-<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//RU">\r
-<!-- Copyright (c) 2001 Josh Coalson -->\r
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-<!-- or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; -->\r
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-<TITLE>FLAC: ðàçðàáîòêà</TITLE>\r
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- <A HREF="index.html">íà÷àëî</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="news.html">íîâîñòè</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="download.html">ôàéëû</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="features.html">õàðàêòåðèñòèêè</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="goals.html">öåëè</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="format.html">ôîðìàò</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="id.html">id</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="comparison.html">ñðàâíåíèå</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- ðàçðàáîòêà </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="documentation.html">äîêóìåíòàöèÿ</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="links.html">ññûëêè</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="authors.html">àâòîðû</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>\r
-</TABLE></CENTER>\r
-\r
-<P><CENTER><TABLE cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0>\r
-<TR><TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD height=22 align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="../developers.html">english</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- ðóññêèé</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>\r
-</TABLE></CENTER></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<CENTER><H2>FLAC: ðàçðàáîòêà</H2></CENTER>\r
-\r
-<H3>Ïðîåêò FLAC</H3>\r
-\r
-<P>FLAC - ýòî îòêðûòûé ïðîåêò è íàì áóäåò î÷åíü ïðèÿòíî, åñëè êòî-ëèáî çàõî÷åò ê íàì ïðèñîåäèíèòüñÿ. Âû ìîæåòå ïðèíèìàòü ó÷àñòèå â ðàçðàáîòêå ÷åðåç <A HREF="http://sourceforge.net/mail/?group_id=13478">ñïèñîê ðàññûëêè</A>, ñîîáùàÿ îá îøèáêàõ èëè âûñêàçûâàÿ ñâîè èäåè, èëè êàê <A HREF="http://sourceforge.net/project/memberlist.php?group_id=13478">ðàçðàáîò÷èê</A>.  ëþáîì ñëó÷àå, ïî÷èòàéòå <A HREF="goals.html">ñïèñîê öåëåé</A>, ñòîÿùèõ ïåðåä ïðîåêòîì, ïîòîìó ÷òî íåêîòîðûå âîçìîæíîñòè, òàêèå êàê çàùèòà îò êîïèðîâàíèÿ è ñæàòèå ñ ïîòåðÿìè, ìû äîáàâëÿòü íå õîòèì.</P>\r
-\r
-<P>Ñïèñîê îñîáåííî âàæíûõ çàäà÷:</P>\r
-\r
-<P><BLOCKQUOTE>\r
-<LI>Òåñòèðîâàíèå. Åíêîäåð, ñæèìàþùèé ôàéë áåç ïîòåðü, äîëæåí ðàáîòàòü àáñîëþòíî êà÷åñòâåííî äëÿ ëþáûõ âõîäíûõ äàííûõ. Íàáîð òåñòîâ ñîäåðæèò îáðàçöû ðàçðàáîòàííûõ ñïåöèàëüíî, ÷òîáû çàñòàâèòü åíêîäåð èçðÿäíî ïîòðóäèòüñÿ, îäíàêî òîëüêî èìè íåëüçÿ îãðàíè÷èâàòüñÿ. ×åì áîëüøå áóäåò òåñòîâ, òåì ëó÷øå.</LI>\r
-\r
-<LI>Áîëüøå ïëàãèíîâ äëÿ ïëåéåðîâ. Ñåé÷àñ åñòü ïëàãèíû òîëüêî äëÿ Winamp è XMMS. Õî÷åòñÿ áîëüøå!</LI>\r
-</BLOCKQUOTE></P>\r
-\r
-<P>×åãî áû åùå õîòåëîñü:</P>\r
-\r
-<P><BLOCKQUOTE>\r
-<LI>Óëó÷øèòü ìåòîäû ñæàòèÿ.</LI>\r
-\r
-<LI>Ïîïðàâèòü ìåéêôàéëû äëÿ MSVC, ÷òîáû âìåñòî <TT>libFLAC.lib</TT> íà âûõîäå ïîëó÷àëñÿ <TT>libFLAC.dll</TT>.</LI>\r
-\r
-<LI>Îáåñïå÷èòü íàñòðàèâàåìóþ ïîääåðæêó ID3v1 è ID3v2 â ïëàãèíàõ.</LI>\r
-\r
-<LI>Cäåëàòü ïîääåðæêó äëÿ áîëüøåãî êîëè÷åñòâà òèïîâ âõîäíûõ ôàéëîâ (íå òîëüêî WAVE è raw).</LI>\r
-\r
-<LI>Íàðèñóéòå êëàññíîå ëîãî!</LI>\r
-</BLOCKQUOTE></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<H3>Èñïîëüçîâàíèå â äðóãèõ ïðîãðàììàõ</H3>\r
-\r
-<P>FLAC îòêðûò äëÿ ðàçðàáîò÷èêîâ, æåëàþùèõ äîáàâèòü ïîääåðæêó FLAC â ñâîèõ ïðîãðàììàõ. Âñå íåîáõîäèìûå ôóíêöèè íàõîäÿòñÿ â áèáëèîòåêå <B><TT>libFLAC</TT></B>, ðàñïðîñòðàíÿåìîé ïî ëèöåíçèè LGPL. Ñîîòâåòñòâóþùàÿ äîêóìåíòàöèÿ íàõîäèòñÿ çäåñü:</P>\r
-\r
-<UL>\r
- <LI><A HREF="documentation.html#libFLAC">API äëÿ libFLAC</A></LI>\r
- <LI><A HREF="format.html">îïèñàíèå ôîðìàòà</A> FLAC.</LI>\r
- <LI><A HREF="id.html">ñòðàíèöà ðåãèñòðàöèè id</A> äëÿ çàïèñè ñâîèõ ìåòàäàííûõ.</LI>\r
-</UL>\r
-\r
-<P> èñõîäíûõ òåêñòàõ ïðîåêòà åñòü íåñêîëüêî ïðèìåðîâ èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ <B><TT>libFLAC</TT></B>. Íà ñòðàíèöå <A HREF="download.html">ôàéëû</A> íàïèñàíî, êàê ìîæíî èõ ïîëó÷èòü.</P>\r
-\r
-<P> Copyright (c) 2001 Josh Coalson</P>\r
-\r
-</BODY>\r
-</HTML>\r
+<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//RU">
+<!-- Copyright (c) 2001 Josh Coalson -->
+<!-- Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document -->
+<!-- under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 -->
+<!-- or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; -->
+<!-- with no invariant sections. -->
+<!-- A copy of the license can be found at http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html -->
+<HTML>
+<HEAD>
+<META CHARSET="windows-1251">
+<TITLE>FLAC: ðàçðàáîòêà</TITLE>
+</HEAD>
+
+<BODY>
+<CENTER><TABLE cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0>
+<TR>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD height=22 align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="index.html">íà÷àëî</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="news.html">íîâîñòè</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="download.html">ôàéëû</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="features.html">õàðàêòåðèñòèêè</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="goals.html">öåëè</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="format.html">ôîðìàò</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>
+
+<TR>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="id.html">id</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="comparison.html">ñðàâíåíèå</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ ðàçðàáîòêà </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="documentation.html">äîêóìåíòàöèÿ</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="links.html">ññûëêè</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="authors.html">àâòîðû</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>
+</TABLE></CENTER>
+
+<P><CENTER><TABLE cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0>
+<TR><TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD height=22 align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="../developers.html">english</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ ðóññêèé</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>
+</TABLE></CENTER></P>
+
+
+<CENTER><H2>FLAC: ðàçðàáîòêà</H2></CENTER>
+
+<H3>Ïðîåêò FLAC</H3>
+
+<P>FLAC - ýòî îòêðûòûé ïðîåêò è íàì áóäåò î÷åíü ïðèÿòíî, åñëè êòî-ëèáî çàõî÷åò ê íàì ïðèñîåäèíèòüñÿ. Âû ìîæåòå ïðèíèìàòü ó÷àñòèå â ðàçðàáîòêå ÷åðåç <A HREF="http://sourceforge.net/mail/?group_id=13478">ñïèñîê ðàññûëêè</A>, ñîîáùàÿ îá îøèáêàõ èëè âûñêàçûâàÿ ñâîè èäåè, èëè êàê <A HREF="http://sourceforge.net/project/memberlist.php?group_id=13478">ðàçðàáîò÷èê</A>.  ëþáîì ñëó÷àå, ïî÷èòàéòå <A HREF="goals.html">ñïèñîê öåëåé</A>, ñòîÿùèõ ïåðåä ïðîåêòîì, ïîòîìó ÷òî íåêîòîðûå âîçìîæíîñòè, òàêèå êàê çàùèòà îò êîïèðîâàíèÿ è ñæàòèå ñ ïîòåðÿìè, ìû äîáàâëÿòü íå õîòèì.</P>
+
+<P>Ñïèñîê îñîáåííî âàæíûõ çàäà÷:</P>
+
+<P><BLOCKQUOTE>
+<LI>Òåñòèðîâàíèå. Åíêîäåð, ñæèìàþùèé ôàéë áåç ïîòåðü, äîëæåí ðàáîòàòü àáñîëþòíî êà÷åñòâåííî äëÿ ëþáûõ âõîäíûõ äàííûõ. Íàáîð òåñòîâ ñîäåðæèò îáðàçöû ðàçðàáîòàííûõ ñïåöèàëüíî, ÷òîáû çàñòàâèòü åíêîäåð èçðÿäíî ïîòðóäèòüñÿ, îäíàêî òîëüêî èìè íåëüçÿ îãðàíè÷èâàòüñÿ. ×åì áîëüøå áóäåò òåñòîâ, òåì ëó÷øå.</LI>
+
+<LI>Áîëüøå ïëàãèíîâ äëÿ ïëåéåðîâ. Ñåé÷àñ åñòü ïëàãèíû òîëüêî äëÿ Winamp è XMMS. Õî÷åòñÿ áîëüøå!</LI>
+</BLOCKQUOTE></P>
+
+<P>×åãî áû åùå õîòåëîñü:</P>
+
+<P><BLOCKQUOTE>
+<LI>Óëó÷øèòü ìåòîäû ñæàòèÿ.</LI>
+
+<LI>Ïîïðàâèòü ìåéêôàéëû äëÿ MSVC, ÷òîáû âìåñòî <TT>libFLAC.lib</TT> íà âûõîäå ïîëó÷àëñÿ <TT>libFLAC.dll</TT>.</LI>
+
+<LI>Îáåñïå÷èòü íàñòðàèâàåìóþ ïîääåðæêó ID3v1 è ID3v2 â ïëàãèíàõ.</LI>
+
+<LI>Cäåëàòü ïîääåðæêó äëÿ áîëüøåãî êîëè÷åñòâà òèïîâ âõîäíûõ ôàéëîâ (íå òîëüêî WAVE è raw).</LI>
+
+<LI>Íàðèñóéòå êëàññíîå ëîãî!</LI>
+</BLOCKQUOTE></P>
+
+
+<H3>Èñïîëüçîâàíèå â äðóãèõ ïðîãðàììàõ</H3>
+
+<P>FLAC îòêðûò äëÿ ðàçðàáîò÷èêîâ, æåëàþùèõ äîáàâèòü ïîääåðæêó FLAC â ñâîèõ ïðîãðàììàõ. Âñå íåîáõîäèìûå ôóíêöèè íàõîäÿòñÿ â áèáëèîòåêå <B><TT>libFLAC</TT></B>, ðàñïðîñòðàíÿåìîé ïî ëèöåíçèè LGPL. Ñîîòâåòñòâóþùàÿ äîêóìåíòàöèÿ íàõîäèòñÿ çäåñü:</P>
+
+<UL>
+ <LI><A HREF="documentation.html#libFLAC">API äëÿ libFLAC</A></LI>
+ <LI><A HREF="format.html">îïèñàíèå ôîðìàòà</A> FLAC.</LI>
+ <LI><A HREF="id.html">ñòðàíèöà ðåãèñòðàöèè id</A> äëÿ çàïèñè ñâîèõ ìåòàäàííûõ.</LI>
+</UL>
+
+<P> èñõîäíûõ òåêñòàõ ïðîåêòà åñòü íåñêîëüêî ïðèìåðîâ èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ <B><TT>libFLAC</TT></B>. Íà ñòðàíèöå <A HREF="download.html">ôàéëû</A> íàïèñàíî, êàê ìîæíî èõ ïîëó÷èòü.</P>
+
+<P> Copyright (c) 2001 Josh Coalson</P>
+
+</BODY>
+</HTML>
-<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//RU">\r
-<!-- Copyright (c) 2001 Josh Coalson -->\r
-<!-- Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document -->\r
-<!-- under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 -->\r
-<!-- or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; -->\r
-<!-- with no invariant sections. -->\r
-<!-- A copy of the license can be found at http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html -->\r
-<HTML>\r
-<HEAD>\r
-<META CHARSET="windows-1251">\r
-<TITLE>FLAC: äîêóìåíòàöèÿ</TITLE>\r
-</HEAD>\r
-\r
-<BODY>\r
-<CENTER><TABLE cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0>\r
-<TR>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD height=22 align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="index.html">íà÷àëî</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="news.html">íîâîñòè</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="download.html">ôàéëû</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="features.html">õàðàêòåðèñòèêè</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="goals.html">öåëè</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="format.html">ôîðìàò</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="id.html">id</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="comparison.html">ñðàâíåíèå</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="developers.html">ðàçðàáîòêà</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- äîêóìåíòàöèÿ </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="links.html">ññûëêè</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="authors.html">àâòîðû</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>\r
-</TABLE></CENTER>\r
-\r
-<P><CENTER><TABLE cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0>\r
-<TR><TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD height=22 align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="../documentation.html">english</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- ðóññêèé</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>\r
-</TABLE></CENTER></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<CENTER><H2>FLAC: äîêóìåíòàöèÿ</H2></CENTER>\r
-\r
-<H3>Äîêóìåíòàöèÿ</H3>\r
-\r
-<P>Ýòà ñòðàíèöà ðàçáèòà íà ñëåäóþùèå ðàçäåëû:</P>\r
-\r
-çäåñü íàõîäèòñÿ äîêóìåíòàöèÿ äëÿ óòèëèòû êîìàäíîé ñòðîêè <B><TT>flac</TT></B>, ðåäàêòîðà ìåòàäàííûõ <B><TT>metaflac</TT></B> è <A HREF="documentation.html#plugins">ïëàãèíîâ</A> äëÿ ïëååðîâ.</P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<UL>\r
- <LI><A HREF="#format">ôîðìàò</A> - îïèñàíèå ôîðìàòà FLAC äëÿ ïîëüçîâàòåëÿ (áîëåå äåòàëüíîå îïèñàíèå äëÿ ðàçðàáîò÷èêà ïðèâåäåíî íà <A HREF="format.html">ýòîé</A> ñòðàíèöå).</LI>\r
- <LI><A HREF="#flac"><B><TT>flac</TT></B></A> - ècïîëüçîâàíèå êîäåêà <B><TT>flac</TT></B>, ðàáîòàþùåãî èç êîìàíäíîé ñòðîêè.</LI>\r
- <LI><A HREF="#metaflac"><B><TT>metaflac</TT></B></A> - èñïîëüçîâàíèå ðåäàêòîðà ìåòàäàííûõ <B><TT>metaflac</TT></B>, ðàáîòàþùåãî èç êîìàíäíîé ñòðîêè.</LI>\r
- <LI><A HREF="#plugins">ïëàãèíû</A> - äîêóìåíòàöèÿ äëÿ ðàçëè÷íûõ ïëàãèíîâ.</LI>\r
- <LI><A HREF="#libflac">API äëÿ <B><TT>libFLAC</TT></B></A> - äëÿ ðàçðàáîò÷èêîâ, æåëàþùèõ èñïîëüçîâàòü ïîääåðæêó FLAC â ñâîèõ ïðîäóêòàõ.</LI>\r
- <LI><A HREF="#bugs">îøèáêè</A> - èçâåñòíûå îøèáêè.</LI>\r
-</UL>\r
-\r
-<P>Ïîìíèòå, ÷òî îíëàéíîâàÿ âåðñèÿ ýòîãî äîêóìåíòà (íà àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå) âêëþ÷àåòñÿ â ïîñëåäíèé ðåëèç.</P>\r
-\r
-<A NAME="format">\r
-<H3>Ôîðìàò</H3>\r
-\r
-<P>Îïöèè ïî óìîë÷àíèþ äëÿ <B><TT>flac</TT></B> íàñòðîåíû íà ïîëó÷åíèå îïòèìàëüíîãî ñîîòíîøåíèÿ ñêîðîñòü/óðîâåíü ñæàòèÿ äëÿ áîëüøèíñòâà òèïîâ âõîäíûõ ôàéëîâ. Çäåñü îïèñûâàåòñÿ êàê ìîæíî ïîïûòàòüñÿ óâåëè÷èòü óðîâåíü èëè ñêîðîñòü ñæàòèÿ èëè ñ íàèáîëüøèì ýôôåêòîì èñïîëüçîâàòü ñèñòåìó ìåòàäàííûõ.</P>\r
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-<P>Îñíîâíûìè ÷àñòÿìè ïîòîêà ÿâëÿþòñÿ:</P>\r
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-<P><BLOCKQUOTE><UL>\r
- <LI>Ñòðîêà èç ÷åòûðåõ áàéòîâ "fLaC".</LI>\r
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- <LI>Áëîê ìåòàäàííûõ <A HREF="format.html#def_STREAMINFO">STREAMINFO</A>.</LI>\r
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- <LI>Äðóãèå íåîáÿçàòåëüíûå áëîêè ìåòàäàííûõ.</LI>\r
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- <LI>Îäèí èëè áîëåå àóäèî ôðåéìîâ.</LI>\r
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-<P>Ïåðâûå ÷åòûðå áàéòà èäåòèôèöèðóþò ïîòîê FLAC. Ñëåäóþùèå çà íèìè ìåòàäàííûå ñîäåðæàò èíôîðìàöèþ î ïîòîêå, çàòåì èäóò ñæàòûå àóäèîäàííûå.</P>\r
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-<P>FLAC îïðåäåëÿåò íåñêîëüêî òèïîâ áëîêîâ ìåòàäàííûõ (âñå îíè ïåðå÷èñëåíû íà ñòðàíèöå <A HREF="format.html">ôîðìàò</A>). Áëîêè ìåòàäàííûõ ìîãóò áûòü ëþáîãî ðàçìåðà, íîâûå áëîêè ìîãóò áûòü ëåãêî äîáàâëåíû. Äåêîäåð èìååò âîçìîæíîñòü ïðîïóñêàòü íåèçâåòíûå åìó áëîêè ìåòàäàííûõ. Îáÿçàòåëåí òîëüêî áëîê STREAMINFO.  íåì ñîäåðæèòñÿ ÷àñòîòà äèñêðåòèçàöèÿ, êîëè÷åñòâî êàíàëîâ è ò.ï., à òàêæå äàííûå ïîçâîëÿþùèå äåêîäåðó íàñòðîèòü áóôôåðû. Ñþäà òàêæå çàïèñûâàåòñÿ ïîäïèñü MD5 <I>íåñæàòûõ</I> àóäèîäàííûõ. Ýòî ïîëåçíî äëÿ ïðîâåðêè âñåãî ïîòîêà ïîñëå åãî ïåðåäà÷è.</P>\r
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-<P>Äðóãèå áëîêè ïðåäíàçíà÷åíû äëÿ ðåçåðâèðîâàíèÿ ìåñòà, õðàíåíèÿ òàáëèö òî÷åê ïîèñêà, à òàêæå äàííûõ äëÿ êîíêðåòíûõ ïðèëîæåíèé. Îïöèè äëÿ äîáàâëåíèÿ áëîêîâ PADDING èëè òî÷åê ïîèñêà ïðèâåäåíû íèæå. FLAC íå íóæäàåòñÿ â òî÷êàõ ïîèñêà, îäíàêî îíè ïîçâîëÿþò çíà÷èòåëüíî óâåëè÷èòü ñêîðîñòü äîñòóïà, à òàêæå ìîãóò áûòü èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ äëÿ ðàññòàíîâêè ìåòîê â àóäèî ðåäàêòîðàõ.</P>\r
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-<P>Åñëè Âàì íóæåí ñîáñòâåííûé áëîê ìåòàäàííûõ, Âû ìîæåòå îïðåäåëèòü åãî è çàïðîñèòü èäåíòèôèêàòîð <A HREF="id.html">çäåñü</A>. Âû ìîæåòå çàðåçåðâèðîâàòü áëîê PADDING íåîáõîäèìîãî ðàçìåðà è çàïèñàòü íà åãî ìåñòî ñâîè äàííûå ïîñëå êîäèðîâàíèÿ. Ïîëó÷åíííûé ïîòîê áóäåò îòâå÷àòü ôîðìàòó FLAC, äåêîäåðû ðàñïîçíàþùèå ýòè áëîêè ñìîãóò èõ èñïîëüçîâàòü, îñòàëüíûå áóäóò èõ ïðîïóñêàòü.</P>\r
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-<H4>Àóäèîäàííûå</H4>\r
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-<P>Çà ìåòàäàííûì ñëåäóþò ñæàòûå àóäèîäàííûå. Ìåòàäàííûå è àóäèîäàííûå íå ÷åðåäóþòñÿ. Êàê è áîëüøèíñòâî êîäåêîâ FLAC äåëèò âõîäíîé ïîòîê íà áëîêè è êîäèðóåò èõ íåçàâèñèìî äðóã îò äðóãà. Áëîê óïàêîâûâàòñÿ âî ôðåéì è äîáàâëÿåòñÿ ê ïîòîêó. Áàçîâûé åíêîäåð èñïîëüçóåò áëîêè ïîñòîÿííîãî ðàçìåðà äëÿ âñåãî ïîòîêà, îäíàêî ôîðìàò ïðåäóñìàòðèâàåò íàëè÷èå áëîêîâ ðàçíîé äëèíû â ïîòîêå.</P>\r
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-<P>Ðàçìåð áëîêà - î÷åíü âàæíûé ïàðàìåòð äëÿ êîäèðîâàíèÿ. Åñëè îí î÷åíü ìàë, òî â ïîòîêå áóäåò ñëèøêîì çàãîëîâêîâ ôðåéìîâ, ÷òî óìåíüøèò óðîâåíü ñæàòèÿ. Åñëè ðàçìåð áîëüøîé, òî åíêîäåð íå ñìîæåò ïîäîáðàòü ýôôåêòèâíóþ ìîäåëü ñæàòèÿ. Ïîíèìàíèå ïðîöåññà ìîäåëèðîâàíèÿ ïîìîæåò Âàì óâåëè÷èòü óðîâåíü ñæàòèÿ äëÿ íåêîòîðûõ òèïîâ âõîäíûõ äàííûõ. Îáû÷íî ïðè èñïîëüçîâàíèè ëèíåéíîãî ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèÿ íà àóäèîäàííûõ ñ ÷àñòîòîé äèñêðåòèçàöèè 44.1 êÃö îïòèìàëüíûé ðàçìåð áëîêà ëåæèò â äèàïàçîíå 2-6 òûñÿ÷ ñýìïëîâ.  ýòîì ñëó÷àå çíà÷åíèå ïî óìîë÷àíèþ - 4608. Åñëè èñïîëüçîâàòü áûñòðûå ïîñòîÿííûå ïðåäèêòîðû, ïðåäïî÷òèòåëüíåå ìåíüøèå ðàçìåðû áëîêîâ, òàê êàê â ýòîì ñëó÷àå ðàçìåðû çàãîëîâêîâ ôðåéìîâ ìåíüøå.</P>\r
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-<H4>Ìåæêàíàëüíàÿ äåêîððåëÿöèÿ</H4>\r
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-<P>Åñëè íà âõîä ïîñòóïàþò ñòåðåî àóäèîäàííûå, îíè ìîãóò ïðîéòè ÷åðåç ñòàäèþ ìåæêàíàëüíîé äåêîððåëÿöèè. Ïðàâûé è ëåâûé êàíàë ïðåîáðàçóþòñÿ ê ñðåäíåìó è ðàçíîñòíîìó ïî ôîðìóëàì: <TT>ñðåäíèé = (ëåâûé + ïðàâûé)/2</TT>, <TT>ðàçíîñòíûé = ëåâûé - ïðàâûé</TT>.  îòëè÷èå îò joint stereo ýòîò ïðîöåññ íå ïðèâîäèò ê ïîòåðÿì. Äëÿ äàííûõ ñ àóäèî êîìïàêò-äèñêîâ ýòî îáû÷íî ïðèâîäèò ê çíà÷èòåëüíîìó óâåëè÷åíèþ óðîâíÿ ñæàòèÿ. Äëÿ âêëþ÷åíèÿ èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ ýòîãî ìåòîäà êîäèðîâàíèÿ <B><TT>flac</TT></B> èìååò äâå îïöèè: <TT>-m</TT> âñåãäà äåëàåò ðàçíîñòíóþ è íåçàâèñèìóþ âåðñèþ áëîêà è âûáèðàåò íàèìåíüøèé ôðåéì è <TT>-M</TT>, êîòîðàÿ àäàïòèâíî âûáèðàåò ñõåìó ñæàòèÿ.</P>\r
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-<H4>Ìîäåëèðîâàíèå</H4>\r
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-<P>Íà ñëåäóþùåì ýòàïå åíêîäåð ïûòàåòñÿ àïïðîêñèìèðîâàòü ñèãíàë òàêîé ôóíêöèåé, ÷òîáû ïîëó÷åííûé ïîñëå åå âû÷èòàíèÿ èç îðèãèíàëà ðåçóëüòàò (íàçûâàåìûé ðàçíîñòüþ, îñòàòêîì, îøèáêîé) ìîæíî áûëî çàêîäèðîâàòü ìèíèìàëüíûì êîëè÷åñòâîì áèòîâ. Ïàðàìåòðû ôóíêöèé òîæå äîëæíû çàïèñûâàòüñÿ, ïîýòîìó îíè íå äîëæíû çàíèìàòü ìíîãî ìåñòà. FLAC èñïîëüçóåò äâà ìåòîäà ôîðìèðîâàíèÿ àïïðîêñèìàöèé: 1) ïîäãîíêà ïðîñòîãî ïîëèíîìà ê ñèãíàëó è 2) îáùåå êîäèðîâàíèå ñ ëèíåéíûìè ïðåäèêòîðàìè (LPC).</P>\r
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-<P>Âî-ïåðâûõ, ïîñòîÿííîå ïîëèíîìèàëüíîå ïðåäñêàçàíèå (<TT>-l 0</TT>) ðàáîòàåò çíà÷èòåëüíî áûñòðåå, íî ìåíåå òî÷íî, ÷åì LPC. ×åì âûøå ïîðÿäîê LPC, òåì ìåäëåííåå, íî ëó÷øå áóäåò ìîäåëü. Îäíàêî ñ óâåëè÷åíèåì ïîðÿäêà âûèãðûø áóäåò âñå ìåíåå çíà÷èòåëüíûì.  íåêîòîðîé òî÷êå (îáû÷íî îêîëî 9) ïðîöåäóðà åíêîäåðà, îïðåäåëÿþùàÿ íàèëó÷øèé ïîðÿäîê, íà÷èíàåò îøèáàòüñÿ è ðàçìåð ïîëó÷àåìûõ ôðåéìîâ âîçðàñòàåò. ×òîáû ïðåîäîëåòü ýòî, ìîæíî èñïîëüçîâàòü ïîëíûé ïåðåáîð (îïöèÿ <TT>-e</TT>), ÷òî ïðèâåäåò ê çíà÷èòåëüíîìó óâåëè÷åíèþ âðåìåíè êîäèðîâàíèÿ.</P>\r
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-<P>Âî-âòîðûõ, ïàðàìåòðû äëÿ ïîñòîÿííûõ ïðåäèêòîðîâ ìîãóò áûòü îïèñàíû òðåìÿ áèòàìè, à ïàðàìåòðû äëÿ ìîäåëè LPC çàâèñÿò îò êîëè÷åñòâà áèò íà ñýìïë è ïîðÿäêà LPC. Ýòî çíà÷èò, ÷òî ðàçìåð çàãîëîâêà ôðåéìà çàâèñèò îò âûáðàííîãî ìåòîäà è ïîðÿäêà è ìîæåò ïîâëèÿòü íà îïòèìàëüíûé ðàçìåð áëîêà.</P>\r
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-<P>Êîãäà ìîäåëü ïîäîáðàíà, åíêîäåð âû÷èòàåò ïðèáëèæåíèå èç îðèãèíàëà, ÷òîáû ïîëó÷èòü îñòàòî÷íûé (îøèáî÷íûé) ñèãíàë, êîòîðûé çàòåì êîäèðóåòñÿ áåç ïîòåðü. Äëÿ ýòîãî èñïîëüçóåòñÿ òî îáñòîÿòåëüñòâî, ÷òî ðàçíîñòíûé ñèãíàë îáû÷íî èìååò ðàñïðåäåëåíèå Ëàïëàñà è åñòü íàáîð ñïåöèàëüíûé êîäîâ Õàôôìàíà, íàçûâàåìûå êîäàìè Ðàéñà, ïîçâîëÿþùèå ýôôåêòèâíî è áûñòðî êîäèðîâàòü ýòè ñèãíàëû áåç èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ ñëîâàðÿ.</P>\r
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-<P>Êîäèðîâàíèå Ðàéñà ñîñòîèò èç íàõîæäåíèÿ îäíîãî ïàðàìåòðà, îòâå÷àþùåãî ðàñïðåäåëåíèþ ñèãíàëà, à çàòåì èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ åãî äëÿ ñîñòàâëåíèÿ êîäîâ. Ïðè èçìåíåíèè ðàñïðåäåëåíèÿ ìåíÿåòñÿ è îïòèìàëüíûé ïàðàìåòð, ïîýòîìó èìååòñÿ ìåòîä ïîçâîëÿþùèé ïåðåñ÷èòûâàòü åãî ïî íåîáõîäèìîñòè. Îñòàòîê ìîæåò áûòü ðàçáèò íà <I>êîíòåêñòû</I> èëè <I>ðàçäåëû</I>, ó êàæäîãî èç êîòîðûõ áóäåò ñâîé ïàðàìåòð Ðàéñà. <B><TT>flac</TT></B> ïîçâîëÿåò óêàçàòü, êàê íóæíî ïðîèçâîäèòü ðàçáèåíèå, ñ ïîìîùüþ îïöèè <TT>-r</TT>. Îñòàòîê ìîæåò áûòü ðàçáèò íà <I>2^n</I> ðàçäåëà, åñëè èñïîëüçîâàòü <TT>-r n,n</TT>. Ïàðàìåòð <I>n</I> íàçûâàåòñÿ ïîðÿäêîì ðàçäåëà. Òàêæå åíêîäåð ìîæåò èñêàòü â ïðåäåëàõ îò <I>m</I> äî <I>n</I> ïîðÿäêà, âûáèðàÿ ëó÷øèé âàðèàíò, åñëè óêàçàòü <TT>-r m,n</TT>. Îáû÷íî âûáîð <I>n</I> íå âëèÿåò íà ñêîðîñòü êîäèðîâàíèÿ. Îò ðàçíèöû ìåæäó <I>m</I> è <I>n</I> ñèëüíî çàâèñèò âðåìÿ ðàáîòû, ÷åì îíà áîëüøå, òåì áîëüøå âðåìåíè áóäåò çàòðà÷èâàòüñÿ íà ïîèñê ëó÷øåãî ïîðÿäêà. Âûáîð ðàçìåðà áëîêà òàêæå âëèÿåò íà îïòèìàëüíûé ïîðÿäîê ðàçäåëà.</P>\r
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-<P>Àóäèîôðåéìó ïðåäøåñòâóåò çàãîëîâîê, êîòîðûé íà÷èíàåòñÿ ñ êîäà ñèíõðîíèçàöèè è ñîäåðæèò ìèíèìóì èíôîðìàöèè, íåîáõîäèìîé äåêîäåðó äëÿ âîñïðîèçâåäåíèÿ ïîòîêà. Ñþäà òàêæå çàïèñûâàåòñÿ íîìåð áëîêà èëè ñýìïëà è âîñüìèáèòíàÿ êîíòðîëüíàÿ ñóììà ñàìîãî çàãîëîâêà. Êîä ñèíõðîíèçàöèè, CRC çàãîëîâêà ôðåéìà è íîìåð áëîêà/ñýìïëà ïîçâîëÿþò îñóùåñòâëÿòü ïåðåñèíõðîíèçàöèþ è ïîèñê äàæå â îòñóòñòâèå òî÷åê ïîèñêà.  êîíöå ôðåéìà çàïèñûâàåòñÿ åãî øåñòíàäöàòèáèòíàÿ êîíòðîëüíàÿ ñóììà. Åñëè áàçîâûé äåêîäåð îáíàðóæèò îøèáêó, áóäåò ñãåíåðèðîâàí áëîê òèøèíû.</P>\r
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-<P>×òîáû ïîääåðæèâàòü îñíîâíûå òèïû ìåòàäàííûõ, áàçîâûé äåêîäåð óìååò ïðîïóñêàòü òåãè ID3V1 è ID3V2, ïîýòîìó èõ ìîæíî ñâîáîäíî äîáàâëÿòü. Òåãè ID3V2 äîëæíû ðàñïîëàãàòüñÿ ïåðåä ìàðêåðîì "fLaC", à òåãè ID3V1 - â êîíöå ôàéëà.</P>\r
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-<P>Ó <B><TT>flac</TT></B> åñòü îïöèÿ (<TT>-V</TT>) äëÿ ïðîâåðêè âûõîäíûõ äàííûõ ïðè êîäèðîâàíèè.  ýòîì ñëó÷àå äåêîäåð ðàáîòàåò îäíîâðåìåííî ñ åíêîäåðîì è åãî âûõîä ñðàâíèâàåòñÿ ñ îðèãèíàëüíûì ââîäîì. Åñëè áóäåò íàéäåíî îòëè÷èå, <B><TT>flac</TT></B> çàêîí÷èò ðàáîòó ñ ñîîáùåíèåì îá îøèáêå.</P>\r
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-<P><B><TT>flac</TT></B> - ýòî êîäåê, ðàáîòàþùèé èç êîìàíäíîé ñòðîêè. Âõîäîì äëÿ åíêîäåðà è âûõîäîì äëÿ äåêîäåðà äîëæåí áûòü ëèáî äàííûå â ôîðìàòå RIFF WAVE, ëèáî ïîòîê ñýìïëîâ áåç çàãîëîâêà. <B><TT>flac</TT></B> èñïîëüçóåò òîëüêî ëèíåéíûå PCM ñýìïëû (äðóãèìè ñëîâàìè, A-LAW, uLAW, è ò.ï. íå ïîääåðæèâàþòñÿ). Ñëåäóþùèì îãðàíè÷åíèåì ÿâëÿåòñÿ òî, ÷òî âî êîäèðóåìîì ôàéëå ñýìïëû äîëæíû áûòü 8, 16 èëè 24-áèòíûìè. Ýòî íå îãðàíè÷åíèå ôîðìàòà, ïðîñòî òàê ðàáîòàþò áàçîâûé åíêîäåð è äåêîäåð.</P>\r
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-<P><B><TT>flac</TT></B> ïðåäïîëàãàåò, ÷òî ôàéëû RIFF WAVE èìåþò ñóôôèêñ ".wav"; ýòî óìîë÷àíèå ìîæåò áûòü ïåðåîïðåäåëåíî ñïåöèàëüíûì êëþ÷îì. Äëÿ äàííûõ, ïîñòóïàþùèõ èç ïîòîêà, <B><TT>flac</TT></B> ïûòàåòñÿ îïðåäåëèòü òèï, ïðîñìàòðèâàÿ íà÷àëî ôàéëà â ïîèñêå çàãîëîâêà.  îñòàëüíûõ ñëó÷àÿõ <B><TT>flac</TT></B> íå äåëàåò ïðåäïîëîæåíèé î ñóôôèêñàõ, õîòÿ ïî ñîãëàøåíèþ ôàéëû FLAC èìåþò ñóôôèêñ ".flac" (èëè ".fla" íà ñòàðûõ ôàéëîâûõ ñèñòåìàõ òàêèõ êàê FAT-16).</P>\r
-\r
-<P>Ïåðåä ïîëíûì îïèñàíèåì êëþ÷åé, èñïîëüçóåìûõ <B><TT>flac</TT></B>, îáðàòèì âíèìàíèå íà òî ÷òî: 1) ïî óìîë÷àíèþ <B><TT>flac</TT></B> ñæèìàåò ôàéëû (äëÿ äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ èñïîëüçóéòå êëþ÷ <TT>-d</TT>); 2) êëþ÷è <TT>-0..-9</TT>, óïðàâëÿþùèå óðîâíåì ñæàòèÿ, ÿâëÿþòñÿ ñèíîíèìàìè äëÿ ðàçëè÷íûõ ãðóïï íàñòðîåê êîäèðîâàíèÿ. Òîãî æå ýôôåêòà ìîæíî äîáèòüñÿ, èñïîëüçóÿ íàáîðû ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèõ êëþ÷åé; 3) ìîäåëü îáðàáîòêè âõîäíûõ è âûõîäíûõ ôàéëîâ ó <B><TT>flac</TT></B> àíàëîãè÷íà <B><TT>gzip</TT></B>.</P>\r
-\r
-<P><B><TT>flac</TT></B> âûçûâàåòñÿ îäíèì èç ÷åòûðåõ ñïîñîáîâ:</P>\r
-\r
-<BLOCKQUOTE><UL>\r
- <LI>Êîäèðîâàíèå:<BR><TT>flac [-s] [--skip #] [<I><A HREF="#format_options"><íàñòðîéêè_ôîðìàòà></A></I>] [<I><A HREF="#encoding_options"><îïöèè_êîäèðîâàíèÿ></A></I>] [âõîäíîé_ôàéë [...]]</TT></LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>Äåêîäèðîâàíèå:<BR><TT>flac -d [-s] [--skip #] [<I><A HREF="#format_options"><íàñòðîéêè_ôîðìàòà></A></I>] [<I><A HREF="#encoding_options"><îïöèè_êîäèðîâàíèÿ></A></I>] [âõîäíîé_ôàéë [...]]</TT></LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>Òåñòèðîâàíèå:<BR><TT>flac -t [-s] [âõîäíîé_ôàéë [...]]</TT></LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>Àíàëèç:<BR><TT>flac -a [-s] [--skip #] [<I><A HREF="#analysis_options"><îïöèè_àíàëèçà></A></I>] [âõîäíîé_ôàéë [...]]</TT></LI>\r
-</UL></BLOCKQUOTE></P>\r
-\r
-<P> ëþáîì ñëó÷àå, åñëè âõîäíîé ôàéë íå óêàçàí, ïîäðàçóìåâàåòñÿ ñòàíäàðòíûé ââîä. Åñëè óêàçàí òîëüêî îäèí âõîäíîé ôàéë, òî ýòî ìîæåò áûòü "-" äëÿ ñòàíäàðòíîãî ââîäà (stdin). Êîãäà èñïîëüçóåòñÿ ñòàíäàðòíûé ââîä, <B><TT>flac</TT></B> ïèøåò â ñòàíäàðòíûé âûâîä (stdout).  îñòàëüíûõ ñëó÷àÿõ <B><TT>flac</TT></B> âûïîëíèò óêàçàííûå äåéñòâèÿ äëÿ êàæäîãî âõîäíîãî ôàéëà è çàïèøåò ðåçóëüòàòû â ôàéëû ñ àíàëîãè÷íûìè èìåíàìè (ïðè êîäèðîâàíèè ñóôôèêñ áóäåò çàìåíåí íà ".flac" èëè, åñëè åãî íå áûëî, áóäåò äîáàâëåí; ïðè äåêîäèðîâàíèè ñóôôèêñû òàêæå èçìåíÿþòñÿ â ñîîòâåòñòâèè ñ òèïîì âûõîäíûõ äàííûõ.) Îðèãèíàë óäàëÿåòñÿ, òîëüêî åñëè óêàçàí êëþ÷ <TT>--delete-input-file</TT>.</P>\r
-\r
-<P>Ñóùåñòâóþò îñîáûå ôîðìû âûçîâà ïðîöåäóð êîäèðîâàíèÿ/äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ èç ñòàíäàíäàðòíîãî ââîäà â ôàéë.</P>\r
-\r
-<P><BLOCKQUOTE>\r
-<UL>\r
- <LI><TT>flac [îïöèè] - âûõîäíîé_ôàéë</TT></LI>\r
-\r
- <LI><TT>flac -d [îïöèè] - âûõîäíîé_ôàéë</TT></LI>\r
-</UL>\r
-\r
-<P>êîòîðûå ëó÷øå ÷åì</P>\r
-\r
-<UL>\r
- <LI><TT>flac [îïöèè] > âûõîäíîé_ôàéë</TT></LI>\r
-\r
- <LI><TT>flac -d [îïöèè] > âûõîäíîé_ôàéë</TT></LI>\r
-</UL>\r
-</BLOCKQUOTE></P>\r
-\r
-<P>òàê êàê â ïåðâîì ñëó÷àå ñîõðàíÿåòñÿ âîçìîæíîñòü ïðîèçâåñòè ïðè íåîáõîäèìîñòè ïîñëåäóþùóþ îáðàáîòêó ôàéëà, íàïðèìåð äëÿ çàïèñè çàãîëîâêîâ <TT>RIFF WAVE</TT> èëè <TT>STREAMINFO</TT>.</P>\r
-\r
-<P>Äàííûå â ñòàíäàðòíûé âûâîä ìîæíî ïåðåíàïðàâèòü ñ ïîìîùüþ êëþ÷à <TT>-c</TT>.</P>\r
-\r
-<P>Îïöèè êîäèðîâàíèÿ âëèÿþò íà ñêîðîñòü ðàáîòû è óðîâåíü ñæàòèÿ. Íàñòðîéêè ôîðìàòà îïðåäåëÿþò ðàñïîëîæåíèå ñýìïëîâ, åñëè íà âõîä ïîñòóïàåò ôàéë áåç çàãîëîâêà. Åñëè ó ôàéëà åñòü çàãîëîâîê <TT>RIFF WAVE</TT>, òî íàñòîéêè ôîðìàòà íå íóæíû, òàê êàê îíè áåðóòñÿ èç ôàéëà.</P>\r
-\r
-<P> ðåæèìå òåñòèðîâàíèÿ <B><TT>flac</TT></B> ðàáîòàåò êàê è ïðè äåêîäèðîâàíèè, òîëüêî âûõîäíîé ôàéë íå çàïèñûâàåòñÿ. Ðåæèìû äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ è òåñòèðîâàíèÿ ïðîâåðÿþò ïîòîê íà íàëè÷èå îøèáîê, à òàêæå ñðàâíèâàþò ïîäïèñü MD5 äåêîäèðîâàííîãî ïîòîêà ñ ñîõðàíåííîé ïîäïèñüþ, äàæå åñëè ôîðìàò ïîòîêà ïðàâèëüíûé.</P>\r
-\r
-<H4><a name="general_options">Îñíîâíûå êëþ÷è</A></H4>\r
-<TABLE border=1>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD width=25%><TT>-d</TT></TD>\r
