again, we try to ADD it, and, if that
+ * fails, we assume it still has the same eventmask.
+ */
+ if (!nev)
+ return;
+
+ oldmask = anfds [fd].emask;
+ anfds [fd].emask = nev;
+
+ /* store the generation counter in the upper 32 bits, the fd in the lower 32 bits */
+ ev.data.u64 = (uint64_t)(uint32_t)fd
+ | ((uint64_t)(uint32_t)++anfds [fd].egen << 32);
+ ev.events = (nev & EV_READ ? EPOLLIN : 0)
+ | (nev & EV_WRITE ? EPOLLOUT : 0);
+
+ if (expect_true (!epoll_ctl (backend_fd, oev ? EPOLL_CTL_MOD : EPOLL_CTL_ADD, fd, &ev)))
+ return;
+
+ if (expect_true (errno == ENOENT))
+ {
+ /* if ENOENT then the fd went away, so try to do the right thing */
+ if (!nev)
+ goto dec_egen;
+
+ if (!epoll_ctl (backend_fd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, fd, &ev))
+ return;
+ }
+ else if (expect_true (errno == EEXIST))
+ {
+ /* EEXIST means we ignored a previous DEL, but the fd is still active */
+ /* if the kernel mask is the same as the new mask, we assume it hasn't changed */
+ if (oldmask == nev)
+ goto dec_egen;
+
+ if (!epoll_ctl (backend_fd, EPOLL_CTL_MOD, fd, &ev))
+ return;
+ }
+
+ fd_kill (EV_A_ fd);
+
+dec_egen:
+ /* we didn't successfully call epoll_ctl, so decrement the generation counter again */
+ --anfds [fd].egen;
+}
+
+static void
+epoll_poll (EV_P_ ev_tstamp timeout)
+{
+ int i;
+ int eventcnt = epoll_wait (backend_fd, epoll_events, epoll_eventmax, (int)ceil (timeout * 1000.));
+
+ if (expect_false (eventcnt < 0))
+ {
+ if (errno != EINTR)
+ ev_syserr ("(libev) epoll_wait");
+
+ return;
+ }
+
+ for (i = 0; i < eventcnt; ++i)
+ {
+ struct epoll_event *ev = epoll_events + i;
+
+ int fd = (uint32_t)ev->data.u64; /* mask out the lower 32 bits */
+ int want = anfds [fd].events;
+ int got = (ev->events & (EPOLLOUT | EPOLLERR | EPOLLHUP) ? EV_WRITE : 0)
+ | (ev->events & (EPOLLIN | EPOLLERR | EPOLLHUP) ? EV_READ : 0);
+
+ /* check for spurious notification */
+ if (expect_false ((uint32_t)anfds [fd].egen != (uint32_t)(ev->data.u64 >> 32)))
+ {
+ /* recreate kernel state */
+ postfork = 1;
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ if (expect_false (got & ~want))
+ {
+ anfds [fd].emask = want;
+
+ /* we received an event but are not interested in it, try mod or del */
+ /* I don't think we ever need MOD, but let's handle it anyways */
+ ev->events = (want & EV_READ ? EPOLLIN : 0)
+ | (want & EV_WRITE ? EPOLLOUT : 0);
+
+ if (epoll_ctl (backend_fd, want ? EPOLL_CTL_MOD : EPOLL_CTL_DEL, fd, ev))
+ {
+ postfork = 1; /* an error occured, recreate kernel state */
+ continue;
+ }
+ }
+
+ fd_event (EV_A_ fd, got);
+ }
+
+ /* if the receive array was full, increase its size */
+ if (expect_false (eventcnt == epoll_eventmax))
+ {
+ ev_free (epoll_events);
+ epoll_eventmax = array_nextsize (sizeof (struct epoll_event), epoll_eventmax, epoll_eventmax + 1);
+ epoll_events = (struct epoll_event *)ev_malloc (sizeof (struct epoll_event) * epoll_eventmax);
+ }
+}
+
+int inline_size
+epoll_init (EV_P_ int flags)
+{
+ backend_fd = epoll_create (256);
+
+ if (backend_fd < 0)
+ return 0;
+
+ fcntl (backend_fd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
+
+ backend_fudge = 0.; /* kernel sources seem to indicate this to be zero */
+ backend_modify = epoll_modify;
+ backend_poll = epoll_poll;
+
+ epoll_eventmax = 64; /* initial number of events receivable per poll */
+ epoll_events = (struct epoll_event *)ev_malloc (sizeof (struct epoll_event) * epoll_eventmax);
+
+ return EVBACKEND_EPOLL;
+}
+
+void inline_size
+epoll_destroy (EV_P)
+{
+ ev_free (epoll_events);
+}
+
+void inline_size
+epoll_fork (EV_P)
+{
+ close (backend_fd);
+
+ while ((backend_fd = epoll_create (256)) < 0)
+ ev_syserr ("(libev) epoll_create");
+
+ fcntl (backend_fd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
+
+ fd_rearm_all (EV_A);
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * libev kqueue backend
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007,2008 Marc Alexander Lehmann <libev@schmorp.de>
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modifica-
+ * tion, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
+ * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MER-
+ * CHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
+ * EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPE-
+ * CIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+ * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
+ * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
+ * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTH-
+ * ERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
+ * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of
+ * the GNU General Public License ("GPL") version 2 or any later version,
+ * in which case the provisions of the GPL are applicable instead of
+ * the above. If you wish to allow the use of your version of this file
+ * only under the terms of the GPL and not to allow others to use your
+ * version of this file under the BSD license, indicate your decision
+ * by deleting the provisions above and replace them with the notice
+ * and other provisions required by the GPL. If you do not delete the
+ * provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this file under
+ * either the BSD or the GPL.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <sys/queue.h>
+#include <sys/event.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+void inline_speed
+kqueue_change (EV_P_ int fd, int filter, int flags, int fflags)
+{
+ ++kqueue_changecnt;
+ array_needsize (struct kevent, kqueue_changes, kqueue_changemax, kqueue_changecnt, EMPTY2);
+
+ EV_SET (&kqueue_changes [kqueue_changecnt - 1], fd, filter, flags, fflags, 0, 0);
+}
+
+#ifndef NOTE_EOF
+# define NOTE_EOF 0
+#endif
+
+static void
+kqueue_modify (EV_P_ int fd, int oev, int nev)
+{
+ if (oev != nev)
+ {
+ if (oev & EV_READ)
+ kqueue_change (EV_A_ fd, EVFILT_READ , EV_DELETE, 0);
+
+ if (oev & EV_WRITE)
+ kqueue_change (EV_A_ fd, EVFILT_WRITE, EV_DELETE, 0);
+ }
+
+ /* to detect close/reopen reliably, we have to re-add */
+ /* event requests even when oev == nev */
+
+ if (nev & EV_READ)
+ kqueue_change (EV_A_ fd, EVFILT_READ , EV_ADD, NOTE_EOF);
+
+ if (nev & EV_WRITE)
+ kqueue_change (EV_A_ fd, EVFILT_WRITE, EV_ADD, NOTE_EOF);
+}
+
+static void
+kqueue_poll (EV_P_ ev_tstamp timeout)
+{
+ int res, i;
+ struct timespec ts;
+
+ /* need to resize so there is enough space for errors */
+ if (kqueue_changecnt > kqueue_eventmax)
+ {
+ ev_free (kqueue_events);
+ kqueue_eventmax = array_nextsize (sizeof (struct kevent), kqueue_eventmax, kqueue_changecnt);
+ kqueue_events = (struct kevent *)ev_malloc (sizeof (struct kevent) * kqueue_eventmax);
+ }
+
+ ts.tv_sec = (time_t)timeout;
+ ts.tv_nsec = (long)((timeout - (ev_tstamp)ts.tv_sec) * 1e9);
+ res = kevent (backend_fd, kqueue_changes, kqueue_changecnt, kqueue_events, kqueue_eventmax, &ts);
+ kqueue_changecnt = 0;
+
+ if (expect_false (res < 0))
+ {
+ if (errno != EINTR)
+ ev_syserr ("(libev) kevent");
+
+ return;
+ }
+
+ for (i = 0; i < res; ++i)
+ {
+ int fd = kqueue_events [i].ident;
+
+ if (expect_false (kqueue_events [i].flags & EV_ERROR))
+ {
+ int err = kqueue_events [i].data;
+
+ /* we are only interested in errors for fds that we are interested in :) */
+ if (anfds [fd].events)
+ {
+ if (err == ENOENT) /* resubmit changes on ENOENT */
+ kqueue_modify (EV_A_ fd, 0, anfds [fd].events);
+ else if (err == EBADF) /* on EBADF, we re-check the fd */
+ {
+ if (fd_valid (fd))
+ kqueue_modify (EV_A_ fd, 0, anfds [fd].events);
+ else
+ fd_kill (EV_A_ fd);
+ }
+ else /* on all other errors, we error out on the fd */
+ fd_kill (EV_A_ fd);
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ fd_event (
+ EV_A_
+ fd,
+ kqueue_events [i].filter == EVFILT_READ ? EV_READ
+ : kqueue_events [i].filter == EVFILT_WRITE ? EV_WRITE
+ : 0
+ );
+ }
+
+ if (expect_false (res == kqueue_eventmax))
+ {
+ ev_free (kqueue_events);
+ kqueue_eventmax = array_nextsize (sizeof (struct kevent), kqueue_eventmax, kqueue_eventmax + 1);
+ kqueue_events = (struct kevent *)ev_malloc (sizeof (struct kevent) * kqueue_eventmax);
+ }
+}
+
+int inline_size
+kqueue_init (EV_P_ int flags)
+{
+ /* Initalize the kernel queue */
+ if ((backend_fd = kqueue ()) < 0)
+ return 0;
+
+ fcntl (backend_fd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC); /* not sure if necessary, hopefully doesn't hurt */
+
+ backend_fudge = 0.;
+ backend_modify = kqueue_modify;
+ backend_poll = kqueue_poll;
+
+ kqueue_eventmax = 64; /* initial number of events receivable per poll */
+ kqueue_events = (struct kevent *)ev_malloc (sizeof (struct kevent) * kqueue_eventmax);
+
+ kqueue_changes = 0;
+ kqueue_changemax = 0;
+ kqueue_changecnt = 0;
+
+ return EVBACKEND_KQUEUE;
+}
+
+void inline_size
+kqueue_destroy (EV_P)
+{
+ ev_free (kqueue_events);
+ ev_free (kqueue_changes);
+}
+
+void inline_size
+kqueue_fork (EV_P)
+{
+ close (backend_fd);
+
+ while ((backend_fd = kqueue ()) < 0)
+ ev_syserr ("(libev) kqueue");
+
+ fcntl (backend_fd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
+
+ /* re-register interest in fds */
+ fd_rearm_all (EV_A);
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * libev poll fd activity backend
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007,2008 Marc Alexander Lehmann <libev@schmorp.de>
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modifica-
+ * tion, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
+ * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MER-
+ * CHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
+ * EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPE-
+ * CIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+ * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
+ * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
+ * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTH-
+ * ERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
+ * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of
+ * the GNU General Public License ("GPL") version 2 or any later version,
+ * in which case the provisions of the GPL are applicable instead of
+ * the above. If you wish to allow the use of your version of this file
+ * only under the terms of the GPL and not to allow others to use your
+ * version of this file under the BSD license, indicate your decision
+ * by deleting the provisions above and replace them with the notice
+ * and other provisions required by the GPL. If you do not delete the
+ * provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this file under
+ * either the BSD or the GPL.
