ARC: Unaligned access emulation
authorVineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Wed, 23 Jan 2013 11:00:36 +0000 (16:30 +0530)
committerVineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Fri, 15 Feb 2013 17:46:06 +0000 (23:16 +0530)
ARC700 doesn't natively support unaligned access, but can be emulated
-Unaligned Access Exception
-Disassembly at the Fault address to find the exact insn (long/short)

Also per Arnd's comment, we runtime control it using 2 sysctl knobs:
* SYSCTL_ARCH_UNALIGN_ALLOW: Runtime enable/disble
* SYSCTL_ARCH_UNALIGN_NO_WARN: Warn on each emulation attempt

Originally contributed by Tim Yao <tim.yao@amlogic.com>

Signed-off-by: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Tim Yao <tim.yao@amlogic.com>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
arch/arc/Kconfig
arch/arc/include/asm/Kbuild
arch/arc/include/asm/ptrace.h
arch/arc/include/asm/unaligned.h [new file with mode: 0644]
arch/arc/kernel/Makefile
arch/arc/kernel/disasm.c
arch/arc/kernel/entry.S
arch/arc/kernel/traps.c
arch/arc/kernel/unaligned.c [new file with mode: 0644]

index cde8d3f..f804283 100644 (file)
@@ -336,6 +336,17 @@ config ARC_CURR_IN_REG
          This reserved Register R25 to point to Current Task in
          kernel mode. This saves memory access for each such access
 
+
+config ARC_MISALIGN_ACCESS
+       bool "Emulate unaligned memory access (userspace only)"
+       default N
+       select SYSCTL_ARCH_UNALIGN_NO_WARN
+       select SYSCTL_ARCH_UNALIGN_ALLOW
+       help
+         This enables misaligned 16 & 32 bit memory access from user space.
+         Use ONLY-IF-ABS-NECESSARY as it will be very slow and also can hide
+         potential bugs in code
+
 config ARC_STACK_NONEXEC
        bool "Make stack non-executable"
        default n
index 78e982d..b24089c 100644 (file)
@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ generic-y += topology.h
 generic-y += trace_clock.h
 generic-y += types.h
 generic-y += ucontext.h
-generic-y += unaligned.h
 generic-y += user.h
 generic-y += vga.h
 generic-y += xor.h
index 063ed00..df5b952 100644 (file)
@@ -97,6 +97,9 @@ struct callee_regs {
        sp;                     \
 })
 
+/* return 1 if PC in delay slot */
+#define delay_mode(regs) ((regs->status32 & STATUS_DE_MASK) == STATUS_DE_MASK)
+
 #define in_syscall(regs)    (regs->event & orig_r8_IS_SCALL)
 #define in_brkpt_trap(regs) (regs->event & orig_r8_IS_BRKPT)
 
diff --git a/arch/arc/include/asm/unaligned.h b/arch/arc/include/asm/unaligned.h
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..5dbe63f
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2004, 2007-2010, 2011-2012 Synopsys, Inc. (www.synopsys.com)
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _ASM_ARC_UNALIGNED_H
+#define _ASM_ARC_UNALIGNED_H
+
+/* ARC700 can't handle unaligned Data accesses. */
+
+#include <asm-generic/unaligned.h>
+#include <asm/ptrace.h>
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_ARC_MISALIGN_ACCESS
+int misaligned_fixup(unsigned long address, struct pt_regs *regs,
+                    unsigned long cause, struct callee_regs *cregs);
+#else
+static inline int
+misaligned_fixup(unsigned long address, struct pt_regs *regs,
+                unsigned long cause, struct callee_regs *cregs)
+{
+       return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif /* _ASM_ARC_UNALIGNED_H */
index d331bd7..507a33d 100644 (file)
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_MODULES)                 += arcksyms.o module.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_SMP)                      += smp.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_ARC_DW2_UNWIND)           += unwind.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_KPROBES)                  += kprobes.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_ARC_MISALIGN_ACCESS)      += unaligned.o
 
 obj-$(CONFIG_ARC_FPU_SAVE_RESTORE)     += fpu.o
 CFLAGS_fpu.o   += -mdpfp
index 51bad8f..2f39028 100644 (file)
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 #include <asm/disasm.h>
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
 
