Bump to version 1.22.1
[platform/upstream/busybox.git] / networking / httpd.c
index b31b736..621d9cd 100644 (file)
@@ -5,44 +5,47 @@
  * Copyright (C) 2002,2003 Glenn Engel <glenne@engel.org>
  * Copyright (C) 2003-2006 Vladimir Oleynik <dzo@simtreas.ru>
  *
- * simplify patch stolen from libbb without using strdup
- *
- * Licensed under GPLv2 or later, see file LICENSE in this tarball for details.
+ * Licensed under GPLv2 or later, see file LICENSE in this source tree.
  *
  *****************************************************************************
  *
  * Typical usage:
- *   for non root user
- * httpd -p 8080 -h $HOME/public_html
- *   or for daemon start from rc script with uid=0:
- * httpd -u www
- * This is equivalent if www user have uid=80 to
- * httpd -p 80 -u 80 -h /www -c /etc/httpd.conf -r "Web Server Authentication"
- *
+ * For non root user:
+ *      httpd -p 8080 -h $HOME/public_html
+ * For daemon start from rc script with uid=0:
+ *      httpd -u www
+ * which is equivalent to (assuming user www has uid 80):
+ *      httpd -p 80 -u 80 -h $PWD -c /etc/httpd.conf -r "Web Server Authentication"
  *
- * When a url starts by "/cgi-bin/" it is assumed to be a cgi script.  The
- * server changes directory to the location of the script and executes it
+ * When an url starts with "/cgi-bin/" it is assumed to be a cgi script.
+ * The server changes directory to the location of the script and executes it
  * after setting QUERY_STRING and other environment variables.
  *
+ * If directory URL is given, no index.html is found and CGI support is enabled,
+ * cgi-bin/index.cgi will be run. Directory to list is ../$QUERY_STRING.
+ * See httpd_indexcgi.c for an example GCI code.
+ *
  * Doc:
  * "CGI Environment Variables": http://hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu/cgi/env.html
  *
- * The server can also be invoked as a url arg decoder and html text encoder
+ * The applet can also be invoked as an url arg decoder and html text encoder
  * as follows:
- *  foo=`httpd -d $foo`           # decode "Hello%20World" as "Hello World"
- *  bar=`httpd -e "<Hello World>"`  # encode as "&#60Hello&#32World&#62"
+ *      foo=`httpd -d $foo`             # decode "Hello%20World" as "Hello World"
+ *      bar=`httpd -e "<Hello World>"`  # encode as "&#60Hello&#32World&#62"
  * Note that url encoding for arguments is not the same as html encoding for
- * presentation.  -d decodes a url-encoded argument while -e encodes in html
+ * presentation.  -d decodes an url-encoded argument while -e encodes in html
  * for page display.
  *
  * httpd.conf has the following format:
  *
+ * H:/serverroot     # define the server root. It will override -h
  * A:172.20.         # Allow address from 172.20.0.0/16
  * A:10.0.0.0/25     # Allow any address from 10.0.0.0-10.0.0.127
  * A:10.0.0.0/255.255.255.128  # Allow any address that previous set
  * A:127.0.0.1       # Allow local loopback connections
  * D:*               # Deny from other IP connections
  * E404:/path/e404.html # /path/e404.html is the 404 (not found) error page
+ * I:index.html      # Show index.html when a directory is requested
  *
  * P:/url:[http://]hostname[:port]/new/path
  *                   # When /urlXXXXXX is requested, reverse proxy
  * /cgi-bin:foo:bar  # Require user foo, pwd bar on urls starting with /cgi-bin/
  * /adm:admin:setup  # Require user admin, pwd setup on urls starting with /adm/
  * /adm:toor:PaSsWd  # or user toor, pwd PaSsWd on urls starting with /adm/
+ * /adm:root:*       # or user root, pwd from /etc/passwd on urls starting with /adm/
+ * /wiki:*:*         # or any user from /etc/passwd with according pwd on urls starting with /wiki/
  * .au:audio/basic   # additional mime type for audio.au files
- * *.php:/path/php   # running cgi.php scripts through an interpreter
- *
- * A/D may be as a/d or allow/deny - first char case insensitive
- * Deny IP rules take precedence over allow rules.
- *
+ * *.php:/path/php   # run xxx.php through an interpreter
  *
- * The Deny/Allow IP logic:
- *
- *  - Default is to allow all.  No addresses are denied unless
- *         denied with a D: rule.
- *  - Order of Deny/Allow rules is significant
+ * A/D may be as a/d or allow/deny - only first char matters.
+ * Deny/Allow IP logic:
+ *  - Default is to allow all (Allow all (A:*) is a no-op).
  *  - Deny rules take precedence over allow rules.
- *  - If a deny all rule (D:*) is used it acts as a catch-all for unmatched
- *       addresses.
- *  - Specification of Allow all (A:*) is a no-op
+ *  - "Deny all" rule (D:*) is applied last.
  *
  * Example:
  *   1. Allow only specified addresses
@@ -80,7 +77,7 @@
  *     D:2.3.4.        # deny from 2.3.4.0 - 2.3.4.255
  *     A:*             # (optional line added for clarity)
  *
- * If a sub directory contains a config file it is parsed and merged with
+ * If a sub directory contains config file, it is parsed and merged with
  * any existing settings as if it was appended to the original configuration.
  *
  * subdir paths are relative to the containing subdir and thus cannot
  * server exits with an error.
  *
  */
+ /* TODO: use TCP_CORK, parse_config() */
+
+//usage:#define httpd_trivial_usage
+//usage:       "[-ifv[v]]"
+//usage:       " [-c CONFFILE]"
+//usage:       " [-p [IP:]PORT]"
+//usage:       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_SETUID(" [-u USER[:GRP]]")
+//usage:       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH(" [-r REALM]")
+//usage:       " [-h HOME]\n"
+//usage:       "or httpd -d/-e" IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_AUTH_MD5("/-m") " STRING"
+//usage:#define httpd_full_usage "\n\n"
+//usage:       "Listen for incoming HTTP requests\n"
+//usage:     "\n       -i              Inetd mode"
+//usage:     "\n       -f              Don't daemonize"
+//usage:     "\n       -v[v]           Verbose"
+//usage:     "\n       -p [IP:]PORT    Bind to IP:PORT (default *:80)"
+//usage:       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_SETUID(
+//usage:     "\n       -u USER[:GRP]   Set uid/gid after binding to port")
+//usage:       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH(
+//usage:     "\n       -r REALM        Authentication Realm for Basic Authentication")
+//usage:     "\n       -h HOME         Home directory (default .)"
+//usage:     "\n       -c FILE         Configuration file (default {/etc,HOME}/httpd.conf)"
+//usage:       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_AUTH_MD5(
+//usage:     "\n       -m STRING       MD5 crypt STRING")
+//usage:     "\n       -e STRING       HTML encode STRING"
+//usage:     "\n       -d STRING       URL decode STRING"
 
 #include "libbb.h"
+#if ENABLE_PAM
+/* PAM may include <locale.h>. We may need to undefine bbox's stub define: */
+# undef setlocale
+/* For some obscure reason, PAM is not in pam/xxx, but in security/xxx.
+ * Apparently they like to confuse people. */
+# include <security/pam_appl.h>
+# include <security/pam_misc.h>
+#endif
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_USE_SENDFILE
-#include <sys/sendfile.h>
+# include <sys/sendfile.h>
 #endif
-
-//#define DEBUG 1
-#define DEBUG 0
-
-#define IOBUF_SIZE 8192    /* IO buffer */
-
 /* amount of buffering in a pipe */
 #ifndef PIPE_BUF
 # define PIPE_BUF 4096
 #endif
+
+#define DEBUG 0
+
+#define IOBUF_SIZE 8192
 #if PIPE_BUF >= IOBUF_SIZE
 # error "PIPE_BUF >= IOBUF_SIZE"
 #endif
 
 #define HEADER_READ_TIMEOUT 60
 
-static const char default_path_httpd_conf[] ALIGN1 = "/etc";
-static const char httpd_conf[] ALIGN1 = "httpd.conf";
+static const char DEFAULT_PATH_HTTPD_CONF[] ALIGN1 = "/etc";
+static const char HTTPD_CONF[] ALIGN1 = "httpd.conf";
 static const char HTTP_200[] ALIGN1 = "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n";
+static const char index_html[] ALIGN1 = "index.html";
 
 typedef struct has_next_ptr {
        struct has_next_ptr *next;
@@ -176,7 +206,6 @@ enum {
        HTTP_PAYMENT_REQUIRED = 402,
        HTTP_BAD_GATEWAY = 502,
        HTTP_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE = 503, /* overload, maintenance */
-       HTTP_RESPONSE_SETSIZE = 0xffffffff
 #endif
 };
 
@@ -237,28 +266,31 @@ static const struct {
 #endif
 };
 
-
 struct globals {
        int verbose;            /* must be int (used by getopt32) */
        smallint flg_deny_all;
 
-       unsigned rmt_ip;        /* used for IP-based allow/deny rules */
+       unsigned rmt_ip;        /* used for IP-based allow/deny rules */
        time_t last_mod;
        char *rmt_ip_str;       /* for $REMOTE_ADDR and $REMOTE_PORT */
        const char *bind_addr_or_port;
 
        const char *g_query;
-       const char *configFile;
+       const char *opt_c_configFile;
        const char *home_httpd;
+       const char *index_page;
 
        const char *found_mime_type;
        const char *found_moved_temporarily;
        Htaccess_IP *ip_a_d;    /* config allow/deny lines */
 
-       USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH(const char *g_realm;)
-       USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH(char *remoteuser;)
-       USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CGI(char *referer;)
-       USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CGI(char *user_agent;)
+       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH(const char *g_realm;)
+       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH(char *remoteuser;)
+       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_CGI(char *referer;)
+       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_CGI(char *user_agent;)
+       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_CGI(char *host;)
+       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_CGI(char *http_accept;)
+       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_CGI(char *http_accept_language;)
 
        off_t file_size;        /* -1 - unknown */
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_RANGES
@@ -270,13 +302,11 @@ struct globals {
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH
        Htaccess *g_auth;       /* config user:password lines */
 #endif
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CONFIG_WITH_MIME_TYPES
        Htaccess *mime_a;       /* config mime types */
-#endif
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CONFIG_WITH_SCRIPT_INTERPR
        Htaccess *script_i;     /* config script interpreters */
 #endif
-       char *iobuf;            /* [IOBUF_SIZE] */
+       char *iobuf;            /* [IOBUF_SIZE] */
 #define hdr_buf bb_common_bufsiz1
        char *hdr_ptr;
        int hdr_cnt;
@@ -286,6 +316,10 @@ struct globals {
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_PROXY
        Htaccess_Proxy *proxy;
 #endif
+#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_GZIP
+       /* client can handle gzip / we are going to send gzip */
+       smallint content_gzip;
+#endif
 };
 #define G (*ptr_to_globals)
 #define verbose           (G.verbose          )
@@ -293,8 +327,9 @@ struct globals {
 #define rmt_ip            (G.rmt_ip           )
 #define bind_addr_or_port (G.bind_addr_or_port)
 #define g_query           (G.g_query          )
-#define configFile        (G.configFile       )
+#define opt_c_configFile  (G.opt_c_configFile )
 #define home_httpd        (G.home_httpd       )
+#define index_page        (G.index_page       )
 #define found_mime_type   (G.found_mime_type  )
 #define found_moved_temporarily (G.found_moved_temporarily)
 #define last_mod          (G.last_mod         )
@@ -303,11 +338,20 @@ struct globals {
 #define remoteuser        (G.remoteuser       )
 #define referer           (G.referer          )
 #define user_agent        (G.user_agent       )
+#define host              (G.host             )
+#define http_accept       (G.http_accept      )
+#define http_accept_language (G.http_accept_language)
 #define file_size         (G.file_size        )
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_RANGES
 #define range_start       (G.range_start      )
 #define range_end         (G.range_end        )
 #define range_len         (G.range_len        )
+#else
+enum {
+       range_start = -1,
+       range_end = MAXINT(off_t) - 1,
+       range_len = MAXINT(off_t),
+};
 #endif
 #define rmt_ip_str        (G.rmt_ip_str       )
 #define g_auth            (G.g_auth           )
@@ -318,26 +362,30 @@ struct globals {
 #define hdr_cnt           (G.hdr_cnt          )
 #define http_error_page   (G.http_error_page  )
 #define proxy             (G.proxy            )
+#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_GZIP
+# define content_gzip     (G.content_gzip     )
+#else
+# define content_gzip     0
+#endif
 #define INIT_G() do { \
-       PTR_TO_GLOBALS = xzalloc(sizeof(G)); \
-       USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH(g_realm = "Web Server Authentication";) \
+       SET_PTR_TO_GLOBALS(xzalloc(sizeof(G))); \
+       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH(g_realm = "Web Server Authentication";) \
+       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_RANGES(range_start = -1;) \
        bind_addr_or_port = "80"; \
+       index_page = index_html; \
        file_size = -1; \
 } while (0)
 
-#if !ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_RANGES
-enum {
-       range_start = 0,
-       range_end = MAXINT(off_t) - 1,
-       range_len = MAXINT(off_t),
-};
-#endif
-
 
