X-Git-Url: http://review.tizen.org/git/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=README.win32;h=6e2d9daaa69db3c9d10266ba066af885c1346866;hb=2a53b4d0e2c98a14aedf31e38f0ad1fb2e8fe26f;hp=36b9b51092aee929726b6d21d0545690b9506e86;hpb=4d7172def0a985ced97f197cee7973f304a5cc51;p=platform%2Fupstream%2Fglib.git diff --git a/README.win32 b/README.win32 index 36b9b51..6e2d9da 100644 --- a/README.win32 +++ b/README.win32 @@ -1,145 +1,384 @@ -General -======= - -For more information about the port or GLib, GTk+ and the GIMP to -native Windows, and pre-built binary packages, see -http://www.iki.fi/tml/gimp/win32/ . "Native" means that we use the -Win32 API only, and not any POSIX emulation layer except that provided -by the Microsoft runtime C library. Additionally, a pthreads emulation -library is used. - -To build GLib on Win32, you can use either the Microsoft compiler and -tools, or gcc. Both the compiler from MSVC 5.0 and from MSVC 6.0 have -been used successfully. With gcc I mean the gcc-2.95 pre-release as -distributed by Mumit Khan, running under cygwin-b20.1. To successfully -use gcc, follow the instructions below. We want to use gcc --mno-cygwin, i.e. produce executables (.exe and .dll files) that do -*not* require the cygwin runtime library. This is sometimes called -"mingw32". - -To test the GLib functions, go to the tests subdirectory and enter -`nmake -f makefile.msc check` or `make -f makefile.cygwin check`. - -If you would want to use the cygwin tools to generate executables that -*do* use the cygwin runtime, the normal Unix configuration method -should work as if on Unix. But it won't produce DLLs. At least I -haven't succeeded in that. - -With a little work, it might be possible to use the ./configure -mechanism also with a "mingw32" configuration. - -The following preprocessor macros are defined in glibconfig.h and used -for conditional compilation related to Win32: - -- WIN32 is defined when compiling for the Win32 platform, regardless - if using the X11 or Win32 windowing API (in the case of GLib, this - dimension isn't significant), regardless whether using a more or - less complete POSIX emulation runtime layer (like Cygwin) or not. - -- NATIVE_WIN32 is defined when compiling for Win32, *and* without - any POSIX emulation, other that to the extent provided by the - bundled Microsoft C library (msvcrt.dll) and the pthreads-win32 - library. For instance, pathnames are in the native Windows syntax. - -The Win32 port uses the combination with both of those on. As these -are in glibconfig.h, they are available to all source files that use -GLib (or GTk+, which uses GLib). - -Additionally, there are the compiler-specific macros: -- _MSC_VER is defined when using the Microsoft compiler -- __GNUC__ is defined when using GCC - -Some of the usage of these macros used to be a bit mixed up, and had -to be straightened out when adding the gcc support. In particular, I -used to check for _MSC_VER in some places where I really wanted to -check for the Microsoft C library, and those checks has now been -changed to NATIVE_WIN32. NATIVE_WIN32 ought to be renamed to -USE_MSVCRT. - -Pthreads library -================ - -Before building you must get the pthreads library for Win32 from -http://sourceware.cygnus.com/pthreads-win32/. The pthreads-win32 -snapshot from 1999-05-30 is the one that should be used. Edit the -location of the pthreads library and include files in makefile.msc or -makefile.cygwin. The pthreads distribution includes the precompiled dll -and import libraries both for MSVC and gcc. - -The pthreads for Win32 package that the thread support uses supposedly -isn't quite ready yet, and thus threads stuff should not be relied -upon for anything serious. - -Where are the makefiles? -======================== - -If you are building from a CVS snapshot, you will not have any -makefile.msc or makefile.cygwin file. You should copy the -corresponding makefile.msc.in or makefile.cygwin.in file to that name, -and edit the line that sets GLIB_VER to the correct version number. - -This is done automatically when an official distribution package is -built. - -Building with MSVC -================== - -If using the Microsoft toolchain, build with `nmake -f -makefile.msc`. Install with `nmake -f makefile.msc install`. - -Building with