Fix profiler crash on shutdown (dotnet/coreclr#22712)

Fix profiler crash on shutdown (dotnet/coreclr#22712)

Fixes issue dotnet/coreclr#22176. Use the profiler evacuation counters to ensure that we
don't callback into the profiler when it has already been released.
Previously we only did this as part of the attach/detach feature, but this
is required for correctness during standard shutdown given that managed
threads are still running concurrently.

Commit migrated from https://github.com/dotnet/coreclr/commit/671772c20a27c050df3d7d11391ea4f7de05165c