tests: Fix FAIL in sanity-test (*timeout*) when Yama LSM enabled

tests: Fix FAIL in sanity-test (*timeout*) when Yama LSM enabled

This fixes a regression in the testsuite since c3653f7f, where four of
the timeout tests fail with "Timeouts suppressed" messages.

The timeouts are being suppressed because the testsuite is erroneously
detecting that a debugger is attached.  This detection mechanism
(adopted from libinput) uses ptrace to test if there is a debugger
parent process that can be attached.  Unfortunately, this is an
unreliable test: Kernel security policies exist to restrict the scope of
ptrace to prevent processes from snooping on one another.[1] This
security policy is set as the default on Ubuntu, and potentially other
Linux distributions.[2]

The Yama documentation suggests, "For software that has defined
application-specific relationships between a debugging process and its
inferior (crash handlers, etc), prctl(PR_SET_PTRACER, pid, ...) can be
used.  An inferior can declare which other process (and its descendents)
are allowed to call PTRACE_ATTACH against it."  This prctl call has no
effect if Yama LSM is not loaded.

The child needs to be synchronized to the client to prevent a race
condition where the child might try to operate before the parent has
finished its prctl call.  This synchronization is done via pipes.

This patch can be tested by running sanity-test with
/proc/sys/kernel/yama/ptrace_scope set to 0 or 1; the test must pass for
either value.

1: http://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=2d514487faf188938a4ee4fb3464eeecfbdcf8eb
2: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/SecurityTeam/Roadmap/KernelHardening#ptrace_Protection

Signed-off-by: Bryce Harrington <bryce@osg.samsung.com>
Reviewed-by: Marek Chalupa <mchqwerty@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Stone <daniels@collabora.com>
Reviewed-by: Derek Foreman <derekf@osg.samsung.com>
v4: Allow parent to communicate error state to child to prevent leaving
child in zombie state if parent hits an error.

v5: Check errno instead of rc for error.  Don't waitpid on ppid.
Signed-off-by: Bryce Harrington <bryce@osg.samsung.com>