Reland "[MC][ELF] Work around R_MIPS_LO16 relocation handling problem"

Reland "[MC][ELF] Work around R_MIPS_LO16 relocation handling problem"

This fixes PR49821, and avoids "ld.lld: error: test.o:(.rodata.str1.1):
offset is outside the section" errors when linking MIPS objects with
negative R_MIPS_LO16 implicit addends.

ld.lld handles R_MIPS_HI16/R_MIPS_LO16 separately, not as a whole, so it
doesn't know that an R_MIPS_HI16 with implicit addend 1 and an
R_MIPS_LO16 with implicit addend -32768 represents 32768, which is in
range of a MergeInputSection. We could introduce a new RelExpr member
(like R_RISCV_PC_INDIRECT for R_RISCV_PCREL_HI20 / R_RISCV_PCREL_LO12)
but the complexity is unnecessary given that GNU as keeps the original
symbol for this case as well.

Adds a new test case for PR49821, and also updates two other test cases
that are affected by this change.

Reviewed By: atanasyan, MaskRay

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D101773