+ */
+
+#include <poll.h>
+
+void inline_size
+pollidx_init (int *base, int count)
+{
+ /* consider using memset (.., -1, ...), which is pratically guarenteed
+ * to work on all systems implementing poll */
+ while (count--)
+ *base++ = -1;
+}
+
+static void
+poll_modify (EV_P_ int fd, int oev, int nev)
+{
+ int idx;
+
+ if (oev == nev)
+ return;
+
+ array_needsize (int, pollidxs, pollidxmax, fd + 1, pollidx_init);
+
+ idx = pollidxs [fd];
+
+ if (idx < 0) /* need to allocate a new pollfd */
+ {
+ pollidxs [fd] = idx = pollcnt++;
+ array_needsize (struct pollfd, polls, pollmax, pollcnt, EMPTY2);
+ polls [idx].fd = fd;
+ }
+
+ assert (polls [idx].fd == fd);
+
+ if (nev)
+ polls [idx].events =
+ (nev & EV_READ ? POLLIN : 0)
+ | (nev & EV_WRITE ? POLLOUT : 0);
+ else /* remove pollfd */
+ {
+ pollidxs [fd] = -1;
+
+ if (expect_true (idx < --pollcnt))
+ {
+ polls [idx] = polls [pollcnt];
+ pollidxs [polls [idx].fd] = idx;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+static void
+poll_poll (EV_P_ ev_tstamp timeout)
+{
+ struct pollfd *p;
+ int res = poll (polls, pollcnt, (int)ceil (timeout * 1000.));
+
+ if (expect_false (res < 0))
+ {
+ if (errno == EBADF)
+ fd_ebadf (EV_A);
+ else if (errno == ENOMEM && !syserr_cb)
+ fd_enomem (EV_A);
+ else if (errno != EINTR)
+ ev_syserr ("(libev) poll");
+ }
+ else
+ for (p = polls; res; ++p)
+ if (expect_false (p->revents)) /* this expect is debatable */
+ {
+ --res;
+
+ if (expect_false (p->revents & POLLNVAL))
+ fd_kill (EV_A_ p->fd);
+ else
+ fd_event (
+ EV_A_
+ p->fd,
+ (p->revents & (POLLOUT | POLLERR | POLLHUP) ? EV_WRITE : 0)
+ | (p->revents & (POLLIN | POLLERR | POLLHUP) ? EV_READ : 0)
+ );
+ }
+}
+
+int inline_size
+poll_init (EV_P_ int flags)
+{
+ backend_fudge = 0.; /* posix says this is zero */
+ backend_modify = poll_modify;
+ backend_poll = poll_poll;
+
+ pollidxs = 0; pollidxmax = 0;
+ polls = 0; pollmax = 0; pollcnt = 0;
+
+ return EVBACKEND_POLL;
+}
+
+void inline_size
+poll_destroy (EV_P)
+{
+ ev_free (pollidxs);
+ ev_free (polls);
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * libev solaris event port backend
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007,2008 Marc Alexander Lehmann <libev@schmorp.de>
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modifica-
+ * tion, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
+ * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MER-
+ * CHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
+ * EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPE-
+ * CIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+ * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
+ * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
+ * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTH-
+ * ERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
+ * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of
+ * the GNU General Public License ("GPL") version 2 or any later version,
+ * in which case the provisions of the GPL are applicable instead of
+ * the above. If you wish to allow the use of your version of this file
+ * only under the terms of the GPL and not to allow others to use your
+ * version of this file under the BSD license, indicate your decision
+ * by deleting the provisions above and replace them with the notice
+ * and other provisions required by the GPL. If you do not delete the
+ * provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this file under
+ * either the BSD or the GPL.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <poll.h>
+#include <port.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+void inline_speed
+port_associate_and_check (EV_P_ int fd, int ev)
+{
+ if (0 >
+ port_associate (
+ backend_fd, PORT_SOURCE_FD, fd,
+ (ev & EV_READ ? POLLIN : 0)
+ | (ev & EV_WRITE ? POLLOUT : 0),
+ 0
+ )
+ )
+ {
+ if (errno == EBADFD)
+ fd_kill (EV_A_ fd);
+ else
+ ev_syserr ("(libev) port_associate");
+ }
+}
+
+static void
+port_modify (EV_P_ int fd, int oev, int nev)
+{
+ /* we need to reassociate no matter what, as closes are
+ * once more silently being discarded.
+ */
+ if (!nev)
+ {
+ if (oev)
+ port_dissociate (backend_fd, PORT_SOURCE_FD, fd);
+ }
+ else
+ port_associate_and_check (EV_A_ fd, nev);
+}
+
+static void
+port_poll (EV_P_ ev_tstamp timeout)
+{
+ int res, i;
+ struct timespec ts;
+ uint_t nget = 1;
+
+ ts.tv_sec = (time_t)timeout;
+ ts.tv_nsec = (long)(timeout - (ev_tstamp)ts.tv_sec) * 1e9;
+ res = port_getn (backend_fd, port_events, port_eventmax, &nget, &ts);
+
+ if (res == -1)
+ {
+ if (errno != EINTR && errno != ETIME)
+ ev_syserr ("(libev) port_getn");
+
+ return;
+ }
+
+ for (i = 0; i < nget; ++i)
+ {
+ if (port_events [i].portev_source == PORT_SOURCE_FD)
+ {
+ int fd = port_events [i].portev_object;
+
+ fd_event (
+ EV_A_
+ fd,
+ (port_events [i].portev_events & (POLLOUT | POLLERR | POLLHUP) ? EV_WRITE : 0)
+ | (port_events [i].portev_events & (POLLIN | POLLERR | POLLHUP) ? EV_READ : 0)
+ );
+
+ port_associate_and_check (EV_A_ fd, anfds [fd].events);
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (expect_false (nget == port_eventmax))
+ {
+ ev_free (port_events);
+ port_eventmax = array_nextsize (sizeof (port_event_t), port_eventmax, port_eventmax + 1);
+ port_events = (port_event_t *)ev_malloc (sizeof (port_event_t) * port_eventmax);
+ }
+}
+
+int inline_size
+port_init (EV_P_ int flags)
+{
+ /* Initalize the kernel queue */
+ if ((backend_fd = port_create ()) < 0)
+ return 0;
+
+ fcntl (backend_fd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC); /* not sure if necessary, hopefully doesn't hurt */
+
+ backend_fudge = 1e-3; /* needed to compensate for port_getn returning early */
+ backend_modify = port_modify;
+ backend_poll = port_poll;
+
+ port_eventmax = 64; /* intiial number of events receivable per poll */
+ port_events = (port_event_t *)ev_malloc (sizeof (port_event_t) * port_eventmax);
+
+ return EVBACKEND_PORT;
+}
+
+void inline_size
+port_destroy (EV_P)
+{
+ ev_free (port_events);
+}
+
+void inline_size
+port_fork (EV_P)
+{
+ close (backend_fd);
+
+ while ((backend_fd = port_create ()) < 0)
+ ev_syserr ("(libev) port");
+
+ fcntl (backend_fd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
+
+ /* re-register interest in fds */
+ fd_rearm_all (EV_A);
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * libev select fd activity backend
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007,2008,2009 Marc Alexander Lehmann <libev@schmorp.de>
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modifica-
+ * tion, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
+ * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MER-
+ * CHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
+ * EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPE-
+ * CIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+ * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
+ * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
+ * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTH-
+ * ERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
+ * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of
+ * the GNU General Public License ("GPL") version 2 or any later version,
+ * in which case the provisions of the GPL are applicable instead of
+ * the above. If you wish to allow the use of your version of this file
+ * only under the terms of the GPL and not to allow others to use your
+ * version of this file under the BSD license, indicate your decision
+ * by deleting the provisions above and replace them with the notice
+ * and other provisions required by the GPL. If you do not delete the
+ * provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this file under
+ * either the BSD or the GPL.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+/* for unix systems */
+# include <sys/select.h>
+# include <inttypes.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifndef EV_SELECT_USE_FD_SET
+# ifdef NFDBITS
+# define EV_SELECT_USE_FD_SET 0
+# else
+# define EV_SELECT_USE_FD_SET 1
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#if EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET
+# undef EV_SELECT_USE_FD_SET
+# define EV_SELECT_USE_FD_SET 1
+# undef NFDBITS
+# define NFDBITS 0
+#endif
+
+#if !EV_SELECT_USE_FD_SET
+# define NFDBYTES (NFDBITS / 8)
+#endif
+
+#include <string.h>
+
+static void
+select_modify (EV_P_ int fd, int oev, int nev)
+{
+ if (oev == nev)
+ return;
+
+ {
+#if EV_SELECT_USE_FD_SET
+
+ #if EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET
+ SOCKET handle = anfds [fd].handle;
+ #else
+ int handle = fd;
+ #endif
+
+ assert (("libev: fd >= FD_SETSIZE passed to fd_set-based select backend", fd < FD_SETSIZE));
+
+ /* FD_SET is broken on windows (it adds the fd to a set twice or more,
+ * which eventually leads to overflows). Need to call it only on changes.