-<TD width=75%>Äåêîäèðîâàíèå (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ <B><TT>flac</TT></B> êîäèðóåò). <B><TT>flac</TT></B> çàâåðøèò ðàáîòó ñ êîäîì âûõîäà <TT>1</TT>, åñëè áóäåò âñòðå÷åíà îøèáêà èëè êîíòðîëüíàÿ ñóììà MD5 äåêîäèðîâàííîãî ïîòîêà íå ñîâïàäåò ñ ñîõðàíåííîé. Åñëè îøèáîê íå áóäåò, êîä âîçâðàòà áóäåò ðàâåí <TT>0</TT>.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-t</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Òåñòèðîâàíèå (òî æå ñàìîå, ÷òî è äåêîäèðîâàíèå, òîëüêî âûõîä íå çàïèñûâàåòñÿ â ôàéë). Êîäû âîçâðàòà òå æå.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-a</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Àíàëèç (òî æå ñàìîå, ÷òî è äåêîäèðîâàíèå, òîëüêî âûõîäîì ÿâëÿåòñÿ ôàéë ñòàòèñòèêè). Êîäû âîçâðàòà òå æå. Ðåæèì ïðåäíàçíà÷åí â îñíîâíîì äëÿ ðàçðàáîò÷èêîâ.  âûõîäíîé òåêñòîâûé ôàéë çàïèñûâàåòñÿ èíôîðìàöèÿ î êàæäîì ôðåéìå è ïîäôðåéìå.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-c</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Íàïðàâèòü ðåçóëüòàò â ñòàíäàðòíûé âûâîä (stdout).</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-s</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Íå ïîêàçûâàòü ñòàòèñòèêó ïðè êîäèðîâàíèè/äåêîäèðîâàíèè.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-o ôàéë</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>ßâíî óêàçàòü èìÿ âûõîäíîãî ôàéëà, ïî óìîë÷àíèþ <B><TT>flac</TT></B> ïðîñòî çàìåíÿåò ñóôôèêñ.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>--output-prefix ñòðîêà</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Äîáàâëÿåò ïðåôèêñ ê êàæäîìó èìåíè âûõîäíîìó ôàéëó. Ìîæåò èìñïîëüçîâàòüñÿ äëÿ êîäèðîâàíèÿ/äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ ôàéëîâ â äðóãîé êàòàëîã. Åñëè óêàçàííàÿ ñòðîêà ÿâëÿåòñÿ ÷àñòüþ ïóòè, óáåäèòåñü, ÷òî îíà çàêàí÷èâàåòñÿ ñëýøåì '/'.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>--delete-input-file</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Ïîñëå óñïåøíîãî îêîí÷àíèÿ êîäèðîâàíèÿ/äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ âõîäíîé ôàéë áóäåò óäàëåí. Åñëè ïðîèçîéäåò îøèáêà, èñõîäíûé ôàéë îñòàíåòñÿ.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>--skip #</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Ïðîïóñòèòü ïåðâûå <TT>#</TT> ñýìïëîâ âõîäíîãî ôàéëà. Ðàáîòàåò äëÿ êîäèðîâàíèÿ è äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ, íî íå äëÿ òåñòèðîâàíèÿ.</TD></TR>\r
-</TABLE>\r
-\r
-\r
-<H4><a name="analysis_options">Îïöèè àíàëèçà</H4>\r
-<TABLE border=1>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD width=15%><TT>--a-rtext</TT></TD>\r
-<TD width=85%>Äîáàâëÿåò â ôàéë îñòàòî÷íûé ñèãíàë. Ðåçóëüòèðóþùèé ôàéë ïîëó÷àåòñÿ <B>î÷åíü áîëüøèì</B>.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD width=10%><TT>--a-rgp</TT></TD>\r
-<TD width=90%>Ñîçäàåò ôàéëû-äèàãðàììû äëÿ êàæäîãî ïîäôðåéìà.  êàæäîì ôàéëå áóäåò îñòàòî÷íîå ðàñïðåäåëåíèå äëÿ ïîäôðåéìà. Áóäåò ñîçäàíî <B>î÷åíü ìíîãî</B> ôàéëîâ.</TD></TR>\r
-</TABLE>\r
-\r
-\r
-<H4><a name="encoding_options">Îïöèè êîäèðîâàíèÿ</A></H4>\r
-<TABLE border=1>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD width=15%><TT>--lax</TT></TD>\r
-<TD width=85%>Ïîçâîëÿåò åíêîäåðó ñîçäàâàòü ôàéëû, îòâå÷àþùèå ïîäìíîæåñòâó ôîðìàòà FLAC.  ðåçóëüòàòå ðàáîòû áóäåò ïîëó÷àòüñÿ íåïîòîêîâûé ôàéë, ïîýòîìó ýòîò êëþ÷ ñëåäóåò èñïîëüçîâàòü òîëüêî äëÿ àðõèâèðîâàíèÿ. Äåêîäåð áóäåò ïîääåðæèâàòü âîñïðîèçâåäåíèå è ïîèñê â òàêèõ ôàéëàõ.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>--sector-align</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>\r
-<P>Ïðè êîäèðîâàíèè íåñêîëüêèõ WAVE ôàéëîâ ôîðìàòà CD-Audio âûðàâíèâàòü èõ íà ãðàíèöó ñåêòîðà. Ýòà îïöèÿ ïðèìåíèìà òîëüêî äëÿ êîäèðîâàíèÿ íåñêîëüêèõ WAVE ôàéëîâ, êàæäûé èç êîòîðûõ äîëæåí èìåòü ÷àñòîòó äèñêðåòèçàöèè 44.1 êÃö è äâà êàíàëà. Åñëè áóäåò óêàçàíà ýòà îïöèÿ åíêîäåð âûðîâíÿåò ïîòîêè .flac òàê,\r
-÷òî èõ äëèíû áóäóò êðàòíû ðàçìåðó ñåêòîðà CD-Audio (ðàâíû 1/75 ñåêóíäàì èëè 588 ñýìïëàì). Ýòî îñóùåñòâëÿåòñÿ ïåðåíîñîì ÷àñòè ñåêòîðà â êîíöå êàæäîãî WAVE ôàéëà â íà÷àëî ñëåäóþùåãî. Ïîñëåäíèé ïîòîê áóäåò äîïîëíåí äî ãðàíèöû âûðàâíèâàíèÿ íóëÿìè.</P>\r
-<P>Èñïîëüçîâàíèå ýòîé îïöèè íå ïðèâåäåò íè ê ÷åìó, åñëè ôàéëû óæå âûðîâíåíû (íàïðèìåð, åñëè ïðàâèëüíî ñêîïèðîâàíû ñ àóäèî-CD). <TT><B>flac</B></TT> ìîæåò âûðîâíÿòü òîëüêî íåñêîëüêî ôàéëîâ çà îäèí âûçîâ.</P>\r
-\r
-<P><B>ÂÍÈÌÀÍÈÅ</B>: Ïîðÿäîê ôàéëîâ èìååò çíà÷åíèå! Åñëè âû ñäåëàåòå ñëåäóþùèé âûçîâ '<TT>flac --sector-align *.wav</TT>', êîìàíäíûé ïðîöåññîð ìîæåò îáðàáîòàòü øàáëîí íå â òîì ïîðÿäêå, â êàêîì âû ðàññ÷èòûâàåòå. Ïîýòîìó ëó÷øå âñåãî âûçûâàòü ïðîãðàììó, ÿâíî óêàçàâ ñïèñîê ôàéëîâ, íàïðèìåð, '<TT>flac --sector-align 8.wav 9.wav 10.wav</TT>'. \r
-</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-S {#|X|#x}</TT></TD>\r
-<TD width=90%>Äîáàâëÿåò òî÷êè äëÿ ïîèñêà â òàáëèöó <TT>SEEKTABLE</TT>.\r
-\r
-<UL>\r
- <LI><TT># </TT> : ñîçäàåòñÿ òî÷êà ïîèñêà äëÿ ñýìïëà ñ îïðåäåëåííûì íîìåðîì.</LI>\r
- \r
- <LI><TT>X </TT> : ðåçåðâèðóåìûå òî÷êè (âñåãäà ïîìåùàþòñÿ â êîíöå <TT>SEEKTABLE</TT>).</LI>\r
- \r
- <LI><TT>#x</TT> : # ðàâíîìåðíî ðàñïðåäåëåííûõ òî÷åê ïîèñêà, ïåðâàÿ ñîîòâåòñòâóåò 0 ñýìïëó.</LI>\r
-</UL>\r
-\r
-<P>Îïöèþ <TT>-S</TT> ìîæíî èñïîëüçîâàòü íåñêîëüêî ðàç.  ðåçóëüòàòå ïîëó÷èòñÿ îáúåäèíåííàÿ òàáëèöà, â êîòîðîé áóäóò ïðèñóòñòâîâàòü òîëüêî óíèêàëüíûå çíà÷åíèÿ.<BR>\r
-Ïî óìîë÷àíèþ <B><TT>flac</TT></B> èñïîëüçóåò <TT>-S 100x</TT>. Åñëè òàáëèöà ïîèñêà íå íóæíà, óêàæèòå <TT>-S-</TT>.<BR>\r
-<B>ÏÐÈÌÅ×ÀÍÈÅ</B>: <TT>-S #x</TT> íå áóäåò ðàáîòàòü, åñëè åíêîäåð íå ñìîæåò îïðåäåëèòü ðàçìåð âõîäíîãî ôàéëà â íà÷àëå ðàáîòû.<BR>\r
-<B>ÏÐÈÌÅ×ÀÍÈÅ</B>: åñëè <I>#</I> áîëüøå èëè ðàâåí êîëè÷åñòâó ñýìïëîâ âî âõîäíîì ôàéëå, òî òî÷êè äîáàâëåíû íå áóäóò, åñëè ðàçìåð ìîæíî îïðåäåëèòü äî êîäèðîâàíèÿ, â ïðîòèâíîì ñëó÷àå áóäóò çàïèñàíû ðåçåðâèðóåìûå òî÷êè.</P>\r
-</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-P #</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Eíêîäåð çàïèøåò áëîê ìåòàäàííûõ <TT>PADDING</TT>, óêàçàííîãî ðàçìåðà (â áàéòàõ), ïîñëå áëîêà <TT>STREAMINFO</TT>. <TT>-P 0</TT> óêàçûâàåò, ÷òî áëîê <TT>PADDING</TT> íå íóæåí (çíà÷åíèå ïî óìîë÷àíèþ). Ýòîò áëîê ïîëåçåí, åñëè âû ñîáèðàåòåñü äîáàâèòü òýã â ôàéë ïîçæå. Âìåñòî òîãî, ÷òîáû ïåðåïèñûâàòü ôàéë ïîëíîñòüþ, ìîæíî áóäåò çàïèñàòü èíôîðìàöèþ âìåñòî áëîêà <TT>PADDING</TT>.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-b #</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Óñòàíàâëèâàåò ðàçìåð áëîêà â ñýìïëàõ. Ïî óìîë÷àíèþ <TT>1152</TT> äëÿ <TT>-l 0</TT>, èíà÷å <TT>4608</TT>. Ñòàíäàðòíûå ïîòîêè äîëæíû èñïîëüçîâàòü îäíî èç óêàçàíûõ çíà÷åíèé: <TT>192/576/1152/2304/4608/256/512/1024/2048/4096/8192/16384/32768</TT>. Ñåé÷àñ åíêîäåð èñïîëüçóåò ïîñòîÿííûé ðàçìåð áëîêà äëÿ âñåãî ôàéëà.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-m</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Âêëþ÷àåò ðàçíîñòíîå êîäèðîâàíèå (òîëüêî äëÿ ñòåðåî ïîòîêîâ). Îáû÷íî óâåëè÷èâàåò óðîâåíü ñæàòèÿ íà íåñêîëüêî ïðîöåíòîâ. Äëÿ êàæäîãî áëîêà ñîçäàåòñÿ óñðåäíåííàÿ è ñòåðåî âåðñèÿ áëîêà, ñîõðàíÿåòñÿ áëîê ìåíüøåãî ðàçìåðà. Ñåé÷àñ ðàçíîñòíîå êîäèðîâàíèå äîñòóïíî äëÿ ôàéëîâ, ãäå ñýìïë èìååò ðàçìåð íå áîëüøå 16 áèò.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-M</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Âêëþ÷àåò ñâîáîäíîå ðàçíîñòíîå êîäèðîâàíèå (òîëüêî äëÿ ñòåðåî ïîòîêîâ). Ðàáîòàåò àíàëîãè÷íî <TT>-m</TT>, îäíàêî åíêîäåð ïåðåêëþ÷àåòñÿ ìåæäó íåçàâèñèìûì è óñðåäíÿþùèì êîäèðîâàíèåì àäàïòèâíî. Ìåòîä ðàáîòàåò áûñòðåå, íî óðîâåíü ñæàòèÿ ìåíüøå, òàê êàê <TT>-m</TT> ïðîèçâîäèò ïîëíûé ïåðåáîð âàðèàíòîâ.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-0..-9</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Áûñòðåéøåå ñæàòèå ... ìàêñèìàëüíîå ñæàòèå. Ïî óìîë÷àíèþ <TT>-5</TT>.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-0</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Àíàëîãè÷íî <TT>-l 0 -b 1152 -r 2,2</TT>.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-1</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Àíàëîãè÷íî <TT>-l 0 -b 1152 -r 2,2 -M</TT>.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-2</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Àíàëîãè÷íî <TT>-l 0 -b 1152 -r 3 -m</TT>.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-3</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Àíàëîãè÷íî <TT>-l 6 -b 4608 -r 3,3</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-4</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Àíàëîãè÷íî <TT>-l 8 -b 4608 -r 3,3 -M</TT>.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-5</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Àíàëîãè÷íî <TT>-l 8 -b 4608 -r 3,3 -m</TT>.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-6</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Àíàëîãè÷íî <TT>-l 8 -b 4608 -r 4 -m</TT>.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-7</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Àíàëîãè÷íî <TT>-l 8 -b 4608 -r 6 -m -e</TT>.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-8</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Àíàëîãè÷íî <TT>-l 12 -b 4608 -r 6 -m -e</TT>.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-9</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Àíàëîãè÷íî <TT>-l 32 -b 4608 -r 16 -m -e -E -p</TT>. Ðàáîòàåò î÷åíü ìåäëåííî, íî äîñòèãàåòñÿ ìàêñèìàëüíûé óðîâåíü ñæàòèÿ äëÿ äàííîãî ðàçìåðà áëîêà.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-e</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Ïîëíûé ïîèñê ìîäåëè (ðàáîòàåò ìåäëåííî!). Îáû÷íî åíêîäåð îïðåäåëÿåò ëó÷øóþ ìîäåëü è êîäèðóåò äàëåå îïèðàÿñü íà íåå.  äàííîì ðåæèìå åíêîäåð áóäåò ñîçäàâàòü ïîäôðåéìû âñåõ ïîðÿäêîâ è èñïîëüçîâàòü íàèìåíüøèé. Åñëè ìàêñèìàëüíîå çíà÷åíèå ïîðÿäêà LPC âåëèêî, âðåìÿ êîäèðîâàíèÿ ñóùåñòâåííî âîçðàñòåò. Âûèãðûø îáû÷íî ñîñòàâëÿåò îêîëî 0.5%.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-E</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Èñïîëüçîâàòü óïðàâëÿþùèå êîäû â êîäåðå ýíòðîïèè. Ýòà îïöèÿ ïîçâîëÿåò çàïèñûâàòü íåçàêîäèðîâàííîå ïðåäñòàâëåíèå îñòàòêà â ðàçäåëå, åñëè åãî ðàçìåð ìåíüøå. Ïðè ýòîì âðåìÿ ðàáîòû óâåëè÷èâàåòñÿ, à óðîâåíü ñæàòèÿ îáû÷íî óëó÷øàåòñÿ ïðèìåðíî íà 1%.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-l #</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Îïðåäåëÿåò ìàêñèìàëüíûé ïîðÿäîê LPC (êîýôôèöèåíòîâ ëèíåéíîãî ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèÿ). ×èñëî äîëæíî áûòü ìåíüøå èëè ðàâíî <TT>32</TT>. Åñëè çíà÷åíèå ðàâíî <TT>0</TT>, åíêîäåð áóäåò èñïîëüçîâàòü âìåñòî îáùåãî ëèíåéíîãî ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèÿ ïîñòîÿííûå êîýôôèöèåíòû. Ýòîò ìåòîä óâåëè÷èâàåò ñêîðîñòü ðàáîòû, íî ôàéëû ïîëó÷àþòñÿ íà 5-10% áîëüøå.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-q #</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Îïðåäåëÿåò òî÷íîñòü äèñêðåòíûõ êîýôôèöèåíòîâ ëèíåéíîãî ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèÿ â áèòàõ. Ïî óìîë÷àíèþ <TT>-q 0</TT>, ÷òî ïîçâîëÿåò åíêîäåðó ïðèíèìàòü ðåøåíèå â çàâèñèìîñòè îò ñèãíàëà. Ëó÷øå îñòàâëÿòü çíà÷åíèå ïî óìîë÷àíèþ.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-p</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Ïðîèçâîäèòü îïòèìèçàöèþ LPC. Ïåðåîïðåäåëÿåò ëþáóþ îïöèþ <TT>-q</TT>. Ñèëüíî çàìåäëÿåò ðàáîòó, è óìåíüøàåò ðàçìåð ôàéëà íà äîëþ ïðîöåíòà. <TT>-q</TT> íå ðàáîòàåò, êîãäà èñïîëüçóåòñÿ <TT>-l 0</TT>.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-r [#,]#</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Óñòàíîâèòü <I>[min,]max</I> ïîðÿäîê ðàçäåëà. Åñëè ìèíèìàëüíîå çíà÷åíèå íå óêàçàíî, òî îíî óñòàíàâëèâàåòñÿ ðàâíûì 0. Ïî óìîë÷àíèþ åíêîäåð îäèí ïàðàìåòð Ðàéñà äëÿ âñåãî îñòàòêà ïîäôðåéìà. Åñëè èñïîëüçîâàòü ýòó îïöèþ, îñòàòîê áóäåò ðàçäåëÿòüñÿ íà <I>2^min#</I> ... <I>2^max</I> ÷àñòåé, äëÿ êàæäîé èç êîòîðûõ áóäåò îïðåäåëåí ñîáñòâåííûé ïàðàìåòð Ðàéñà. Ñ óâåëè÷åíèåì ïàðàìåòðà <I>max</I> âûèãðûø áóäåò âñå ìåíüøå. Íàèáîëåå îïòèìàëüíûé âàðèàíò äîñòèãàåòñÿ ïðè èñïîëüçîâàíèè <TT>-r 2,2</TT> (è áîëüøèõ çíà÷åíèé äëÿ áîëüøèõ ðàçìåðîâ áëîêîâ). Ïðè ýòîì ñæàòèå îáû÷íî óâåëè÷èâàåòñÿ íà 1.5%. Âûáîð îïòèìàëüíîãî çíà÷åíèÿ ìîæíî ïðîèçâåñòè ïî ôîðìóëå <TT>ðàçìåð_áëîêà/(2^n)=128</TT>. Ìàêñèìàëüíûé óðîâåíü ñæàòèÿ äîñòèãàåòñÿ ïðè èñïîëüçîâàíèè <TT>-r 0,16</TT>.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-R #</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Óñòàíîâèòü ïðåäåëû ïîèñêà ïàðàìåòðà Ðàéñà. Ïî óìîë÷àíèþ 0. Êîäåð îñòàòêîâ áóäåò èñêàòü íàèëó÷øèé ïàðàìåòð Ðàéñà â óêàçàííîì ïðåäåëå äëÿ êàæäîãî ðàçäåëà îñòàòêîâ. Èñïîëüçîâàíèå ýòîé îïöèè íå äàåò áîëüøîãî âûèãðûøà, íî ñèëüíî çàìåäëÿåò ðàáîòó.  ðåçóëüòàòå, îïöèè <TT>-0</TT> ... <TT>-9</TT> íå èñïîëüçóþò åå.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-V</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Ïðîâåðÿòü ïðîöåññ ñæàòèÿ.  äàííîì ñëó÷àå <B><TT>flac</TT></B> ñîçäàåò ïàðàëëåëüíûé äåêîäåð, ðàñêîäèðóþùèé âûõîä åíêîäåðà è ñðàâíèâàåò ðåçóëüòàò ñ îðèãèíàëîì. Åñëè áóäåò íàéäåíî íåñîîòâåòñòâèå, êîäèðîâàíèå ïðåêðàòèòñÿ. Âðåìÿ ðàáîòû ñ ýòîé îïöèåé óâåëè÷èâàåòñÿ, îäíàêî, ïðè ýòîì ãàðàíòèðóåòñÿ, ÷òî ôàéë áóäåò ïðàâèëüíî äåêîäèðîâàí.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD> </TD>\r
-<TD><TT>-S-</TT>, <TT>-m-</TT>, <TT>-V-</TT>, <TT>-e-</TT>, <TT>-E-</TT>, <TT>-p-</TT>, <TT>--lax-</TT>, <TT>--delete-input-file-</TT>, <TT>--sector-align</TT> èñïîëüçóþòñÿ äëÿ îòêëþ÷åíèÿ ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèõ îïöèé.</TD></TR>\r
-</TABLE>\r
-\r
-\r
-<H4>Íàñòðîéêè ôîðìàòà</H4>\r
-<TABLE border=1>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD width=15%><TT>-fb | -fl</TT></TD>\r
-<TD width=90%>Îïðåäåëÿåò ïîðÿäîê áàéòîâ â ôàéëå áåç çàãîëîâêà big-endian | little-endian.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-fc n</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Îïðåäåëÿåò êîëè÷åñòâî êàíàëîâ â ôàéëå áåç çàãîëîâêà.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-fp n</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Îïðåäåëÿåò êîëè÷åñòâî áèò íà ñýìïë â ôàéëå áåç çàãîëîâêà.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-fs n</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Îïðåäåëÿåò êîëè÷åñòâî ñýìïëîâ â ñåêóíäó â ôàéëå áåç çàãîëîâêà.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-fu</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Óêàçûâàåò, ÷òî ñýìïëû â ôàéëå áåç çàãîëîâêà áåççíàêîâûå (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ çíàêîâûå).</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-fr</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Âîñïðèíèìàòü âõîäíîé (èëè âûõîäíîé ïðè äåêîäèðîâàíèè) ôàéë êàê raw ïîòîê ñýìïëîâ âíå çàâèñèìîñòè îò ñóôôèêñà.</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD><TT>-fw</TT></TD>\r
-<TD>Âîñïðèíèìàòü âõîäíîé (èëè âûõîäíîé ïðè äåêîäèðîâàíèè) ôàéë êàê RIFF WAVE âíå çàâèñèìîñòè îò ñóôôèêñà.</TD></TR>\r
-</TABLE>\r
-\r
-\r
-<A NAME="metaflac">\r
-<H3><B><TT>metaflac</TT></B></H3>\r
-\r
-<P><B><TT>metaflac</TT></B> - ýòî ðåäàêòîð ìåòàäàííûõ, ðàáîòàþùèé èç êîìàíäíîé ñòðîêè. Ñåé÷àñ îí òîëüêî âûâîäèò ñîäåðæèìîå áëîêîâ ìåòàäàííûõ âî .flac ôàéëå, íî ñêîðî ñ åãî ïîìîùüþ ìîæíî áóäåò âñòàâëÿòü, óäàëÿòü è ðåäàêòèðîâàòü áëîêè.</P>\r
-\r
-<P>Cåé÷àñ <B><TT>metaflac</TT></B> âûçûâàåòñÿ òîëüêî îäíèì ñïîñîáîì:</P>\r
-\r
-<P><TT>metaflac [-v] âõîäíîé_ôàéë</TT></P>\r
-\r
-<P>Âõîäíûì_ôàéëîì ìîæåò áûòü "-" äëÿ ñòàíäàðòíîãî ââîäà (stdin). åñëè èñïîëüçîâàòü <TT>-v</TT>, áóäåò ïîëó÷åí áîëåå ïîäðîáíûé îò÷åò.</P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<A NAME="plugins"><A NAME="xmms_plugin">\r
-<H3>Ïëàãèí äëÿ XMMS</H3>\r
-\r
-<P>Äëÿ åãî óñòàíîâêè íåîáõîäèìî ñêîïèðîâàòü <TT>libxmms-flac.so</TT> â êàòàëîã, ãäå íàõîäÿòñÿ ïëàãèíû ââîäà XMMS (îáû÷íî <TT>/usr/lib/xmms/Input</TT>). Áîëüøå íè÷åãî íàñòðàèâàòü íå íàäî. Äëÿ âîñïðîèçâåäåíèÿ .flac ôàéëîâ ïåðåçàïóñòèòå XMMS.</P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<A NAME="winamp_plugin">\r
-<H3>Ïëàãèí äëÿ Winamp</H3>\r
-\r
-<P>Äëÿ åãî óñòàíîâêè íåîáõîäèìî ñêîïèðîâàòü <TT>in_flac.dll</TT> â êàòàëîã, ãäå íàõîäÿòñÿ ïëàãèíû ââîäà Winamp (îáû÷íî <TT>/Plugins</TT>). Áîëüøå íè÷åãî íàñòðàèâàòü íå íàäî. Äëÿ âîñïðîèçâåäåíèÿ .flac ôàéëîâ ïåðåçàïóñòèòå Winamp.</P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<A NAME="libflac">\r
-<H3><B><TT>libFLAC</TT></B></H3>\r
-\r
-<P>Áèáëèîòåêà <B><TT>libFLAC</TT></B> ÿâëÿåòñÿ ðåàëèçàöèåé íà C áàçîâîãî åíêîäåðà è äåêîäåðà. Èñïîëüçóÿ ýòó áèáëèîòåêó è íàïèñàâ íåìíîãî êîäà, ìîæíî äîáàâèòü ïîääåðæêó FLAC â ñâîþ ïðîãðàììó. Óñëîâèÿ ðàñïðîñòðàíåíèÿ - <A HREF="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lesser.html">LGPL</A>. Èñõîäíûå êîäû áèáëèîòåêè <B><TT>libFLAC</TT></B>, òàêæå êàê è êîíñîëüíîãî êîäåêà è ïëàãèíîâ äîñòóïíû, è ìîãóò ïîñëóæèòü õîðîøèì ïðèìåðîì äëÿ èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ.</P>\r
-\r
-<P><B><TT>libFLAC</TT></B> òðåáóåò ñòàíäàðòíóþ è ìàòåìàòè÷åñêóþ áèáëèîòåêè äëÿ ÿçûêà C. Ïîòîêè íå èñïîëüçóþòñÿ, îäíàêî, òàê êàê <B><TT>libFLAC</TT></B> íå èñïîëüçóåò ãëîáàëüíûå ïåðåìåííûå, áèáëèîòåêà äîëæíà áûòü thread-safe.</P>\r
-\r
-<P>Èíòåðôåéñ <B><TT>libFLAC</TT></B> îïèñàí â ïóáëè÷íûõ çàãîëîâî÷íûõ ôàéëàõ â êàòàëîãå include/FLAC. Äëÿ èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ ñêîìïèëèðîâàííîé áèáëèîòåêè íóæíû òîëüêî ïóáëè÷íûå çàãîëîâêè. Îáðàòèòå âíèìàíèå íà òî, ÷òî êîä èç src/libFLAC/, âêëþ÷àÿ çàùèùåííûå çàãîëîâî÷íûå ôàéëû èç src/libFLAC/include/ íå íóæåí.</P>\r
-\r
-<P>Â îñíîâíîì èñïîëüçîâàíèå <B><TT>libFLAC</TT></B> ñîñòîèò â ñëåäóþùåì:</P>\r
-\r
-<OL>\r
- <LI>Ïðîãðàììà ñîçäàåò ýêçåìïëÿð åíêîäåðà èëè äåêîäåðà ñ ïîìîùüþ ôóíêöèé <TT>*_new()</TT>.</LI>\r
- \r
- <LI>Ïðîãðàììà óñòàíàâëèâàåò ïàðàìåòðû ýêçåìïëÿðà è ïðåäîñòàâëÿåò åìó îáðàòíûå âûçîâû äëÿ ÷òåíèÿ, çàïèñè, ñîîáùåíèÿ îá îøèáêàõ è ðàáîòû ñ ìåòàäàííûìè ñ ïîìîùüþ ôóíêöèé <TT>*_set_*()</TT>.</LI>\r
- \r
- <LI>Ïðîãðàììà èíèöèàëèçèðóåò ýêçåìïëÿð, ïðîâåðÿåò ïàðàìåòðû è ãîòîâèòñÿ ê êîäèðîâàíèþ/äåêîäèðîâàíèþ, èñïîëüçóÿ ôóíêöèè <TT>*_init()</TT>.</LI>\r
- \r
- <LI>Ïðîãðàììà âûçûâàåò ôóíêöèè <TT>*_process_*()</TT> äëÿ êîäèðîâàíèÿ èëè äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ äàííûõ, êîòîðûå â ñâîþ î÷åðåäü äåëàþò îáðàòíûå âûçîâû.</LI>\r
- \r
- <LI>Ïðîãðàììà çàâåðøàåò ðàáîòó ýêçåìïëÿðà ôóíêöèåé <TT>*_finish()</TT>, êîòîðàÿ ñáðàñûâàåò áóôåðû ââîäà è âûâîäà.</LI>\r
- \r
- <LI>Ýêçåìïëÿð ìîæåò áûòü èñïîëüçîâàí ñíîâà ëèáî óäàëåí ôóíêöèåé <TT>*_delete()</TT>.</LI>\r
-\r
-</OL>\r
-\r
-<P>Äëÿ äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ <B><TT>libFLAC</TT></B> ïðåäîñòàâëÿåò äâà óðîâíÿ äîñòóïà. Íà íèæíåì óðîâíå íàõîäèòñÿ äåêîäåð ïîòîêîâ, à íà âåðõíåì - ôàéëîâ (ÿâëÿþùèéñÿ â ñâîþ î÷åðåäü îáîëî÷êîé äëÿ ïîòîêîâîãî äåêîäåðà). Èíòåðôåéñû îïèñàíû â ôàéëàõ <TT>stream_decoder.h</TT> è <TT>file_decoder.h</TT> ñîîòâåòñòâåííî. Ôàéëîâûé äåêîäåð ñàì îñóùåñòâëÿåò îáðàòíûå âûçîâû äëÿ ÷òåíèÿ è ïðåäîñòàâëÿåò ôóíêöèè ïîèñêà. Åíêîäåð ïîêà ÷òî ðåàëèçîâàí òîëüêî íà ïîòîêîâîì óðîâíå (<TT>stream_encoder.h</TT>).</P>\r
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-<P>Ñòðóêòóðû è êîíñòàíòû, îòíîñÿùèåñÿ ê ôîðìàòó, îïðåäåëåíû â ôàéëå <TT>format.h</TT>.</P>\r
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-<P><B>ÄÅÊÎÄÅÐ ÏÎÒÎÊÎÂ</B></P>\r
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-<P>Ñíà÷àëà îáñóäèì äåêîäåð ïîòîêîâ. Òèï åãî ýêçåìïëÿðà <TT>FLAC__StreamDecoder</TT>. Îáû÷íî â ïðîãðàììå ýêçåìïëÿð ñîçäàåòñÿ âûçîâîì <TT>FLAC__stream_decoder_new()</TT> è èíèöèàëèçèðóåòñÿ <TT>FLAC__stream_decoder_init()</TT>. Ïðîãðàììà òàêæå ìîæåò ïðåäîñòàâëÿòü óêàçàòåëü client_data íà <TT>FLAC__stream_decoder_init()</TT>, êîòîðûé áóäåò èñïîëüçîâàòüñÿ äëÿ îáðàòíûõ âûçîâîâ.</P>\r
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-<UL>\r
- <LI>Îáðàòíûé âûçîâ äëÿ ÷òåíèÿ. Ýòà ôóíêöèÿ âûçûâàåòñÿ, êîãäà äåêîäåðó íåîáõîäèìû äàííûå.  êà÷åñòâå ïàðàìåòðîâ ïåðåäàåòñÿ àäðåñ áóôåðà, êîòîðûé íóæíî çàïîëíèòü, è åãî ðàçìåð â áàéòàõ. Îáðàòíûé âûçîâ ìîæåò âåðíóòü ìåíüøå äàííûõ è èçìåíèòü ñ÷åò÷èê áàéòîâ, íî íå äîëæåí ïåðåïîëíÿòü áóôåð. Êîä âîçâðàòà ïðè âûõîäå âûáèðàåòñÿ èç <TT>FLAC__StreamDecoderReadStatus</TT>.</LI>\r
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- <LI>Îáðàòíûé âûçîâ äëÿ çàïèñè. Ýòà ôóíêöèÿ âûçûâàåòñÿ ïîñëå äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ îäíîãî ôðåéìà äàííûõ. Äåêîäåð ïåðåäàñò ìåòàäàííûå ôðåéìà, à òàêæå ìàññèâ óêàçàòåëåé (ïî îäíîìó íà êàæäûé êàíàë) íà äåêîäèðîâàííûå äàííûå.</LI>\r
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- <LI>Îáðàòíûé âûçîâ äëÿ ðàáîòû ñ ìåòàäàííûìè. Ôóíêöèÿ âûçûâàåòñÿ ïîñëå ðàçáîðà áëîêà ìåòàäàííûõ. Äëÿ ïîòîêà âñåãäà äîëæåí ñóùåñòâîâàòü áëîê ìåòàäàííûõ <TT>STREAMINFO</TT>, çà êîòîðûì ìîæåò ñëåäîâàòü ïðîèçâîëüíîå êîëè÷åñòâî äðóãèõ áëîêîâ. Îíè áóäóò âîçâðàùåíû äåêîäåðîì â òîì æå ïîðÿäêå, â êàêîì îíè ðàñïîëîæåíû â ïîòîêå è âñåãäà ïåðåä ïåðâûì àóäèî ôðåéìîì.</LI>\r
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- <LI>Îáðàòíûé âûçîâ äëÿ ñîîáùåíèÿ îá îøèáêå. Ýòà ôóíêöèÿ âûçûâàåòñÿ, åñëè ïðè äåêîäèðîâàíèè ïðîèñõîäèò îøèáêà.</LI>\r
-</UL>\r
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-<P>Êîãäà äåêîäåð èíèöèàëèçèðîâàí, ïðîãðàììà ìîæåò âûçâàòü îäíó èç ñëåäóþùèõ ôóíêöèé äëÿ äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ:</P>\r
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-<UL>\r
- <LI><B><TT>FLAC__stream_decoder_process_whole_stream()</TT></B> - Äåêîäåð íà÷èíàåò ðàáîòó è ïðîäîëæàåò îáðàáàòûâàòü ïîòîê ïîêà ôóíêöèÿ îáðàòíîãî âûçîâà ÷òåíèÿ íå ïåðåäàñò êîä <TT>FLAC__STREAM_DECODER_READ_END_OF_STREAM</TT> èëè <TT>FLAC__STREAM_DECODER_READ_ABORT</TT>.</LI>\r
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- <LI><B><TT>FLAC__stream_decoder_process_metadata()</TT></B> - Äåêîäåð îáðàáàòûâàåò ïîòîê äî ïåðâîãî àóäèî ôðåéìà.</LI>\r
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- <LI><B><TT>FLAC__stream_decoder_process_one_frame()</TT></B> - Äåêîäåðîâàòü òîëüêî îäèí ôðåéì. Ïåðåä âûçîâîì ýòîé ôóíêöèè âñå ìåòàäàííûå äîëæíû áûòü îáðàáîòàíû.</LI>\r
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- <LI><B><TT>FLAC__stream_decoder_process_remaining_frames()</TT></B> - Äåêîäèðîâàòü âñå îñòàâøèåñÿ ôðåéìû. Ïåðåä âûçîâîì ýòîé ôóíêöèè âñå ìåòàäàííûå äîëæíû áûòü îáðàáîòàíû. Ïåðåä âûçîâîì ýòîé ôóíöèè òàêæå ìîæåò âûçûâàòüñÿ <TT>FLAC__stream_decoder_process_one_frame()</TT>.</LI>\r
-</UL>\r
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-<P>Êîãäà äåêîäåð çàêàí÷èâàåò ðàáîòó, ýêçåìïëÿð îáðàáàòûâàåòñÿ ôóíêöèåé <TT>FLAC__stream_decoder_finish()</TT>, êîòîðàÿ ïðîâåðÿåò ñîñòîÿíèå äåêîäåðà è îñâîáîæäàåò ïàìÿòü. Çàòåì ýêçåìïëÿð ìîæåò áûòü óäàëåí ôóíêöèåé <TT>FLAC__stream_decoder_delete()</TT> èëè èíèöèàëèçèðîâàí çàíîâî äëÿ äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ äðóãîãî ïîòîêà.</P>\r
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-<P>Îáðàòèòå âíèìàíèå íà òî, ÷òî ïîòîêîâûé äåêîäåð íå èìååò ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ î ïîçèöèè â ïîòîêå, îí òîëüêî ïðåîáðàçîâûâàåò äàííûå. ×òîáû îñóùåñòâëÿòü ïîèñê â ïîòîêå ôóíêöèè îáðàòíîãî âûçîâà ìîãóò òîëüêî ñáðàñûâàòü äàííûå äåêîäåðà ôóíêöèåé <TT>FLAC__stream_decoder_flush()</TT> è íà÷èíàòü ïîäàâàòü äàííûå ñ íîâîé ïîçèöèè ñ ïîìîùüþ îáðàòíîãî âûçîâà äëÿ ÷òåíèÿ. Äåêîäåð ôàéëîâ ïîñòóïàåò èìåííî òàê.</P>\r
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-<P><B>ÄÅÊÎÄÅÐ ÔÀÉËÎÂ</B></P>\r
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-<P>Äåêîäåð ôàéëîâ - ýòî îáîëî÷êà äåêîäåðà ïîòîêîâ, ïðèçâàííàÿ óïðîñòèòü ïðîöåññ äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ ôàéëîâ. Òèï åãî ýêçåìïëÿðà - <TT>FLAC__FileDecoder</TT>. Îòëè÷èå îò ïîòîêîâîãî äåêîäåðà ñîñòîèò â òîì, ÷òî âìåñòî îáðàòíîãî âûçîâà äëÿ ÷òåíèÿ (êîòîðûé îáðàáàòûâàåò ñàì äåêîäåð) ïðè èíèöèàëèçàöèè óêàçûâàåòñÿ ïóòü ê ôàéëó. Îñòàëüíûå ôóíêöèè àíàëîãè÷íû ýêâèâàëåíòàì â äåêîäåðå ïîòîêîâ.</P>\r
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-<P>Òàê êàê äåêîäåð ôàéëîâ ñàì óïðàâëÿåò âõîäíûìè äàííûìè, îí ìîæåò ïðåäîñòàâèòü è ïîèñê. Îí îñóùåñòâëÿåòñÿ ìåòîäîì <TT>FLAC__file_decoder_seek_absolute()</TT>.  ëþáîé ìîìåíò ïîñëå èíèöèàëèçàöèè äåêîäåðà ôàéëîâ ïðîãðàììà ìîæåò âûçâàòü ýòó ôóíêöèþ äëÿ ïîèñêà ñýìïëà â ôàéëå. Âïîñëåäñòâèè, ïðè ïåðâîì îáðàòíîì âûçîâå äëÿ çàïèñè îí áóäåò ñîäåðæàòü (âîçæîæíî íåïîëíûé) áëîê, íà÷èíàþùèéñÿ ñ ýòîãî ñýìïëà.</P>\r
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-<P>Äåêîäåð ôàéëîâ òàêæå ïðåäîñòàâëÿåò ïðîâåðêó ïîäïèñè MD5. Åñëè ýòà âîçìîæíîñòü áóäåò âêëþ÷åíà ïåðåä èíèöèàëèçàöèåé, <TT>FLAC__file_decoder_finish()</TT> ñîîáùèò, åñëè ïîäïèñü MD5 ðàñïàêîâàííûõ äàííûõ íå ñîâïàäåò ñ ñîõðàíåííîé â áëîêå STREAMINFO. Ïðîâåðêà MD5 àâòîìàòè÷åñêè âûêëþ÷àåòñÿ, åñëè â áëîêå STREAMINFO íåò ïîäïèñè èëè ïðè ïîïûòêå îñóùåñòâëåíèÿ ïîèñêà.\r
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-<P><B>ÅÍÊÎÄÅÐ ÏÎÒÎÊÎÂ</B></P>\r
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-<P>Åíêîäåð ïîòîêîâ ðàáîòàåò àíàëîãè÷íî äåêîäåðó, îäíàêî èìååò ìåíüøå îáðàòíûõ âûçîâîâ è áîëüøå îïöèé. Òèï ýêçåìïëÿðà - <TT>FLAC__StreamEncoder</TT>. Äëÿ ñîçäàíèÿ íîâîãî ýêçåìïëÿðà â ïðîãðàììå íóæíî âûçâàòü ôóíêöèþ <TT>FLAC__stream_encoder_new()</TT>, à ÷òîáû ïðîèíèöèàëèçèðîâàòü åãî - <TT>FLAC__stream_encoder_init()</TT>.</P>\r
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-<P> îòëè÷èå îò ïðîöåññà äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ êîäèðîâàíèå â ôîðìàò FLAC èìååò ìíîæåñòâî îïöèé, âëèÿþùèõ íà ñêîðîñòü è óðîâåíü ñæàòèÿ. Êîãäà ïðîãðàììà âûçûâàåò <TT>FLAC__stream_encoder_init()</TT>, åíêîäåð ïðîâåðÿåò çíà÷åíèÿ, ïîýòîìó íåîáõîäèìî óáåäèòüñÿ, ÷òî âîçâðàùåìîå ýòîé ôóíêöèåé çíà÷åíèå - <TT>FLAC__STREAM_ENCODER_OK</TT>. Äëÿ óñòàíîâêè ïàðàìåòðîâ íóæíî èìåòü íåêîòîðîå ïðåäñòàâëåíèå î ôîðìàòå (ñì. <A HREF="#format">îïèñàíèå ôîðìàòà äëÿ ïîëüçîâàòåëÿ</A> èëè åãî <A HREF="format.html">ôîðìàëüíîå îïèñàíèå</A>). Ñïèñîê íåîáõîäèìûõ ïàðàìåòðîâ ïðèâåäåí çäåñü:</P>\r
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-<UL>\r
- <LI><B><TT>streamable_subset</TT></B> - <TT>èñòèíà</TT>, åñëè íåîáõîäèìî, ÷òîáû âûõîä ñîîòâåòñòâîâàë ïîòîêîâîìó <A HREF="format.html#subset">ïîäìíîæåñòâó ôîðìàòà</A>, èíà÷å <TT>ëîæü</TT>.</LI>\r
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- <LI><B><TT>do_mid_side_stereo</TT></B> - <TT>èñòèíà</TT>, åñëè íóæíî èñïîëüçîâàòü óñðåäíåííîå êîäèðîâàíèå äëÿ ñòåðåî ïîòîêîâ. Çíà÷åíèå <TT>channels</TT> äîëæíî áûòü <TT>2</TT>.</LI>\r
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- <LI><B><TT>loose_mid_side_stereo</TT></B> - <TT>èñòèíà</TT>, ÷òîáû ïðèìåíèòü àäàïòèâíîå ïåðåêëþ÷åíèå ðåæèìà óñðåäíåííîãî êîäèðîâàíèÿ, èíà÷å ëîæü. <TT>do_mid_side_stereo</TT> äîëæíî áûòü èñòèíà.</LI>\r
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- <LI><B><TT>channels</TT></B> (êîëè÷åñòâî êàíàëîâ) - äîëæíî áûòü <= <TT>FLAC__MAX_CHANNELS</TT>.</LI>\r
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- <LI><B><TT>bits_per_sample</TT></B> - êîëè÷åñòâî áèòîâ íà ñýìïë.</LI>\r
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- <LI><B><TT>sample_rate</TT></B> (÷àñòîòà äèñêðåòèçàöèè) - äîëæíî áûòü <= <TT>FLAC__MAX_SAMPLE_RATE</TT>.</LI>\r