 #define STRNCASECMP(a, str) strncasecmp((a), (str), sizeof(str)-1)
 
 /* Prototypes */
-static void send_file_and_exit(const char *url, int headers) ATTRIBUTE_NORETURN;
+enum {
+       SEND_HEADERS     = (1 << 0),
+       SEND_BODY        = (1 << 1),
+       SEND_HEADERS_AND_BODY = SEND_HEADERS + SEND_BODY,
+};
+static void send_file_and_exit(const char *url, int what) NORETURN;
 
 static void free_llist(has_next_ptr **pptr)
 {
@@ -350,14 +398,10 @@ static void free_llist(has_next_ptr **pptr)
        *pptr = NULL;
 }
 
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH \
- || ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CONFIG_WITH_MIME_TYPES \
- || ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CONFIG_WITH_SCRIPT_INTERPR
 static ALWAYS_INLINE void free_Htaccess_list(Htaccess **pptr)
 {
        free_llist((has_next_ptr**)pptr);
 }
-#endif
 
 static ALWAYS_INLINE void free_Htaccess_IP_list(Htaccess_IP **pptr)
 {
@@ -452,14 +496,6 @@ static int scan_ip_mask(const char *str, unsigned *ipp, unsigned *maskp)
 /*
  * Parse configuration file into in-memory linked list.
  *
- * The first non-white character is examined to determine if the config line
- * is one of the following:
- *    .ext:mime/type   # new mime type not compiled into httpd
- *    [adAD]:from      # ip address allow/deny, * for wildcard
- *    /path:user:pass  # username/password
- *    Ennn:error.html  # error page for status nnn
- *    P:/url:[http://]hostname[:port]/new/path # reverse proxy
- *
  * Any previous IP rules are discarded.
  * If the flag argument is not SUBDIR_PARSE then all /path and mime rules
  * are also discarded.  That is, previous settings are retained if flag is
@@ -469,142 +505,179 @@ static int scan_ip_mask(const char *str, unsigned *ipp, unsigned *maskp)
  * path   Path where to look for httpd.conf (without filename).
  * flag   Type of the parse request.
  */
-/* flag */
-#define FIRST_PARSE          0
-#define SUBDIR_PARSE         1
-#define SIGNALED_PARSE       2
-#define FIND_FROM_HTTPD_ROOT 3
+/* flag param: */
+enum {
+       FIRST_PARSE    = 0, /* path will be "/etc" */
+       SIGNALED_PARSE = 1, /* path will be "/etc" */
+       SUBDIR_PARSE   = 2, /* path will be derived from URL */
+};
 static void parse_conf(const char *path, int flag)
 {
+       /* internally used extra flag state */
+       enum { TRY_CURDIR_PARSE = 3 };
+
        FILE *f;
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH
-       Htaccess *prev;
-#endif
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH \
- || ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CONFIG_WITH_MIME_TYPES \
- || ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CONFIG_WITH_SCRIPT_INTERPR
-       Htaccess *cur;
-#endif
-       const char *cf = configFile;
+       const char *filename;
        char buf[160];
-       char *p0;
-       char *c, *p;
-       Htaccess_IP *pip;
 
        /* discard old rules */
        free_Htaccess_IP_list(&ip_a_d);
        flg_deny_all = 0;
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH \
- || ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CONFIG_WITH_MIME_TYPES \
- || ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CONFIG_WITH_SCRIPT_INTERPR
        /* retain previous auth and mime config only for subdir parse */
        if (flag != SUBDIR_PARSE) {
+               free_Htaccess_list(&mime_a);
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH
                free_Htaccess_list(&g_auth);
 #endif
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CONFIG_WITH_MIME_TYPES
-               free_Htaccess_list(&mime_a);
-#endif
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CONFIG_WITH_SCRIPT_INTERPR
                free_Htaccess_list(&script_i);
 #endif
        }
-#endif
 
-       if (flag == SUBDIR_PARSE || cf == NULL) {
-               cf = alloca(strlen(path) + sizeof(httpd_conf) + 2);
-               sprintf((char *)cf, "%s/%s", path, httpd_conf);
+       filename = opt_c_configFile;
+       if (flag == SUBDIR_PARSE || filename == NULL) {
+               filename = alloca(strlen(path) + sizeof(HTTPD_CONF) + 2);
+               sprintf((char *)filename, "%s/%s", path, HTTPD_CONF);
        }
 
-       while ((f = fopen(cf, "r")) == NULL) {
-               if (flag == SUBDIR_PARSE || flag == FIND_FROM_HTTPD_ROOT) {
+       while ((f = fopen_for_read(filename)) == NULL) {
+               if (flag >= SUBDIR_PARSE) { /* SUBDIR or TRY_CURDIR */
                        /* config file not found, no changes to config */
                        return;
                }
-               if (configFile && flag == FIRST_PARSE) /* if -c option given */
-                       bb_simple_perror_msg_and_die(cf);
-               flag = FIND_FROM_HTTPD_ROOT;
-               cf = httpd_conf;
+               if (flag == FIRST_PARSE) {
+                       /* -c CONFFILE given, but CONFFILE doesn't exist? */
+                       if (opt_c_configFile)
+                               bb_simple_perror_msg_and_die(opt_c_configFile);
+                       /* else: no -c, thus we looked at /etc/httpd.conf,
+                        * and it's not there. try ./httpd.conf: */
+               }
+               flag = TRY_CURDIR_PARSE;
+               filename = HTTPD_CONF;
        }
 
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH
-       prev = g_auth;
-#endif
-       /* This could stand some work */
-       while ((p0 = fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f)) != NULL) {
-               c = NULL;
-               for (p = p0; *p0 != '\0' && *p0 != '#'; p0++) {
-                       if (!isspace(*p0)) {
-                               *p++ = *p0;
-                               if (*p0 == ':' && c == NULL)
-                                       c = p;
+       /* in "/file:user:pass" lines, we prepend path in subdirs */
+       if (flag != SUBDIR_PARSE)
+               path = "";
+#endif
+       /* The lines can be:
+        *
+        * I:default_index_file
+        * H:http_home
+        * [AD]:IP[/mask]   # allow/deny, * for wildcard
+        * Ennn:error.html  # error page for status nnn
+        * P:/url:[http://]hostname[:port]/new/path # reverse proxy
+        * .ext:mime/type   # mime type
+        * *.php:/path/php  # run xxx.php through an interpreter
+        * /file:user:pass  # username and password
+        */
+       while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f) != NULL) {
+               unsigned strlen_buf;
+               unsigned char ch;
+               char *after_colon;
+
+               { /* remove all whitespace, and # comments */
+                       char *p, *p0;
+
+                       p0 = buf;
+                       /* skip non-whitespace beginning. Often the whole line
+                        * is non-whitespace. We want this case to work fast,
+                        * without needless copying, therefore we don't merge
+                        * this operation into next while loop. */
+                       while ((ch = *p0) != '\0' && ch != '\n' && ch != '#'
+                        && ch != ' ' && ch != '\t'
+                       ) {
+                               p0++;
                        }
+                       p = p0;
+                       /* if we enter this loop, we have some whitespace.
+                        * discard it */
+                       while (ch != '\0' && ch != '\n' && ch != '#') {
+                               if (ch != ' ' && ch != '\t') {
+                                       *p++ = ch;
+                               }
+                               ch = *++p0;
+                       }
+                       *p = '\0';
+                       strlen_buf = p - buf;
+                       if (strlen_buf == 0)
+                               continue; /* empty line */
                }
-               *p = '\0';
 
-               /* test for empty or strange line */
-               if (c == NULL || *c == '\0')
+               after_colon = strchr(buf, ':');
+               /* strange line? */
+               if (after_colon == NULL || *++after_colon == '\0')
+                       goto config_error;
+
+               ch = (buf[0] & ~0x20); /* toupper if it's a letter */
+
+               if (ch == 'I') {
+                       if (index_page != index_html)
+                               free((char*)index_page);
+                       index_page = xstrdup(after_colon);
                        continue;
-               p0 = buf;
-               if (*p0 == 'd')
-                       *p0 = 'D';
-               if (*c == '*') {
-                       if (*p0 == 'D') {
-                               /* memorize deny all */
-                               flg_deny_all = 1;
-                       }
-                       /* skip default other "word:*" config lines */
+               }
+
+               /* do not allow jumping around using H in subdir's configs */
+               if (flag == FIRST_PARSE && ch == 'H') {
+                       home_httpd = xstrdup(after_colon);
+                       xchdir(home_httpd);
                        continue;
                }
 
-               if (*p0 == 'a')
-                       *p0 = 'A';
-               if (*p0 == 'A' || *p0 == 'D') {
-                       /* storing current config IP line */
-                       pip = xzalloc(sizeof(Htaccess_IP));
-                       if (pip) {
-                               if (scan_ip_mask(c, &(pip->ip), &(pip->mask))) {
-                                       /* syntax IP{/mask} error detected, protect all */
-                                       *p0 = 'D';
-                                       pip->mask = 0;
+               if (ch == 'A' || ch == 'D') {
+                       Htaccess_IP *pip;
+
+                       if (*after_colon == '*') {
+                               if (ch == 'D') {
+                                       /* memorize "deny all" */
+                                       flg_deny_all = 1;
                                }
-                               pip->allow_deny = *p0;
-                               if (*p0 == 'D') {
-                                       /* Deny:from_IP move top */
-                                       pip->next = ip_a_d;
+                               /* skip assumed "A:*", it is a default anyway */
+                               continue;
+                       }
+                       /* store "allow/deny IP/mask" line */
+                       pip = xzalloc(sizeof(*pip));
+                       if (scan_ip_mask(after_colon, &pip->ip, &pip->mask)) {
+                               /* IP{/mask} syntax error detected, protect all */
+                               ch = 'D';
+                               pip->mask = 0;
+                       }
+                       pip->allow_deny = ch;
+                       if (ch == 'D') {
+                               /* Deny:from_IP - prepend */
+                               pip->next = ip_a_d;
+                               ip_a_d = pip;
+                       } else {
+                               /* A:from_IP - append (thus all D's precedes A's) */
+                               Htaccess_IP *prev_IP = ip_a_d;
+                               if (prev_IP == NULL) {
                                        ip_a_d = pip;
                                } else {
-                                       /* add to bottom A:form_IP config line */
-                                       Htaccess_IP *prev_IP = ip_a_d;
-
-                                       if (prev_IP == NULL) {
-                                               ip_a_d = pip;
-                                       } else {
-                                               while (prev_IP->next)
-                                                       prev_IP = prev_IP->next;
-                                               prev_IP->next = pip;
-                                       }
+                                       while (prev_IP->next)
+                                               prev_IP = prev_IP->next;
+                                       prev_IP->next = pip;
                                }
                        }
                        continue;
                }
 
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_ERROR_PAGES
-               if (flag == FIRST_PARSE && *p0 == 'E') {
-                       int i;
-                       /* error status code */
-                       int status = atoi(++p0);
-                       /* c already points at the character following ':' in parse loop */
-                       /* c = strchr(p0, ':'); c++; */
+               if (flag == FIRST_PARSE && ch == 'E') {
+                       unsigned i;
+                       int status = atoi(buf + 1); /* error status code */
+
                        if (status < HTTP_CONTINUE) {
-                               bb_error_msg("config error '%s' in '%s'", buf, cf);
-                               continue;
+                               goto config_error;
                        }
-
                        /* then error page; find matching status */
                        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(http_response_type); i++) {
                                if (http_response_type[i] == status) {
-                                       http_error_page[i] = concat_path_file((*c == '/') ? NULL : home_httpd, c);
+                                       /* We chdir to home_httpd, thus no need to
+                                        * concat_path_file(home_httpd, after_colon)
+                                        * here */
+                                       http_error_page[i] = xstrdup(after_colon);
                                        break;
                                }
                        }
@@ -613,31 +686,28 @@ static void parse_conf(const char *path, int flag)
 #endif
 
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_PROXY
-               if (flag == FIRST_PARSE && *p0 == 'P') {
+               if (flag == FIRST_PARSE && ch == 'P') {
                        /* P:/url:[http://]hostname[:port]/new/path */
                        char *url_from, *host_port, *url_to;
                        Htaccess_Proxy *proxy_entry;
 
-                       url_from = c;
-                       host_port = strchr(c, ':');
+                       url_from = after_colon;
+                       host_port = strchr(after_colon, ':');
                        if (host_port == NULL) {
-                               bb_error_msg("config error '%s' in '%s'", buf, cf);
-                               continue;
+                               goto config_error;
                        }
                        *host_port++ = '\0';
                        if (strncmp(host_port, "http://", 7) == 0)
                                host_port += 7;
                        if (*host_port == '\0') {
-                               bb_error_msg("config error '%s' in '%s'", buf, cf);
-                               continue;
+                               goto config_error;
                        }
                        url_to = strchr(host_port, '/');
                        if (url_to == NULL) {
-                               bb_error_msg("config error '%s' in '%s'", buf, cf);
-                               continue;
+                               goto config_error;
                        }
                        *url_to = '\0';
-                       proxy_entry = xzalloc(sizeof(Htaccess_Proxy));
+                       proxy_entry = xzalloc(sizeof(*proxy_entry));
                        proxy_entry->url_from = xstrdup(url_from);
                        proxy_entry->host_port = xstrdup(host_port);
                        *url_to = '/';
@@ -647,110 +717,88 @@ static void parse_conf(const char *path, int flag)
                        continue;
                }
 #endif
+               /* the rest of directives are non-alphabetic,
+                * must avoid using "toupper'ed" ch */
+               ch = buf[0];
 