+ */
+ #if EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET
+ if ((oev ^ nev) & EV_READ)
+ #endif
+ if (nev & EV_READ)
+ FD_SET (handle, (fd_set *)vec_ri);
+ else
+ FD_CLR (handle, (fd_set *)vec_ri);
+
+ #if EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET
+ if ((oev ^ nev) & EV_WRITE)
+ #endif
+ if (nev & EV_WRITE)
+ FD_SET (handle, (fd_set *)vec_wi);
+ else
+ FD_CLR (handle, (fd_set *)vec_wi);
+
+#else
+
+ int word = fd / NFDBITS;
+ fd_mask mask = 1UL << (fd % NFDBITS);
+
+ if (expect_false (vec_max <= word))
+ {
+ int new_max = word + 1;
+
+ vec_ri = ev_realloc (vec_ri, new_max * NFDBYTES);
+ vec_ro = ev_realloc (vec_ro, new_max * NFDBYTES); /* could free/malloc */
+ vec_wi = ev_realloc (vec_wi, new_max * NFDBYTES);
+ vec_wo = ev_realloc (vec_wo, new_max * NFDBYTES); /* could free/malloc */
+ #ifdef _WIN32
+ vec_eo = ev_realloc (vec_eo, new_max * NFDBYTES); /* could free/malloc */
+ #endif
+
+ for (; vec_max < new_max; ++vec_max)
+ ((fd_mask *)vec_ri) [vec_max] =
+ ((fd_mask *)vec_wi) [vec_max] = 0;
+ }
+
+ ((fd_mask *)vec_ri) [word] |= mask;
+ if (!(nev & EV_READ))
+ ((fd_mask *)vec_ri) [word] &= ~mask;
+
+ ((fd_mask *)vec_wi) [word] |= mask;
+ if (!(nev & EV_WRITE))
+ ((fd_mask *)vec_wi) [word] &= ~mask;
+#endif
+ }
+}
+
+static void
+select_poll (EV_P_ ev_tstamp timeout)
+{
+ struct timeval tv;
+ int res;
+ int fd_setsize;
+
+ tv.tv_sec = (long)timeout;
+ tv.tv_usec = (long)((timeout - (ev_tstamp)tv.tv_sec) * 1e6);
+
+#if EV_SELECT_USE_FD_SET
+ fd_setsize = sizeof (fd_set);
+#else
+ fd_setsize = vec_max * NFDBYTES;
+#endif
+
+ memcpy (vec_ro, vec_ri, fd_setsize);
+ memcpy (vec_wo, vec_wi, fd_setsize);
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ /* pass in the write set as except set.
+ * the idea behind this is to work around a windows bug that causes
+ * errors to be reported as an exception and not by setting
+ * the writable bit. this is so uncontrollably lame.
+ */
+ memcpy (vec_eo, vec_wi, fd_setsize);
+ res = select (vec_max * NFDBITS, (fd_set *)vec_ro, (fd_set *)vec_wo, (fd_set *)vec_eo, &tv);
+#elif EV_SELECT_USE_FD_SET
+ fd_setsize = anfdmax < FD_SETSIZE ? anfdmax : FD_SETSIZE;
+ res = select (fd_setsize, (fd_set *)vec_ro, (fd_set *)vec_wo, 0, &tv);
+#else
+ res = select (vec_max * NFDBITS, (fd_set *)vec_ro, (fd_set *)vec_wo, 0, &tv);
+#endif
+
+ if (expect_false (res < 0))
+ {
+ #if EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET
+ errno = WSAGetLastError ();
+ #endif
+ #ifdef WSABASEERR
+ /* on windows, select returns incompatible error codes, fix this */
+ if (errno >= WSABASEERR && errno < WSABASEERR + 1000)
+ if (errno == WSAENOTSOCK)
+ errno = EBADF;
+ else
+ errno -= WSABASEERR;
+ #endif
+
+ #ifdef _WIN32
+ /* select on windows errornously returns EINVAL when no fd sets have been
+ * provided (this is documented). what microsoft doesn't tell you that this bug
+ * exists even when the fd sets _are_ provided, so we have to check for this bug
+ * here and emulate by sleeping manually.
+ * we also get EINVAL when the timeout is invalid, but we ignore this case here
+ * and assume that EINVAL always means: you have to wait manually.
+ */
+ if (errno == EINVAL)
+ {
+ ev_sleep (timeout);
+ return;
+ }
+ #endif
+
+ if (errno == EBADF)
+ fd_ebadf (EV_A);
+ else if (errno == ENOMEM && !syserr_cb)
+ fd_enomem (EV_A);
+ else if (errno != EINTR)
+ ev_syserr ("(libev) select");
+
+ return;
+ }
+
+#if EV_SELECT_USE_FD_SET
+
+ {
+ int fd;
+
+ for (fd = 0; fd < anfdmax; ++fd)
+ if (anfds [fd].events)
+ {
+ int events = 0;
+ #if EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET
+ SOCKET handle = anfds [fd].handle;
+ #else
+ int handle = fd;
+ #endif
+
+ if (FD_ISSET (handle, (fd_set *)vec_ro)) events |= EV_READ;
+ if (FD_ISSET (handle, (fd_set *)vec_wo)) events |= EV_WRITE;
+ #ifdef _WIN32
+ if (FD_ISSET (handle, (fd_set *)vec_eo)) events |= EV_WRITE;
+ #endif
+
+ if (expect_true (events))
+ fd_event (EV_A_ fd, events);
+ }
+ }
+
+#else
+
+ {
+ int word, bit;
+ for (word = vec_max; word--; )
+ {
+ fd_mask word_r = ((fd_mask *)vec_ro) [word];
+ fd_mask word_w = ((fd_mask *)vec_wo) [word];
+ #ifdef _WIN32
+ word_w |= ((fd_mask *)vec_eo) [word];
+ #endif
+
+ if (word_r || word_w)
+ for (bit = NFDBITS; bit--; )
+ {
+ fd_mask mask = 1UL << bit;
+ int events = 0;
+
+ events |= word_r & mask ? EV_READ : 0;
+ events |= word_w & mask ? EV_WRITE : 0;
+
+ if (expect_true (events))
+ fd_event (EV_A_ word * NFDBITS + bit, events);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+#endif
+}
+
+int inline_size
+select_init (EV_P_ int flags)
+{
+ backend_fudge = 0.; /* posix says this is zero */
+ backend_modify = select_modify;
+ backend_poll = select_poll;
+
+#if EV_SELECT_USE_FD_SET
+ vec_ri = ev_malloc (sizeof (fd_set)); FD_ZERO ((fd_set *)vec_ri);
+ vec_ro = ev_malloc (sizeof (fd_set));
+ vec_wi = ev_malloc (sizeof (fd_set)); FD_ZERO ((fd_set *)vec_wi);
+ vec_wo = ev_malloc (sizeof (fd_set));
+ #ifdef _WIN32
+ vec_eo = ev_malloc (sizeof (fd_set));
+ #endif
+#else
+ vec_max = 0;
+ vec_ri = 0;
+ vec_ri = 0;
+ vec_wo = 0;
+ vec_wo = 0;
+#endif
+
+ return EVBACKEND_SELECT;
+}
+
+void inline_size
+select_destroy (EV_P)
+{
+ ev_free (vec_ri);
+ ev_free (vec_ro);
+ ev_free (vec_wi);
+ ev_free (vec_wo);
+}
+
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * loop member variable declarations
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007,2008 Marc Alexander Lehmann <libev@schmorp.de>
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modifica-
+ * tion, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
+ * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MER-
+ * CHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
+ * EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPE-
+ * CIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+ * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
+ * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
+ * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTH-
+ * ERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
+ * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of
+ * the GNU General Public License ("GPL") version 2 or any later version,
+ * in which case the provisions of the GPL are applicable instead of
+ * the above. If you wish to allow the use of your version of this file
+ * only under the terms of the GPL and not to allow others to use your
+ * version of this file under the BSD license, indicate your decision
+ * by deleting the provisions above and replace them with the notice
+ * and other provisions required by the GPL. If you do not delete the
+ * provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this file under
+ * either the BSD or the GPL.