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- <LI><B><TT>blocksize</TT></B> (ðàçìåð áëîêà) - äîëæåí áûòü ìåæäó <TT>FLAC__MIN_BLOCKSIZE</TT> è <TT>FLAC__MAX_BLOCKSIZE</TT>.</LI>\r
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- <LI><B><TT>max_lpc_order</TT></B> (ìàêñèìàëüíûé ïîðÿäîê êîýôôèöèåíòîâ ëèíåéíîãî ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèÿ) - <TT>0</TT> óêàçûâàåò, ÷òî åíêîäåð íå äîëæåí èñïîëüçîâàòü LPC, à òîëüêî ïîñòîÿííûå ïðåäèêòîðû. Äîëæíî áûòü <= <TT>FLAC__MAX_LPC_ORDER</TT>.</LI>\r
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- <LI><B><TT>qlp_coeff_precision</TT></B> - äîëæíî áûòü >= <TT>FLAC__MIN_QLP_COEFF_PRECISION</TT>, èëè <TT>0</TT>, ÷òîáû åíêîäåð ìîã âûáèðàòü êîýôôèöèåíòû â çàâèñèìîñòè îò ðàçìåðà áëîêà. Â òåêóùåé ðåàëèçàöèè ñóììà <TT>qlp_coeff_precision</TT>+<TT>bits_per_sample</TT> äîëæíà áûòü < <TT>32</TT>.</LI>\r
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- <LI><B><TT>do_qlp_coeff_prec_search</TT></B> - <TT>ëîæü</TT>, ÷òîáû èñïîëüçîâàòü çàäàííîå çíà÷åíèå <TT>qlp_coeff_precision</TT>; <TT>èñòèíà</TT> äëÿ ïîèñêà è âûáîðà ëó÷øåãî çíà÷åíèÿ <TT>qlp_coeff_precision</TT>.</LI>\r
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- <LI><B><TT>do_escape_coding</TT></B> - èñòèíà, åñëè íóæíî èñêàòü óïðàâëÿþùèé êîä íà ñòàäèè êîäèðîâàíèÿ ýíòðîïèè äëÿ íåáîëüøîãî óâåëè÷åíèÿ óðîâíÿ ñæàòèÿ.</LI>\r
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- <LI><B><TT>do_exhaustive_model_search</TT></B> (ïðîèçâîäèòü ïîëíûé ïîèñê íàèëó÷øåé ìîäåëè) - <TT>ëîæü</TT>, to use estimated bits per residual for scoring; <TT>èñòèíà</TT> äëÿ ïåðåáîðà âñåõ âîçìîæíûõ âàðèàíòîâ è âûáîðà íàèëó÷øåãî.</LI>\r
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- <LI><B><TT>min_residual_partition_order</TT></B> (ìèíèìàëüíûé ïîðÿäîê ðàçäåëà îñòàòêîâ), <B><TT>max_residual_partition_order</TT></B> (ìàêñèìàëüíûé ïîðÿäîê ðàçäåëà îñòàòêîâ)= <TT>0</TT>, ÷òîáû îöåíèâàòü ïàðàìåòð Ðàéñà îñíîâûâàÿñü íà äèñïåðñèè îñòàòêîâ; > <TT>0</TT> äëÿ ðàçäåëåíèÿ îñòàòêîâ è îïðåäåëåíèÿ ïàðàìåòðà äëÿ êàæäîãî ðàçäåëà, îñíîâûâàÿñü íà ñðåäíåì. <TT>min_residual_partition_order</TT> è <TT>max_residual_partition_order</TT> îïðåäåëÿþò ìèíèìàëüíûé è ìàêñèìàëüíûé ïîðÿäîê ðàçäåëà Ðàéñà.</LI>\r
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- <LI><B><TT>rice_parameter_search_dist</TT></B> (èíòåðâàë äëÿ ïîèñêà ïàðàìåòðà Ðàéñà) - <TT>0</TT>, ÷òîáû èñïîëüçîâàòü òîëüêî âû÷èñëåííûé ïàðàìåòð <TT>k</TT>; èíà÷å ïûòàòüñÿ êîäèðîâàòü ñî âñåìè ïàðàìåòðàìè èç èíòåðâàëà [<TT>k</TT>-<TT>rice_parameter_search_dist</TT>..<TT>k</TT>+<TT>rice_parameter_search_dist</TT>] è âûáèðàòü ëó÷øèé âàðèàíò.</LI>\r
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- <LI><B><TT>total_samples_estimate</TT></B> (êîëè÷åñòâî ñýìïëîâ) - Ìîæåò ðàâíÿòüñÿ <TT>0</TT>, åñëè íåèçâåñòíî. Èíà÷å óêàçûâàåòñÿ êîëè÷åñòâî ñýìïëîâ, êîòîðîå íóæíî çàêîäèðîâàòü. Ýòî ïîçâîëÿåò ñîçäàâàòü áîëåå òî÷íûé áëîê <TT>STREAMINFO</TT> ïðè ïåðâîì æå ïðîõîäå â ñëó÷àå, êîãäà åíêîäåð íå ìîæåò âåðíóòüñÿ ê íà÷àëó âûâîäà, ÷òîáû îáíîâèòü áëîê <TT>STREAMINFO</TT>.</LI>\r
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- <LI><B><TT>seek_table</TT></B> (òàáëèöà äëÿ ïîèñêà) - ñîçäàòü íåîáÿçàòåëüíóþ òàáëèöó äëÿ ïîèñêà â ôàéëå. <TT>NULL</TT> óêàçûâàåò, ÷òî òàáëèöà íå íóæíà.</LI>\r
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- <LI><B><TT>padding</TT></B> (ðåçåðâèðîâàíèå ìåñòà) - ðàçìåð áëîêà <TT>PADDING</TT> (ñëåäóåò çà òàáëèöåé äëÿ ïîèñêà); <TT>0</TT> îçíà÷àåò, ÷òî áëîê <TT>PADDING</TT> äîáàâëÿòü íå íóæíî.</LI>\r
-</UL>\r
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-<P>Ïðîãðàììà äîëæíà ïðåäîñòàâèòü <TT>FLAC__stream_encoder_init()</TT> àäðåñà äëÿ ñëåäóþùèõ îáðàòíûõ âûçîâîâ:</TT>\r
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-<UL>\r
- <LI>Îáðàòíûé âûçîâ äëÿ çàïèñè. Âûçûâàåòñÿ, êîãäà ïîÿâëÿþòñÿ çàêîäèðîâàííûå äàííûå äëÿ çàïèñè. Ýòî ìîãóò áûòü ìåòàäàííûå ñìåøàííûå ñ àóäèî ôðåéìàìè, ïðè÷åì íå ãàðàíòèðóåòñÿ, ÷òî äàííûå áóäóò âûðîâíåíû íà ãðàíèöó áëîêà ìåòàäàííûõ èëè ôðåéìà.</LI>\r
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- <LI>Îáðàòíûé âûçîâ äëÿ ðàáîòû ñ ìåòàäàííûìè. Âûçûâàåòñÿ îäíàæäû ïî çàâåðøåíèè êîäèðîâàíèÿ ñ populated ñòðóêòóðîé <TT>STREAMINFO</TT>. Ýòî íóæíî äëÿ òîãî, ÷òîáû åíêîäåðû ôàéëîâ ìîãëè âåðíóòüñÿ ê íà÷àëó ôàéëà è çàïèñàòü â áëîê <TT>STREAMINFO</TT> êîððåêòíûå äàííûå î êîäèðîâàíèè, íàïðèìåð ìèíèìàëüíûé è ìàêñèìàëüíûé ðàçìåð ôðåéìà.</LI>\r
-</UL>\r
-\r
-<P>Âûçîâ <TT>FLAC__stream_encoder_init()</TT> íåïîñðåäñòâåííî ïðîèçâîäèò îáðàòíûé âûçîâ äëÿ çàïèñè ñèãíàòóðû "fLaC" è âñåõ îïðåäåëåííûõ íà äàííûé ìîìåíò ìåòàäàííûõ.</P>\r
-\r
-<P>Ïîñëå èíèöèàëèçàöèè ýêçåìïëÿðà ïðîãðàììà ìîæåò ïåðåäàâàòü äàííûå åíêîäåðó äâóìÿ ñïîñîáàìè:</P>\r
-\r
-<UL>\r
- <LI>Ðàçäåëåííûìè ïî êàíàëàì ÷åðåç <B><TT>FLAC__stream_encoder_process()</TT></B>.  ýòîì ñëó÷àå íóæíî îïðåäåëèòü ìàññèâ óêàçàòåëåé íà áóôôåðû îäèíàêîâîãî ðàçìåðà, ïî îäíîìó íà êàæäûé êàíàë. Âûðàâíèâàòü ñýìïëû íà ãðàíèöó áëîêà íå íóæíî.</LI>\r
-\r
- <LI> ÷åðåäóþùèõñÿ êàíàëàõ ÷åðåç <B><TT>FLAC__stream_encoder_process_interleaved()</TT></B>. Ïðîãðàììà äîëæíà ïåðåäàòü îäèí óêàçàòåëü íà àóäèî äàííûå ñ ÷åðåäóþùèìèñÿ êàíàëàìè (íàïðèìåð, <TT>êàíàë0_ñýìïë0, êàíàë1_ñýìïë0, ... , êàíàëN_ñýìïë0, êàíàë0_ñýìïë1, ...</TT>). Äàííûå ìîãóò áûòü íå âûðîâíåíû íà ãðàíèöó áëîêà, íî äîëæíû áûòü âûðîâíåíû íà ãðàíèöó ñýìïëà, ò.å. ïåðâûì çíà÷åíèåì äîëæíî áûòü <TT>êàíàë0_ñýìïëX</TT>, à ïîñëåäíèì - <TT>êàíàëN_ñýìïëY</TT>.</LI>\r
-</UL>\r
-\r
-<P>Äëÿ çàâåðøåíèÿ êîäèðîâàíèÿ äàííûõ ïðîãðàììà âûçûâàåò ôóíêöèþ <TT>FLAC__stream_encoder_finish()</TT>, êîòîðàÿ êîäèðóåò îñòàâøèåñÿ äàííûå èç âõîäíîãî ïîòîêà è äåëàåò îáðàòíûé âûçîâ äëÿ ðàáîòû ñ ìåòàäàííûìè ñ êîððåêòíîé ñòàòèñòèêîé î ïðîöåññå êîäèðîâàíèÿ. Ýêçåìïëÿð ìîæåò áûòü óäàëåí ôóíêöèåé <TT>FLAC__stream_encoder_delete()</TT> èëè èíèöèàëèçèðîâàí ñíîâà äëÿ êîäèðîâàíèÿ íîâîãî ïîòîêà.</P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<P><B>ÐÀÇÍÎÅ</B></P>\r
-\r
-<P>Íåîáõîäèìî îòìåòèòü, ÷òî êîãäà ïåðåäàþòñÿ óêàçàòåëè íà àóäèî äàííûå, èõ ïîðÿäîê èìååò çíà÷åíèå òîëüêî äëÿ ñòåðåî ïîòîêîâ. Êàíàë <TT>0</TT> ñîîòâåòñòâóåò ëåâîìó êàíàëó, à <TT>1</TT> - ïðàâîìó.</P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<P><B>ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÅ</B></P>\r
-\r
-<P>Ïðîãðàììû, çàïèñûâàþùèå ñâîè áëîêè ìåòàäàííûõ <TT>APPLICATION</TT>, ìîãóò óêàçàòü åíêîäåðó, ÷òîáû îí çàïèñàë áëîê ìåòàäàííûõ <TT>PADDING</TT> íóæíîãî ðàçìåðà.  ýòîì ñëó÷àå âìåñòî ïåðåçàïèñè âñåãî ïîòîêà ïîñëå êîäèðîâàíèÿ ïðîãðàììà ñìîæåò ïðîñòî çàìåíèòü áëîê <TT>PADDING</TT> íà ñâîé. Åñëè èçâåñòåí òîëüêî ìàêñèìàëüíûé ðàçìåð áëîêà <TT>APPLICATION</TT>, ïðîãðàììà ìîæåò ñîçäàòü ðåçåðâíûé áëîê ÷óòü áîëüøåãî ðàçìåðà, à ïîñëå êîäèðîâàíèÿ ðàçäåëèòü åãî íà áëîêè <TT>APPLICATION</TT> è <TT>PADDING</TT>.</P>\r
-\r
-<P>Åñëè ðàçìåð áëîêà ìåòàäàííûõ <TT>APPLICATION</TT> èçâåñòåí çàðàíåå, ðàçìåð ðåçåðâèðóåìîé îáëàñòè ìîæåò áûòü ëåãêî âû÷åñëåí. Åñëè ðàçìåð áëîêà <TT>APPLICATION</TT> (íå âêëþ÷àÿ çàãîëîâîê áëîêà) ðàâåí <TT>N</TT> áàéòàì, òî ýêçåìïëÿðó FLAC__StreamEncoder ïåðåä èíèöèàëèçàöèåé íóæíî ïåðåäàòü çíà÷åíèå <TT>N+4</TT>. Ýòî íóæíî, ÷òîáû ó÷åñòü äîïîëíèòåëüíîå ìåñòî íåîáõîäèìîå äëÿ õðàíåíèÿ èäåíòèôèêàòîðà ïðèëîæåíèÿ.</P>\r
-\r
-<P>Êîãäà èçâåñòåí òîëüêî ìàêñèìàëüíûé ðàçìåð, ñêàæåì, <TT>N</TT> áàéò, íóæíî çàðåçåðâèðîâàòü <TT>N+8</TT> áàéò. ×åòûðå äëÿ ID ïðèëîæåíèÿ è ÷åòûðå äëÿ äîïîëíèòåëüíîãî áëîêà <TT>PADDING</TT>, êîòîðûé çàïîëíèò îñòàâøååñÿ ïðîñòðàíñòâî. Ïî îêîí÷àíèè êîäèðîâàíèÿ, êîãäà ðàçìåð áëîêà äàííûõ <TT>APPLICATION</TT> ñòàíîâèòñÿ èçâåñòíîé è ðàâíîé, äîïóñòèì, <TT>M</TT> áàéòàì, íà ìåñòî ïåðâîíà÷àëüíîãî áëîêà <TT>PADDING</TT> áóäåò çàïèñàí áëîê <TT>APPLICATION</TT> è áëîê <TT>PADDING</TT> äëèíîé <TT>N-M</TT> áàéòîâ.</P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<A NAME="bugs">\r
-<H3>Èçâåñòíûå îøèáêè</H3>\r
-\r
-<P>Îòñëåæèâàíèå îøèáîê âåäåòñÿ íà <A HREF="http://sourceforge.net/bugs/?group_id=13478">ýòîé</A> ñòðàíèöå ïðîåêòà, íàõîäÿùåéñÿ íà SourceForge. Åñëè Âû áóäåòå ñîîáùàòü îá îøèáêå, ïîæàëóéñòà, îñòàâüòå e-mail äëÿ êîíòàêòà.</P>\r
-\r
-<P> Copyright (c) 2001 Josh Coalson</P>\r
-\r
-</BODY>\r
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+
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+ ðóññêèé</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>
+</TABLE></CENTER></P>
+
+
+<CENTER><H2>FLAC: äîêóìåíòàöèÿ</H2></CENTER>
+
+<H3>Äîêóìåíòàöèÿ</H3>
+
+<P>Ýòà ñòðàíèöà ðàçáèòà íà ñëåäóþùèå ðàçäåëû:</P>
+
+çäåñü íàõîäèòñÿ äîêóìåíòàöèÿ äëÿ óòèëèòû êîìàäíîé ñòðîêè <B><TT>flac</TT></B>, ðåäàêòîðà ìåòàäàííûõ <B><TT>metaflac</TT></B> è <A HREF="documentation.html#plugins">ïëàãèíîâ</A> äëÿ ïëååðîâ.</P>
+
+
+<UL>
+ <LI><A HREF="#format">ôîðìàò</A> - îïèñàíèå ôîðìàòà FLAC äëÿ ïîëüçîâàòåëÿ (áîëåå äåòàëüíîå îïèñàíèå äëÿ ðàçðàáîò÷èêà ïðèâåäåíî íà <A HREF="format.html">ýòîé</A> ñòðàíèöå).</LI>
+ <LI><A HREF="#flac"><B><TT>flac</TT></B></A> - ècïîëüçîâàíèå êîäåêà <B><TT>flac</TT></B>, ðàáîòàþùåãî èç êîìàíäíîé ñòðîêè.</LI>
+ <LI><A HREF="#metaflac"><B><TT>metaflac</TT></B></A> - èñïîëüçîâàíèå ðåäàêòîðà ìåòàäàííûõ <B><TT>metaflac</TT></B>, ðàáîòàþùåãî èç êîìàíäíîé ñòðîêè.</LI>
+ <LI><A HREF="#plugins">ïëàãèíû</A> - äîêóìåíòàöèÿ äëÿ ðàçëè÷íûõ ïëàãèíîâ.</LI>
+ <LI><A HREF="#libflac">API äëÿ <B><TT>libFLAC</TT></B></A> - äëÿ ðàçðàáîò÷èêîâ, æåëàþùèõ èñïîëüçîâàòü ïîääåðæêó FLAC â ñâîèõ ïðîäóêòàõ.</LI>
+ <LI><A HREF="#bugs">îøèáêè</A> - èçâåñòíûå îøèáêè.</LI>
+</UL>
+
+<P>Ïîìíèòå, ÷òî îíëàéíîâàÿ âåðñèÿ ýòîãî äîêóìåíòà (íà àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå) âêëþ÷àåòñÿ â ïîñëåäíèé ðåëèç.</P>
+
+<A NAME="format">
+<H3>Ôîðìàò</H3>
+
+<P>Îïöèè ïî óìîë÷àíèþ äëÿ <B><TT>flac</TT></B> íàñòðîåíû íà ïîëó÷åíèå îïòèìàëüíîãî ñîîòíîøåíèÿ ñêîðîñòü/óðîâåíü ñæàòèÿ äëÿ áîëüøèíñòâà òèïîâ âõîäíûõ ôàéëîâ. Çäåñü îïèñûâàåòñÿ êàê ìîæíî ïîïûòàòüñÿ óâåëè÷èòü óðîâåíü èëè ñêîðîñòü ñæàòèÿ èëè ñ íàèáîëüøèì ýôôåêòîì èñïîëüçîâàòü ñèñòåìó ìåòàäàííûõ.</P>
+
+<P>Îñíîâíûìè ÷àñòÿìè ïîòîêà ÿâëÿþòñÿ:</P>
+
+<P><BLOCKQUOTE><UL>
+ <LI>Ñòðîêà èç ÷åòûðåõ áàéòîâ "fLaC".</LI>
+
+ <LI>Áëîê ìåòàäàííûõ <A HREF="format.html#def_STREAMINFO">STREAMINFO</A>.</LI>
+
+ <LI>Äðóãèå íåîáÿçàòåëüíûå áëîêè ìåòàäàííûõ.</LI>
+
+ <LI>Îäèí èëè áîëåå àóäèî ôðåéìîâ.</LI>
+</UL></BLOCKQUOTE></P>
+
+<P>Ïåðâûå ÷åòûðå áàéòà èäåòèôèöèðóþò ïîòîê FLAC. Ñëåäóþùèå çà íèìè ìåòàäàííûå ñîäåðæàò èíôîðìàöèþ î ïîòîêå, çàòåì èäóò ñæàòûå àóäèîäàííûå.</P>
+
+<A NAME="metaflac">
+<H4>Ìåòàäàííûå</H4>
+
+<P>FLAC îïðåäåëÿåò íåñêîëüêî òèïîâ áëîêîâ ìåòàäàííûõ (âñå îíè ïåðå÷èñëåíû íà ñòðàíèöå <A HREF="format.html">ôîðìàò</A>). Áëîêè ìåòàäàííûõ ìîãóò áûòü ëþáîãî ðàçìåðà, íîâûå áëîêè ìîãóò áûòü ëåãêî äîáàâëåíû. Äåêîäåð èìååò âîçìîæíîñòü ïðîïóñêàòü íåèçâåòíûå åìó áëîêè ìåòàäàííûõ. Îáÿçàòåëåí òîëüêî áëîê STREAMINFO.  íåì ñîäåðæèòñÿ ÷àñòîòà äèñêðåòèçàöèÿ, êîëè÷åñòâî êàíàëîâ è ò.ï., à òàêæå äàííûå ïîçâîëÿþùèå äåêîäåðó íàñòðîèòü áóôôåðû. Ñþäà òàêæå çàïèñûâàåòñÿ ïîäïèñü MD5 <I>íåñæàòûõ</I> àóäèîäàííûõ. Ýòî ïîëåçíî äëÿ ïðîâåðêè âñåãî ïîòîêà ïîñëå åãî ïåðåäà÷è.</P>
+
+<P>Äðóãèå áëîêè ïðåäíàçíà÷åíû äëÿ ðåçåðâèðîâàíèÿ ìåñòà, õðàíåíèÿ òàáëèö òî÷åê ïîèñêà, à òàêæå äàííûõ äëÿ êîíêðåòíûõ ïðèëîæåíèé. Îïöèè äëÿ äîáàâëåíèÿ áëîêîâ PADDING èëè òî÷åê ïîèñêà ïðèâåäåíû íèæå. FLAC íå íóæäàåòñÿ â òî÷êàõ ïîèñêà, îäíàêî îíè ïîçâîëÿþò çíà÷èòåëüíî óâåëè÷èòü ñêîðîñòü äîñòóïà, à òàêæå ìîãóò áûòü èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ äëÿ ðàññòàíîâêè ìåòîê â àóäèî ðåäàêòîðàõ.</P>
+
+<P>Åñëè Âàì íóæåí ñîáñòâåííûé áëîê ìåòàäàííûõ, Âû ìîæåòå îïðåäåëèòü åãî è çàïðîñèòü èäåíòèôèêàòîð <A HREF="id.html">çäåñü</A>. Âû ìîæåòå çàðåçåðâèðîâàòü áëîê PADDING íåîáõîäèìîãî ðàçìåðà è çàïèñàòü íà åãî ìåñòî ñâîè äàííûå ïîñëå êîäèðîâàíèÿ. Ïîëó÷åíííûé ïîòîê áóäåò îòâå÷àòü ôîðìàòó FLAC, äåêîäåðû ðàñïîçíàþùèå ýòè áëîêè ñìîãóò èõ èñïîëüçîâàòü, îñòàëüíûå áóäóò èõ ïðîïóñêàòü.</P>
+
+
+<H4>Àóäèîäàííûå</H4>
+
+<P>Çà ìåòàäàííûì ñëåäóþò ñæàòûå àóäèîäàííûå. Ìåòàäàííûå è àóäèîäàííûå íå ÷åðåäóþòñÿ. Êàê è áîëüøèíñòâî êîäåêîâ FLAC äåëèò âõîäíîé ïîòîê íà áëîêè è êîäèðóåò èõ íåçàâèñèìî äðóã îò äðóãà. Áëîê óïàêîâûâàòñÿ âî ôðåéì è äîáàâëÿåòñÿ ê ïîòîêó. Áàçîâûé åíêîäåð èñïîëüçóåò áëîêè ïîñòîÿííîãî ðàçìåðà äëÿ âñåãî ïîòîêà, îäíàêî ôîðìàò ïðåäóñìàòðèâàåò íàëè÷èå áëîêîâ ðàçíîé äëèíû â ïîòîêå.</P>
+
+
+<H4>Ðàçáèåíèå íà áëîêè</H4>
+
+<P>Ðàçìåð áëîêà - î÷åíü âàæíûé ïàðàìåòð äëÿ êîäèðîâàíèÿ. Åñëè îí î÷åíü ìàë, òî â ïîòîêå áóäåò ñëèøêîì çàãîëîâêîâ ôðåéìîâ, ÷òî óìåíüøèò óðîâåíü ñæàòèÿ. Åñëè ðàçìåð áîëüøîé, òî åíêîäåð íå ñìîæåò ïîäîáðàòü ýôôåêòèâíóþ ìîäåëü ñæàòèÿ. Ïîíèìàíèå ïðîöåññà ìîäåëèðîâàíèÿ ïîìîæåò Âàì óâåëè÷èòü óðîâåíü ñæàòèÿ äëÿ íåêîòîðûõ òèïîâ âõîäíûõ äàííûõ. Îáû÷íî ïðè èñïîëüçîâàíèè ëèíåéíîãî ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèÿ íà àóäèîäàííûõ ñ ÷àñòîòîé äèñêðåòèçàöèè 44.1 êÃö îïòèìàëüíûé ðàçìåð áëîêà ëåæèò â äèàïàçîíå 2-6 òûñÿ÷ ñýìïëîâ.  ýòîì ñëó÷àå çíà÷åíèå ïî óìîë÷àíèþ - 4608. Åñëè èñïîëüçîâàòü áûñòðûå ïîñòîÿííûå ïðåäèêòîðû, ïðåäïî÷òèòåëüíåå ìåíüøèå ðàçìåðû áëîêîâ, òàê êàê â ýòîì ñëó÷àå ðàçìåðû çàãîëîâêîâ ôðåéìîâ ìåíüøå.</P>
+
+
+<H4>Ìåæêàíàëüíàÿ äåêîððåëÿöèÿ</H4>
+
+<P>Åñëè íà âõîä ïîñòóïàþò ñòåðåî àóäèîäàííûå, îíè ìîãóò ïðîéòè ÷åðåç ñòàäèþ ìåæêàíàëüíîé äåêîððåëÿöèè. Ïðàâûé è ëåâûé êàíàë ïðåîáðàçóþòñÿ ê ñðåäíåìó è ðàçíîñòíîìó ïî ôîðìóëàì: <TT>ñðåäíèé = (ëåâûé + ïðàâûé)/2</TT>, <TT>ðàçíîñòíûé = ëåâûé - ïðàâûé</TT>.  îòëè÷èå îò joint stereo ýòîò ïðîöåññ íå ïðèâîäèò ê ïîòåðÿì. Äëÿ äàííûõ ñ àóäèî êîìïàêò-äèñêîâ ýòî îáû÷íî ïðèâîäèò ê çíà÷èòåëüíîìó óâåëè÷åíèþ óðîâíÿ ñæàòèÿ. Äëÿ âêëþ÷åíèÿ èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ ýòîãî ìåòîäà êîäèðîâàíèÿ <B><TT>flac</TT></B> èìååò äâå îïöèè: <TT>-m</TT> âñåãäà äåëàåò ðàçíîñòíóþ è íåçàâèñèìóþ âåðñèþ áëîêà è âûáèðàåò íàèìåíüøèé ôðåéì è <TT>-M</TT>, êîòîðàÿ àäàïòèâíî âûáèðàåò ñõåìó ñæàòèÿ.</P>
+
+
+<H4>Ìîäåëèðîâàíèå</H4>
+
+<P>Íà ñëåäóþùåì ýòàïå åíêîäåð ïûòàåòñÿ àïïðîêñèìèðîâàòü ñèãíàë òàêîé ôóíêöèåé, ÷òîáû ïîëó÷åííûé ïîñëå åå âû÷èòàíèÿ èç îðèãèíàëà ðåçóëüòàò (íàçûâàåìûé ðàçíîñòüþ, îñòàòêîì, îøèáêîé) ìîæíî áûëî çàêîäèðîâàòü ìèíèìàëüíûì êîëè÷åñòâîì áèòîâ. Ïàðàìåòðû ôóíêöèé òîæå äîëæíû çàïèñûâàòüñÿ, ïîýòîìó îíè íå äîëæíû çàíèìàòü ìíîãî ìåñòà. FLAC èñïîëüçóåò äâà ìåòîäà ôîðìèðîâàíèÿ àïïðîêñèìàöèé: 1) ïîäãîíêà ïðîñòîãî ïîëèíîìà ê ñèãíàëó è 2) îáùåå êîäèðîâàíèå ñ ëèíåéíûìè ïðåäèêòîðàìè (LPC).</P>
+
+<P>Âî-ïåðâûõ, ïîñòîÿííîå ïîëèíîìèàëüíîå ïðåäñêàçàíèå (<TT>-l 0</TT>) ðàáîòàåò çíà÷èòåëüíî áûñòðåå, íî ìåíåå òî÷íî, ÷åì LPC. ×åì âûøå ïîðÿäîê LPC, òåì ìåäëåííåå, íî ëó÷øå áóäåò ìîäåëü. Îäíàêî ñ óâåëè÷åíèåì ïîðÿäêà âûèãðûø áóäåò âñå ìåíåå çíà÷èòåëüíûì.  íåêîòîðîé òî÷êå (îáû÷íî îêîëî 9) ïðîöåäóðà åíêîäåðà, îïðåäåëÿþùàÿ íàèëó÷øèé ïîðÿäîê, íà÷èíàåò îøèáàòüñÿ è ðàçìåð ïîëó÷àåìûõ ôðåéìîâ âîçðàñòàåò. ×òîáû ïðåîäîëåòü ýòî, ìîæíî èñïîëüçîâàòü ïîëíûé ïåðåáîð (îïöèÿ <TT>-e</TT>), ÷òî ïðèâåäåò ê çíà÷èòåëüíîìó óâåëè÷åíèþ âðåìåíè êîäèðîâàíèÿ.</P>
+
+<P>Âî-âòîðûõ, ïàðàìåòðû äëÿ ïîñòîÿííûõ ïðåäèêòîðîâ ìîãóò áûòü îïèñàíû òðåìÿ áèòàìè, à ïàðàìåòðû äëÿ ìîäåëè LPC çàâèñÿò îò êîëè÷åñòâà áèò íà ñýìïë è ïîðÿäêà LPC. Ýòî çíà÷èò, ÷òî ðàçìåð çàãîëîâêà ôðåéìà çàâèñèò îò âûáðàííîãî ìåòîäà è ïîðÿäêà è ìîæåò ïîâëèÿòü íà îïòèìàëüíûé ðàçìåð áëîêà.</P>
+
+
+<H4>Îñòàòî÷íîå êîäèðîâàíèå</H4>
+
+<P>Êîãäà ìîäåëü ïîäîáðàíà, åíêîäåð âû÷èòàåò ïðèáëèæåíèå èç îðèãèíàëà, ÷òîáû ïîëó÷èòü îñòàòî÷íûé (îøèáî÷íûé) ñèãíàë, êîòîðûé çàòåì êîäèðóåòñÿ áåç ïîòåðü. Äëÿ ýòîãî èñïîëüçóåòñÿ òî îáñòîÿòåëüñòâî, ÷òî ðàçíîñòíûé ñèãíàë îáû÷íî èìååò ðàñïðåäåëåíèå Ëàïëàñà è åñòü íàáîð ñïåöèàëüíûé êîäîâ Õàôôìàíà, íàçûâàåìûå êîäàìè Ðàéñà, ïîçâîëÿþùèå ýôôåêòèâíî è áûñòðî êîäèðîâàòü ýòè ñèãíàëû áåç èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ ñëîâàðÿ.</P>
+
+<P>Êîäèðîâàíèå Ðàéñà ñîñòîèò èç íàõîæäåíèÿ îäíîãî ïàðàìåòðà, îòâå÷àþùåãî ðàñïðåäåëåíèþ ñèãíàëà, à çàòåì èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ åãî äëÿ ñîñòàâëåíèÿ êîäîâ. Ïðè èçìåíåíèè ðàñïðåäåëåíèÿ ìåíÿåòñÿ è îïòèìàëüíûé ïàðàìåòð, ïîýòîìó èìååòñÿ ìåòîä ïîçâîëÿþùèé ïåðåñ÷èòûâàòü åãî ïî íåîáõîäèìîñòè. Îñòàòîê ìîæåò áûòü ðàçáèò íà <I>êîíòåêñòû</I> èëè <I>ðàçäåëû</I>, ó êàæäîãî èç êîòîðûõ áóäåò ñâîé ïàðàìåòð Ðàéñà. <B><TT>flac</TT></B> ïîçâîëÿåò óêàçàòü, êàê íóæíî ïðîèçâîäèòü ðàçáèåíèå, ñ ïîìîùüþ îïöèè <TT>-r</TT>. Îñòàòîê ìîæåò áûòü ðàçáèò íà <I>2^n</I> ðàçäåëà, åñëè èñïîëüçîâàòü <TT>-r n,n</TT>. Ïàðàìåòð <I>n</I> íàçûâàåòñÿ ïîðÿäêîì ðàçäåëà. Òàêæå åíêîäåð ìîæåò èñêàòü â ïðåäåëàõ îò <I>m</I> äî <I>n</I> ïîðÿäêà, âûáèðàÿ ëó÷øèé âàðèàíò, åñëè óêàçàòü <TT>-r m,n</TT>. Îáû÷íî âûáîð <I>n</I> íå âëèÿåò íà ñêîðîñòü êîäèðîâàíèÿ. Îò ðàçíèöû ìåæäó <I>m</I> è <I>n</I> ñèëüíî çàâèñèò âðåìÿ ðàáîòû, ÷åì îíà áîëüøå, òåì áîëüøå âðåìåíè áóäåò çàòðà÷èâàòüñÿ íà ïîèñê ëó÷øåãî ïîðÿäêà. Âûáîð ðàçìåðà áëîêà òàêæå âëèÿåò íà îïòèìàëüíûé ïîðÿäîê ðàçäåëà.</P>
+
+
+<H4>Ñîñòàâëåíèå ôðåéìîâ</H4>
+
+<P>Àóäèîôðåéìó ïðåäøåñòâóåò çàãîëîâîê, êîòîðûé íà÷èíàåòñÿ ñ êîäà ñèíõðîíèçàöèè è ñîäåðæèò ìèíèìóì èíôîðìàöèè, íåîáõîäèìîé äåêîäåðó äëÿ âîñïðîèçâåäåíèÿ ïîòîêà. Ñþäà òàêæå çàïèñûâàåòñÿ íîìåð áëîêà èëè ñýìïëà è âîñüìèáèòíàÿ êîíòðîëüíàÿ ñóììà ñàìîãî çàãîëîâêà. Êîä ñèíõðîíèçàöèè, CRC çàãîëîâêà ôðåéìà è íîìåð áëîêà/ñýìïëà ïîçâîëÿþò îñóùåñòâëÿòü ïåðåñèíõðîíèçàöèþ è ïîèñê äàæå â îòñóòñòâèå òî÷åê ïîèñêà.  êîíöå ôðåéìà çàïèñûâàåòñÿ åãî øåñòíàäöàòèáèòíàÿ êîíòðîëüíàÿ ñóììà. Åñëè áàçîâûé äåêîäåð îáíàðóæèò îøèáêó, áóäåò ñãåíåðèðîâàí áëîê òèøèíû.</P>
+
+
+<H4>Ðàçíîå</H4>
+
+<P>×òîáû ïîääåðæèâàòü îñíîâíûå òèïû ìåòàäàííûõ, áàçîâûé äåêîäåð óìååò ïðîïóñêàòü òåãè ID3V1 è ID3V2, ïîýòîìó èõ ìîæíî ñâîáîäíî äîáàâëÿòü. Òåãè ID3V2 äîëæíû ðàñïîëàãàòüñÿ ïåðåä ìàðêåðîì "fLaC", à òåãè ID3V1 - â êîíöå ôàéëà.</P>
+
+<P>Ó <B><TT>flac</TT></B> åñòü îïöèÿ (<TT>-V</TT>) äëÿ ïðîâåðêè âûõîäíûõ äàííûõ ïðè êîäèðîâàíèè.  ýòîì ñëó÷àå äåêîäåð ðàáîòàåò îäíîâðåìåííî ñ åíêîäåðîì è åãî âûõîä ñðàâíèâàåòñÿ ñ îðèãèíàëüíûì ââîäîì. Åñëè áóäåò íàéäåíî îòëè÷èå, <B><TT>flac</TT></B> çàêîí÷èò ðàáîòó ñ ñîîáùåíèåì îá îøèáêå.</P>
+
+
+<A NAME="flac">
+<H3><B><TT>flac</TT></B></H3>
+
+<P><B><TT>flac</TT></B> - ýòî êîäåê, ðàáîòàþùèé èç êîìàíäíîé ñòðîêè. Âõîäîì äëÿ åíêîäåðà è âûõîäîì äëÿ äåêîäåðà äîëæåí áûòü ëèáî äàííûå â ôîðìàòå RIFF WAVE, ëèáî ïîòîê ñýìïëîâ áåç çàãîëîâêà. <B><TT>flac</TT></B> èñïîëüçóåò òîëüêî ëèíåéíûå PCM ñýìïëû (äðóãèìè ñëîâàìè, A-LAW, uLAW, è ò.ï. íå ïîääåðæèâàþòñÿ). Ñëåäóþùèì îãðàíè÷åíèåì ÿâëÿåòñÿ òî, ÷òî âî êîäèðóåìîì ôàéëå ñýìïëû äîëæíû áûòü 8, 16 èëè 24-áèòíûìè. Ýòî íå îãðàíè÷åíèå ôîðìàòà, ïðîñòî òàê ðàáîòàþò áàçîâûé åíêîäåð è äåêîäåð.</P>
+
+<P><B><TT>flac</TT></B> ïðåäïîëàãàåò, ÷òî ôàéëû RIFF WAVE èìåþò ñóôôèêñ ".wav"; ýòî óìîë÷àíèå ìîæåò áûòü ïåðåîïðåäåëåíî ñïåöèàëüíûì êëþ÷îì. Äëÿ äàííûõ, ïîñòóïàþùèõ èç ïîòîêà, <B><TT>flac</TT></B> ïûòàåòñÿ îïðåäåëèòü òèï, ïðîñìàòðèâàÿ íà÷àëî ôàéëà â ïîèñêå çàãîëîâêà.  îñòàëüíûõ ñëó÷àÿõ <B><TT>flac</TT></B> íå äåëàåò ïðåäïîëîæåíèé î ñóôôèêñàõ, õîòÿ ïî ñîãëàøåíèþ ôàéëû FLAC èìåþò ñóôôèêñ ".flac" (èëè ".fla" íà ñòàðûõ ôàéëîâûõ ñèñòåìàõ òàêèõ êàê FAT-16).</P>
+
+<P>Ïåðåä ïîëíûì îïèñàíèåì êëþ÷åé, èñïîëüçóåìûõ <B><TT>flac</TT></B>, îáðàòèì âíèìàíèå íà òî ÷òî: 1) ïî óìîë÷àíèþ <B><TT>flac</TT></B> ñæèìàåò ôàéëû (äëÿ äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ èñïîëüçóéòå êëþ÷ <TT>-d</TT>); 2) êëþ÷è <TT>-0..-9</TT>, óïðàâëÿþùèå óðîâíåì ñæàòèÿ, ÿâëÿþòñÿ ñèíîíèìàìè äëÿ ðàçëè÷íûõ ãðóïï íàñòðîåê êîäèðîâàíèÿ. Òîãî æå ýôôåêòà ìîæíî äîáèòüñÿ, èñïîëüçóÿ íàáîðû ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèõ êëþ÷åé; 3) ìîäåëü îáðàáîòêè âõîäíûõ è âûõîäíûõ ôàéëîâ ó <B><TT>flac</TT></B> àíàëîãè÷íà <B><TT>gzip</TT></B>.</P>
+
+<P><B><TT>flac</TT></B> âûçûâàåòñÿ îäíèì èç ÷åòûðåõ ñïîñîáîâ:</P>
+
+<BLOCKQUOTE><UL>
+ <LI>Êîäèðîâàíèå:<BR><TT>flac [-s] [--skip #] [<I><A HREF="#format_options"><íàñòðîéêè_ôîðìàòà></A></I>] [<I><A HREF="#encoding_options"><îïöèè_êîäèðîâàíèÿ></A></I>] [âõîäíîé_ôàéë [...]]</TT></LI>
+
+ <LI>Äåêîäèðîâàíèå:<BR><TT>flac -d [-s] [--skip #] [<I><A HREF="#format_options"><íàñòðîéêè_ôîðìàòà></A></I>] [<I><A HREF="#encoding_options"><îïöèè_êîäèðîâàíèÿ></A></I>] [âõîäíîé_ôàéë [...]]</TT></LI>
+
+ <LI>Òåñòèðîâàíèå:<BR><TT>flac -t [-s] [âõîäíîé_ôàéë [...]]</TT></LI>
+
+ <LI>Àíàëèç:<BR><TT>flac -a [-s] [--skip #] [<I><A HREF="#analysis_options"><îïöèè_àíàëèçà></A></I>] [âõîäíîé_ôàéë [...]]</TT></LI>
+</UL></BLOCKQUOTE></P>
+
+<P> ëþáîì ñëó÷àå, åñëè âõîäíîé ôàéë íå óêàçàí, ïîäðàçóìåâàåòñÿ ñòàíäàðòíûé ââîä. Åñëè óêàçàí òîëüêî îäèí âõîäíîé ôàéë, òî ýòî ìîæåò áûòü "-" äëÿ ñòàíäàðòíîãî ââîäà (stdin). Êîãäà èñïîëüçóåòñÿ ñòàíäàðòíûé ââîä, <B><TT>flac</TT></B> ïèøåò â ñòàíäàðòíûé âûâîä (stdout).  îñòàëüíûõ ñëó÷àÿõ <B><TT>flac</TT></B> âûïîëíèò óêàçàííûå äåéñòâèÿ äëÿ êàæäîãî âõîäíîãî ôàéëà è çàïèøåò ðåçóëüòàòû â ôàéëû ñ àíàëîãè÷íûìè èìåíàìè (ïðè êîäèðîâàíèè ñóôôèêñ áóäåò çàìåíåí íà ".flac" èëè, åñëè åãî íå áûëî, áóäåò äîáàâëåí; ïðè äåêîäèðîâàíèè ñóôôèêñû òàêæå èçìåíÿþòñÿ â ñîîòâåòñòâèè ñ òèïîì âûõîäíûõ äàííûõ.) Îðèãèíàë óäàëÿåòñÿ, òîëüêî åñëè óêàçàí êëþ÷ <TT>--delete-input-file</TT>.</P>
+
+<P>Ñóùåñòâóþò îñîáûå ôîðìû âûçîâà ïðîöåäóð êîäèðîâàíèÿ/äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ èç ñòàíäàíäàðòíîãî ââîäà â ôàéë.</P>
+
+<P><BLOCKQUOTE>
+<UL>
+ <LI><TT>flac [îïöèè] - âûõîäíîé_ôàéë</TT></LI>
+
+ <LI><TT>flac -d [îïöèè] - âûõîäíîé_ôàéë</TT></LI>
+</UL>
+
+<P>êîòîðûå ëó÷øå ÷åì</P>
+
+<UL>
+ <LI><TT>flac [îïöèè] > âûõîäíîé_ôàéë</TT></LI>
+
+ <LI><TT>flac -d [îïöèè] > âûõîäíîé_ôàéë</TT></LI>
+</UL>
+</BLOCKQUOTE></P>
+
+<P>òàê êàê â ïåðâîì ñëó÷àå ñîõðàíÿåòñÿ âîçìîæíîñòü ïðîèçâåñòè ïðè íåîáõîäèìîñòè ïîñëåäóþùóþ îáðàáîòêó ôàéëà, íàïðèìåð äëÿ çàïèñè çàãîëîâêîâ <TT>RIFF WAVE</TT> èëè <TT>STREAMINFO</TT>.</P>
+
+<P>Äàííûå â ñòàíäàðòíûé âûâîä ìîæíî ïåðåíàïðàâèòü ñ ïîìîùüþ êëþ÷à <TT>-c</TT>.</P>
+
+<P>Îïöèè êîäèðîâàíèÿ âëèÿþò íà ñêîðîñòü ðàáîòû è óðîâåíü ñæàòèÿ. Íàñòðîéêè ôîðìàòà îïðåäåëÿþò ðàñïîëîæåíèå ñýìïëîâ, åñëè íà âõîä ïîñòóïàåò ôàéë áåç çàãîëîâêà. Åñëè ó ôàéëà åñòü çàãîëîâîê <TT>RIFF WAVE</TT>, òî íàñòîéêè ôîðìàòà íå íóæíû, òàê êàê îíè áåðóòñÿ èç ôàéëà.</P>
+
+<P> ðåæèìå òåñòèðîâàíèÿ <B><TT>flac</TT></B> ðàáîòàåò êàê è ïðè äåêîäèðîâàíèè, òîëüêî âûõîäíîé ôàéë íå çàïèñûâàåòñÿ. Ðåæèìû äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ è òåñòèðîâàíèÿ ïðîâåðÿþò ïîòîê íà íàëè÷èå îøèáîê, à òàêæå ñðàâíèâàþò ïîäïèñü MD5 äåêîäèðîâàííîãî ïîòîêà ñ ñîõðàíåííîé ïîäïèñüþ, äàæå åñëè ôîðìàò ïîòîêà ïðàâèëüíûé.</P>
+
+<H4><a name="general_options">Îñíîâíûå êëþ÷è</A></H4>
+<TABLE border=1>
+
+<TR><TD width=25%><TT>-d</TT></TD>
+<TD width=75%>Äåêîäèðîâàíèå (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ <B><TT>flac</TT></B> êîäèðóåò). <B><TT>flac</TT></B> çàâåðøèò ðàáîòó ñ êîäîì âûõîäà <TT>1</TT>, åñëè áóäåò âñòðå÷åíà îøèáêà èëè êîíòðîëüíàÿ ñóììà MD5 äåêîäèðîâàííîãî ïîòîêà íå ñîâïàäåò ñ ñîõðàíåííîé. Åñëè îøèáîê íå áóäåò, êîä âîçâðàòà áóäåò ðàâåí <TT>0</TT>.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-t</TT></TD>
+<TD>Òåñòèðîâàíèå (òî æå ñàìîå, ÷òî è äåêîäèðîâàíèå, òîëüêî âûõîä íå çàïèñûâàåòñÿ â ôàéë). Êîäû âîçâðàòà òå æå.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-a</TT></TD>
+<TD>Àíàëèç (òî æå ñàìîå, ÷òî è äåêîäèðîâàíèå, òîëüêî âûõîäîì ÿâëÿåòñÿ ôàéë ñòàòèñòèêè). Êîäû âîçâðàòà òå æå. Ðåæèì ïðåäíàçíà÷åí â îñíîâíîì äëÿ ðàçðàáîò÷èêîâ.  âûõîäíîé òåêñòîâûé ôàéë çàïèñûâàåòñÿ èíôîðìàöèÿ î êàæäîì ôðåéìå è ïîäôðåéìå.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-c</TT></TD>
+<TD>Íàïðàâèòü ðåçóëüòàò â ñòàíäàðòíûé âûâîä (stdout).</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-s</TT></TD>
+<TD>Íå ïîêàçûâàòü ñòàòèñòèêó ïðè êîäèðîâàíèè/äåêîäèðîâàíèè.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-o ôàéë</TT></TD>
+<TD>ßâíî óêàçàòü èìÿ âûõîäíîãî ôàéëà, ïî óìîë÷àíèþ <B><TT>flac</TT></B> ïðîñòî çàìåíÿåò ñóôôèêñ.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>--output-prefix ñòðîêà</TT></TD>
+<TD>Äîáàâëÿåò ïðåôèêñ ê êàæäîìó èìåíè âûõîäíîìó ôàéëó. Ìîæåò èìñïîëüçîâàòüñÿ äëÿ êîäèðîâàíèÿ/äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ ôàéëîâ â äðóãîé êàòàëîã. Åñëè óêàçàííàÿ ñòðîêà ÿâëÿåòñÿ ÷àñòüþ ïóòè, óáåäèòåñü, ÷òî îíà çàêàí÷èâàåòñÿ ñëýøåì '/'.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>--delete-input-file</TT></TD>
+<TD>Ïîñëå óñïåøíîãî îêîí÷àíèÿ êîäèðîâàíèÿ/äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ âõîäíîé ôàéë áóäåò óäàëåí. Åñëè ïðîèçîéäåò îøèáêà, èñõîäíûé ôàéë îñòàíåòñÿ.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>--skip #</TT></TD>
+<TD>Ïðîïóñòèòü ïåðâûå <TT>#</TT> ñýìïëîâ âõîäíîãî ôàéëà. Ðàáîòàåò äëÿ êîäèðîâàíèÿ è äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ, íî íå äëÿ òåñòèðîâàíèÿ.</TD></TR>
+</TABLE>
+
+
+<H4><a name="analysis_options">Îïöèè àíàëèçà</H4>
+<TABLE border=1>
+
+<TR><TD width=15%><TT>--a-rtext</TT></TD>
+<TD width=85%>Äîáàâëÿåò â ôàéë îñòàòî÷íûé ñèãíàë. Ðåçóëüòèðóþùèé ôàéë ïîëó÷àåòñÿ <B>î÷åíü áîëüøèì</B>.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD width=10%><TT>--a-rgp</TT></TD>
+<TD width=90%>Ñîçäàåò ôàéëû-äèàãðàììû äëÿ êàæäîãî ïîäôðåéìà.  êàæäîì ôàéëå áóäåò îñòàòî÷íîå ðàñïðåäåëåíèå äëÿ ïîäôðåéìà. Áóäåò ñîçäàíî <B>î÷åíü ìíîãî</B> ôàéëîâ.</TD></TR>
+</TABLE>
+
+
+<H4><a name="encoding_options">Îïöèè êîäèðîâàíèÿ</A></H4>
+<TABLE border=1>
+
+<TR><TD width=15%><TT>--lax</TT></TD>
+<TD width=85%>Ïîçâîëÿåò åíêîäåðó ñîçäàâàòü ôàéëû, îòâå÷àþùèå ïîäìíîæåñòâó ôîðìàòà FLAC.  ðåçóëüòàòå ðàáîòû áóäåò ïîëó÷àòüñÿ íåïîòîêîâûé ôàéë, ïîýòîìó ýòîò êëþ÷ ñëåäóåò èñïîëüçîâàòü òîëüêî äëÿ àðõèâèðîâàíèÿ. Äåêîäåð áóäåò ïîääåðæèâàòü âîñïðîèçâåäåíèå è ïîèñê â òàêèõ ôàéëàõ.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>--sector-align</TT></TD>
+<TD>
+<P>Ïðè êîäèðîâàíèè íåñêîëüêèõ WAVE ôàéëîâ ôîðìàòà CD-Audio âûðàâíèâàòü èõ íà ãðàíèöó ñåêòîðà. Ýòà îïöèÿ ïðèìåíèìà òîëüêî äëÿ êîäèðîâàíèÿ íåñêîëüêèõ WAVE ôàéëîâ, êàæäûé èç êîòîðûõ äîëæåí èìåòü ÷àñòîòó äèñêðåòèçàöèè 44.1 êÃö è äâà êàíàëà. Åñëè áóäåò óêàçàíà ýòà îïöèÿ åíêîäåð âûðîâíÿåò ïîòîêè .flac òàê,
+÷òî èõ äëèíû áóäóò êðàòíû ðàçìåðó ñåêòîðà CD-Audio (ðàâíû 1/75 ñåêóíäàì èëè 588 ñýìïëàì). Ýòî îñóùåñòâëÿåòñÿ ïåðåíîñîì ÷àñòè ñåêòîðà â êîíöå êàæäîãî WAVE ôàéëà â íà÷àëî ñëåäóþùåãî. Ïîñëåäíèé ïîòîê áóäåò äîïîëíåí äî ãðàíèöû âûðàâíèâàíèÿ íóëÿìè.</P>
+<P>Èñïîëüçîâàíèå ýòîé îïöèè íå ïðèâåäåò íè ê ÷åìó, åñëè ôàéëû óæå âûðîâíåíû (íàïðèìåð, åñëè ïðàâèëüíî ñêîïèðîâàíû ñ àóäèî-CD). <TT><B>flac</B></TT> ìîæåò âûðîâíÿòü òîëüêî íåñêîëüêî ôàéëîâ çà îäèí âûçîâ.</P>
+
+<P><B>ÂÍÈÌÀÍÈÅ</B>: Ïîðÿäîê ôàéëîâ èìååò çíà÷åíèå! Åñëè âû ñäåëàåòå ñëåäóþùèé âûçîâ '<TT>flac --sector-align *.wav</TT>', êîìàíäíûé ïðîöåññîð ìîæåò îáðàáîòàòü øàáëîí íå â òîì ïîðÿäêå, â êàêîì âû ðàññ÷èòûâàåòå. Ïîýòîìó ëó÷øå âñåãî âûçûâàòü ïðîãðàììó, ÿâíî óêàçàâ ñïèñîê ôàéëîâ, íàïðèìåð, '<TT>flac --sector-align 8.wav 9.wav 10.wav</TT>'.
+</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-S {#|X|#x}</TT></TD>
+<TD width=90%>Äîáàâëÿåò òî÷êè äëÿ ïîèñêà â òàáëèöó <TT>SEEKTABLE</TT>.
