X-Git-Url: http://review.tizen.org/git/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=gst%2Fgstcaps.c;h=9e6408d574ea34d19b1557bd9575d4de197b992e;hb=0c6f5b3e4c3dc55e684bca1e3fc9a2a9b74407b9;hp=ee1806b5bdf428db94ac46d55926fd84fbc42350;hpb=db6ee700f2bb2793221f07cedaf36761014c465d;p=platform%2Fupstream%2Fgstreamer.git

diff --git a/gst/gstcaps.c b/gst/gstcaps.c
index ee1806b..9e6408d 100644
--- a/gst/gstcaps.c
+++ b/gst/gstcaps.c
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 
 /**
  * SECTION:gstcaps
+ * @title: GstCaps
  * @short_description: Structure describing sets of media formats
  * @see_also: #GstStructure, #GstMiniObject
  *
@@ -34,20 +35,15 @@
  * handle or produce at runtime.
  *
  * A #GstCaps can be constructed with the following code fragment:
- *
- * <example>
- *  <title>Creating caps</title>
- *  <programlisting>
- *  GstCaps *caps;
- *  caps = gst_caps_new_simple ("video/x-raw",
- *       "format", G_TYPE_STRING, "I420",
- *       "framerate", GST_TYPE_FRACTION, 25, 1,
- *       "pixel-aspect-ratio", GST_TYPE_FRACTION, 1, 1,
- *       "width", G_TYPE_INT, 320,
- *       "height", G_TYPE_INT, 240,
- *       NULL);
- *  </programlisting>
- * </example>
+ * |[<!-- language="C" -->
+ *   GstCaps *caps = gst_caps_new_simple ("video/x-raw",
+ *      "format", G_TYPE_STRING, "I420",
+ *      "framerate", GST_TYPE_FRACTION, 25, 1,
+ *      "pixel-aspect-ratio", GST_TYPE_FRACTION, 1, 1,
+ *      "width", G_TYPE_INT, 320,
+ *      "height", G_TYPE_INT, 240,
+ *      NULL);
+ * ]|
  *
  * A #GstCaps is fixed when it has no properties with ranges or lists. Use
  * gst_caps_is_fixed() to test for fixed caps. Fixed caps can be used in a
@@ -56,7 +52,11 @@
  * Various methods exist to work with the media types such as subtracting
  * or intersecting.
  *
- * Last reviewed on 2011-03-28 (0.11.3)
+ * Be aware that the current #GstCaps / #GstStructure serialization into string
+ * has limited support for nested #GstCaps / #GstStructure fields. It can only
+ * support one level of nesting. Using more levels will lead to unexpected
+ * behavior when using serialization features, such as gst_caps_to_string() or
+ * gst_value_serialize() and their counterparts.
  */
 
 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ typedef struct _GstCapsImpl
 
 /* same as gst_caps_is_any () */
 #define CAPS_IS_ANY(caps)				\
-  (GST_CAPS_FLAGS(caps) & GST_CAPS_FLAG_ANY)
+  (!!(GST_CAPS_FLAGS(caps) & GST_CAPS_FLAG_ANY))
 
 /* same as gst_caps_is_empty () */
 #define CAPS_IS_EMPTY(caps)				\
@@ -102,14 +102,16 @@ typedef struct _GstCapsImpl
 #define CAPS_IS_EMPTY_SIMPLE(caps)					\
   ((GST_CAPS_ARRAY (caps) == NULL) || (GST_CAPS_LEN (caps) == 0))
 
-#define gst_caps_features_copy_conditional(f) ((f && !gst_caps_features_is_equal (f, GST_CAPS_FEATURES_MEMORY_SYSTEM_MEMORY)) ? gst_caps_features_copy (f) : NULL)
+#define gst_caps_features_copy_conditional(f) ((f && (gst_caps_features_is_any (f) || !gst_caps_features_is_equal (f, GST_CAPS_FEATURES_MEMORY_SYSTEM_MEMORY))) ? gst_caps_features_copy (f) : NULL)
 
