btrfs-progs: show-super: copy implementation of btrfs_read_sys_array
btrfs-show-super has own implementation to read the sys array and it
lacks all the sanity checks.
Copy and adapt the improved implementation from btrfs_read_sys_array.
This will fix crashes on a fuzzed/corrupted images. It's duplicating
code but at the moment looks easier than refactoring and restructuring
btrfs_read_sys_array that now almost matches the kernel code, which we
want in the long term.
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>