gcc -================= - -The gcc support was added quite recently, but seems to work. Debugging -with gdb works. I use the latest and greatest gcc and mingw32. -Somewhat earlier versions will also work, but you are on your own. - -Fetch the gcc-2.95 developer snapshot from -ftp://ftp.xraylith.wisc.edu/pub/khan/gnu-win32/cygwin/snapshots/gcc-2.95-19990715/. -Install it somewhere, for instance \gcc-2.95. - -Fetch the mingw runtime snapshot from 1999-07-15 from -ftp://ftp.xraylith.wisc.edu/pub/khan/gnu-win32/mingw32/runtime/. You -must fix two bugs in it: - -1) Fix the prototype and call to __getmainargs() in init.c to include -one more parameter, an int *, which should be passed the address of a -zero int. Code snippets below: - -... -#ifdef __MSVCRT__ -extern void __getmainargs(int *, char***, char***, int, int *); -#else -... -#ifdef __MSVCRT__ - int newmode = 0; - (void) __getmainargs(&_argc, &_argv, &dummy_environ, _CRT_glob, &newmode); -#else -... - -2) Fix the type of the function __p___argv() in stdlib.h to be char***, -not char**. - -Build the mingw32 runtime and install the libraries in the -gcc-2.95\H-i586-cygwin32\lib directory, and the headers in the -gcc-2.95\H-i586-cygwin32\i586-cygwin32\include\mingw32 directory. -Remember to build and install also the w32api import libraries and -headers. - -I prefer to use the msvcrt runtime and not the default -crtdll. Especially, as the pthread library also uses msvcrt, using -crtdll would probably not be a good idea at all. Using msvcrt can be -achieved by applying a few changes to the specs file. - -The specs file is in gcc-2.95\H-i586-cygwin32\lib\gcc-lib\i586-cygwin32\2.95 - -The necessary changes are: replace -lcrtdll with -lmsvcrt, replace -crt1 with crt2, change -lmoldname to -lmoldname-msvc, and define -__MSVCRT__. - -Next, go back to the GLib directory and build using `make -f -makefile.cygwin`. Building the dlls uses the script build-dll which -is somewhat of a hack. But I couldn't get things working in a cleaner -way. - ---Tor Lillqvist +Tor Lillqvist +Hans Breuer + +Note that this document is not really maintained in a serious +fashion. Lots of information here might be misleading or outdated. You +have been warned. + +The general parts, and the section about gcc and autoconfiscated +build, and about a Visual Studio build are by Tor Lillqvist. The +sections about MSVC build with NMAKE is by Hans Breuer. + +General +======= + +For prebuilt binaries (DLLs and EXEs) and developer packages (headers, +import libraries) of GLib, Pango, GTK+ etc for Windows, go to +http://www.gtk.org/download-windows.html . They are for "native" +Windows meaning they use the Win32 API and Microsoft C runtime library +only. No POSIX (Unix) emulation layer like Cygwin in involved. + +To build GLib on Win32, you can use either gcc ("mingw") or the +Microsoft compiler and tools. For the latter, MSVC6 and later have +been used successfully. Also the Digital Mars C/C++ compiler has +reportedly been used. + +You can also cross-compile GLib for Windows from Linux using the +cross-compiling mingw packages for your distro. + +Note that to just *use* GLib on Windows, there is no need to build it +yourself. + +On Windows setting up a correct build environment can be quite a task, +especially if you are used to just type "./configure; make" on Linux, +and expect things to work as smoothly on Windows. + +The following preprocessor macros are to be used for conditional +compilation related to Win32 in GLib-using code: + +- G_OS_WIN32 is defined when compiling for native Win32, without + any POSIX emulation, other than to the extent provided by the + bundled Microsoft C library (msvcr*.dll). + +- G_WITH_CYGWIN is defined if compiling for the Cygwin + environment. Note that G_OS_WIN32 is *not* defined in that case, as + Cygwin is supposed to behave like Unix. G_OS_UNIX *is* defined by a GLib + for Cygwin. + +- G_PLATFORM_WIN32 is defined when either G_OS_WIN32 or G_WITH_CYGWIN + is defined. + +These macros are defined in glibconfig.h, and are thus available in +all source files that include . + +Additionally, there are the compiler-specific macros: +- __GNUC__ is defined when using gcc +- _MSC_VER is defined when using the Microsoft compiler +- __DMC__ is defined when using the Digital Mars C/C++ compiler + +G_OS_WIN32 implies using the Microsoft C runtime, normally +msvcrt.dll. GLib is not known to work with the older crtdll.dll +runtime, or the static Microsoft C runtime libraries libc.lib and +libcmt.lib. It apparently does work with the debugging version of +msvcrt.dll, msvcrtd.dll. If compiled with Microsoft compilers newer +than MSVC6, it also works with their compiler-specific runtimes, like +msvcr70.dll or msvcr80.dll. Please note that it's non totally clear if +you would be allowed by the license to distrubute a GLib linked to +msvcr70.dll or msvcr80.dll, as those are not part of the operating +system, but of the MSVC product. msvcrt.dll is part of Windows. + +For people using Visual Studio 2005 or later: + +If you are building GLib-based libraries or applications, or GLib itself +and you see a C4819 error (or warning, before C4819 is treated as an error +in msvc_recommended_pragmas.h), please be advised that this error/warning should +not be disregarded, as this likely means portions of the build is not being +done correctly, as this is an issue of Visual Studio running on CJK (East Asian) +locales. This is an issue that also affects builds of other projects, such as +QT, Firefox, LibreOffice/OpenOffice, Pango and GTK+, along with many other projects. + +To overcome this problem, please set your system's locale setting for non-Unicode to +English (United States), reboot, and restart the build, and the code should build +normally. See also this GNOME Wiki page [1] that gives a bit further info on this. + +Building software that use GLib or GTK+ +======================================= + +Building software that just *uses* GLib or GTK+ also require to have +the right compiler set up the right way. If you intend to use gcc, +follow the relevant instructions below in that case, too. + +Tor uses gcc with the -mms-bitfields flag which means that in order to +use the prebuilt DLLs (especially of GTK+), if you compile your code +with gcc, you *must* also use that flag. This flag means that the +struct layout rules are identical to those used by MSVC. This is +essential if the same DLLs are to be usable both from gcc- and +MSVC-compiled code. Such compatibility is desirable. + +When using the prebuilt GLib DLLs that use msvcrt.dll from code that +uses other C runtimes like for example msvcr70.dll, one should note +that one cannot use such GLib API that take or returns file +descriptors. On Windows, a file descriptor (the small integer as +returned by open() and handled by related functions, and included in +the FILE struct) is an index into a table local to the C runtime +DLL. A file descriptor in one C runtime DLL does not have the same +meaning in another C runtime DLL. + +Building GLib +============= + +Again, first decide whether you really want to do this. + +Before building GLib you must also have a GNU gettext-runtime +developer package. Get prebuilt binaries of gettext-runtime from +http://www.gtk.org/download-windows.html . + +Autoconfiscated build (with gcc) +================================ + +Tor uses gcc 3.4.5 and the rest of the mingw utilities, including MSYS +from www.mingw.org. Somewhat earlier or later versions of gcc +presumably also work fine. + +Using Cygwin's gcc with the -mno-cygwin switch is not recommended. In +theory it should work, but Tor hasn't tested that lately. It can +easily lead to confusing situations where one mixes headers for Cygwin +from /usr/include with the headers for native software one really +should use. Ditto for libraries. + +If you want to use mingw's gcc, install gcc, win32api, binutils and +MSYS from www.mingw.org. + +Tor invokes configure using: + +CC='gcc -mtune=pentium3 -mthreads' CPPFLAGS='-I/opt/gnu/include' \ + LDFLAGS='-L/opt/gnu/lib -Wl,--enable-auto-image-base' CFLAGS=-O2 \ + ./configure --disable-gtk-doc --prefix=$TARGET + +The /opt/gnu mentioned contains the header files for GNU and (import) +libraries for GNU libintl. The build scripts used to produce the +prebuilt binaries are included in the "dev" packages. + +Please note that the ./configure mechanism should not blindly be used +to build a GLib to be distributed to other developers because it +produces a compiler-dependent glibconfig.h. For instance, the typedef +for gint64 is long long with gcc, but __int64 with MSVC. + +Except