c++: constrained CTAD for nested class template [PR97679]

c++: constrained CTAD for nested class template [PR97679]

In the testcase below, we're crashing during constraint checking of the
implicitly generated deduction guides for the nested class template A::B
because we never substitute the outer template arguments (for A) into
the constraint, neither ahead of time nor as part of satisfaction.

Ideally we'd like to avoid substituting into a constraint ahead of
time, but the "flattening" vector 'tsubst_args' is constructed under the
assumption that all outer template arguments are already substituted in,
and eliminating this assumption to yield a flattening vector that
includes outer (generic) template arguments suitable for substituting
into the constraint would be tricky and error-prone.  So this patch
takes the approximate approach of substituting the outer arguments into
the constraint ahead of time, so that the subsequent substitution of
'tsubst_args' is coherent and so later satisfaction just works.

gcc/cp/ChangeLog:

	PR c++/97679
	* pt.c (build_deduction_guide): Document OUTER_ARGS.  Substitute
	them into the propagated constraints.

gcc/testsuite/ChangeLog:

	PR c++/97679
	* g++.dg/cpp2a/concepts-ctad3.C: New test.