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH
-               if (*p0 == '/') {
-                       /* make full path from httpd root / current_path / config_line_path */
-                       cf = (flag == SUBDIR_PARSE ? path : "");
-                       p0 = xmalloc(strlen(cf) + (c - buf) + 2 + strlen(c));
-                       c[-1] = '\0';
-                       sprintf(p0, "/%s%s", cf, buf);
-
-                       /* another call bb_simplify_path */
-                       cf = p = p0;
-
-                       do {
-                               if (*p == '/') {
-                                       if (*cf == '/') {    /* skip duplicate (or initial) slash */
-                                               continue;
-                                       }
-                                       if (*cf == '.') {
-                                               if (cf[1] == '/' || cf[1] == '\0') { /* remove extra '.' */
-                                                       continue;
-                                               }
-                                               if ((cf[1] == '.') && (cf[2] == '/' || cf[2] == '\0')) {
-                                                       ++cf;
-                                                       if (p > p0) {
-                                                               while (*--p != '/') /* omit previous dir */;
-                                                       }
-                                                       continue;
-                                               }
-                                       }
-                               }
-                               *++p = *cf;
-                       } while (*++cf);
-
-                       if ((p == p0) || (*p != '/')) {      /* not a trailing slash */
-                               ++p;                             /* so keep last character */
-                       }
-                       *p = ':';
-                       strcpy(p + 1, c);
-               }
+               if (ch == '.' /* ".ext:mime/type" */
+#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CONFIG_WITH_SCRIPT_INTERPR
+                || (ch == '*' && buf[1] == '.') /* "*.php:/path/php" */
 #endif
+               ) {
+                       char *p;
+                       Htaccess *cur;
 
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH \
- || ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CONFIG_WITH_MIME_TYPES \
- || ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CONFIG_WITH_SCRIPT_INTERPR
-               /* storing current config line */
-               cur = xzalloc(sizeof(Htaccess) + strlen(p0));
-               cf = strcpy(cur->before_colon, p0);
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH
-               if (*p0 == '/')
-                       free(p0);
-#endif
-               c = strchr(cf, ':');
-               *c++ = '\0';
-               cur->after_colon = c;
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CONFIG_WITH_MIME_TYPES
-               if (*cf == '.') {
-                       /* config .mime line move top for overwrite previous */
-                       cur->next = mime_a;
-                       mime_a = cur;
-                       continue;
-               }
-#endif
+                       cur = xzalloc(sizeof(*cur) /* includes space for NUL */ + strlen_buf);
+                       strcpy(cur->before_colon, buf);
+                       p = cur->before_colon + (after_colon - buf);
+                       p[-1] = '\0';
+                       cur->after_colon = p;
+                       if (ch == '.') {
+                               /* .mime line: prepend to mime_a list */
+                               cur->next = mime_a;
+                               mime_a = cur;
+                       }
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CONFIG_WITH_SCRIPT_INTERPR
-               if (*cf == '*' && cf[1] == '.') {
-                       /* config script interpreter line move top for overwrite previous */
-                       cur->next = script_i;
-                       script_i = cur;
+                       else {
+                               /* script interpreter line: prepend to script_i list */
+                               cur->next = script_i;
+                               script_i = cur;
+                       }
+#endif
                        continue;
                }
-#endif
+
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH
-               if (prev == NULL) {
-                       /* first line */
-                       g_auth = prev = cur;
-               } else {
-                       /* sort path, if current length eq or bigger then move up */
-                       Htaccess *prev_hti = g_auth;
-                       size_t l = strlen(cf);
-                       Htaccess *hti;
-
-                       for (hti = prev_hti; hti; hti = hti->next) {
-                               if (l >= strlen(hti->before_colon)) {
-                                       /* insert before hti */
-                                       cur->next = hti;
-                                       if (prev_hti != hti) {
-                                               prev_hti->next = cur;
-                                       } else {
-                                               /* insert as top */
-                                               g_auth = cur;
+               if (ch == '/') { /* "/file:user:pass" */
+                       char *p;
+                       Htaccess *cur;
+                       unsigned file_len;
+
+                       /* note: path is "" unless we are in SUBDIR parse,
+                        * otherwise it does NOT start with "/" */
+                       cur = xzalloc(sizeof(*cur) /* includes space for NUL */
+                               + 1 + strlen(path)
+                               + strlen_buf
+                               );
+                       /* form "/path/file" */
+                       sprintf(cur->before_colon, "/%s%.*s",
+                               path,
+                               (int) (after_colon - buf - 1), /* includes "/", but not ":" */
+                               buf);
+                       /* canonicalize it */
+                       p = bb_simplify_abs_path_inplace(cur->before_colon);
+                       file_len = p - cur->before_colon;
+                       /* add "user:pass" after NUL */
+                       strcpy(++p, after_colon);
+                       cur->after_colon = p;
+
+                       /* insert cur into g_auth */
+                       /* g_auth is sorted by decreased filename length */
+                       {
+                               Htaccess *auth, **authp;
+
+                               authp = &g_auth;
+                               while ((auth = *authp) != NULL) {
+                                       if (file_len >= strlen(auth->before_colon)) {
+                                               /* insert cur before auth */
+                                               cur->next = auth;
+                                               break;
                                        }
-                                       break;
+                                       authp = &auth->next;
                                }
-                               if (prev_hti != hti)
-                                       prev_hti = prev_hti->next;
-                       }
-                       if (!hti) {       /* not inserted, add to bottom */
-                               prev->next = cur;
-                               prev = cur;
+                               *authp = cur;
                        }
+                       continue;
                }
 #endif /* BASIC_AUTH */
-#endif /* BASIC_AUTH || MIME_TYPES || SCRIPT_INTERPR */
-        } /* while (fgets) */
-        fclose(f);
+
+               /* the line is not recognized */
+ config_error:
+               bb_error_msg("config error '%s' in '%s'", buf, filename);
+       } /* while (fgets) */
+
+       fclose(f);
 }
 
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_ENCODE_URL_STR
@@ -771,7 +819,7 @@ static char *encodeString(const char *string)
        char *p = out;
        char ch;
 
-       while ((ch = *string++)) {
+       while ((ch = *string++) != '\0') {
                /* very simple check for what to encode */
                if (isalnum(ch))
                        *p++ = ch;
@@ -781,79 +829,7 @@ static char *encodeString(const char *string)
        *p = '\0';
        return out;
 }
-#endif          /* FEATURE_HTTPD_ENCODE_URL_STR */
-
-/*
- * Given a URL encoded string, convert it to plain ascii.
- * Since decoding always makes strings smaller, the decode is done in-place.
- * Thus, callers should strdup() the argument if they do not want the
- * argument modified.  The return is the original pointer, allowing this
- * function to be easily used as arguments to other functions.
- *
- * string    The first string to decode.
- * option_d  1 if called for httpd -d
- *
- * Returns a pointer to the decoded string (same as input).
- */
-static unsigned hex_to_bin(unsigned char c)
-{
-       unsigned v;
-
-       v = c - '0';
-       if (v <= 9)
-               return v;
-       /* c | 0x20: letters to lower case, non-letters
-        * to (potentially different) non-letters */
-       v = (unsigned)(c | 0x20) - 'a';
-       if (v <= 5)
-               return v + 10;
-       return ~0;
-}
-/* For testing:
-void t(char c) { printf("'%c'(%u) %u\n", c, c, hex_to_bin(c)); }
-int main() { t(0x10); t(0x20); t('0'); t('9'); t('A'); t('F'); t('a'); t('f');
-t('0'-1); t('9'+1); t('A'-1); t('F'+1); t('a'-1); t('f'+1); return 0; }
-*/
-static char *decodeString(char *orig, int option_d)
-{
-       /* note that decoded string is always shorter than original */
-       char *string = orig;
-       char *ptr = string;
-       char c;
-
-       while ((c = *ptr++) != '\0') {
-               unsigned v;
-
-               if (option_d && c == '+') {
-                       *string++ = ' ';
-                       continue;
-               }
-               if (c != '%') {
-                       *string++ = c;
-                       continue;
-               }
-               v = hex_to_bin(ptr[0]);
-               if (v > 15) {
- bad_hex:
-                       if (!option_d)
-                               return NULL;
-                       *string++ = '%';
-                       continue;
-               }
-               v = (v * 16) | hex_to_bin(ptr[1]);
-               if (v > 255)
-                       goto bad_hex;
-               if (!option_d && (v == '/' || v == '\0')) {
-                       /* caller takes it as indication of invalid
-                        * (dangerous wrt exploits) chars */
-                       return orig + 1;
-               }
-               *string++ = v;
-               ptr += 2;
-       }
-       *string = '\0';
-       return orig;
-}
+#endif
 
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH
 /*
@@ -919,15 +895,18 @@ static int openServer(void)
 /*
  * Log the connection closure and exit.
  */
-static void log_and_exit(void) ATTRIBUTE_NORETURN;
+static void log_and_exit(void) NORETURN;
 static void log_and_exit(void)
 {
        /* Paranoia. IE said to be buggy. It may send some extra data
         * or be confused by us just exiting without SHUT_WR. Oh well. */
        shutdown(1, SHUT_WR);
+       /* Why??
+       (this also messes up stdin when user runs httpd -i from terminal)
        ndelay_on(0);
-       while (read(0, iobuf, IOBUF_SIZE) > 0)
+       while (read(STDIN_FILENO, iobuf, IOBUF_SIZE) > 0)
                continue;
+       */
 
        if (verbose > 2)
                bb_error_msg("closed");
@@ -949,10 +928,10 @@ static void send_headers(int responseNum)
        const char *infoString = NULL;
        const char *mime_type;
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_ERROR_PAGES
-       const char *error_page = 0;
+       const char *error_page = NULL;
 #endif
        unsigned i;
-       time_t timer = time(0);
+       time_t timer = time(NULL);
        char tmp_str[80];
        int len;
 
@@ -995,16 +974,16 @@ static void send_headers(int responseNum)
        }
 
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_ERROR_PAGES
-       if (error_page && !access(error_page, R_OK)) {
+       if (error_page && access(error_page, R_OK) == 0) {
                strcat(iobuf, "\r\n");
                len += 2;
 
                if (DEBUG)
                        fprintf(stderr, "headers: '%s'\n", iobuf);
-               full_write(1, iobuf, len);
+               full_write(STDOUT_FILENO, iobuf, len);
                if (DEBUG)
                        fprintf(stderr, "writing error page: '%s'\n", error_page);
-               return send_file_and_exit(error_page, FALSE);
+               return send_file_and_exit(error_page, SEND_BODY);
        }
 #endif
 
@@ -1012,7 +991,7 @@ static void send_headers(int responseNum)
                strftime(tmp_str, sizeof(tmp_str), RFC1123FMT, gmtime(&last_mod));
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_RANGES
                if (responseNum == HTTP_PARTIAL_CONTENT) {
-                       len += sprintf(iobuf + len, "Content-Range: bytes %"OFF_FMT"d-%"OFF_FMT"d/%"OFF_FMT"d\r\n",
+                       len += sprintf(iobuf + len, "Content-Range: bytes %"OFF_FMT"u-%"OFF_FMT"u/%"OFF_FMT"u\r\n",
                                        range_start,
                                        range_end,
                                        file_size);
@@ -1023,12 +1002,16 @@ static void send_headers(int responseNum)
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_RANGES
                        "Accept-Ranges: bytes\r\n"
 #endif
-                       "Last-Modified: %s\r\n%s %"OFF_FMT"d\r\n",
+                       "Last-Modified: %s\r\n%s %"OFF_FMT"u\r\n",
                                tmp_str,
-                               "Content-length:",
+                               content_gzip ? "Transfer-length:" : "Content-length:",
                                file_size
                );
        }
+
+       if (content_gzip)
+               len += sprintf(iobuf + len, "Content-Encoding: gzip\r\n");
+
        iobuf[len++] = '\r';
        iobuf[len++] = '\n';
        if (infoString) {
@@ -1040,16 +1023,17 @@ static void send_headers(int responseNum)
        }
        if (DEBUG)
                fprintf(stderr, "headers: '%s'\n", iobuf);
-       if (full_write(1, iobuf, len) != len) {
+       if (full_write(STDOUT_FILENO, iobuf, len) != len) {
                if (verbose > 1)
                        bb_perror_msg("error");
                log_and_exit();
        }
 }
 
-static void send_headers_and_exit(int responseNum) ATTRIBUTE_NORETURN;
+static void send_headers_and_exit(int responseNum) NORETURN;
 static void send_headers_and_exit(int responseNum)
 {
+       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_GZIP(content_gzip = 0;)
        send_headers(responseNum);
        log_and_exit();
 }
@@ -1066,9 +1050,10 @@ static int get_line(void)
        int count = 0;
        char c;
 
