Add -strip-nonlinetable-debuginfo capability

Add -strip-nonlinetable-debuginfo capability

This adds a new function to DebugInfo.cpp that takes an llvm::Module
as input and removes all debug info metadata that is not directly
needed for line tables, thus effectively stripping all type and
variable information from the module.

The primary motivation for this feature was the bitcode work flow
(cf. http://lists.llvm.org/pipermail/llvm-dev/2016-June/100643.html
for more background). This is not wired up yet, but will be in
subsequent patches.  For testing, the new functionality is exposed to
opt with a -strip-nonlinetable-debuginfo option.

The secondary use-case (and one that works right now!) is as a
reduction pass in bugpoint. I added two new bugpoint options
(-disable-strip-debuginfo and -disable-strip-debug-types) to control
the new features. By default it will first attempt to remove all debug
information, then only the type info, and then proceed to hack at any
remaining MDNodes.

llvm-svn: 283473