+ */
+
+#define VARx(type,name) VAR(name, type name)
+
+VARx(ev_tstamp, now_floor) /* last time we refreshed rt_time */
+VARx(ev_tstamp, mn_now) /* monotonic clock "now" */
+VARx(ev_tstamp, rtmn_diff) /* difference realtime - monotonic time */
+
+VARx(ev_tstamp, io_blocktime)
+VARx(ev_tstamp, timeout_blocktime)
+
+VARx(int, backend)
+VARx(int, activecnt) /* total number of active events ("refcount") */
+VARx(unsigned int, loop_count) /* total number of loop iterations/blocks */
+
+VARx(int, backend_fd)
+VARx(ev_tstamp, backend_fudge) /* assumed typical timer resolution */
+VAR (backend_modify, void (*backend_modify)(EV_P_ int fd, int oev, int nev))
+VAR (backend_poll , void (*backend_poll)(EV_P_ ev_tstamp timeout))
+
+#if EV_USE_EVENTFD || EV_GENWRAP
+VARx(int, evfd)
+#endif
+VAR (evpipe, int evpipe [2])
+VARx(ev_io, pipeev)
+
+#if !defined(_WIN32) || EV_GENWRAP
+VARx(pid_t, curpid)
+#endif
+
+VARx(char, postfork) /* true if we need to recreate kernel state after fork */
+
+#if EV_USE_SELECT || EV_GENWRAP
+VARx(void *, vec_ri)
+VARx(void *, vec_ro)
+VARx(void *, vec_wi)
+VARx(void *, vec_wo)
+#if defined(_WIN32) || EV_GENWRAP
+VARx(void *, vec_eo)
+#endif
+VARx(int, vec_max)
+#endif
+
+#if EV_USE_POLL || EV_GENWRAP
+VARx(struct pollfd *, polls)
+VARx(int, pollmax)
+VARx(int, pollcnt)
+VARx(int *, pollidxs) /* maps fds into structure indices */
+VARx(int, pollidxmax)
+#endif
+
+#if EV_USE_EPOLL || EV_GENWRAP
+VARx(struct epoll_event *, epoll_events)
+VARx(int, epoll_eventmax)
+#endif
+
+#if EV_USE_KQUEUE || EV_GENWRAP
+VARx(struct kevent *, kqueue_changes)
+VARx(int, kqueue_changemax)
+VARx(int, kqueue_changecnt)
+VARx(struct kevent *, kqueue_events)
+VARx(int, kqueue_eventmax)
+#endif
+
+#if EV_USE_PORT || EV_GENWRAP
+VARx(struct port_event *, port_events)
+VARx(int, port_eventmax)
+#endif
+
+VARx(ANFD *, anfds)
+VARx(int, anfdmax)
+
+VAR (pendings, ANPENDING *pendings [NUMPRI])
+VAR (pendingmax, int pendingmax [NUMPRI])
+VAR (pendingcnt, int pendingcnt [NUMPRI])
+
+VARx(int *, fdchanges)
+VARx(int, fdchangemax)
+VARx(int, fdchangecnt)
+
+VARx(ANHE *, timers)
+VARx(int, timermax)
+VARx(int, timercnt)
+
+#if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE || EV_GENWRAP
+VARx(ANHE *, periodics)
+VARx(int, periodicmax)
+VARx(int, periodiccnt)
+#endif
+
+#if EV_IDLE_ENABLE || EV_GENWRAP
+VAR (idles, ev_idle **idles [NUMPRI])
+VAR (idlemax, int idlemax [NUMPRI])
+VAR (idlecnt, int idlecnt [NUMPRI])
+#endif
+VARx(int, idleall) /* total number */
+
+VARx(struct ev_prepare **, prepares)
+VARx(int, preparemax)
+VARx(int, preparecnt)
+
+VARx(struct ev_check **, checks)
+VARx(int, checkmax)
+VARx(int, checkcnt)
+
+#if EV_FORK_ENABLE || EV_GENWRAP
+VARx(struct ev_fork **, forks)
+VARx(int, forkmax)
+VARx(int, forkcnt)
+#endif
+
+VARx(EV_ATOMIC_T, gotasync)
+#if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE || EV_GENWRAP
+VARx(struct ev_async **, asyncs)
+VARx(int, asyncmax)
+VARx(int, asynccnt)
+#endif
+
+#if EV_USE_INOTIFY || EV_GENWRAP
+VARx(int, fs_fd)
+VARx(ev_io, fs_w)
+VARx(char, fs_2625) /* whether we are running in linux 2.6.25 or newer */
+VAR (fs_hash, ANFS fs_hash [EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE])
+#endif
+
+#undef VARx
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * libev win32 compatibility cruft (_not_ a backend)
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007,2008 Marc Alexander Lehmann <libev@schmorp.de>
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modifica-
+ * tion, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
+ * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MER-
+ * CHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
+ * EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPE-
+ * CIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+ * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
+ * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
+ * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTH-
+ * ERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
+ * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of
+ * the GNU General Public License ("GPL") version 2 or any later version,
+ * in which case the provisions of the GPL are applicable instead of
+ * the above. If you wish to allow the use of your version of this file
+ * only under the terms of the GPL and not to allow others to use your
+ * version of this file under the BSD license, indicate your decision
+ * by deleting the provisions above and replace them with the notice
+ * and other provisions required by the GPL. If you do not delete the
+ * provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this file under
+ * either the BSD or the GPL.
+ */
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+
+/* timeb.h is actually xsi legacy functionality */
+#include <sys/timeb.h>
+
+/* note: the comment below could not be substantiated, but what would I care */
+/* MSDN says this is required to handle SIGFPE */
+/* my wild guess would be that using something floating-pointy is required */
+/* for the crt to do something about it */
+volatile double SIGFPE_REQ = 0.0f;
+
+/* oh, the humanity! */
+static int
+ev_pipe (int filedes [2])
+{
+ struct sockaddr_in addr = { 0 };
+ int addr_size = sizeof (addr);
+ struct sockaddr_in adr2;
+ int adr2_size = sizeof (adr2);
+ SOCKET listener;
+ SOCKET sock [2] = { -1, -1 };
+
+ if ((listener = socket (AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == INVALID_SOCKET)
+ return -1;
+
+ addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
+ addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl (INADDR_LOOPBACK);
+ addr.sin_port = 0;
+
+ if (bind (listener, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, addr_size))
+ goto fail;
+
+ if (getsockname (listener, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, &addr_size))
+ goto fail;
+
+ if (listen (listener, 1))
+ goto fail;
+
+ if ((sock [0] = socket (AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == INVALID_SOCKET)
+ goto fail;
+
+ if (connect (sock [0], (struct sockaddr *)&addr, addr_size))
+ goto fail;
+
+ if ((sock [1] = accept (listener, 0, 0)) < 0)
+ goto fail;
+
+ /* windows vista returns fantasy port numbers for sockets:
+ * example for two interconnected tcp sockets:
+ *
+ * (Socket::unpack_sockaddr_in getsockname $sock0)[0] == 53364
+ * (Socket::unpack_sockaddr_in getpeername $sock0)[0] == 53363
+ * (Socket::unpack_sockaddr_in getsockname $sock1)[0] == 53363
+ * (Socket::unpack_sockaddr_in getpeername $sock1)[0] == 53365
+ *
+ * wow! tridirectional sockets!
+ *
+ * this way of checking ports seems to work:
+ */
+ if (getpeername (sock [0], (struct sockaddr *)&addr, &addr_size))
+ goto fail;
+
+ if (getsockname (sock [1], (struct sockaddr *)&adr2, &adr2_size))
+ goto fail;
+
+ errno = WSAEINVAL;
+ if (addr_size != adr2_size
+ || addr.sin_addr.s_addr != adr2.sin_addr.s_addr /* just to be sure, I mean, it's windows */
+ || addr.sin_port != adr2.sin_port)
+ goto fail;
+
+ closesocket (listener);
+
+#if EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET
+ filedes [0] = _open_osfhandle (sock [0], 0);
+ filedes [1] = _open_osfhandle (sock [1], 0);
+#else
+ /* when select isn't winsocket, we also expect socket, connect, accept etc.