+       alarm(HEADER_READ_TIMEOUT);
        while (1) {
                if (hdr_cnt <= 0) {
-                       hdr_cnt = safe_read(0, hdr_buf, sizeof(hdr_buf));
+                       hdr_cnt = safe_read(STDIN_FILENO, hdr_buf, sizeof(hdr_buf));
                        if (hdr_cnt <= 0)
                                break;
                        hdr_ptr = hdr_buf;
@@ -1080,7 +1065,7 @@ static int get_line(void)
                        continue;
                if (c == '\n') {
                        iobuf[count] = '\0';
-                       return count;
+                       break;
                }
                if (count < (IOBUF_SIZE - 1))      /* check overflow */
                        count++;
@@ -1091,7 +1076,7 @@ static int get_line(void)
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CGI || ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_PROXY
 
 /* gcc 4.2.1 fares better with NOINLINE */
-static NOINLINE void cgi_io_loop_and_exit(int fromCgi_rd, int toCgi_wr, int post_len) ATTRIBUTE_NORETURN;
+static NOINLINE void cgi_io_loop_and_exit(int fromCgi_rd, int toCgi_wr, int post_len) NORETURN;
 static NOINLINE void cgi_io_loop_and_exit(int fromCgi_rd, int toCgi_wr, int post_len)
 {
        enum { FROM_CGI = 1, TO_CGI = 2 }; /* indexes in pfd[] */
@@ -1119,32 +1104,46 @@ static NOINLINE void cgi_io_loop_and_exit(int fromCgi_rd, int toCgi_wr, int post
 
        /* NB: breaking out of this loop jumps to log_and_exit() */
        out_cnt = 0;
+       pfd[FROM_CGI].fd = fromCgi_rd;
+       pfd[FROM_CGI].events = POLLIN;
+       pfd[TO_CGI].fd = toCgi_wr;
        while (1) {
-               memset(pfd, 0, sizeof(pfd));
-
-               pfd[FROM_CGI].fd = fromCgi_rd;
-               pfd[FROM_CGI].events = POLLIN;
-
-               if (toCgi_wr) {
-                       pfd[TO_CGI].fd = toCgi_wr;
-                       if (hdr_cnt > 0) {
-                               pfd[TO_CGI].events = POLLOUT;
-                       } else if (post_len > 0) {
-                               pfd[0].events = POLLIN;
+               /* Note: even pfd[0].events == 0 won't prevent
+                * revents == POLLHUP|POLLERR reports from closed stdin.
+                * Setting fd to -1 works: */
+               pfd[0].fd = -1;
+               pfd[0].events = POLLIN;
+               pfd[0].revents = 0; /* probably not needed, paranoia */
+
+               /* We always poll this fd, thus kernel always sets revents: */
+               /*pfd[FROM_CGI].events = POLLIN; - moved out of loop */
+               /*pfd[FROM_CGI].revents = 0; - not needed */
+
+               /* gcc-4.8.0 still doesnt fill two shorts with one insn :( */
+               /* http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=47059 */
+               /* hopefully one day it will... */
+               pfd[TO_CGI].events = POLLOUT;
+               pfd[TO_CGI].revents = 0; /* needed! */
+
+               if (toCgi_wr && hdr_cnt <= 0) {
+                       if (post_len > 0) {
+                               /* Expect more POST data from network */
+                               pfd[0].fd = 0;
                        } else {
                                /* post_len <= 0 && hdr_cnt <= 0:
                                 * no more POST data to CGI,
                                 * let CGI see EOF on CGI's stdin */
-                               close(toCgi_wr);
+                               if (toCgi_wr != fromCgi_rd)
+                                       close(toCgi_wr);
                                toCgi_wr = 0;
                        }
                }
 
                /* Now wait on the set of sockets */
-               count = safe_poll(pfd, 3, -1);
+               count = safe_poll(pfd, hdr_cnt > 0 ? TO_CGI+1 : FROM_CGI+1, -1);
                if (count <= 0) {
 #if 0
-                       if (waitpid(pid, &status, WNOHANG) <= 0) {
+                       if (safe_waitpid(pid, &status, WNOHANG) <= 0) {
                                /* Weird. CGI didn't exit and no fd's
                                 * are ready, yet poll returned?! */
                                continue;
@@ -1158,7 +1157,7 @@ static NOINLINE void cgi_io_loop_and_exit(int fromCgi_rd, int toCgi_wr, int post
                }
 
                if (pfd[TO_CGI].revents) {
-                       /* hdr_cnt > 0 here due to the way pfd[TO_CGI].events set */
+                       /* hdr_cnt > 0 here due to the way poll() called */
                        /* Have data from peer and can write to CGI */
                        count = safe_write(toCgi_wr, hdr_ptr, hdr_cnt);
                        /* Doesn't happen, we dont use nonblocking IO here
@@ -1180,8 +1179,8 @@ static NOINLINE void cgi_io_loop_and_exit(int fromCgi_rd, int toCgi_wr, int post
                         * and there *is* data to read from the peer
                         * (POSTDATA) */
                        //count = post_len > (int)sizeof(hdr_buf) ? (int)sizeof(hdr_buf) : post_len;
-                       //count = safe_read(0, hdr_buf, count);
-                       count = safe_read(0, hdr_buf, sizeof(hdr_buf));
+                       //count = safe_read(STDIN_FILENO, hdr_buf, count);
+                       count = safe_read(STDIN_FILENO, hdr_buf, sizeof(hdr_buf));
                        if (count > 0) {
                                hdr_cnt = count;
                                hdr_ptr = hdr_buf;
@@ -1215,8 +1214,8 @@ static NOINLINE void cgi_io_loop_and_exit(int fromCgi_rd, int toCgi_wr, int post
                                        /* eof (or error) and there was no "HTTP",
                                         * so write it, then write received data */
                                        if (out_cnt) {
-                                               full_write(1, HTTP_200, sizeof(HTTP_200)-1);
-                                               full_write(1, rbuf, out_cnt);
+                                               full_write(STDOUT_FILENO, HTTP_200, sizeof(HTTP_200)-1);
+                                               full_write(STDOUT_FILENO, rbuf, out_cnt);
                                        }
                                        break; /* CGI stdout is closed, exiting */
                                }
@@ -1225,7 +1224,7 @@ static NOINLINE void cgi_io_loop_and_exit(int fromCgi_rd, int toCgi_wr, int post
                                /* "Status" header format is: "Status: 302 Redirected\r\n" */
                                if (out_cnt >= 8 && memcmp(rbuf, "Status: ", 8) == 0) {
                                        /* send "HTTP/1.0 " */
-                                       if (full_write(1, HTTP_200, 9) != 9)
+                                       if (full_write(STDOUT_FILENO, HTTP_200, 9) != 9)
                                                break;
                                        rbuf += 8; /* skip "Status: " */
                                        count = out_cnt - 8;
@@ -1234,7 +1233,7 @@ static NOINLINE void cgi_io_loop_and_exit(int fromCgi_rd, int toCgi_wr, int post
                                        /* Did CGI add "HTTP"? */
                                        if (memcmp(rbuf, HTTP_200, 4) != 0) {
                                                /* there is no "HTTP", do it ourself */
-                                               if (full_write(1, HTTP_200, sizeof(HTTP_200)-1) != sizeof(HTTP_200)-1)
+                                               if (full_write(STDOUT_FILENO, HTTP_200, sizeof(HTTP_200)-1) != sizeof(HTTP_200)-1)
                                                        break;
                                        }
                                        /* Commented out:
@@ -1254,7 +1253,7 @@ static NOINLINE void cgi_io_loop_and_exit(int fromCgi_rd, int toCgi_wr, int post
                                if (count <= 0)
                                        break;  /* eof (or error) */
                        }
-                       if (full_write(1, rbuf, count) != count)
+                       if (full_write(STDOUT_FILENO, rbuf, count) != count)
                                break;
                        if (DEBUG)
                                fprintf(stderr, "cgi read %d bytes: '%.*s'\n", count, count, rbuf);
@@ -1280,68 +1279,72 @@ static void setenv1(const char *name, const char *value)
  *
  * Parameters:
  * const char *url              The requested URL (with leading /).
+ * const char *orig_uri         The original URI before rewriting (if any)
  * int post_len                 Length of the POST body.
  * const char *cookie           For set HTTP_COOKIE.
  * const char *content_type     For set CONTENT_TYPE.
  */
 static void send_cgi_and_exit(
                const char *url,
+               const char *orig_uri,
                const char *request,
                int post_len,
                const char *cookie,
-               const char *content_type) ATTRIBUTE_NORETURN;
+               const char *content_type) NORETURN;
 static void send_cgi_and_exit(
                const char *url,
+               const char *orig_uri,
                const char *request,
                int post_len,
                const char *cookie,
                const char *content_type)
 {
-       struct { int rd; int wr; } fromCgi;  /* CGI -> httpd pipe */
-       struct { int rd; int wr; } toCgi;    /* httpd -> CGI pipe */
-       char *fullpath;
-       char *script;
-       char *purl;
+       struct fd_pair fromCgi;  /* CGI -> httpd pipe */
+       struct fd_pair toCgi;    /* httpd -> CGI pipe */
+       char *script, *last_slash;
        int pid;
 
+       /* Make a copy. NB: caller guarantees:
+        * url[0] == '/', url[1] != '/' */
+       url = xstrdup(url);
+
        /*
         * We are mucking with environment _first_ and then vfork/exec,
-        * this allows us to use vfork safely. Parent don't care about
+        * this allows us to use vfork safely. Parent doesn't care about
         * these environment changes anyway.
         */
 
-       /*
-        * Find PATH_INFO.
-        */
-       purl = xstrdup(url);
-       script = purl;
+       /* Check for [dirs/]script.cgi/PATH_INFO */
+       last_slash = script = (char*)url;
        while ((script = strchr(script + 1, '/')) != NULL) {
-               /* have script.cgi/PATH_INFO or dirs/script.cgi[/PATH_INFO] */
-               struct stat sb;
-
+               int dir;
                *script = '\0';
-               if (!is_directory(purl + 1, 1, &sb)) {
+               dir = is_directory(url + 1, /*followlinks:*/ 1);
+               *script = '/';
+               if (!dir) {
                        /* not directory, found script.cgi/PATH_INFO */
-                       *script = '/';
                        break;
                }
-               *script = '/';          /* is directory, find next '/' */
+               /* is directory, find next '/' */
+               last_slash = script;
        }
-       setenv1("PATH_INFO", script);   /* set /PATH_INFO or "" */
+       setenv1("PATH_INFO", script);   /* set to /PATH_INFO or "" */
        setenv1("REQUEST_METHOD", request);
        if (g_query) {
-               putenv(xasprintf("%s=%s?%s", "REQUEST_URI", purl, g_query));
+               putenv(xasprintf("%s=%s?%s", "REQUEST_URI", orig_uri, g_query));
        } else {
-               setenv1("REQUEST_URI", purl);
+               setenv1("REQUEST_URI", orig_uri);
        }
        if (script != NULL)
                *script = '\0';         /* cut off /PATH_INFO */
 
-       /* SCRIPT_FILENAME required by PHP in CGI mode */
-       fullpath = concat_path_file(home_httpd, purl);
-       setenv1("SCRIPT_FILENAME", fullpath);
+       /* SCRIPT_FILENAME is required by PHP in CGI mode */
+       if (home_httpd[0] == '/') {
+               char *fullpath = concat_path_file(home_httpd, url);
+               setenv1("SCRIPT_FILENAME", fullpath);
+       }
        /* set SCRIPT_NAME as full path: /cgi-bin/dirs/script.cgi */
-       setenv1("SCRIPT_NAME", purl);
+       setenv1("SCRIPT_NAME", url);
        /* http://hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu/cgi/env.html:
         * QUERY_STRING: The information which follows the ? in the URL
         * which referenced this script. This is the query information.
@@ -1373,6 +1376,10 @@ static void send_cgi_and_exit(
                }
        }
        setenv1("HTTP_USER_AGENT", user_agent);
+       if (http_accept)
+               setenv1("HTTP_ACCEPT", http_accept);
+       if (http_accept_language)
+               setenv1("HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE", http_accept_language);
        if (post_len)
                putenv(xasprintf("CONTENT_LENGTH=%d", post_len));
        if (cookie)
@@ -1387,9 +1394,12 @@ static void send_cgi_and_exit(
 #endif
        if (referer)
                setenv1("HTTP_REFERER", referer);
+       setenv1("HTTP_HOST", host); /* set to "" if NULL */
+       /* setenv1("SERVER_NAME", safe_gethostname()); - don't do this,
+        * just run "env SERVER_NAME=xyz httpd ..." instead */
 
-       xpipe(&fromCgi.rd);
-       xpipe(&toCgi.rd);
+       xpiped_pair(fromCgi);
+       xpiped_pair(toCgi);
 
        pid = vfork();
        if (pid < 0) {
@@ -1397,51 +1407,68 @@ static void send_cgi_and_exit(
                log_and_exit();
        }
 
-       if (!pid) {
+       if (pid == 0) {
                /* Child process */
+               char *argv[3];
+
                xfunc_error_retval = 242;
 