 /* quick way to get a caps structure at an index without doing a type or array
  * length check */
 #define gst_caps_get_structure_unchecked(caps, index) \
      (g_array_index (GST_CAPS_ARRAY (caps), GstCapsArrayElement, (index)).structure)
+#define gst_caps_get_features_storage_unchecked(caps, index) \
+     (&g_array_index (GST_CAPS_ARRAY (caps), GstCapsArrayElement, (index)).features)
 #define gst_caps_get_features_unchecked(caps, index) \
-     (g_array_index (GST_CAPS_ARRAY (caps), GstCapsArrayElement, (index)).features)
+     (g_atomic_pointer_get (gst_caps_get_features_storage_unchecked (caps, index)))
 /* quick way to append a structure without checking the args */
 #define gst_caps_append_structure_unchecked(caps, s, f) G_STMT_START{\
   GstCapsArrayElement __e={s, f};                                      \
@@ -144,6 +146,21 @@ _priv_gst_caps_initialize (void)
       G_TYPE_STRING, gst_caps_transform_to_string);
 }
 
+void
+_priv_gst_caps_cleanup (void)
+{
+  gst_caps_unref (_gst_caps_any);
+  _gst_caps_any = NULL;
+  gst_caps_unref (_gst_caps_none);
+  _gst_caps_none = NULL;
+}
+
+GstCapsFeatures *
+__gst_caps_get_features_unchecked (const GstCaps * caps, guint idx)
+{
+  return gst_caps_get_features_unchecked (caps, idx);
+}
+
 static GstCaps *
 _gst_caps_copy (const GstCaps * caps)
 {
@@ -158,8 +175,7 @@ _gst_caps_copy (const GstCaps * caps)
   GST_CAPS_FLAGS (newcaps) = GST_CAPS_FLAGS (caps);
   n = GST_CAPS_LEN (caps);
 
-  GST_CAT_DEBUG_OBJECT (GST_CAT_PERFORMANCE, caps, "doing copy %p -> %p",
-      caps, newcaps);
+  GST_CAT_DEBUG (GST_CAT_PERFORMANCE, "doing copy %p -> %p", caps, newcaps);
 
   for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
     structure = gst_caps_get_structure_unchecked (caps, i);
@@ -199,6 +215,11 @@ _gst_caps_free (GstCaps * caps)
 #ifdef DEBUG_REFCOUNT
   GST_CAT_TRACE (GST_CAT_CAPS, "freeing caps %p", caps);
 #endif
+
+#ifdef USE_POISONING
+  memset (caps, 0xff, sizeof (GstCapsImpl));
+#endif
+
   g_slice_free1 (sizeof (GstCapsImpl), caps);
 }
 
@@ -326,7 +347,7 @@ gst_caps_new_simple (const char *media_type, const char *fieldname, ...)
  * @...: additional structures to add
  *
  * Creates a new #GstCaps and adds all the structures listed as
- * arguments.  The list must be NULL-terminated.  The structures
+ * arguments.  The list must be %NULL-terminated.  The structures
  * are not copied; the returned #GstCaps owns the structures.
  *
  * Returns: (transfer full): the new #GstCaps
@@ -350,7 +371,7 @@ gst_caps_new_full (GstStructure * struct1, ...)
  * @var_args: additional structures to add
  *
  * Creates a new #GstCaps and adds all the structures listed as
- * arguments.  The list must be NULL-terminated.  The structures
+ * arguments.  The list must be %NULL-terminated.  The structures
  * are not copied; the returned #GstCaps owns the structures.
  *
  * Returns: (transfer full): the new #GstCaps
@@ -378,9 +399,10 @@ G_DEFINE_POINTER_TYPE (GstStaticCaps, gst_static_caps);
  *
  * Converts a #GstStaticCaps to a #GstCaps.
  *
- * Returns: (transfer full): a pointer to the #GstCaps. Unref after usage.
- *     Since the core holds an additional ref to the returned caps,
- *     use gst_caps_make_writable() on the returned caps to modify it.
+ * Returns: (transfer full) (nullable): a pointer to the #GstCaps. Unref
+ *     after usage. Since the core holds an additional ref to the
+ *     returned caps, use gst_caps_make_writable() on the returned caps
+ *     to modify it.
  */
 GstCaps *
 gst_static_caps_get (GstStaticCaps * static_caps)
@@ -408,8 +430,13 @@ gst_static_caps_get (GstStaticCaps * static_caps)
     *caps = gst_caps_from_string (string);
 