+ * to work on fds */
+ filedes [0] = sock [0];
+ filedes [1] = sock [1];
+#endif
+
+ return 0;
+
+fail:
+ closesocket (listener);
+
+ if (sock [0] != INVALID_SOCKET) closesocket (sock [0]);
+ if (sock [1] != INVALID_SOCKET) closesocket (sock [1]);
+
+ return -1;
+}
+
+#undef pipe
+#define pipe(filedes) ev_pipe (filedes)
+
+static int
+ev_gettimeofday (struct timeval *tv, struct timezone *tz)
+{
+ struct _timeb tb;
+
+ _ftime (&tb);
+
+ tv->tv_sec = (long)tb.time;
+ tv->tv_usec = ((long)tb.millitm) * 1000;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+#undef gettimeofday
+#define gettimeofday(tv,tz) ev_gettimeofday (tv, tz)
+
+#endif
+
--- /dev/null
+/* DO NOT EDIT, automatically generated by update_ev_wrap */
+#ifndef EV_WRAP_H
+#define EV_WRAP_H
+#define now_floor ((loop)->now_floor)
+#define mn_now ((loop)->mn_now)
+#define rtmn_diff ((loop)->rtmn_diff)
+#define io_blocktime ((loop)->io_blocktime)
+#define timeout_blocktime ((loop)->timeout_blocktime)
+#define backend ((loop)->backend)
+#define activecnt ((loop)->activecnt)
+#define loop_count ((loop)->loop_count)
+#define backend_fd ((loop)->backend_fd)
+#define backend_fudge ((loop)->backend_fudge)
+#define backend_modify ((loop)->backend_modify)
+#define backend_poll ((loop)->backend_poll)
+#define evfd ((loop)->evfd)
+#define evpipe ((loop)->evpipe)
+#define pipeev ((loop)->pipeev)
+#define curpid ((loop)->curpid)
+#define postfork ((loop)->postfork)
+#define vec_ri ((loop)->vec_ri)
+#define vec_ro ((loop)->vec_ro)
+#define vec_wi ((loop)->vec_wi)
+#define vec_wo ((loop)->vec_wo)
+#define vec_eo ((loop)->vec_eo)
+#define vec_max ((loop)->vec_max)
+#define polls ((loop)->polls)
+#define pollmax ((loop)->pollmax)
+#define pollcnt ((loop)->pollcnt)
+#define pollidxs ((loop)->pollidxs)
+#define pollidxmax ((loop)->pollidxmax)
+#define epoll_events ((loop)->epoll_events)
+#define epoll_eventmax ((loop)->epoll_eventmax)
+#define kqueue_changes ((loop)->kqueue_changes)
+#define kqueue_changemax ((loop)->kqueue_changemax)
+#define kqueue_changecnt ((loop)->kqueue_changecnt)
+#define kqueue_events ((loop)->kqueue_events)
+#define kqueue_eventmax ((loop)->kqueue_eventmax)
+#define port_events ((loop)->port_events)
+#define port_eventmax ((loop)->port_eventmax)
+#define anfds ((loop)->anfds)
+#define anfdmax ((loop)->anfdmax)
+#define pendings ((loop)->pendings)
+#define pendingmax ((loop)->pendingmax)
+#define pendingcnt ((loop)->pendingcnt)
+#define fdchanges ((loop)->fdchanges)
+#define fdchangemax ((loop)->fdchangemax)
+#define fdchangecnt ((loop)->fdchangecnt)
+#define timers ((loop)->timers)
+#define timermax ((loop)->timermax)
+#define timercnt ((loop)->timercnt)
+#define periodics ((loop)->periodics)
+#define periodicmax ((loop)->periodicmax)
+#define periodiccnt ((loop)->periodiccnt)
+#define idles ((loop)->idles)
+#define idlemax ((loop)->idlemax)
+#define idlecnt ((loop)->idlecnt)
+#define idleall ((loop)->idleall)
+#define prepares ((loop)->prepares)
+#define preparemax ((loop)->preparemax)
+#define preparecnt ((loop)->preparecnt)
+#define checks ((loop)->checks)
+#define checkmax ((loop)->checkmax)
+#define checkcnt ((loop)->checkcnt)
+#define forks ((loop)->forks)
+#define forkmax ((loop)->forkmax)
+#define forkcnt ((loop)->forkcnt)
+#define gotasync ((loop)->gotasync)
+#define asyncs ((loop)->asyncs)
+#define asyncmax ((loop)->asyncmax)
+#define asynccnt ((loop)->asynccnt)
+#define fs_fd ((loop)->fs_fd)
+#define fs_w ((loop)->fs_w)
+#define fs_2625 ((loop)->fs_2625)
+#define fs_hash ((loop)->fs_hash)
+#else
+#undef EV_WRAP_H
+#undef now_floor
+#undef mn_now
+#undef rtmn_diff
+#undef io_blocktime
+#undef timeout_blocktime
+#undef backend
+#undef activecnt
+#undef loop_count
+#undef backend_fd
+#undef backend_fudge
+#undef backend_modify
+#undef backend_poll
+#undef evfd
+#undef evpipe
+#undef pipeev
+#undef curpid
+#undef postfork
+#undef vec_ri
+#undef vec_ro
+#undef vec_wi
+#undef vec_wo
+#undef vec_eo
+#undef vec_max
+#undef polls
+#undef pollmax
+#undef pollcnt
+#undef pollidxs
+#undef pollidxmax
+#undef epoll_events
+#undef epoll_eventmax
+#undef kqueue_changes
+#undef kqueue_changemax
+#undef kqueue_changecnt
+#undef kqueue_events
+#undef kqueue_eventmax
+#undef port_events
+#undef port_eventmax
+#undef anfds
+#undef anfdmax
+#undef pendings
+#undef pendingmax
+#undef pendingcnt
+#undef fdchanges
+#undef fdchangemax
+#undef fdchangecnt
+#undef timers
+#undef timermax
+#undef timercnt
+#undef periodics
+#undef periodicmax
+#undef periodiccnt
+#undef idles
+#undef idlemax
+#undef idlecnt
+#undef idleall
+#undef prepares
+#undef preparemax
+#undef preparecnt
+#undef checks
+#undef checkmax
+#undef checkcnt
+#undef forks
+#undef forkmax
+#undef forkcnt
+#undef gotasync
+#undef asyncs
+#undef asyncmax
+#undef asynccnt
+#undef fs_fd
+#undef fs_w
+#undef fs_2625
+#undef fs_hash
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * libevent compatibility layer
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007,2008,2009 Marc Alexander Lehmann <libev@schmorp.de>
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modifica-
+ * tion, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
+ * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MER-
+ * CHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
+ * EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPE-
+ * CIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+ * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
+ * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
+ * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTH-
+ * ERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
+ * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of
+ * the GNU General Public License ("GPL") version 2 or any later version,
+ * in which case the provisions of the GPL are applicable instead of
+ * the above. If you wish to allow the use of your version of this file
+ * only under the terms of the GPL and not to allow others to use your
+ * version of this file under the BSD license, indicate your decision
+ * by deleting the provisions above and replace them with the notice
+ * and other provisions required by the GPL. If you do not delete the
+ * provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this file under
+ * either the BSD or the GPL.
+ */
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+
+#ifdef EV_EVENT_H
+# include EV_EVENT_H
+#else
+# include "event.h"
+#endif
+
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+# define dLOOPev struct ev_loop *loop = (struct ev_loop *)ev->ev_base
+# define dLOOPbase struct ev_loop *loop = (struct ev_loop *)base
+#else
+# define dLOOPev
+# define dLOOPbase
+#endif
+
+/* never accessed, will always be cast from/to ev_loop */
+struct event_base
+{
+ int dummy;
+};
+
+static struct event_base *ev_x_cur;
+
+static void
+ev_tv_set (struct timeval *tv, ev_tstamp at)
+{
+ tv->tv_sec = (long)at;
+ tv->tv_usec = (long)((at - (ev_tstamp)tv->tv_sec) * 1e6);
+}
+
+static ev_tstamp
+ev_tv_get (struct timeval *tv)
+{
+ if (tv)
+ return tv->tv_sec + tv->tv_usec * 1e-6;
+ else
+ return -1.;
+}
+
+#define EVENT_STRINGIFY(s) # s
+#define EVENT_VERSION(a,b) EVENT_STRINGIFY (a) "." EVENT_STRINGIFY (b)
+
+const char *event_get_version (void)
+{
+ /* returns ABI, not API or library, version */
+ return EVENT_VERSION (EV_VERSION_MAJOR, EV_VERSION_MINOR);
+}
+
+const char *event_get_method (void)
+{
+ return "libev";
+}
+
+void *event_init (void)
+{
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+ if (ev_x_cur)
+ ev_x_cur = (struct event_base *)ev_loop_new (EVFLAG_AUTO);
+ else
+ ev_x_cur = (struct event_base *)ev_default_loop (EVFLAG_AUTO);
+#else
+ assert (("libev: multiple event bases not supported when not compiled with EV_MULTIPLICITY", !ev_x_cur));