+
+<UL>
+ <LI><TT># </TT> : ñîçäàåòñÿ òî÷êà ïîèñêà äëÿ ñýìïëà ñ îïðåäåëåííûì íîìåðîì.</LI>
+
+ <LI><TT>X </TT> : ðåçåðâèðóåìûå òî÷êè (âñåãäà ïîìåùàþòñÿ â êîíöå <TT>SEEKTABLE</TT>).</LI>
+
+ <LI><TT>#x</TT> : # ðàâíîìåðíî ðàñïðåäåëåííûõ òî÷åê ïîèñêà, ïåðâàÿ ñîîòâåòñòâóåò 0 ñýìïëó.</LI>
+</UL>
+
+<P>Îïöèþ <TT>-S</TT> ìîæíî èñïîëüçîâàòü íåñêîëüêî ðàç.  ðåçóëüòàòå ïîëó÷èòñÿ îáúåäèíåííàÿ òàáëèöà, â êîòîðîé áóäóò ïðèñóòñòâîâàòü òîëüêî óíèêàëüíûå çíà÷åíèÿ.<BR>
+Ïî óìîë÷àíèþ <B><TT>flac</TT></B> èñïîëüçóåò <TT>-S 100x</TT>. Åñëè òàáëèöà ïîèñêà íå íóæíà, óêàæèòå <TT>-S-</TT>.<BR>
+<B>ÏÐÈÌÅ×ÀÍÈÅ</B>: <TT>-S #x</TT> íå áóäåò ðàáîòàòü, åñëè åíêîäåð íå ñìîæåò îïðåäåëèòü ðàçìåð âõîäíîãî ôàéëà â íà÷àëå ðàáîòû.<BR>
+<B>ÏÐÈÌÅ×ÀÍÈÅ</B>: åñëè <I>#</I> áîëüøå èëè ðàâåí êîëè÷åñòâó ñýìïëîâ âî âõîäíîì ôàéëå, òî òî÷êè äîáàâëåíû íå áóäóò, åñëè ðàçìåð ìîæíî îïðåäåëèòü äî êîäèðîâàíèÿ, â ïðîòèâíîì ñëó÷àå áóäóò çàïèñàíû ðåçåðâèðóåìûå òî÷êè.</P>
+</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-P #</TT></TD>
+<TD>Eíêîäåð çàïèøåò áëîê ìåòàäàííûõ <TT>PADDING</TT>, óêàçàííîãî ðàçìåðà (â áàéòàõ), ïîñëå áëîêà <TT>STREAMINFO</TT>. <TT>-P 0</TT> óêàçûâàåò, ÷òî áëîê <TT>PADDING</TT> íå íóæåí (çíà÷åíèå ïî óìîë÷àíèþ). Ýòîò áëîê ïîëåçåí, åñëè âû ñîáèðàåòåñü äîáàâèòü òýã â ôàéë ïîçæå. Âìåñòî òîãî, ÷òîáû ïåðåïèñûâàòü ôàéë ïîëíîñòüþ, ìîæíî áóäåò çàïèñàòü èíôîðìàöèþ âìåñòî áëîêà <TT>PADDING</TT>.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-b #</TT></TD>
+<TD>Óñòàíàâëèâàåò ðàçìåð áëîêà â ñýìïëàõ. Ïî óìîë÷àíèþ <TT>1152</TT> äëÿ <TT>-l 0</TT>, èíà÷å <TT>4608</TT>. Ñòàíäàðòíûå ïîòîêè äîëæíû èñïîëüçîâàòü îäíî èç óêàçàíûõ çíà÷åíèé: <TT>192/576/1152/2304/4608/256/512/1024/2048/4096/8192/16384/32768</TT>. Ñåé÷àñ åíêîäåð èñïîëüçóåò ïîñòîÿííûé ðàçìåð áëîêà äëÿ âñåãî ôàéëà.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-m</TT></TD>
+<TD>Âêëþ÷àåò ðàçíîñòíîå êîäèðîâàíèå (òîëüêî äëÿ ñòåðåî ïîòîêîâ). Îáû÷íî óâåëè÷èâàåò óðîâåíü ñæàòèÿ íà íåñêîëüêî ïðîöåíòîâ. Äëÿ êàæäîãî áëîêà ñîçäàåòñÿ óñðåäíåííàÿ è ñòåðåî âåðñèÿ áëîêà, ñîõðàíÿåòñÿ áëîê ìåíüøåãî ðàçìåðà. Ñåé÷àñ ðàçíîñòíîå êîäèðîâàíèå äîñòóïíî äëÿ ôàéëîâ, ãäå ñýìïë èìååò ðàçìåð íå áîëüøå 16 áèò.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-M</TT></TD>
+<TD>Âêëþ÷àåò ñâîáîäíîå ðàçíîñòíîå êîäèðîâàíèå (òîëüêî äëÿ ñòåðåî ïîòîêîâ). Ðàáîòàåò àíàëîãè÷íî <TT>-m</TT>, îäíàêî åíêîäåð ïåðåêëþ÷àåòñÿ ìåæäó íåçàâèñèìûì è óñðåäíÿþùèì êîäèðîâàíèåì àäàïòèâíî. Ìåòîä ðàáîòàåò áûñòðåå, íî óðîâåíü ñæàòèÿ ìåíüøå, òàê êàê <TT>-m</TT> ïðîèçâîäèò ïîëíûé ïåðåáîð âàðèàíòîâ.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-0..-9</TT></TD>
+<TD>Áûñòðåéøåå ñæàòèå ... ìàêñèìàëüíîå ñæàòèå. Ïî óìîë÷àíèþ <TT>-5</TT>.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-0</TT></TD>
+<TD>Àíàëîãè÷íî <TT>-l 0 -b 1152 -r 2,2</TT>.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-1</TT></TD>
+<TD>Àíàëîãè÷íî <TT>-l 0 -b 1152 -r 2,2 -M</TT>.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-2</TT></TD>
+<TD>Àíàëîãè÷íî <TT>-l 0 -b 1152 -r 3 -m</TT>.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-3</TT></TD>
+<TD>Àíàëîãè÷íî <TT>-l 6 -b 4608 -r 3,3</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-4</TT></TD>
+<TD>Àíàëîãè÷íî <TT>-l 8 -b 4608 -r 3,3 -M</TT>.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-5</TT></TD>
+<TD>Àíàëîãè÷íî <TT>-l 8 -b 4608 -r 3,3 -m</TT>.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-6</TT></TD>
+<TD>Àíàëîãè÷íî <TT>-l 8 -b 4608 -r 4 -m</TT>.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-7</TT></TD>
+<TD>Àíàëîãè÷íî <TT>-l 8 -b 4608 -r 6 -m -e</TT>.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-8</TT></TD>
+<TD>Àíàëîãè÷íî <TT>-l 12 -b 4608 -r 6 -m -e</TT>.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-9</TT></TD>
+<TD>Àíàëîãè÷íî <TT>-l 32 -b 4608 -r 16 -m -e -E -p</TT>. Ðàáîòàåò î÷åíü ìåäëåííî, íî äîñòèãàåòñÿ ìàêñèìàëüíûé óðîâåíü ñæàòèÿ äëÿ äàííîãî ðàçìåðà áëîêà.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-e</TT></TD>
+<TD>Ïîëíûé ïîèñê ìîäåëè (ðàáîòàåò ìåäëåííî!). Îáû÷íî åíêîäåð îïðåäåëÿåò ëó÷øóþ ìîäåëü è êîäèðóåò äàëåå îïèðàÿñü íà íåå.  äàííîì ðåæèìå åíêîäåð áóäåò ñîçäàâàòü ïîäôðåéìû âñåõ ïîðÿäêîâ è èñïîëüçîâàòü íàèìåíüøèé. Åñëè ìàêñèìàëüíîå çíà÷åíèå ïîðÿäêà LPC âåëèêî, âðåìÿ êîäèðîâàíèÿ ñóùåñòâåííî âîçðàñòåò. Âûèãðûø îáû÷íî ñîñòàâëÿåò îêîëî 0.5%.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-E</TT></TD>
+<TD>Èñïîëüçîâàòü óïðàâëÿþùèå êîäû â êîäåðå ýíòðîïèè. Ýòà îïöèÿ ïîçâîëÿåò çàïèñûâàòü íåçàêîäèðîâàííîå ïðåäñòàâëåíèå îñòàòêà â ðàçäåëå, åñëè åãî ðàçìåð ìåíüøå. Ïðè ýòîì âðåìÿ ðàáîòû óâåëè÷èâàåòñÿ, à óðîâåíü ñæàòèÿ îáû÷íî óëó÷øàåòñÿ ïðèìåðíî íà 1%.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-l #</TT></TD>
+<TD>Îïðåäåëÿåò ìàêñèìàëüíûé ïîðÿäîê LPC (êîýôôèöèåíòîâ ëèíåéíîãî ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèÿ). ×èñëî äîëæíî áûòü ìåíüøå èëè ðàâíî <TT>32</TT>. Åñëè çíà÷åíèå ðàâíî <TT>0</TT>, åíêîäåð áóäåò èñïîëüçîâàòü âìåñòî îáùåãî ëèíåéíîãî ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèÿ ïîñòîÿííûå êîýôôèöèåíòû. Ýòîò ìåòîä óâåëè÷èâàåò ñêîðîñòü ðàáîòû, íî ôàéëû ïîëó÷àþòñÿ íà 5-10% áîëüøå.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-q #</TT></TD>
+<TD>Îïðåäåëÿåò òî÷íîñòü äèñêðåòíûõ êîýôôèöèåíòîâ ëèíåéíîãî ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèÿ â áèòàõ. Ïî óìîë÷àíèþ <TT>-q 0</TT>, ÷òî ïîçâîëÿåò åíêîäåðó ïðèíèìàòü ðåøåíèå â çàâèñèìîñòè îò ñèãíàëà. Ëó÷øå îñòàâëÿòü çíà÷åíèå ïî óìîë÷àíèþ.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-p</TT></TD>
+<TD>Ïðîèçâîäèòü îïòèìèçàöèþ LPC. Ïåðåîïðåäåëÿåò ëþáóþ îïöèþ <TT>-q</TT>. Ñèëüíî çàìåäëÿåò ðàáîòó, è óìåíüøàåò ðàçìåð ôàéëà íà äîëþ ïðîöåíòà. <TT>-q</TT> íå ðàáîòàåò, êîãäà èñïîëüçóåòñÿ <TT>-l 0</TT>.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-r [#,]#</TT></TD>
+<TD>Óñòàíîâèòü <I>[min,]max</I> ïîðÿäîê ðàçäåëà. Åñëè ìèíèìàëüíîå çíà÷åíèå íå óêàçàíî, òî îíî óñòàíàâëèâàåòñÿ ðàâíûì 0. Ïî óìîë÷àíèþ åíêîäåð îäèí ïàðàìåòð Ðàéñà äëÿ âñåãî îñòàòêà ïîäôðåéìà. Åñëè èñïîëüçîâàòü ýòó îïöèþ, îñòàòîê áóäåò ðàçäåëÿòüñÿ íà <I>2^min#</I> ... <I>2^max</I> ÷àñòåé, äëÿ êàæäîé èç êîòîðûõ áóäåò îïðåäåëåí ñîáñòâåííûé ïàðàìåòð Ðàéñà. Ñ óâåëè÷åíèåì ïàðàìåòðà <I>max</I> âûèãðûø áóäåò âñå ìåíüøå. Íàèáîëåå îïòèìàëüíûé âàðèàíò äîñòèãàåòñÿ ïðè èñïîëüçîâàíèè <TT>-r 2,2</TT> (è áîëüøèõ çíà÷åíèé äëÿ áîëüøèõ ðàçìåðîâ áëîêîâ). Ïðè ýòîì ñæàòèå îáû÷íî óâåëè÷èâàåòñÿ íà 1.5%. Âûáîð îïòèìàëüíîãî çíà÷åíèÿ ìîæíî ïðîèçâåñòè ïî ôîðìóëå <TT>ðàçìåð_áëîêà/(2^n)=128</TT>. Ìàêñèìàëüíûé óðîâåíü ñæàòèÿ äîñòèãàåòñÿ ïðè èñïîëüçîâàíèè <TT>-r 0,16</TT>.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-R #</TT></TD>
+<TD>Óñòàíîâèòü ïðåäåëû ïîèñêà ïàðàìåòðà Ðàéñà. Ïî óìîë÷àíèþ 0. Êîäåð îñòàòêîâ áóäåò èñêàòü íàèëó÷øèé ïàðàìåòð Ðàéñà â óêàçàííîì ïðåäåëå äëÿ êàæäîãî ðàçäåëà îñòàòêîâ. Èñïîëüçîâàíèå ýòîé îïöèè íå äàåò áîëüøîãî âûèãðûøà, íî ñèëüíî çàìåäëÿåò ðàáîòó.  ðåçóëüòàòå, îïöèè <TT>-0</TT> ... <TT>-9</TT> íå èñïîëüçóþò åå.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-V</TT></TD>
+<TD>Ïðîâåðÿòü ïðîöåññ ñæàòèÿ.  äàííîì ñëó÷àå <B><TT>flac</TT></B> ñîçäàåò ïàðàëëåëüíûé äåêîäåð, ðàñêîäèðóþùèé âûõîä åíêîäåðà è ñðàâíèâàåò ðåçóëüòàò ñ îðèãèíàëîì. Åñëè áóäåò íàéäåíî íåñîîòâåòñòâèå, êîäèðîâàíèå ïðåêðàòèòñÿ. Âðåìÿ ðàáîòû ñ ýòîé îïöèåé óâåëè÷èâàåòñÿ, îäíàêî, ïðè ýòîì ãàðàíòèðóåòñÿ, ÷òî ôàéë áóäåò ïðàâèëüíî äåêîäèðîâàí.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD> </TD>
+<TD><TT>-S-</TT>, <TT>-m-</TT>, <TT>-V-</TT>, <TT>-e-</TT>, <TT>-E-</TT>, <TT>-p-</TT>, <TT>--lax-</TT>, <TT>--delete-input-file-</TT>, <TT>--sector-align</TT> èñïîëüçóþòñÿ äëÿ îòêëþ÷åíèÿ ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèõ îïöèé.</TD></TR>
+</TABLE>
+
+
+<H4>Íàñòðîéêè ôîðìàòà</H4>
+<TABLE border=1>
+
+<TR><TD width=15%><TT>-fb | -fl</TT></TD>
+<TD width=90%>Îïðåäåëÿåò ïîðÿäîê áàéòîâ â ôàéëå áåç çàãîëîâêà big-endian | little-endian.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-fc n</TT></TD>
+<TD>Îïðåäåëÿåò êîëè÷åñòâî êàíàëîâ â ôàéëå áåç çàãîëîâêà.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-fp n</TT></TD>
+<TD>Îïðåäåëÿåò êîëè÷åñòâî áèò íà ñýìïë â ôàéëå áåç çàãîëîâêà.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-fs n</TT></TD>
+<TD>Îïðåäåëÿåò êîëè÷åñòâî ñýìïëîâ â ñåêóíäó â ôàéëå áåç çàãîëîâêà.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-fu</TT></TD>
+<TD>Óêàçûâàåò, ÷òî ñýìïëû â ôàéëå áåç çàãîëîâêà áåççíàêîâûå (ïî óìîë÷àíèþ çíàêîâûå).</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-fr</TT></TD>
+<TD>Âîñïðèíèìàòü âõîäíîé (èëè âûõîäíîé ïðè äåêîäèðîâàíèè) ôàéë êàê raw ïîòîê ñýìïëîâ âíå çàâèñèìîñòè îò ñóôôèêñà.</TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD><TT>-fw</TT></TD>
+<TD>Âîñïðèíèìàòü âõîäíîé (èëè âûõîäíîé ïðè äåêîäèðîâàíèè) ôàéë êàê RIFF WAVE âíå çàâèñèìîñòè îò ñóôôèêñà.</TD></TR>
+</TABLE>
+
+
+<A NAME="metaflac">
+<H3><B><TT>metaflac</TT></B></H3>
+
+<P><B><TT>metaflac</TT></B> - ýòî ðåäàêòîð ìåòàäàííûõ, ðàáîòàþùèé èç êîìàíäíîé ñòðîêè. Ñåé÷àñ îí òîëüêî âûâîäèò ñîäåðæèìîå áëîêîâ ìåòàäàííûõ âî .flac ôàéëå, íî ñêîðî ñ åãî ïîìîùüþ ìîæíî áóäåò âñòàâëÿòü, óäàëÿòü è ðåäàêòèðîâàòü áëîêè.</P>
+
+<P>Cåé÷àñ <B><TT>metaflac</TT></B> âûçûâàåòñÿ òîëüêî îäíèì ñïîñîáîì:</P>
+
+<P><TT>metaflac [-v] âõîäíîé_ôàéë</TT></P>
+
+<P>Âõîäíûì_ôàéëîì ìîæåò áûòü "-" äëÿ ñòàíäàðòíîãî ââîäà (stdin). åñëè èñïîëüçîâàòü <TT>-v</TT>, áóäåò ïîëó÷åí áîëåå ïîäðîáíûé îò÷åò.</P>
+
+
+<A NAME="plugins"><A NAME="xmms_plugin">
+<H3>Ïëàãèí äëÿ XMMS</H3>
+
+<P>Äëÿ åãî óñòàíîâêè íåîáõîäèìî ñêîïèðîâàòü <TT>libxmms-flac.so</TT> â êàòàëîã, ãäå íàõîäÿòñÿ ïëàãèíû ââîäà XMMS (îáû÷íî <TT>/usr/lib/xmms/Input</TT>). Áîëüøå íè÷åãî íàñòðàèâàòü íå íàäî. Äëÿ âîñïðîèçâåäåíèÿ .flac ôàéëîâ ïåðåçàïóñòèòå XMMS.</P>
+
+
+<A NAME="winamp_plugin">
+<H3>Ïëàãèí äëÿ Winamp</H3>
+
+<P>Äëÿ åãî óñòàíîâêè íåîáõîäèìî ñêîïèðîâàòü <TT>in_flac.dll</TT> â êàòàëîã, ãäå íàõîäÿòñÿ ïëàãèíû ââîäà Winamp (îáû÷íî <TT>/Plugins</TT>). Áîëüøå íè÷åãî íàñòðàèâàòü íå íàäî. Äëÿ âîñïðîèçâåäåíèÿ .flac ôàéëîâ ïåðåçàïóñòèòå Winamp.</P>
+
+
+<A NAME="libflac">
+<H3><B><TT>libFLAC</TT></B></H3>
+
+<P>Áèáëèîòåêà <B><TT>libFLAC</TT></B> ÿâëÿåòñÿ ðåàëèçàöèåé íà C áàçîâîãî åíêîäåðà è äåêîäåðà. Èñïîëüçóÿ ýòó áèáëèîòåêó è íàïèñàâ íåìíîãî êîäà, ìîæíî äîáàâèòü ïîääåðæêó FLAC â ñâîþ ïðîãðàììó. Óñëîâèÿ ðàñïðîñòðàíåíèÿ - <A HREF="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lesser.html">LGPL</A>. Èñõîäíûå êîäû áèáëèîòåêè <B><TT>libFLAC</TT></B>, òàêæå êàê è êîíñîëüíîãî êîäåêà è ïëàãèíîâ äîñòóïíû, è ìîãóò ïîñëóæèòü õîðîøèì ïðèìåðîì äëÿ èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ.</P>
+
+<P><B><TT>libFLAC</TT></B> òðåáóåò ñòàíäàðòíóþ è ìàòåìàòè÷åñêóþ áèáëèîòåêè äëÿ ÿçûêà C. Ïîòîêè íå èñïîëüçóþòñÿ, îäíàêî, òàê êàê <B><TT>libFLAC</TT></B> íå èñïîëüçóåò ãëîáàëüíûå ïåðåìåííûå, áèáëèîòåêà äîëæíà áûòü thread-safe.</P>
+
+<P>Èíòåðôåéñ <B><TT>libFLAC</TT></B> îïèñàí â ïóáëè÷íûõ çàãîëîâî÷íûõ ôàéëàõ â êàòàëîãå include/FLAC. Äëÿ èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ ñêîìïèëèðîâàííîé áèáëèîòåêè íóæíû òîëüêî ïóáëè÷íûå çàãîëîâêè. Îáðàòèòå âíèìàíèå íà òî, ÷òî êîä èç src/libFLAC/, âêëþ÷àÿ çàùèùåííûå çàãîëîâî÷íûå ôàéëû èç src/libFLAC/include/ íå íóæåí.</P>
+
+<P>Â îñíîâíîì èñïîëüçîâàíèå <B><TT>libFLAC</TT></B> ñîñòîèò â ñëåäóþùåì:</P>
+
+<OL>
+ <LI>Ïðîãðàììà ñîçäàåò ýêçåìïëÿð åíêîäåðà èëè äåêîäåðà ñ ïîìîùüþ ôóíêöèé <TT>*_new()</TT>.</LI>
+
+ <LI>Ïðîãðàììà óñòàíàâëèâàåò ïàðàìåòðû ýêçåìïëÿðà è ïðåäîñòàâëÿåò åìó îáðàòíûå âûçîâû äëÿ ÷òåíèÿ, çàïèñè, ñîîáùåíèÿ îá îøèáêàõ è ðàáîòû ñ ìåòàäàííûìè ñ ïîìîùüþ ôóíêöèé <TT>*_set_*()</TT>.</LI>
+
+ <LI>Ïðîãðàììà èíèöèàëèçèðóåò ýêçåìïëÿð, ïðîâåðÿåò ïàðàìåòðû è ãîòîâèòñÿ ê êîäèðîâàíèþ/äåêîäèðîâàíèþ, èñïîëüçóÿ ôóíêöèè <TT>*_init()</TT>.</LI>
+
+ <LI>Ïðîãðàììà âûçûâàåò ôóíêöèè <TT>*_process_*()</TT> äëÿ êîäèðîâàíèÿ èëè äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ äàííûõ, êîòîðûå â ñâîþ î÷åðåäü äåëàþò îáðàòíûå âûçîâû.</LI>
+
+ <LI>Ïðîãðàììà çàâåðøàåò ðàáîòó ýêçåìïëÿðà ôóíêöèåé <TT>*_finish()</TT>, êîòîðàÿ ñáðàñûâàåò áóôåðû ââîäà è âûâîäà.</LI>
+
+ <LI>Ýêçåìïëÿð ìîæåò áûòü èñïîëüçîâàí ñíîâà ëèáî óäàëåí ôóíêöèåé <TT>*_delete()</TT>.</LI>
+
+</OL>
+
+<P>Äëÿ äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ <B><TT>libFLAC</TT></B> ïðåäîñòàâëÿåò äâà óðîâíÿ äîñòóïà. Íà íèæíåì óðîâíå íàõîäèòñÿ äåêîäåð ïîòîêîâ, à íà âåðõíåì - ôàéëîâ (ÿâëÿþùèéñÿ â ñâîþ î÷åðåäü îáîëî÷êîé äëÿ ïîòîêîâîãî äåêîäåðà). Èíòåðôåéñû îïèñàíû â ôàéëàõ <TT>stream_decoder.h</TT> è <TT>file_decoder.h</TT> ñîîòâåòñòâåííî. Ôàéëîâûé äåêîäåð ñàì îñóùåñòâëÿåò îáðàòíûå âûçîâû äëÿ ÷òåíèÿ è ïðåäîñòàâëÿåò ôóíêöèè ïîèñêà. Åíêîäåð ïîêà ÷òî ðåàëèçîâàí òîëüêî íà ïîòîêîâîì óðîâíå (<TT>stream_encoder.h</TT>).</P>
+
+<P>Ñòðóêòóðû è êîíñòàíòû, îòíîñÿùèåñÿ ê ôîðìàòó, îïðåäåëåíû â ôàéëå <TT>format.h</TT>.</P>
+
+
+<P><B>ÄÅÊÎÄÅÐ ÏÎÒÎÊÎÂ</B></P>
+
+<P>Ñíà÷àëà îáñóäèì äåêîäåð ïîòîêîâ. Òèï åãî ýêçåìïëÿðà <TT>FLAC__StreamDecoder</TT>. Îáû÷íî â ïðîãðàììå ýêçåìïëÿð ñîçäàåòñÿ âûçîâîì <TT>FLAC__stream_decoder_new()</TT> è èíèöèàëèçèðóåòñÿ <TT>FLAC__stream_decoder_init()</TT>. Ïðîãðàììà òàêæå ìîæåò ïðåäîñòàâëÿòü óêàçàòåëü client_data íà <TT>FLAC__stream_decoder_init()</TT>, êîòîðûé áóäåò èñïîëüçîâàòüñÿ äëÿ îáðàòíûõ âûçîâîâ.</P>
+
+<UL>
+ <LI>Îáðàòíûé âûçîâ äëÿ ÷òåíèÿ. Ýòà ôóíêöèÿ âûçûâàåòñÿ, êîãäà äåêîäåðó íåîáõîäèìû äàííûå.  êà÷åñòâå ïàðàìåòðîâ ïåðåäàåòñÿ àäðåñ áóôåðà, êîòîðûé íóæíî çàïîëíèòü, è åãî ðàçìåð â áàéòàõ. Îáðàòíûé âûçîâ ìîæåò âåðíóòü ìåíüøå äàííûõ è èçìåíèòü ñ÷åò÷èê áàéòîâ, íî íå äîëæåí ïåðåïîëíÿòü áóôåð. Êîä âîçâðàòà ïðè âûõîäå âûáèðàåòñÿ èç <TT>FLAC__StreamDecoderReadStatus</TT>.</LI>
+
+ <LI>Îáðàòíûé âûçîâ äëÿ çàïèñè. Ýòà ôóíêöèÿ âûçûâàåòñÿ ïîñëå äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ îäíîãî ôðåéìà äàííûõ. Äåêîäåð ïåðåäàñò ìåòàäàííûå ôðåéìà, à òàêæå ìàññèâ óêàçàòåëåé (ïî îäíîìó íà êàæäûé êàíàë) íà äåêîäèðîâàííûå äàííûå.</LI>
+
+ <LI>Îáðàòíûé âûçîâ äëÿ ðàáîòû ñ ìåòàäàííûìè. Ôóíêöèÿ âûçûâàåòñÿ ïîñëå ðàçáîðà áëîêà ìåòàäàííûõ. Äëÿ ïîòîêà âñåãäà äîëæåí ñóùåñòâîâàòü áëîê ìåòàäàííûõ <TT>STREAMINFO</TT>, çà êîòîðûì ìîæåò ñëåäîâàòü ïðîèçâîëüíîå êîëè÷åñòâî äðóãèõ áëîêîâ. Îíè áóäóò âîçâðàùåíû äåêîäåðîì â òîì æå ïîðÿäêå, â êàêîì îíè ðàñïîëîæåíû â ïîòîêå è âñåãäà ïåðåä ïåðâûì àóäèî ôðåéìîì.</LI>
+
+ <LI>Îáðàòíûé âûçîâ äëÿ ñîîáùåíèÿ îá îøèáêå. Ýòà ôóíêöèÿ âûçûâàåòñÿ, åñëè ïðè äåêîäèðîâàíèè ïðîèñõîäèò îøèáêà.</LI>
+</UL>
+
+<P>Êîãäà äåêîäåð èíèöèàëèçèðîâàí, ïðîãðàììà ìîæåò âûçâàòü îäíó èç ñëåäóþùèõ ôóíêöèé äëÿ äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ:</P>
+
+<UL>
+ <LI><B><TT>FLAC__stream_decoder_process_whole_stream()</TT></B> - Äåêîäåð íà÷èíàåò ðàáîòó è ïðîäîëæàåò îáðàáàòûâàòü ïîòîê ïîêà ôóíêöèÿ îáðàòíîãî âûçîâà ÷òåíèÿ íå ïåðåäàñò êîä <TT>FLAC__STREAM_DECODER_READ_END_OF_STREAM</TT> èëè <TT>FLAC__STREAM_DECODER_READ_ABORT</TT>.</LI>
+
+ <LI><B><TT>FLAC__stream_decoder_process_metadata()</TT></B> - Äåêîäåð îáðàáàòûâàåò ïîòîê äî ïåðâîãî àóäèî ôðåéìà.</LI>
+
+ <LI><B><TT>FLAC__stream_decoder_process_one_frame()</TT></B> - Äåêîäåðîâàòü òîëüêî îäèí ôðåéì. Ïåðåä âûçîâîì ýòîé ôóíêöèè âñå ìåòàäàííûå äîëæíû áûòü îáðàáîòàíû.</LI>
+
+ <LI><B><TT>FLAC__stream_decoder_process_remaining_frames()</TT></B> - Äåêîäèðîâàòü âñå îñòàâøèåñÿ ôðåéìû. Ïåðåä âûçîâîì ýòîé ôóíêöèè âñå ìåòàäàííûå äîëæíû áûòü îáðàáîòàíû. Ïåðåä âûçîâîì ýòîé ôóíöèè òàêæå ìîæåò âûçûâàòüñÿ <TT>FLAC__stream_decoder_process_one_frame()</TT>.</LI>
+</UL>
+
+<P>Êîãäà äåêîäåð çàêàí÷èâàåò ðàáîòó, ýêçåìïëÿð îáðàáàòûâàåòñÿ ôóíêöèåé <TT>FLAC__stream_decoder_finish()</TT>, êîòîðàÿ ïðîâåðÿåò ñîñòîÿíèå äåêîäåðà è îñâîáîæäàåò ïàìÿòü. Çàòåì ýêçåìïëÿð ìîæåò áûòü óäàëåí ôóíêöèåé <TT>FLAC__stream_decoder_delete()</TT> èëè èíèöèàëèçèðîâàí çàíîâî äëÿ äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ äðóãîãî ïîòîêà.</P>
+
+<P>Îáðàòèòå âíèìàíèå íà òî, ÷òî ïîòîêîâûé äåêîäåð íå èìååò ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ î ïîçèöèè â ïîòîêå, îí òîëüêî ïðåîáðàçîâûâàåò äàííûå. ×òîáû îñóùåñòâëÿòü ïîèñê â ïîòîêå ôóíêöèè îáðàòíîãî âûçîâà ìîãóò òîëüêî ñáðàñûâàòü äàííûå äåêîäåðà ôóíêöèåé <TT>FLAC__stream_decoder_flush()</TT> è íà÷èíàòü ïîäàâàòü äàííûå ñ íîâîé ïîçèöèè ñ ïîìîùüþ îáðàòíîãî âûçîâà äëÿ ÷òåíèÿ. Äåêîäåð ôàéëîâ ïîñòóïàåò èìåííî òàê.</P>
+
+
+<P><B>ÄÅÊÎÄÅÐ ÔÀÉËÎÂ</B></P>
+
+<P>Äåêîäåð ôàéëîâ - ýòî îáîëî÷êà äåêîäåðà ïîòîêîâ, ïðèçâàííàÿ óïðîñòèòü ïðîöåññ äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ ôàéëîâ. Òèï åãî ýêçåìïëÿðà - <TT>FLAC__FileDecoder</TT>. Îòëè÷èå îò ïîòîêîâîãî äåêîäåðà ñîñòîèò â òîì, ÷òî âìåñòî îáðàòíîãî âûçîâà äëÿ ÷òåíèÿ (êîòîðûé îáðàáàòûâàåò ñàì äåêîäåð) ïðè èíèöèàëèçàöèè óêàçûâàåòñÿ ïóòü ê ôàéëó. Îñòàëüíûå ôóíêöèè àíàëîãè÷íû ýêâèâàëåíòàì â äåêîäåðå ïîòîêîâ.</P>
+
+<P>Òàê êàê äåêîäåð ôàéëîâ ñàì óïðàâëÿåò âõîäíûìè äàííûìè, îí ìîæåò ïðåäîñòàâèòü è ïîèñê. Îí îñóùåñòâëÿåòñÿ ìåòîäîì <TT>FLAC__file_decoder_seek_absolute()</TT>.  ëþáîé ìîìåíò ïîñëå èíèöèàëèçàöèè äåêîäåðà ôàéëîâ ïðîãðàììà ìîæåò âûçâàòü ýòó ôóíêöèþ äëÿ ïîèñêà ñýìïëà â ôàéëå. Âïîñëåäñòâèè, ïðè ïåðâîì îáðàòíîì âûçîâå äëÿ çàïèñè îí áóäåò ñîäåðæàòü (âîçæîæíî íåïîëíûé) áëîê, íà÷èíàþùèéñÿ ñ ýòîãî ñýìïëà.</P>
+
+<P>Äåêîäåð ôàéëîâ òàêæå ïðåäîñòàâëÿåò ïðîâåðêó ïîäïèñè MD5. Åñëè ýòà âîçìîæíîñòü áóäåò âêëþ÷åíà ïåðåä èíèöèàëèçàöèåé, <TT>FLAC__file_decoder_finish()</TT> ñîîáùèò, åñëè ïîäïèñü MD5 ðàñïàêîâàííûõ äàííûõ íå ñîâïàäåò ñ ñîõðàíåííîé â áëîêå STREAMINFO. Ïðîâåðêà MD5 àâòîìàòè÷åñêè âûêëþ÷àåòñÿ, åñëè â áëîêå STREAMINFO íåò ïîäïèñè èëè ïðè ïîïûòêå îñóùåñòâëåíèÿ ïîèñêà.
+
+
+<P><B>ÅÍÊÎÄÅÐ ÏÎÒÎÊÎÂ</B></P>
+
+<P>Åíêîäåð ïîòîêîâ ðàáîòàåò àíàëîãè÷íî äåêîäåðó, îäíàêî èìååò ìåíüøå îáðàòíûõ âûçîâîâ è áîëüøå îïöèé. Òèï ýêçåìïëÿðà - <TT>FLAC__StreamEncoder</TT>. Äëÿ ñîçäàíèÿ íîâîãî ýêçåìïëÿðà â ïðîãðàììå íóæíî âûçâàòü ôóíêöèþ <TT>FLAC__stream_encoder_new()</TT>, à ÷òîáû ïðîèíèöèàëèçèðîâàòü åãî - <TT>FLAC__stream_encoder_init()</TT>.</P>
+
+<P> îòëè÷èå îò ïðîöåññà äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ êîäèðîâàíèå â ôîðìàò FLAC èìååò ìíîæåñòâî îïöèé, âëèÿþùèõ íà ñêîðîñòü è óðîâåíü ñæàòèÿ. Êîãäà ïðîãðàììà âûçûâàåò <TT>FLAC__stream_encoder_init()</TT>, åíêîäåð ïðîâåðÿåò çíà÷åíèÿ, ïîýòîìó íåîáõîäèìî óáåäèòüñÿ, ÷òî âîçâðàùåìîå ýòîé ôóíêöèåé çíà÷åíèå - <TT>FLAC__STREAM_ENCODER_OK</TT>. Äëÿ óñòàíîâêè ïàðàìåòðîâ íóæíî èìåòü íåêîòîðîå ïðåäñòàâëåíèå î ôîðìàòå (ñì. <A HREF="#format">îïèñàíèå ôîðìàòà äëÿ ïîëüçîâàòåëÿ</A> èëè åãî <A HREF="format.html">ôîðìàëüíîå îïèñàíèå</A>). Ñïèñîê íåîáõîäèìûõ ïàðàìåòðîâ ïðèâåäåí çäåñü:</P>
+
+<UL>
+ <LI><B><TT>streamable_subset</TT></B> - <TT>èñòèíà</TT>, åñëè íåîáõîäèìî, ÷òîáû âûõîä ñîîòâåòñòâîâàë ïîòîêîâîìó <A HREF="format.html#subset">ïîäìíîæåñòâó ôîðìàòà</A>, èíà÷å <TT>ëîæü</TT>.</LI>
+
+ <LI><B><TT>do_mid_side_stereo</TT></B> - <TT>èñòèíà</TT>, åñëè íóæíî èñïîëüçîâàòü óñðåäíåííîå êîäèðîâàíèå äëÿ ñòåðåî ïîòîêîâ. Çíà÷åíèå <TT>channels</TT> äîëæíî áûòü <TT>2</TT>.</LI>
+
+ <LI><B><TT>loose_mid_side_stereo</TT></B> - <TT>èñòèíà</TT>, ÷òîáû ïðèìåíèòü àäàïòèâíîå ïåðåêëþ÷åíèå ðåæèìà óñðåäíåííîãî êîäèðîâàíèÿ, èíà÷å ëîæü. <TT>do_mid_side_stereo</TT> äîëæíî áûòü èñòèíà.</LI>
+
+ <LI><B><TT>channels</TT></B> (êîëè÷åñòâî êàíàëîâ) - äîëæíî áûòü <= <TT>FLAC__MAX_CHANNELS</TT>.</LI>
+
+ <LI><B><TT>bits_per_sample</TT></B> - êîëè÷åñòâî áèòîâ íà ñýìïë.</LI>
+
+ <LI><B><TT>sample_rate</TT></B> (÷àñòîòà äèñêðåòèçàöèè) - äîëæíî áûòü <= <TT>FLAC__MAX_SAMPLE_RATE</TT>.</LI>
+
+ <LI><B><TT>blocksize</TT></B> (ðàçìåð áëîêà) - äîëæåí áûòü ìåæäó <TT>FLAC__MIN_BLOCKSIZE</TT> è <TT>FLAC__MAX_BLOCKSIZE</TT>.</LI>
+
+ <LI><B><TT>max_lpc_order</TT></B> (ìàêñèìàëüíûé ïîðÿäîê êîýôôèöèåíòîâ ëèíåéíîãî ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèÿ) - <TT>0</TT> óêàçûâàåò, ÷òî åíêîäåð íå äîëæåí èñïîëüçîâàòü LPC, à òîëüêî ïîñòîÿííûå ïðåäèêòîðû. Äîëæíî áûòü <= <TT>FLAC__MAX_LPC_ORDER</TT>.</LI>
+
+ <LI><B><TT>qlp_coeff_precision</TT></B> - äîëæíî áûòü >= <TT>FLAC__MIN_QLP_COEFF_PRECISION</TT>, èëè <TT>0</TT>, ÷òîáû åíêîäåð ìîã âûáèðàòü êîýôôèöèåíòû â çàâèñèìîñòè îò ðàçìåðà áëîêà. Â òåêóùåé ðåàëèçàöèè ñóììà <TT>qlp_coeff_precision</TT>+<TT>bits_per_sample</TT> äîëæíà áûòü < <TT>32</TT>.</LI>
+
+ <LI><B><TT>do_qlp_coeff_prec_search</TT></B> - <TT>ëîæü</TT>, ÷òîáû èñïîëüçîâàòü çàäàííîå çíà÷åíèå <TT>qlp_coeff_precision</TT>; <TT>èñòèíà</TT> äëÿ ïîèñêà è âûáîðà ëó÷øåãî çíà÷åíèÿ <TT>qlp_coeff_precision</TT>.</LI>
+
+ <LI><B><TT>do_escape_coding</TT></B> - èñòèíà, åñëè íóæíî èñêàòü óïðàâëÿþùèé êîä íà ñòàäèè êîäèðîâàíèÿ ýíòðîïèè äëÿ íåáîëüøîãî óâåëè÷åíèÿ óðîâíÿ ñæàòèÿ.</LI>
+
+ <LI><B><TT>do_exhaustive_model_search</TT></B> (ïðîèçâîäèòü ïîëíûé ïîèñê íàèëó÷øåé ìîäåëè) - <TT>ëîæü</TT>, to use estimated bits per residual for scoring; <TT>èñòèíà</TT> äëÿ ïåðåáîðà âñåõ âîçìîæíûõ âàðèàíòîâ è âûáîðà íàèëó÷øåãî.</LI>
+
+ <LI><B><TT>min_residual_partition_order</TT></B> (ìèíèìàëüíûé ïîðÿäîê ðàçäåëà îñòàòêîâ), <B><TT>max_residual_partition_order</TT></B> (ìàêñèìàëüíûé ïîðÿäîê ðàçäåëà îñòàòêîâ)= <TT>0</TT>, ÷òîáû îöåíèâàòü ïàðàìåòð Ðàéñà îñíîâûâàÿñü íà äèñïåðñèè îñòàòêîâ; > <TT>0</TT> äëÿ ðàçäåëåíèÿ îñòàòêîâ è îïðåäåëåíèÿ ïàðàìåòðà äëÿ êàæäîãî ðàçäåëà, îñíîâûâàÿñü íà ñðåäíåì. <TT>min_residual_partition_order</TT> è <TT>max_residual_partition_order</TT> îïðåäåëÿþò ìèíèìàëüíûé è ìàêñèìàëüíûé ïîðÿäîê ðàçäåëà Ðàéñà.</LI>
+
+ <LI><B><TT>rice_parameter_search_dist</TT></B> (èíòåðâàë äëÿ ïîèñêà ïàðàìåòðà Ðàéñà) - <TT>0</TT>, ÷òîáû èñïîëüçîâàòü òîëüêî âû÷èñëåííûé ïàðàìåòð <TT>k</TT>; èíà÷å ïûòàòüñÿ êîäèðîâàòü ñî âñåìè ïàðàìåòðàìè èç èíòåðâàëà [<TT>k</TT>-<TT>rice_parameter_search_dist</TT>..<TT>k</TT>+<TT>rice_parameter_search_dist</TT>] è âûáèðàòü ëó÷øèé âàðèàíò.</LI>
+
+ <LI><B><TT>total_samples_estimate</TT></B> (êîëè÷åñòâî ñýìïëîâ) - Ìîæåò ðàâíÿòüñÿ <TT>0</TT>, åñëè íåèçâåñòíî. Èíà÷å óêàçûâàåòñÿ êîëè÷åñòâî ñýìïëîâ, êîòîðîå íóæíî çàêîäèðîâàòü. Ýòî ïîçâîëÿåò ñîçäàâàòü áîëåå òî÷íûé áëîê <TT>STREAMINFO</TT> ïðè ïåðâîì æå ïðîõîäå â ñëó÷àå, êîãäà åíêîäåð íå ìîæåò âåðíóòüñÿ ê íà÷àëó âûâîäà, ÷òîáû îáíîâèòü áëîê <TT>STREAMINFO</TT>.</LI>
+
+ <LI><B><TT>seek_table</TT></B> (òàáëèöà äëÿ ïîèñêà) - ñîçäàòü íåîáÿçàòåëüíóþ òàáëèöó äëÿ ïîèñêà â ôàéëå. <TT>NULL</TT> óêàçûâàåò, ÷òî òàáëèöà íå íóæíà.</LI>
+
+ <LI><B><TT>padding</TT></B> (ðåçåðâèðîâàíèå ìåñòà) - ðàçìåð áëîêà <TT>PADDING</TT> (ñëåäóåò çà òàáëèöåé äëÿ ïîèñêà); <TT>0</TT> îçíà÷àåò, ÷òî áëîê <TT>PADDING</TT> äîáàâëÿòü íå íóæíî.</LI>
+</UL>
+
+<P>Ïðîãðàììà äîëæíà ïðåäîñòàâèòü <TT>FLAC__stream_encoder_init()</TT> àäðåñà äëÿ ñëåäóþùèõ îáðàòíûõ âûçîâîâ:</TT>
+
+<UL>
+ <LI>Îáðàòíûé âûçîâ äëÿ çàïèñè. Âûçûâàåòñÿ, êîãäà ïîÿâëÿþòñÿ çàêîäèðîâàííûå äàííûå äëÿ çàïèñè. Ýòî ìîãóò áûòü ìåòàäàííûå ñìåøàííûå ñ àóäèî ôðåéìàìè, ïðè÷åì íå ãàðàíòèðóåòñÿ, ÷òî äàííûå áóäóò âûðîâíåíû íà ãðàíèöó áëîêà ìåòàäàííûõ èëè ôðåéìà.</LI>
+
+ <LI>Îáðàòíûé âûçîâ äëÿ ðàáîòû ñ ìåòàäàííûìè. Âûçûâàåòñÿ îäíàæäû ïî çàâåðøåíèè êîäèðîâàíèÿ ñ populated ñòðóêòóðîé <TT>STREAMINFO</TT>. Ýòî íóæíî äëÿ òîãî, ÷òîáû åíêîäåðû ôàéëîâ ìîãëè âåðíóòüñÿ ê íà÷àëó ôàéëà è çàïèñàòü â áëîê <TT>STREAMINFO</TT> êîððåêòíûå äàííûå î êîäèðîâàíèè, íàïðèìåð ìèíèìàëüíûé è ìàêñèìàëüíûé ðàçìåð ôðåéìà.</LI>
+</UL>
+
+<P>Âûçîâ <TT>FLAC__stream_encoder_init()</TT> íåïîñðåäñòâåííî ïðîèçâîäèò îáðàòíûé âûçîâ äëÿ çàïèñè ñèãíàòóðû "fLaC" è âñåõ îïðåäåëåííûõ íà äàííûé ìîìåíò ìåòàäàííûõ.</P>
+
+<P>Ïîñëå èíèöèàëèçàöèè ýêçåìïëÿðà ïðîãðàììà ìîæåò ïåðåäàâàòü äàííûå åíêîäåðó äâóìÿ ñïîñîáàìè:</P>
+
+<UL>
+ <LI>Ðàçäåëåííûìè ïî êàíàëàì ÷åðåç <B><TT>FLAC__stream_encoder_process()</TT></B>.  ýòîì ñëó÷àå íóæíî îïðåäåëèòü ìàññèâ óêàçàòåëåé íà áóôôåðû îäèíàêîâîãî ðàçìåðà, ïî îäíîìó íà êàæäûé êàíàë. Âûðàâíèâàòü ñýìïëû íà ãðàíèöó áëîêà íå íóæíî.</LI>
+
+ <LI> ÷åðåäóþùèõñÿ êàíàëàõ ÷åðåç <B><TT>FLAC__stream_encoder_process_interleaved()</TT></B>. Ïðîãðàììà äîëæíà ïåðåäàòü îäèí óêàçàòåëü íà àóäèî äàííûå ñ ÷åðåäóþùèìèñÿ êàíàëàìè (íàïðèìåð, <TT>êàíàë0_ñýìïë0, êàíàë1_ñýìïë0, ... , êàíàëN_ñýìïë0, êàíàë0_ñýìïë1, ...</TT>). Äàííûå ìîãóò áûòü íå âûðîâíåíû íà ãðàíèöó áëîêà, íî äîëæíû áûòü âûðîâíåíû íà ãðàíèöó ñýìïëà, ò.å. ïåðâûì çíà÷åíèåì äîëæíî áûòü <TT>êàíàë0_ñýìïëX</TT>, à ïîñëåäíèì - <TT>êàíàëN_ñýìïëY</TT>.</LI>
+</UL>
+
+<P>Äëÿ çàâåðøåíèÿ êîäèðîâàíèÿ äàííûõ ïðîãðàììà âûçûâàåò ôóíêöèþ <TT>FLAC__stream_encoder_finish()</TT>, êîòîðàÿ êîäèðóåò îñòàâøèåñÿ äàííûå èç âõîäíîãî ïîòîêà è äåëàåò îáðàòíûé âûçîâ äëÿ ðàáîòû ñ ìåòàäàííûìè ñ êîððåêòíîé ñòàòèñòèêîé î ïðîöåññå êîäèðîâàíèÿ. Ýêçåìïëÿð ìîæåò áûòü óäàëåí ôóíêöèåé <TT>FLAC__stream_encoder_delete()</TT> èëè èíèöèàëèçèðîâàí ñíîâà äëÿ êîäèðîâàíèÿ íîâîãî ïîòîêà.</P>
+
+
+<P><B>ÐÀÇÍÎÅ</B></P>
+
+<P>Íåîáõîäèìî îòìåòèòü, ÷òî êîãäà ïåðåäàþòñÿ óêàçàòåëè íà àóäèî äàííûå, èõ ïîðÿäîê èìååò çíà÷åíèå òîëüêî äëÿ ñòåðåî ïîòîêîâ. Êàíàë <TT>0</TT> ñîîòâåòñòâóåò ëåâîìó êàíàëó, à <TT>1</TT> - ïðàâîìó.</P>
+
+
+<P><B>ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÅ</B></P>
+
+<P>Ïðîãðàììû, çàïèñûâàþùèå ñâîè áëîêè ìåòàäàííûõ <TT>APPLICATION</TT>, ìîãóò óêàçàòü åíêîäåðó, ÷òîáû îí çàïèñàë áëîê ìåòàäàííûõ <TT>PADDING</TT> íóæíîãî ðàçìåðà.  ýòîì ñëó÷àå âìåñòî ïåðåçàïèñè âñåãî ïîòîêà ïîñëå êîäèðîâàíèÿ ïðîãðàììà ñìîæåò ïðîñòî çàìåíèòü áëîê <TT>PADDING</TT> íà ñâîé. Åñëè èçâåñòåí òîëüêî ìàêñèìàëüíûé ðàçìåð áëîêà <TT>APPLICATION</TT>, ïðîãðàììà ìîæåò ñîçäàòü ðåçåðâíûé áëîê ÷óòü áîëüøåãî ðàçìåðà, à ïîñëå êîäèðîâàíèÿ ðàçäåëèòü åãî íà áëîêè <TT>APPLICATION</TT> è <TT>PADDING</TT>.</P>
+
+<P>Åñëè ðàçìåð áëîêà ìåòàäàííûõ <TT>APPLICATION</TT> èçâåñòåí çàðàíåå, ðàçìåð ðåçåðâèðóåìîé îáëàñòè ìîæåò áûòü ëåãêî âû÷åñëåí. Åñëè ðàçìåð áëîêà <TT>APPLICATION</TT> (íå âêëþ÷àÿ çàãîëîâîê áëîêà) ðàâåí <TT>N</TT> áàéòàì, òî ýêçåìïëÿðó FLAC__StreamEncoder ïåðåä èíèöèàëèçàöèåé íóæíî ïåðåäàòü çíà÷åíèå <TT>N+4</TT>. Ýòî íóæíî, ÷òîáû ó÷åñòü äîïîëíèòåëüíîå ìåñòî íåîáõîäèìîå äëÿ õðàíåíèÿ èäåíòèôèêàòîðà ïðèëîæåíèÿ.</P>
+
+<P>Êîãäà èçâåñòåí òîëüêî ìàêñèìàëüíûé ðàçìåð, ñêàæåì, <TT>N</TT> áàéò, íóæíî çàðåçåðâèðîâàòü <TT>N+8</TT> áàéò. ×åòûðå äëÿ ID ïðèëîæåíèÿ è ÷åòûðå äëÿ äîïîëíèòåëüíîãî áëîêà <TT>PADDING</TT>, êîòîðûé çàïîëíèò îñòàâøååñÿ ïðîñòðàíñòâî. Ïî îêîí÷àíèè êîäèðîâàíèÿ, êîãäà ðàçìåð áëîêà äàííûõ <TT>APPLICATION</TT> ñòàíîâèòñÿ èçâåñòíîé è ðàâíîé, äîïóñòèì, <TT>M</TT> áàéòàì, íà ìåñòî ïåðâîíà÷àëüíîãî áëîêà <TT>PADDING</TT> áóäåò çàïèñàí áëîê <TT>APPLICATION</TT> è áëîê <TT>PADDING</TT> äëèíîé <TT>N-M</TT> áàéòîâ.</P>
+
+
+<A NAME="bugs">
+<H3>Èçâåñòíûå îøèáêè</H3>
+
+<P>Îòñëåæèâàíèå îøèáîê âåäåòñÿ íà <A HREF="http://sourceforge.net/bugs/?group_id=13478">ýòîé</A> ñòðàíèöå ïðîåêòà, íàõîäÿùåéñÿ íà SourceForge. Åñëè Âû áóäåòå ñîîáùàòü îá îøèáêå, ïîæàëóéñòà, îñòàâüòå e-mail äëÿ êîíòàêòà.</P>
+
+<P> Copyright (c) 2001 Josh Coalson</P>
+
+</BODY>
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- ðóññêèé</A> </TD>\r
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-</TABLE></CENTER></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<CENTER><H2>FLAC: õàðàêòåðèñòèêè</H2></CENTER>\r
-\r
-<P>FLAC - ýòî àááðåâèàòóðà îò free lossless audio codec (ñâîáîäíûé êîäåê, îáåñïå÷èâàþùèé ñæàòèå áåç ïîòåðü). Ïðîåêò FLAC âêëþ÷àåò:</P>\r
-\r
-<P><BLOCKQUOTE><UL>\r
- <LI>ïîòîêîâûé ôîðìàò</LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>áèáëèîòåêó <B>libFLAC</B>, ðåàëèçóþùóþ áàçîâûé åíêîäåðû è äåêîäåðû.</LI>\r
-\r
- <LI><B>flac</B>, óòèëèòó êîìàíäíîé ñòðîêè, âûïîëíÿþùóþ ñæàòèå è ðàñïàêîâêó .flac ôàéëîâ.</LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>Ïëàãèíû äëÿ ðàçíûõ ïëåéåðîâ (Winamp, XMMS, âåäåòñÿ ðàáîòà íàä äðóãèìè).</LI>\r
-</UL></BLOCKQUOTE></P>\r
-\r
-<P>"Ñâîáîäà" îçíà÷àåò, ÷òî ñïåöèôèêàöèÿ ïîòîêîâîãî ôîðìàòà îòíîñèòñÿ ê êàòåãîðèè public domain (ïðîåêò FLAC îñòàâëÿåò çà ñîáîé ïðàâî óñòàíàâëèâàòü ñïåöèôèêàöèè è ñåðòèôèöèðîâàòü îòíîñÿùèåñÿ ê íåìó ïðîäóêòû íà ñîâìåñòèìîñòü), à òàêæå òî, ÷òî íè ôîðìàò, íè îäèí èç ðåàëèçîâàííûõ ìåòîäîâ êîäèðîâàíèÿ/äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ íå çàïàòåíòîâàíû. Ýòî òàêæå çíà÷èò, ÷òî èñõîäíèêè <B><TT>libFLAC</TT></B> äîñòóïíû ïî ëèöåíçèè LGPL, à èñõîäíèêè <B><TT>flac</TT></B> è ïëàãèíîâ - ïî GPL.</P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<P>Õàðàêòåðèñòèêè FLAC:</P>\r
-\r
-<P><BLOCKQUOTE><UL>\r
- <LI>Ôîðìàò FLAC è ìåòîäû êîäèðîâàíèÿ/äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ íå çàùèùåíû ïàòåíòàìè.</LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>FLAC ñæèìàåò ôàéëû áåç ïîòåðü. Êîäèðîâàíèå PCM äàííûõ íå ïðèâîäèò ê ïîòåðå èíôîðìàöèè, ñëåäîâàòåëüíî, äåêîäèðóåìûé àóäèîôàéë àáñîëþòíî èäåíòè÷åí òîìó, êîòîðûé áûë ïîäàí íà âõîä åíêîäåðó. ×òîáû îïðåäåëèòü âîçìîæíûå îøèáêè ïðè ïåðåäà÷å ôàéëà, äëÿ êàæäîãî ôðåéìà âû÷èñëÿåòñÿ 16-áèòíàÿ êîíòðîëüíàÿ ñóììà. Öåëîñòíîñòü íà äàëüíåéøåì ýòàïå ïîäòâåðæäàåòñÿ ïîäïèñüþ <A HREF="http://userpages.umbc.edu/~mabzug1/cs/md5/md5.html">MD5</A> ðàñïàêîâàííûõ äàííûõ, êîòîðàÿ íàõîäèòñÿ â çàãîëîâêå è ìîæåò áûòü ïðîâåðåíà ïðè âîñïðîèçâåäåíèè, äåêîäèðîâàíèè èëè ñ ïîìîùüþ òåñòèðîâàíèÿ.</LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>FLAC ðàçðàáîòàí äëÿ ñæàòèÿ àóäèîäàííûõ. Òåîðåòè÷åñêè, <B><TT>flac</TT></B> ìîæåò êîìïðåññèðîâàòü áåç ïîòåðü ëþáûå äðóãèå äàííûå (åñëè ïåðåäàâàòü èõ êàê 8-áèòíûé ìîíî raw-ôàéë), îäíàêî âûõîäíûå ôàéëû ïîëó÷àþòñÿ ïî÷òè òàêîãî æå ðàçìåðà.</LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>Âîçìîæíîñòè ñæàòèÿ âî FLAC ðàñøèðÿåìû. Ýòî îçíà÷àåò, ÷òî â áóäóùèõ âåðñèÿõ ôîðìàòà ìîãóò áûòü äîáàâëåíû íîâûå ìåòîäû áåç ïîòåðè îáðàòíîé ñîâìåñòèìîñòè.</LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>Ðåàëèçîâàííûå íà äàííûé ìîìåíò ìåòîäû êîìïðåññèè ñîçäàþò ïîòîêè ìåíüøåãî ðàçìåðà, ÷åì <A HREF="http://www.softsound.com/Shorten.html">Shorten</A> (êîäåê ñ îòêðûòûìè èñõîäíèêàìè, ÿâëÿþùèéñÿ òåêóùèì ñòàíäàðòîì ñæàòèÿ áåç ïîòåðü "ó íèõ"). Âðåìÿ êîäèðîâàíèÿ çàâèñèò îò ìåòîäà, íî îáû÷íî ñðàâíèìî ñ <A HREF="http://www.softsound.com/Shorten.html">Shorten</A> è <A HREF="http://www.mp3dev.org/mp3/">LAME</A>. Ñàìûå àêòèâíûå ìåòîäû ìîãóò ðàáîòàòü î÷åíü ìåäëåííî. Ïîäðîáíåå îá ýòîì ìîæíî ïîñìîòðåòü íà ñòðàíèöå <A HREF="comparison.html">ñðàâíåíèå.</A></LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>FLAC ðàññ÷èòàí íà áûñòðîå äåêîäèðîâàíèå. Äåêîäèðîâàíèå â ðåàëüíîì âðåìåíè ëåãêî äîñòèæèìî äàæå íà ñòàðûõ êîìïüþòåðàõ, òàê êàê äëÿ íåãî òðåáóåòñÿ òîëüêî öåëî÷èñëåííàÿ àðèôìåòèêà.</LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>FLAC óäîáíî èñïîëüçîâàòü äëÿ àðõèâàöèè, òàê êàê ñæàòèå ñ åãî ïîìîùüþ íå ïðèâîäèò ê ïîòåðå èíôîðìàöèè. Âû íå ïðèâÿçàíû ê ôîðìàòó. Åñëè â áóäóùåì Âû ðåøèòå èñïîëüçîâàòü äðóãîé ôîðìàò, äàííûå áóäóò âîññòàíîâëåíû èç .flac ôàéëà â ïåðâîíà÷àëüíîì âèäå. Êðîìå êîíòðîëüíîé ñóììû ôðåéìà è ïîäïèñè <A HREF="http://userpages.umbc.edu/~mabzug1/cs/md5/md5.html">MD5</A>, óòèëèòà <B><TT>flac</TT></B> èìååò âîçìîæíîñòü ïðîâåðêè, èñïîëüçîâàíèå êîòîðîé ïðèâîäèò ê òîìó, ÷òî êîäèðóåìûé ïîòîê ñðàçó æå äåêîäèðóåòñÿ è ñðàâíèâàåòñÿ ñ èñõîäíûì. Åñëè ïðîèñõîäèò îøèáêà, åíêîäåð ïðåêðàùàåò ðàáîòó.</LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>FLAC - ïîòîêîâûé ôîðìàò. Ýòî çíà÷èò, ÷òî êàæäûé ôðåéì ñîäåðæèò äîñòàòî÷íî èíôîðìàöèè äëÿ ñîáñòâåííîãî äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ. Òåêóùèé ôðåéì FLAC íå çàâèñèò îò ïðåäûäóùèõ è ïîñëåäóþùèõ. FLAC èñïîëüçóåò êîäû ñèíõðîíèçàöèè è êîíòðîëüíûå ñóììû, ÷òî ïîçâîëÿåò äåêîäåðó áûñòðî âûáèðàòü ïîçèöèþ â òåêóùåì ïîòîêå.</LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>FLAC ïîääåðæèâàåò áûñòðûé è òî÷íûé ïîèñê, ÷òî ïîëåçíî íå òîëüêî ïðè âîñïðîèçâåäåíèè, íî è äàåò âîçìîæíîñòü èñïîëüçîâàòü FLAC â çâóêîâûõ ðåäàêòîðàõ.</LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>FLAC èìååò ðàñøèðÿåìóþ ñèñòåìó ìåòàäàííûõ. Íîâûå áëîêè ìåòàäàííûõ ìîãóò áûòü îïðåäåëåíû è ðåàëèçîâàíû â áóäóùèõ âåðñèÿõ áåç ïîòåðè îáðàòíîé ñîâìåñòèìîñòè. Ïðèëîæåíèå ìîæåò èñïîëüçîâàòü áëîê ìåòàäàííûõ <A HREF="format.html#def_APPLICATION"><TT>APPLICATION</TT></A> ïîñëå ðåãèñòðàöèè äëÿ íåãî id. Äîáàâëåííûå òýãè ID3 è ID3v2 ê .flac ôàéëàì íå âëèÿþò íà ïîöåññ äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ.</LI>\r
-</UL></BLOCKQUOTE></P>\r
-\r
-<P>Íåêîòîðûå äîïîëíèòåëüíûå ïðåèìóùåñòâà, âûòåêàþùèå èç ïðèâåäåííûõ âûøå õàðàêòåðèñòèê:</P>\r
-\r
-<BLOCKQUOTE><P><UL>\r
- <LI>Ïîòîêè FLAC ìîãóò áûòü âîñïðîèçâåäåíû ñëèòíî, áåç ïàóç ìåæäó òðåêàìè. Òàêèì îáðàçîì, Âû ìîæåòå ñæàòü êîíöåðòíûé àëüáîì, ðàçäåëåííûé íà òðåêè, è äîáèòüñÿ åãî íåïðåðûâíîãî âîñïðîèçâåäåíèÿ.</LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>Ìåõàíèçì òî÷íîãî ïîèñêà ïîçâîëÿåò îðãàíèçîâûâàòü ðàçëè÷íûå ðåæèìû âîñïðîèçâåäåíèÿ: â ïëåéåðå ìîæíî ñäåëàòü èíäåêñíûé ïîèñê, ðàçëè÷íûå öèêëû èëè äðóãèå âèäû ñòðóêòóðèðîâàííîãî âîñïðîèçâåäåíèÿ. Ýòî î÷åíü ïîëåçíî, íàïðèìåð, äëÿ dj'åâ èëè äëÿ ðåïåòèöèé, êîãäà íóæíî ïîâòîðÿòü îïðåäåëåííûå ïàññàæè.</LI>\r
-\r
- <LI> èòîãå âû ïîëó÷àåòå ãèáêîñòü wav-ôàéëà â ñæàòîì ïîòîêîâîì ôîðìàòå.</LI>\r
-</UL></BLOCKQUOTE></P>\r
-\r
-<P>×åãî <B>íåò</B> âî FLAC?</P>\r
-\r
-<P><BLOCKQUOTE><UL>\r
- <LI>FLAC íå îñóùåñòâëÿåò ñæàòèå ñ ïîòåðÿìè. Äëÿ ýòîãî ñóùåñòâóåò ìíîãî õîðîøèõ ôîðìàòîâ, òàêèõ êàê <A HREF="http://www.mp3-tech.org/">mp3</A> (îòëè÷íàÿ ðåàëèçàöèÿ ñ îòêðûòèìè èñõîäíèêàìè <A HREF="http://www.mp3dev.org/mp3/">LAME</A>) è <A HREF="http://www.vorbis.com">Ogg Vorbis</A>.</LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>FLAC íå áóäåò SDMI ñîâìåñòèìûì è ò.ï. Ïåðåä ïðîåêòîì íå ñòîèò öåëè ïîääåðæèâàòü ìåòîäû çàùèòû, êîòîðûå íà ïðàêòèêå ëèøü óâåëè÷èâàþò îáúåì ôàéëà. Êîíå÷íî, ìû íå ñîáèðàåìñÿ ïðåïÿòñòâîâàòü êîìó-ëèáî ñîçäàâàòü ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèå áëîêè ìåòàäàííûõ, îäíàêî, ñòàíäàðòíûå äåêîäåðû âñå ðàâíî áóäóò èõ ïðîïóñêàòü.</LI>\r