     /* convert to string */
-    if (G_UNLIKELY (*caps == NULL))
+    if (G_UNLIKELY (*caps == NULL)) {
       g_critical ("Could not convert static caps \"%s\"", string);
+      goto done;
+    }
+
+    /* Caps generated from static caps are usually leaked */
+    GST_MINI_OBJECT_FLAG_SET (*caps, GST_MINI_OBJECT_FLAG_MAY_BE_LEAKED);
 
     GST_CAT_TRACE (GST_CAT_CAPS, "created %p from string %s", static_caps,
         string);
@@ -483,8 +510,6 @@ gst_caps_remove_and_get_structure (GstCaps * caps, guint idx)
   return s;
 }
 
-
-
 /**
  * gst_caps_steal_structure:
  * @caps: the #GstCaps to retrieve from
@@ -493,8 +518,8 @@ gst_caps_remove_and_get_structure (GstCaps * caps, guint idx)
  * Retrieves the structure with the given index from the list of structures
  * contained in @caps. The caller becomes the owner of the returned structure.
  *
- * Returns: (transfer full): a pointer to the #GstStructure corresponding
- *     to @index.
+ * Returns: (transfer full) (nullable): a pointer to the #GstStructure
+ *     corresponding to @index.
  */
 GstStructure *
 gst_caps_steal_structure (GstCaps * caps, guint index)
@@ -624,6 +649,8 @@ gst_caps_append_structure (GstCaps * caps, GstStructure * structure)
  *
  * Appends @structure with @features to @caps.  The structure is not copied; @caps
  * becomes the owner of @structure.
+ *
+ * Since: 1.2
  */
 void
 gst_caps_append_structure_full (GstCaps * caps, GstStructure * structure,
@@ -642,7 +669,7 @@ gst_caps_append_structure_full (GstCaps * caps, GstStructure * structure,
  * @caps: the #GstCaps to remove from
  * @idx: Index of the structure to remove
  *
- * removes the stucture with the given index from the list of structures
+ * removes the structure with the given index from the list of structures
  * contained in @caps.
  */
 void
@@ -714,6 +741,8 @@ gst_caps_merge_structure (GstCaps * caps, GstStructure * structure)
  * Appends @structure with @features to @caps if its not already expressed by @caps.
  *
  * Returns: (transfer full): the merged caps.
+ *
+ * Since: 1.2
  */
 GstCaps *
 gst_caps_merge_structure_full (GstCaps * caps, GstStructure * structure,
@@ -832,8 +861,10 @@ gst_caps_get_structure (const GstCaps * caps, guint index)
  * You do not need to free or unref the structure returned, it
  * belongs to the #GstCaps.
  *
- * Returns: (transfer none): a pointer to the #GstCapsFeatures corresponding
- *     to @index
+ * Returns: (transfer none) (nullable): a pointer to the #GstCapsFeatures
+ *     corresponding to @index
+ *
+ * Since: 1.2
  */
 GstCapsFeatures *
 gst_caps_get_features (const GstCaps * caps, guint index)
@@ -844,8 +875,25 @@ gst_caps_get_features (const GstCaps * caps, guint index)
   g_return_val_if_fail (index < GST_CAPS_LEN (caps), NULL);
 
   features = gst_caps_get_features_unchecked (caps, index);
-  if (!features)
-    features = GST_CAPS_FEATURES_MEMORY_SYSTEM_MEMORY;
+  if (!features) {
+    GstCapsFeatures **storage;
+
+    /* We have to do some atomic pointer magic here as the caps
+     * might not be writable and someone else calls this function
+     * at the very same time */
+    features = gst_caps_features_copy (GST_CAPS_FEATURES_MEMORY_SYSTEM_MEMORY);
+    gst_caps_features_set_parent_refcount (features, &GST_CAPS_REFCOUNT (caps));
+
+    storage = gst_caps_get_features_storage_unchecked (caps, index);
+    if (!g_atomic_pointer_compare_and_exchange (storage, NULL, features)) {
+      /* Someone did the same we just tried in the meantime */
+      gst_caps_features_set_parent_refcount (features, NULL);
+      gst_caps_features_free (features);
+
+      features = gst_caps_get_features_unchecked (caps, index);
+      g_assert (features != NULL);
+    }
+  }
 
