rcu: Precompute RCU_FAST_NO_HZ timer offsets

When a CPU is entering dyntick-idle mode, tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick()
calls rcu_needs_cpu() see if RCU needs that CPU, and, if not, computes the
next wakeup time based on the timer wheels.  Only later, when actually
entering the idle loop, rcu_prepare_for_idle() will be invoked.  In some
cases, rcu_prepare_for_idle() will post timers to wake the CPU back up.
But all for naught: The next wakeup time for the CPU has already been
computed, and posting a timer afterwards does not force that wakeup
time to be recomputed.  This means that rcu_prepare_for_idle()'s have
no effect.

This is not a problem on a busy system because something else will wake
up the CPU soon enough.  However, on lightly loaded systems, the CPU
might stay asleep for a considerable length of time.  If that CPU has
a callback that the rest of the system is waiting on, the system might
run very slowly or (in theory) even hang.

This commit avoids this problem by having rcu_needs_cpu() give
tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick() an estimate of when RCU will need the CPU
to wake back up, which tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick() takes into account
when programming the CPU's wakeup time.  An alternative approach is
for rcu_prepare_for_idle() to use hrtimers instead of normal timers,
but timers are much more efficient than are hrtimers for frequently
and repeatedly posting and cancelling a given timer, which is exactly
what RCU_FAST_NO_HZ does.

Reported-by: Pascal Chapperon <pascal.chapperon@wanadoo.fr>
Reported-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paul.mckenney@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Pascal Chapperon <pascal.chapperon@wanadoo.fr>

diff --git a/include/linux/rcutiny.h b/include/linux/rcutiny.h
index adb5e5a..854dc4c 100644 (file)
--- a/include/linux/rcutiny.h
+++ b/include/linux/rcutiny.h
@@ -87,8 +87,9 @@ static inline void kfree_call_rcu(struct rcu_head *head,
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_TINY_RCU
 
-static inline int rcu_needs_cpu(int cpu)
+static inline int rcu_needs_cpu(int cpu, unsigned long *delta_jiffies)
 {
+       *delta_jiffies = ULONG_MAX;
        return 0;
 }
 
@@ -96,8 +97,9 @@ static inline int rcu_needs_cpu(int cpu)
 
 int rcu_preempt_needs_cpu(void);
 
-static inline int rcu_needs_cpu(int cpu)
+static inline int rcu_needs_cpu(int cpu, unsigned long *delta_jiffies)
 {
+       *delta_jiffies = ULONG_MAX;
        return rcu_preempt_needs_cpu();
 }
 

diff --git a/include/linux/rcutree.h b/include/linux/rcutree.h
index 3c6083c..952b793 100644 (file)
--- a/include/linux/rcutree.h
+++ b/include/linux/rcutree.h
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 
 extern void rcu_init(void);
 extern void rcu_note_context_switch(int cpu);
-extern int rcu_needs_cpu(int cpu);
+extern int rcu_needs_cpu(int cpu, unsigned long *delta_jiffies);
 extern void rcu_cpu_stall_reset(void);
 
 /*

diff --git a/kernel/rcutree_plugin.h b/kernel/rcutree_plugin.h
index 6bd9637..5271a02 100644 (file)
--- a/kernel/rcutree_plugin.h
+++ b/kernel/rcutree_plugin.h
@@ -1886,8 +1886,9 @@ static void __cpuinit rcu_prepare_kthreads(int cpu)
  * Because we not have RCU_FAST_NO_HZ, just check whether this CPU needs
  * any flavor of RCU.
  */
-int rcu_needs_cpu(int cpu)
+int rcu_needs_cpu(int cpu, unsigned long *delta_jiffies)
 {
+       *delta_jiffies = ULONG_MAX;
        return rcu_cpu_has_callbacks(cpu);
 }
 
@@ -1963,28 +1964,6 @@ static void rcu_idle_count_callbacks_posted(void)
 #define RCU_IDLE_LAZY_GP_DELAY (6 * HZ)        /* Roughly six seconds. */
 
