Do a few changes to make the output look better:
- use bullets on trivial patches list;
- use monotonic font for tools name;
- use :manpage:`foo` for man pages;
- don't put all references to maintainer*html at the same line.
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@s-opensource.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Documentation/SubmittingDrivers; for device tree binding patches, read
Documentation/devicetree/bindings/submitting-patches.txt.
Documentation/SubmittingDrivers; for device tree binding patches, read
Documentation/devicetree/bindings/submitting-patches.txt.
-Many of these steps describe the default behavior of the git version
-control system; if you use git to prepare your patches, you'll find much
+Many of these steps describe the default behavior of the ``git`` version
+control system; if you use ``git`` to prepare your patches, you'll find much
of the mechanical work done for you, though you'll still need to prepare
of the mechanical work done for you, though you'll still need to prepare
-and document a sensible set of patches. In general, use of git will make
+and document a sensible set of patches. In general, use of ``git`` will make
your life as a kernel developer easier.
Creating and Sending your Change
your life as a kernel developer easier.
Creating and Sending your Change
-------------------------------
If you do not have a repository with the current kernel source handy, use
-------------------------------
If you do not have a repository with the current kernel source handy, use
-git to obtain one. You'll want to start with the mainline repository,
+``git`` to obtain one. You'll want to start with the mainline repository,
which can be grabbed with::
git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git
which can be grabbed with::
git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git
If you must generate your patches by hand, use ``diff -up`` or ``diff -uprN``
to create patches. Git generates patches in this form by default; if
If you must generate your patches by hand, use ``diff -up`` or ``diff -uprN``
to create patches. Git generates patches in this form by default; if
-you're using git, you can skip this section entirely.
+you're using ``git``, you can skip this section entirely.
All changes to the Linux kernel occur in the form of patches, as
All changes to the Linux kernel occur in the form of patches, as
-generated by diff(1). When creating your patch, make sure to create it
-in "unified diff" format, as supplied by the ``-u`` argument to diff(1).
+generated by :manpage:`diff(1)`. When creating your patch, make sure to
+create it in "unified diff" format, as supplied by the ``-u`` argument
+to :manpage:`diff(1)`.
Also, please use the ``-p`` argument which shows which C function each
Also, please use the ``-p`` argument which shows which C function each
-change is in - that makes the resultant diff a lot easier to read.
+change is in - that makes the resultant ``diff`` a lot easier to read.
Patches should be based in the root kernel source directory,
not in any lower subdirectory.
Patches should be based in the root kernel source directory,
not in any lower subdirectory.
diff -up $SRCTREE/$MYFILE{.orig,} > /tmp/patch
To create a patch for multiple files, you should unpack a "vanilla",
diff -up $SRCTREE/$MYFILE{.orig,} > /tmp/patch
To create a patch for multiple files, you should unpack a "vanilla",
-or unmodified kernel source tree, and generate a diff against your
+or unmodified kernel source tree, and generate a ``diff`` against your
own source tree. For example::
MYSRC= /devel/linux
own source tree. For example::
MYSRC= /devel/linux
linux-3.19-vanilla $MYSRC > /tmp/patch
``dontdiff`` is a list of files which are generated by the kernel during
linux-3.19-vanilla $MYSRC > /tmp/patch
``dontdiff`` is a list of files which are generated by the kernel during
-the build process, and should be ignored in any diff(1)-generated
+the build process, and should be ignored in any :manpage:`diff(1)`-generated
patch.
Make sure your patch does not include any extra files which do not
belong in a patch submission. Make sure to review your patch -after-
patch.
Make sure your patch does not include any extra files which do not
belong in a patch submission. Make sure to review your patch -after-
-generating it with diff(1), to ensure accuracy.
+generating it with :manpage:`diff(1)`, to ensure accuracy.
If your changes produce a lot of deltas, you need to split them into
individual patches which modify things in logical stages; see
:ref:`split_changes`. This will facilitate review by other kernel developers,
very important if you want your patch accepted.
If your changes produce a lot of deltas, you need to split them into
individual patches which modify things in logical stages; see
:ref:`split_changes`. This will facilitate review by other kernel developers,
very important if you want your patch accepted.
-If you're using git, ``git rebase -i`` can help you with this process. If
-you're not using git, quilt <http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/quilt>
+If you're using ``git``, ``git rebase -i`` can help you with this process. If
+you're not using ``git``, ``quilt`` <http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/quilt>
is another popular alternative.
.. _describe_changes:
is another popular alternative.
.. _describe_changes:
The maintainer will thank you if you write your patch description in a
form which can be easily pulled into Linux's source code management
The maintainer will thank you if you write your patch description in a
form which can be easily pulled into Linux's source code management
-system, git, as a "commit log". See :ref:`explicit_in_reply_to`.
+system, ``git``, as a "commit log". See :ref:`explicit_in_reply_to`.