-</UL></BLOCKQUOTE></B>\r
-\r
-<P> Copyright (c) 2001 Josh Coalson</P>\r
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+<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>
+</TABLE></CENTER>
+
+<P><CENTER><TABLE cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0>
+<TR><TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD height=22 align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="../features.html">english</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ ðóññêèé</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>
+</TABLE></CENTER></P>
+
+
+<CENTER><H2>FLAC: õàðàêòåðèñòèêè</H2></CENTER>
+
+<P>FLAC - ýòî àááðåâèàòóðà îò free lossless audio codec (ñâîáîäíûé êîäåê, îáåñïå÷èâàþùèé ñæàòèå áåç ïîòåðü). Ïðîåêò FLAC âêëþ÷àåò:</P>
+
+<P><BLOCKQUOTE><UL>
+ <LI>ïîòîêîâûé ôîðìàò</LI>
+
+ <LI>áèáëèîòåêó <B>libFLAC</B>, ðåàëèçóþùóþ áàçîâûé åíêîäåðû è äåêîäåðû.</LI>
+
+ <LI><B>flac</B>, óòèëèòó êîìàíäíîé ñòðîêè, âûïîëíÿþùóþ ñæàòèå è ðàñïàêîâêó .flac ôàéëîâ.</LI>
+
+ <LI>Ïëàãèíû äëÿ ðàçíûõ ïëåéåðîâ (Winamp, XMMS, âåäåòñÿ ðàáîòà íàä äðóãèìè).</LI>
+</UL></BLOCKQUOTE></P>
+
+<P>"Ñâîáîäà" îçíà÷àåò, ÷òî ñïåöèôèêàöèÿ ïîòîêîâîãî ôîðìàòà îòíîñèòñÿ ê êàòåãîðèè public domain (ïðîåêò FLAC îñòàâëÿåò çà ñîáîé ïðàâî óñòàíàâëèâàòü ñïåöèôèêàöèè è ñåðòèôèöèðîâàòü îòíîñÿùèåñÿ ê íåìó ïðîäóêòû íà ñîâìåñòèìîñòü), à òàêæå òî, ÷òî íè ôîðìàò, íè îäèí èç ðåàëèçîâàííûõ ìåòîäîâ êîäèðîâàíèÿ/äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ íå çàïàòåíòîâàíû. Ýòî òàêæå çíà÷èò, ÷òî èñõîäíèêè <B><TT>libFLAC</TT></B> äîñòóïíû ïî ëèöåíçèè LGPL, à èñõîäíèêè <B><TT>flac</TT></B> è ïëàãèíîâ - ïî GPL.</P>
+
+
+<P>Õàðàêòåðèñòèêè FLAC:</P>
+
+<P><BLOCKQUOTE><UL>
+ <LI>Ôîðìàò FLAC è ìåòîäû êîäèðîâàíèÿ/äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ íå çàùèùåíû ïàòåíòàìè.</LI>
+
+ <LI>FLAC ñæèìàåò ôàéëû áåç ïîòåðü. Êîäèðîâàíèå PCM äàííûõ íå ïðèâîäèò ê ïîòåðå èíôîðìàöèè, ñëåäîâàòåëüíî, äåêîäèðóåìûé àóäèîôàéë àáñîëþòíî èäåíòè÷åí òîìó, êîòîðûé áûë ïîäàí íà âõîä åíêîäåðó. ×òîáû îïðåäåëèòü âîçìîæíûå îøèáêè ïðè ïåðåäà÷å ôàéëà, äëÿ êàæäîãî ôðåéìà âû÷èñëÿåòñÿ 16-áèòíàÿ êîíòðîëüíàÿ ñóììà. Öåëîñòíîñòü íà äàëüíåéøåì ýòàïå ïîäòâåðæäàåòñÿ ïîäïèñüþ <A HREF="http://userpages.umbc.edu/~mabzug1/cs/md5/md5.html">MD5</A> ðàñïàêîâàííûõ äàííûõ, êîòîðàÿ íàõîäèòñÿ â çàãîëîâêå è ìîæåò áûòü ïðîâåðåíà ïðè âîñïðîèçâåäåíèè, äåêîäèðîâàíèè èëè ñ ïîìîùüþ òåñòèðîâàíèÿ.</LI>
+
+ <LI>FLAC ðàçðàáîòàí äëÿ ñæàòèÿ àóäèîäàííûõ. Òåîðåòè÷åñêè, <B><TT>flac</TT></B> ìîæåò êîìïðåññèðîâàòü áåç ïîòåðü ëþáûå äðóãèå äàííûå (åñëè ïåðåäàâàòü èõ êàê 8-áèòíûé ìîíî raw-ôàéë), îäíàêî âûõîäíûå ôàéëû ïîëó÷àþòñÿ ïî÷òè òàêîãî æå ðàçìåðà.</LI>
+
+ <LI>Âîçìîæíîñòè ñæàòèÿ âî FLAC ðàñøèðÿåìû. Ýòî îçíà÷àåò, ÷òî â áóäóùèõ âåðñèÿõ ôîðìàòà ìîãóò áûòü äîáàâëåíû íîâûå ìåòîäû áåç ïîòåðè îáðàòíîé ñîâìåñòèìîñòè.</LI>
+
+ <LI>Ðåàëèçîâàííûå íà äàííûé ìîìåíò ìåòîäû êîìïðåññèè ñîçäàþò ïîòîêè ìåíüøåãî ðàçìåðà, ÷åì <A HREF="http://www.softsound.com/Shorten.html">Shorten</A> (êîäåê ñ îòêðûòûìè èñõîäíèêàìè, ÿâëÿþùèéñÿ òåêóùèì ñòàíäàðòîì ñæàòèÿ áåç ïîòåðü "ó íèõ"). Âðåìÿ êîäèðîâàíèÿ çàâèñèò îò ìåòîäà, íî îáû÷íî ñðàâíèìî ñ <A HREF="http://www.softsound.com/Shorten.html">Shorten</A> è <A HREF="http://www.mp3dev.org/mp3/">LAME</A>. Ñàìûå àêòèâíûå ìåòîäû ìîãóò ðàáîòàòü î÷åíü ìåäëåííî. Ïîäðîáíåå îá ýòîì ìîæíî ïîñìîòðåòü íà ñòðàíèöå <A HREF="comparison.html">ñðàâíåíèå.</A></LI>
+
+ <LI>FLAC ðàññ÷èòàí íà áûñòðîå äåêîäèðîâàíèå. Äåêîäèðîâàíèå â ðåàëüíîì âðåìåíè ëåãêî äîñòèæèìî äàæå íà ñòàðûõ êîìïüþòåðàõ, òàê êàê äëÿ íåãî òðåáóåòñÿ òîëüêî öåëî÷èñëåííàÿ àðèôìåòèêà.</LI>
+
+ <LI>FLAC óäîáíî èñïîëüçîâàòü äëÿ àðõèâàöèè, òàê êàê ñæàòèå ñ åãî ïîìîùüþ íå ïðèâîäèò ê ïîòåðå èíôîðìàöèè. Âû íå ïðèâÿçàíû ê ôîðìàòó. Åñëè â áóäóùåì Âû ðåøèòå èñïîëüçîâàòü äðóãîé ôîðìàò, äàííûå áóäóò âîññòàíîâëåíû èç .flac ôàéëà â ïåðâîíà÷àëüíîì âèäå. Êðîìå êîíòðîëüíîé ñóììû ôðåéìà è ïîäïèñè <A HREF="http://userpages.umbc.edu/~mabzug1/cs/md5/md5.html">MD5</A>, óòèëèòà <B><TT>flac</TT></B> èìååò âîçìîæíîñòü ïðîâåðêè, èñïîëüçîâàíèå êîòîðîé ïðèâîäèò ê òîìó, ÷òî êîäèðóåìûé ïîòîê ñðàçó æå äåêîäèðóåòñÿ è ñðàâíèâàåòñÿ ñ èñõîäíûì. Åñëè ïðîèñõîäèò îøèáêà, åíêîäåð ïðåêðàùàåò ðàáîòó.</LI>
+
+ <LI>FLAC - ïîòîêîâûé ôîðìàò. Ýòî çíà÷èò, ÷òî êàæäûé ôðåéì ñîäåðæèò äîñòàòî÷íî èíôîðìàöèè äëÿ ñîáñòâåííîãî äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ. Òåêóùèé ôðåéì FLAC íå çàâèñèò îò ïðåäûäóùèõ è ïîñëåäóþùèõ. FLAC èñïîëüçóåò êîäû ñèíõðîíèçàöèè è êîíòðîëüíûå ñóììû, ÷òî ïîçâîëÿåò äåêîäåðó áûñòðî âûáèðàòü ïîçèöèþ â òåêóùåì ïîòîêå.</LI>
+
+ <LI>FLAC ïîääåðæèâàåò áûñòðûé è òî÷íûé ïîèñê, ÷òî ïîëåçíî íå òîëüêî ïðè âîñïðîèçâåäåíèè, íî è äàåò âîçìîæíîñòü èñïîëüçîâàòü FLAC â çâóêîâûõ ðåäàêòîðàõ.</LI>
+
+ <LI>FLAC èìååò ðàñøèðÿåìóþ ñèñòåìó ìåòàäàííûõ. Íîâûå áëîêè ìåòàäàííûõ ìîãóò áûòü îïðåäåëåíû è ðåàëèçîâàíû â áóäóùèõ âåðñèÿõ áåç ïîòåðè îáðàòíîé ñîâìåñòèìîñòè. Ïðèëîæåíèå ìîæåò èñïîëüçîâàòü áëîê ìåòàäàííûõ <A HREF="format.html#def_APPLICATION"><TT>APPLICATION</TT></A> ïîñëå ðåãèñòðàöèè äëÿ íåãî id. Äîáàâëåííûå òýãè ID3 è ID3v2 ê .flac ôàéëàì íå âëèÿþò íà ïîöåññ äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ.</LI>
+</UL></BLOCKQUOTE></P>
+
+<P>Íåêîòîðûå äîïîëíèòåëüíûå ïðåèìóùåñòâà, âûòåêàþùèå èç ïðèâåäåííûõ âûøå õàðàêòåðèñòèê:</P>
+
+<BLOCKQUOTE><P><UL>
+ <LI>Ïîòîêè FLAC ìîãóò áûòü âîñïðîèçâåäåíû ñëèòíî, áåç ïàóç ìåæäó òðåêàìè. Òàêèì îáðàçîì, Âû ìîæåòå ñæàòü êîíöåðòíûé àëüáîì, ðàçäåëåííûé íà òðåêè, è äîáèòüñÿ åãî íåïðåðûâíîãî âîñïðîèçâåäåíèÿ.</LI>
+
+ <LI>Ìåõàíèçì òî÷íîãî ïîèñêà ïîçâîëÿåò îðãàíèçîâûâàòü ðàçëè÷íûå ðåæèìû âîñïðîèçâåäåíèÿ: â ïëåéåðå ìîæíî ñäåëàòü èíäåêñíûé ïîèñê, ðàçëè÷íûå öèêëû èëè äðóãèå âèäû ñòðóêòóðèðîâàííîãî âîñïðîèçâåäåíèÿ. Ýòî î÷åíü ïîëåçíî, íàïðèìåð, äëÿ dj'åâ èëè äëÿ ðåïåòèöèé, êîãäà íóæíî ïîâòîðÿòü îïðåäåëåííûå ïàññàæè.</LI>
+
+ <LI> èòîãå âû ïîëó÷àåòå ãèáêîñòü wav-ôàéëà â ñæàòîì ïîòîêîâîì ôîðìàòå.</LI>
+</UL></BLOCKQUOTE></P>
+
+<P>×åãî <B>íåò</B> âî FLAC?</P>
+
+<P><BLOCKQUOTE><UL>
+ <LI>FLAC íå îñóùåñòâëÿåò ñæàòèå ñ ïîòåðÿìè. Äëÿ ýòîãî ñóùåñòâóåò ìíîãî õîðîøèõ ôîðìàòîâ, òàêèõ êàê <A HREF="http://www.mp3-tech.org/">mp3</A> (îòëè÷íàÿ ðåàëèçàöèÿ ñ îòêðûòèìè èñõîäíèêàìè <A HREF="http://www.mp3dev.org/mp3/">LAME</A>) è <A HREF="http://www.vorbis.com">Ogg Vorbis</A>.</LI>
+
+ <LI>FLAC íå áóäåò SDMI ñîâìåñòèìûì è ò.ï. Ïåðåä ïðîåêòîì íå ñòîèò öåëè ïîääåðæèâàòü ìåòîäû çàùèòû, êîòîðûå íà ïðàêòèêå ëèøü óâåëè÷èâàþò îáúåì ôàéëà. Êîíå÷íî, ìû íå ñîáèðàåìñÿ ïðåïÿòñòâîâàòü êîìó-ëèáî ñîçäàâàòü ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèå áëîêè ìåòàäàííûõ, îäíàêî, ñòàíäàðòíûå äåêîäåðû âñå ðàâíî áóäóò èõ ïðîïóñêàòü.</LI>
+</UL></BLOCKQUOTE></B>
+
+<P> Copyright (c) 2001 Josh Coalson</P>
+
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-<CENTER><H2>FLAC: ôîðìàò</H2></CENTER>\r
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-<H3>Ôîðìàò</H3>\r
-\r
-<P>Çäåñü ïðèâåäåíî ïîëíîå îïèñàíèå ôîðìàòà FLAC. Ôîðìàò ñåé÷àñ íàõîäèòñÿ íà ñòàäèè áåòà-òåñòèðîâàíèÿ. Ýòî çíà÷èò, ÷òî èçìåíåíèÿ, íàðóøàþùèå îáðàòíóþ ñîâìåñòèìîñòü, áóäóò âíîñèòüñÿ òîëüêî â ñëó÷àå îáíàðóæåíèÿ ñåðüçíûõ îøèáîê â ôîðìàòå. Äî ïåðâîãî îôèöèàëüíîãî ðåëèçà ëó÷øå âîçäåðæàòüñÿ îò èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ FLAC äëÿ äîëãîâðåìåííîãî àðõèâèðîâàíèÿ äàííûõ.</P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<H4>Îò àâòîðà</H4>\r
-\r
-<P>Âî-ïåðâûõ, êàê îñíîâíîé ðàçðàáîò÷èê, ÿ äîëæåí îòìåòèòü, ÷òî íå ÿâëÿþñü ýêñïåðòîì â îáëàñòè ñæàòèÿ, ïîýòîìó ÷óâñòâóþ ñåáÿ îáÿçàííûì ïîáëàãîäàðèòü ìíîãèõ ëþäåé, ðàáîòàâøèõ íàä óëó÷øåíèåì àëãîðèòìîâ êîìïðåññèè àóäèîäàííûõ. Îòäåëüíóþ áëàãîäàðíîñòü ÿ âûðàæàþ:</P>\r
-\r
-<P><BLOCKQUOTE>\r
-<LI><A HREF="http://svr-www.eng.cam.ac.uk/~ajr/">Ý. Ðîáèíñîíó</A> çà ðàáîòó íàä Shorten. Åãî êîä è ñòàòüÿ ïîñëóæèëè îòïðàâíîé òî÷êîé äëÿ íåñêîëüêèõ îñíîâíûõ ìåòîäîâ, çàëîæåííûõ âî FLAC. FLAC ðàçâèë èäåþ ïîñòîÿííûõ ïðåäèêòîðîâ, èñïîëüçóåìóþ â Shorten.</LI>\r
-\r
-<LI><A HREF="http://commsci.usc.edu/faculty/golomb.html">Ñ. Ãîëîìáó</A> è Ðîáåðòó Ðàéñó. Èõ óíèâåðñàëüíûå êîäû èñïîëüçóþòñÿ êîäåðîì ýíòðîïèè.</LI>\r
-\r
-<LI>Í. Ëåâèíñîíó è Äæ. Äàðáèíó. Áàçîâûé åíêîäåð èñïîëüçóåò ðàçðàáîòàííûé è óëó÷øåííûé èìè àëãîðèòì äëÿ îïðåäåëåíèÿ LPC êîýôôèöèåíòîâ èç êîýôôèöèåíòîâ àâòîêîððåëÿöèè.</LI>\r
-\r
-<LI>È, êîíå÷íî æå, <A HREF="http://www.digitalcentury.com/encyclo/update/shannon.html">Ê. Øåííîíó.</A></LI>\r
-</BLOCKQUOTE></P>\r
-\r
-<P>--Äæîø Êîëñîí</P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<a name="scope">\r
-<H4><u>Îáëàñòü ïðèìåíåíèÿ</u></H4>\r
-\r
-<P>Îáùåèçâåñòíî, ÷òî íåò àëãîðèòìà, ñïîñîáíîãî ñæàòü áåç ïîòåðü âõîäíûå äàííûå ëþáîãî òèïà. Áîëüøèíñòâî àðõèâàòîðîâ ïîçèöèîíèðóþòñÿ äëÿ ðàáîòû ñ äàííûìè îïðåäåëåííîãî âèäà è îïòèìèçèðóþòñÿ äëÿ ýòîé îáëàñòè. FLAC ïðåäíàçíà÷åí äëÿ ñæàòèÿ àóäèîäàííûõ. Íåñìîòðÿ íà òî, ÷òî îí ìîæåò ñæàòü áåç ïîòåðü äàííûå ëþáîãî òèïà, òîëüêî îïðåäåëåííûé ââîä àðõèâèðóåòñÿ õîðîøî. FLAC èñïîëüçóåò òîò ôàêò, ÷òî îáû÷íî àóäèîäàííûå èìåþò âûñîêèé ïîðÿäîê êîððåëÿöèè ìåæäó ñýìïëàìè.</P>\r
-\r
-<P> îáëàñòè àóäèî ñóùåñòâóåò ìíîæåñòâî âîçìîæíûõ ïîäðàçäåëîâ. Íàïðèìåð, ðå÷ü ñ íèçêèì áèòðåéòîì, ìíîãîêàíàëüíàÿ ìóçûêà ñ âûñîêîé ÷àñòîòîé äèñêðåòèçàöèè è ò.ä. FLAC íå íàöåëåí íà êàêîé-ëèáî ïîäðàçäåë, îäíàêî áîëüøèíñòâî ïàðàìåòðîâ ïî óìîë÷àíèþ áàçîâîãî åíêîäåðà ðàññ÷èòàíû íà CD-àóäèî (ò.å. 44.1êÃö, 2 êàíàëà, 16 áèò íà ñýìïë). Âëèÿíèå ïàðàìåòðîâ êîäèðîâàíèÿ íà ðàçíûå òèïû àóäèî áóäåò ðàññìîòðåíî ïîçæå.</P>\r
-\r
-<a name="architecture">\r
-<H4><u>Àðõèòåêòóðà</u></H4>\r
-\r
-<P>Ïîäîáíî áîëüøèíñòâó ïðîãðàìì ïîäáíîãî ðîäà, åíêîäåð FLAC âûïîëíÿåò ñëåäóþùèå äåéñòâèÿ:</P>\r
-\r
-<P><BLOCKQUOTE>\r
-<LI><A HREF="format.html#blocking">Ðàçáèåíèå íà áëîêè</A>. Ââîä ðàçáèâàåòñÿ íà ìíîæåñòâî ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíûõ áëîêîâ, êîòîðûå ìîãóò èìåòü ðàçëè÷íûé ðàçìåð. Îïòèìàëüíûé ðàçìåð áëîêà îáû÷íî çàâèñèò îò ìíîãèõ ôàêòîðîâ, òàêèõ êàê ÷àñòîòà äèñêåòèçàöèè, ñïåêòðàëüíàÿ õàðàêòåðèñòèêà âî âðåìåíè è ò.ä. Íåñìîòðÿ íà òî, ÷òî ôîðìàò FLAC ïîçâîëÿåò èñïîëüçîâàòü â ïîòîêå áëîêè ðàçëè÷íîãî ðàçìåðà, áàçîâûé åíêîäåð èñïîëüçóåò ïîñòîÿííûé ðàçìåð.</LI>\r
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-<LI><A HREF="format.html#interchannel">Ìåæêàíàëüíàÿ äåêîððåëÿöèÿ</A>.  ñëó÷àå ñòåðåîïîòîêîâ åíêîäåð ñîçäàåò ñðåäíèé è ðàçíîñòíûé ñèãíàëû, îñíîâàííûå íà ñðåäíåì çíà÷åíèè ìåæäó ëåâûì è ïðàâûì êàíàëàìè è èõ ðàçíîñòè ñîîòâåòñòâåííî. Íà ñëåäóþùèé ýòàï êîäèðîâàíèÿ ïåðåäàåòñÿ ëó÷øèé èç âàðèàíòîâ ñæàòîãî ñèãíàëà.</LI>\r
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-<LI><A HREF="format.html#prediction">Ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèå</A>. Äàëåå åíêîäåð ïûòàåòñÿ íàéòè ìàòåìàòè÷åñêîå îïèñàíèå ñèãíàëà (îáû÷íî ïðèáëèçèòåëüíîå). Çà÷àñòóþ îíî çíà÷èòåëüíî ìåíüøå ñàìîãî ñèãíàëà. Òàê êàê ìåòîäû ïðåäñêàçàíèÿ èçâåñòíû è êîäåðó, è äåêîäåðó â ïîòîêå íóæíî óêàçàòü òîëüêî ïàðàìåòðû ïðåäèêòîðà. Ñåé÷àñ FLAC èñïîëüçóåò ÷åòûðå ðàçëè÷íûõ êëàññà ïðåäèêòîðîâ (îïèñàííûõ â ðàçäåëå <A HREF="format.html#prediction">Ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèå</A>), íî â ôîðìàòå ïðåäóñìîòðåíî ìåñòî äëÿ äîïîëíèòåëüíûõ ìåòîäîâ. FLAC äîïóñêàåò èçìåíåíèå êëàññà ïðåäèêòîðà îò áëîêà ê áëîêó è äàæå â ïðåäåëàõ êàíàëà â áëîêå.</LI>\r
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-<LI><A HREF="format.html#residualcoding">Êîäèðîâàíèå îñòàòêîâ</A>. Åñëè ïðåäèêòîð íå îïèñûâàåò ñèãíàë òî÷íî, ðàçíèöà ìåæäó îðèãèíàëüíûì ñèãíàëîì è ñïðîãíîçèðîâàííûì (íàçûâàåìûì åùå îøèáî÷íûì èëè îñòàòî÷íûì) äîëæíà áûòü çàêîäèðîâàíà áåç ïîòåðü. Åñëè ïðåäñêàçàíèå ýôôåêòèâíî, îñòàòî÷íûé ñèãíàë áóäåò çàíèìàòü ìåíüøå áèò íà ñýìïë, ÷åì îðèãèíàëüíûé ñèãíàë. Ñåé÷àñ FLAC èñïîëüçóåò òîëüêî îäèí ìåòîä äëÿ êîäèðîâàíèÿ îñòàòêîâ (ñì. ðàçäåë <A HREF="format.html#residualcoding">Êîäèðîâàíèå îñòàòêîâ</A>), îäíàêî â ôîðìàòå ïðåäóñìîòðåíî ìåñòî äëÿ äîïîëíèòåëüíûõ ìåòîäîâ. FLAC äîïóñêàåò èçìåíåíèå ìåòîäà êîäèðîâàíèÿ îñòàòêîâ îò áëîêà ê áëîêó è äàæå â ïðåäåëàõ êàíàëà â áëîêå.</LI>\r
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-<P> äîïîëíåíèå êî âñåìó îïðåäåëåíà ñèñòåìà ìåòàäàííûõ, ïîçâîëÿþùàÿ äîáàâëÿòü â íà÷àëî ïîòîêà ïðîèçâîëüíóþ èíôîðìàöèþ.</P>\r
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-<H4><u>Îïðåäåëåíèÿ</u></H4>\r
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-<P>Ìíîãèå òåðìèíû, òàêèå êàê "áëîê" è "ôðåéì", èìåþò ðàçëè÷íîå çíà÷åíèå â ñõåìàõ êîäèðîâàíèÿ. Íàïðèìåð, ôðåéì â mp3 ñîîâåòñòâóåò ìíîãèì ñýìïëàì âî âñåõ êàíàëàõ, â òî âðåìÿ êàê ôðåéì S/PDIF ïðåäñòàâëÿåò òîëüêî îäèí ñýìïë äëÿ êàæäîãî êàíàëà. Îáðàòèòå âíèìàíèå íà òî, ÷òî, ãîâîðÿ î "áëîêàõ" è "ïîäáëîêàõ", ìû ññûëàåìñÿ íà íåçàêîäèðîâàííûå àóäèîäàííûå, à òåðìèíû "ôðåéì" è "ïîäôðåéì" èñïîëüçóåì äëÿ äàííûõ ñæàòûõ FLAC.</P>\r
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-<P><BLOCKQUOTE>\r
-<LI><B>Áëîê</B> - ýòî îäèí èëè áîëåå ñýìïëîâ, íàõîäÿùèõñÿ â íåñêîëüêèõ êàíàëàõ.</LI>\r
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-<LI><B>Ïîäáëîê</B> - ýòî îäèí èëè áîëåå ñýìïëîâ èç îäíîãî êàíàëà. Òàêèì îáðàçîì, áëîê ñîäåðæèò ïîäáëîê äëÿ êàæäîãî êàíàëà è âñå ïîäáëîêè â íåì ñîäåðæàò îäèíàêîâîå êîëè÷åñòâî ñýìïëîâ.</LI>\r
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-<LI><B>Ðàçìåð áëîêà</B> - ýòî êîëè÷åñòâî ñýìïëîâ â ëþáîì èç ñâîèõ ïîäáëîêîâ. Íàïðèìåð, áëîê äëèíîé â îäíó ñåêóíäó ñ ÷àñòîòîé äåñêðåòèçàöèè 44.1êÃö èìååò ðàçìåð áëîêà 44100 âíå çàâèñèìîñòè îò êîëè÷åñòâà êàíàëîâ.</LI>\r
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-<LI><B>Ôðåéì</B> - ýòî çàãîëîâîê è îäèí èëè íåñêîëüêî ïîäôðåéìîâ.</LI>\r
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-<LI><B>Ïîäôðåéì</B> - ýòî çàãîëîâîê è îäèí èëè íåñêîëüêî çàêîäèðîâàííûõ ñýìïëîâ èç äàííîãî êàíàëà. Âñå ïîäôðåéìû â äàííîì ôðåéìå ñîäåðæàò îäèíàêîâîå êîëè÷åñòâî ñýìïëîâ.</LI>\r
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-<a name="blocking">\r
-<H4><u>Ðàçáèåíèå íà áëîêè</u></H4>\r
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-<P>Ðàçìåð áëîêîâ ñèëüíî âëèÿåò íà óðîâåíü ñæàòèÿ. Åñëè ðàçìåð áëîêà áóäåò ñëèøêîì ìàë, òî â èòîãå ïîëó÷èòñÿ î÷åíü ìíîãî ôðåéìîâ, à ýòî çíà÷èò, ÷òî íà çàãîëîâêè áóäåò ïîòðà÷åíî ìíîãî áèòîâ. Åñëè æå ðàçìåð áëîêà áîëüøîé, à õàðàêòåðèñòèêè ñèãíàëà ñèëüíî âàðüèðóþòñÿ, åíêîäåð íå ñìîæåò íàéòè õîðîøèé ïðåäèêòîð. ×òîáû óïðîñòèòü êîäåê, FLAC îïðåäåëÿåò ìèíèìàëüíûé ðàçìåð áëîêà â 16 ñýìïëîâ, à ìàêñèìàëüíûé â 65535 ñýìïëîâ. Ýòîò èíòåðâàë ïîêðûâàåò îïòèìàëüíûå ðàçìåðû áëîêîâ äëÿ âñåõ àóäèîäàííûõ, ïîääåðæèâàåìûõ FLAC.</P>\r
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-<P>Ñåé÷àñ áàçîâûé åíêîäåð èñïîëüçóåò ïîñòîÿííûé ðàçìåð áëîêà, îïòèìèçèðîâàííûé ïî ÷àñòîòå äèñêðåòèçàöèè ââîäà. Ïîñëåäóþùèå âåðñèè ñìîãóò èçìåíÿòü ðàçìåð áëîêà â çàâèñèìîñòè îò õàðàêòåðèñòèê ñèãíàëà.</P>\r
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-<P>Ðàçáèòûå íà áëîêè äàííûå ïåðåäàþòñÿ íà ñòàäèþ ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèÿ ïî îäíîìó ïîäáëîêó. Êàæäûé ïîäáëîê êîäèðóåòñÿ â ïîäôðåéì íåçàâèñèìî, à ïîçæå îíè îáúåíäèíÿþòñÿ âî ôðåéì. Òàê êàê êàæäûé êàíàë êîäèðóåòñÿ îòäåëüíî, ýòî îçíà÷àåò, ÷òî îäèí êàíàë ñòåðåî ôðåéìà ìîæåò ñæèìàòüñÿ êàê ïîñòîÿííûé ïîäôðåéì, à âòîðîé êàê LPC ïîäôðåéì.</P>\r
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-<H4><u>Ìåæêàíàëüíàÿ äåêîððåëÿöèÿ</u></H4>\r
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-<P> áîëüøèíñòâå ñëó÷àåâ â ñòåðåî ïîòîêàõ ñóùåñòâóåò äîñòàòî÷íûé óðîâåíü êîððåëÿöèè ìåæäó ëåâûì è ïðàâûì êàíàëàìè. FLAC ïîçâîëÿåò ôðåéìàì â ñòåðåî ïîòîêàõ èìåòü ðàçëè÷íîå ðàñïðåäåëåíèå êàíàëîâ, à åíêîäåð ìîæåò èñïîëüçîâàòü ëó÷øåå ïðåäñòàâëåíèå.</P>\r
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-<P><BLOCKQUOTE>\r
-<LI><B>Íåçàâèñèìîå</B>. Ëåâûé è ïðàâûé êàíàëû êîäèðóþòñÿ íåçàâèñèìî.</LI>\r
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-<LI><B>Ðàçíîñòíîå</B>. Ëåâûé è ïðàâûé êàíàë ïðåîáðàçîâûâàþòñÿ â ñðåäíèé è îñòàòî÷íûé êàíàëû. Ñðåäíèé êàíàë - ýòî ñðåäíåå çíà÷åíèå ëåâîãî è ïðàâîãî ñèãíàëîâ, à îñòàòî÷íûé - ðàçíèöà ìåæäó íèìè (ëåâûé ìèíóñ ïðàâûé).</LI>\r
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-<LI><B>Ëåâîñòîðîííåå</B>. Êîäèðóåòñÿ ëåâûé è îñòàòî÷íûé êàíàëû.</LI>\r
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-<LI><B>Ïðàâîîñòîðîííåå</B>. Êîäèðóåòñÿ ïðàâûé è îñòàòî÷íûé êàíàëû.</LI>\r
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-<P>Îêàçûâàåòñÿ, ÷òî ëåâîñòîðîííåå è ïðàâîñòîðîííåå êîäèðîâàíèå ìîãóò áûòü áîëåå ýôôåêòèâíûìè âî ìíîãèõ ôðåéìàõ, íåñìîòðÿ íà òî, ÷òî íåîáõîäèìîå äëÿ îðèãèíàëüíîãî ñèãíàëà êîëè÷åñòâî áèòîâ íà ñýìïë íåìíîãî áîëüøå, ÷åì äëÿ íåçàâèñèìîãî èëè óñðåäíåííîãî êîäèðîâàíèÿ.</P>\r
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-<a name="prediction">\r
-<H4><u>Ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèå</u></H4>\r
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-<P>FLAC èñïîëüçóåò ÷åòûðå ìåòîäà äëÿ ìîäåëèðîâàíèÿ âõîäíîãî ñèãíàëà:</P>\r
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-<P><BLOCKQUOTE>\r
-<LI><B>Äîñëîâíûé</B>. Ïî ñóùåñòâó ýòî ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèå ñèãíàëà íóëåâîãî óðîâíÿ. Ïðåäèêòîðîì ñèãíàëà ÿâëÿåòñÿ ñàì ñèãíàë, ïîòîìó ñæàòèå íå ïðîèñõîäèò. Ýòî îáðàçåö, ñ êîòîðûì ñâåðÿþòñÿ âñå îñòàëüíûå ïðåäèêòîðû. Åñëè ïåðåäàòü åíêîäåðó ñëó÷àéíûå äàííûå, äëÿ âñåõ ïîäáëîêîâ ñêîðå âñåãî áóäåò èñïîëüçîâàí äîñëîâíûé ïðåäèêòîð. Òàê êàê íåîáðàáîòàííûé ñèãíàë íå ïðîõîäèò ñòàäèþ êîäèðîâàíèÿ îñòàòêîâ, ðåçóëüòàòû íå áóäóò ñîâïàäàòü ñ ëèíåéíûì ïðåäèêòîðîì íóëåâîãî ïîðÿäêà.</LI>\r
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-<LI><B>Ïîñòîÿííûé</B>. Ýòîò ïðåäèêòîð èñïîëüçóåòñÿ, êîãäà ïîäáëîê ñîäåðæèò öèôðîâóþ òèøèíó, ò.å. íà âõîä ïîñòóïàåò îäíà êîíñòàíòà. Ñèãíàë êîäèðóåòñÿ ïî âñåé äëèíå è äîáàâëÿåòñÿ ê ïîòîêó.</LI>\r
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-<LI><B>Ïîñòîÿííûé ëèíåéíûé ïðåäèêòîð</B>. FLAC èñïîëüçóåò êëàññ ýôôåêòèâíî âû÷èñëÿåìûõ ïîñòîÿííûõ ëèíåéíûõ ïðåäèêòîðîâ (õîðîøåå îïèñàíèå ïðèâåäåíî ó <A HREF="http://svr-www.eng.cam.ac.uk/~ajr/GroupPubs/Robinson94-tr156/index.html">Shorten</A> è <A HREF="http://www.hpl.hp.com/techreports/1999/HPL-1999-144.pdf">AudioPak</A>). FLAC äîáàâëÿåò ïðåäèêòîð ÷åòâåðòîãî óðîâíÿ ê èñïîëüçîâàííûì â Shorten ïðåäèêòîðàì îò íóëåâîãî äî òðåòüåãî óðîâíÿ. Òàê êàê ïðåäèêòîðû ïîñòîÿííû, â ñæàòîì ïîòîêå íåîáõîäèìî ñîõðàíèòü òîëüêî ïîðÿäîê ïðåäèêòîðà. Îñòàòî÷íûé ñèãíàë ïåðåäàåòñÿ êîäåðó îñòàòêîâ.</LI>\r
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-<LI><B>Ëèíåéíîå ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèå FIR</B>. Äëÿ áîëåå òî÷íîãî ìîäåëèðîâàíèÿ (çà ñ÷åò ìåäëåííîé ðàáîòû) FLAC ïîääåðæèâàåò ëèíåéíîå ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèå FIR äî 32 ïîðÿäêà (ñì. <A HREF="http://svr-www.eng.cam.ac.uk/~ajr/GroupPubs/Robinson94-tr156/index.html">Shorten</A> è <A HREF="http://www.hpl.hp.com/techreports/1999/HPL-1999-144.pdf">AudioPak</A>). Áàçîâûé åíêîäåð èñïîëüçóåò ìåòîä Ëåâèíñîíà-Äàðáèíà äëÿ ðàñ÷åòà LPC êîýôôèöèåíòîâ èç êîýôôèöèåíòîâ àâòîêîððåëÿöèè è êîýôôèöèåíòû ðàçáèâàþòñÿ ïåðåä âû÷èñëåíèåì îñòàòêîâ.  òî âðåìÿ êàê òàêèå åíêîäåðû êàê Shorten èñïîëüçóþò ïîñòîÿííîå ðàçáèåíèå äëÿ âñåãî ââîäà, FLAC ïîçâîëÿåò äëÿ êàæäîãî ôðåéìà ìåíÿòü òî÷íîñòü êîýôôèöèåíòà ðàçáèåíèÿ. Áàçîâûé åíêîäåð FLAC îöåíèâàåò îïòèìàëüíóþ òî÷íîñòü, îñíîâûâàÿñü íà ðàçìåðå áëîêà è äèàïàçîíå îðèãèíàëüíîãî ñèãíàëà.</LI>\r
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-<H4><u>Êîäèðîâàíèå îñòàòêîâ</u></H4>\r
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-<P>Äëÿ êîäèðîâàíèÿ îñòàòî÷íîãî ñèãíàëà îò ñòàäèè ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèÿ FLAC èñïîëüçóåò äâà ïîõîæèõ ìåòîäà. Îñòàòî÷íûé ñèãíàë ñæèìàåòñÿ ñ èñïîëüçîâàíèåì êîäîâ Ðàéñà ñëåäóþùèìè ñïîñîáàìè:</P>\r
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-<BLOCKQUOTE><ol>\r
-<LI>Åíêîäåð îöåíèâàåò îäèíî÷íûé ïàðàìåòð Ðàéñà, îñíîâàííûé íà ðàçíèöå îñòàòêà è êîäîâ Ðàéñà. Âåñü îñòàòîê êîäèðóåòñÿ ñ èñïîëüçîâàíèåì ýòîãî ïàðàìåòðà.</LI>\r
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-<LI>Îñòàòîê äåëèòñÿ íà íåñêîëüêî èíòåðâàëîâ îäèíàêîâîé äëèíû è êàæäûé èç íèõ êîäèðóåòñÿ ñî ñâîèì ïàðàìåòðîì Ðàéñà, îñíîâàííûì íà ñðåäíåì çíà÷åíèè äëÿ äàííîãî èíòåðâàëà.</LI>\r
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-<P>Îáðàòèòå âíèìàíèå íà òî, ÷òî ïåðâûé ìåòîä ÿâëÿåòñÿ ÷àñòíûì ñëó÷àåì âòîðîãî ñ îäíèì èíòåðâàëîì. Îòëè÷èå ñîñòîèò â òîì, ÷òî â ïåðâîì ìåòîäå ïàðàìåòð Ðàéñà âû÷èñëÿåòñÿ äëÿ ðàçíèöû îñòàòêà, à íå äëÿ ñðåäíåãî çíà÷åíèÿ.</P>\r
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-<P>Â ôîðìàòå FLAC çàðåçåðâèðîâàíî ìåñòî äëÿ äðóãèõ ìåòîäîâ êîäèðîâàíèÿ. Êòî-íèáóäü ìîæåò ïîïûòàòüñÿ íàéòè ëó÷øåå êîíòåêñòíîå ìîäåëèðîâàíèå ïàðàìåòðà Ðàéñà èëè êîäèðîâàíèÿ Õàôôìàíà. Îïèñàíèÿ íåñêîëüêèõ óíèâåðñàëüíûõ êîäîâ ìîæíî íàéòè íà ñòðàíèöàõ <A HREF="http://www.hpl.hp.com/techreports/98/HPL-98-193.html">LOCO-I</A> è <A HREF="http://www.cs.tut.fi/~albert/Dev/pucrunch/packing.html">pucrunch</A>.</P>\r
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-<H4><u>Ôîðìàò</u></H4>\r
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-<P> ýòîì ðàçäåëå îïèñûâàåòñÿ ôîðìàò ôàéëà. Ôîðìàò FLAC íå ïðåäóñìàòðèâàåò ïîëÿ äëÿ íîìåðà âåðñèè, îäíàêî ñîäåðæèò íåñêîëüêî çàðåçåðâèðîâàííûõ ïîçèöèé. Ïîñëåäóþùèå âåðñèè ñìîãóò èñïîëüçîâàòü ýòî ìåñòî áåç íàðóøåíèÿ ñîâìåñòèìîñòè ñ ïðåäûäóùèìè âåðñèÿìè. Áîëåå ñòàðûå âåðñèè äåêîäåðîâ ìîãóò ëèáî ïðåêðàùàòü ðàáîòó, ëèáî ïðîïóñêàòü äàííûå, çàêîäèðîâàííûå íîâûìè ìåòîäàìè. Êðîìå òîãî çàðåçåðâèðîâàíû íåêîòîðûå ñïåöèàëüíûå çíà÷åíèÿ, êîòîðûå íå ìîãóò ïîÿâèòüñÿ íè â îäíîé èç âåðñèé ôîðìàòà. Ýòî îáû÷íî äåëàåòñÿ äëÿ óëó÷øåíèÿ ìåõàíèçìà ñèíõðîíèçàöèè.</P>\r
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-<P>Âñå ÷èñëà â ôîðìàòå FLAC ÿâëÿþòñÿ öåëûìè, ìëàäøèé áàéò êîòîðûõ çàïèñûâàåòñÿ âíà÷àëå (big-endian). ×èñëà ÿâëÿþòñÿ áåççíàêîâûìè, êðîìå òåõ ñëó÷àåâ, ãäå ÿâíî óêàçàíî îáðàòíîå.</P>\r
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-<a name="overview">\r
-<P>Ê ïîòîêó FLAC ìîãóò áûòü äîáàâëåíû òýãè ID3v1 (â êîíöå) è ID3v2 (â íà÷àëå). Ýòè äàííûå íå îòíîñÿòñÿ ê ôîðìàòó, îäíàêî äåêîäåð óìååò ïðîïóñêàòü èõ. Ïëàãèíû ââîäà ïîääåðæèâàþò òýãè ID3v1.</P>\r
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-<P>Ïåðåä ïîëíûì îïèñàíèåì ôîðìàòà ïðèâåäåì åãî êðàòêèé îáçîð.</P>\r
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-<P><BLOCKQUOTE>\r
-<LI>Ôîðìàò FLAC ñîñòîèò èç ìàðêåðà "fLaC" â íà÷àëå ïîòîêà, çà êîòîðûì ñëåäóåò îáÿçàòåëüíûé áëîê STREAMINFO, ëþáîå êîëè÷åñòâî äðóãèõ áëîêîâ ìåòàäàííûõ, à çàòåì àóäèîôðåéìû.</LI>\r
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-<LI>FLAC ïîääåðæèâàåò äî 128 áëîêîâ ìåòàäàííûõ. Ñåé÷àñ îïðåäåëåíû:</LI>\r
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-<UL>\r
-<A NAME="def_STREAMINFO">\r
-<LI><TT>STREAMINFO</TT>: Ýòîò áëîê ñîäåðæèò èíôîðìàöèþ îáî âñåì ïîòîêå (÷àñòîòó äèñêðåòèçàöèè, êîëè÷åñòâî êàíàëîâ, êîëè÷åñòâî ñýìïëîâ è ò.ä.). Îí âñåãäà äîëæåí áûòü ïåðâûì áëîêîì ìåòàäàííûõ â ïîòîêå. Ñëåäóþùèå áëîêè äîëæíû ñëåäîâàòü çà íèì, è ìîãóò áûòü ïðîïóùåíû äåêîäåðîì.</LI>\r
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-<A NAME="def_APPLICATION">\r
-<LI><TT>APPLICATION</TT>: Ýòîò áëîê ïðåäíàçíà÷åí äëÿ èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ ïðèëîæåíèÿìè òðåòüèõ ëèö. Åäèíñòâåííûì îáÿçàòåëüíûì ïîëåì ÿâëÿåòñÿ 32-áèòíûé èäåíòèôèêàòîð, êîòîðûé âûäàåòñÿ ðàçðàáîò÷èêàìè FLAC. Ôîðìàò îñòàâøåéñÿ ÷àñòè áëîêà îïðåäåëÿåòñÿ çàðåãèñòðèðîâàííûì ïîä ýòèì íîìåðîì ïðèëîæåíèåì. ×òîáû ïîëó÷èòü id äëÿ ñâîåãî ïðèëîæåíèÿ, ïîñåòèòå <A HREF="id.html">ñòðàíèöó ðåãèñòðàöèè</A>.</P>\r
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-<A NAME="def_PADDING">\r
-<LI><TT>PADDING</TT>: Ýòîò áëîê ïðåäíàçíà÷åí äëÿ ðåçåðâèðîâàíèÿ ìåñòà. Ñîäåðæèìîå áëîêà <TT>PADDING</TT> íå èìååò çíà÷åíèÿ. Îí ïîëåçåí â òîì ñëó÷àå, åñëè èçâåñòíî, ÷òî áëîê ïîñëå êîäèðîâàíèÿ áóäåò äîáàâëåí áëîê <TT>APPLICATION</TT>. Ïîëüçîâàòåëü ìîæåò çàðåçåðâèðîâàòü íåîáõîäèìîå ïðîñòðàíñòâî ñ ïîìîùüþ áëîêà <TT>PADDING</TT>, ÷òîáû ïðèëîæåíèå ñìîãëî çàïèñàòü íà åãî ìåñòî áëîê <TT>APPLICATION</TT>. Ýòà îïåðàöèÿ çàéìåò íàìíîãî ìåíüøå âðåìåíè, ÷åì âñòàâêà áëîêà â íà÷àëî ôàéëà, òàê êàê â âòîðîì ñëó÷àå ïîòðåáóåòñÿ åãî ïîëíàÿ ïåðåçàïèñü.</LI>\r
- \r
-<A NAME="def_SEEKTABLE">\r
-<LI><TT>SEEKTABLE</TT>: Ýòî íåîáÿçàòåëüíûé áëîê äëÿ õðàíåíèÿ òî÷åê ïîèñêà.  ïîòîêå FLAC ìîæíî íàéòè ëþáîé ñýìïë áåç ýòîé òàáëèöû, îäíàêî çàäåðæêà ìîæåò áûòü íåïðåäñêàçóåìîé, òàê êàê áèòðåéò â ïîòîêå ìîæåò ñóùåñòâåííî ìåíÿòüñÿ. Ñ ïîìîùüþ òàáëèöû òî÷åê ïîèñêà ïàóçà ìîæåò áûòü ñóùåñòâåííî ñîêðàùåíà. Êàæäàÿ òî÷êà çàíèìàåò 18 áàéòîâ, ïîýòîìó äëÿ áûñòðîãî ïîèñêà ñ òî÷íîñòüþ äî 1% íåîáõîäèìî âñåãî 2êá.  ïîòîêå ìîæåò áûòü òîëüêî îäíè áëîê <TT>SEEKTABLE</TT>, íî â íåì ìîæåò áûòü ëþáîå êîëè÷åñòâî òî÷åê ïîèñêà. Òàêæå ñóùåñòâóþò ðåçåðâèðóåìûå òî÷êè, êîòîðûå ïðîïóñêàþòñÿ äåêîäåðîì, íî ìîãóò èñïîëüçîâàòüñÿ äëÿ ïîñëåäóþùèõ âñòàâîê ðåàëüíûõ òî÷åê ïîèñêà.</LI>\r
-</UL>\r
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-<LI>Àóäèîïîòîê ñîñòîèò èç îäíîãî èëè íåñêîëüêèõ ôðåéìîâ. Ó êàæäîãî ôðåéìà åñòü çàãîëîâîê, ñîñòîÿùèé èç êîäà ñèíõðîíèçàöèè, èíôîðìàöèè î ôðåéìå (ðàçìåð áëîêà, ÷àñòîòà äèñêðåòèçàöèè, êîëè÷åñòâî êàíàëîâ è ò.ï.) è âîñüìèáèòíîé êîíòðîëüíîé ñóììû. Òàêæå â çàãîëîâêå ñîäåðæèòñÿ ëèáî íîìåð ïåðâîãî ñýìïëà âî ôðåéìå îòíîñèòåëüíî âñåãî ïîòîêà (äëÿ ïîòîêîâ ñ èçìåíÿþùèìñÿ ðàçìåðîì áëîêà) èëè íîìåð ôðåéìà (äëÿ ïîòîêîâ ñ ïîñòîÿííûì ðàçìåðîì áëîêà). Ýòî ïîçâîëÿåò ïðîèçâîäèòü áûñòðûé è òî÷íûé ïîèñê. Äàëåå ñëåäóþò çàêîäèðîâàííûå ïîäôðåéìû (ïî îäíîìó íà êàæäûé êàíàë) è, íàêîíåö, ôðåéì, äîïîëíåííûé íóëÿìè äî ãðàíèöû áàéòà. Êàæäûé ïîäôðåéì èìååò ñâîé çàãîëîâîê, îïðåäåëÿþùèé ñïîñîá åãî äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ.</LI>\r
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-<LI>Òàê êàê äåêîäåð ìîæåò íà÷àòü ðàáîòó â ñåðåäèíå ïîòîêà, äîëæåí áûòü ìåòîä îïðåäåëåíèÿ íà÷àëà ôðåéìà. Êàæäûé ôðåéì íà÷èíàåòñÿ ñ 14-áèòíîãî ñèíõðîíèçèðóþùåãî êîäà. Ýòîò êîä íå ìîæåò ïîÿâëÿòüñÿ íè â îäíîì äðóãîì ìåñòå çàãîëîâêà ôðåéìà. Îäíàêî òàê êàê ýòî êîä ìîæåò ïîÿâèòüñÿ â ïîäôðåéìàõ, ó äåêîäåðà åñòü äâà ñïîñîáà îïðåäåëèòü, ÷òî äàííàÿ ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîñòü ÿâëÿåòñÿ íà÷àëîì ôðåéìà. Ñíà÷àëà ïðîâåðÿåòñÿ êîððåêòíîñòü äàííûõ âî âñåì ôðåéìå. Îäíàêî ýòîò øàã íå ìîæåò ãàðàíòèðîâàòü îòñóòñòâèÿ îøèáîê, ïîýòîìó äîïîëíèòåëüíî ïðîèçâîäèòñÿ ðàñ÷åò âîñüìèáèòíîé êîíòðîëüíîé ñóììû çàãîëîâêà ôðåéìà è ïîëó÷åííûé ðåçóëüòàò ñðàâíèâàåòñÿ ñî çíà÷åíèåì, ïîëó÷åííûì ïðè êîäèðîâàíèè è çàïèñàííûì ïîñëå çàãîëîâêà ôðåéìà.</LI>\r
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-<LI>Êàæäûé ôðåéì äîëæåí ñîäåðæàòü îñíîâíóþ èíôîðìàöèþ î ïîòîêå, òàê êàê äåêîäåð ìîæåò íå èìåòü äîñòóïà ê áëîêó ìåòàäàííûõ <TT>STREAMINFO</TT> â íà÷àëå ïîòîêà. Ñþäà âõîäèò ÷àñòîòà äèñêðåòèçàöèè, êîëè÷åñòâî áèò íà ñýìïë, êîëè÷åñòâî êàíàëîâ è ò.ä. Òàê êàê çàãîëîâîêè ôðåéìîâ âíîñÿò äîïîëíèòåëüíûå íàêëàäíûå ðàñõîäû, òî îíè âëèÿþò óðîâåíü ñæàòèÿ. ×òîáû ñäåëàòü çàãîëîâêè ôðåéìîâ ìèíèìàëüíûìè, FLAC èñïîëüçóåò òàáëèöû ïîèñêà äëÿ íàèáîëåå ÷àñòî èñïîëüçóåìûõ çíà÷åíèé ïàðàìåòðîâ ôðåìîâ. Íàïðèìåð, ÷àñòü, îòâå÷àþùàÿ çà ÷àñòîòó äèñêðåòèçàöèè, çàíèìàåò 4 áèòà. Âîñåìü ïðåäîïðåäåëåííûõ çíà÷åíèé ñîîòâåòñòâóþò íàèáîëåå ñàìûì ðàñïðîñòðàíåííûì ÷àñòîòàì (8/16/22.05/24/32/44.1/48/96 êÃö). Îäíàêî äîïîëíèòåëüíûå ÷àñòîòû ìîãóò áûòü èñïîëüçîâàíû ñ ïîìîùüþ ñïåöèàëüíîãî íàáîðà áèòîâ, óêàçûâàþùåãî äåêîäåðó, ÷òî íåîáõîäèìîå çíà÷åíèå íàõîäèòñÿ â êîíöå çàãîëîâêà. Òàêîé æå ìåòîä èñïîëüçóåòñÿ äëÿ óêàçàíèÿ ðàçìåðà áëîêà è êîëè÷åñòâà áèòîâ íà ñýìïë.  ýòîì ñëó÷àå çàãîëîâîê îñòàåòñÿ äîñòàòî÷íî ìàëûì äëÿ íàèáîëåå ðàñïðîñòðàíåííûõ òèïîâ àóäèîäàííûõ.</LI>\r
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-<LI>Ïîäôðåéìû (ïî îäíîìó äëÿ êàæäîãî êàíàëà) êîäèðóþòñÿ âî ôðåéìå îòäåëüíî è õðàíÿòñÿ â ïîòîêå ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíî. Ýòî âåäåò ê óïðîùåíèþ äåêîäåðà, îäíàêî öåíîé ýòîìó ÿâëÿåòñÿ óâåëè÷åíèå ðàçìåðîâ áóôôåðà. Ó êàæäîãî ïîäôðåéìà åñòü ñâîé çàãîëîâîê, îïðåäåëÿþùèé åãî àòòðèáóòû (ìåòîä è ïîðÿäîê ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèÿ, ïàðàìåòðû êîäèðîâàíèÿ îñòàòêîâ è ò.ä.). Çà çàãîëîâêîì ñëåäóþò àóäèîäàííûå äëÿ ýòîãî êàíàëà.</LI>\r
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-<A NAME="subset">\r
-<LI>Âî FLAC îïðåäåëåíî ñïåöèàëüíîå ïîäìíîæåñòâî ôîðìàòà (Subset format). Âñå ïîòîêè ñæàòûå ýòèì ìåòîäîì íà ñàìîì äåëå ÿâëÿþòñÿ ïîòîêîâûìè, òî åñòü äåêîäåð, êîòîðûé íå ìîæåò èñêàòü â ïîòîêå, èìååò âîçìîæíîñòü ïåðåéòè ê ëþáîé åãî òî÷êå è íà÷àòü âîñïðîèçâåäåíèå. Äëÿ ôàéëîâ, îòâå÷àþùèõ ýòîìó ïîäìíîæåñòâó ôîðìàòà, çíà÷èòåëüíî ïðîùå ñäåëàòü àïïàðàòíûé äåêîäåð. <B><TT>flac</TT></B> ïî óìîë÷àíèþ ñîçäàåò ïîòîêè, îòâå÷àþùèå ýòîìó ïîäìíîæåñòâó ôîðìàòà. Êëþ÷ <TT>--lax</TT> çàïðåùàåò ñîçäàíèå òàêèõ ïîòîêîâ. ×òîáû ôàéë îòâå÷àë äàííîìó ïîäìíîæåñòâó, äëÿ íåãî äîëæíû âûïîëíÿòüñÿ ñëåäóþùèå îãðàíè÷åíèÿ:</LI>\r
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- <UL>\r
- <LI>Çíà÷åíèå áèòîâ, îòâå÷àþùèõ çà ðàçìåð áëîêà, äîëæíî áûòü â ïðåäåëàõ 0001-0101 èëè 1000-1111. Ïîòîê äîëæåí ñîñòîÿòü èç áëîêîâ îäèíàêîâîãî ðàçìåðà (çà èñêëþ÷åíèåì ïîñëåäíåãî), à â áëîêå ìåòàäàííûõ <TT>STREAMINFO</TT> äîëæíû áûòü óêàçàíû ðàâíûå çíà÷åíèÿ äëÿ ìèíèìàëüíîãî è ìàêñèìàëüíîãî ðàçìåðà áëîêà.</LI>\r
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- <LI>Êîëè÷åñòâî áèò íà ñýìïë â çàãîëîâêå ôðåéìà äîëæíî îïèñûâàòüñÿ ñëåäóþùèì äèàïàçîíîì áèòîâ 001-110.</LI>\r
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- <LI>×àñòîòà äèñêðåòèçàöèè â çàãîëîâêå ôðåéìà äîëæíà îïèñûâàòüñÿ ñëåäóþùèì äèàïàçîíîì áèòîâ 0001-1011.</LI>\r
- </UL>\r
-</BLOCKQUOTE></P>\r
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-<P> òàáëèöå ïðèâåäåíî ôîðìàëüíîå îïèñàíèå ôîðìàòà FLAC. ×èñëà â óãëîâûõ ñêîáêàõ ïîêàçûâàþò êîëè÷åñòâî áèòîâ, èñïîëüçóåìûõ äàííûì ïîëåì.</P>\r
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-<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">\r
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-<TR>\r
- <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="stream"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÏÎÒÎÊ</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>\r
-</TR>\r
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-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><32></TD>\r
- <TD>"fLaC", ìàðêåð ïîòîêà FLAC â êîäèðîâêå ASCII, îçíà÷àþùèé, ÷òî ïåðâûìè ÷åòûðüìÿ áàéòàìè ïîòîêà ÿâëÿþòñÿ 0x66, 0x4C, 0x61, 0x43</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
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-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#metadata_block_streaminfo"><TT>ÁËÎÊ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ</TT></A></TD>\r
- <TD>Îáÿçàòåëüíûé áëîê ìåòàäàííûõ <TT>STREAMINFO</TT>, ñîäåðæàùèé îñíîâíûå ñâîéñòâà ïîòîêà</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
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-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#metadata_block"><TT>ÁËÎÊ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ</TT></A>*</TD>\r
- <TD>Íîëü èëè áîëüøå áëîêîâ ìåòàäàííûõ</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
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-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#frame"><TT>ÔÐÅÉÌ</TT></A>+</TD>\r
- <TD>Îäèí èëè áîëüøå àóäèîôðåéìîâ</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
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-</TABLE></P>\r
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-<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">\r
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-<TR>\r
- <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="metadata_block"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÁËÎÊ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>\r
-</TR>\r
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-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#metadata_block_header"><TT>ÇÀÃÎËÎÂÎÊ_ÁËÎÊÀ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ</TT></A></TD>\r
- <TD>Çàãîëîâîê, îïðåäåëÿþùèé òèï è ðàçìåð áëîêà ìåòàäàííûõ</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
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-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#metadata_block_data"><TT>ÑÎÄÅÐÆÈÌÎÅ_ÁËÎÊÀ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ</TT></A></TD>\r
- <TD> </TD>\r
-</TR>\r
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-</TABLE></P>\r
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-<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="metadata_block_header"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÇÀÃÎËÎÂÎÊ_ÁËÎÊÀ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>\r
-</TR>\r
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-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><1></TD><TD>Ôëàã ðàâíûé <TT>1</TT>, åñëè äàííûé áëîê ìåòàäàííûõ ÿâëÿåòñÿ ïîñëåäíèì ïåðåä àóäèîáëîêàìè, <TT>0</TT> â ïðîòèâíîì ñëó÷àå</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