   return features;
 }
@@ -854,9 +902,11 @@ gst_caps_get_features (const GstCaps * caps, guint index)
  * gst_caps_set_features:
  * @caps: a #GstCaps
  * @index: the index of the structure
- * @features: (allow-none) (transfer full): the #GstFeatures to set
+ * @features: (allow-none) (transfer full): the #GstCapsFeatures to set
  *
  * Sets the #GstCapsFeatures @features for the structure at @index.
+ *
+ * Since: 1.2
  */
 void
 gst_caps_set_features (GstCaps * caps, guint index, GstCapsFeatures * features)
@@ -867,15 +917,51 @@ gst_caps_set_features (GstCaps * caps, guint index, GstCapsFeatures * features)
   g_return_if_fail (index <= gst_caps_get_size (caps));
   g_return_if_fail (IS_WRITABLE (caps));
 
-  storage = &gst_caps_get_features_unchecked (caps, index);
-  old = *storage;
-  *storage = features;
+  storage = gst_caps_get_features_storage_unchecked (caps, index);
+  /* Not much problem here as caps are writable */
+  old = g_atomic_pointer_get (storage);
+  g_atomic_pointer_set (storage, features);
 
   if (features)
     gst_caps_features_set_parent_refcount (features, &GST_CAPS_REFCOUNT (caps));
 
-  if (old)
+  if (old) {
+    gst_caps_features_set_parent_refcount (old, NULL);
     gst_caps_features_free (old);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * gst_caps_set_features_simple:
+ * @caps: a #GstCaps
+ * @features: (allow-none) (transfer full): the #GstCapsFeatures to set
+ *
+ * Sets the #GstCapsFeatures @features for all the structures of @caps.
+ *
+ * Since: 1.16
+ */
+void
+gst_caps_set_features_simple (GstCaps * caps, GstCapsFeatures * features)
+{
+  guint i;
+  guint n;
+
+  g_return_if_fail (caps != NULL);
+  g_return_if_fail (IS_WRITABLE (caps));
+
+  n = gst_caps_get_size (caps);
+
+  for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+    GstCapsFeatures *f;
+
+    /* Transfer ownership of @features to the last structure */
+    if (features && i < n - 1)
+      f = gst_caps_features_copy (features);
+    else
+      f = features;
+
+    gst_caps_set_features (caps, i, f);
+  }
 }
 
 /**
@@ -887,6 +973,8 @@ gst_caps_set_features (GstCaps * caps, guint index, GstCapsFeatures * features)
  * contained in @caps.
  *
  * Returns: (transfer full): the new #GstCaps
+ *
+ * Since: 1.16
  */
 GstCaps *
 gst_caps_copy_nth (const GstCaps * caps, guint nth)
@@ -918,6 +1006,10 @@ gst_caps_copy_nth (const GstCaps * caps, guint nth)
  * Discard all but the first structure from @caps. Useful when
  * fixating.
  *
+ * This function takes ownership of @caps and will call gst_caps_make_writable()
+ * on it if necessary, so you must not use @caps afterwards unless you keep an
+ * additional reference to it with gst_caps_ref().
+ *
  * Returns: (transfer full): truncated caps
  */
 GstCaps *
@@ -972,7 +1064,7 @@ gst_caps_set_value (GstCaps * caps, const char *field, const GValue * value)
  * @varargs: additional parameters
  *
  * Sets fields in a #GstCaps.  The arguments must be passed in the same
- * manner as gst_structure_set(), and be NULL-terminated.
+ * manner as gst_structure_set(), and be %NULL-terminated.
  */
 void
 gst_caps_set_simple_valist (GstCaps * caps, const char *field, va_list varargs)
@@ -991,6 +1083,7 @@ gst_caps_set_simple_valist (GstCaps * caps, const char *field, va_list varargs)
     G_VALUE_COLLECT_INIT (&value, type, varargs, 0, &err);
     if (G_UNLIKELY (err)) {
       g_critical ("%s", err);
+      g_free (err);
       return;
     }
 