Solve only one problem per patch. If your description starts to get
long, that's a sign that you probably need to split up your patch.
Solve only one problem per patch. If your description starts to get
long, that's a sign that you probably need to split up your patch.
If the patch fixes a logged bug entry, refer to that bug entry by
number and URL. If the patch follows from a mailing list discussion,
give a URL to the mailing list archive; use the https://lkml.kernel.org/
If the patch fixes a logged bug entry, refer to that bug entry by
number and URL. If the patch follows from a mailing list discussion,
give a URL to the mailing list archive; use the https://lkml.kernel.org/
-redirector with a Message-Id, to ensure that the links cannot become
+redirector with a ``Message-Id``, to ensure that the links cannot become
stale.
However, try to make your explanation understandable without external
stale.
However, try to make your explanation understandable without external
change five years from now.
If your patch fixes a bug in a specific commit, e.g. you found an issue using
change five years from now.
If your patch fixes a bug in a specific commit, e.g. you found an issue using
-git-bisect, please use the 'Fixes:' tag with the first 12 characters of the
-SHA-1 ID, and the one line summary. For example::
+``git bisect``, please use the 'Fixes:' tag with the first 12 characters of
+the SHA-1 ID, and the one line summary. For example::
Fixes: e21d2170f366 ("video: remove unnecessary platform_set_drvdata()")
Fixes: e21d2170f366 ("video: remove unnecessary platform_set_drvdata()")
-The following git-config settings can be used to add a pretty format for
-outputting the above style in the git log or git show commands::
+The following ``git config`` settings can be used to add a pretty format for
+outputting the above style in the ``git log`` or ``git show`` commands::
Trivial patches must qualify for one of the following rules:
Trivial patches must qualify for one of the following rules:
- Spelling fixes in documentation
- Spelling fixes for errors which could break grep(1)
- Warning fixes (cluttering with useless warnings is bad)
- Compilation fixes (only if they are actually correct)
- Runtime fixes (only if they actually fix things)
- Removing use of deprecated functions/macros
- Contact detail and documentation fixes
- Non-portable code replaced by portable code (even in arch-specific,
- since people copy, as long as it's trivial)
- Any fix by the author/maintainer of the file (ie. patch monkey
- in re-transmission mode)
+- Spelling fixes in documentation
+- Spelling fixes for errors which could break :manpage:`grep(1)`
+- Warning fixes (cluttering with useless warnings is bad)
+- Compilation fixes (only if they are actually correct)
+- Runtime fixes (only if they actually fix things)
+- Removing use of deprecated functions/macros
+- Contact detail and documentation fixes
+- Non-portable code replaced by portable code (even in arch-specific,
+ since people copy, as long as it's trivial)
+- Any fix by the author/maintainer of the file (ie. patch monkey
+ in re-transmission mode)
tools, so that they may comment on specific portions of your code.
For this reason, all patches should be submitted by e-mail "inline".
tools, so that they may comment on specific portions of your code.
For this reason, all patches should be submitted by e-mail "inline".
-WARNING: Be wary of your editor's word-wrap corrupting your patch,
-if you choose to cut-n-paste your patch.
+
+.. warning::
+
+ Be wary of your editor's word-wrap corrupting your patch,
+ if you choose to cut-n-paste your patch.
Do not attach the patch as a MIME attachment, compressed or not.
Many popular e-mail applications will not always transmit a MIME
Do not attach the patch as a MIME attachment, compressed or not.
Many popular e-mail applications will not always transmit a MIME
------------------------------
This section describes how the patch itself should be formatted. Note
------------------------------
This section describes how the patch itself should be formatted. Note
-that, if you have your patches stored in a git repository, proper patch
+that, if you have your patches stored in a ``git`` repository, proper patch
formatting can be had with ``git format-patch``. The tools cannot create
the necessary text, though, so read the instructions below anyway.
formatting can be had with ``git format-patch``. The tools cannot create
the necessary text, though, so read the instructions below anyway.
- Any additional comments not suitable for the changelog.
- Any additional comments not suitable for the changelog.
- - The actual patch (diff output).
+ - The actual patch (``diff`` output).
The Subject line format makes it very easy to sort the emails
alphabetically by subject line - pretty much any email reader will
The Subject line format makes it very easy to sort the emails
alphabetically by subject line - pretty much any email reader will
Bear in mind that the ``summary phrase`` of your email becomes a
globally-unique identifier for that patch. It propagates all the way
Bear in mind that the ``summary phrase`` of your email becomes a
globally-unique identifier for that patch. It propagates all the way
-into the git changelog. The ``summary phrase`` may later be used in
+into the ``git`` changelog. The ``summary phrase`` may later be used in
developer discussions which refer to the patch. People will want to
google for the ``summary phrase`` to read discussion regarding that
patch. It will also be the only thing that people may quickly see
when, two or three months later, they are going through perhaps
developer discussions which refer to the patch. People will want to
google for the ``summary phrase`` to read discussion regarding that
patch. It will also be the only thing that people may quickly see
when, two or three months later, they are going through perhaps
-thousands of patches using tools such as ``gitk`` or "git log
---oneline".