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-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><7></TD>\r
- <TD>Òèï áëîêà:\r
- <UL>\r
- <LI>0 : <TT>STREAMINFO</TT></LI>\r
- <LI>1 : <TT>PADDING</TT></LI>\r
- <LI>2 : <TT>APPLICATION</TT></LI>\r
- <LI>3 : <TT>SEEKTABLE</TT></LI>\r
- <LI>4-127 : çàðåçåðâèðîâàíû</LI>\r
- </UL>\r
- </TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><24></TD>\r
- <TD>Äëèíà â áàéòàõ ñîîòâåòñòâóþùåãî áëîêà ìåòàäàííûõ (íå âêëþ÷àåò ðàçìåð <TT>ÇÀÃÎËÎÂÊÀ_ÁËÎÊÀ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ</TT>)</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-</TABLE></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="metadata_block_data"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÑÎÄÅÐÆÈÌÎÅ_ÁËÎÊÀ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#metadata_block_streaminfo"><TT>ÁËÎÊ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ_STREAMINFO</TT></A> || <A HREF="format.html#metadata_block_padding"><TT>ÁËÎÊ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ_PADDING</TT></A> || <A HREF="format.html#metadata_block_application"><TT>ÁËÎÊ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ_APPLICATION</TT></A> || <A HREF="format.html#metadata_block_seektable"><TT>ÁËÎÊ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ_SEEKTABLE</TT></A></TD>\r
- <TD>Ñîäåðæèìîå áëîêà äîëæíî ñîîòâåòñòâîâàòü òèïó áëîêà, óêàçàííîìó â çàãîëîâêå</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-</TABLE></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="metadata_block_streaminfo"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÁËÎÊ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ_STREAMINFO</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><16></TD>\r
- <TD>Ìèíèìàëüíûé ðàçìåð áëîêà â ñýìïëàõ â äàííîì ïîòîêå.</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><16></TD>\r
- <TD>Ìàêñèìàëüíûé ðàçìåð áëîêà â ñýìïëàõ â äàííîì ïîòîêå.</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><24></TD>\r
- <TD>Ìèíèìàëüíûé ðàçìåð ôðåéìà â áàéòàõ â äàííîì ïîòîêå. Åñëè çíà÷åíèå íå èçâåñòíî, òî <TT>0</TT></TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><24></TD>\r
- <TD>Ìàêñèìàëüíûé ðàçìåð ôðåéìà â áàéòàõ â äàííîì ïîòîêå. Åñëè çíà÷åíèå íå èçâåñòíî, òî <TT>0</TT></TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><20></TD>\r
- <TD>×àñòîòà äèñêðåòèçàöèè â Ãö.</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><3></TD>\r
- <TD><TT>(Êîëè÷åñòâî êàíàëîâ) - 1</TT>. FLAC ïîääåðæèâàåò îò 1 äî 8 êàíàëîâ.</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><5></TD>\r
- <TD><TT>(Êîëè÷åñòâî áèòîâ íà ñýìïë) - 1</TT>. FLAC ïîääåðæèâàåò îò 1 äî 32 áèòîâ íà ñýìïë. Ñåé÷àñ áàçîâûå äåêîäåð è åíêîäåð ïîääåðæèâàþò äî 24 áèò íà ñýìïë.</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><36></TD>\r
- <TD>Êîëè÷åñòâî ñýìïëîâ â ïîòîêå. Åñëè çäåñü óêàçàí <TT>0</TT>, òî êîëè÷åñòâî ñýìïëîâ íå èçâåñòíî.</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><128></TD>\r
- <TD>Ïîäïèñü MD5 íåñæàòûõ àóäèîäàííûõ, êîòîðàÿ ïîçâîëÿåò äåêîäåðó îáíàðóæèòü îøèáêó, äàæå åñëè åå íàëè÷èå íå íàðóøàåò ñòðóêòóðó ïîòîêà.</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"> </TD>\r
- <TD><B>Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ</B>:\r
- <UL>\r
- <LI>Âî FLAC îïðåäåëåí ìèíèìàëüíûé ðàçìåð áëîêà â <TT>16</TT> ñýìïëîâ è ìàêñèìàëüíûé ðàçìåð - <TT>65535</TT>. Ýòî çíà÷èò, ÷òî çíà÷åíèÿ îò <TT>0</TT> äî <TT>15</TT> â ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèõ ïîëÿõ ÿâëÿþòñÿ îøèáî÷íûìè.</LI>\r
- </UL>\r
- </TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-</TABLE></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="metadata_block_padding"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÁËÎÊ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ_PADDING</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><n></TD>\r
- <TD><TT>n</TT> áèò ñî çíà÷åíèåì <TT>0</TT>. <TT>n</TT> äîëæíî áûòü êðàòíî 8.</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-</TABLE></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="metadata_block_application"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÁËÎÊ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ_APPLICATION</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><32></TD>\r
- <TD>Çàðåãèñòðèðîâàííûé id ïðèëîæåíèÿ (ñì. ñòðàíèöó <A HREF="id.html">ðåãèñòðàöèè</A>)</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><n></TD>\r
- <TD>Äàííûå ïðèëîæåíèÿ. <TT>n</TT> äîëæíî áûòü êðàòíî 8.</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-</TABLE></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="metadata_block_seektable"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÁËÎÊ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ_SEEKTABLE</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#metadata_block_seekpoint"><TT>SEEKPOINT</TT></A>+</TD>\r
- <TD>Îäíà èëè áîëüøå òî÷åê ïîèñêà.</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"> </TD>\r
- <TD><B>Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ</B>:\r
- <UL>\r
- <LI>Êîëè÷åñòâî òî÷åê ïîèñêà îïðåäåëÿåòñÿ â ïîëå çàãîëîâêà áëîêà ìåòàäàííûõ "äëèíà" è ðàâíî <TT>äëèíà / 18</TT>.</LI>\r
- </UL>\r
- </TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-</TABLE></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="metadata_block_seekpoint"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÁËÎÊ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ_SEEKPOINT</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><64></TD>\r
- <TD>Íîìåð ñýìïëà â ïîòîêå ïåðâîãî ñýìïëà öåëåâîãî ôðåéìà èëè 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF äëÿ çàðåçåðâèðîâàííîé òî÷êè.</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><64></TD>\r
- <TD>Ñìåùåíèå â áàéòàõ îò ïåðâîãî áàéòà ïåðâîãî çàãîëîâêà ôðåéìà äî ïåðâîãî áàéòà çàãîëîâêà öåëåâîãî ôðåéìà.</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><16></TD>\r
- <TD>Êîëè÷åñòâî ñýìïëîâ â öåëåâîì ôðåéìå.</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"> </TD>\r
- <TD><B>Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ</B>:\r
- <UL>\r
- <LI>Äëÿ çàðåçåðâèðîâàííûõ òî÷åê çíà÷åíèÿ âòîðîãî è òðåòüåãî ïîëÿ íå îïðåäåëåíû.</LI>\r
- <LI>Òî÷êè ïîèñêà äîëæíû áûòü îòñîðòèðîâàíû â òàáëèöå ïî âîçðàñòàíèþ íîìåðà ñýìïëà.</LI>\r
- <LI>Ïîëÿ, ñîäåðæàùèå íîìåðà ïåðâûõ ñýìïëîâ â öåëåâîì ôðåéìå, äîëæíû áûòü óíèêàëüíû äëÿ âñåõ òî÷åê, çà èñêëþ÷åíèåì çàðåçåðâèðîâàííûõ.</LI>\r
- <LI>Èç äâóõ ïðåäûäóùèõ çàìå÷àíèé ñëåäóåò, ÷òî çàðåçåðâèðîâàííûõ òî÷åê ìîæåò áûòü ëþáîå êîëè÷åñòâî, íî îíè äîëæíû ðàñïîëàãàòüñÿ â êîíöå òàáëèöû.</LI>\r
- </UL>\r
- </TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-</TABLE></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="frame"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÔÐÅÉÌ</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#frame_header"><TT>ÇÀÃÎËÎÂÎÊ_ÔÐÅÉÌÀ</TT></A></TD>\r
- <TD> </TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#subframe"><TT>ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌ</TT></A>+</TD>\r
- <TD>Îäèí ïîäôðåéì íà êàíàë</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><?></TD>\r
- <TD>Âûðàâíèâàíèå íóëÿìè íà ãðàíèöó áàéòà</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#frame_footer"><TT>ÇÀÂÅÐØÅÍÈÅ_ÔÐÅÉÌÀ</TT></A></TD>\r
- <TD> </TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-</TABLE></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="frame_header"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÇÀÃÎËÎÂÎÊ_ÔÐÅÉÌÀ</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><14></TD>\r
- <TD>êîä ñèíõðîíèçàöèè <TT>11111111111110</TT></TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><2></TD>\r
- <TD>Çàðåçåðâèðîâàíî:\r
- <UL>\r
- <LI>00 : îáÿçàòåëüíîå çíà÷åíèå</LI>\r
- <LI>01-11 : çàðåçåðâèðîâàíî äëÿ ïîñëåäóþùåãî èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ</LI>\r
- </UL>\r
- </TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><4></TD>\r
- <TD>Ðàçìåð áëîêà â ñýìïëàõ:\r
- <UL>\r
- <LI>0000 : ïîëó÷èòü èç áëîêà ìåòàäàííûõ <TT>STREAMINFO</TT></LI>\r
- <LI>0001 : <TT>192</TT> ñýìïëà</LI>\r
- <LI>0010-0101 : <TT>576 * (2^(2-n))</TT> ñýìïëîâ, ò.å. <TT>576/1152/2304/4608</TT></LI>\r
- <LI>0110 : ïîëó÷èòü 8 áèòîâ (ðàçìåð áëîêà-1) èç êîíöà çàãîëîâêà</LI>\r
- <LI>0111 : ïîëó÷èòü 16 áèòîâ (ðàçìåð áëîêà-1) èç êîíöà çàãîëîâêà</LI>\r
- <LI>1000-1111 : <TT>256 * (2^(n-8))</TT> ñýìïëîâ, ò.å. <TT>256/512/1024/2048/4096/8192/16384/32768</TT></LI>\r
- </UL>\r
- </TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><4></TD>\r
- <TD>×àñòîòà äèñêðåòèçàöèè:\r
- <UL>\r
- <LI><TT>0000</TT> : ïîëó÷èòü èç áëîêà ìåòàäàííûõ <TT>STREAMINFO</TT></LI>\r
- <LI><TT>0001-0011</TT> : çàðåçåðâèðîâàíû</LI>\r
- <LI><TT>0100</TT> : 8êÃö</LI>\r
- <LI><TT>0101</TT> : 16êÃö</LI>\r
- <LI><TT>0110</TT> : 22.05êÃö</LI>\r
- <LI><TT>0111</TT> : 24êÃö</LI>\r
- <LI><TT>1000</TT> : 32êÃö</LI>\r
- <LI><TT>1001</TT> : 44.1êÃö</LI>\r
- <LI><TT>1010</TT> : 48êÃö</LI>\r
- <LI><TT>1011</TT> : 96êÃö</LI>\r
- <LI><TT>1100</TT> : ïîëó÷èòü 8-áèòíîå çíà÷åíèå ÷àñòîòû äèñêðåòèçàöèè (â êÃö) èç êîíöà çàãîëîâêà</LI>\r
- <LI><TT>1101</TT> : ïîëó÷èòü 16-áèòíîå çíà÷åíèå ÷àñòîòû äèñêðåòèçàöèè (â Ãö) èç êîíöà çàãîëîâêà</LI>\r
- <LI><TT>1110</TT> : ïîëó÷èòü 16-áèòíîå çíà÷åíèå ÷àñòîòû äèñêðåòèçàöèè (â äÃö) èç êîíöà çàãîëîâêà</LI>\r
- <LI><TT>1111</TT> : îøèáî÷íîå çíà÷åíèå, ÷òîáû íå äîïóñòèòü ñîâïàäåíèå ñ êîäîì ñèíõðîíèçàöèè</LI>\r
- </UL>\r
- </TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><4></TD>\r
- <TD>Ðàñïîëîæåíèå êàíàëîâ:\r
- <UL>\r
- <LI><TT>0000-0111</TT> : <TT>(êîëè÷åñòâî íåçàâèñèìûõ êàíàëîâ)-1</TT>. Êîãäà == <TT>0001</TT>, êàíàë <TT>0</TT> ÿâëÿåòñÿ ëåâûì, <TT>1</TT> - ïðàâûì</LI>\r
- <LI><TT>1000</TT> : ëåâîñòîðîííåå ñòåðåî: êàíàë <TT>0</TT> ÿâëÿåòñÿ ëåâûì, <TT>1</TT> - ðàçíîñòíûì</LI>\r
- <LI><TT>1001</TT> : ïðàâîñòîðîííåå ñòåðåî: êàíàë <TT>0</TT> ÿâëÿåòñÿ ðàçíîñòíûì, <TT>1</TT> - ïðàâûì</LI>\r
- <LI><TT>1010</TT> : óñðåäíåííîå ñòåðåî: êàíàë <TT>0</TT> ÿâëÿåòñÿ óñðåäíåííûì, <TT>1</TT> - ðàçíîñòíûì\r
- <LI><TT>1011-1111</TT> : çàðåçåðâèðîâàíû</LI>\r
- </UL>\r
- </TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><3></TD>\r
- <TD>Êîëè÷åñòâî áèòîâ íà ñýìïë:\r
- <UL>\r
- <LI><TT>000</TT> : ïîëó÷èòü èç áëîêà ìåòàäàííûõ <TT>STREAMINFO</TT></LI>\r
- <LI><TT>001</TT> : 8 áèò íà ñýìïë</LI>\r
- <LI><TT>010</TT> : 12 áèò íà ñýìïë</LI>\r
- <LI><TT>011</TT> : çàðåçåðâèðîâàíî</LI>\r
- <LI><TT>100</TT> : 16 áèò íà ñýìïë</LI>\r
- <LI><TT>101</TT> : 20 áèò íà ñýìïë</LI>\r
- <LI><TT>110</TT> : 24 áèò íà ñýìïë</LI>\r
- <LI><TT>111</TT> : çàðåçåðâèðîâàíî</LI>\r
- </UL>\r
- </TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><1></TD>\r
- <TD>Äîïîëíåíèå íóëåì äî ãðàíèöû áèòà, ÷òîáû íå äîïóñòèòü îøèáêó ñèíõðîíèçàöèè</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><?></TD>\r
- <TD>Åñëè <TT>(ïåðåìåííûé ðàçìåð áëîêà)</TT><BR>\r
- <8-56> : íîìåð ñýìïëà â ôîðìàòå UTF-8 (ðàçìåð äåêîäèðóåìîãî ÷èñëà 36 áèò)<BR>\r
- èíà÷å<BR>\r
- <8-48> : íîìåð ôðåéìà â ôîðìàòå UTF-8 (ðàçìåð äåêîäèðóåìîãî ÷èñëà 31 áèò)</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><?></TD>\r
- <TD>Åñëè <TT>(áèòîâàÿ ìàñêà ðàçìåðà áëîêà == 11x)</TT><BR>\r
- 8/16 áèò <TT>(ðàçìåð áëîêà - 1)</TT></TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><?></TD>\r
- <TD>Åñëè <TT>(áèòîâàÿ ìàñêà ÷àñòîòû äèñêðåòèçàöèè == 11xx)</TT><BR>\r
- ÷àñòîòà äèñêðåòèçàöèè 8/16 áèò</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><8></TD>\r
- <TD>8-áèòíàÿ ïîëèíîìàëüíàÿ êîíòðîëüíàÿ ñóììà <TT>(x^8 + x^2 + x^1 + x^0)</TT> äàííûõ çàãîëîâêà, âêëþ÷àÿ êîä ñèíõðîíèçàöèè (<TT>x</TT> èíèöèàëèçèðóåòñÿ íóëåì).</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"> </TD>\r
- <TD><B>Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ</B>:\r
- <UL>\r
- <LI>Áèòû ðàçìåðà áëîêà <TT>0000-0101</TT> ìîãóò áûòü èñïîëüçîâàíû òîëüêî ïðè ïîñòîÿííîì èõ çíà÷åíèè âî âñåì áëîêå. Áèòû <TT>0110-0111</TT> ìîãóò èñïîëüçîâàòüñÿ â ëþáîì ñëó÷àå, äåêîäåð áóäåò ñ÷èòàòü, ÷òî ïîòîê èìååò ïåðåìåííóþ äëèíó áëîêà. Ñóùåñòâóåò îäíî èñêëþ÷åíèå: åíêîäåð ìîæåò èñïîëüçîâàòü áèòû <TT>0110-0111</TT> â ïîñëåäíåì ôðåéìå ïîòîêà ñ ïîñòîÿííûì ðàçìåðîì áëîêà â òîì ñëó÷àå, åñëè åãî äëèíà íå áîëüøå, ÷åì èñïîëüçóåìàÿ â âñåì ïîòîêå.</LI>\r
- </UL>\r
- </TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-</TABLE></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="frame_footer"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÇÀÂÅÐØÅÍÈÅ_ÔÐÅÉÌÀ</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><16></TD>\r
- <TD>16-áèòíàÿ ïîëèíîìàëüíàÿ êîíòðîëüíàÿ ñóììà <TT>(x^16 + x^15 + x^2 + x^0)</TT> âñåãî ôðåéìà (<TT>x</TT> èíèöèàëèçèðóåòñÿ íóëåì).</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-</TABLE></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="subframe"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌ</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#subframe_header"><TT>ÇÀÃÎËÎÂÎÊ_ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌÀ</TT></A></TD>\r
- <TD> </TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#subframe_constant"><TT>ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌ_CONSTANT</TT></A> || <A HREF="format.html#subframe_fixed"><TT>ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌ_FIXED</TT></A> ||<BR><A HREF="format.html#subframe_lpc"><TT>ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌ_LPC</TT></A> || <A HREF="format.html#subframe_verbatim"><TT>ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌ_VERBATIM</TT></A></TD>\r
- <TD>Òèï ïîäôðåéìà, îïðåäåëÿåìûé â çàãîëîâêå</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-</TABLE></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="subframe_header"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÇÀÃÎËÎÂÎÊ_ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌÀ</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><1></TD>\r
- <TD>Áèò ðàâíûé <TT>0</TT>, ÷òîáû ïðåäîòâðàòèòü îøèáêó ñèíõðîíèçàöèè.</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><6></TD>\r
- <TD>Òèï ïîäôðåéìà:\r
- <UL>\r
- <LI><TT>000000</TT> : <A HREF="format.html#subframe_constant"><TT>ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌ_CONSTANT</TT></A></LI>\r
- <LI><TT>000001</TT> : <A HREF="format.html#subframe_verbatim"><TT>ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌ_VERBATIM</TT></A></LI>\r
- <LI><TT>00001x</TT> : çàðåçåðâèðîâàíî</LI>\r
- <LI><TT>0001xx</TT> : çàðåçåðâèðîâàíî</LI>\r
- <LI><TT>001xxx</TT> : Åñëè (<TT>xxx</TT> <= 4) <A HREF="format.html#subframe_fixed"><TT>ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌ_FIXED</TT></A>, <TT>xxx</TT> = ïîðÿäîê; èíà÷å çàðåçåðâèðîâàíî</LI>\r
- <LI><TT>01xxxx</TT> : çàðåçåðâèðîâàíî</LI>\r
- <LI><TT>1xxxxx</TT> : <A HREF="format.html#subframe_lpc"><TT>ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌ_LPC</TT></A>, <TT>xxxxx = ïîðÿäîê-1</TT></LI>\r
- </UL>\r
- </TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><1+k></TD>\r
- <TD>Ôëàã 'íåèñïîëüçóåìûå áèòû íà ñýìïë':\r
- <UL>\r
- <LI>0 : â èñõîäíîì ïîäáëîêå íåò 'íåèñïîëüçóåìûõ áèòîâ', <TT>k=0</TT></LI>\r
- <LI>1 : <TT>k</TT> 'íåèñïîëüçóåìûõ áèòîâ' â èñõîäíîì ïîäáëîêå, ÷èñëî çàïèñûâàåòñÿ â óíàðíîì ôîðìàòå; ò.å. äëÿ <TT>k=3</TT> ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîñòü áèòîâ áóäåò âûãëÿäåòü òàê <TT>001</TT>, äëÿ <TT>k=7</TT> - <TT>0000001</TT>.</LI>\r
- </UL>\r
- </TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"> </TD>\r
- <TD><B>Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ</B>:\r
- <UL>\r
- <LI>'Íåèñïîëüçóåìûå áèòû' âñòðå÷àþòñÿ â áëîêå äàííûõ, åñëè ïðè çàÿâëåííûõ <TT>n</TT> áèòàõ çíà÷èìûìè ÿâëÿþòñÿ òîëüêî <TT>m</TT>. ×èñëî <TT>k = n - m</TT> è áóäåò îïðåäåëÿòü êîëè÷åñòâî 'íåèñïîëüçóåìûõ áèòîâ'. Íàïðèìåð, åñëè âñå 16-áèòíûå ñýìïëû â èñõîäíîì ïîäáëîêå âûãëÿäÿò êàê 'xxxxxxxxxxxxx000', òî åíêîäåð êîäèðóåò òîëüêî 13 áèò, è çàïîìèíàåò, ÷òî 3 áèòà ÿâëÿþòñÿ 'íåèñïîëüçóåìûìè'.</LI>\r
- </UL>\r
- </TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-</TABLE></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">\r
-\r
-<TR><TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0">\r
-<A NAME="subframe_constant"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>\r
-ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌ_CONSTANT</TT></B></FONT></A></TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR><TD VALIGN="TOP">\r
-<n></TD>\r
-<TD>Íåñæàòîå ïîñòîÿííîå çíà÷åíèå ïîäáëîêà, <TT>n</TT> ðàâíî êîëè÷åñòâó áèòîâ íà ñýìïë âî ôðåéìå</TD><TR>\r
-</TABLE></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="subframe_fixed"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌ_FIXED</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><n></TD>\r
- <TD>Íåêîäèðóåìûå íà÷àëüíûå ñýìïëû (<TT>n</TT> ðàâíî êîëè÷åñòâó áèòîâ íà ñýìïë âî ôðåéìå, óìíîæåííîìó íà ïîðÿäîê ïðåäèêòîðà).</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#residual"><TT>ÎÑÒÀÒÎÊ</TT></A></TD>\r
- <TD>Çàêîäèðîâàííûé îñòàòîê</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-</TABLE></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="subframe_lpc"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌ_LPC</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><n></TD>\r
- <TD>Íåêîäèðóåìûå íà÷àëüíûå ñýìïëû (<TT>n</TT> ðàâíî êîëè÷åñòâó áèòîâ íà ñýìïë âî ôðåéìå, óìíîæåííîìó íà ïîðÿäîê ïðåäèêòîðà).</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><4></TD>\r
- <TD><TT>(òî÷íîñòü äèñêðåòíîãî êîýôôèöèåòà ëèíåéíîãî ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèÿ (QLP)) - 1</TT>. Çíà÷åíèå <TT>1111</TT> íåäîïóñòèìî.</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><5></TD>\r
- <TD>Íåîáõîäèìûé ñäâèã äèñêðåòíîãî êîýôôèöèåòà ëèíåéíîãî ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèÿ â áèòàõ. (<B>Ïðèìå÷àíèå</B>: ýòî ÷èñëî - çíàêîâîå äîïîëíåíèå äî äâóõ).</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><n></TD>\r
- <TD>Íåñæàòûå êîýôôèöèåíòû ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèÿ <TT>(n = òî÷íîñòü QLP * ïîðÿäîê LPC)</TT> (<B>Ïðèìå÷àíèå</B>: ýòè ÷èñëà ÿâëÿþòñÿ çíàêîâûìè äîïîëíåíèÿìè äî äâóõ).</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#residual"><TT>ÎÑÒÀÒÎÊ</TT></A></TD>\r
- <TD>Çàêîäèðîâàííûé îñòàòîê</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-</TABLE></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="subframe_verbatim"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌ_VERBATIM</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><n*i></TD>\r
- <TD>Íåñæàòûé ïîäáëîê, <TT>n</TT> ðàâíî êîëè÷åñòâó áèòîâ íà ñýìïë âî ôðåéìå, <TT>i</TT> - ðàçìåðó áëîêà</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-</TABLE></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="residual"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÎÑÒÀÒÎÊ</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><2></TD>\r
- <TD>Ìåòîä êîäèðîâàíèÿ îñòàòêîâ:\r
- <UL>\r
- <LI><TT>00</TT> : êîäèðîâàíèå Ðàéñà</LI>\r
- <LI><TT>01-11</TT> : çàðåçåðâèðîâàíî</LI>\r
- </UL>\r
- </TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#partitioned_rice"><TT>ÎÑÒÀÒÊÈ_ÑÆÀÒÛÅ_ÌÅÒÎÄÎÌ_ÐÀÉÑÀ</TT></A></TD>\r
- <TD> </TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"> </TD>\r
- <TD><B>Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ:</B>\r
- <UL>\r
- <LI>Ñåé÷àñ FLAC èñïîëüçóåò òîëüêî îäèí ìåòîä êîäèðîâàíèÿ îñòàòêîâ</LI>\r
- </UL>\r
- </TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-</TABLE></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="partitioned_rice"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÎÑÒÀÒÊÈ_ÑÆÀÒÛÅ_ÌÅÒÎÄÎÌ_ÐÀÉÑÀ</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><4></TD>\r
- <TD>Ïîðÿäîê ðàçäåëà</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#rice_partition"><TT>ÐÀÇÄÅË_ÐÀÉÑÀ</TT></A>+</TD>\r
- <TD>Äàëåå ñëåäóþò 2^ïîðÿäîê ðàçäåëîâ</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-</TABLE></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="rice_partition"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÐÀÇÄÅË_ÐÀÉÑÀ</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><4(+5)></TD>\r
- <TD>Ïàðàìåòð êîäèðîâàíèÿ:\r
- <UL>\r
- <LI><TT>0000-1110</TT> : Ïàðàìåòð Ðàéñà.</LI>\r
- <LI><TT>1111</TT> : Êîä, îçíà÷àþùèé, ÷òî ðàçäåë ÿâëÿåòñÿ íåñæàòûì è â íåì èñïîëüçóþòñÿ <TT>n</TT> áèòîâ íà ñýìïë. <TT>n</TT> ïðåäñòàâëåíî 5-áèòíûì ÷èñëîì.\r
- </UL>\r
- </TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD VALIGN="TOP"><?></TD>\r
- <TD>Çàêîäèðîâàííûé îñòàòîê. Êîëè÷åñòâî ñýìïëîâ <TT>n</TT> â ðàçäåëå îïðåäåëÿåòñÿ ñëåäóþùèì îáðàçîì:\r
- <UL>\r
- <LI>Åñëè ïîðÿäîê ðàçäåëà ðàâåí <TT>0</TT>, <TT>n</TT> ðàâíî ðàçìåðó áëîêà äëÿ ôðåéìà.</LI>\r
- <LI>èíà÷å åñëè ýòî íå ïåðâûé ðàçäåë ïîäôðåéìà, <TT>n = (ðàçìåð áëîêà äëÿ ôðåéìà / (2^ïîðÿäîê ðàçäåëà))</TT></LI>\r
- <LI>èíà÷å <TT>n = (ðàçìåð áëîêà äëÿ ôðåéìà / (2^ïîðÿäîê ðàçäåëà)) - ïîðÿäîê ïðåäèêòîðà</TT></LI>\r
- </UL>\r
- </TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-</TABLE></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<P> Copyright (c) 2001 Josh Coalson</P>\r
-\r
-</BODY>\r
-</HTML>\r
+<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//RU">
+<!-- Copyright (c) 2001 Josh Coalson -->
+<!-- Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document -->
+<!-- under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 -->
+<!-- or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; -->
+<!-- with no invariant sections. -->
+<!-- A copy of the license can be found at http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html -->
+<HTML>
+<HEAD>
+<META CHARSET="windows-1251">
+<TITLE>FLAC: ôîðìàò</TITLE>
+</HEAD>
+
+<BODY>
+<CENTER><TABLE cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0>
+<TR>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD height=22 align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="index.html">íà÷àëî</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="news.html">íîâîñòè</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="download.html">ôàéëû</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="features.html">õàðàêòåðèñòèêè</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="goals.html">öåëè</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ ôîðìàò </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>
+
+<TR>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="id.html">id</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="comparison.html">ñðàâíåíèå</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="developers.html">ðàçðàáîòêà</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="documentation.html">äîêóìåíòàöèÿ</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="links.html">ññûëêè</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="authors.html">àâòîðû</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>
+</TABLE></CENTER>
+
+<P><CENTER><TABLE cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0>
+<TR><TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD height=22 align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="../format.html">english</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ ðóññêèé</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>
+</TABLE></CENTER></P>
+
+
+<CENTER><H2>FLAC: ôîðìàò</H2></CENTER>
+
+
+<H3>Ôîðìàò</H3>
+
+<P>Çäåñü ïðèâåäåíî ïîëíîå îïèñàíèå ôîðìàòà FLAC. Ôîðìàò ñåé÷àñ íàõîäèòñÿ íà ñòàäèè áåòà-òåñòèðîâàíèÿ. Ýòî çíà÷èò, ÷òî èçìåíåíèÿ, íàðóøàþùèå îáðàòíóþ ñîâìåñòèìîñòü, áóäóò âíîñèòüñÿ òîëüêî â ñëó÷àå îáíàðóæåíèÿ ñåðüçíûõ îøèáîê â ôîðìàòå. Äî ïåðâîãî îôèöèàëüíîãî ðåëèçà ëó÷øå âîçäåðæàòüñÿ îò èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ FLAC äëÿ äîëãîâðåìåííîãî àðõèâèðîâàíèÿ äàííûõ.</P>
+
+
+<H4>Îò àâòîðà</H4>
+
+<P>Âî-ïåðâûõ, êàê îñíîâíîé ðàçðàáîò÷èê, ÿ äîëæåí îòìåòèòü, ÷òî íå ÿâëÿþñü ýêñïåðòîì â îáëàñòè ñæàòèÿ, ïîýòîìó ÷óâñòâóþ ñåáÿ îáÿçàííûì ïîáëàãîäàðèòü ìíîãèõ ëþäåé, ðàáîòàâøèõ íàä óëó÷øåíèåì àëãîðèòìîâ êîìïðåññèè àóäèîäàííûõ. Îòäåëüíóþ áëàãîäàðíîñòü ÿ âûðàæàþ:</P>
+
+<P><BLOCKQUOTE>
+<LI><A HREF="http://svr-www.eng.cam.ac.uk/~ajr/">Ý. Ðîáèíñîíó</A> çà ðàáîòó íàä Shorten. Åãî êîä è ñòàòüÿ ïîñëóæèëè îòïðàâíîé òî÷êîé äëÿ íåñêîëüêèõ îñíîâíûõ ìåòîäîâ, çàëîæåííûõ âî FLAC. FLAC ðàçâèë èäåþ ïîñòîÿííûõ ïðåäèêòîðîâ, èñïîëüçóåìóþ â Shorten.</LI>
+
+<LI><A HREF="http://commsci.usc.edu/faculty/golomb.html">Ñ. Ãîëîìáó</A> è Ðîáåðòó Ðàéñó. Èõ óíèâåðñàëüíûå êîäû èñïîëüçóþòñÿ êîäåðîì ýíòðîïèè.</LI>
+
+<LI>Í. Ëåâèíñîíó è Äæ. Äàðáèíó. Áàçîâûé åíêîäåð èñïîëüçóåò ðàçðàáîòàííûé è óëó÷øåííûé èìè àëãîðèòì äëÿ îïðåäåëåíèÿ LPC êîýôôèöèåíòîâ èç êîýôôèöèåíòîâ àâòîêîððåëÿöèè.</LI>
+
+<LI>È, êîíå÷íî æå, <A HREF="http://www.digitalcentury.com/encyclo/update/shannon.html">Ê. Øåííîíó.</A></LI>
+</BLOCKQUOTE></P>
+
+<P>--Äæîø Êîëñîí</P>
+
+
+<a name="scope">
+<H4><u>Îáëàñòü ïðèìåíåíèÿ</u></H4>
+
+<P>Îáùåèçâåñòíî, ÷òî íåò àëãîðèòìà, ñïîñîáíîãî ñæàòü áåç ïîòåðü âõîäíûå äàííûå ëþáîãî òèïà. Áîëüøèíñòâî àðõèâàòîðîâ ïîçèöèîíèðóþòñÿ äëÿ ðàáîòû ñ äàííûìè îïðåäåëåííîãî âèäà è îïòèìèçèðóþòñÿ äëÿ ýòîé îáëàñòè. FLAC ïðåäíàçíà÷åí äëÿ ñæàòèÿ àóäèîäàííûõ. Íåñìîòðÿ íà òî, ÷òî îí ìîæåò ñæàòü áåç ïîòåðü äàííûå ëþáîãî òèïà, òîëüêî îïðåäåëåííûé ââîä àðõèâèðóåòñÿ õîðîøî. FLAC èñïîëüçóåò òîò ôàêò, ÷òî îáû÷íî àóäèîäàííûå èìåþò âûñîêèé ïîðÿäîê êîððåëÿöèè ìåæäó ñýìïëàìè.</P>
+
+<P> îáëàñòè àóäèî ñóùåñòâóåò ìíîæåñòâî âîçìîæíûõ ïîäðàçäåëîâ. Íàïðèìåð, ðå÷ü ñ íèçêèì áèòðåéòîì, ìíîãîêàíàëüíàÿ ìóçûêà ñ âûñîêîé ÷àñòîòîé äèñêðåòèçàöèè è ò.ä. FLAC íå íàöåëåí íà êàêîé-ëèáî ïîäðàçäåë, îäíàêî áîëüøèíñòâî ïàðàìåòðîâ ïî óìîë÷àíèþ áàçîâîãî åíêîäåðà ðàññ÷èòàíû íà CD-àóäèî (ò.å. 44.1êÃö, 2 êàíàëà, 16 áèò íà ñýìïë). Âëèÿíèå ïàðàìåòðîâ êîäèðîâàíèÿ íà ðàçíûå òèïû àóäèî áóäåò ðàññìîòðåíî ïîçæå.</P>
+
+<a name="architecture">
+<H4><u>Àðõèòåêòóðà</u></H4>
+
+<P>Ïîäîáíî áîëüøèíñòâó ïðîãðàìì ïîäáíîãî ðîäà, åíêîäåð FLAC âûïîëíÿåò ñëåäóþùèå äåéñòâèÿ:</P>
+
+<P><BLOCKQUOTE>
+<LI><A HREF="format.html#blocking">Ðàçáèåíèå íà áëîêè</A>. Ââîä ðàçáèâàåòñÿ íà ìíîæåñòâî ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíûõ áëîêîâ, êîòîðûå ìîãóò èìåòü ðàçëè÷íûé ðàçìåð. Îïòèìàëüíûé ðàçìåð áëîêà îáû÷íî çàâèñèò îò ìíîãèõ ôàêòîðîâ, òàêèõ êàê ÷àñòîòà äèñêåòèçàöèè, ñïåêòðàëüíàÿ õàðàêòåðèñòèêà âî âðåìåíè è ò.ä. Íåñìîòðÿ íà òî, ÷òî ôîðìàò FLAC ïîçâîëÿåò èñïîëüçîâàòü â ïîòîêå áëîêè ðàçëè÷íîãî ðàçìåðà, áàçîâûé åíêîäåð èñïîëüçóåò ïîñòîÿííûé ðàçìåð.</LI>
+
+<LI><A HREF="format.html#interchannel">Ìåæêàíàëüíàÿ äåêîððåëÿöèÿ</A>.  ñëó÷àå ñòåðåîïîòîêîâ åíêîäåð ñîçäàåò ñðåäíèé è ðàçíîñòíûé ñèãíàëû, îñíîâàííûå íà ñðåäíåì çíà÷åíèè ìåæäó ëåâûì è ïðàâûì êàíàëàìè è èõ ðàçíîñòè ñîîòâåòñòâåííî. Íà ñëåäóþùèé ýòàï êîäèðîâàíèÿ ïåðåäàåòñÿ ëó÷øèé èç âàðèàíòîâ ñæàòîãî ñèãíàëà.</LI>
+
+<LI><A HREF="format.html#prediction">Ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèå</A>. Äàëåå åíêîäåð ïûòàåòñÿ íàéòè ìàòåìàòè÷åñêîå îïèñàíèå ñèãíàëà (îáû÷íî ïðèáëèçèòåëüíîå). Çà÷àñòóþ îíî çíà÷èòåëüíî ìåíüøå ñàìîãî ñèãíàëà. Òàê êàê ìåòîäû ïðåäñêàçàíèÿ èçâåñòíû è êîäåðó, è äåêîäåðó â ïîòîêå íóæíî óêàçàòü òîëüêî ïàðàìåòðû ïðåäèêòîðà. Ñåé÷àñ FLAC èñïîëüçóåò ÷åòûðå ðàçëè÷íûõ êëàññà ïðåäèêòîðîâ (îïèñàííûõ â ðàçäåëå <A HREF="format.html#prediction">Ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèå</A>), íî â ôîðìàòå ïðåäóñìîòðåíî ìåñòî äëÿ äîïîëíèòåëüíûõ ìåòîäîâ. FLAC äîïóñêàåò èçìåíåíèå êëàññà ïðåäèêòîðà îò áëîêà ê áëîêó è äàæå â ïðåäåëàõ êàíàëà â áëîêå.</LI>
+
+<LI><A HREF="format.html#residualcoding">Êîäèðîâàíèå îñòàòêîâ</A>. Åñëè ïðåäèêòîð íå îïèñûâàåò ñèãíàë òî÷íî, ðàçíèöà ìåæäó îðèãèíàëüíûì ñèãíàëîì è ñïðîãíîçèðîâàííûì (íàçûâàåìûì åùå îøèáî÷íûì èëè îñòàòî÷íûì) äîëæíà áûòü çàêîäèðîâàíà áåç ïîòåðü. Åñëè ïðåäñêàçàíèå ýôôåêòèâíî, îñòàòî÷íûé ñèãíàë áóäåò çàíèìàòü ìåíüøå áèò íà ñýìïë, ÷åì îðèãèíàëüíûé ñèãíàë. Ñåé÷àñ FLAC èñïîëüçóåò òîëüêî îäèí ìåòîä äëÿ êîäèðîâàíèÿ îñòàòêîâ (ñì. ðàçäåë <A HREF="format.html#residualcoding">Êîäèðîâàíèå îñòàòêîâ</A>), îäíàêî â ôîðìàòå ïðåäóñìîòðåíî ìåñòî äëÿ äîïîëíèòåëüíûõ ìåòîäîâ. FLAC äîïóñêàåò èçìåíåíèå ìåòîäà êîäèðîâàíèÿ îñòàòêîâ îò áëîêà ê áëîêó è äàæå â ïðåäåëàõ êàíàëà â áëîêå.</LI>
+</BLOCKQUOTE></P>
+
+<P> äîïîëíåíèå êî âñåìó îïðåäåëåíà ñèñòåìà ìåòàäàííûõ, ïîçâîëÿþùàÿ äîáàâëÿòü â íà÷àëî ïîòîêà ïðîèçâîëüíóþ èíôîðìàöèþ.</P>
+
+
+<a name="definitions">
+<H4><u>Îïðåäåëåíèÿ</u></H4>
+
+<P>Ìíîãèå òåðìèíû, òàêèå êàê "áëîê" è "ôðåéì", èìåþò ðàçëè÷íîå çíà÷åíèå â ñõåìàõ êîäèðîâàíèÿ. Íàïðèìåð, ôðåéì â mp3 ñîîâåòñòâóåò ìíîãèì ñýìïëàì âî âñåõ êàíàëàõ, â òî âðåìÿ êàê ôðåéì S/PDIF ïðåäñòàâëÿåò òîëüêî îäèí ñýìïë äëÿ êàæäîãî êàíàëà. Îáðàòèòå âíèìàíèå íà òî, ÷òî, ãîâîðÿ î "áëîêàõ" è "ïîäáëîêàõ", ìû ññûëàåìñÿ íà íåçàêîäèðîâàííûå àóäèîäàííûå, à òåðìèíû "ôðåéì" è "ïîäôðåéì" èñïîëüçóåì äëÿ äàííûõ ñæàòûõ FLAC.</P>
+
+<P><BLOCKQUOTE>
+<LI><B>Áëîê</B> - ýòî îäèí èëè áîëåå ñýìïëîâ, íàõîäÿùèõñÿ â íåñêîëüêèõ êàíàëàõ.</LI>
+
+<LI><B>Ïîäáëîê</B> - ýòî îäèí èëè áîëåå ñýìïëîâ èç îäíîãî êàíàëà. Òàêèì îáðàçîì, áëîê ñîäåðæèò ïîäáëîê äëÿ êàæäîãî êàíàëà è âñå ïîäáëîêè â íåì ñîäåðæàò îäèíàêîâîå êîëè÷åñòâî ñýìïëîâ.</LI>
+
+<LI><B>Ðàçìåð áëîêà</B> - ýòî êîëè÷åñòâî ñýìïëîâ â ëþáîì èç ñâîèõ ïîäáëîêîâ. Íàïðèìåð, áëîê äëèíîé â îäíó ñåêóíäó ñ ÷àñòîòîé äåñêðåòèçàöèè 44.1êÃö èìååò ðàçìåð áëîêà 44100 âíå çàâèñèìîñòè îò êîëè÷åñòâà êàíàëîâ.</LI>
+
+<LI><B>Ôðåéì</B> - ýòî çàãîëîâîê è îäèí èëè íåñêîëüêî ïîäôðåéìîâ.</LI>
+
+<LI><B>Ïîäôðåéì</B> - ýòî çàãîëîâîê è îäèí èëè íåñêîëüêî çàêîäèðîâàííûõ ñýìïëîâ èç äàííîãî êàíàëà. Âñå ïîäôðåéìû â äàííîì ôðåéìå ñîäåðæàò îäèíàêîâîå êîëè÷åñòâî ñýìïëîâ.</LI>
+</BLOCKQUOTE></P>
+
+
+<a name="blocking">
+<H4><u>Ðàçáèåíèå íà áëîêè</u></H4>
+
+<P>Ðàçìåð áëîêîâ ñèëüíî âëèÿåò íà óðîâåíü ñæàòèÿ. Åñëè ðàçìåð áëîêà áóäåò ñëèøêîì ìàë, òî â èòîãå ïîëó÷èòñÿ î÷åíü ìíîãî ôðåéìîâ, à ýòî çíà÷èò, ÷òî íà çàãîëîâêè áóäåò ïîòðà÷åíî ìíîãî áèòîâ. Åñëè æå ðàçìåð áëîêà áîëüøîé, à õàðàêòåðèñòèêè ñèãíàëà ñèëüíî âàðüèðóþòñÿ, åíêîäåð íå ñìîæåò íàéòè õîðîøèé ïðåäèêòîð. ×òîáû óïðîñòèòü êîäåê, FLAC îïðåäåëÿåò ìèíèìàëüíûé ðàçìåð áëîêà â 16 ñýìïëîâ, à ìàêñèìàëüíûé â 65535 ñýìïëîâ. Ýòîò èíòåðâàë ïîêðûâàåò îïòèìàëüíûå ðàçìåðû áëîêîâ äëÿ âñåõ àóäèîäàííûõ, ïîääåðæèâàåìûõ FLAC.</P>
+
+<P>Ñåé÷àñ áàçîâûé åíêîäåð èñïîëüçóåò ïîñòîÿííûé ðàçìåð áëîêà, îïòèìèçèðîâàííûé ïî ÷àñòîòå äèñêðåòèçàöèè ââîäà. Ïîñëåäóþùèå âåðñèè ñìîãóò èçìåíÿòü ðàçìåð áëîêà â çàâèñèìîñòè îò õàðàêòåðèñòèê ñèãíàëà.</P>
+
+<P>Ðàçáèòûå íà áëîêè äàííûå ïåðåäàþòñÿ íà ñòàäèþ ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèÿ ïî îäíîìó ïîäáëîêó. Êàæäûé ïîäáëîê êîäèðóåòñÿ â ïîäôðåéì íåçàâèñèìî, à ïîçæå îíè îáúåíäèíÿþòñÿ âî ôðåéì. Òàê êàê êàæäûé êàíàë êîäèðóåòñÿ îòäåëüíî, ýòî îçíà÷àåò, ÷òî îäèí êàíàë ñòåðåî ôðåéìà ìîæåò ñæèìàòüñÿ êàê ïîñòîÿííûé ïîäôðåéì, à âòîðîé êàê LPC ïîäôðåéì.</P>
+
+
+<a name="interchannel">
+<H4><u>Ìåæêàíàëüíàÿ äåêîððåëÿöèÿ</u></H4>
+
+<P> áîëüøèíñòâå ñëó÷àåâ â ñòåðåî ïîòîêàõ ñóùåñòâóåò äîñòàòî÷íûé óðîâåíü êîððåëÿöèè ìåæäó ëåâûì è ïðàâûì êàíàëàìè. FLAC ïîçâîëÿåò ôðåéìàì â ñòåðåî ïîòîêàõ èìåòü ðàçëè÷íîå ðàñïðåäåëåíèå êàíàëîâ, à åíêîäåð ìîæåò èñïîëüçîâàòü ëó÷øåå ïðåäñòàâëåíèå.</P>
+
+<P><BLOCKQUOTE>
+<LI><B>Íåçàâèñèìîå</B>. Ëåâûé è ïðàâûé êàíàëû êîäèðóþòñÿ íåçàâèñèìî.</LI>
+
+<LI><B>Ðàçíîñòíîå</B>. Ëåâûé è ïðàâûé êàíàë ïðåîáðàçîâûâàþòñÿ â ñðåäíèé è îñòàòî÷íûé êàíàëû. Ñðåäíèé êàíàë - ýòî ñðåäíåå çíà÷åíèå ëåâîãî è ïðàâîãî ñèãíàëîâ, à îñòàòî÷íûé - ðàçíèöà ìåæäó íèìè (ëåâûé ìèíóñ ïðàâûé).</LI>
+
+<LI><B>Ëåâîñòîðîííåå</B>. Êîäèðóåòñÿ ëåâûé è îñòàòî÷íûé êàíàëû.</LI>
+
+<LI><B>Ïðàâîîñòîðîííåå</B>. Êîäèðóåòñÿ ïðàâûé è îñòàòî÷íûé êàíàëû.</LI>
+</BLOCKQUOTE></P>
+
+<P>Îêàçûâàåòñÿ, ÷òî ëåâîñòîðîííåå è ïðàâîñòîðîííåå êîäèðîâàíèå ìîãóò áûòü áîëåå ýôôåêòèâíûìè âî ìíîãèõ ôðåéìàõ, íåñìîòðÿ íà òî, ÷òî íåîáõîäèìîå äëÿ îðèãèíàëüíîãî ñèãíàëà êîëè÷åñòâî áèòîâ íà ñýìïë íåìíîãî áîëüøå, ÷åì äëÿ íåçàâèñèìîãî èëè óñðåäíåííîãî êîäèðîâàíèÿ.</P>
+
+
+<a name="prediction">
+<H4><u>Ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèå</u></H4>
+
+<P>FLAC èñïîëüçóåò ÷åòûðå ìåòîäà äëÿ ìîäåëèðîâàíèÿ âõîäíîãî ñèãíàëà:</P>
+
+<P><BLOCKQUOTE>
+<LI><B>Äîñëîâíûé</B>. Ïî ñóùåñòâó ýòî ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèå ñèãíàëà íóëåâîãî óðîâíÿ. Ïðåäèêòîðîì ñèãíàëà ÿâëÿåòñÿ ñàì ñèãíàë, ïîòîìó ñæàòèå íå ïðîèñõîäèò. Ýòî îáðàçåö, ñ êîòîðûì ñâåðÿþòñÿ âñå îñòàëüíûå ïðåäèêòîðû. Åñëè ïåðåäàòü åíêîäåðó ñëó÷àéíûå äàííûå, äëÿ âñåõ ïîäáëîêîâ ñêîðå âñåãî áóäåò èñïîëüçîâàí äîñëîâíûé ïðåäèêòîð. Òàê êàê íåîáðàáîòàííûé ñèãíàë íå ïðîõîäèò ñòàäèþ êîäèðîâàíèÿ îñòàòêîâ, ðåçóëüòàòû íå áóäóò ñîâïàäàòü ñ ëèíåéíûì ïðåäèêòîðîì íóëåâîãî ïîðÿäêà.</LI>
+
+<LI><B>Ïîñòîÿííûé</B>. Ýòîò ïðåäèêòîð èñïîëüçóåòñÿ, êîãäà ïîäáëîê ñîäåðæèò öèôðîâóþ òèøèíó, ò.å. íà âõîä ïîñòóïàåò îäíà êîíñòàíòà. Ñèãíàë êîäèðóåòñÿ ïî âñåé äëèíå è äîáàâëÿåòñÿ ê ïîòîêó.</LI>
+
