[libc++] [P0966] [C++20] Fix bug PR45368 by correctly implementing P0966: string...

[libc++] [P0966] [C++20] Fix bug PR45368 by correctly implementing P0966: string::reserve should not shrink.

This patch fixes the implementation as well as the tests that didn't actually test the wanted behaviour.
You'll find all the details in the bug report.
It adds as well deprecation warning for reserve() (without argument) and adds a test.

http://wg21.link/P0966R1
https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=45368
https://reviews.llvm.org/D54992

Reviewed By: ldionne, #libc

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D91778