Fix assertion failure / crash in multi-core JIT (#53573)

Fix assertion failure / crash in multi-core JIT (#53573)

* Fix assertion failure / crash in multi-core JIT

- When the recorder times out it doesn't actually stop profiling, but writes out the profile
- The app may later stop profiling, and then it tries to write the profile again
- PR https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/pull/48326 fairly expected that the profile is only written once (some state is mutated)
- The non-timeout stop-profile path was also not stopping the timer
- Fix for https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/issues/53014 in main