+<LI><B>Ïîñòîÿííûé ëèíåéíûé ïðåäèêòîð</B>. FLAC èñïîëüçóåò êëàññ ýôôåêòèâíî âû÷èñëÿåìûõ ïîñòîÿííûõ ëèíåéíûõ ïðåäèêòîðîâ (õîðîøåå îïèñàíèå ïðèâåäåíî ó <A HREF="http://svr-www.eng.cam.ac.uk/~ajr/GroupPubs/Robinson94-tr156/index.html">Shorten</A> è <A HREF="http://www.hpl.hp.com/techreports/1999/HPL-1999-144.pdf">AudioPak</A>). FLAC äîáàâëÿåò ïðåäèêòîð ÷åòâåðòîãî óðîâíÿ ê èñïîëüçîâàííûì â Shorten ïðåäèêòîðàì îò íóëåâîãî äî òðåòüåãî óðîâíÿ. Òàê êàê ïðåäèêòîðû ïîñòîÿííû, â ñæàòîì ïîòîêå íåîáõîäèìî ñîõðàíèòü òîëüêî ïîðÿäîê ïðåäèêòîðà. Îñòàòî÷íûé ñèãíàë ïåðåäàåòñÿ êîäåðó îñòàòêîâ.</LI>
+
+<LI><B>Ëèíåéíîå ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèå FIR</B>. Äëÿ áîëåå òî÷íîãî ìîäåëèðîâàíèÿ (çà ñ÷åò ìåäëåííîé ðàáîòû) FLAC ïîääåðæèâàåò ëèíåéíîå ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèå FIR äî 32 ïîðÿäêà (ñì. <A HREF="http://svr-www.eng.cam.ac.uk/~ajr/GroupPubs/Robinson94-tr156/index.html">Shorten</A> è <A HREF="http://www.hpl.hp.com/techreports/1999/HPL-1999-144.pdf">AudioPak</A>). Áàçîâûé åíêîäåð èñïîëüçóåò ìåòîä Ëåâèíñîíà-Äàðáèíà äëÿ ðàñ÷åòà LPC êîýôôèöèåíòîâ èç êîýôôèöèåíòîâ àâòîêîððåëÿöèè è êîýôôèöèåíòû ðàçáèâàþòñÿ ïåðåä âû÷èñëåíèåì îñòàòêîâ.  òî âðåìÿ êàê òàêèå åíêîäåðû êàê Shorten èñïîëüçóþò ïîñòîÿííîå ðàçáèåíèå äëÿ âñåãî ââîäà, FLAC ïîçâîëÿåò äëÿ êàæäîãî ôðåéìà ìåíÿòü òî÷íîñòü êîýôôèöèåíòà ðàçáèåíèÿ. Áàçîâûé åíêîäåð FLAC îöåíèâàåò îïòèìàëüíóþ òî÷íîñòü, îñíîâûâàÿñü íà ðàçìåðå áëîêà è äèàïàçîíå îðèãèíàëüíîãî ñèãíàëà.</LI>
+</BLOCKQUOTE></P>
+
+<a name="residualcoding">
+<H4><u>Êîäèðîâàíèå îñòàòêîâ</u></H4>
+
+<P>Äëÿ êîäèðîâàíèÿ îñòàòî÷íîãî ñèãíàëà îò ñòàäèè ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèÿ FLAC èñïîëüçóåò äâà ïîõîæèõ ìåòîäà. Îñòàòî÷íûé ñèãíàë ñæèìàåòñÿ ñ èñïîëüçîâàíèåì êîäîâ Ðàéñà ñëåäóþùèìè ñïîñîáàìè:</P>
+
+<BLOCKQUOTE><ol>
+<LI>Åíêîäåð îöåíèâàåò îäèíî÷íûé ïàðàìåòð Ðàéñà, îñíîâàííûé íà ðàçíèöå îñòàòêà è êîäîâ Ðàéñà. Âåñü îñòàòîê êîäèðóåòñÿ ñ èñïîëüçîâàíèåì ýòîãî ïàðàìåòðà.</LI>
+
+<LI>Îñòàòîê äåëèòñÿ íà íåñêîëüêî èíòåðâàëîâ îäèíàêîâîé äëèíû è êàæäûé èç íèõ êîäèðóåòñÿ ñî ñâîèì ïàðàìåòðîì Ðàéñà, îñíîâàííûì íà ñðåäíåì çíà÷åíèè äëÿ äàííîãî èíòåðâàëà.</LI>
+</ol></BLOCKQUOTE>
+
+<P>Îáðàòèòå âíèìàíèå íà òî, ÷òî ïåðâûé ìåòîä ÿâëÿåòñÿ ÷àñòíûì ñëó÷àåì âòîðîãî ñ îäíèì èíòåðâàëîì. Îòëè÷èå ñîñòîèò â òîì, ÷òî â ïåðâîì ìåòîäå ïàðàìåòð Ðàéñà âû÷èñëÿåòñÿ äëÿ ðàçíèöû îñòàòêà, à íå äëÿ ñðåäíåãî çíà÷åíèÿ.</P>
+
+<P>Â ôîðìàòå FLAC çàðåçåðâèðîâàíî ìåñòî äëÿ äðóãèõ ìåòîäîâ êîäèðîâàíèÿ. Êòî-íèáóäü ìîæåò ïîïûòàòüñÿ íàéòè ëó÷øåå êîíòåêñòíîå ìîäåëèðîâàíèå ïàðàìåòðà Ðàéñà èëè êîäèðîâàíèÿ Õàôôìàíà. Îïèñàíèÿ íåñêîëüêèõ óíèâåðñàëüíûõ êîäîâ ìîæíî íàéòè íà ñòðàíèöàõ <A HREF="http://www.hpl.hp.com/techreports/98/HPL-98-193.html">LOCO-I</A> è <A HREF="http://www.cs.tut.fi/~albert/Dev/pucrunch/packing.html">pucrunch</A>.</P>
+
+
+<a name="prediction">
+<H4><u>Ôîðìàò</u></H4>
+
+<P> ýòîì ðàçäåëå îïèñûâàåòñÿ ôîðìàò ôàéëà. Ôîðìàò FLAC íå ïðåäóñìàòðèâàåò ïîëÿ äëÿ íîìåðà âåðñèè, îäíàêî ñîäåðæèò íåñêîëüêî çàðåçåðâèðîâàííûõ ïîçèöèé. Ïîñëåäóþùèå âåðñèè ñìîãóò èñïîëüçîâàòü ýòî ìåñòî áåç íàðóøåíèÿ ñîâìåñòèìîñòè ñ ïðåäûäóùèìè âåðñèÿìè. Áîëåå ñòàðûå âåðñèè äåêîäåðîâ ìîãóò ëèáî ïðåêðàùàòü ðàáîòó, ëèáî ïðîïóñêàòü äàííûå, çàêîäèðîâàííûå íîâûìè ìåòîäàìè. Êðîìå òîãî çàðåçåðâèðîâàíû íåêîòîðûå ñïåöèàëüíûå çíà÷åíèÿ, êîòîðûå íå ìîãóò ïîÿâèòüñÿ íè â îäíîé èç âåðñèé ôîðìàòà. Ýòî îáû÷íî äåëàåòñÿ äëÿ óëó÷øåíèÿ ìåõàíèçìà ñèíõðîíèçàöèè.</P>
+
+<P>Âñå ÷èñëà â ôîðìàòå FLAC ÿâëÿþòñÿ öåëûìè, ìëàäøèé áàéò êîòîðûõ çàïèñûâàåòñÿ âíà÷àëå (big-endian). ×èñëà ÿâëÿþòñÿ áåççíàêîâûìè, êðîìå òåõ ñëó÷àåâ, ãäå ÿâíî óêàçàíî îáðàòíîå.</P>
+
+<a name="overview">
+<P>Ê ïîòîêó FLAC ìîãóò áûòü äîáàâëåíû òýãè ID3v1 (â êîíöå) è ID3v2 (â íà÷àëå). Ýòè äàííûå íå îòíîñÿòñÿ ê ôîðìàòó, îäíàêî äåêîäåð óìååò ïðîïóñêàòü èõ. Ïëàãèíû ââîäà ïîääåðæèâàþò òýãè ID3v1.</P>
+
+<P>Ïåðåä ïîëíûì îïèñàíèåì ôîðìàòà ïðèâåäåì åãî êðàòêèé îáçîð.</P>
+
+<P><BLOCKQUOTE>
+<LI>Ôîðìàò FLAC ñîñòîèò èç ìàðêåðà "fLaC" â íà÷àëå ïîòîêà, çà êîòîðûì ñëåäóåò îáÿçàòåëüíûé áëîê STREAMINFO, ëþáîå êîëè÷åñòâî äðóãèõ áëîêîâ ìåòàäàííûõ, à çàòåì àóäèîôðåéìû.</LI>
+
+<LI>FLAC ïîääåðæèâàåò äî 128 áëîêîâ ìåòàäàííûõ. Ñåé÷àñ îïðåäåëåíû:</LI>
+
+<UL>
+<A NAME="def_STREAMINFO">
+<LI><TT>STREAMINFO</TT>: Ýòîò áëîê ñîäåðæèò èíôîðìàöèþ îáî âñåì ïîòîêå (÷àñòîòó äèñêðåòèçàöèè, êîëè÷åñòâî êàíàëîâ, êîëè÷åñòâî ñýìïëîâ è ò.ä.). Îí âñåãäà äîëæåí áûòü ïåðâûì áëîêîì ìåòàäàííûõ â ïîòîêå. Ñëåäóþùèå áëîêè äîëæíû ñëåäîâàòü çà íèì, è ìîãóò áûòü ïðîïóùåíû äåêîäåðîì.</LI>
+
+<A NAME="def_APPLICATION">
+<LI><TT>APPLICATION</TT>: Ýòîò áëîê ïðåäíàçíà÷åí äëÿ èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ ïðèëîæåíèÿìè òðåòüèõ ëèö. Åäèíñòâåííûì îáÿçàòåëüíûì ïîëåì ÿâëÿåòñÿ 32-áèòíûé èäåíòèôèêàòîð, êîòîðûé âûäàåòñÿ ðàçðàáîò÷èêàìè FLAC. Ôîðìàò îñòàâøåéñÿ ÷àñòè áëîêà îïðåäåëÿåòñÿ çàðåãèñòðèðîâàííûì ïîä ýòèì íîìåðîì ïðèëîæåíèåì. ×òîáû ïîëó÷èòü id äëÿ ñâîåãî ïðèëîæåíèÿ, ïîñåòèòå <A HREF="id.html">ñòðàíèöó ðåãèñòðàöèè</A>.</P>
+
+<A NAME="def_PADDING">
+<LI><TT>PADDING</TT>: Ýòîò áëîê ïðåäíàçíà÷åí äëÿ ðåçåðâèðîâàíèÿ ìåñòà. Ñîäåðæèìîå áëîêà <TT>PADDING</TT> íå èìååò çíà÷åíèÿ. Îí ïîëåçåí â òîì ñëó÷àå, åñëè èçâåñòíî, ÷òî áëîê ïîñëå êîäèðîâàíèÿ áóäåò äîáàâëåí áëîê <TT>APPLICATION</TT>. Ïîëüçîâàòåëü ìîæåò çàðåçåðâèðîâàòü íåîáõîäèìîå ïðîñòðàíñòâî ñ ïîìîùüþ áëîêà <TT>PADDING</TT>, ÷òîáû ïðèëîæåíèå ñìîãëî çàïèñàòü íà åãî ìåñòî áëîê <TT>APPLICATION</TT>. Ýòà îïåðàöèÿ çàéìåò íàìíîãî ìåíüøå âðåìåíè, ÷åì âñòàâêà áëîêà â íà÷àëî ôàéëà, òàê êàê â âòîðîì ñëó÷àå ïîòðåáóåòñÿ åãî ïîëíàÿ ïåðåçàïèñü.</LI>
+
+<A NAME="def_SEEKTABLE">
+<LI><TT>SEEKTABLE</TT>: Ýòî íåîáÿçàòåëüíûé áëîê äëÿ õðàíåíèÿ òî÷åê ïîèñêà.  ïîòîêå FLAC ìîæíî íàéòè ëþáîé ñýìïë áåç ýòîé òàáëèöû, îäíàêî çàäåðæêà ìîæåò áûòü íåïðåäñêàçóåìîé, òàê êàê áèòðåéò â ïîòîêå ìîæåò ñóùåñòâåííî ìåíÿòüñÿ. Ñ ïîìîùüþ òàáëèöû òî÷åê ïîèñêà ïàóçà ìîæåò áûòü ñóùåñòâåííî ñîêðàùåíà. Êàæäàÿ òî÷êà çàíèìàåò 18 áàéòîâ, ïîýòîìó äëÿ áûñòðîãî ïîèñêà ñ òî÷íîñòüþ äî 1% íåîáõîäèìî âñåãî 2êá.  ïîòîêå ìîæåò áûòü òîëüêî îäíè áëîê <TT>SEEKTABLE</TT>, íî â íåì ìîæåò áûòü ëþáîå êîëè÷åñòâî òî÷åê ïîèñêà. Òàêæå ñóùåñòâóþò ðåçåðâèðóåìûå òî÷êè, êîòîðûå ïðîïóñêàþòñÿ äåêîäåðîì, íî ìîãóò èñïîëüçîâàòüñÿ äëÿ ïîñëåäóþùèõ âñòàâîê ðåàëüíûõ òî÷åê ïîèñêà.</LI>
+</UL>
+
+<LI>Àóäèîïîòîê ñîñòîèò èç îäíîãî èëè íåñêîëüêèõ ôðåéìîâ. Ó êàæäîãî ôðåéìà åñòü çàãîëîâîê, ñîñòîÿùèé èç êîäà ñèíõðîíèçàöèè, èíôîðìàöèè î ôðåéìå (ðàçìåð áëîêà, ÷àñòîòà äèñêðåòèçàöèè, êîëè÷åñòâî êàíàëîâ è ò.ï.) è âîñüìèáèòíîé êîíòðîëüíîé ñóììû. Òàêæå â çàãîëîâêå ñîäåðæèòñÿ ëèáî íîìåð ïåðâîãî ñýìïëà âî ôðåéìå îòíîñèòåëüíî âñåãî ïîòîêà (äëÿ ïîòîêîâ ñ èçìåíÿþùèìñÿ ðàçìåðîì áëîêà) èëè íîìåð ôðåéìà (äëÿ ïîòîêîâ ñ ïîñòîÿííûì ðàçìåðîì áëîêà). Ýòî ïîçâîëÿåò ïðîèçâîäèòü áûñòðûé è òî÷íûé ïîèñê. Äàëåå ñëåäóþò çàêîäèðîâàííûå ïîäôðåéìû (ïî îäíîìó íà êàæäûé êàíàë) è, íàêîíåö, ôðåéì, äîïîëíåííûé íóëÿìè äî ãðàíèöû áàéòà. Êàæäûé ïîäôðåéì èìååò ñâîé çàãîëîâîê, îïðåäåëÿþùèé ñïîñîá åãî äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ.</LI>
+
+<LI>Òàê êàê äåêîäåð ìîæåò íà÷àòü ðàáîòó â ñåðåäèíå ïîòîêà, äîëæåí áûòü ìåòîä îïðåäåëåíèÿ íà÷àëà ôðåéìà. Êàæäûé ôðåéì íà÷èíàåòñÿ ñ 14-áèòíîãî ñèíõðîíèçèðóþùåãî êîäà. Ýòîò êîä íå ìîæåò ïîÿâëÿòüñÿ íè â îäíîì äðóãîì ìåñòå çàãîëîâêà ôðåéìà. Îäíàêî òàê êàê ýòî êîä ìîæåò ïîÿâèòüñÿ â ïîäôðåéìàõ, ó äåêîäåðà åñòü äâà ñïîñîáà îïðåäåëèòü, ÷òî äàííàÿ ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîñòü ÿâëÿåòñÿ íà÷àëîì ôðåéìà. Ñíà÷àëà ïðîâåðÿåòñÿ êîððåêòíîñòü äàííûõ âî âñåì ôðåéìå. Îäíàêî ýòîò øàã íå ìîæåò ãàðàíòèðîâàòü îòñóòñòâèÿ îøèáîê, ïîýòîìó äîïîëíèòåëüíî ïðîèçâîäèòñÿ ðàñ÷åò âîñüìèáèòíîé êîíòðîëüíîé ñóììû çàãîëîâêà ôðåéìà è ïîëó÷åííûé ðåçóëüòàò ñðàâíèâàåòñÿ ñî çíà÷åíèåì, ïîëó÷åííûì ïðè êîäèðîâàíèè è çàïèñàííûì ïîñëå çàãîëîâêà ôðåéìà.</LI>
+
+<LI>Êàæäûé ôðåéì äîëæåí ñîäåðæàòü îñíîâíóþ èíôîðìàöèþ î ïîòîêå, òàê êàê äåêîäåð ìîæåò íå èìåòü äîñòóïà ê áëîêó ìåòàäàííûõ <TT>STREAMINFO</TT> â íà÷àëå ïîòîêà. Ñþäà âõîäèò ÷àñòîòà äèñêðåòèçàöèè, êîëè÷åñòâî áèò íà ñýìïë, êîëè÷åñòâî êàíàëîâ è ò.ä. Òàê êàê çàãîëîâîêè ôðåéìîâ âíîñÿò äîïîëíèòåëüíûå íàêëàäíûå ðàñõîäû, òî îíè âëèÿþò óðîâåíü ñæàòèÿ. ×òîáû ñäåëàòü çàãîëîâêè ôðåéìîâ ìèíèìàëüíûìè, FLAC èñïîëüçóåò òàáëèöû ïîèñêà äëÿ íàèáîëåå ÷àñòî èñïîëüçóåìûõ çíà÷åíèé ïàðàìåòðîâ ôðåìîâ. Íàïðèìåð, ÷àñòü, îòâå÷àþùàÿ çà ÷àñòîòó äèñêðåòèçàöèè, çàíèìàåò 4 áèòà. Âîñåìü ïðåäîïðåäåëåííûõ çíà÷åíèé ñîîòâåòñòâóþò íàèáîëåå ñàìûì ðàñïðîñòðàíåííûì ÷àñòîòàì (8/16/22.05/24/32/44.1/48/96 êÃö). Îäíàêî äîïîëíèòåëüíûå ÷àñòîòû ìîãóò áûòü èñïîëüçîâàíû ñ ïîìîùüþ ñïåöèàëüíîãî íàáîðà áèòîâ, óêàçûâàþùåãî äåêîäåðó, ÷òî íåîáõîäèìîå çíà÷åíèå íàõîäèòñÿ â êîíöå çàãîëîâêà. Òàêîé æå ìåòîä èñïîëüçóåòñÿ äëÿ óêàçàíèÿ ðàçìåðà áëîêà è êîëè÷åñòâà áèòîâ íà ñýìïë.  ýòîì ñëó÷àå çàãîëîâîê îñòàåòñÿ äîñòàòî÷íî ìàëûì äëÿ íàèáîëåå ðàñïðîñòðàíåííûõ òèïîâ àóäèîäàííûõ.</LI>
+
+<LI>Ïîäôðåéìû (ïî îäíîìó äëÿ êàæäîãî êàíàëà) êîäèðóþòñÿ âî ôðåéìå îòäåëüíî è õðàíÿòñÿ â ïîòîêå ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíî. Ýòî âåäåò ê óïðîùåíèþ äåêîäåðà, îäíàêî öåíîé ýòîìó ÿâëÿåòñÿ óâåëè÷åíèå ðàçìåðîâ áóôôåðà. Ó êàæäîãî ïîäôðåéìà åñòü ñâîé çàãîëîâîê, îïðåäåëÿþùèé åãî àòòðèáóòû (ìåòîä è ïîðÿäîê ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèÿ, ïàðàìåòðû êîäèðîâàíèÿ îñòàòêîâ è ò.ä.). Çà çàãîëîâêîì ñëåäóþò àóäèîäàííûå äëÿ ýòîãî êàíàëà.</LI>
+
+<A NAME="subset">
+<LI>Âî FLAC îïðåäåëåíî ñïåöèàëüíîå ïîäìíîæåñòâî ôîðìàòà (Subset format). Âñå ïîòîêè ñæàòûå ýòèì ìåòîäîì íà ñàìîì äåëå ÿâëÿþòñÿ ïîòîêîâûìè, òî åñòü äåêîäåð, êîòîðûé íå ìîæåò èñêàòü â ïîòîêå, èìååò âîçìîæíîñòü ïåðåéòè ê ëþáîé åãî òî÷êå è íà÷àòü âîñïðîèçâåäåíèå. Äëÿ ôàéëîâ, îòâå÷àþùèõ ýòîìó ïîäìíîæåñòâó ôîðìàòà, çíà÷èòåëüíî ïðîùå ñäåëàòü àïïàðàòíûé äåêîäåð. <B><TT>flac</TT></B> ïî óìîë÷àíèþ ñîçäàåò ïîòîêè, îòâå÷àþùèå ýòîìó ïîäìíîæåñòâó ôîðìàòà. Êëþ÷ <TT>--lax</TT> çàïðåùàåò ñîçäàíèå òàêèõ ïîòîêîâ. ×òîáû ôàéë îòâå÷àë äàííîìó ïîäìíîæåñòâó, äëÿ íåãî äîëæíû âûïîëíÿòüñÿ ñëåäóþùèå îãðàíè÷åíèÿ:</LI>
+
+ <UL>
+ <LI>Çíà÷åíèå áèòîâ, îòâå÷àþùèõ çà ðàçìåð áëîêà, äîëæíî áûòü â ïðåäåëàõ 0001-0101 èëè 1000-1111. Ïîòîê äîëæåí ñîñòîÿòü èç áëîêîâ îäèíàêîâîãî ðàçìåðà (çà èñêëþ÷åíèåì ïîñëåäíåãî), à â áëîêå ìåòàäàííûõ <TT>STREAMINFO</TT> äîëæíû áûòü óêàçàíû ðàâíûå çíà÷åíèÿ äëÿ ìèíèìàëüíîãî è ìàêñèìàëüíîãî ðàçìåðà áëîêà.</LI>
+
+ <LI>Êîëè÷åñòâî áèò íà ñýìïë â çàãîëîâêå ôðåéìà äîëæíî îïèñûâàòüñÿ ñëåäóþùèì äèàïàçîíîì áèòîâ 001-110.</LI>
+
+ <LI>×àñòîòà äèñêðåòèçàöèè â çàãîëîâêå ôðåéìà äîëæíà îïèñûâàòüñÿ ñëåäóþùèì äèàïàçîíîì áèòîâ 0001-1011.</LI>
+ </UL>
+</BLOCKQUOTE></P>
+
+<P> òàáëèöå ïðèâåäåíî ôîðìàëüíîå îïèñàíèå ôîðìàòà FLAC. ×èñëà â óãëîâûõ ñêîáêàõ ïîêàçûâàþò êîëè÷åñòâî áèòîâ, èñïîëüçóåìûõ äàííûì ïîëåì.</P>
+
+
+<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">
+
+<TR>
+ <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="stream"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÏÎÒÎÊ</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><32></TD>
+ <TD>"fLaC", ìàðêåð ïîòîêà FLAC â êîäèðîâêå ASCII, îçíà÷àþùèé, ÷òî ïåðâûìè ÷åòûðüìÿ áàéòàìè ïîòîêà ÿâëÿþòñÿ 0x66, 0x4C, 0x61, 0x43</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#metadata_block_streaminfo"><TT>ÁËÎÊ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ</TT></A></TD>
+ <TD>Îáÿçàòåëüíûé áëîê ìåòàäàííûõ <TT>STREAMINFO</TT>, ñîäåðæàùèé îñíîâíûå ñâîéñòâà ïîòîêà</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#metadata_block"><TT>ÁËÎÊ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ</TT></A>*</TD>
+ <TD>Íîëü èëè áîëüøå áëîêîâ ìåòàäàííûõ</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#frame"><TT>ÔÐÅÉÌ</TT></A>+</TD>
+ <TD>Îäèí èëè áîëüøå àóäèîôðåéìîâ</TD>
+</TR>
+
+</TABLE></P>
+
+
+<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">
+
+<TR>
+ <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="metadata_block"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÁËÎÊ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#metadata_block_header"><TT>ÇÀÃÎËÎÂÎÊ_ÁËÎÊÀ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ</TT></A></TD>
+ <TD>Çàãîëîâîê, îïðåäåëÿþùèé òèï è ðàçìåð áëîêà ìåòàäàííûõ</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#metadata_block_data"><TT>ÑÎÄÅÐÆÈÌÎÅ_ÁËÎÊÀ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ</TT></A></TD>
+ <TD> </TD>
+</TR>
+
+</TABLE></P>
+
+
+<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">
+
+<TR>
+ <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="metadata_block_header"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÇÀÃÎËÎÂÎÊ_ÁËÎÊÀ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><1></TD><TD>Ôëàã ðàâíûé <TT>1</TT>, åñëè äàííûé áëîê ìåòàäàííûõ ÿâëÿåòñÿ ïîñëåäíèì ïåðåä àóäèîáëîêàìè, <TT>0</TT> â ïðîòèâíîì ñëó÷àå</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><7></TD>
+ <TD>Òèï áëîêà:
+ <UL>
+ <LI>0 : <TT>STREAMINFO</TT></LI>
+ <LI>1 : <TT>PADDING</TT></LI>
+ <LI>2 : <TT>APPLICATION</TT></LI>
+ <LI>3 : <TT>SEEKTABLE</TT></LI>
+ <LI>4-127 : çàðåçåðâèðîâàíû</LI>
+ </UL>
+ </TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><24></TD>
+ <TD>Äëèíà â áàéòàõ ñîîòâåòñòâóþùåãî áëîêà ìåòàäàííûõ (íå âêëþ÷àåò ðàçìåð <TT>ÇÀÃÎËÎÂÊÀ_ÁËÎÊÀ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ</TT>)</TD>
+</TR>
+
+</TABLE></P>
+
+
+<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">
+
+<TR>
+ <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="metadata_block_data"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÑÎÄÅÐÆÈÌÎÅ_ÁËÎÊÀ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#metadata_block_streaminfo"><TT>ÁËÎÊ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ_STREAMINFO</TT></A> || <A HREF="format.html#metadata_block_padding"><TT>ÁËÎÊ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ_PADDING</TT></A> || <A HREF="format.html#metadata_block_application"><TT>ÁËÎÊ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ_APPLICATION</TT></A> || <A HREF="format.html#metadata_block_seektable"><TT>ÁËÎÊ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ_SEEKTABLE</TT></A></TD>
+ <TD>Ñîäåðæèìîå áëîêà äîëæíî ñîîòâåòñòâîâàòü òèïó áëîêà, óêàçàííîìó â çàãîëîâêå</TD>
+</TR>
+
+</TABLE></P>
+
+
+<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">
+
+<TR>
+ <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="metadata_block_streaminfo"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÁËÎÊ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ_STREAMINFO</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><16></TD>
+ <TD>Ìèíèìàëüíûé ðàçìåð áëîêà â ñýìïëàõ â äàííîì ïîòîêå.</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><16></TD>
+ <TD>Ìàêñèìàëüíûé ðàçìåð áëîêà â ñýìïëàõ â äàííîì ïîòîêå.</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><24></TD>
+ <TD>Ìèíèìàëüíûé ðàçìåð ôðåéìà â áàéòàõ â äàííîì ïîòîêå. Åñëè çíà÷åíèå íå èçâåñòíî, òî <TT>0</TT></TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><24></TD>
+ <TD>Ìàêñèìàëüíûé ðàçìåð ôðåéìà â áàéòàõ â äàííîì ïîòîêå. Åñëè çíà÷åíèå íå èçâåñòíî, òî <TT>0</TT></TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><20></TD>
+ <TD>×àñòîòà äèñêðåòèçàöèè â Ãö.</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><3></TD>
+ <TD><TT>(Êîëè÷åñòâî êàíàëîâ) - 1</TT>. FLAC ïîääåðæèâàåò îò 1 äî 8 êàíàëîâ.</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><5></TD>
+ <TD><TT>(Êîëè÷åñòâî áèòîâ íà ñýìïë) - 1</TT>. FLAC ïîääåðæèâàåò îò 1 äî 32 áèòîâ íà ñýìïë. Ñåé÷àñ áàçîâûå äåêîäåð è åíêîäåð ïîääåðæèâàþò äî 24 áèò íà ñýìïë.</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><36></TD>
+ <TD>Êîëè÷åñòâî ñýìïëîâ â ïîòîêå. Åñëè çäåñü óêàçàí <TT>0</TT>, òî êîëè÷åñòâî ñýìïëîâ íå èçâåñòíî.</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><128></TD>
+ <TD>Ïîäïèñü MD5 íåñæàòûõ àóäèîäàííûõ, êîòîðàÿ ïîçâîëÿåò äåêîäåðó îáíàðóæèòü îøèáêó, äàæå åñëè åå íàëè÷èå íå íàðóøàåò ñòðóêòóðó ïîòîêà.</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"> </TD>
+ <TD><B>Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ</B>:
+ <UL>
+ <LI>Âî FLAC îïðåäåëåí ìèíèìàëüíûé ðàçìåð áëîêà â <TT>16</TT> ñýìïëîâ è ìàêñèìàëüíûé ðàçìåð - <TT>65535</TT>. Ýòî çíà÷èò, ÷òî çíà÷åíèÿ îò <TT>0</TT> äî <TT>15</TT> â ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèõ ïîëÿõ ÿâëÿþòñÿ îøèáî÷íûìè.</LI>
+ </UL>
+ </TD>
+</TR>
+
+</TABLE></P>
+
+
+<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">
+
+<TR>
+ <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="metadata_block_padding"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÁËÎÊ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ_PADDING</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><n></TD>
+ <TD><TT>n</TT> áèò ñî çíà÷åíèåì <TT>0</TT>. <TT>n</TT> äîëæíî áûòü êðàòíî 8.</TD>
+</TR>
+
+</TABLE></P>
+
+
+<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">
+
+<TR>
+ <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="metadata_block_application"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÁËÎÊ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ_APPLICATION</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><32></TD>
+ <TD>Çàðåãèñòðèðîâàííûé id ïðèëîæåíèÿ (ñì. ñòðàíèöó <A HREF="id.html">ðåãèñòðàöèè</A>)</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><n></TD>
+ <TD>Äàííûå ïðèëîæåíèÿ. <TT>n</TT> äîëæíî áûòü êðàòíî 8.</TD>
+</TR>
+
+</TABLE></P>
+
+
+<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">
+
+<TR>
+ <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="metadata_block_seektable"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÁËÎÊ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ_SEEKTABLE</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#metadata_block_seekpoint"><TT>SEEKPOINT</TT></A>+</TD>
+ <TD>Îäíà èëè áîëüøå òî÷åê ïîèñêà.</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"> </TD>
+ <TD><B>Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ</B>:
+ <UL>
+ <LI>Êîëè÷åñòâî òî÷åê ïîèñêà îïðåäåëÿåòñÿ â ïîëå çàãîëîâêà áëîêà ìåòàäàííûõ "äëèíà" è ðàâíî <TT>äëèíà / 18</TT>.</LI>
+ </UL>
+ </TD>
+</TR>
+
+</TABLE></P>
+
+
+<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">
+
+<TR>
+ <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="metadata_block_seekpoint"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÁËÎÊ_ÌÅÒÀÄÀÍÍÛÕ_SEEKPOINT</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><64></TD>
+ <TD>Íîìåð ñýìïëà â ïîòîêå ïåðâîãî ñýìïëà öåëåâîãî ôðåéìà èëè 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF äëÿ çàðåçåðâèðîâàííîé òî÷êè.</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><64></TD>
+ <TD>Ñìåùåíèå â áàéòàõ îò ïåðâîãî áàéòà ïåðâîãî çàãîëîâêà ôðåéìà äî ïåðâîãî áàéòà çàãîëîâêà öåëåâîãî ôðåéìà.</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><16></TD>
+ <TD>Êîëè÷åñòâî ñýìïëîâ â öåëåâîì ôðåéìå.</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"> </TD>
+ <TD><B>Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ</B>:
+ <UL>
+ <LI>Äëÿ çàðåçåðâèðîâàííûõ òî÷åê çíà÷åíèÿ âòîðîãî è òðåòüåãî ïîëÿ íå îïðåäåëåíû.</LI>
+ <LI>Òî÷êè ïîèñêà äîëæíû áûòü îòñîðòèðîâàíû â òàáëèöå ïî âîçðàñòàíèþ íîìåðà ñýìïëà.</LI>
+ <LI>Ïîëÿ, ñîäåðæàùèå íîìåðà ïåðâûõ ñýìïëîâ â öåëåâîì ôðåéìå, äîëæíû áûòü óíèêàëüíû äëÿ âñåõ òî÷åê, çà èñêëþ÷åíèåì çàðåçåðâèðîâàííûõ.</LI>
+ <LI>Èç äâóõ ïðåäûäóùèõ çàìå÷àíèé ñëåäóåò, ÷òî çàðåçåðâèðîâàííûõ òî÷åê ìîæåò áûòü ëþáîå êîëè÷åñòâî, íî îíè äîëæíû ðàñïîëàãàòüñÿ â êîíöå òàáëèöû.</LI>
+ </UL>
+ </TD>
+</TR>
+
+</TABLE></P>
+
+
+<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">
+
+<TR>
+ <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="frame"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÔÐÅÉÌ</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#frame_header"><TT>ÇÀÃÎËÎÂÎÊ_ÔÐÅÉÌÀ</TT></A></TD>
+ <TD> </TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#subframe"><TT>ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌ</TT></A>+</TD>
+ <TD>Îäèí ïîäôðåéì íà êàíàë</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><?></TD>
+ <TD>Âûðàâíèâàíèå íóëÿìè íà ãðàíèöó áàéòà</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#frame_footer"><TT>ÇÀÂÅÐØÅÍÈÅ_ÔÐÅÉÌÀ</TT></A></TD>
+ <TD> </TD>
+</TR>
+
+</TABLE></P>
+
+
+<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">
+
+<TR>
+ <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="frame_header"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÇÀÃÎËÎÂÎÊ_ÔÐÅÉÌÀ</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><14></TD>
+ <TD>êîä ñèíõðîíèçàöèè <TT>11111111111110</TT></TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><2></TD>
+ <TD>Çàðåçåðâèðîâàíî:
+ <UL>
+ <LI>00 : îáÿçàòåëüíîå çíà÷åíèå</LI>
+ <LI>01-11 : çàðåçåðâèðîâàíî äëÿ ïîñëåäóþùåãî èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ</LI>
+ </UL>
+ </TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><4></TD>
+ <TD>Ðàçìåð áëîêà â ñýìïëàõ:
+ <UL>
+ <LI>0000 : ïîëó÷èòü èç áëîêà ìåòàäàííûõ <TT>STREAMINFO</TT></LI>
+ <LI>0001 : <TT>192</TT> ñýìïëà</LI>
+ <LI>0010-0101 : <TT>576 * (2^(2-n))</TT> ñýìïëîâ, ò.å. <TT>576/1152/2304/4608</TT></LI>
+ <LI>0110 : ïîëó÷èòü 8 áèòîâ (ðàçìåð áëîêà-1) èç êîíöà çàãîëîâêà</LI>
+ <LI>0111 : ïîëó÷èòü 16 áèòîâ (ðàçìåð áëîêà-1) èç êîíöà çàãîëîâêà</LI>
+ <LI>1000-1111 : <TT>256 * (2^(n-8))</TT> ñýìïëîâ, ò.å. <TT>256/512/1024/2048/4096/8192/16384/32768</TT></LI>
+ </UL>
+ </TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><4></TD>
+ <TD>×àñòîòà äèñêðåòèçàöèè:
+ <UL>
+ <LI><TT>0000</TT> : ïîëó÷èòü èç áëîêà ìåòàäàííûõ <TT>STREAMINFO</TT></LI>
+ <LI><TT>0001-0011</TT> : çàðåçåðâèðîâàíû</LI>
+ <LI><TT>0100</TT> : 8êÃö</LI>
+ <LI><TT>0101</TT> : 16êÃö</LI>
+ <LI><TT>0110</TT> : 22.05êÃö</LI>
+ <LI><TT>0111</TT> : 24êÃö</LI>
+ <LI><TT>1000</TT> : 32êÃö</LI>
+ <LI><TT>1001</TT> : 44.1êÃö</LI>
+ <LI><TT>1010</TT> : 48êÃö</LI>
+ <LI><TT>1011</TT> : 96êÃö</LI>
+ <LI><TT>1100</TT> : ïîëó÷èòü 8-áèòíîå çíà÷åíèå ÷àñòîòû äèñêðåòèçàöèè (â êÃö) èç êîíöà çàãîëîâêà</LI>
+ <LI><TT>1101</TT> : ïîëó÷èòü 16-áèòíîå çíà÷åíèå ÷àñòîòû äèñêðåòèçàöèè (â Ãö) èç êîíöà çàãîëîâêà</LI>
+ <LI><TT>1110</TT> : ïîëó÷èòü 16-áèòíîå çíà÷åíèå ÷àñòîòû äèñêðåòèçàöèè (â äÃö) èç êîíöà çàãîëîâêà</LI>
+ <LI><TT>1111</TT> : îøèáî÷íîå çíà÷åíèå, ÷òîáû íå äîïóñòèòü ñîâïàäåíèå ñ êîäîì ñèíõðîíèçàöèè</LI>
+ </UL>
+ </TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><4></TD>
+ <TD>Ðàñïîëîæåíèå êàíàëîâ:
+ <UL>
+ <LI><TT>0000-0111</TT> : <TT>(êîëè÷åñòâî íåçàâèñèìûõ êàíàëîâ)-1</TT>. Êîãäà == <TT>0001</TT>, êàíàë <TT>0</TT> ÿâëÿåòñÿ ëåâûì, <TT>1</TT> - ïðàâûì</LI>
+ <LI><TT>1000</TT> : ëåâîñòîðîííåå ñòåðåî: êàíàë <TT>0</TT> ÿâëÿåòñÿ ëåâûì, <TT>1</TT> - ðàçíîñòíûì</LI>
+ <LI><TT>1001</TT> : ïðàâîñòîðîííåå ñòåðåî: êàíàë <TT>0</TT> ÿâëÿåòñÿ ðàçíîñòíûì, <TT>1</TT> - ïðàâûì</LI>
+ <LI><TT>1010</TT> : óñðåäíåííîå ñòåðåî: êàíàë <TT>0</TT> ÿâëÿåòñÿ óñðåäíåííûì, <TT>1</TT> - ðàçíîñòíûì
+ <LI><TT>1011-1111</TT> : çàðåçåðâèðîâàíû</LI>
+ </UL>
+ </TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><3></TD>
+ <TD>Êîëè÷åñòâî áèòîâ íà ñýìïë:
+ <UL>
+ <LI><TT>000</TT> : ïîëó÷èòü èç áëîêà ìåòàäàííûõ <TT>STREAMINFO</TT></LI>
+ <LI><TT>001</TT> : 8 áèò íà ñýìïë</LI>
+ <LI><TT>010</TT> : 12 áèò íà ñýìïë</LI>
+ <LI><TT>011</TT> : çàðåçåðâèðîâàíî</LI>
+ <LI><TT>100</TT> : 16 áèò íà ñýìïë</LI>
+ <LI><TT>101</TT> : 20 áèò íà ñýìïë</LI>
+ <LI><TT>110</TT> : 24 áèò íà ñýìïë</LI>
+ <LI><TT>111</TT> : çàðåçåðâèðîâàíî</LI>
+ </UL>
+ </TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><1></TD>
+ <TD>Äîïîëíåíèå íóëåì äî ãðàíèöû áèòà, ÷òîáû íå äîïóñòèòü îøèáêó ñèíõðîíèçàöèè</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><?></TD>
+ <TD>Åñëè <TT>(ïåðåìåííûé ðàçìåð áëîêà)</TT><BR>
+ <8-56> : íîìåð ñýìïëà â ôîðìàòå UTF-8 (ðàçìåð äåêîäèðóåìîãî ÷èñëà 36 áèò)<BR>
+ èíà÷å<BR>
+ <8-48> : íîìåð ôðåéìà â ôîðìàòå UTF-8 (ðàçìåð äåêîäèðóåìîãî ÷èñëà 31 áèò)</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><?></TD>
+ <TD>Åñëè <TT>(áèòîâàÿ ìàñêà ðàçìåðà áëîêà == 11x)</TT><BR>
+ 8/16 áèò <TT>(ðàçìåð áëîêà - 1)</TT></TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><?></TD>
+ <TD>Åñëè <TT>(áèòîâàÿ ìàñêà ÷àñòîòû äèñêðåòèçàöèè == 11xx)</TT><BR>
+ ÷àñòîòà äèñêðåòèçàöèè 8/16 áèò</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><8></TD>
+ <TD>8-áèòíàÿ ïîëèíîìàëüíàÿ êîíòðîëüíàÿ ñóììà <TT>(x^8 + x^2 + x^1 + x^0)</TT> äàííûõ çàãîëîâêà, âêëþ÷àÿ êîä ñèíõðîíèçàöèè (<TT>x</TT> èíèöèàëèçèðóåòñÿ íóëåì).</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"> </TD>
+ <TD><B>Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ</B>:
+ <UL>
+ <LI>Áèòû ðàçìåðà áëîêà <TT>0000-0101</TT> ìîãóò áûòü èñïîëüçîâàíû òîëüêî ïðè ïîñòîÿííîì èõ çíà÷åíèè âî âñåì áëîêå. Áèòû <TT>0110-0111</TT> ìîãóò èñïîëüçîâàòüñÿ â ëþáîì ñëó÷àå, äåêîäåð áóäåò ñ÷èòàòü, ÷òî ïîòîê èìååò ïåðåìåííóþ äëèíó áëîêà. Ñóùåñòâóåò îäíî èñêëþ÷åíèå: åíêîäåð ìîæåò èñïîëüçîâàòü áèòû <TT>0110-0111</TT> â ïîñëåäíåì ôðåéìå ïîòîêà ñ ïîñòîÿííûì ðàçìåðîì áëîêà â òîì ñëó÷àå, åñëè åãî äëèíà íå áîëüøå, ÷åì èñïîëüçóåìàÿ â âñåì ïîòîêå.</LI>
+ </UL>
+ </TD>
+</TR>
+
+</TABLE></P>
+
+
+<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">
+
+<TR>
+ <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="frame_footer"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÇÀÂÅÐØÅÍÈÅ_ÔÐÅÉÌÀ</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><16></TD>
+ <TD>16-áèòíàÿ ïîëèíîìàëüíàÿ êîíòðîëüíàÿ ñóììà <TT>(x^16 + x^15 + x^2 + x^0)</TT> âñåãî ôðåéìà (<TT>x</TT> èíèöèàëèçèðóåòñÿ íóëåì).</TD>
+</TR>
+
+</TABLE></P>
+
+
+<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">
+
+<TR>
+ <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="subframe"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌ</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#subframe_header"><TT>ÇÀÃÎËÎÂÎÊ_ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌÀ</TT></A></TD>
+ <TD> </TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#subframe_constant"><TT>ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌ_CONSTANT</TT></A> || <A HREF="format.html#subframe_fixed"><TT>ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌ_FIXED</TT></A> ||<BR><A HREF="format.html#subframe_lpc"><TT>ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌ_LPC</TT></A> || <A HREF="format.html#subframe_verbatim"><TT>ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌ_VERBATIM</TT></A></TD>
+ <TD>Òèï ïîäôðåéìà, îïðåäåëÿåìûé â çàãîëîâêå</TD>
+</TR>
+
+</TABLE></P>
+
+
+<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">
+
+<TR>
+ <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="subframe_header"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÇÀÃÎËÎÂÎÊ_ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌÀ</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><1></TD>
+ <TD>Áèò ðàâíûé <TT>0</TT>, ÷òîáû ïðåäîòâðàòèòü îøèáêó ñèíõðîíèçàöèè.</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><6></TD>
+ <TD>Òèï ïîäôðåéìà:
+ <UL>
+ <LI><TT>000000</TT> : <A HREF="format.html#subframe_constant"><TT>ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌ_CONSTANT</TT></A></LI>
+ <LI><TT>000001</TT> : <A HREF="format.html#subframe_verbatim"><TT>ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌ_VERBATIM</TT></A></LI>
+ <LI><TT>00001x</TT> : çàðåçåðâèðîâàíî</LI>
+ <LI><TT>0001xx</TT> : çàðåçåðâèðîâàíî</LI>
+ <LI><TT>001xxx</TT> : Åñëè (<TT>xxx</TT> <= 4) <A HREF="format.html#subframe_fixed"><TT>ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌ_FIXED</TT></A>, <TT>xxx</TT> = ïîðÿäîê; èíà÷å çàðåçåðâèðîâàíî</LI>
+ <LI><TT>01xxxx</TT> : çàðåçåðâèðîâàíî</LI>
+ <LI><TT>1xxxxx</TT> : <A HREF="format.html#subframe_lpc"><TT>ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌ_LPC</TT></A>, <TT>xxxxx = ïîðÿäîê-1</TT></LI>
+ </UL>
+ </TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><1+k></TD>
+ <TD>Ôëàã 'íåèñïîëüçóåìûå áèòû íà ñýìïë':
+ <UL>
+ <LI>0 : â èñõîäíîì ïîäáëîêå íåò 'íåèñïîëüçóåìûõ áèòîâ', <TT>k=0</TT></LI>
+ <LI>1 : <TT>k</TT> 'íåèñïîëüçóåìûõ áèòîâ' â èñõîäíîì ïîäáëîêå, ÷èñëî çàïèñûâàåòñÿ â óíàðíîì ôîðìàòå; ò.å. äëÿ <TT>k=3</TT> ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîñòü áèòîâ áóäåò âûãëÿäåòü òàê <TT>001</TT>, äëÿ <TT>k=7</TT> - <TT>0000001</TT>.</LI>
+ </UL>
+ </TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"> </TD>
+ <TD><B>Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ</B>:
+ <UL>
+ <LI>'Íåèñïîëüçóåìûå áèòû' âñòðå÷àþòñÿ â áëîêå äàííûõ, åñëè ïðè çàÿâëåííûõ <TT>n</TT> áèòàõ çíà÷èìûìè ÿâëÿþòñÿ òîëüêî <TT>m</TT>. ×èñëî <TT>k = n - m</TT> è áóäåò îïðåäåëÿòü êîëè÷åñòâî 'íåèñïîëüçóåìûõ áèòîâ'. Íàïðèìåð, åñëè âñå 16-áèòíûå ñýìïëû â èñõîäíîì ïîäáëîêå âûãëÿäÿò êàê 'xxxxxxxxxxxxx000', òî åíêîäåð êîäèðóåò òîëüêî 13 áèò, è çàïîìèíàåò, ÷òî 3 áèòà ÿâëÿþòñÿ 'íåèñïîëüçóåìûìè'.</LI>
+ </UL>
+ </TD>
+</TR>
+
+</TABLE></P>
+
+
+<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">
+
+<TR><TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0">
+<A NAME="subframe_constant"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>
+ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌ_CONSTANT</TT></B></FONT></A></TD></TR>
+
+<TR><TD VALIGN="TOP">
+<n></TD>
+<TD>Íåñæàòîå ïîñòîÿííîå çíà÷åíèå ïîäáëîêà, <TT>n</TT> ðàâíî êîëè÷åñòâó áèòîâ íà ñýìïë âî ôðåéìå</TD><TR>
+</TABLE></P>
+
+
+<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">
+
+<TR>
+ <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="subframe_fixed"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌ_FIXED</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><n></TD>
+ <TD>Íåêîäèðóåìûå íà÷àëüíûå ñýìïëû (<TT>n</TT> ðàâíî êîëè÷åñòâó áèòîâ íà ñýìïë âî ôðåéìå, óìíîæåííîìó íà ïîðÿäîê ïðåäèêòîðà).</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#residual"><TT>ÎÑÒÀÒÎÊ</TT></A></TD>
+ <TD>Çàêîäèðîâàííûé îñòàòîê</TD>
+</TR>
+
+</TABLE></P>
+
+
+<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">
+
+<TR>
+ <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="subframe_lpc"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌ_LPC</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><n></TD>
+ <TD>Íåêîäèðóåìûå íà÷àëüíûå ñýìïëû (<TT>n</TT> ðàâíî êîëè÷åñòâó áèòîâ íà ñýìïë âî ôðåéìå, óìíîæåííîìó íà ïîðÿäîê ïðåäèêòîðà).</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><4></TD>
+ <TD><TT>(òî÷íîñòü äèñêðåòíîãî êîýôôèöèåòà ëèíåéíîãî ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèÿ (QLP)) - 1</TT>. Çíà÷åíèå <TT>1111</TT> íåäîïóñòèìî.</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><5></TD>
+ <TD>Íåîáõîäèìûé ñäâèã äèñêðåòíîãî êîýôôèöèåòà ëèíåéíîãî ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèÿ â áèòàõ. (<B>Ïðèìå÷àíèå</B>: ýòî ÷èñëî - çíàêîâîå äîïîëíåíèå äî äâóõ).</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><n></TD>
+ <TD>Íåñæàòûå êîýôôèöèåíòû ïðîãíîçèðîâàíèÿ <TT>(n = òî÷íîñòü QLP * ïîðÿäîê LPC)</TT> (<B>Ïðèìå÷àíèå</B>: ýòè ÷èñëà ÿâëÿþòñÿ çíàêîâûìè äîïîëíåíèÿìè äî äâóõ).</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#residual"><TT>ÎÑÒÀÒÎÊ</TT></A></TD>
+ <TD>Çàêîäèðîâàííûé îñòàòîê</TD>
+</TR>
+
+</TABLE></P>
+
+
+<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">
+
+<TR>
+ <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="subframe_verbatim"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÏÎÄÔÐÅÉÌ_VERBATIM</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><n*i></TD>
+ <TD>Íåñæàòûé ïîäáëîê, <TT>n</TT> ðàâíî êîëè÷åñòâó áèòîâ íà ñýìïë âî ôðåéìå, <TT>i</TT> - ðàçìåðó áëîêà</TD>
+</TR>
+
+</TABLE></P>
+
+
+<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">
+
+<TR>
+ <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="residual"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÎÑÒÀÒÎÊ</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><2></TD>
+ <TD>Ìåòîä êîäèðîâàíèÿ îñòàòêîâ:
+ <UL>
+ <LI><TT>00</TT> : êîäèðîâàíèå Ðàéñà</LI>
+ <LI><TT>01-11</TT> : çàðåçåðâèðîâàíî</LI>
+ </UL>
+ </TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#partitioned_rice"><TT>ÎÑÒÀÒÊÈ_ÑÆÀÒÛÅ_ÌÅÒÎÄÎÌ_ÐÀÉÑÀ</TT></A></TD>
+ <TD> </TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"> </TD>
+ <TD><B>Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ:</B>
+ <UL>
+ <LI>Ñåé÷àñ FLAC èñïîëüçóåò òîëüêî îäèí ìåòîä êîäèðîâàíèÿ îñòàòêîâ</LI>
+ </UL>
+ </TD>
+</TR>
+
+</TABLE></P>
+
+
+<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">
+
+<TR>
+ <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="partitioned_rice"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÎÑÒÀÒÊÈ_ÑÆÀÒÛÅ_ÌÅÒÎÄÎÌ_ÐÀÉÑÀ</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><4></TD>
+ <TD>Ïîðÿäîê ðàçäåëà</TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="format.html#rice_partition"><TT>ÐÀÇÄÅË_ÐÀÉÑÀ</TT></A>+</TD>
+ <TD>Äàëåå ñëåäóþò 2^ïîðÿäîê ðàçäåëîâ</TD>
+</TR>
+
+</TABLE></P>
+
+
+<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">
+
+<TR>
+ <TD COLSPAN="2" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"><A NAME="rice_partition"><FONT SIZE="+2"><B><TT>ÐÀÇÄÅË_ÐÀÉÑÀ</TT></B></FONT></A></TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><4(+5)></TD>
+ <TD>Ïàðàìåòð êîäèðîâàíèÿ:
+ <UL>
+ <LI><TT>0000-1110</TT> : Ïàðàìåòð Ðàéñà.</LI>
+ <LI><TT>1111</TT> : Êîä, îçíà÷àþùèé, ÷òî ðàçäåë ÿâëÿåòñÿ íåñæàòûì è â íåì èñïîëüçóþòñÿ <TT>n</TT> áèòîâ íà ñýìïë. <TT>n</TT> ïðåäñòàâëåíî 5-áèòíûì ÷èñëîì.