for this and a few other minor issues, there shouldn't be any +reason to distribute separate GLib headers and DLLs for gcc and MSVC6 +users, as the compilers generate code that uses the same C runtime +library. + +The DLL generated by either compiler is binary compatible with the +other one. Thus one either has to manually edit glibconfig.h +afterwards, or use the supplied glibconfig.h.win32 which has been +produced by running configure twice, once using gcc and once using +MSVC, and merging the resulting files with diff -D. + +For MSVC7 and later (Visual C++ .NET 2003, Visual C++ 2005, Visual C++ +2008 etc) it is preferred to use specific builds of GLib DLLs that use +the same C runtime as the code that uses GLib. Such DLLs should be +named differently than the ones that use msvcrt.dll. + +For GLib, the DLL that uses msvcrt.dll is called libglib-2.0-0.dll, +and the import libraries libglib-2.0.dll.a and glib-2.0.lib. Note that +the "2.0" is part of the "basename" of the library, it is not +something that libtool has added. The -0 suffix is added by libtool +and is the value of "LT_CURRENT - LT_AGE". The 0 should *not* be +thought to be part of the version number of GLib. The LT_CURRENT - +LT_AGE value will on purpose be kept as zero as long as binary +compatibility is maintained. For the gory details, see configure.ac +and libtool documentation. + +Building with Visual Studio +=========================== + +A more detailed outline of building GLib with its dependencies can +now be found on the GNOME wiki: + +https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/GTK%2B/Win32/MSVCCompilationOfGTKStack + +Please do not build GLib in paths that contain spaces in them, as +this may cause problems during compilation and during usage of the +library. + +In an unpacked tarball, you will find in build\win32\vs9 (VS 2008) and +build\win32\vs10 (VS 2010) a solution file that can be used to build +the GLib DLLs and some auxiliary programs under VS 2008 and VS 2010 +(Express Edition will suffice with the needed dependencies) respectively. +Read the README.txt file in those folders for more +information. Note that you will need a libintl implementation, zlib, and +libFFI. + +If you are building from a GIT checkout, you will first need to use some +Unix-like environment or run build/win32/setup.py, +which will expand the VS 2008/2010 project files, the DLL resouce files and +other miscellanious files required for the build. Run build/win32/setup.py +as follows: + +$python build/win32/setup.py --perl path_to_your_perl.exe + +for more usage on this script, run +$python build/win32/setup.py -h/--help + +Building with MSVC and NMAKE +============================ + +If you are building from a GIT snapshot, you will not have all +makefile.msc files. You should copy the corresponding makefile.msc.in +file to that name, and replace any @...@ strings with the correct +value (or use the python script de-in.py from http://hans.breuer.org/gtk/de-in.py). + +This is done automatically when an official GLib source distribution +package is built, so if you get GLib from a source distribution +package, there should be makefile.msc files ready to use (possibly after some +editing). + +The hand-written makefile.msc files, and the stuff in the "build" +subdirectory, produce DLLs and import libraries that match what the +so-called autoconfiscated build produces. + +All the MSVC makefiles are for the command line build with nmake. If +you want to use the VC-UI you can simply create wrapper .dsp makefiles +(read the VC docs how to do so). + +Some modules may require Perl to auto-generate files. The goal (at +least Hans's) is to not require any more tools. Of course you need +the Microsoft Platform SDK in a recent enough - but not too recent - version. +The last PSDK for Visual Studio 6 is: + http://www.microsoft.com/msdownload/platformsdk/sdkupdate/psdk-full.htm +At least install the Core SDK, maybe also the "Tablet PC SDK". + + +Build with: + +nmake -f makefile.msc + or +nmake -f makefile.msc DEBUG=1 + +[ + The former will create 'release' versions of the DLLs. If you + plan to distribute you DLLs please use this command. The latter + will create DLLs with debug information _and_ link them with + msvcrtd.dll instead of msvcrt.dll. + Beware: There are known problems