mesa: Fix tiny race condition in _mesa_debug_get_id

mesa: Fix tiny race condition in _mesa_debug_get_id

Two threads enter and see *id == 0.  Both threads update the value.
Upon returning, one of the threads might see the overwritten value some
of the time and the updated value other times.  Use cmpxchg to ensure
that there's only ever one value written to *id.

Reviewed-by: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Part-of: <https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/mesa/mesa/-/merge_requests/12136>