+ </UL>
+ </TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD VALIGN="TOP"><?></TD>
+ <TD>Çàêîäèðîâàííûé îñòàòîê. Êîëè÷åñòâî ñýìïëîâ <TT>n</TT> â ðàçäåëå îïðåäåëÿåòñÿ ñëåäóþùèì îáðàçîì:
+ <UL>
+ <LI>Åñëè ïîðÿäîê ðàçäåëà ðàâåí <TT>0</TT>, <TT>n</TT> ðàâíî ðàçìåðó áëîêà äëÿ ôðåéìà.</LI>
+ <LI>èíà÷å åñëè ýòî íå ïåðâûé ðàçäåë ïîäôðåéìà, <TT>n = (ðàçìåð áëîêà äëÿ ôðåéìà / (2^ïîðÿäîê ðàçäåëà))</TT></LI>
+ <LI>èíà÷å <TT>n = (ðàçìåð áëîêà äëÿ ôðåéìà / (2^ïîðÿäîê ðàçäåëà)) - ïîðÿäîê ïðåäèêòîðà</TT></LI>
+ </UL>
+ </TD>
+</TR>
+
+</TABLE></P>
+
+
+<P> Copyright (c) 2001 Josh Coalson</P>
+
+</BODY>
+</HTML>
-<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//RU">\r
-<!-- Copyright (c) 2001 Josh Coalson -->\r
-<!-- Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document -->\r
-<!-- under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 -->\r
-<!-- or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; -->\r
-<!-- with no invariant sections. -->\r
-<!-- A copy of the license can be found at http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html -->\r
-<HTML>\r
-<HEAD>\r
-<META CHARSET="windows-1251">\r
-<TITLE>FLAC: öåëè</TITLE>\r
-</HEAD>\r
-\r
-<BODY>\r
-<CENTER><TABLE cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0>\r
-<TR>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD height=22 align=center nowrap> \r
-<A HREF="index.html">íà÷àëî</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="goals.html">íîâîñòè</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="download.html">ôàéëû</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="features.html">õàðàêòåðèñòèêè</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- öåëè </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="format.html">ôîðìàò</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="id.html">id</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="comparison.html">ñðàâíåíèå</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="developers.html">ðàçðàáîòêà</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="documentation.html">äîêóìåíòàöèÿ</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="links.html">ññûëêè</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="authors.html">àâòîðû</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>\r
-</TABLE></CENTER>\r
-\r
-<P><CENTER><TABLE cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0>\r
-<TR><TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD height=22 align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="../goals.html">english</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- ðóññêèé</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>\r
-</TABLE></CENTER></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<CENTER><H2>FLAC: öåëè</H2></CENTER>\r
-\r
-<P>Òàê êàê FLAC - ýòî îòêðûòûé ïðîåêò, âàæíî îïðåäåëèòü ñïèñîê öåëåé, ê ÷åìó íóæíî ñòðåìèòüñÿ. Âðåìÿ îò âðåìåíè îíè ìîãóò íåìíîãî èçìåíÿòüñÿ, íî âñåãäà äîëæíû îïðåäåëÿòü íàïðàâëåíèå ðàçâèòèÿ. èçìåíåíèÿ äîëæíû ñîãëàñîâûâàòüñÿ ñ òåêóùèìè öåëÿìè è íå ïûòàòüñÿ âêëþ÷èòü â ñåáÿ àíòèöåëè.</P>\r
-\r
-<H3>Öåëè</H3>\r
-\r
-<P><BLOCKQUOTE><UL>\r
- <LI>FLAC äîëæåí îñòàâàòüñÿ îòêðûòûì ôîðìàòîì. Âñå èñõîäíèêè ëèáî ïîä LGPL, ëèáî ïîä GPL.</LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>FLAC äîëæåí ïðîèçâîäèòü òîëüêî ñæàòèå áåç ïîòåðü. Âðîäå áû ýòî î÷åâèäíî, îäíàêî, êîäèðîâàíèå ñ ïîòåðÿìè ïûòàåòñÿ ïðîíèêíóòü âî âñå àóäèî êîäåêè. Ýòà öåëü òàêæå îçíà÷àåò, ÷òî FLAC äîëæåí ïðèäåðæèâàòüñÿ òîëüêî ïðèíöèïîâ àðõèâèðîâàíèÿ è ñæèìàòü áåç ïîòåðü àáñîëþòíî âñå òèïû âõîäíûõ äàííûõ. Ðåëèçû äîëæíû òùàòåëüíî òåñòèðîâàòüñÿ.</LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>FLAC äîëæåí äîñòè÷ü ïðèåìëèìîãî óðîâíÿ ñæàòèÿ ôàéëîâ.</LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>FLAC äîëæåí èìåòü íèçêèå àïïàðàòíûå òðåáîâàíèÿ è îáåñïå÷èòü äåêîäèðîâàíèå â ðåàëüíîì âðåìåíè äàæå íà ñòàðûõ êîìïüþòåðàõ.</LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>FLAC äîëæåí ïîääåðæèâàòü áûñòðûé è òî÷íûé ïîèñê.</LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>FLAC äîëæåí ïîääåðæèâàòü âîñïðîèçâåäåíèå áåç ïàóç äëÿ íåïðåðûâíûõ ïîòîêîâ.</LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>Ïðîåêò FLAC íàõîäèòñÿ â äîëãó ïåðåä ìíîãèìè ëþäüìè, êòî óëó÷øàë ìåòîäû ñæàòèÿ çâóêà, è íàöåëåí íà ïîääåðæêó íîâûõ èäåé ñ ïîìîùüþ îòêðûòîé ðàçðàáîòêè.</LI>\r
-</UL></BLOCKQUOTE></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<H3>Àíòèöåëè</H3>\r
-\r
-<P><BLOCKQUOTE><UL>\r
- <LI>Ñæàòèå ñ ïîòåðÿìè. Ñóùåñòâóåò äîñòàòî÷íî ìíîãî õîðîøèõ ôîðìàòîâ, ïðåäíàçíà÷åííûõ èìåííî äëÿ ýòîãî (<A HREF="http://www.vorbis.com">Ogg Vorbis</A>, <A HREF="http://www.mp3-tech.org">mp3</A>, è ò.ä.).</LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>Çàùèòà îò êîïèðîâàíèÿ â ëþáîì âèäå.</LI>\r
-</UL></BLOCKQUOTE></P>\r
-\r
-<P> Copyright (c) 2001 Josh Coalson</P>\r
-\r
-</BODY>\r
-</HTML>\r
+<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//RU">
+<!-- Copyright (c) 2001 Josh Coalson -->
+<!-- Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document -->
+<!-- under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 -->
+<!-- or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; -->
+<!-- with no invariant sections. -->
+<!-- A copy of the license can be found at http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html -->
+<HTML>
+<HEAD>
+<META CHARSET="windows-1251">
+<TITLE>FLAC: öåëè</TITLE>
+</HEAD>
+
+<BODY>
+<CENTER><TABLE cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0>
+<TR>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD height=22 align=center nowrap>
+<A HREF="index.html">íà÷àëî</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="goals.html">íîâîñòè</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="download.html">ôàéëû</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="features.html">õàðàêòåðèñòèêè</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ öåëè </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="format.html">ôîðìàò</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>
+
+<TR>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="id.html">id</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="comparison.html">ñðàâíåíèå</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="developers.html">ðàçðàáîòêà</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="documentation.html">äîêóìåíòàöèÿ</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="links.html">ññûëêè</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="authors.html">àâòîðû</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>
+</TABLE></CENTER>
+
+<P><CENTER><TABLE cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0>
+<TR><TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD height=22 align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="../goals.html">english</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ ðóññêèé</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>
+</TABLE></CENTER></P>
+
+
+<CENTER><H2>FLAC: öåëè</H2></CENTER>
+
+<P>Òàê êàê FLAC - ýòî îòêðûòûé ïðîåêò, âàæíî îïðåäåëèòü ñïèñîê öåëåé, ê ÷åìó íóæíî ñòðåìèòüñÿ. Âðåìÿ îò âðåìåíè îíè ìîãóò íåìíîãî èçìåíÿòüñÿ, íî âñåãäà äîëæíû îïðåäåëÿòü íàïðàâëåíèå ðàçâèòèÿ. èçìåíåíèÿ äîëæíû ñîãëàñîâûâàòüñÿ ñ òåêóùèìè öåëÿìè è íå ïûòàòüñÿ âêëþ÷èòü â ñåáÿ àíòèöåëè.</P>
+
+<H3>Öåëè</H3>
+
+<P><BLOCKQUOTE><UL>
+ <LI>FLAC äîëæåí îñòàâàòüñÿ îòêðûòûì ôîðìàòîì. Âñå èñõîäíèêè ëèáî ïîä LGPL, ëèáî ïîä GPL.</LI>
+
+ <LI>FLAC äîëæåí ïðîèçâîäèòü òîëüêî ñæàòèå áåç ïîòåðü. Âðîäå áû ýòî î÷åâèäíî, îäíàêî, êîäèðîâàíèå ñ ïîòåðÿìè ïûòàåòñÿ ïðîíèêíóòü âî âñå àóäèî êîäåêè. Ýòà öåëü òàêæå îçíà÷àåò, ÷òî FLAC äîëæåí ïðèäåðæèâàòüñÿ òîëüêî ïðèíöèïîâ àðõèâèðîâàíèÿ è ñæèìàòü áåç ïîòåðü àáñîëþòíî âñå òèïû âõîäíûõ äàííûõ. Ðåëèçû äîëæíû òùàòåëüíî òåñòèðîâàòüñÿ.</LI>
+
+ <LI>FLAC äîëæåí äîñòè÷ü ïðèåìëèìîãî óðîâíÿ ñæàòèÿ ôàéëîâ.</LI>
+
+ <LI>FLAC äîëæåí èìåòü íèçêèå àïïàðàòíûå òðåáîâàíèÿ è îáåñïå÷èòü äåêîäèðîâàíèå â ðåàëüíîì âðåìåíè äàæå íà ñòàðûõ êîìïüþòåðàõ.</LI>
+
+ <LI>FLAC äîëæåí ïîääåðæèâàòü áûñòðûé è òî÷íûé ïîèñê.</LI>
+
+ <LI>FLAC äîëæåí ïîääåðæèâàòü âîñïðîèçâåäåíèå áåç ïàóç äëÿ íåïðåðûâíûõ ïîòîêîâ.</LI>
+
+ <LI>Ïðîåêò FLAC íàõîäèòñÿ â äîëãó ïåðåä ìíîãèìè ëþäüìè, êòî óëó÷øàë ìåòîäû ñæàòèÿ çâóêà, è íàöåëåí íà ïîääåðæêó íîâûõ èäåé ñ ïîìîùüþ îòêðûòîé ðàçðàáîòêè.</LI>
+</UL></BLOCKQUOTE></P>
+
+
+<H3>Àíòèöåëè</H3>
+
+<P><BLOCKQUOTE><UL>
+ <LI>Ñæàòèå ñ ïîòåðÿìè. Ñóùåñòâóåò äîñòàòî÷íî ìíîãî õîðîøèõ ôîðìàòîâ, ïðåäíàçíà÷åííûõ èìåííî äëÿ ýòîãî (<A HREF="http://www.vorbis.com">Ogg Vorbis</A>, <A HREF="http://www.mp3-tech.org">mp3</A>, è ò.ä.).</LI>
+
+ <LI>Çàùèòà îò êîïèðîâàíèÿ â ëþáîì âèäå.</LI>
+</UL></BLOCKQUOTE></P>
+
+<P> Copyright (c) 2001 Josh Coalson</P>
+
+</BODY>
+</HTML>
-<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//RU">\r
-<!-- Copyright (c) 2001 Josh Coalson -->\r
-<!-- Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document -->\r
-<!-- under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 -->\r
-<!-- or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; -->\r
-<!-- with no invariant sections. -->\r
-<!-- A copy of the license can be found at http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html -->\r
-<HTML>\r
-<HEAD>\r
-<META CHARSET="windows-1251">\r
-<TITLE>FLAC: ðåãèñòðàöèÿ id</TITLE>\r
-</HEAD>\r
-\r
-<BODY>\r
-<CENTER><TABLE cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0>\r
-<TR>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD height=22 align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="index.html">íà÷àëî</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="news.html">íîâîñòè</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="download.html">ôàéëû</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="features.html">õàðàêòåðèñòèêè</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="goals.html">öåëè</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="format.html">ôîðìàò</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- id </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="comparison.html">ñðàâíåíèå</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="developers.html">ðàçðàáîòêà</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="documentation.html">äîêóìåíòàöèÿ</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="links.html">ññûëêè</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="authors.html">àâòîðû</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>\r
-</TABLE></CENTER>\r
-\r
-<P><CENTER><TABLE cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0>\r
-<TR><TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD height=22 align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="../id.html">english</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- ðóññêèé</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>\r
-</TABLE></CENTER></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<CENTER><H2>FLAC: ðåãèñòðàöèÿ id</H2></CENTER>\r
-\r
-<P>FLAC ïîçâîëÿåò ïðèëîæåíèÿì òðåòüèõ ëèö çàðåãèñòðèðîâàòü id äëÿ èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ áëîêîâ ìåòàäàííûõ <A HREF="format.html#def_APPLICATION"><TT>APPLICATION</TT></A>. ×òîáû ïîëó÷èòü id èëè âíåñòè èçìåíåíèå â ñóùåñòâóþùèé id, èñïîëüçóéòå ôîðìó íà ýòîé ñòðàíèöå (ïèøèòå íà àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå).</P>\r
-\r
-<FORM NAME="register" METHOD="GET" ENCTYPE="text/plain" ACTION="mailto:jcoalson@users.sourceforge.net">\r
-<CENTER><TABLE BORDER="0" WIDTH=90%>\r
-<TR><TD WIDTH=30%>* id ïðèëîæåíèÿ:</TD>\r
-<TD><INPUT TYPE=TEXT NAME="id" SIZE="8" MAXLENGTH="8"></TD></TR>\r
-<TR><TD>* íàçâàíèå ïðèëîæåíèÿ:</TD>\r
-<TD><INPUT TYPE=TEXT NAME="name" SIZE="40"></TD></TR>\r
-<TR><TD>* êîíòàêòíûé e-mail:</TD>\r
-<TD><INPUT TYPE=TEXT NAME="email" SIZE="40"></TD></TR>\r
-<TR><TD>url ïðèëîæåíèÿ:</TD>\r
-<TD><INPUT TYPE=TEXT NAME="appurl" SIZE="40"></TD></TR>\r
-<TR><TD>url ñïåöèôèêàöèè:</TD>\r
-<TD><INPUT TYPE=TEXT NAME="specurl" SIZE="40"></TD></TR></TABLE>\r
-\r
-<P>Êîììåíòàðèé:</P>\r
-<TEXTAREA NAME="comment" COLS="72" ROWS="8" WRAP="OFF"></TEXTAREA>\r
-\r
-<P>(* - îáÿçàòåëüíîå ïîëå)</P>\r
-</CENTER>\r
-\r
-<P>id äîëæåí ñîñòîÿòü èç âîñüìè ñèìâîëîâ <TT>[0..F]</TT> è íå êîíôëèêòîâàòü ñ ñóùåñòâóþùèìè èäåíòèôèêàòîðàìè (âíèçó ïðèâåäåíà òàáëèöà çàðåãèñòðèðîâàííûõ id). Ýòî 32-áèòíîå ÷èñëî áóäåò ñîõðàíåíî â áëîêå â ôîðìàòå big-endian.</P>\r
-\r
-<P>Èíôîðìàöèÿ î ïðèëîæåíèè (íî íå e-mail) áóäåò ïðèâåäåíà â êàòàëîãå id. Âû ìîæåòå ïðåäîñòàâèòü òàêæå ññûëêó íà ñòðàíèöó ïðèëîæåíèÿ è íà ñïåöèôèêàöèþ áëîêà <TT>APPLICATION</TT> äëÿ âàøåãî ïðèëîæåíèÿ.</P>\r
-\r
-<P>Ïîäòâåðæäåíèå ðåãèñòðàöèè áóäåò âûñëàíî Âàì ïî ïî÷òå.</P>\r
-\r
-<P><CENTER><INPUT TYPE=SUBMIT VALUE="Ïîäòâåðäèòü çàïðîñ"></CENTER></P>\r
-</FORM>\r
-\r
-<H3>Êàòàëîã id</H3>\r
-<P>Ñïèñîê çàðåãèñòðèðîâàííûõ ïðèëîæåíèé è èõ id.</P>\r
-\r
-<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">\r
-<TR BGCOLOR="#F0F0F0">\r
- <TD><FONT SIZE="+1"><B>ID</B></FONT></TD>\r
- <TD><FONT SIZE="+1"><B>Ïðèëîæåíèå</B></FONT></TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
- <TD>5346464C - "SFFL"</TD>\r
- <TD>Sound Font FLAC</TD>\r
-</TR>\r
-\r
-</TABLE>\r
-\r
-\r
-<P> Copyright (c) 2001 Josh Coalson</P>\r
-\r
-</BODY>\r
-</HTML>\r
+<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//RU">
+<!-- Copyright (c) 2001 Josh Coalson -->
+<!-- Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document -->
+<!-- under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 -->
+<!-- or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; -->
+<!-- with no invariant sections. -->
+<!-- A copy of the license can be found at http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html -->
+<HTML>
+<HEAD>
+<META CHARSET="windows-1251">
+<TITLE>FLAC: ðåãèñòðàöèÿ id</TITLE>
+</HEAD>
+
+<BODY>
+<CENTER><TABLE cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0>
+<TR>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD height=22 align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="index.html">íà÷àëî</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="news.html">íîâîñòè</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="download.html">ôàéëû</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="features.html">õàðàêòåðèñòèêè</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="goals.html">öåëè</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="format.html">ôîðìàò</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>
+
+<TR>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ id </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="comparison.html">ñðàâíåíèå</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="developers.html">ðàçðàáîòêà</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="documentation.html">äîêóìåíòàöèÿ</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="links.html">ññûëêè</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="authors.html">àâòîðû</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>
+</TABLE></CENTER>
+
+<P><CENTER><TABLE cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0>
+<TR><TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD height=22 align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="../id.html">english</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ ðóññêèé</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>
+</TABLE></CENTER></P>
+
+
+<CENTER><H2>FLAC: ðåãèñòðàöèÿ id</H2></CENTER>
+
+<P>FLAC ïîçâîëÿåò ïðèëîæåíèÿì òðåòüèõ ëèö çàðåãèñòðèðîâàòü id äëÿ èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ áëîêîâ ìåòàäàííûõ <A HREF="format.html#def_APPLICATION"><TT>APPLICATION</TT></A>. ×òîáû ïîëó÷èòü id èëè âíåñòè èçìåíåíèå â ñóùåñòâóþùèé id, èñïîëüçóéòå ôîðìó íà ýòîé ñòðàíèöå (ïèøèòå íà àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå).</P>
+
+<FORM NAME="register" METHOD="GET" ENCTYPE="text/plain" ACTION="mailto:jcoalson@users.sourceforge.net">
+<CENTER><TABLE BORDER="0" WIDTH=90%>
+<TR><TD WIDTH=30%>* id ïðèëîæåíèÿ:</TD>
+<TD><INPUT TYPE=TEXT NAME="id" SIZE="8" MAXLENGTH="8"></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD>* íàçâàíèå ïðèëîæåíèÿ:</TD>
+<TD><INPUT TYPE=TEXT NAME="name" SIZE="40"></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD>* êîíòàêòíûé e-mail:</TD>
+<TD><INPUT TYPE=TEXT NAME="email" SIZE="40"></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD>url ïðèëîæåíèÿ:</TD>
+<TD><INPUT TYPE=TEXT NAME="appurl" SIZE="40"></TD></TR>
+<TR><TD>url ñïåöèôèêàöèè:</TD>
+<TD><INPUT TYPE=TEXT NAME="specurl" SIZE="40"></TD></TR></TABLE>
+
+<P>Êîììåíòàðèé:</P>
+<TEXTAREA NAME="comment" COLS="72" ROWS="8" WRAP="OFF"></TEXTAREA>
+
+<P>(* - îáÿçàòåëüíîå ïîëå)</P>
+</CENTER>
+
+<P>id äîëæåí ñîñòîÿòü èç âîñüìè ñèìâîëîâ <TT>[0..F]</TT> è íå êîíôëèêòîâàòü ñ ñóùåñòâóþùèìè èäåíòèôèêàòîðàìè (âíèçó ïðèâåäåíà òàáëèöà çàðåãèñòðèðîâàííûõ id). Ýòî 32-áèòíîå ÷èñëî áóäåò ñîõðàíåíî â áëîêå â ôîðìàòå big-endian.</P>
+
+<P>Èíôîðìàöèÿ î ïðèëîæåíèè (íî íå e-mail) áóäåò ïðèâåäåíà â êàòàëîãå id. Âû ìîæåòå ïðåäîñòàâèòü òàêæå ññûëêó íà ñòðàíèöó ïðèëîæåíèÿ è íà ñïåöèôèêàöèþ áëîêà <TT>APPLICATION</TT> äëÿ âàøåãî ïðèëîæåíèÿ.</P>
+
+<P>Ïîäòâåðæäåíèå ðåãèñòðàöèè áóäåò âûñëàíî Âàì ïî ïî÷òå.</P>
+
+<P><CENTER><INPUT TYPE=SUBMIT VALUE="Ïîäòâåðäèòü çàïðîñ"></CENTER></P>
+</FORM>
+
+<H3>Êàòàëîã id</H3>
+<P>Ñïèñîê çàðåãèñòðèðîâàííûõ ïðèëîæåíèé è èõ id.</P>
+
+<P><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="1">
+<TR BGCOLOR="#F0F0F0">
+ <TD><FONT SIZE="+1"><B>ID</B></FONT></TD>
+ <TD><FONT SIZE="+1"><B>Ïðèëîæåíèå</B></FONT></TD>
+</TR>
+
+<TR>
+ <TD>5346464C - "SFFL"</TD>
+ <TD>Sound Font FLAC</TD>
+</TR>
+
+</TABLE>
+
+
+<P> Copyright (c) 2001 Josh Coalson</P>
+
+</BODY>
+</HTML>
-<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//RU">\r
-<!-- Copyright (c) 2001 Josh Coalson -->\r
-<!-- Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document -->\r
-<!-- under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 -->\r
-<!-- or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; -->\r
-<!-- with no invariant sections. -->\r
-<!-- A copy of the license can be found at http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html -->\r
-<HTML>\r
-<HEAD>\r
-<META CHARSET="windows-1251">\r
-<TITLE>FLAC: íà÷àëî</TITLE>\r
-</HEAD>\r
-\r
-<BODY>\r
-<CENTER><TABLE cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0>\r
-<TR>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD height=22 align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="index.html">íà÷àëî</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="news.html">íîâîñòè</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="download.html">ôàéëû</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="features.html">õàðàêòåðèñòèêè</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="goals.html">öåëè</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="format.html">ôîðìàò</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="id.html">id</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="comparison.html">ñðàâíåíèå</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="developers.html">ðàçðàáîòêà</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="documentation.html">äîêóìåíòàöèÿ</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- ññûëêè </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="authors.html">àâòîðû</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>\r
-</TABLE></CENTER>\r
-\r
-<P><CENTER><TABLE cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0>\r
-<TR><TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD height=22 align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="../index.html">english</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- ðóññêèé</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>\r
-</TABLE></CENTER></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<CENTER><H2>FLAC: ññûëêè</H2></CENTER>\r
-\r
-<P><BLOCKQUOTE>\r
-<LI><A HREF="http://flac.sourceforge.net/">Äîêóìåíòàöèÿ FLAC íà àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå</A></LI>\r
-\r
-<LI><A HREF="http://www.sourceforge.net/projects/flac/">Ñòðàíèöà ïðîåêòà FLAC íà SourceForge</A></LI>\r
-\r
-<LI><A HREF="http://freshmeat.net/projects/flac">Ñòðàíèöà íà Freshmeat</A></LI>\r
-\r
-<LI><A HREF="http://www.firstpr.com.au/audiocomp/lossless/">Îñíîâíûå ïðèíöèïû ñæàòèÿ áåç ïîòåðü</A></LI>\r
-\r
-<LI><A HREF="http://dkutsanov.chat.ru/">Óòèëèòû äëÿ ñæàòèÿ àóäèî</A></LI>\r
-</BLOCKQUOTE></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<P>Ïðîãðàììû, èñïîëüçóþùèå FLAC:</P>\r
-\r
-<P><BLOCKQUOTE>\r
-<LI><A HREF="http://www.baudline.com/">Baudline</A> àíàëèçàòîð ñèãíàëà</A></LI>\r
-\r
-<LI><A HREF="http://www.lameb.fsnet.co.uk/">Split_wav</A> WAV+CUE splitter</A></LI>\r
-\r
-<LI><A HREF="http://rawrec.sourceforge.net/">rawrec/rawplay</A> óòèëèòû äëÿ çàïèñè è âîñïðîèçâåäåíèÿ</LI>\r
-\r
-<LI><A HREF="http://www.gstreamer.net/">GStreamer</A> ñèñòåìà äëÿ ïîòîâîé ïåðåäà÷è ìåäèà-ôàéëîâ<BR></FONT></SMALL></TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<LI><A HREF="http://www.lammerts.org/software/soepkiptng/">Soepkip TNG</A> ïëåéåð, óïðàâëÿåìûé ÷åðåç web-èíòåðôåéñ</LI>\r
-\r
-<!--\r
-Smurf Sound Font Editor (http://smurf.sourceforge.net/)\r
-shntool (http://freeshell.org/~shnutils/shntool/)\r
-CD Wave? (http://cdwave.com or http://www.homepages.hetnet.nl/~mjmlooijmans/cdwave/)\r
-etree.org?\r
--->\r
-\r
-</BLOCKQUOTE></P>\r
-\r
-<P> Copyright (c) 2001 Josh Coalson</P>\r
-\r
-</BODY>\r
-</HTML>\r
+<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//RU">
+<!-- Copyright (c) 2001 Josh Coalson -->
+<!-- Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document -->
+<!-- under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 -->
+<!-- or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; -->
+<!-- with no invariant sections. -->
+<!-- A copy of the license can be found at http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html -->
+<HTML>
+<HEAD>
+<META CHARSET="windows-1251">
+<TITLE>FLAC: íà÷àëî</TITLE>
+</HEAD>
+
+<BODY>
+<CENTER><TABLE cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0>
+<TR>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD height=22 align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="index.html">íà÷àëî</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="news.html">íîâîñòè</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="download.html">ôàéëû</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="features.html">õàðàêòåðèñòèêè</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="goals.html">öåëè</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="format.html">ôîðìàò</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>
+
+<TR>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="id.html">id</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="comparison.html">ñðàâíåíèå</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="developers.html">ðàçðàáîòêà</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="documentation.html">äîêóìåíòàöèÿ</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ ññûëêè </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="authors.html">àâòîðû</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>
+</TABLE></CENTER>
+
+<P><CENTER><TABLE cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0>
+<TR><TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD height=22 align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="../index.html">english</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ ðóññêèé</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>
+</TABLE></CENTER></P>
+
+
+<CENTER><H2>FLAC: ññûëêè</H2></CENTER>
+
+<P><BLOCKQUOTE>
+<LI><A HREF="http://flac.sourceforge.net/">Äîêóìåíòàöèÿ FLAC íà àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå</A></LI>
+
+<LI><A HREF="http://www.sourceforge.net/projects/flac/">Ñòðàíèöà ïðîåêòà FLAC íà SourceForge</A></LI>
+
+<LI><A HREF="http://freshmeat.net/projects/flac">Ñòðàíèöà íà Freshmeat</A></LI>
+
+<LI><A HREF="http://www.firstpr.com.au/audiocomp/lossless/">Îñíîâíûå ïðèíöèïû ñæàòèÿ áåç ïîòåðü</A></LI>
+
+<LI><A HREF="http://dkutsanov.chat.ru/">Óòèëèòû äëÿ ñæàòèÿ àóäèî</A></LI>
+</BLOCKQUOTE></P>
+
+
+<P>Ïðîãðàììû, èñïîëüçóþùèå FLAC:</P>
+
+<P><BLOCKQUOTE>
+<LI><A HREF="http://www.baudline.com/">Baudline</A> àíàëèçàòîð ñèãíàëà</A></LI>
+
+<LI><A HREF="http://www.lameb.fsnet.co.uk/">Split_wav</A> WAV+CUE splitter</A></LI>
+
+<LI><A HREF="http://rawrec.sourceforge.net/">rawrec/rawplay</A> óòèëèòû äëÿ çàïèñè è âîñïðîèçâåäåíèÿ</LI>
+
+<LI><A HREF="http://www.gstreamer.net/">GStreamer</A> ñèñòåìà äëÿ ïîòîâîé ïåðåäà÷è ìåäèà-ôàéëîâ<BR></FONT></SMALL></TD></TR>
+
+<LI><A HREF="http://www.lammerts.org/software/soepkiptng/">Soepkip TNG</A> ïëåéåð, óïðàâëÿåìûé ÷åðåç web-èíòåðôåéñ</LI>
+
+<!--
+Smurf Sound Font Editor (http://smurf.sourceforge.net/)
+shntool (http://freeshell.org/~shnutils/shntool/)
+CD Wave? (http://cdwave.com or http://www.homepages.hetnet.nl/~mjmlooijmans/cdwave/)
+etree.org?
+-->
+
+</BLOCKQUOTE></P>
+
+<P> Copyright (c) 2001 Josh Coalson</P>
+
+</BODY>
+</HTML>
-<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//RU">\r
-<!-- Copyright (c) 2001 Josh Coalson -->\r
-<!-- Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document -->\r
-<!-- under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 -->\r
-<!-- or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; -->\r
-<!-- with no invariant sections. -->\r
-<!-- A copy of the license can be found at http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html -->\r
-<HTML>\r
-<HEAD>\r
-<META CHARSET="windows-1251">\r
-<TITLE>FLAC: íîâîñòè</TITLE>\r
-</HEAD>\r
-\r
-<BODY>\r
-<CENTER><TABLE cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0>\r
-<TR>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD height=22 align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="index.html">íà÷àëî</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- íîâîñòè </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="download.html">ôàéëû</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="features.html">õàðàêòåðèñòèêè</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="goals.html">öåëè</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="format.html">ôîðìàò</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>\r
-\r
-<TR>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="id.html">id</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="comparison.html">ñðàâíåíèå</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="developers.html">ðàçðàáîòêà</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="documentation.html">äîêóìåíòàöèÿ</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="links.html">ññûëêè</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="authors.html">àâòîðû</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>\r
-</TABLE></CENTER>\r
-\r
-<P><CENTER><TABLE cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0>\r
-<TR><TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD height=22 align=center nowrap>\r
- <A HREF="../news.html">english</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD>\r
-<TD align=center nowrap>\r
- ðóññêèé</A> </TD>\r
-<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>\r
-</TABLE></CENTER></P>\r
-\r
-<CENTER><H2>FLAC: íîâîñòè</H2></CENTER>\r
-\r
-<P><LI><B>20.07.2001</B><BR>\r
-Âûøëà âåðñèÿ <B>FLAC 1.0</B>! Äîáàâëåíî íåñêîëüêî íîâûõ âîçìîæíîñòåé, íî â îñíîâíîì èñïðàâëåíèÿ îøèáîê.</P>\r
-\r
-<P><BLOCKQUOTE><UL>\r
-\r
-<LI>Íîâàÿ îïöèÿ '<TT>--sector-align</TT>' ïîçâîëÿåò âûðàâíèâàòü ãðóïïó êîäèðóåìûõ àóäèîôàéëîâ íà ãðàíèöó ñåêòîðà â ôîðìàòå Audio-CD.</LI>\r
-\r
-<LI>Íîâàÿ îïöèÿ '<TT>--output-prefix</TT>' äîáàâëÿåò ïðåôèêñ êî âñåì âûõîäíûì èìåíàì ôàéëîâ (ïîëåçíî, íàïðèìåð, äëÿ ñîõðàíåíèÿ ðåçóëüòàòîâ ðàáîòû â äðóãîé êàòàëîã).</LI>\r
-\r
-<LI>Óëó÷øåííîå àâòîîïðåäåëåíèå WAVE (áîëüøå íå ïîëàãàåòñÿ íà ungetc()).</LI>\r
-\r
-<LI>Áîëåå ïîíÿòíàÿ ñòàòèñòèêà ïðè êîäèðîâàíèè/äåêîäèðîâàíèè.</LI>\r
-\r
-<LI>Èçìåíåíèÿ â èíòåðåôåéñå áèáëèîòåêè <TT>libFLAC</TT> äëÿ áîëåå ïðîñòîé ïîääåðæêè áèíàðíîé ñîâìåñòèìîñòè â áóäóùåì.</LI>\r
-\r
-<LI>Íîâàÿ îïöèÿ '<LI>--sse-os</LI>' â êîíôèãóðàöèîííîì ñêðèïòå äëÿ èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ áîëåå áûñòðûõ ïðîöåäóð, îñíîâàííûõ íà SSE.</LI>\r
-\r
-<LI>Åùå îäíî (íàäåþñü ïîñëåäíåå) èñïðàâëåíèå â ïëàãèíå äëÿ Winamp 2.</LI>\r
-\r
-<LI>Íåìíîãî óëó÷øåíà îöåíêà ïàðàìåòðà Ðàéñà.</LI>\r
-\r
-<LI>Èñïðàâëåíèå îøèáîê, âîçíèêàþùèõ â î÷åíü ðåäêèõ ñèòóàöèÿõ ïðè êîäèðîâàíèè.</LI>\r
-</UL></BLOCKQUOTE></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<P><LI><B>07.06.2001</B></LI><BR>\r
-Âûøëà âåðñèÿ FLAC 0.10. Ñêîðåå âñåãî ýòî ïîñëåäíÿÿ áåòà âåðñèÿ. Çà ïîñëåäíèå äâà ìåñÿöà áûëî ñäåëàíî ìíîãî óëó÷øåíèé.</P>\r
-\r
-<P><BLOCKQUOTE><UL>\r
- <LI>Ñêîðîñòü ðàáîòû åíêîäåðà è äåêîäåðà çíà÷èòåëüíî âîçðîñëà. Îñíîâíûå ïðîöåäóðû íàïèñàíû íà àññåìáëåðå äëÿ IA-32.</LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>Äîáàâëåí áëîê ìåòàäàííûõ SEEKTABLE, ñîäåðæàùèé èíôîðìàöèþ, ïîçâîëÿþùóþ óñêîðèòü çíà÷èòåëüíî óñêîðèòü ïîèñê â ïîòîêå.</LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>Ìîäåëü ïîâåäåíèÿ <B><TT>flac</TT></B> òåïåðü àíàëîãè÷íà <B><TT>gzip</TT></B>.</LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>Îïöèè -# íàñòðîåíû äëÿ ïîëó÷åíèÿ íàèëó÷øåãî ñîîòíîøåíèÿ óðîâåíü/âðåìÿ ñæàòèÿ. Ïî óìîë÷åíèþ óñòàíîâëåíî çíà÷åíèå -5.</LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>Íåïîääåðæèâàåìûå áëîêè â WAVE-ôàéëå òåïåðü ïðîïóñêàþòñÿ ñ ïðåäóïðåæäåíèåì.</LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>Äîáàâëåíà îïöèÿ <TT>--delete-input-file</TT>, ïîçâîëÿþùàÿ óäàëÿòü âõîäíîé ôàéë ïîñëå óäà÷íîãî êîäèðîâàíèÿ/äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ.</LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>Èçìåíåí ïëàãèí äëÿ XMMS, ÷òîáû íîðìàëüíî ðàáîòàëà âèçóàëèçàöèÿ.</LI>\r
-\r
- <LI>Èñïðàâëåíà îøèáêà, âîçíèêàþùàÿ â ïîòîêîâîì äåêîäåðå ïîñëå ïîèñêà.</LI>\r
-</UL></BLOCKQUOTE></P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<P><LI><B>31.03.2001</B></LI><BR>\r
-Âûøëà âåðñèÿ 0.9. Èñïðàâëåíû ïëàãèíû äëÿ Winamp è XMMS. Èçìåíåí ôîðìàò (íàäåþñü, ïîñëåäíèé ðàç). Ïîòåðÿíà ñîâìåñòèìîñòü ñî âñåìè ïðåäûäóùèìè âåðñèÿìè.</P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<P><LI><B>24.03.2001</B></LI><BR>\r
-Áëèçèòñÿ âûõîä âåðñèè 0.9, â êîòîðîé äîëæåí áûòü èñïðàâëåí ïëàãèí äëÿ Winamp. Äæîø îáðàòèëñÿ ÷åðåç ñïèñîê ðàññûëêè, ÷òîáû ïîñëå âûõîäà ýòîé âåðñèè ê íåìó îáðàòèëèñü ñ ïîæåëàíèÿìè (îñîáåííî ðàäèêàëüíûìè, êîòîðûå ìîãóò êîñíóòüñÿ ôîðìàòà).</P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<P><LI><B>21.03.2001</B></LI><BR>\r
-Òåêóùàÿ âåðñèÿ FLAC - 0.8. Íà÷àò ïåðåâîä äîêóìåíòàöèè.</P>\r
-\r
-\r
-<P><LI><B>10.12.2000</B></LI><BR>\r
-FLAC âûëîæåí íà SourceForge. Ïîñåòèòå <A HREF="http://www.sourceforge.net/projects/flac/">ñòðàíèöó</A> ïðîåêòà, ÷òîáû ïîäïèñàòüñÿ íà ñïèñîê ðàñûëêè èëè ñòàòü ðàçðàáîò÷èêîì.</P>\r
-\r
-<P> Copyright (c) 2001 Josh Coalson</P>\r
-\r
-</BODY>\r
-</HTML>\r
+<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//RU">
+<!-- Copyright (c) 2001 Josh Coalson -->
+<!-- Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document -->
+<!-- under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 -->
+<!-- or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; -->
+<!-- with no invariant sections. -->
+<!-- A copy of the license can be found at http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html -->
+<HTML>
+<HEAD>
+<META CHARSET="windows-1251">
+<TITLE>FLAC: íîâîñòè</TITLE>
+</HEAD>
+
+<BODY>
+<CENTER><TABLE cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0>
+<TR>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD height=22 align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="index.html">íà÷àëî</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ íîâîñòè </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="download.html">ôàéëû</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="features.html">õàðàêòåðèñòèêè</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="goals.html">öåëè</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="format.html">ôîðìàò</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>
+
+<TR>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="id.html">id</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="comparison.html">ñðàâíåíèå</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="developers.html">ðàçðàáîòêà</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="documentation.html">äîêóìåíòàöèÿ</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="links.html">ññûëêè</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="authors.html">àâòîðû</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>
+</TABLE></CENTER>
+
+<P><CENTER><TABLE cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0>
+<TR><TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD height=22 align=center nowrap>
+ <A HREF="../news.html">english</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD>
+<TD align=center nowrap>
+ ðóññêèé</A> </TD>
+<TD align=center>|</TD></TR>
+</TABLE></CENTER></P>
+
+<CENTER><H2>FLAC: íîâîñòè</H2></CENTER>
+
+<P><LI><B>20.07.2001</B><BR>
+Âûøëà âåðñèÿ <B>FLAC 1.0</B>! Äîáàâëåíî íåñêîëüêî íîâûõ âîçìîæíîñòåé, íî â îñíîâíîì èñïðàâëåíèÿ îøèáîê.</P>
+
+<P><BLOCKQUOTE><UL>
+
+<LI>Íîâàÿ îïöèÿ '<TT>--sector-align</TT>' ïîçâîëÿåò âûðàâíèâàòü ãðóïïó êîäèðóåìûõ àóäèîôàéëîâ íà ãðàíèöó ñåêòîðà â ôîðìàòå Audio-CD.</LI>
+
+<LI>Íîâàÿ îïöèÿ '<TT>--output-prefix</TT>' äîáàâëÿåò ïðåôèêñ êî âñåì âûõîäíûì èìåíàì ôàéëîâ (ïîëåçíî, íàïðèìåð, äëÿ ñîõðàíåíèÿ ðåçóëüòàòîâ ðàáîòû â äðóãîé êàòàëîã).</LI>
+
+<LI>Óëó÷øåííîå àâòîîïðåäåëåíèå WAVE (áîëüøå íå ïîëàãàåòñÿ íà ungetc()).</LI>
+
+<LI>Áîëåå ïîíÿòíàÿ ñòàòèñòèêà ïðè êîäèðîâàíèè/äåêîäèðîâàíèè.</LI>
+
+<LI>Èçìåíåíèÿ â èíòåðåôåéñå áèáëèîòåêè <TT>libFLAC</TT> äëÿ áîëåå ïðîñòîé ïîääåðæêè áèíàðíîé ñîâìåñòèìîñòè â áóäóùåì.</LI>
+
+<LI>Íîâàÿ îïöèÿ '<LI>--sse-os</LI>' â êîíôèãóðàöèîííîì ñêðèïòå äëÿ èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ áîëåå áûñòðûõ ïðîöåäóð, îñíîâàííûõ íà SSE.</LI>
+
+<LI>Åùå îäíî (íàäåþñü ïîñëåäíåå) èñïðàâëåíèå â ïëàãèíå äëÿ Winamp 2.</LI>
+
+<LI>Íåìíîãî óëó÷øåíà îöåíêà ïàðàìåòðà Ðàéñà.</LI>
+
+<LI>Èñïðàâëåíèå îøèáîê, âîçíèêàþùèõ â î÷åíü ðåäêèõ ñèòóàöèÿõ ïðè êîäèðîâàíèè.</LI>
+</UL></BLOCKQUOTE></P>
+
+
+<P><LI><B>07.06.2001</B></LI><BR>
+Âûøëà âåðñèÿ FLAC 0.10. Ñêîðåå âñåãî ýòî ïîñëåäíÿÿ áåòà âåðñèÿ. Çà ïîñëåäíèå äâà ìåñÿöà áûëî ñäåëàíî ìíîãî óëó÷øåíèé.</P>
+
+<P><BLOCKQUOTE><UL>
+ <LI>Ñêîðîñòü ðàáîòû åíêîäåðà è äåêîäåðà çíà÷èòåëüíî âîçðîñëà. Îñíîâíûå ïðîöåäóðû íàïèñàíû íà àññåìáëåðå äëÿ IA-32.</LI>
+
+ <LI>Äîáàâëåí áëîê ìåòàäàííûõ SEEKTABLE, ñîäåðæàùèé èíôîðìàöèþ, ïîçâîëÿþùóþ óñêîðèòü çíà÷èòåëüíî óñêîðèòü ïîèñê â ïîòîêå.</LI>
+
+ <LI>Ìîäåëü ïîâåäåíèÿ <B><TT>flac</TT></B> òåïåðü àíàëîãè÷íà <B><TT>gzip</TT></B>.</LI>
+
+ <LI>Îïöèè -# íàñòðîåíû äëÿ ïîëó÷åíèÿ íàèëó÷øåãî ñîîòíîøåíèÿ óðîâåíü/âðåìÿ ñæàòèÿ. Ïî óìîë÷åíèþ óñòàíîâëåíî çíà÷åíèå -5.</LI>
+
+ <LI>Íåïîääåðæèâàåìûå áëîêè â WAVE-ôàéëå òåïåðü ïðîïóñêàþòñÿ ñ ïðåäóïðåæäåíèåì.</LI>
+
+ <LI>Äîáàâëåíà îïöèÿ <TT>--delete-input-file</TT>, ïîçâîëÿþùàÿ óäàëÿòü âõîäíîé ôàéë ïîñëå óäà÷íîãî êîäèðîâàíèÿ/äåêîäèðîâàíèÿ.</LI>
+
+ <LI>Èçìåíåí ïëàãèí äëÿ XMMS, ÷òîáû íîðìàëüíî ðàáîòàëà âèçóàëèçàöèÿ.</LI>
+
+ <LI>Èñïðàâëåíà îøèáêà, âîçíèêàþùàÿ â ïîòîêîâîì äåêîäåðå ïîñëå ïîèñêà.</LI>
+</UL></BLOCKQUOTE></P>
+
+
+<P><LI><B>31.03.2001</B></LI><BR>
+Âûøëà âåðñèÿ 0.9. Èñïðàâëåíû ïëàãèíû äëÿ Winamp è XMMS. Èçìåíåí ôîðìàò (íàäåþñü, ïîñëåäíèé ðàç). Ïîòåðÿíà ñîâìåñòèìîñòü ñî âñåìè ïðåäûäóùèìè âåðñèÿìè.</P>
+
+
+<P><LI><B>24.03.2001</B></LI><BR>
+Áëèçèòñÿ âûõîä âåðñèè 0.9, â êîòîðîé äîëæåí áûòü èñïðàâëåí ïëàãèí äëÿ Winamp. Äæîø îáðàòèëñÿ ÷åðåç ñïèñîê ðàññûëêè, ÷òîáû ïîñëå âûõîäà ýòîé âåðñèè ê íåìó îáðàòèëèñü ñ ïîæåëàíèÿìè (îñîáåííî ðàäèêàëüíûìè, êîòîðûå ìîãóò êîñíóòüñÿ ôîðìàòà).</P>
+
+
+<P><LI><B>21.03.2001</B></LI><BR>
+Òåêóùàÿ âåðñèÿ FLAC - 0.8. Íà÷àò ïåðåâîä äîêóìåíòàöèè.</P>
+
+
+<P><LI><B>10.12.2000</B></LI><BR>
+FLAC âûëîæåí íà SourceForge. Ïîñåòèòå <A HREF="http://www.sourceforge.net/projects/flac/">ñòðàíèöó</A> ïðîåêòà, ÷òîáû ïîäïèñàòüñÿ íà ñïèñîê ðàñûëêè èëè ñòàòü ðàçðàáîò÷èêîì.</P>
+
+<P> Copyright (c) 2001 Josh Coalson</P>
+
+</BODY>
+</HTML>
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