[lldb][NFCI] Change logic to find clang resource dir in standalone builds
As of
0beffb854209a41f31beb18f9631258349a99299 there is a CMake
function to actually calculate the relative path to the clang resource
directory. Currently we have some bespoke logic that looks in a few
places, but with this new function we should be able to eliminate some
complexity here.
Also, I moved the functionality from LLDBConfig to LLDBStandalone since
it is only used in standalone builds.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D156270
(cherry picked from commit
a809720102fae8d1b5a7073f99f9dae9395c5f41)