+thousands of patches using tools such as ``gitk`` or ``git log
+--oneline``.
For these reasons, the ``summary`` must be no more than 70-75
characters, and it must describe both what the patch changes, as well
For these reasons, the ``summary`` must be no more than 70-75
characters, and it must describe both what the patch changes, as well
handling tools where the changelog message ends.
One good use for the additional comments after the ``---`` marker is for
handling tools where the changelog message ends.
One good use for the additional comments after the ``---`` marker is for
-a diffstat, to show what files have changed, and the number of
-inserted and deleted lines per file. A diffstat is especially useful
+a ``diffstat``, to show what files have changed, and the number of
+inserted and deleted lines per file. A ``diffstat`` is especially useful
on bigger patches. Other comments relevant only to the moment or the
maintainer, not suitable for the permanent changelog, should also go
here. A good example of such comments might be ``patch changelogs``
which describe what has changed between the v1 and v2 version of the
patch.
on bigger patches. Other comments relevant only to the moment or the
maintainer, not suitable for the permanent changelog, should also go
here. A good example of such comments might be ``patch changelogs``
which describe what has changed between the v1 and v2 version of the
patch.
-If you are going to include a diffstat after the ``---`` marker, please
-use diffstat options ``-p 1 -w 70`` so that filenames are listed from
+If you are going to include a ``diffstat`` after the ``---`` marker, please
+use ``diffstat`` options ``-p 1 -w 70`` so that filenames are listed from
the top of the kernel source tree and don't use too much horizontal
the top of the kernel source tree and don't use too much horizontal
-space (easily fit in 80 columns, maybe with some indentation). (git
+space (easily fit in 80 columns, maybe with some indentation). (``git``
generates appropriate diffstats by default.)
See more details on the proper patch format in the following
generates appropriate diffstats by default.)
See more details on the proper patch format in the following
A pull request should also include an overall message saying what will be
included in the request, a ``git shortlog`` listing of the patches
A pull request should also include an overall message saying what will be
included in the request, a ``git shortlog`` listing of the patches
-themselves, and a diffstat showing the overall effect of the patch series.
+themselves, and a ``diffstat`` showing the overall effect of the patch series.
The easiest way to get all this information together is, of course, to let
The easiest way to get all this information together is, of course, to let
-git do it for you with the ``git request-pull`` command.
+``git`` do it for you with the ``git request-pull`` command.
Some maintainers (including Linus) want to see pull requests from signed
commits; that increases their confidence that the request actually came
Some maintainers (including Linus) want to see pull requests from signed
commits; that increases their confidence that the request actually came
new developers, but there is no way around it. Attending conferences can
be a good way to find developers who can sign your key.
new developers, but there is no way around it. Attending conferences can
be a good way to find developers who can sign your key.
-Once you have prepared a patch series in git that you wish to have somebody
+Once you have prepared a patch series in ``git`` that you wish to have somebody
pull, create a signed tag with ``git tag -s``. This will create a new tag
identifying the last commit in the series and containing a signature
created with your private key. You will also have the opportunity to add a
pull, create a signed tag with ``git tag -s``. This will create a new tag
identifying the last commit in the series and containing a signature
created with your private key. You will also have the opportunity to add a
Greg Kroah-Hartman, "How to piss off a kernel subsystem maintainer".
<http://www.kroah.com/log/linux/maintainer.html>
Greg Kroah-Hartman, "How to piss off a kernel subsystem maintainer".
<http://www.kroah.com/log/linux/maintainer.html>
<http://www.kroah.com/log/linux/maintainer-02.html>
<http://www.kroah.com/log/linux/maintainer-02.html>
<http://www.kroah.com/log/linux/maintainer-03.html>
<http://www.kroah.com/log/linux/maintainer-03.html>
<http://www.kroah.com/log/linux/maintainer-04.html>
<http://www.kroah.com/log/linux/maintainer-04.html>
<http://www.kroah.com/log/linux/maintainer-05.html>
<http://www.kroah.com/log/linux/maintainer-05.html>
<http://www.kroah.com/log/linux/maintainer-06.html>
NO!!!! No more huge patch bombs to linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org people!
<http://www.kroah.com/log/linux/maintainer-06.html>
NO!!!! No more huge patch bombs to linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org people!
Andi Kleen, "On submitting kernel patches"
Some strategies to get difficult or controversial changes in.
Andi Kleen, "On submitting kernel patches"
Some strategies to get difficult or controversial changes in.
http://halobates.de/on-submitting-patches.pdf
http://halobates.de/on-submitting-patches.pdf
projects / platform / kernel / linux-rpi.git / commitdiff