with mixing DLLs in one + application, which are build against different runtimes. + Especially the index-to-file mapping used by 'unix-style' file + operation - _open() _pipe() etc. - breaks sometimes in strange + ways (for example the Gimp plug-in communication). +] + +Required libraries (not build from svn) +------------------ + libintl (gnu-intl), + +are available pre-built from the website mentioned above. + +Versioning +---------- +Instead of the Unix and auto* way of tracking versions and resolving +dependencies (configure; make; make install) involving autoconf, +automake, libtool and friends the MSVC build uses a different +approach. + +The core of it's versioning is the file build/win32/module.defs. +It contains entries of the form MODULE_VER, e.g.: + + GLIB_VER = 2.0 + LIBICONV_VER = 1.3 + +and the placement of these modules defined as MODULE, e.g.: + + GLIB = $(TOP)/glib + LIBICONV = $(TOP)/libiconv-$(LIBICONV_VER) + +whereas TOP is defined as the relative path from the respective +module directory to your top build directory. Every makefile.msc +needs to define TOP before including the common make file part +make.msc, which than includes module.defs, like: + +TOP = ../.. +!INCLUDE $(TOP)/glib/build/win32/make.msc + +(Taken from gtk+/gdk/makefile.msc) + +With this provision it is possible to create almost placement +independent makefiles without requiring to 'install' the libraries and +headers into a common place (as it is done on Unix, and as Tor does +when producing his zipfiles with prebuilt GLib, GTK+ etc). + +Special Files +------------- + config.h.win32.in : @XXX_MAJOR_VERSION@ needs to be replaced by +the current version/build number. The resulting file is to be saved +as 'config.h.win32'. This should be automatically done if a package +gets build on the Unix platform. + + makefile.msc.in : @XXX_MAJOR_VERSION@ to be replaced. Save as +makefile.msc. + + .def : every function which should be used from the outside of +a dll needs to be marked for 'export'. It is common that one needs to change +these files after some api changes occured. If there are variables to be +exported another mechanism is needed, like : + + #ifdef G_OS_WIN32 + # ifdef GDK_COMPILATION + # define GDKVAR __declspec(dllexport) + # else + # define GDKVAR extern __declspec(dllimport) + # endif + #else + # define GDKVAR extern + #endif + + + +Directory Structure +------------------- +all modules should be build in a common directory tree otherwise you +need to adapt the file 'module.defs'. They are listed here in increasing +dependencies order. + + + | + +- glib + | | + | +- build : [this module lives in the SVN root dir] + | | +- win32 + | | .\module.defs : defines (relative) locations of the headers + | | and libs and version numbers to be include + | | in dll names + | | .\make.msc : include by almost every 'makefile.msc' + | | + | | .\README.WIN32 : more information how to build + | | .\glibconfig.h.win32.in : similar to config.h.win32.in + | | .\makefile.msc : master makefile, sub dir makefiles should work + | | + | +- glib + | +- gmodule + | +- gthread : does _not_ depend on pthread anymore + | +- gobject + | + +- pango + | +- pango : 'native' build does not require extra libs and + | | includes the minimal required text renderer + | | (there is also a currently slightly broken FreeType2 + | | based implementation for win32) + | +- modules (not yet build) + | + +- atk + | +- atk + | .\makefile.msc : build here + | + +- gtk+ + | | .\config.h.win32 : for all the below + | | + | +- gdk-pixbuf + | | .\gdk_pixbuf.rc.in : version resource for the DLLs. Needs + | | to be converted (filled with version info) + | | as described above. + | | + | +- gdk + | | | .\makefile.msc : some auto-generation is needed to build in the + | | | in the subdirectory + | | +- win32 + | | + | +- gtk + + | + +- gimp + | .\makefile.msc : master makefile to build The Gimp. The makefiles + | from the sub dirs should work stand alone, but than + | the user needs to know the build order + + | + +- dia : additionally depends on libart_lgpl (in SVN) + | and libxml2 ( see http://www.xmlsoft.org/ ) + +- lib + +- app + +- objects + +- plug-ins + +- python + +[1]: https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/GTK%2B/Win32/MSVCCompilationOfGTKStack under "Preparations"