@@ -1009,7 +1102,7 @@ gst_caps_set_simple_valist (GstCaps * caps, const char *field, va_list varargs)
  * @...: additional parameters
  *
  * Sets fields in a #GstCaps.  The arguments must be passed in the same
- * manner as gst_structure_set(), and be NULL-terminated.
+ * manner as gst_structure_set(), and be %NULL-terminated.
  */
 void
 gst_caps_set_simple (GstCaps * caps, const char *field, ...)
@@ -1032,7 +1125,7 @@ gst_caps_set_simple (GstCaps * caps, const char *field, ...)
  *
  * Determines if @caps represents any media format.
  *
- * Returns: TRUE if @caps represents any format.
+ * Returns: %TRUE if @caps represents any format.
  */
 gboolean
 gst_caps_is_any (const GstCaps * caps)
@@ -1048,7 +1141,7 @@ gst_caps_is_any (const GstCaps * caps)
  *
  * Determines if @caps represents no media formats.
  *
- * Returns: TRUE if @caps represents no formats.
+ * Returns: %TRUE if @caps represents no formats.
  */
 gboolean
 gst_caps_is_empty (const GstCaps * caps)
@@ -1076,7 +1169,7 @@ gst_caps_is_fixed_foreach (GQuark field_id, const GValue * value,
  * one structure, and each field in the structure describes a fixed type.
  * Examples of non-fixed types are GST_TYPE_INT_RANGE and GST_TYPE_LIST.
  *
- * Returns: TRUE if @caps is fixed
+ * Returns: %TRUE if @caps is fixed
  */
 gboolean
 gst_caps_is_fixed (const GstCaps * caps)
@@ -1089,7 +1182,7 @@ gst_caps_is_fixed (const GstCaps * caps)
   if (GST_CAPS_LEN (caps) != 1)
     return FALSE;
 
-  features = gst_caps_get_features (caps, 0);
+  features = gst_caps_get_features_unchecked (caps, 0);
   if (features && gst_caps_features_is_any (features))
     return FALSE;
 