 /*
- * Allow the CPU to enter dyntick-idle mode if either: (1) There are no
- * callbacks on this CPU, (2) this CPU has not yet attempted to enter
- * dyntick-idle mode, or (3) this CPU is in the process of attempting to
- * enter dyntick-idle mode.  Otherwise, if we have recently tried and failed
- * to enter dyntick-idle mode, we refuse to try to enter it.  After all,
- * it is better to incur scheduling-clock interrupts than to spin
- * continuously for the same time duration!
- */
-int rcu_needs_cpu(int cpu)
-{
-       struct rcu_dynticks *rdtp = &per_cpu(rcu_dynticks, cpu);
-
-       /* Flag a new idle sojourn to the idle-entry state machine. */
-       rdtp->idle_first_pass = 1;
-       /* If no callbacks, RCU doesn't need the CPU. */
-       if (!rcu_cpu_has_callbacks(cpu))
-               return 0;
-       /* Otherwise, RCU needs the CPU only if it recently tried and failed. */
-       return rdtp->dyntick_holdoff == jiffies;
-}
-
-/*
  * Does the specified flavor of RCU have non-lazy callbacks pending on
  * the specified CPU?  Both RCU flavor and CPU are specified by the
  * rcu_data structure.
@@ -2027,6 +2006,47 @@ static bool rcu_cpu_has_nonlazy_callbacks(int cpu)
 }
 
 /*
+ * Allow the CPU to enter dyntick-idle mode if either: (1) There are no
+ * callbacks on this CPU, (2) this CPU has not yet attempted to enter
+ * dyntick-idle mode, or (3) this CPU is in the process of attempting to
+ * enter dyntick-idle mode.  Otherwise, if we have recently tried and failed
+ * to enter dyntick-idle mode, we refuse to try to enter it.  After all,
+ * it is better to incur scheduling-clock interrupts than to spin
+ * continuously for the same time duration!
+ *
+ * The delta_jiffies argument is used to store the time when RCU is
+ * going to need the CPU again if it still has callbacks.  The reason
+ * for this is that rcu_prepare_for_idle() might need to post a timer,
+ * but if so, it will do so after tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick() has set
+ * the wakeup time for this CPU.  This means that RCU's timer can be
+ * delayed until the wakeup time, which defeats the purpose of posting
+ * a timer.
+ */
+int rcu_needs_cpu(int cpu, unsigned long *delta_jiffies)
+{
+       struct rcu_dynticks *rdtp = &per_cpu(rcu_dynticks, cpu);
+
+       /* Flag a new idle sojourn to the idle-entry state machine. */
+       rdtp->idle_first_pass = 1;
+       /* If no callbacks, RCU doesn't need the CPU. */
+       if (!rcu_cpu_has_callbacks(cpu)) {
+               *delta_jiffies = ULONG_MAX;
+               return 0;
+       }
+       if (rdtp->dyntick_holdoff == jiffies) {
+               /* RCU recently tried and failed, so don't try again. */
+               *delta_jiffies = 1;
+               return 1;
+       }
+       /* Set up for the possibility that RCU will post a timer. */
+       if (rcu_cpu_has_nonlazy_callbacks(cpu))
+               *delta_jiffies = RCU_IDLE_GP_DELAY;
+       else
+               *delta_jiffies = RCU_IDLE_LAZY_GP_DELAY;
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
  * Handler for smp_call_function_single().  The only point of this
  * handler is to wake the CPU up, so the handler does only tracing.
  */

diff --git a/kernel/time/tick-sched.c b/kernel/time/tick-sched.c
index 6a3a5b9..52f5ebb 100644 (file)
--- a/kernel/time/tick-sched.c
+++ b/kernel/time/tick-sched.c
@@ -274,6 +274,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_cpu_iowait_time_us);
 static void tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick(struct tick_sched *ts)
 {
        unsigned long seq, last_jiffies, next_jiffies, delta_jiffies;
+       unsigned long rcu_delta_jiffies;
        ktime_t last_update, expires, now;
        struct clock_event_device *dev = __get_cpu_var(tick_cpu_device).evtdev;
        u64 time_delta;
@@ -322,7 +323,7 @@ static void tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick(struct tick_sched *ts)
                time_delta = timekeeping_max_deferment();
        } while (read_seqretry(&xtime_lock, seq));
 
-       if (rcu_needs_cpu(cpu) || printk_needs_cpu(cpu) ||
+       if (rcu_needs_cpu(cpu, &rcu_delta_jiffies) || printk_needs_cpu(cpu) ||
            arch_needs_cpu(cpu)) {
                next_jiffies = last_jiffies + 1;
                delta_jiffies = 1;
@@ -330,6 +331,10 @@ static void tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick(struct tick_sched *ts)
                /* Get the next timer wheel timer */
                next_jiffies = get_next_timer_interrupt(last_jiffies);
                delta_jiffies = next_jiffies - last_jiffies;
+               if (rcu_delta_jiffies < delta_jiffies) {
+                       next_jiffies = last_jiffies + rcu_delta_jiffies;
+                       delta_jiffies = rcu_delta_jiffies;
+               }
        }
        /*
         * Do not stop the tick, if we are only one off