+
+ ev_x_cur = (struct event_base *)(long)ev_default_loop (EVFLAG_AUTO);
+#endif
+
+ return ev_x_cur;
+}
+
+void event_base_free (struct event_base *base)
+{
+ dLOOPbase;
+
+#if EV_MULTIPLICITY
+ if (ev_default_loop (EVFLAG_AUTO) != loop)
+ ev_loop_destroy (loop);
+#endif
+}
+
+int event_dispatch (void)
+{
+ return event_base_dispatch (ev_x_cur);
+}
+
+#ifdef EV_STANDALONE
+void event_set_log_callback (event_log_cb cb)
+{
+ /* nop */
+}
+#endif
+
+int event_loop (int flags)
+{
+ return event_base_loop (ev_x_cur, flags);
+}
+
+int event_loopexit (struct timeval *tv)
+{
+ return event_base_loopexit (ev_x_cur, tv);
+}
+
+static void
+ev_x_cb (struct event *ev, int revents)
+{
+ revents &= EV_READ | EV_WRITE | EV_TIMEOUT | EV_SIGNAL;
+
+ ev->ev_res = revents;
+ ev->ev_callback (ev->ev_fd, (short)revents, ev->ev_arg);
+}
+
+static void
+ev_x_cb_sig (EV_P_ struct ev_signal *w, int revents)
+{
+ struct event *ev = (struct event *)(((char *)w) - offsetof (struct event, iosig.sig));
+
+ if (revents & EV_ERROR)
+ event_del (ev);
+
+ ev_x_cb (ev, revents);
+}
+
+static void
+ev_x_cb_io (EV_P_ struct ev_io *w, int revents)
+{
+ struct event *ev = (struct event *)(((char *)w) - offsetof (struct event, iosig.io));
+
+ if ((revents & EV_ERROR) || !(ev->ev_events & EV_PERSIST))
+ event_del (ev);
+
+ ev_x_cb (ev, revents);
+}
+
+static void
+ev_x_cb_to (EV_P_ struct ev_timer *w, int revents)
+{
+ struct event *ev = (struct event *)(((char *)w) - offsetof (struct event, to));
+
+ event_del (ev);
+
+ ev_x_cb (ev, revents);
+}
+
+void event_set (struct event *ev, int fd, short events, void (*cb)(int, short, void *), void *arg)
+{
+ if (events & EV_SIGNAL)
+ ev_init (&ev->iosig.sig, ev_x_cb_sig);
+ else
+ ev_init (&ev->iosig.io, ev_x_cb_io);
+
+ ev_init (&ev->to, ev_x_cb_to);
+
+ ev->ev_base = ev_x_cur; /* not threadsafe, but it's how libevent works */
+ ev->ev_fd = fd;
+ ev->ev_events = events;
+ ev->ev_pri = 0;
+ ev->ev_callback = cb;
+ ev->ev_arg = arg;
+ ev->ev_res = 0;
+ ev->ev_flags = EVLIST_INIT;
+}
+
+int event_once (int fd, short events, void (*cb)(int, short, void *), void *arg, struct timeval *tv)
+{
+ return event_base_once (ev_x_cur, fd, events, cb, arg, tv);
+}
+
+int event_add (struct event *ev, struct timeval *tv)
+{
+ dLOOPev;
+
+ if (ev->ev_events & EV_SIGNAL)
+ {
+ if (!ev_is_active (&ev->iosig.sig))
+ {
+ ev_signal_set (&ev->iosig.sig, ev->ev_fd);
+ ev_signal_start (EV_A_ &ev->iosig.sig);
+
+ ev->ev_flags |= EVLIST_SIGNAL;
+ }
+ }
+ else if (ev->ev_events & (EV_READ | EV_WRITE))
+ {
+ if (!ev_is_active (&ev->iosig.io))
+ {
+ ev_io_set (&ev->iosig.io, ev->ev_fd, ev->ev_events & (EV_READ | EV_WRITE));
+ ev_io_start (EV_A_ &ev->iosig.io);
+
+ ev->ev_flags |= EVLIST_INSERTED;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (tv)
+ {
+ ev->to.repeat = ev_tv_get (tv);
+ ev_timer_again (EV_A_ &ev->to);
+ ev->ev_flags |= EVLIST_TIMEOUT;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ ev_timer_stop (EV_A_ &ev->to);
+ ev->ev_flags &= ~EVLIST_TIMEOUT;
+ }
+
+ ev->ev_flags |= EVLIST_ACTIVE;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int event_del (struct event *ev)
+{
+ dLOOPev;
+
+ if (ev->ev_events & EV_SIGNAL)
+ ev_signal_stop (EV_A_ &ev->iosig.sig);
+ else if (ev->ev_events & (EV_READ | EV_WRITE))
+ ev_io_stop (EV_A_ &ev->iosig.io);
+
+ if (ev_is_active (&ev->to))
+ ev_timer_stop (EV_A_ &ev->to);
+
+ ev->ev_flags = EVLIST_INIT;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+void event_active (struct event *ev, int res, short ncalls)
+{
+ dLOOPev;
+
+ if (res & EV_TIMEOUT)
+ ev_feed_event (EV_A_ &ev->to, res & EV_TIMEOUT);
+
+ if (res & EV_SIGNAL)
+ ev_feed_event (EV_A_ &ev->iosig.sig, res & EV_SIGNAL);
+
+ if (res & (EV_READ | EV_WRITE))
+ ev_feed_event (EV_A_ &ev->iosig.io, res & (EV_READ | EV_WRITE));
+}
+
+int event_pending (struct event *ev, short events, struct timeval *tv)
+{
+ short revents = 0;
+ dLOOPev;
+
+ if (ev->ev_events & EV_SIGNAL)
+ {
+ /* sig */
+ if (ev_is_active (&ev->iosig.sig) || ev_is_pending (&ev->iosig.sig))
+ revents |= EV_SIGNAL;
+ }
+ else if (ev->ev_events & (EV_READ | EV_WRITE))
+ {
+ /* io */
+ if (ev_is_active (&ev->iosig.io) || ev_is_pending (&ev->iosig.io))
+ revents |= ev->ev_events & (EV_READ | EV_WRITE);
+ }
+
+ if (ev->ev_events & EV_TIMEOUT || ev_is_active (&ev->to) || ev_is_pending (&ev->to))
+ {
+ revents |= EV_TIMEOUT;
+
+ if (tv)
+ ev_tv_set (tv, ev_now (EV_A)); /* not sure if this is right :) */
+ }
+
+ return events & revents;
+}
+
+int event_priority_init (int npri)
+{
+ return event_base_priority_init (ev_x_cur, npri);
+}
+
+int event_priority_set (struct event *ev, int pri)
+{
+ ev->ev_pri = pri;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int event_base_set (struct event_base *base, struct event *ev)
+{
+ ev->ev_base = base;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int event_base_loop (struct event_base *base, int flags)
+{
+ dLOOPbase;
+
+ ev_loop (EV_A_ flags);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int event_base_dispatch (struct event_base *base)
+{
+ return event_base_loop (base, 0);
+}
+
+static void
+ev_x_loopexit_cb (int revents, void *base)
+{
+ dLOOPbase;
+
+ ev_unloop (EV_A_ EVUNLOOP_ONE);
+}
+
+int event_base_loopexit (struct event_base *base, struct timeval *tv)
+{
+ ev_tstamp after = ev_tv_get (tv);
+ dLOOPbase;
+
+ ev_once (EV_A_ -1, 0, after >= 0. ? after : 0., ev_x_loopexit_cb, (void *)base);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+struct ev_x_once
+{
+ int fd;
+ void (*cb)(int, short, void *);
+ void *arg;
+};
+
+static void
+ev_x_once_cb (int revents, void *arg)
+{
+ struct ev_x_once *once = (struct ev_x_once *)arg;
+
+ once->cb (once->fd, (short)revents, once->arg);
+ free (once);
+}
+
+int event_base_once (struct event_base *base, int fd, short events, void (*cb)(int, short, void *), void *arg, struct timeval *tv)
+{
+ struct ev_x_once *once = (struct ev_x_once *)malloc (sizeof (struct ev_x_once));
+ dLOOPbase;
+
+ if (!once)
+ return -1;
+
+ once->fd = fd;
+ once->cb = cb;
+ once->arg = arg;
+
+ ev_once (EV_A_ fd, events & (EV_READ | EV_WRITE), ev_tv_get (tv), ev_x_once_cb, (void *)once);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int event_base_priority_init (struct event_base *base, int npri)
+{
+ /*dLOOPbase;*/
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * libevent compatibility header, only core events supported
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2007,2008 Marc Alexander Lehmann <libev@schmorp.de>
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modifica-
+ * tion, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
+ * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MER-
+ * CHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
+ * EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPE-
+ * CIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+ * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
+ * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
+ * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTH-
+ * ERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
+ * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of
+ * the GNU General Public License ("GPL") version 2 or any later version,
+ * in which case the provisions of the GPL are applicable instead of
+ * the above. If you wish to allow the use of your version of this file
+ * only under the terms of the GPL and not to allow others to use your
+ * version of this file under the BSD license, indicate your decision
+ * by deleting the provisions above and replace them with the notice
+ * and other provisions required by the GPL. If you do not delete the
+ * provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this file under
+ * either the BSD or the GPL.