@@ -1106,7 +1199,7 @@ gst_caps_is_fixed (const GstCaps * caps)
  * Tests if two #GstCaps are equal.  This function only works on fixed
  * #GstCaps.
  *
- * Returns: TRUE if the arguments represent the same format
+ * Returns: %TRUE if the arguments represent the same format
  */
 gboolean
 gst_caps_is_equal_fixed (const GstCaps * caps1, const GstCaps * caps2)
@@ -1139,7 +1232,7 @@ gst_caps_is_equal_fixed (const GstCaps * caps1, const GstCaps * caps2)
  * every media format that is in the first is also contained in the
  * second.  That is, @caps1 is a subset of @caps2.
  *
- * Returns: TRUE if @caps1 is a subset of @caps2.
+ * Returns: %TRUE if @caps1 is a subset of @caps2.
  */
 gboolean
 gst_caps_is_always_compatible (const GstCaps * caps1, const GstCaps * caps2)
@@ -1250,6 +1343,8 @@ gst_caps_is_subset_structure (const GstCaps * caps,
  * for more information.
  *
  * Returns: %TRUE if @structure is a subset of @caps
+ *
+ * Since: 1.2
  */
 gboolean
 gst_caps_is_subset_structure_full (const GstCaps * caps,
@@ -1293,7 +1388,7 @@ gst_caps_is_subset_structure_full (const GstCaps * caps,
  *
  * Checks if the given caps represent the same set of caps.
  *
- * Returns: TRUE if both caps are equal.
+ * Returns: %TRUE if both caps are equal.
  */
 gboolean
 gst_caps_is_equal (const GstCaps * caps1, const GstCaps * caps2)
@@ -1317,7 +1412,7 @@ gst_caps_is_equal (const GstCaps * caps1, const GstCaps * caps2)
  *
  * Checks if the given caps are exactly the same set of caps.
  *
- * Returns: TRUE if both caps are strictly equal.
+ * Returns: %TRUE if both caps are strictly equal.
  */
 gboolean
 gst_caps_is_strictly_equal (const GstCaps * caps1, const GstCaps * caps2)
@@ -1411,7 +1506,7 @@ gst_caps_can_intersect (const GstCaps * caps1, const GstCaps * caps2)
   len1 = GST_CAPS_LEN (caps1);
   len2 = GST_CAPS_LEN (caps2);
   for (i = 0; i < len1 + len2 - 1; i++) {
-    /* superset index goes from 0 to sgst_caps_structure_intersectuperset->structs->len-1 */
+    /* superset index goes from 0 to superset->structs->len-1 */
     j = MIN (i, len1 - 1);
     /* subset index stays 0 until i reaches superset->structs->len, then it
      * counts up from 1 to subset->structs->len - 1 */
@@ -1539,7 +1634,7 @@ gst_caps_intersect_zig_zag (GstCaps * caps1, GstCaps * caps2)
  * Unlike @gst_caps_intersect, the returned caps will be ordered in a similar
  * fashion as @caps1.
  *
- * Returns: the new #GstCaps
+ * Returns: (transfer full): the new #GstCaps
  */
 static GstCaps *
 gst_caps_intersect_first (GstCaps * caps1, GstCaps * caps2)
@@ -1610,7 +1705,7 @@ gst_caps_intersect_first (GstCaps * caps1, GstCaps * caps2)
  * to both @caps1 and @caps2, the order is defined by the #GstCapsIntersectMode
  * used.
  *
- * Returns: the new #GstCaps
+ * Returns: (transfer full): the new #GstCaps
  */
 GstCaps *
 gst_caps_intersect_full (GstCaps * caps1, GstCaps * caps2,
@@ -1638,7 +1733,7 @@ gst_caps_intersect_full (GstCaps * caps1, GstCaps * caps2,
  * Creates a new #GstCaps that contains all the formats that are common
  * to both @caps1 and @caps2. Defaults to %GST_CAPS_INTERSECT_ZIG_ZAG mode.
  *
- * Returns: the new #GstCaps
+ * Returns: (transfer full): the new #GstCaps
  */
 GstCaps *
 gst_caps_intersect (GstCaps * caps1, GstCaps * caps2)
@@ -1715,10 +1810,10 @@ gst_caps_structure_subtract (GSList ** into, const GstStructure * minuend,
  * @subtrahend: #GstCaps to subtract
  *
  * Subtracts the @subtrahend from the @minuend.
- * <note>This function does not work reliably if optional properties for caps
- * are included on one caps and omitted on the other.</note>
+ * > This function does not work reliably if optional properties for caps
+ * > are included on one caps and omitted on the other.
  *
- * Returns: the resulting caps
+ * Returns: (transfer full): the resulting caps
  */
 GstCaps *
 gst_caps_subtract (GstCaps * minuend, GstCaps * subtrahend)
@@ -1851,7 +1946,9 @@ gst_caps_normalize_foreach (GQuark field_id, const GValue * value, gpointer ptr)
  * @caps, but contains no lists.  Each list is expanded into separate
  * @GstStructures.
  *
- * This function takes ownership of @caps.
+ * This function takes ownership of @caps and will call gst_caps_make_writable()
+ * on it so you must not use @caps afterwards unless you keep an additional
+ * reference to it with gst_caps_ref().
  *
  * Returns: (transfer full): the normalized #GstCaps
  */
@@ -2008,9 +2105,13 @@ gst_caps_switch_structures (GstCaps * caps, GstStructure * old,
  * identical are merged.  Component structures that have values that can be
  * merged are also merged.
  *
+ * This function takes ownership of @caps and will call gst_caps_make_writable()
+ * on it if necessary, so you must not use @caps afterwards unless you keep an
+ * additional reference to it with gst_caps_ref().
+ *
  * This method does not preserve the original order of @caps.
  *
- * Returns: The simplified caps.
+ * Returns: (transfer full): The simplified caps.
  */
 GstCaps *
 gst_caps_simplify (GstCaps * caps)
@@ -2078,6 +2179,10 @@ gst_caps_simplify (GstCaps * caps)
  * values. First the caps will be truncated and then the first structure will be
  * fixated with gst_structure_fixate().
  *
+ * This function takes ownership of @caps and will call gst_caps_make_writable()
+ * on it so you must not use @caps afterwards unless you keep an additional
+ * reference to it with gst_caps_ref().
+ *
  * Returns: (transfer full): the fixated caps
  */
 GstCaps *
@@ -2095,7 +2200,7 @@ gst_caps_fixate (GstCaps * caps)
   gst_structure_fixate (s);
 