-#if defined(CONFIG_KGDB) || defined(CONFIG_MISALIGN_ACCESS) || \
+#if defined(CONFIG_KGDB) || defined(CONFIG_ARC_MISALIGN_ACCESS) || \
        defined(CONFIG_KPROBES)
 
 /* disasm_instr: Analyses instruction at addr, stores
index 021cfa4..f8efade 100644 (file)
@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@
  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
  *
+ * vineetg: May 2011
+ *  -Userspace unaligned access emulation
+ *
  * vineetg: Feb 2011 (ptrace low level code fixes)
  *  -traced syscall return code (r0) was not saved into pt_regs for restoring
  *   into user reg-file when traded task rets to user space.
@@ -387,7 +390,17 @@ ARC_ENTRY EV_TLBProtV
        mov r1, r4              ; faulting address
        mov r2, sp              ; pt_regs
 
+#ifdef  CONFIG_ARC_MISALIGN_ACCESS
+       SAVE_CALLEE_SAVED_USER
+       mov r3, sp              ; callee_regs
+#endif
+
        bl  do_misaligned_access
+
+#ifdef  CONFIG_ARC_MISALIGN_ACCESS
+       DISCARD_CALLEE_SAVED_USER
+#endif
+
        b   ret_from_exception
 
 ARC_EXIT EV_TLBProtV
index c6396b4..ec802c5 100644 (file)
@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@
  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
  *
+ * vineetg: May 2011
+ *  -user-space unaligned access emulation
+ *
  * Rahul Trivedi: Codito Technologies 2004
  */
 
@@ -16,6 +19,7 @@
 #include <asm/ptrace.h>
 #include <asm/setup.h>
 #include <asm/kprobes.h>
+#include <asm/unaligned.h>
 
 void __init trap_init(void)
 {
@@ -79,7 +83,29 @@ DO_ERROR_INFO(SIGILL, "Illegal Insn (or Seq)", insterror_is_error, ILL_ILLOPC)
 DO_ERROR_INFO(SIGBUS, "Invalid Mem Access", do_memory_error, BUS_ADRERR)
 DO_ERROR_INFO(SIGTRAP, "Breakpoint Set", trap_is_brkpt, TRAP_BRKPT)
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_ARC_MISALIGN_ACCESS
+/*
+ * Entry Point for Misaligned Data access Exception, for emulating in software
+ */
+int do_misaligned_access(unsigned long cause, unsigned long address,
+                        struct pt_regs *regs, struct callee_regs *cregs)
+{
+       if (misaligned_fixup(address, regs, cause, cregs) != 0) {
+               siginfo_t info;
+
+               info.si_signo = SIGBUS;
+               info.si_errno = 0;
+               info.si_code = BUS_ADRALN;
+               info.si_addr = (void __user *)address;
+               return handle_exception(cause, "Misaligned Access", regs,
+                                         &info);
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+#else
 DO_ERROR_INFO(SIGSEGV, "Misaligned Access", do_misaligned_access, SEGV_ACCERR)
+#endif
 