+ */
+
+#ifndef EVENT_H__
+#define EVENT_H__
+
+#ifdef EV_H
+# include EV_H
+#else
+# include "ev.h"
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+/* we need sys/time.h for struct timeval only */
+#if !defined (WIN32) || defined (__MINGW32__)
+# include <time.h> /* mingw seems to need this, for whatever reason */
+# include <sys/time.h>
+#endif
+
+struct event_base;
+
+#define EVLIST_TIMEOUT 0x01
+#define EVLIST_INSERTED 0x02
+#define EVLIST_SIGNAL 0x04
+#define EVLIST_ACTIVE 0x08
+#define EVLIST_INTERNAL 0x10
+#define EVLIST_INIT 0x80
+
+struct event
+{
+ /* libev watchers we map onto */
+ union {
+ struct ev_io io;
+ struct ev_signal sig;
+ } iosig;
+ struct ev_timer to;
+
+ /* compatibility slots */
+ struct event_base *ev_base;
+ void (*ev_callback)(int, short, void *arg);
+ void *ev_arg;
+ int ev_fd;
+ int ev_pri;
+ int ev_res;
+ int ev_flags;
+ short ev_events;
+};
+
+#define EV_PERSIST 0x10
+
+#define EVENT_SIGNAL(ev) ((int) (ev)->ev_fd)
+#define EVENT_FD(ev) ((int) (ev)->ev_fd)
+
+#define event_initialized(ev) ((ev)->ev_flags & EVLIST_INIT)
+
+#define evtimer_add(ev,tv) event_add (ev, tv)
+#define evtimer_set(ev,cb,data) event_set (ev, -1, 0, cb, data)
+#define evtimer_del(ev) event_del (ev)
+#define evtimer_pending(ev,tv) event_pending (ev, EV_TIMEOUT, tv)
+#define evtimer_initialized(ev) event_initialized (ev)
+
+#define timeout_add(ev,tv) evtimer_add (ev, tv)
+#define timeout_set(ev,cb,data) evtimer_set (ev, cb, data)
+#define timeout_del(ev) evtimer_del (ev)
+#define timeout_pending(ev,tv) evtimer_pending (ev, tv)
+#define timeout_initialized(ev) evtimer_initialized (ev)
+
+#define signal_add(ev,tv) event_add (ev, tv)
+#define signal_set(ev,sig,cb,data) event_set (ev, sig, EV_SIGNAL | EV_PERSIST, cb, data)
+#define signal_del(ev) event_del (ev)
+#define signal_pending(ev,tv) event_pending (ev, EV_SIGNAL, tv)
+#define signal_initialized(ev) event_initialized (ev)
+
+const char *event_get_version (void);
+const char *event_get_method (void);
+
+void *event_init (void);
+void event_base_free (struct event_base *base);
+
+#define EVLOOP_ONCE EVLOOP_ONESHOT
+int event_loop (int);
+int event_loopexit (struct timeval *tv);
+int event_dispatch (void);
+
+#define _EVENT_LOG_DEBUG 0
+#define _EVENT_LOG_MSG 1
+#define _EVENT_LOG_WARN 2
+#define _EVENT_LOG_ERR 3
+typedef void (*event_log_cb)(int severity, const char *msg);
+void event_set_log_callback(event_log_cb cb);
+
+void event_set (struct event *ev, int fd, short events, void (*cb)(int, short, void *), void *arg);
+int event_once (int fd, short events, void (*cb)(int, short, void *), void *arg, struct timeval *tv);
+
+int event_add (struct event *ev, struct timeval *tv);
+int event_del (struct event *ev);
+void event_active (struct event *ev, int res, short ncalls); /* ncalls is being ignored */
+
+int event_pending (struct event *ev, short, struct timeval *tv);
+
+int event_priority_init (int npri);
+int event_priority_set (struct event *ev, int pri);
+
+int event_base_set (struct event_base *base, struct event *ev);
+int event_base_loop (struct event_base *base, int);
+int event_base_loopexit (struct event_base *base, struct timeval *tv);
+int event_base_dispatch (struct event_base *base);
+int event_base_once (struct event_base *base, int fd, short events, void (*cb)(int, short, void *), void *arg, struct timeval *tv);
+int event_base_priority_init (struct event_base *base, int fd);
+
+/* next line is different in the libevent+libev version */
+/*libevent-include*/
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
--- /dev/null
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2000-2004 Niels Provos <provos@citi.umich.edu>
+ * Copyright (c) 2008 Marc Alexander Lehmann <libev@schmorp.de>
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
+ * derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
+ * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
+ * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
+ * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
+ * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+ * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+ * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
+ * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+# define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+# include <windows.h>
+# undef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+typedef unsigned char u_char;
+typedef unsigned short u_short;
+#else
+# include <sys/types.h>
+# include <sys/time.h>
+# include <inttypes.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <stdarg.h>
+
+/* Fix so that ppl dont have to run with <sys/queue.h> */
+#ifndef TAILQ_ENTRY
+#define _EVENT_DEFINED_TQENTRY
+#define TAILQ_ENTRY(type) \
+struct { \
+ struct type *tqe_next; /* next element */ \
+ struct type **tqe_prev; /* address of previous next element */ \
+}
+#endif /* !TAILQ_ENTRY */
+#ifndef RB_ENTRY
+#define _EVENT_DEFINED_RBENTRY
+#define RB_ENTRY(type) \
+struct { \
+ struct type *rbe_left; /* left element */ \
+ struct type *rbe_right; /* right element */ \
+ struct type *rbe_parent; /* parent element */ \
+ int rbe_color; /* node color */ \
+}
+#endif /* !RB_ENTRY */
+
+/*
+ * Key-Value pairs. Can be used for HTTP headers but also for
+ * query argument parsing.
+ */
+struct evkeyval {
+ TAILQ_ENTRY(evkeyval) next;
+
+ char *key;
+ char *value;
+};
+
+#ifdef _EVENT_DEFINED_TQENTRY
+#undef TAILQ_ENTRY
+struct event_list;
+struct evkeyvalq;
+#undef _EVENT_DEFINED_TQENTRY
+#else
+TAILQ_HEAD (event_list, event);
+TAILQ_HEAD (evkeyvalq, evkeyval);
+#endif /* _EVENT_DEFINED_TQENTRY */
+#ifdef _EVENT_DEFINED_RBENTRY
+#undef RB_ENTRY
+#undef _EVENT_DEFINED_RBENTRY
+#endif /* _EVENT_DEFINED_RBENTRY */
+
+struct eventop {
+ char *name;
+ void *(*init)(struct event_base *);
+ int (*add)(void *, struct event *);
+ int (*del)(void *, struct event *);
+ int (*recalc)(struct event_base *, void *, int);
+ int (*dispatch)(struct event_base *, void *, struct timeval *);
+ void (*dealloc)(struct event_base *, void *);
+};
+
+/* These functions deal with buffering input and output */
+
+struct evbuffer {
+ u_char *buffer;
+ u_char *orig_buffer;
+
+ size_t misalign;
+ size_t totallen;
+ size_t off;
+
+ void (*cb)(struct evbuffer *, size_t, size_t, void *);
+ void *cbarg;
+};
+
+/* Just for error reporting - use other constants otherwise */
+#define EVBUFFER_READ 0x01
+#define EVBUFFER_WRITE 0x02
+#define EVBUFFER_EOF 0x10
+#define EVBUFFER_ERROR 0x20
+#define EVBUFFER_TIMEOUT 0x40
+
+struct bufferevent;
+typedef void (*evbuffercb)(struct bufferevent *, void *);
+typedef void (*everrorcb)(struct bufferevent *, short what, void *);
+
+struct event_watermark {
+ size_t low;
+ size_t high;
+};
+
+struct bufferevent {
+ struct event ev_read;
+ struct event ev_write;
+
+ struct evbuffer *input;
+ struct evbuffer *output;
+
+ struct event_watermark wm_read;
+ struct event_watermark wm_write;
+
+ evbuffercb readcb;
+ evbuffercb writecb;
+ everrorcb errorcb;
+ void *cbarg;
+
+ int timeout_read; /* in seconds */
+ int timeout_write; /* in seconds */
+
+ short enabled; /* events that are currently enabled */
+};
+
+struct bufferevent *bufferevent_new(int fd,
+ evbuffercb readcb, evbuffercb writecb, everrorcb errorcb, void *cbarg);
+int bufferevent_base_set(struct event_base *base, struct bufferevent *bufev);
+int bufferevent_priority_set(struct bufferevent *bufev, int pri);
+void bufferevent_free(struct bufferevent *bufev);
+int bufferevent_write(struct bufferevent *bufev, const void *data, size_t size);
+int bufferevent_write_buffer(struct bufferevent *bufev, struct evbuffer *buf);
+size_t bufferevent_read(struct bufferevent *bufev, void *data, size_t size);
+int bufferevent_enable(struct bufferevent *bufev, short event);
+int bufferevent_disable(struct bufferevent *bufev, short event);
+void bufferevent_settimeout(struct bufferevent *bufev,
+ int timeout_read, int timeout_write);
+
+#define EVBUFFER_LENGTH(x) (x)->off
+#define EVBUFFER_DATA(x) (x)->buffer
+#define EVBUFFER_INPUT(x) (x)->input
+#define EVBUFFER_OUTPUT(x) (x)->output
+
+struct evbuffer *evbuffer_new(void);
+void evbuffer_free(struct evbuffer *);
+int evbuffer_expand(struct evbuffer *, size_t);
+int evbuffer_add(struct evbuffer *, const void *, size_t);
+int evbuffer_remove(struct evbuffer *, void *, size_t);
+char *evbuffer_readline(struct evbuffer *);
+int evbuffer_add_buffer(struct evbuffer *, struct evbuffer *);
+int evbuffer_add_printf(struct evbuffer *, const char *fmt, ...);
+int evbuffer_add_vprintf(struct evbuffer *, const char *fmt, va_list ap);
+void evbuffer_drain(struct evbuffer *, size_t);
+int evbuffer_write(struct evbuffer *, int);
+int evbuffer_read(struct evbuffer *, int, int);
+u_char *evbuffer_find(struct evbuffer *, const u_char *, size_t);
+void evbuffer_setcb(struct evbuffer *, void (*)(struct evbuffer *, size_t, size_t, void *), void *);
+
+/*
+ * Marshaling tagged data - We assume that all tags are inserted in their
+ * numeric order - so that unknown tags will always be higher than the
+ * known ones - and we can just ignore the end of an event buffer.