   /* Set features to sysmem if they're still ANY */
-  f = gst_caps_get_features (caps, 0);
+  f = gst_caps_get_features_unchecked (caps, 0);
   if (f && gst_caps_features_is_any (f)) {
     f = gst_caps_features_new_empty ();
     gst_caps_set_features (caps, 0, f);
@@ -2114,11 +2219,14 @@ gst_caps_fixate (GstCaps * caps)
  * can be converted back to a #GstCaps by gst_caps_from_string().
  *
  * For debugging purposes its easier to do something like this:
- * |[
+ * |[<!-- language="C" -->
  * GST_LOG ("caps are %" GST_PTR_FORMAT, caps);
  * ]|
  * This prints the caps in human readable form.
  *
+ * The current implementation of serialization will lead to unexpected results
+ * when there are nested #GstCaps / #GstStructure deeper than one level.
+ *
  * Returns: (transfer full): a newly allocated string representing @caps.
  */
 gchar *
@@ -2171,9 +2279,9 @@ gst_caps_to_string (const GstCaps * caps)
     features = gst_caps_get_features_unchecked (caps, i);
 
     g_string_append (s, gst_structure_get_name (structure));
-    if (features
-        && !gst_caps_features_is_equal (features,
-            GST_CAPS_FEATURES_MEMORY_SYSTEM_MEMORY)) {
+    if (features && (gst_caps_features_is_any (features)
+            || !gst_caps_features_is_equal (features,
+                GST_CAPS_FEATURES_MEMORY_SYSTEM_MEMORY))) {
       g_string_append_c (s, '(');
       priv_gst_caps_features_append_to_gstring (features, s);
       g_string_append_c (s, ')');
@@ -2267,12 +2375,15 @@ gst_caps_from_string_inplace (GstCaps * caps, const gchar * string)
 
     if (!priv_gst_structure_parse_fields (s, &s, structure)) {
       gst_structure_free (structure);
+      if (features)
+        gst_caps_features_free (features);
       g_free (copy);
       return FALSE;
     }
 