 /*
  * Entry point for miscll errors such as Nested Exceptions
diff --git a/arch/arc/kernel/unaligned.c b/arch/arc/kernel/unaligned.c
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..4cd8163
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2011-2012 Synopsys (www.synopsys.com)
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * vineetg : May 2011
+ *  -Adapted (from .26 to .35)
+ *  -original contribution by Tim.yao@amlogic.com
+ *
+ */
+
+#include <linux/types.h>
+#include <linux/ptrace.h>
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include <asm/disasm.h>
+
+#define __get8_unaligned_check(val, addr, err)         \
+       __asm__(                                        \
+       "1:     ldb.ab  %1, [%2, 1]\n"                  \
+       "2:\n"                                          \
+       "       .section .fixup,\"ax\"\n"               \
+       "       .align  4\n"                            \
+       "3:     mov     %0, 1\n"                        \
+       "       b       2b\n"                           \
+       "       .previous\n"                            \
+       "       .section __ex_table,\"a\"\n"            \
+       "       .align  4\n"                            \
+       "       .long   1b, 3b\n"                       \
+       "       .previous\n"                            \
+       : "=r" (err), "=&r" (val), "=r" (addr)          \
+       : "0" (err), "2" (addr))
+
+#define get16_unaligned_check(val, addr)               \
+       do {                                            \
+               unsigned int err = 0, v, a = addr;      \
+               __get8_unaligned_check(v, a, err);      \
+               val =  v ;                              \
+               __get8_unaligned_check(v, a, err);      \
+               val |= v << 8;                          \
+               if (err)                                \
+                       goto fault;                     \
+       } while (0)
+
+#define get32_unaligned_check(val, addr)               \
+       do {                                            \
+               unsigned int err = 0, v, a = addr;      \
+               __get8_unaligned_check(v, a, err);      \
+               val =  v << 0;                          \
+               __get8_unaligned_check(v, a, err);      \
+               val |= v << 8;                          \
+               __get8_unaligned_check(v, a, err);      \
+               val |= v << 16;                         \
+               __get8_unaligned_check(v, a, err);      \
+               val |= v << 24;                         \
+               if (err)                                \
+                       goto fault;                     \
+       } while (0)
+
+#define put16_unaligned_check(val, addr)               \
+       do {                                            \
+               unsigned int err = 0, v = val, a = addr;\
+                                                       \
+               __asm__(                                \
+               "1:     stb.ab  %1, [%2, 1]\n"          \
+               "       lsr %1, %1, 8\n"                \
+               "2:     stb     %1, [%2]\n"             \
+               "3:\n"                                  \
+               "       .section .fixup,\"ax\"\n"       \
+               "       .align  4\n"                    \
+               "4:     mov     %0, 1\n"                \
+               "       b       3b\n"                   \
+               "       .previous\n"                    \
+               "       .section __ex_table,\"a\"\n"    \
+               "       .align  4\n"                    \
+               "       .long   1b, 4b\n"               \
+               "       .long   2b, 4b\n"               \
+               "       .previous\n"                    \
+               : "=r" (err), "=&r" (v), "=&r" (a)      \
+               : "0" (err), "1" (v), "2" (a));         \
+                                                       \
+               if (err)                                \
+                       goto fault;                     \
+       } while (0)
+
+#define put32_unaligned_check(val, addr)               \
+       do {                                            \
+               unsigned int err = 0, v = val, a = addr;\
+               __asm__(                                \
+                                                       \
+               "1:     stb.ab  %1, [%2, 1]\n"          \
+               "       lsr %1, %1, 8\n"                \
+               "2:     stb.ab  %1, [%2, 1]\n"          \
+               "       lsr %1, %1, 8\n"                \
+               "3:     stb.ab  %1, [%2, 1]\n"          \
+               "       lsr %1, %1, 8\n"                \
+               "4:     stb     %1, [%2]\n"             \
+               "5:\n"                                  \
+               "       .section .fixup,\"ax\"\n"       \
+               "       .align  4\n"                    \
+               "6:     mov     %0, 1\n"                \