+               /* NB: close _first_, then move fds! */
+               close(toCgi.wr);
+               close(fromCgi.rd);
                xmove_fd(toCgi.rd, 0);  /* replace stdin with the pipe */
                xmove_fd(fromCgi.wr, 1);  /* replace stdout with the pipe */
-               close(fromCgi.rd);
-               close(toCgi.wr);
                /* User seeing stderr output can be a security problem.
                 * If CGI really wants that, it can always do dup itself. */
                /* dup2(1, 2); */
 
-               /* script must have absolute path */
-               script = strrchr(fullpath, '/');
-               if (!script)
-                       goto error_execing_cgi;
-               *script = '\0';
-               /* chdiring to script's dir */
-               if (chdir(fullpath) == 0) {
-                       char *argv[2];
+               /* Chdiring to script's dir */
+               script = last_slash;
+               if (script != url) { /* paranoia */
+                       *script = '\0';
+                       if (chdir(url + 1) != 0) {
+                               bb_perror_msg("can't change directory to '%s'", url + 1);
+                               goto error_execing_cgi;
+                       }
+                       // not needed: *script = '/';
+               }
+               script++;
+
+               /* set argv[0] to name without path */
+               argv[0] = script;
+               argv[1] = NULL;
+
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CONFIG_WITH_SCRIPT_INTERPR
-                       char *interpr = NULL;
-                       char *suffix = strrchr(purl, '.');
+               {
+                       char *suffix = strrchr(script, '.');
 
                        if (suffix) {
                                Htaccess *cur;
                                for (cur = script_i; cur; cur = cur->next) {
                                        if (strcmp(cur->before_colon + 1, suffix) == 0) {
-                                               interpr = cur->after_colon;
+                                               /* found interpreter name */
+                                               argv[0] = cur->after_colon;
+                                               argv[1] = script;
+                                               argv[2] = NULL;
                                                break;
                                        }
                                }
                        }
-#endif
-                       *script = '/';
-                       /* set argv[0] to name without path */
-                       argv[0] = (char*)bb_basename(purl);
-                       argv[1] = NULL;
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CONFIG_WITH_SCRIPT_INTERPR
-                       if (interpr)
-                               execv(interpr, argv);
-                       else
-#endif
-                               execv(fullpath, argv);
                }
+#endif
+               /* restore default signal dispositions for CGI process */
+               bb_signals(0
+                       | (1 << SIGCHLD)
+                       | (1 << SIGPIPE)
+                       | (1 << SIGHUP)
+                       , SIG_DFL);
+
+               /* _NOT_ execvp. We do not search PATH. argv[0] is a filename
+                * without any dir components and will only match a file
+                * in the current directory */
+               execv(argv[0], argv);
+               if (verbose)
+                       bb_perror_msg("can't execute '%s'", argv[0]);
  error_execing_cgi:
                /* send to stdout
                 * (we are CGI here, our stdout is pumped to the net) */
@@ -1465,142 +1492,172 @@ static void send_cgi_and_exit(
  * Send a file response to a HTTP request, and exit
  *
  * Parameters:
- * const char *url    The requested URL (with leading /).
- * headers            Don't send headers before if FALSE.
+ * const char *url  The requested URL (with leading /).
+ * what             What to send (headers/body/both).
  */
-static void send_file_and_exit(const char *url, int headers)
+static NOINLINE void send_file_and_exit(const char *url, int what)
 {
-       static const char *const suffixTable[] = {
-       /* Warning: shorter equivalent suffix in one line must be first */
-               ".htm.html", "text/html",
-               ".jpg.jpeg", "image/jpeg",
-               ".gif",      "image/gif",
-               ".png",      "image/png",
-               ".txt.h.c.cc.cpp", "text/plain",
-               ".css",      "text/css",
-               ".wav",      "audio/wav",
-               ".avi",      "video/x-msvideo",
-               ".qt.mov",   "video/quicktime",
-               ".mpe.mpeg", "video/mpeg",
-               ".mid.midi", "audio/midi",
-               ".mp3",      "audio/mpeg",
-#if 0                        /* unpopular */
-               ".au",       "audio/basic",
-               ".pac",      "application/x-ns-proxy-autoconfig",
-               ".vrml.wrl", "model/vrml",
-#endif
-               NULL
-       };
-
        char *suffix;
-       int f;
-       const char *const *table;
-       const char *try_suffix;
+       int fd;
        ssize_t count;
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_USE_SENDFILE
-       off_t offset;
-#endif
 
-       suffix = strrchr(url, '.');
+       if (content_gzip) {
+               /* does <url>.gz exist? Then use it instead */
+               char *gzurl = xasprintf("%s.gz", url);
+               fd = open(gzurl, O_RDONLY);
+               free(gzurl);
+               if (fd != -1) {
+                       struct stat sb;
+                       fstat(fd, &sb);
+                       file_size = sb.st_size;
+                       last_mod = sb.st_mtime;
+               } else {
+                       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_GZIP(content_gzip = 0;)
+                       fd = open(url, O_RDONLY);
+               }
+       } else {
+               fd = open(url, O_RDONLY);
+       }
+       if (fd < 0) {
+               if (DEBUG)
+                       bb_perror_msg("can't open '%s'", url);
+               /* Error pages are sent by using send_file_and_exit(SEND_BODY).
+                * IOW: it is unsafe to call send_headers_and_exit
+                * if what is SEND_BODY! Can recurse! */
+               if (what != SEND_BODY)
+                       send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_NOT_FOUND);
+               log_and_exit();
+       }
+       /* If you want to know about EPIPE below
+        * (happens if you abort downloads from local httpd): */
+       signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
 
-       /* If not found, set default as "application/octet-stream";  */
+       /* If not found, default is "application/octet-stream" */
        found_mime_type = "application/octet-stream";
+       suffix = strrchr(url, '.');
        if (suffix) {
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CONFIG_WITH_MIME_TYPES
+               static const char suffixTable[] ALIGN1 =
+                       /* Shorter suffix must be first:
+                        * ".html.htm" will fail for ".htm"
+                        */
+                       ".txt.h.c.cc.cpp\0" "text/plain\0"
+                       /* .htm line must be after .h line */
+                       ".htm.html\0" "text/html\0"
+                       ".jpg.jpeg\0" "image/jpeg\0"
+                       ".gif\0"      "image/gif\0"
+                       ".png\0"      "image/png\0"
+                       /* .css line must be after .c line */
+                       ".css\0"      "text/css\0"
+                       ".wav\0"      "audio/wav\0"
+                       ".avi\0"      "video/x-msvideo\0"
+                       ".qt.mov\0"   "video/quicktime\0"
+                       ".mpe.mpeg\0" "video/mpeg\0"
+                       ".mid.midi\0" "audio/midi\0"
+                       ".mp3\0"      "audio/mpeg\0"
+#if 0  /* unpopular */
+                       ".au\0"       "audio/basic\0"
+                       ".pac\0"      "application/x-ns-proxy-autoconfig\0"
+                       ".vrml.wrl\0" "model/vrml\0"
+#endif
+                       /* compiler adds another "\0" here */
+               ;
                Htaccess *cur;
-#endif
-               for (table = suffixTable; *table; table += 2) {
-                       try_suffix = strstr(table[0], suffix);
-                       if (try_suffix) {
-                               try_suffix += strlen(suffix);
-                               if (*try_suffix == '\0' || *try_suffix == '.') {
-                                       found_mime_type = table[1];
-                                       break;
-                               }
+
+               /* Examine built-in table */
+               const char *table = suffixTable;
+               const char *table_next;
+               for (; *table; table = table_next) {
+                       const char *try_suffix;
+                       const char *mime_type;
+                       mime_type  = table + strlen(table) + 1;
+                       table_next = mime_type + strlen(mime_type) + 1;
+                       try_suffix = strstr(table, suffix);
+                       if (!try_suffix)
+                               continue;
+                       try_suffix += strlen(suffix);
+                       if (*try_suffix == '\0' || *try_suffix == '.') {
+                               found_mime_type = mime_type;
+                               break;
                        }
+                       /* Example: strstr(table, ".av") != NULL, but it
+                        * does not match ".avi" after all and we end up here.
+                        * The table is arranged so that in this case we know
+                        * that it can't match anything in the following lines,
+                        * and we stop the search: */
+                       break;
                }
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CONFIG_WITH_MIME_TYPES
+               /* ...then user's table */
                for (cur = mime_a; cur; cur = cur->next) {
                        if (strcmp(cur->before_colon, suffix) == 0) {
                                found_mime_type = cur->after_colon;
                                break;
                        }
                }
-#endif
        }
 
        if (DEBUG)
                bb_error_msg("sending file '%s' content-type: %s",
                        url, found_mime_type);
 
-       f = open(url, O_RDONLY);
-       if (f < 0) {
-               if (DEBUG)
-                       bb_perror_msg("cannot open '%s'", url);
-               if (headers)
-                       send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_NOT_FOUND);
-       }
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_RANGES
-       if (!headers)
-               range_start = 0; /* err pages and ranges don't mix */
+       if (what == SEND_BODY /* err pages and ranges don't mix */
+        || content_gzip /* we are sending compressed page: can't do ranges */  ///why?
+       ) {
+               range_start = -1;
+       }
        range_len = MAXINT(off_t);
-       if (range_start) {
-               if (!range_end) {
+       if (range_start >= 0) {
+               if (!range_end || range_end > file_size - 1) {
                        range_end = file_size - 1;
                }
                if (range_end < range_start
-                || lseek(f, range_start, SEEK_SET) != range_start
+                || lseek(fd, range_start, SEEK_SET) != range_start
                ) {
-                       lseek(f, 0, SEEK_SET);
-                       range_start = 0;
+                       lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
+                       range_start = -1;
                } else {
                        range_len = range_end - range_start + 1;
                        send_headers(HTTP_PARTIAL_CONTENT);
-                       headers = 0;
+                       what = SEND_BODY;
                }
        }
 #endif
-
-       if (headers)
+       if (what & SEND_HEADERS)
                send_headers(HTTP_OK);
-
-       /* If you want to know about EPIPE below
-        * (happens if you abort downloads from local httpd): */
-       signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
-
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_USE_SENDFILE
-       offset = range_start;
-       do {
-               /* sz is rounded down to 64k */
-               ssize_t sz = MAXINT(ssize_t) - 0xffff;
-               USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_RANGES(if (sz > range_len) sz = range_len;)
-               count = sendfile(1, f, &offset, sz);
-               if (count < 0) {
-                       if (offset == range_start)
-                               goto fallback;
-                       goto fin;
+       {
+               off_t offset = range_start;
+               while (1) {
+                       /* sz is rounded down to 64k */
+                       ssize_t sz = MAXINT(ssize_t) - 0xffff;
+                       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_RANGES(if (sz > range_len) sz = range_len;)
+                       count = sendfile(STDOUT_FILENO, fd, &offset, sz);
+                       if (count < 0) {
+                               if (offset == range_start)
+                                       break; /* fall back to read/write loop */
+                               goto fin;
+                       }
+                       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_RANGES(range_len -= count;)
+                       if (count == 0 || range_len == 0)
+                               log_and_exit();
                }
-               USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_RANGES(range_len -= sz;)
-       } while (count > 0 && range_len);
-       log_and_exit();
-
- fallback:
+       }
 #endif
-       while ((count = safe_read(f, iobuf, IOBUF_SIZE)) > 0) {
+       while ((count = safe_read(fd, iobuf, IOBUF_SIZE)) > 0) {
                ssize_t n;
-               USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_RANGES(if (count > range_len) count = range_len;)
-               n = full_write(1, iobuf, count);
+               IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_RANGES(if (count > range_len) count = range_len;)
+               n = full_write(STDOUT_FILENO, iobuf, count);
                if (count != n)
                        break;
-               USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_RANGES(range_len -= count;)
-               if (!range_len)
+               IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_RANGES(range_len -= count;)
+               if (range_len == 0)
                        break;
        }
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_USE_SENDFILE
- fin:
-#endif
-       if (count < 0 && verbose > 1)
-               bb_perror_msg("error");
+       if (count < 0) {
+ IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_USE_SENDFILE(fin:)
+               if (verbose > 1)
+                       bb_perror_msg("error");
+       }
        log_and_exit();
 }
 
@@ -1608,7 +1665,6 @@ static int checkPermIP(void)
 {
        Htaccess_IP *cur;
 
-       /* This could stand some work */
        for (cur = ip_a_d; cur; cur = cur->next) {
 #if DEBUG
                fprintf(stderr,
@@ -1625,91 +1681,211 @@ static int checkPermIP(void)
                );
 #endif
                if ((rmt_ip & cur->mask) == cur->ip)
-                       return cur->allow_deny == 'A';   /* Allow/Deny */
+                       return (cur->allow_deny == 'A'); /* A -> 1 */
        }
 
-       /* if unconfigured, return 1 - access from all */
-       return !flg_deny_all;
+       return !flg_deny_all; /* depends on whether we saw "D:*" */
 }
 
