</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
+ <term><option>--oci-bundle=</option></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Takes the path to an OCI runtime bundle to invoke, as specified in the <ulink
+ url="https://github.com/opencontainers/runtime-spec/blob/master/spec.md">OCI Runtime Specification</ulink>. In
+ this case no <filename>.nspawn</filename> file is loaded, and the root directory and various settings are read
+ from the OCI runtime JSON data (but data passed on the command line takes precedence).</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
<term><option>--root-hash=</option></term>
<listitem><para>Takes a data integrity (dm-verity) root hash specified in hexadecimal. This option enables data
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
+ <term><option>--inaccessible=</option></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Make the specified path inaccessible in the container. This over-mounts the specified path
+ (which must exist in the container) with a file node of the same type that is empty and has the most
+ restrictive access mode supported. This is an effective way to mask files, directories and other file system
+ objects from the container payload. This option may be used more than once in case all specified paths are
+ masked.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
<term><option>--tmpfs=</option></term>
<listitem><para>Mount a tmpfs file system into the container. Takes a single absolute path argument that
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
+ <term><option>--console=</option><replaceable>MODE</replaceable></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Configures how to set up standard input, output and error output for the container payload, as
+ well as the <filename>/dev/console</filename> device for the container. Takes one of
+ <option>interactive</option>, <option>read-only</option>, <option>passive</option> or <option>pipe</option>. If
+ <option>interactive</option> a pseudo-TTY is allocated and made available as <filename>/dev/console</filename>
+ in the container. It is then bi-directionally connected to the standard input and output passed to
+ <command>systemd-nspawn</command>. <option>read-only</option> is similar but only the output of the container
+ is propagated and no input from the caller is read. In <option>passive</option> mode a pseudo TTY is allocated,
+ but it is not connected anywhere. Finally, in <option>pipe</option> mode no pseudo TTY is allocated, but the
+ passed standard input, output and error output file descriptors are passed on — as they are — to the container
+ payload. In this mode <filename>/dev/console</filename> will not exist in the container. Note that in this mode
+ the container payload generally cannot be a full init system as init systems tend to require
+ <filename>/dev/console</filename> to be available. On the other hand, in this mode container invocations can be
+ used within shell pipelines. This is because intermediary pseudo TTYs do not permit independent bidirectional
+ propagation of the end-of-file (EOF) condition, which is necessary for shell pipelines to work
+ correctly.</para>
+
+ <para>Note that the <option>pipe</option> mode should be used carefully, as passing arbitrary file descriptors
+ to less trusted container payloads might open up unwanted interfaces for access by the container payload. For
+ example, if a passed file descriptor refers to a TTY of some form, APIs such as <constant>TIOCSTI</constant>
+ may be used to synthesize input that might be used for escaping the container. Hence <option>pipe</option> mode
+ should only be used if the payload is sufficiently trusted or when the standard input/output/error output file
+ descriptors are known safe, for example pipes. Defaults to <option>interactive</option> if
+ <command>systemd-nspawn</command> is invoked from a terminal, and <option>read-only</option>
+ otherwise.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><option>--pipe</option></term>
+ <term><option>-P</option></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Equivalent to <option>--console=pipe</option>.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
<term><option>-q</option></term>
<term><option>--quiet</option></term>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
+ <term><varname>Inaccessible=</varname></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>Masks the specified file or directly in the container, by over-mounting it with an empty file
+ node of the same type with the most restrictive access mode. Takes a file system path as arugment. This option
+ may be used multiple times to mask multiple files or directories. This option is equivalent to the command line
+ switch <option>--inaccessible=</option>, see
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-nspawn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry> for details
+ about the specific options supported. This setting is privileged (see above).</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
<term><varname>Overlay=</varname></term>
<term><varname>OverlayReadOnly=</varname></term>