UBI: improve corrupted flash handling

This patch improves the way UBI handles corrupted flash, or flash
containing garbage or non-UBI data, which is the same from UBI POW.
Namely, we do the following:

* if 5% or more PEBs are corrupted, refuse the flash
* if less than 5% PEBs are corrupted, do not refuse the flash
  and format these PEBs
* if less than 8 PEBs are corrupted, format them silently, otherwise
  print a warning message.

Reported-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <sebastian@breakpoint.cc>
Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <Artem.Bityutskiy@nokia.com>
Reviewed-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <sebastian@breakpoint.cc>
Tested-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <sebastian@breakpoint.cc>

diff --git a/drivers/mtd/ubi/scan.c b/drivers/mtd/ubi/scan.c
index a20f278..6b7c0c4 100644 (file)
--- a/drivers/mtd/ubi/scan.c
+++ b/drivers/mtd/ubi/scan.c
@@ -760,8 +760,6 @@ static int process_eb(struct ubi_device *ubi, struct ubi_scan_info *si,
                bitflips = 1;
        }
 
-       si->is_empty = 0;
-
        if (!ec_corr) {
                int image_seq;
 
@@ -892,6 +890,85 @@ adjust_mean_ec:
 }
 
 /**
+ * check_what_we_have - check what PEB were found by scanning.
+ * @ubi: UBI device description object
+ * @si: scanning information
+ *
+ * This is a helper function which takes a look what PEBs were found by
+ * scanning, and decides whether the flash is empty and should be formatted and
+ * whether there are too many corrupted PEBs and we should not attach this
+ * MTD device. Returns zero if we should proceed with attaching the MTD device,
+ * and %-EINVAL if we should not.
+ */
+static int check_what_we_have(const struct ubi_device *ubi,
+                             struct ubi_scan_info *si)
+{
+       struct ubi_scan_leb *seb;
+       int max_corr;
+
+       max_corr = ubi->peb_count - si->bad_peb_count - si->alien_peb_count;
+       max_corr = max_corr / 20 ?: 8;
+
+       /*
+        * Few corrupted PEBs are not a problem and may be just a result of
+        * unclean reboots. However, many of them may indicate some problems
+        * with the flash HW or driver.
+        */
+       if (si->corr_peb_count >= 8) {
+               ubi_warn("%d PEBs are corrupted", si->corr_peb_count);
+               printk(KERN_WARNING "corrupted PEBs are:");
+               list_for_each_entry(seb, &si->corr, u.list)
+                       printk(KERN_CONT " %d", seb->pnum);
+               printk(KERN_CONT "\n");
+
+               /*
+                * If too many PEBs are corrupted, we refuse attaching,
+                * otherwise, only print a warning.
+                */
+               if (si->corr_peb_count >= max_corr) {
+                       ubi_err("too many corrupted PEBs, refusing this device");
+                       return -EINVAL;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (si->free_peb_count + si->used_peb_count +
+           si->alien_peb_count == 0) {
+               /* No UBI-formatted eraseblocks were found */
+               if (si->corr_peb_count == si->read_err_count &&
+                   si->corr_peb_count < 8) {
+                       /* No or just few corrupted PEBs, and all of them had a
+                        * read error. We assume that those are bad PEBs, which
+                        * were just not marked as bad so far.
+                        *
+                        * This piece of code basically tries to distinguish
+                        * between the following 2 situations:
+                        *
+                        * 1. Flash is empty, but there are few bad PEBs, which
+                        *    are not marked as bad so far, and which were read
+                        *    with error. We want to go ahead and format this
+                        *    flash. While formating, the faulty PEBs will
+                        *    probably be marked as bad.
+                        *
+                        * 2. Flash probably contains non-UBI data and we do
+                        * not want to format it and destroy possibly needed
+                        * data (e.g., consider the case when the bootloader
+                        * MTD partition was accidentally fed to UBI).
+                        */
+                       si->is_empty = 1;
+                       ubi_msg("empty MTD device detected");
+               } else {
+                       ubi_err("MTD device possibly contains non-UBI data, "
+                               "refusing it");
+                       return -EINVAL;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (si->corr_peb_count >= 0)
+               ubi_msg("corrupted PEBs will be formatted");
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/**
  * ubi_scan - scan an MTD device.
  * @ubi: UBI device description object
  *
@@ -915,7 +992,6 @@ struct ubi_scan_info *ubi_scan(struct ubi_device *ubi)
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&si->erase);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&si->alien);
        si->volumes = RB_ROOT;
-       si->is_empty = 1;
 
        err = -ENOMEM;
        ech = kzalloc(ubi->ec_hdr_alsize, GFP_KERNEL);
@@ -941,22 +1017,9 @@ struct ubi_scan_info *ubi_scan(struct ubi_device *ubi)
        if (si->ec_count)
                si->mean_ec = div_u64(si->ec_sum, si->ec_count);
 
-       if (si->is_empty)
-               ubi_msg("empty MTD device detected");
-
-       /*
-        * Few corrupted PEBs are not a problem and may be just a result of
-        * unclean reboots. However, many of them may indicate some problems
-        * with the flash HW or driver. Print a warning in this case.
-        */
-       if (si->corr_peb_count >= 8 ||
-           si->corr_peb_count >= ubi->peb_count / 4) {
-               ubi_warn("%d PEBs are corrupted", si->corr_peb_count);
-               printk(KERN_WARNING "corrupted PEBs are:");
-               list_for_each_entry(seb, &si->corr, u.list)
-                       printk(KERN_CONT " %d", seb->pnum);
-               printk(KERN_CONT "\n");
-       }
+       err = check_what_we_have(ubi, si);
+       if (err)
+               goto out_vidh;
 
        /*
         * In case of unknown erase counter we use the mean erase counter