ci/debian: don't use libclc from the system

ci/debian: don't use libclc from the system

Debian (unlike Ubuntu) has a broken libclc package missing files we
would very much like to have in our image, so that intel_clc doesn't
fail. Namely :

   /usr/lib/clc/spirv-mesa3d-.spv
   /usr/lib/clc/spirv64-mesa3d-.spv

Dropping libclc from the distribution and build int the build & base
test image.

Signed-off-by: Lionel Landwerlin <lionel.g.landwerlin@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: David Heidelberg <david.heidelberg@collabora.com>
Part-of: <https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/mesa/mesa/-/merge_requests/18788>