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH
+
+# if ENABLE_PAM
+struct pam_userinfo {
+       const char *name;
+       const char *pw;
+};
+
+static int pam_talker(int num_msg,
+               const struct pam_message **msg,
+               struct pam_response **resp,
+               void *appdata_ptr)
+{
+       int i;
+       struct pam_userinfo *userinfo = (struct pam_userinfo *) appdata_ptr;
+       struct pam_response *response;
+
+       if (!resp || !msg || !userinfo)
+               return PAM_CONV_ERR;
+
+       /* allocate memory to store response */
+       response = xzalloc(num_msg * sizeof(*response));
+
+       /* copy values */
+       for (i = 0; i < num_msg; i++) {
+               const char *s;
+
+               switch (msg[i]->msg_style) {
+               case PAM_PROMPT_ECHO_ON:
+                       s = userinfo->name;
+                       break;
+               case PAM_PROMPT_ECHO_OFF:
+                       s = userinfo->pw;
+                       break;
+               case PAM_ERROR_MSG:
+               case PAM_TEXT_INFO:
+                       s = "";
+                       break;
+               default:
+                       free(response);
+                       return PAM_CONV_ERR;
+               }
+               response[i].resp = xstrdup(s);
+               if (PAM_SUCCESS != 0)
+                       response[i].resp_retcode = PAM_SUCCESS;
+       }
+       *resp = response;
+       return PAM_SUCCESS;
+}
+# endif
+
 /*
- * Check the permission file for access password protected.
- *
- * If config file isn't present, everything is allowed.
- * Entries are of the form you can see example from header source
+ * Config file entries are of the form "/<path>:<user>:<passwd>".
+ * If config file has no prefix match for path, access is allowed.
  *
- * path      The file path.
- * request   User information to validate.
+ * path                 The file path
+ * user_and_passwd      "user:passwd" to validate
  *
- * Returns 1 if request is OK.
+ * Returns 1 if user_and_passwd is OK.
  */
-static int checkPerm(const char *path, const char *request)
+static int check_user_passwd(const char *path, char *user_and_passwd)
 {
        Htaccess *cur;
-       const char *p;
-       const char *p0;
-
        const char *prev = NULL;
 
-       /* This could stand some work */
        for (cur = g_auth; cur; cur = cur->next) {
-               size_t l;
+               const char *dir_prefix;
+               size_t len;
+               int r;
 
-               p0 = cur->before_colon;
-               if (prev != NULL && strcmp(prev, p0) != 0)
-                       continue;       /* find next identical */
-               p = cur->after_colon;
-               if (DEBUG)
-                       fprintf(stderr, "checkPerm: '%s' ? '%s'\n", p0, request);
+               dir_prefix = cur->before_colon;
 
-               l = strlen(p0);
-               if (strncmp(p0, path, l) == 0
-                && (l == 1 || path[l] == '/' || path[l] == '\0')
-               ) {
-                       char *u;
-                       /* path match found.  Check request */
-                       /* for check next /path:user:password */
-                       prev = p0;
-                       u = strchr(request, ':');
-                       if (u == NULL) {
-                               /* bad request, ':' required */
-                               break;
-                       }
+               /* WHY? */
+               /* If already saw a match, don't accept other different matches */
+               if (prev && strcmp(prev, dir_prefix) != 0)
+                       continue;
 
-                       if (ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_AUTH_MD5) {
-                               char *cipher;
-                               char *pp;
+               if (DEBUG)
+                       fprintf(stderr, "checkPerm: '%s' ? '%s'\n", dir_prefix, user_and_passwd);
+
+               /* If it's not a prefix match, continue searching */
+               len = strlen(dir_prefix);
+               if (len != 1 /* dir_prefix "/" matches all, don't need to check */
+                && (strncmp(dir_prefix, path, len) != 0
+                   || (path[len] != '/' && path[len] != '\0')
+                   )
+               ) {
+                       continue;
+               }
 
-                               if (strncmp(p, request, u - request) != 0) {
-                                       /* user doesn't match */
-                                       continue;
+               /* Path match found */
+               prev = dir_prefix;
+
+               if (ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_AUTH_MD5) {
+                       char *colon_after_user;
+                       const char *passwd;
+# if ENABLE_FEATURE_SHADOWPASSWDS && !ENABLE_PAM
+                       char sp_buf[256];
+# endif
+
+                       colon_after_user = strchr(user_and_passwd, ':');
+                       if (!colon_after_user)
+                               goto bad_input;
+
+                       /* compare "user:" */
+                       if (cur->after_colon[0] != '*'
+                        && strncmp(cur->after_colon, user_and_passwd,
+                                       colon_after_user - user_and_passwd + 1) != 0
+                       ) {
+                               continue;
+                       }
+                       /* this cfg entry is '*' or matches username from peer */
+
+                       passwd = strchr(cur->after_colon, ':');
+                       if (!passwd)
+                               goto bad_input;
+                       passwd++;
+                       if (passwd[0] == '*') {
+# if ENABLE_PAM
+                               struct pam_userinfo userinfo;
+                               struct pam_conv conv_info = { &pam_talker, (void *) &userinfo };
+                               pam_handle_t *pamh;
+
+                               *colon_after_user = '\0';
+                               userinfo.name = user_and_passwd;
+                               userinfo.pw = colon_after_user + 1;
+                               r = pam_start("httpd", user_and_passwd, &conv_info, &pamh) != PAM_SUCCESS;
+                               if (r == 0) {
+                                       r = pam_authenticate(pamh, PAM_DISALLOW_NULL_AUTHTOK) != PAM_SUCCESS
+                                        || pam_acct_mgmt(pamh, PAM_DISALLOW_NULL_AUTHTOK)    != PAM_SUCCESS
+                                       ;
+                                       pam_end(pamh, PAM_SUCCESS);
                                }
-                               pp = strchr(p, ':');
-                               if (pp && pp[1] == '$' && pp[2] == '1'
-                                && pp[3] == '$' && pp[4]
-                               ) {
-                                       pp++;
-                                       cipher = pw_encrypt(u+1, pp);
-                                       if (strcmp(cipher, pp) == 0)
-                                               goto set_remoteuser_var;   /* Ok */
-                                       /* unauthorized */
+                               *colon_after_user = ':';
+                               goto end_check_passwd;
+# else
+#  if ENABLE_FEATURE_SHADOWPASSWDS
+                               /* Using _r function to avoid pulling in static buffers */
+                               struct spwd spw;
+#  endif
+                               struct passwd *pw;
+
+                               *colon_after_user = '\0';
+                               pw = getpwnam(user_and_passwd);
+                               *colon_after_user = ':';
+                               if (!pw || !pw->pw_passwd)
                                        continue;
+                               passwd = pw->pw_passwd;
+#  if ENABLE_FEATURE_SHADOWPASSWDS
+                               if ((passwd[0] == 'x' || passwd[0] == '*') && !passwd[1]) {
+                                       /* getspnam_r may return 0 yet set result to NULL.
+                                        * At least glibc 2.4 does this. Be extra paranoid here. */
+                                       struct spwd *result = NULL;
+                                       r = getspnam_r(pw->pw_name, &spw, sp_buf, sizeof(sp_buf), &result);
+                                       if (r == 0 && result)
+                                               passwd = result->sp_pwdp;
                                }
+#  endif
+                               /* In this case, passwd is ALWAYS encrypted:
+                                * it came from /etc/passwd or /etc/shadow!
+                                */
+                               goto check_encrypted;
+# endif /* ENABLE_PAM */
                        }
-
-                       if (strcmp(p, request) == 0) {
- set_remoteuser_var:
-                               remoteuser = strdup(request);
-                               if (remoteuser)
-                                       remoteuser[u - request] = '\0';
-                               return 1;   /* Ok */
+                       /* Else: passwd is from httpd.conf, it is either plaintext or encrypted */
+
+                       if (passwd[0] == '$' && isdigit(passwd[1])) {
+                               char *encrypted;
+# if !ENABLE_PAM
+ check_encrypted:
+# endif
+                               /* encrypt pwd from peer and check match with local one */
+                               encrypted = pw_encrypt(
+                                       /* pwd (from peer): */  colon_after_user + 1,
+                                       /* salt: */ passwd,
+                                       /* cleanup: */ 0
+                               );
+                               r = strcmp(encrypted, passwd);
+                               free(encrypted);
+                       } else {
+                               /* local passwd is from httpd.conf and it's plaintext */
+                               r = strcmp(colon_after_user + 1, passwd);
                        }
-                       /* unauthorized */
+                       goto end_check_passwd;
+               }
+ bad_input:
+               /* Comparing plaintext "user:pass" in one go */
+               r = strcmp(cur->after_colon, user_and_passwd);
+ end_check_passwd:
+               if (r == 0) {
+                       remoteuser = xstrndup(user_and_passwd,
+                               strchrnul(user_and_passwd, ':') - user_and_passwd
+                       );
+                       return 1; /* Ok */
                }
        } /* for */
 
-       return prev == NULL;
+       /* 0(bad) if prev is set: matches were found but passwd was wrong */
+       return (prev == NULL);
 }
 #endif  /* FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH */
 
@@ -1728,8 +1904,8 @@ static Htaccess_Proxy *find_proxy_entry(const char *url)
 /*
  * Handle timeouts
  */
-static void exit_on_signal(int sig) ATTRIBUTE_NORETURN;
-static void exit_on_signal(int sig)
+static void send_REQUEST_TIMEOUT_and_exit(int sig) NORETURN;
+static void send_REQUEST_TIMEOUT_and_exit(int sig UNUSED_PARAM)
 {
        send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_REQUEST_TIMEOUT);
 }
@@ -1737,17 +1913,16 @@ static void exit_on_signal(int sig)
 /*
  * Handle an incoming http request and exit.
  */
-static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr) ATTRIBUTE_NORETURN;
+static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr) NORETURN;
 static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
 {
        static const char request_GET[] ALIGN1 = "GET";
-
        struct stat sb;
        char *urlcopy;
        char *urlp;
        char *tptr;
-       int ip_allowed;
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CGI
+       static const char request_HEAD[] ALIGN1 = "HEAD";
        const char *prequest;
        char *cookie = NULL;
        char *content_type = NULL;
@@ -1756,6 +1931,10 @@ static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
 #define prequest request_GET
        unsigned long length = 0;
 #endif
+#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH
+       smallint authorized = -1;
+#endif
+       smallint ip_allowed;
        char http_major_version;
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_PROXY
        char http_minor_version;
@@ -1763,87 +1942,86 @@ static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
        char *header_ptr = header_ptr;
        Htaccess_Proxy *proxy_entry;
 #endif
-       struct sigaction sa;
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH
-       int credentials = -1;  /* if not required this is Ok */
-#endif
 
        /* Allocation of iobuf is postponed until now
         * (IOW, server process doesn't need to waste 8k) */
        iobuf = xmalloc(IOBUF_SIZE);
 
        rmt_ip = 0;
-       if (fromAddr->sa.sa_family == AF_INET) {
-               rmt_ip = ntohl(fromAddr->sin.sin_addr.s_addr);
+       if (fromAddr->u.sa.sa_family == AF_INET) {
+               rmt_ip = ntohl(fromAddr->u.sin.sin_addr.s_addr);
        }
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_IPV6
-       if (fromAddr->sa.sa_family == AF_INET6
-        && fromAddr->sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[0] == 0
-        && fromAddr->sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[1] == 0
-        && ntohl(fromAddr->sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[2]) == 0xffff)
-               rmt_ip = ntohl(fromAddr->sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[3]);
+       if (fromAddr->u.sa.sa_family == AF_INET6
+        && fromAddr->u.sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[0] == 0
+        && fromAddr->u.sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[1] == 0
+        && ntohl(fromAddr->u.sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[2]) == 0xffff)
+               rmt_ip = ntohl(fromAddr->u.sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[3]);
 #endif
        if (ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CGI || DEBUG || verbose) {
-               rmt_ip_str = xmalloc_sockaddr2dotted(&fromAddr->sa);
+               /* NB: can be NULL (user runs httpd -i by hand?) */
+               rmt_ip_str = xmalloc_sockaddr2dotted(&fromAddr->u.sa);
        }
        if (verbose) {
                /* this trick makes -v logging much simpler */
-               applet_name = rmt_ip_str;
+               if (rmt_ip_str)
+                       applet_name = rmt_ip_str;
                if (verbose > 2)
                        bb_error_msg("connected");
        }
 
-       /* Install timeout handler */
-       memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
-       sa.sa_handler = exit_on_signal;
-       /* sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask); - memset should be enough */
-       /*sa.sa_flags = 0; - no SA_RESTART */
-       sigaction(SIGALRM, &sa, NULL);
-       alarm(HEADER_READ_TIMEOUT);
+       /* Install timeout handler. get_line() needs it. */
+       signal(SIGALRM, send_REQUEST_TIMEOUT_and_exit);
 
        if (!get_line()) /* EOF or error or empty line */
                send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_BAD_REQUEST);
 
