[OptTable] Reapply Improve error message output for grouped short options

[OptTable] Reapply Improve error message output for grouped short options

This reapplies 71d7fed3bc2ad6c22729d446526a59fcfd99bd03 which was
reverted by 3e2bd82f02c6cbbfb0544897c7645867f04b3a7e. This change
includes the fix for breaking the sanitizer bots.

As seen in https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=48880 the current
implementation for parsing grouped short options can return unclear
error messages. This change fixes the example given in the ticket in
which a flag is incorrectly given an argument. Also when parsing a
group we now keep reading past the first incorrect option and output
errors for all incorrect options in the group.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D108770