   append:
     gst_caps_append_structure_unchecked (caps, structure, features);
+    features = NULL;
     if (*s == '\0')
       break;
   } while (TRUE);
@@ -2288,7 +2399,10 @@ gst_caps_from_string_inplace (GstCaps * caps, const gchar * string)
  *
  * Converts @caps from a string representation.
  *
- * Returns: (transfer full): a newly allocated #GstCaps
+ * The current implementation of serialization will lead to unexpected results
+ * when there are nested #GstCaps / #GstStructure deeper than one level.
+ *
+ * Returns: (transfer full) (nullable): a newly allocated #GstCaps
  */
 GstCaps *
 gst_caps_from_string (const gchar * string)
@@ -2318,3 +2432,171 @@ gst_caps_transform_to_string (const GValue * src_value, GValue * dest_value)
   g_value_take_string (dest_value,
       gst_caps_to_string (gst_value_get_caps (src_value)));
 }
+
+/**
+ * gst_caps_foreach:
+ * @caps: a #GstCaps
+ * @func: (scope call): a function to call for each field
+ * @user_data: (closure): private data
+ *
+ * Calls the provided function once for each structure and caps feature in the
+ * #GstCaps. The function must not modify the fields.
+ * Also see gst_caps_map_in_place() and gst_caps_filter_and_map_in_place().
+ *
+ * Returns: %TRUE if the supplied function returns %TRUE for each call,
+ * %FALSE otherwise.
+ *
+ * Since: 1.6
+ */
+gboolean
+gst_caps_foreach (const GstCaps * caps, GstCapsForeachFunc func,
+    gpointer user_data)
+{
+  guint i, n;
+  GstCapsFeatures *features;
+  GstStructure *structure;
+  gboolean ret;
+
+  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_IS_CAPS (caps), FALSE);
+  g_return_val_if_fail (func != NULL, FALSE);
+
+  n = GST_CAPS_LEN (caps);
+
+  for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+    features = gst_caps_get_features_unchecked (caps, i);
+    structure = gst_caps_get_structure_unchecked (caps, i);
+
+    ret = func (features, structure, user_data);
+    if (G_UNLIKELY (!ret))
+      return FALSE;
+  }
+
+  return TRUE;
+}
+
+/**
+ * gst_caps_map_in_place:
+ * @caps: a #GstCaps
+ * @func: (scope call): a function to call for each field
+ * @user_data: (closure): private data
+ *
+ * Calls the provided function once for each structure and caps feature in the
+ * #GstCaps. In contrast to gst_caps_foreach(), the function may modify but not
+ * delete the structures and features. The caps must be mutable.
+ *
+ * Returns: %TRUE if the supplied function returns %TRUE for each call,
+ * %FALSE otherwise.
+ *
+ * Since: 1.6
+ */
+gboolean
+gst_caps_map_in_place (GstCaps * caps, GstCapsMapFunc func, gpointer user_data)
+{
+  guint i, n;
+  GstCapsFeatures *features;
+  GstStructure *structure;
+  gboolean ret;
+
+  g_return_val_if_fail (GST_IS_CAPS (caps), FALSE);
+  g_return_val_if_fail (gst_caps_is_writable (caps), FALSE);
+  g_return_val_if_fail (func != NULL, FALSE);
+
+  n = GST_CAPS_LEN (caps);
+
+  for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+    features = gst_caps_get_features_unchecked (caps, i);
+    structure = gst_caps_get_structure_unchecked (caps, i);
+
+    /* Provide sysmem features if there are none yet */
+    if (!features) {
+      features =
+          gst_caps_features_copy (GST_CAPS_FEATURES_MEMORY_SYSTEM_MEMORY);
+      gst_caps_set_features (caps, i, features);
+    }
+
+    ret = func (features, structure, user_data);
+    if (G_UNLIKELY (!ret))
+      return FALSE;
+  }
+
+  return TRUE;
+}
+
+/**
+ * gst_caps_filter_and_map_in_place:
+ * @caps: a #GstCaps
+ * @func: (scope call): a function to call for each field
+ * @user_data: (closure): private data
+ *
+ * Calls the provided function once for each structure and caps feature in the
+ * #GstCaps. In contrast to gst_caps_foreach(), the function may modify the
+ * structure and features. In contrast to gst_caps_filter_and_map_in_place(),
+ * the structure and features are removed from the caps if %FALSE is returned
+ * from the function.
+ * The caps must be mutable.
+ *
+ * Since: 1.6
+ */
+void
+gst_caps_filter_and_map_in_place (GstCaps * caps, GstCapsFilterMapFunc func,
+    gpointer user_data)
+{
+  guint i, n;
+  GstCapsFeatures *features;
+  GstStructure *structure;
+  gboolean ret;
+
+  g_return_if_fail (GST_IS_CAPS (caps));
+  g_return_if_fail (gst_caps_is_writable (caps));
+  g_return_if_fail (func != NULL);
+
+  n = GST_CAPS_LEN (caps);
+
+  for (i = 0; i < n;) {
+    features = gst_caps_get_features_unchecked (caps, i);
+    structure = gst_caps_get_structure_unchecked (caps, i);
+
+    /* Provide sysmem features if there are none yet */
+    if (!features) {
+      features =
+          gst_caps_features_copy (GST_CAPS_FEATURES_MEMORY_SYSTEM_MEMORY);
+      gst_caps_set_features (caps, i, features);
+    }
+
+    ret = func (features, structure, user_data);
+    if (!ret) {
+      GST_CAPS_ARRAY (caps) = g_array_remove_index (GST_CAPS_ARRAY (caps), i);
+
+      gst_structure_set_parent_refcount (structure, NULL);
+      gst_structure_free (structure);
+      if (features) {
+        gst_caps_features_set_parent_refcount (features, NULL);
+        gst_caps_features_free (features);
+      }
+
+      n = GST_CAPS_LEN (caps);
+    } else {
+      i++;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * gst_caps_copy:
+ * @caps: a #GstCaps.
+ *
+ * Creates a new #GstCaps as a copy of the old @caps. The new caps will have a
+ * refcount of 1, owned by the caller. The structures are copied as well.
+ *
+ * Note that this function is the semantic equivalent of a gst_caps_ref()
+ * followed by a gst_caps_make_writable(). If you only want to hold on to a
+ * reference to the data, you should use gst_caps_ref().
+ *
+ * When you are finished with the caps, call gst_caps_unref() on it.
+ *
+ * Returns: the new #GstCaps
+ */
+GstCaps *(gst_caps_copy) (const GstCaps * caps)
+{
+  return GST_CAPS (gst_mini_object_copy (GST_MINI_OBJECT_CAST (caps)));
+}