        /* Determine type of request (GET/POST) */
-       urlp = strpbrk(iobuf, " \t");
+       // rfc2616: method and URI is separated by exactly one space
+       //urlp = strpbrk(iobuf, " \t"); - no, tab isn't allowed
+       urlp = strchr(iobuf, ' ');
        if (urlp == NULL)
                send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_BAD_REQUEST);
        *urlp++ = '\0';
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CGI
        prequest = request_GET;
        if (strcasecmp(iobuf, prequest) != 0) {
-               prequest = "POST";
-               if (strcasecmp(iobuf, prequest) != 0)
-                       send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_NOT_IMPLEMENTED);
+               prequest = request_HEAD;
+               if (strcasecmp(iobuf, prequest) != 0) {
+                       prequest = "POST";
+                       if (strcasecmp(iobuf, prequest) != 0)
+                               send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_NOT_IMPLEMENTED);
+               }
        }
 #else
        if (strcasecmp(iobuf, request_GET) != 0)
                send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_NOT_IMPLEMENTED);
 #endif
-       urlp = skip_whitespace(urlp);
+       // rfc2616: method and URI is separated by exactly one space
+       //urlp = skip_whitespace(urlp); - should not be necessary
        if (urlp[0] != '/')
                send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_BAD_REQUEST);
 
        /* Find end of URL and parse HTTP version, if any */
        http_major_version = '0';
-       USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_PROXY(http_minor_version = '0';)
+       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_PROXY(http_minor_version = '0';)
        tptr = strchrnul(urlp, ' ');
        /* Is it " HTTP/"? */
        if (tptr[0] && strncmp(tptr + 1, HTTP_200, 5) == 0) {
                http_major_version = tptr[6];
-               USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_PROXY(http_minor_version = tptr[8];)
+               IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_PROXY(http_minor_version = tptr[8];)
        }
        *tptr = '\0';
 
        /* Copy URL from after "GET "/"POST " to stack-allocated char[] */
-       urlcopy = alloca((tptr - urlp) + sizeof("/index.html"));
+       urlcopy = alloca((tptr - urlp) + 2 + strlen(index_page));
        /*if (urlcopy == NULL)
         *      send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);*/
        strcpy(urlcopy, urlp);
        /* NB: urlcopy ptr is never changed after this */
 
        /* Extract url args if present */
-       g_query = NULL;
+       /* g_query = NULL; - already is */
        tptr = strchr(urlcopy, '?');
        if (tptr) {
                *tptr++ = '\0';
@@ -1851,7 +2029,7 @@ static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
        }
 
        /* Decode URL escape sequences */
-       tptr = decodeString(urlcopy, 0);
+       tptr = percent_decode_in_place(urlcopy, /*strict:*/ 1);
        if (tptr == NULL)
                send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_BAD_REQUEST);
        if (tptr == urlcopy + 1) {
@@ -1861,37 +2039,42 @@ static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
 
        /* Canonicalize path */
        /* Algorithm stolen from libbb bb_simplify_path(),
-        * but don't strdup and reducing trailing slash and protect out root */
+        * but don't strdup, retain trailing slash, protect root */
        urlp = tptr = urlcopy;
-       do {
+       for (;;) {
                if (*urlp == '/') {
                        /* skip duplicate (or initial) slash */
                        if (*tptr == '/') {
-                               continue;
+                               goto next_char;
                        }
                        if (*tptr == '.') {
-                               /* skip extra '.' */
-                               if (tptr[1] == '/' || !tptr[1]) {
-                                       continue;
-                               }
-                               /* '..': be careful */
-                               if (tptr[1] == '.' && (tptr[2] == '/' || !tptr[2])) {
-                                       ++tptr;
-                                       if (urlp == urlcopy) /* protect root */
+                               if (tptr[1] == '.' && (tptr[2] == '/' || tptr[2] == '\0')) {
+                                       /* "..": be careful */
+                                       /* protect root */
+                                       if (urlp == urlcopy)
                                                send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_BAD_REQUEST);
-                                       while (*--urlp != '/') /* omit previous dir */;
+                                       /* omit previous dir */
+                                       while (*--urlp != '/')
                                                continue;
+                                       /* skip to "./" or ".<NUL>" */
+                                       tptr++;
+                               }
+                               if (tptr[1] == '/' || tptr[1] == '\0') {
+                                       /* skip extra "/./" */
+                                       goto next_char;
                                }
                        }
                }
                *++urlp = *tptr;
-       } while (*++tptr);
-       *++urlp = '\0';       /* so keep last character */
-       tptr = urlp;          /* end ptr */
+               if (*urlp == '\0')
+                       break;
+ next_char:
+               tptr++;
+       }
 
        /* If URL is a directory, add '/' */
-       if (tptr[-1] != '/') {
-               if (is_directory(urlcopy + 1, 1, &sb)) {
+       if (urlp[-1] != '/') {
+               if (is_directory(urlcopy + 1, /*followlinks:*/ 1)) {
                        found_moved_temporarily = urlcopy;
                }
        }
@@ -1905,8 +2088,8 @@ static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
        while (ip_allowed && (tptr = strchr(tptr + 1, '/')) != NULL) {
                /* have path1/path2 */
                *tptr = '\0';
-               if (is_directory(urlcopy + 1, 1, &sb)) {
-                       /* may be having subdir config */
+               if (is_directory(urlcopy + 1, /*followlinks:*/ 1)) {
+                       /* may have subdir config */
                        parse_conf(urlcopy + 1, SUBDIR_PARSE);
                        ip_allowed = checkPermIP();
                }
@@ -1922,9 +2105,8 @@ static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
        if (http_major_version >= '0') {
                /* Request was with "... HTTP/nXXX", and n >= 0 */
 
-               /* Read until blank line for HTTP version specified, else parse immediate */
+               /* Read until blank line */
                while (1) {
-                       alarm(HEADER_READ_TIMEOUT);
                        if (!get_line())
                                break; /* EOF or error or empty line */
                        if (DEBUG)
@@ -1949,37 +2131,44 @@ static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
                        /* Try and do our best to parse more lines */
                        if ((STRNCASECMP(iobuf, "Content-length:") == 0)) {
                                /* extra read only for POST */
-                               if (prequest != request_GET) {
-                                       tptr = iobuf + sizeof("Content-length:") - 1;
+                               if (prequest != request_GET
+# if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CGI
+                                && prequest != request_HEAD
+# endif
+                               ) {
+                                       tptr = skip_whitespace(iobuf + sizeof("Content-length:") - 1);
                                        if (!tptr[0])
                                                send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_BAD_REQUEST);
-                                       errno = 0;
                                        /* not using strtoul: it ignores leading minus! */
-                                       length = strtol(tptr, &tptr, 10);
+                                       length = bb_strtou(tptr, NULL, 10);
                                        /* length is "ulong", but we need to pass it to int later */
-                                       /* so we check for negative or too large values in one go: */
-                                       /* (long -> ulong conv caused negatives to be seen as > INT_MAX) */
-                                       if (tptr[0] || errno || length > INT_MAX)
+                                       if (errno || length > INT_MAX)
                                                send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_BAD_REQUEST);
                                }
                        }
 #endif
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CGI
                        else if (STRNCASECMP(iobuf, "Cookie:") == 0) {
-                               cookie = strdup(skip_whitespace(iobuf + sizeof("Cookie:")-1));
+                               cookie = xstrdup(skip_whitespace(iobuf + sizeof("Cookie:")-1));
                        } else if (STRNCASECMP(iobuf, "Content-Type:") == 0) {
-                               content_type = strdup(skip_whitespace(iobuf + sizeof("Content-Type:")-1));
+                               content_type = xstrdup(skip_whitespace(iobuf + sizeof("Content-Type:")-1));
                        } else if (STRNCASECMP(iobuf, "Referer:") == 0) {
-                               referer = strdup(skip_whitespace(iobuf + sizeof("Referer:")-1));
+                               referer = xstrdup(skip_whitespace(iobuf + sizeof("Referer:")-1));
                        } else if (STRNCASECMP(iobuf, "User-Agent:") == 0) {
-                               user_agent = strdup(skip_whitespace(iobuf + sizeof("User-Agent:")-1));
+                               user_agent = xstrdup(skip_whitespace(iobuf + sizeof("User-Agent:")-1));
+                       } else if (STRNCASECMP(iobuf, "Host:") == 0) {
+                               host = xstrdup(skip_whitespace(iobuf + sizeof("Host:")-1));
+                       } else if (STRNCASECMP(iobuf, "Accept:") == 0) {
+                               http_accept = xstrdup(skip_whitespace(iobuf + sizeof("Accept:")-1));
+                       } else if (STRNCASECMP(iobuf, "Accept-Language:") == 0) {
+                               http_accept_language = xstrdup(skip_whitespace(iobuf + sizeof("Accept-Language:")-1));
                        }
 #endif
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH
                        if (STRNCASECMP(iobuf, "Authorization:") == 0) {
                                /* We only allow Basic credentials.
-                                * It shows up as "Authorization: Basic <userid:password>" where
-                                * the userid:password is base64 encoded.
+                                * It shows up as "Authorization: Basic <user>:<passwd>" where
+                                * "<user>:<passwd>" is base64 encoded.
                                 */
                                tptr = skip_whitespace(iobuf + sizeof("Authorization:")-1);
                                if (STRNCASECMP(tptr, "Basic") != 0)
@@ -1987,9 +2176,9 @@ static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
                                tptr += sizeof("Basic")-1;
                                /* decodeBase64() skips whitespace itself */
                                decodeBase64(tptr);
-                               credentials = checkPerm(urlcopy, tptr);
+                               authorized = check_user_passwd(urlcopy, tptr);
                        }
-#endif          /* FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH */
+#endif
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_RANGES
                        if (STRNCASECMP(iobuf, "Range:") == 0) {
                                /* We know only bytes=NNN-[MMM] */
@@ -1998,30 +2187,50 @@ static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
                                        s += sizeof("bytes=")-1;
                                        range_start = BB_STRTOOFF(s, &s, 10);
                                        if (s[0] != '-' || range_start < 0) {
-                                               range_start = 0;
+                                               range_start = -1;
                                        } else if (s[1]) {
                                                range_end = BB_STRTOOFF(s+1, NULL, 10);
                                                if (errno || range_end < range_start)
-                                                       range_start = 0;
+                                                       range_start = -1;
                                        }
                                }
                        }
 #endif
+#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_GZIP
+                       if (STRNCASECMP(iobuf, "Accept-Encoding:") == 0) {
+                               /* Note: we do not support "gzip;q=0"
+                                * method of _disabling_ gzip
+                                * delivery. No one uses that, though */
+                               const char *s = strstr(iobuf, "gzip");
+                               if (s) {
+                                       // want more thorough checks?
+                                       //if (s[-1] == ' '
+                                       // || s[-1] == ','
+                                       // || s[-1] == ':'
+                                       //) {
+                                               content_gzip = 1;
+                                       //}
+                               }
+                       }
+#endif
                } /* while extra header reading */
        }
 
        /* We are done reading headers, disable peer timeout */
        alarm(0);
 
-       if (strcmp(bb_basename(urlcopy), httpd_conf) == 0 || ip_allowed == 0) {
-               /* protect listing [/path]/httpd_conf or IP deny */
+       if (strcmp(bb_basename(urlcopy), HTTPD_CONF) == 0 || !ip_allowed) {
+               /* protect listing [/path]/httpd.conf or IP deny */
                send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_FORBIDDEN);
        }
 
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH
-       if (credentials <= 0 && checkPerm(urlcopy, ":") == 0) {
+       /* Case: no "Authorization:" was seen, but page might require passwd.
+        * Check that with dummy user:pass */
+       if (authorized < 0)
+               authorized = check_user_passwd(urlcopy, (char *) "");
+       if (!authorized)
                send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED);
-       }
 #endif
 
        if (found_moved_temporarily) {
@@ -2039,7 +2248,7 @@ static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
                lsa = host2sockaddr(proxy_entry->host_port, 80);
                if (lsa == NULL)
                        send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
-               if (connect(proxy_fd, &lsa->sa, lsa->len) < 0)
+               if (connect(proxy_fd, &lsa->u.sa, lsa->len) < 0)
                        send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
                fdprintf(proxy_fd, "%s %s%s%s%s HTTP/%c.%c\r\n",
                                prequest, /* GET or POST */
@@ -2053,8 +2262,7 @@ static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
                header_ptr += 2;
                write(proxy_fd, header_buf, header_ptr - header_buf);
                free(header_buf); /* on the order of 8k, free it */
-               /* cgi_io_loop_and_exit needs to have two disctinct fds */
-               cgi_io_loop_and_exit(proxy_fd, dup(proxy_fd), length);
+               cgi_io_loop_and_exit(proxy_fd, proxy_fd, length);
        }
 #endif
 