+               "       b       5b\n"                   \
+               "       .previous\n"                    \
+               "       .section __ex_table,\"a\"\n"    \
+               "       .align  4\n"                    \
+               "       .long   1b, 6b\n"               \
+               "       .long   2b, 6b\n"               \
+               "       .long   3b, 6b\n"               \
+               "       .long   4b, 6b\n"               \
+               "       .previous\n"                    \
+               : "=r" (err), "=&r" (v), "=&r" (a)      \
+               : "0" (err), "1" (v), "2" (a));         \
+                                                       \
+               if (err)                                \
+                       goto fault;                     \
+       } while (0)
+
+/* sysctl hooks */
+int unaligned_enabled __read_mostly = 1;       /* Enabled by default */
+int no_unaligned_warning __read_mostly = 1;    /* Only 1 warning by default */
+
+static void fixup_load(struct disasm_state *state, struct pt_regs *regs,
+                       struct callee_regs *cregs)
+{
+       int val;
+
+       /* register write back */
+       if ((state->aa == 1) || (state->aa == 2)) {
+               set_reg(state->wb_reg, state->src1 + state->src2, regs, cregs);
+
+               if (state->aa == 2)
+                       state->src2 = 0;
+       }
+
+       if (state->zz == 0) {
+               get32_unaligned_check(val, state->src1 + state->src2);
+       } else {
+               get16_unaligned_check(val, state->src1 + state->src2);
+
+               if (state->x)
+                       val = (val << 16) >> 16;
+       }
+
+       if (state->pref == 0)
+               set_reg(state->dest, val, regs, cregs);
+
+       return;
+
+fault: state->fault = 1;
+}
+
+static void fixup_store(struct disasm_state *state, struct pt_regs *regs,
+                       struct callee_regs *cregs)
+{
+       /* register write back */
+       if ((state->aa == 1) || (state->aa == 2)) {
+               set_reg(state->wb_reg, state->src2 + state->src3, regs, cregs);
+
+               if (state->aa == 3)
+                       state->src3 = 0;
+       } else if (state->aa == 3) {
+               if (state->zz == 2) {
+                       set_reg(state->wb_reg, state->src2 + (state->src3 << 1),
+                               regs, cregs);
+               } else if (!state->zz) {
+                       set_reg(state->wb_reg, state->src2 + (state->src3 << 2),
+                               regs, cregs);
+               } else {
+                       goto fault;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* write fix-up */
+       if (!state->zz)
+               put32_unaligned_check(state->src1, state->src2 + state->src3);
+       else
+               put16_unaligned_check(state->src1, state->src2 + state->src3);
+
+       return;
+
+fault: state->fault = 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Handle an unaligned access
+ * Returns 0 if successfully handled, 1 if some error happened
+ */
+int misaligned_fixup(unsigned long address, struct pt_regs *regs,
+                    unsigned long cause, struct callee_regs *cregs)
+{
+       struct disasm_state state;
+       char buf[TASK_COMM_LEN];
+
+       /* handle user mode only and only if enabled by sysadmin */
+       if (!user_mode(regs) || !unaligned_enabled)
+               return 1;
+
+       if (no_unaligned_warning) {
+               pr_warn_once("%s(%d) made unaligned access which was emulated"
+                            " by kernel assist\n. This can degrade application"
+                            " performance significantly\n. To enable further"
+                            " logging of such instances, please \n"
+                            " echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/ignore-unaligned-usertrap\n",
+                            get_task_comm(buf, current), task_pid_nr(current));
+       } else {
+               /* Add rate limiting if it gets down to it */
+               pr_warn("%s(%d): unaligned access to/from 0x%lx by PC: 0x%lx\n",
+                       get_task_comm(buf, current), task_pid_nr(current),
+                       address, regs->ret);
+
+       }
+
+       disasm_instr(regs->ret, &state, 1, regs, cregs);
+
+       if (state.fault)
+               goto fault;
+
+       /* ldb/stb should not have unaligned exception */
+       if ((state.zz == 1) || (state.di))
+               goto fault;
+
+       if (!state.write)
+               fixup_load(&state, regs, cregs);
+       else
+               fixup_store(&state, regs, cregs);
+
+       if (state.fault)
+               goto fault;
+
+       if (delay_mode(regs)) {
+               regs->ret = regs->bta;
+               regs->status32 &= ~STATUS_DE_MASK;
+       } else {
+               regs->ret += state.instr_len;
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+
+fault:
+       pr_err("Alignment trap: fault in fix-up %08lx at [<%08lx>]\n",
+               state.words[0], address);
+
+       return 1;
+}