Add vectorization to improve CRC32 performance (#83321)

Add vectorization to improve CRC32 performance (#83321)

* Add x86 intrinsics to improve CRC32 performance

This significantly improves performance for System.IO.Hashing.Crc32 for
cases where the source span is 64 bytes or larger on Intel x86/x64
architectures.

The change only applies to .NET 7 and later targets of System.IO.Hashing
because it uses some Vector128 APIs added in .NET 7.

BenchmarkDotNet=v0.13.2.2052-nightly, OS=Windows 11 (10.0.22000.1641/21H2)
Intel Core i7-10850H CPU 2.70GHz, 1 CPU, 12 logical and 6 physical cores
.NET SDK=8.0.100-preview.1.23115.2
  [Host]     : .NET 8.0.0 (8.0.23.11008), X64 RyuJIT AVX2
  Job-PBKTIR : .NET 8.0.0 (42.42.42.42424), X64 RyuJIT AVX2
  Job-TVEBLV : .NET 8.0.0 (42.42.42.42424), X64 RyuJIT AVX2

PowerPlanMode=00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000  IterationTime=250.0000 ms  MaxIterationCount=20
MinIterationCount=15  WarmupCount=1

| Method | Job        | BufferSize |        Mean |     Error |    StdDev |      Median |         Min |         Max | Ratio |
|------- |----------- |----------- |------------:|----------:|----------:|------------:|------------:|------------:|------:|
| Append | Current    |        128 |   228.20 ns |  2.366 ns |  2.213 ns |   228.07 ns |   225.54 ns |   232.75 ns |  1.00 |
| Append | Intrinsics |        128 |    17.62 ns |  0.096 ns |  0.075 ns |    17.59 ns |    17.56 ns |    17.80 ns |  0.08 |
|        |            |            |             |           |           |             |             |             |       |
| Append | Current    |       1024 | 1,988.07 ns | 47.120 ns | 54.264 ns | 1,990.18 ns | 1,892.83 ns | 2,089.15 ns |  1.00 |
| Append | Intrinsics |       1024 |    64.71 ns |  0.794 ns |  0.704 ns |    64.67 ns |    63.13 ns |    65.96 ns |  0.03 |

* Use vector operator overloads and ref byte indexing

* Fix error and remove ref ROS

* Drop aggressive inlining and legibility improvements

* Don't overcheck intrinsics

* First pass at ARM support

* ARM tweaks

* A bit of cleanup for legibility

* A little more cleanup

* Add license notices

* Move vector shift right to helper function

* A bit of cleanup

* Use System.Diagnostics.UnreachableException

* Use ReadUnaligned for ARM CRC