@@ -2066,29 +2274,32 @@ static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
                        /* protect listing "cgi-bin/" */
                        send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_FORBIDDEN);
                }
-               send_cgi_and_exit(urlcopy, prequest, length, cookie, content_type);
+               send_cgi_and_exit(urlcopy, urlcopy, prequest, length, cookie, content_type);
+       }
+#endif
+
+       if (urlp[-1] == '/') {
+               /* When index_page string is appended to <dir>/ URL, it overwrites
+                * the query string. If we fall back to call /cgi-bin/index.cgi,
+                * query string would be lost and not available to the CGI.
+                * Work around it by making a deep copy.
+                */
+               if (ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CGI)
+                       g_query = xstrdup(g_query); /* ok for NULL too */
+               strcpy(urlp, index_page);
        }
+       if (stat(tptr, &sb) == 0) {
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CONFIG_WITH_SCRIPT_INTERPR
-       {
                char *suffix = strrchr(tptr, '.');
                if (suffix) {
                        Htaccess *cur;
                        for (cur = script_i; cur; cur = cur->next) {
                                if (strcmp(cur->before_colon + 1, suffix) == 0) {
-                                       send_cgi_and_exit(urlcopy, prequest, length, cookie, content_type);
+                                       send_cgi_and_exit(urlcopy, urlcopy, prequest, length, cookie, content_type);
                                }
                        }
                }
-       }
 #endif
-       if (prequest != request_GET) {
-               send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_NOT_IMPLEMENTED);
-       }
-#endif  /* FEATURE_HTTPD_CGI */
-
-       if (urlp[-1] == '/')
-               strcpy(urlp, "index.html");
-       if (stat(tptr, &sb) == 0) {
                file_size = sb.st_size;
                last_mod = sb.st_mtime;
        }
@@ -2097,18 +2308,22 @@ static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
                /* It's a dir URL and there is no index.html
                 * Try cgi-bin/index.cgi */
                if (access("/cgi-bin/index.cgi"+1, X_OK) == 0) {
-                       urlp[0] = '\0';
-                       g_query = urlcopy;
-                       send_cgi_and_exit("/cgi-bin/index.cgi", prequest, length, cookie, content_type);
+                       urlp[0] = '\0'; /* remove index_page */
+                       send_cgi_and_exit("/cgi-bin/index.cgi", urlcopy, prequest, length, cookie, content_type);
                }
        }
-#endif
-       /* else {
-        *      fall through to send_file, it errors out if open fails
-        * }
-        */
+       /* else fall through to send_file, it errors out if open fails: */
 
-       send_file_and_exit(tptr, TRUE);
+       if (prequest != request_GET && prequest != request_HEAD) {
+               /* POST for files does not make sense */
+               send_headers_and_exit(HTTP_NOT_IMPLEMENTED);
+       }
+       send_file_and_exit(tptr,
+               (prequest != request_HEAD ? SEND_HEADERS_AND_BODY : SEND_HEADERS)
+       );
+#else
+       send_file_and_exit(tptr, SEND_HEADERS_AND_BODY);
+#endif
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2118,7 +2333,7 @@ static void handle_incoming_and_exit(const len_and_sockaddr *fromAddr)
  * Never returns.
  */
 #if BB_MMU
-static void mini_httpd(int server_socket) ATTRIBUTE_NORETURN;
+static void mini_httpd(int server_socket) NORETURN;
 static void mini_httpd(int server_socket)
 {
        /* NB: it's best to not use xfuncs in this loop before fork().
@@ -2132,19 +2347,17 @@ static void mini_httpd(int server_socket)
 
                /* Wait for connections... */
                fromAddr.len = LSA_SIZEOF_SA;
-               n = accept(server_socket, &fromAddr.sa, &fromAddr.len);
-
+               n = accept(server_socket, &fromAddr.u.sa, &fromAddr.len);
                if (n < 0)
                        continue;
+
                /* set the KEEPALIVE option to cull dead connections */
                setsockopt(n, SOL_SOCKET, SO_KEEPALIVE, &const_int_1, sizeof(const_int_1));
 
                if (fork() == 0) {
                        /* child */
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_RELOAD_CONFIG_SIGHUP
                        /* Do not reload config on HUP */
                        signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN);
-#endif
                        close(server_socket);
                        xmove_fd(n, 0);
                        xdup2(0, 1);
@@ -2157,7 +2370,7 @@ static void mini_httpd(int server_socket)
        /* never reached */
 }
 #else
-static void mini_httpd_nommu(int server_socket, int argc, char **argv) ATTRIBUTE_NORETURN;
+static void mini_httpd_nommu(int server_socket, int argc, char **argv) NORETURN;
 static void mini_httpd_nommu(int server_socket, int argc, char **argv)
 {
        char *argv_copy[argc + 2];
@@ -2177,19 +2390,17 @@ static void mini_httpd_nommu(int server_socket, int argc, char **argv)
 
                /* Wait for connections... */
                fromAddr.len = LSA_SIZEOF_SA;
-               n = accept(server_socket, &fromAddr.sa, &fromAddr.len);
-
+               n = accept(server_socket, &fromAddr.u.sa, &fromAddr.len);
                if (n < 0)
                        continue;
+
                /* set the KEEPALIVE option to cull dead connections */
                setsockopt(n, SOL_SOCKET, SO_KEEPALIVE, &const_int_1, sizeof(const_int_1));
 
                if (vfork() == 0) {
                        /* child */
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_RELOAD_CONFIG_SIGHUP
                        /* Do not reload config on HUP */
                        signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN);
-#endif
                        close(server_socket);
                        xmove_fd(n, 0);
                        xdup2(0, 1);
@@ -2197,6 +2408,7 @@ static void mini_httpd_nommu(int server_socket, int argc, char **argv)
                        /* Run a copy of ourself in inetd mode */
                        re_exec(argv_copy);
                }
+               argv_copy[0][0] &= 0x7f;
                /* parent, or vfork failed */
                close(n);
        } /* while (1) */
@@ -2208,39 +2420,31 @@ static void mini_httpd_nommu(int server_socket, int argc, char **argv)
  * Process a HTTP connection on stdin/out.
  * Never returns.
  */
-static void mini_httpd_inetd(void) ATTRIBUTE_NORETURN;
+static void mini_httpd_inetd(void) NORETURN;
 static void mini_httpd_inetd(void)
 {
        len_and_sockaddr fromAddr;
 
+       memset(&fromAddr, 0, sizeof(fromAddr));
        fromAddr.len = LSA_SIZEOF_SA;
-       getpeername(0, &fromAddr.sa, &fromAddr.len);
+       /* NB: can fail if user runs it by hand and types in http cmds */
+       getpeername(0, &fromAddr.u.sa, &fromAddr.len);
        handle_incoming_and_exit(&fromAddr);
 }
 
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_RELOAD_CONFIG_SIGHUP
-static void sighup_handler(int sig)
+static void sighup_handler(int sig UNUSED_PARAM)
 {
-       struct sigaction sa;
-
-       parse_conf(default_path_httpd_conf, sig == SIGHUP ? SIGNALED_PARSE : FIRST_PARSE);
-
-       memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
-       sa.sa_handler = sighup_handler;
-       /*sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask); - memset should be enough */
-       sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
-       sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa, NULL);
+       parse_conf(DEFAULT_PATH_HTTPD_CONF, SIGNALED_PARSE);
 }
-#endif
 
 enum {
        c_opt_config_file = 0,
        d_opt_decode_url,
        h_opt_home_httpd,
-       USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_ENCODE_URL_STR(e_opt_encode_url,)
-       USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH(    r_opt_realm     ,)
-       USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_AUTH_MD5(      m_opt_md5       ,)
-       USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_SETUID(        u_opt_setuid    ,)
+       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_ENCODE_URL_STR(e_opt_encode_url,)
+       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH(    r_opt_realm     ,)
+       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_AUTH_MD5(      m_opt_md5       ,)
+       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_SETUID(        u_opt_setuid    ,)
        p_opt_port      ,
        p_opt_inetd     ,
        p_opt_foreground,
@@ -2248,10 +2452,10 @@ enum {
        OPT_CONFIG_FILE = 1 << c_opt_config_file,
        OPT_DECODE_URL  = 1 << d_opt_decode_url,
        OPT_HOME_HTTPD  = 1 << h_opt_home_httpd,
-       OPT_ENCODE_URL  = USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_ENCODE_URL_STR((1 << e_opt_encode_url)) + 0,
-       OPT_REALM       = USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH(    (1 << r_opt_realm     )) + 0,
-       OPT_MD5         = USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_AUTH_MD5(      (1 << m_opt_md5       )) + 0,
-       OPT_SETUID      = USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_SETUID(        (1 << u_opt_setuid    )) + 0,
+       OPT_ENCODE_URL  = IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_ENCODE_URL_STR((1 << e_opt_encode_url)) + 0,
+       OPT_REALM       = IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH(    (1 << r_opt_realm     )) + 0,
+       OPT_MD5         = IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_AUTH_MD5(      (1 << m_opt_md5       )) + 0,
+       OPT_SETUID      = IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_SETUID(        (1 << u_opt_setuid    )) + 0,
        OPT_PORT        = 1 << p_opt_port,
        OPT_INETD       = 1 << p_opt_inetd,
        OPT_FOREGROUND  = 1 << p_opt_foreground,
@@ -2260,15 +2464,15 @@ enum {
 
 
 int httpd_main(int argc, char **argv) MAIN_EXTERNALLY_VISIBLE;
-int httpd_main(int argc, char **argv)
+int httpd_main(int argc UNUSED_PARAM, char **argv)
 {
        int server_socket = server_socket; /* for gcc */
        unsigned opt;
        char *url_for_decode;
-       USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_ENCODE_URL_STR(const char *url_for_encode;)
-       USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_SETUID(const char *s_ugid = NULL;)
-       USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_SETUID(struct bb_uidgid_t ugid;)
-       USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_AUTH_MD5(const char *pass;)
+       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_ENCODE_URL_STR(const char *url_for_encode;)
+       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_SETUID(const char *s_ugid = NULL;)
+       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_SETUID(struct bb_uidgid_t ugid;)
+       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_AUTH_MD5(const char *pass;)
 
        INIT_G();
 
@@ -2281,24 +2485,24 @@ int httpd_main(int argc, char **argv)
        /* -v counts, -i implies -f */
        opt_complementary = "vv:if";
        /* We do not "absolutize" path given by -h (home) opt.
-        * If user gives relative path in -h, $SCRIPT_FILENAME can end up
-        * relative too. */
+        * If user gives relative path in -h,
+        * $SCRIPT_FILENAME will not be set. */
        opt = getopt32(argv, "c:d:h:"
-                       USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_ENCODE_URL_STR("e:")
-                       USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH("r:")
-                       USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_AUTH_MD5("m:")
-                       USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_SETUID("u:")
+                       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_ENCODE_URL_STR("e:")
+                       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH("r:")
+                       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_AUTH_MD5("m:")
+                       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_SETUID("u:")
                        "p:ifv",
-                       &configFile, &url_for_decode, &home_httpd
-                       USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_ENCODE_URL_STR(, &url_for_encode)
-                       USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH(, &g_realm)
-                       USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_AUTH_MD5(, &pass)
-                       USE_FEATURE_HTTPD_SETUID(, &s_ugid)
+                       &opt_c_configFile, &url_for_decode, &home_httpd
+                       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_ENCODE_URL_STR(, &url_for_encode)
+                       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH(, &g_realm)
+                       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_AUTH_MD5(, &pass)
+                       IF_FEATURE_HTTPD_SETUID(, &s_ugid)
                        , &bind_addr_or_port
                        , &verbose
                );
        if (opt & OPT_DECODE_URL) {
-               fputs(decodeString(url_for_decode, 1), stdout);
+               fputs(percent_decode_in_place(url_for_decode, /*strict:*/ 0), stdout);
                return 0;
        }
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_ENCODE_URL_STR
@@ -2309,15 +2513,18 @@ int httpd_main(int argc, char **argv)
 #endif
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_AUTH_MD5
        if (opt & OPT_MD5) {
-               puts(pw_encrypt(pass, "$1$"));
+               char salt[sizeof("$1$XXXXXXXX")];
+               salt[0] = '$';
+               salt[1] = '1';
+               salt[2] = '$';
+               crypt_make_salt(salt + 3, 4);
+               puts(pw_encrypt(pass, salt, /*cleanup:*/ 0));
                return 0;
        }
 #endif
 #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_SETUID
        if (opt & OPT_SETUID) {
-               if (!get_uidgid(&ugid, s_ugid, 1))
-                       bb_error_msg_and_die("unrecognized user[:group] "
-                                               "name '%s'", s_ugid);
+               xget_uidgid(&ugid, s_ugid);
        }
 #endif
 
@@ -2344,7 +2551,7 @@ int httpd_main(int argc, char **argv)
 #endif
        }
 
-#if 0 /*was #if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_CGI*/
+#if 0
        /* User can do it himself: 'env - PATH="$PATH" httpd'
         * We don't do it because we don't want to screw users
         * which want to do
@@ -2353,7 +2560,7 @@ int httpd_main(int argc, char **argv)
         * Besides, it is also smaller. */
        {
                char *p = getenv("PATH");
-               /* env strings themself are not freed, no need to strdup(p): */
+               /* env strings themself are not freed, no need to xstrdup(p): */
                clearenv();
                if (p)
                        putenv(p - 5);
@@ -2362,12 +2569,9 @@ int httpd_main(int argc, char **argv)
        }
 #endif
 
-#if ENABLE_FEATURE_HTTPD_RELOAD_CONFIG_SIGHUP
+       parse_conf(DEFAULT_PATH_HTTPD_CONF, FIRST_PARSE);
        if (!(opt & OPT_INETD))
-               sighup_handler(0);
-       else /* do not install HUP handler in inetd mode */
-#endif
-               parse_conf(default_path_httpd_conf, FIRST_PARSE);
+               signal(SIGHUP, sighup_handler);
 
        xfunc_error_retval = 0;
        if (opt & OPT_INETD)