c-family: Account for integral promotions of left shifts for -Wshift-overflow warning...

c-family: Account for integral promotions of left shifts for -Wshift-overflow warning [PR107846]

The r13-1100-gacb1e6f43dc2bbedd124 change added match.pd narrowing
of left shifts, and while I believe the C++ FE calls the warning on unfolded
trees, the C FE folds them and so left shifts where integral promotion
happened and so were done in int type will be usually narrowed back to
char/signed char/unsigned char/short/unsigned short left shifts if the
shift count is constant and fits into the precision of the var being
shifted.
One possibility would be to restrict the match.pd optimization to GIMPLE
only, another don't fold in C FE before this warning (well, we need to
fold the shift count operand to constant if possible), the following patch
just takes integral promotion into account in the warning code.

2023-03-04  Jakub Jelinek  <jakub@redhat.com>

	PR c/107846
	* c-warn.cc: Include langhooks.h.
	(maybe_warn_shift_overflow): Set type0 to what TREE_TYPE (op0)
	promotes to rather than TREE_TYPE (op0) itself, if TREE_TYPE (op0)
	is narrower than type0 and unsigned, use wi::min_precision with
	UNSIGNED and fold_convert op0 to type0 before emitting the warning.

	* gcc.dg/pr107846.c: New test.