bpf: Check PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY in check_helper_mem_access

bpf: Check PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY in check_helper_mem_access

The commit being fixed was aiming to disallow users from incorrectly
obtaining writable pointer to memory that is only meant to be read. This
is enforced now using a MEM_RDONLY flag.

For instance, in case of global percpu variables, when the BTF type is
not struct (e.g. bpf_prog_active), the verifier marks register type as
PTR_TO_MEM | MEM_RDONLY from bpf_this_cpu_ptr or bpf_per_cpu_ptr
helpers. However, when passing such pointer to kfunc, global funcs, or
BPF helpers, in check_helper_mem_access, there is no expectation
MEM_RDONLY flag will be set, hence it is checked as pointer to writable
memory. Later, verifier sets up argument type of global func as
PTR_TO_MEM | PTR_MAYBE_NULL, so user can use a global func to get around
the limitations imposed by this flag.

This check will also cover global non-percpu variables that may be
introduced in kernel BTF in future.

Also, we update the log message for PTR_TO_BUF case to be similar to
PTR_TO_MEM case, so that the reason for error is clear to user.

Fixes: 34d3a78c681e ("bpf: Make per_cpu_ptr return rdonly PTR_TO_MEM.")
Reviewed-by: Hao Luo <haoluo@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220319080827.73251-3-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>