+ */
+
+void evtag_init(void);
+
+void evtag_marshal(struct evbuffer *evbuf, uint32_t tag, const void *data,
+ uint32_t len);
+
+void encode_int(struct evbuffer *evbuf, uint32_t number);
+
+void evtag_marshal_int(struct evbuffer *evbuf, uint32_t tag, uint32_t integer);
+
+void evtag_marshal_string(struct evbuffer *buf, uint32_t tag,
+ const char *string);
+
+void evtag_marshal_timeval(struct evbuffer *evbuf, uint32_t tag,
+ struct timeval *tv);
+
+int evtag_unmarshal(struct evbuffer *src, uint32_t *ptag, struct evbuffer *dst);
+int evtag_peek(struct evbuffer *evbuf, uint32_t *ptag);
+int evtag_peek_length(struct evbuffer *evbuf, uint32_t *plength);
+int evtag_payload_length(struct evbuffer *evbuf, uint32_t *plength);
+int evtag_consume(struct evbuffer *evbuf);
+
+int evtag_unmarshal_int(struct evbuffer *evbuf, uint32_t need_tag,
+ uint32_t *pinteger);
+
+int evtag_unmarshal_fixed(struct evbuffer *src, uint32_t need_tag, void *data,
+ size_t len);
+
+int evtag_unmarshal_string(struct evbuffer *evbuf, uint32_t need_tag,
+ char **pstring);
+
+int evtag_unmarshal_timeval(struct evbuffer *evbuf, uint32_t need_tag,
+ struct timeval *ptv);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
--- /dev/null
+#!/bin/sh
+
+LE=../libevent-1.4.3-stable
+
+if ! [ -e evbuffer.c ]; then
+ echo do not run this programm unless you know what you are doing
+ exit 1
+fi
+
+# this program combines libev and libevent into a single package
+
+cvs update -AdP libev
+rsync -avP libev/. . --exclude CVS
+
+rm -f configure.ac
+
+cp $LE/evdns.h .
+
+perl -i -pe 's%^/.libevent-include./%#include "event_compat.h"%' event.h
+
+perl -ne '
+ s/\s+char buf\[64\];/\tchar buf[96];/;
+ if (/#include "event.h"/) {
+ print "#ifndef EV_STANDALONE\n$_#endif\n";
+ next;
+ }
+ if (/#include "misc.h"/) {
+ print "#ifndef EV_STANDALONE\n$_#endif\n";
+ next;
+ }
+ if (/#include "(unistd.h|sys\/time.h)"/) {
+ print "#ifndef WIN32\n$_#endif\n";
+ next;
+ }
+ next if /#include "log.h"/;
+
+ print;
+' <$LE/evdns.c >evdns.c
+
+cp $LE/autogen.sh .
+cp $LE/epoll_sub.c .
+cp $LE/evbuffer.c .
+cp $LE/buffer.c .
+cp $LE/evhttp.h .
+cp $LE/evutil.h .
+cp $LE/evutil.c .
+cp $LE/event-config.h .
+cp $LE/event-internal.h .
+cp $LE/evrpc.h .
+cp $LE/evrpc.c .
+cp $LE/evrpc-internal.h .
+cp $LE/http.c .
+cp $LE/event_tagging.c .
+cp $LE/http-internal.h .
+cp $LE/strlcpy-internal.h .
+cp $LE/log.c .
+cp $LE/log.h .
+cp $LE/strlcpy.c .
+rsync -a $LE/WIN32* $LE/sample $LE/test $LE/compat . --del
+#rename 's/libevent/libev/' WIN32-Prj/lib*
+cp $LE/aclocal.m4 .
+#cp $LE/acconfig.h .
+cp $LE/config.h.in .
+cp $LE/event_rpcgen.py .
+cp $LE/*.3 .
+
+#perl -i -pe 's/libevent/libev/g' sample/Makefile.am
+#perl -i -pe 's/libevent/libev/g' test/Makefile.am
+
+perl -i -pe 's/#include <event.h>$/#include "event.h"/' test/*.c
+
+perl -i -ne '
+ next if /"event-internal.h"/;
+ s/base\d?->sig.ev_signal_added/0/;
+ s/base\d?->sig.ev_signal_pair\[0\]/-1/;
+ s/base->sig.evsignal_caught/0/;
+ next if /^\ttest_signal_(dealloc|pipeloss|switchbase|assert|restore)\(\)/;
+ next if /^\ttest_simplesignal\(\)/; # non-default-loop
+ next if /^\ttest_immediatesignal\(\)/; # non-default-loop
+ next if /test_priorities\(\d\)/;
+ print;
+' test/regress.c
+
+perl -ne '
+ s/\bmin_heap.h\b//g;
+ s/\bsignal.c\b//g;
+ s/\bevport.c\b//g;
+ s/\bkqueue.c\b//g;
+ s/\bdevpoll.c\b//g;
+ s/\brtsig.c\b//g;
+ s/\bselect.c\b//g;
+ s/\bpoll.c\b//g;
+ s/\bepoll.c\b//g;
+ s/\bepoll_sub.c\b//g;
+ s/\bevent-internal.h\b//g;
+ s/\bevsignal.h\b//g;
+ s/^(man_MANS\s*=)/$1 ev.3 /;
+ s/^(EXTRA_DIST\s*=)/$1 libev.m4 ev.h ev_vars.h ev_wrap.h event_compat.h ev++.h ev_epoll.c ev_select.c ev_poll.c ev_kqueue.c ev_port.c ev_win32.c ev.3 ev.pod /;
+ s/^(include_HEADERS\s*=)/$1 ev.h event_compat.h ev++.h /;
+ s/^(CORE_SRC\s*=)/$1 ev.c /;
+ s/^(SYS_LIBS\s*=)/$1 -lm /;
+ #s/libevent/libev/g;
+ print;
+' <$LE/Makefile.am >Makefile.am
+
+perl -ne '
+ #s/-Wall/-Wall -Wno-comment -Wunused-function -Wno-unused-value/;
+ s/-Wall//g;
+ #s/libevent/libev/g;
+ #VERSION
+ s/AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE\s*\(.*,(.*)\)/AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE(libevent-$1+libev,3.1)/;
+ s/AC_LIBOBJ\(select\)/: ;/g;
+ s/AC_LIBOBJ\(poll\)/: ;/g;
+ s/AC_LIBOBJ\(kqueue\)/: ;/g;
+ s/AC_LIBOBJ\(epoll\)/: ;/g;
+ s/AC_LIBOBJ\(devpoll\)/: ;/g;
+ s/AC_LIBOBJ\(evport\)/: ;/g;
+ s/AC_LIBOBJ\(signal\)/: ;/g;
+ s/AC_LIBOBJ\(rtsig\)/: ;/g;
+ print "m4_include([libev.m4])\n" if /^AC_OUTPUT/;
+ print;
+' <$LE/configure.in >configure.in
+
+aclocal-1.7
+automake-1.7 --add-missing
+autoconf
+autoheader
+libtoolize
+CC="ccache gcc" ./configure --prefix=/opt/libev --disable-shared "$@"
+
+
--- /dev/null
+dnl this file is part of libev, do not make local modifications
+dnl http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/libev
+
+dnl libev support
+AC_CHECK_HEADERS(sys/inotify.h sys/epoll.h sys/event.h sys/queue.h port.h poll.h sys/select.h sys/eventfd.h)
+
+AC_CHECK_FUNCS(inotify_init epoll_ctl kqueue port_create poll select eventfd)
+
+AC_CHECK_FUNC(clock_gettime, [], [
+ dnl on linux, try syscall wrapper first
+ if test $(uname) = Linux; then
+ AC_MSG_CHECKING(for clock_gettime syscall)
+ AC_LINK_IFELSE([AC_LANG_PROGRAM(
+ [#include <syscall.h>
+ #include <time.h>],
+ [struct timespec ts; int status = syscall (SYS_clock_gettime, CLOCK_REALTIME, &ts)])],
+ [ac_have_clock_syscall=1
+ AC_DEFINE(HAVE_CLOCK_SYSCALL, 1, "use syscall interface for clock_gettime")
+ AC_MSG_RESULT(yes)],
+ [AC_MSG_RESULT(no)])
+ fi
+ if test -z "$LIBEV_M4_AVOID_LIBRT" && test -z "$ac_have_clock_syscall"; then
+ AC_CHECK_LIB(rt, clock_gettime)
+ unset ac_cv_func_clock_gettime
+ AC_CHECK_FUNCS(clock_gettime)
+ fi
+])
+
+AC_CHECK_FUNC(nanosleep, [], [
+ if test -z "$LIBEV_M4_AVOID_LIBRT"; then
+ AC_CHECK_LIB(rt, nanosleep)
+ unset ac_cv_func_nanosleep
+ AC_CHECK_FUNCS(nanosleep)
+ fi
+])
+
+AC_CHECK_LIB(m, ceil)
+
+
+
--- /dev/null
+#!/bin/sh
+
+(
+ echo '#define VAR(name,decl) name'
+ echo '#define EV_GENWRAP 1'
+ cat ev_vars.h
+) | cc -E -o - - | perl -ne '
+ while (<>) {
+ push @syms, $1 if /(^\w+)/;
+ }
+ print "/* DO NOT EDIT, automatically generated by update_ev_wrap */\n",
+ "#ifndef EV_WRAP_H\n",
+ "#define EV_WRAP_H\n",
+ (map "#define $_ ((loop)->$_)\n", @syms),
+ "#else\n",
+ "#undef EV_WRAP_H\n",
+ (map "#undef $_\n", @syms),
+ "#endif\n";
+' >ev_wrap.h
--- /dev/null
+#!/bin/sh
+
+make ev.o event.o || exit
+
+nm ev.o | perl -ne 'print "$1\n" if /\S+ [A-Z] (\S+)/' > Symbols.ev
+nm event.o | perl -ne 'print "$1\n" if /\S+ [A-Z] (\S+)/' > Symbols.event
+
--- /dev/null
+Subproject commit 901d98ff286ba5fc2ac7fd0661121254677f37c3
projects / platform / upstream / nodejs.git / commitdiff