libstdc++: Add lightweight replacement for std::numeric_limits (PR 92546)

libstdc++: Add lightweight replacement for std::numeric_limits (PR 92546)

Many uses of std::numeric_limits in C++17 and C++20 features only really
need the min(), max() and digits constants for integral types. By adding
__detail::__int_limits we can avoid including the whole <limits> header.

The <limits> header isn't especially large, but avoiding it still gives
small savings in compilation time and memory usage for the compiler.

There are also C++11 features that could benefit from this change (e.g.
<bits/hashtable_policy.h> and <bits/uniform_int_dist.h>) but I won't
change those until stage 1.

The implementation of __int_limits assumes two's complement integers,
which is true for all targets supported by GCC.

	PR libstdc++/92546 (partial)
	* include/Makefile.am: Add new header.
	* include/Makefile.in: Regenerate.
	* include/bits/int_limits.h: New header.
	* include/bits/parse_numbers.h (__select_int::_Select_int): Replace
	numeric_limits with __detail::__int_limits.
	* include/std/bit (__rotl, __rotr, __countl_zero, __countl_one)
	(__countr_zero, __countr_one, __popcount, __ceil2, __floor2, __log2p1):
	Likewise.
	* include/std/charconv (__to_chars_8, __from_chars_binary)
	(__from_chars_alpha_to_num, from_chars): Likewise.
	* include/std/memory_resource (polymorphic_allocator::allocate)
	(polymorphic_allocator::allocate_object): Likewise.
	* include/std/string_view (basic_string_view::_S_compare): Likewise.
	* include/std/utility (in_range): Likewise.
	* testsuite/20_util/integer_comparisons/in_range_neg.cc: Adjust for
	extra error about incomplete type __int_limits<bool>.
	* testsuite/26_numerics/bit/bit.count/countl_one.cc: Include <limits>.
	* testsuite/26_numerics/bit/bit.count/countl_zero.cc: Likewise.
	* testsuite/26_numerics/bit/bit.count/countr_one.cc: Likewise.
	* testsuite/26_numerics/bit/bit.count/countr_zero.cc: Likewise.
	* testsuite/26_numerics/bit/bit.count/popcount.cc: Likewise.
	* testsuite/26_numerics/bit/bit.pow.two/ceil2_neg.cc: Likewise.
	* testsuite/26_numerics/bit/bit.pow.two/ceil2.cc: Likewise.
	* testsuite/26_numerics/bit/bit.pow.two/floor2.cc: Likewise.
	* testsuite/26_numerics/bit/bit.pow.two/ispow2.cc: Likewise.
	* testsuite/26_numerics/bit/bit.pow.two/log2p1.cc: Likewise.
	* testsuite/26_numerics/bit/bit.rotate/rotl.cc: Likewise.
	* testsuite/26_numerics/bit/bit.rotate/rotr.cc: Likewise.