* Attach the anon_vmas from src to dst.
* Returns 0 on success, -ENOMEM on failure.
*
- * anon_vma_clone() is called by __vma_adjust(), __split_vma(), copy_vma() and
- * anon_vma_fork(). The first three want an exact copy of src, while the last
- * one, anon_vma_fork(), may try to reuse an existing anon_vma to prevent
- * endless growth of anon_vma. Since dst->anon_vma is set to NULL before call,
- * we can identify this case by checking (!dst->anon_vma && src->anon_vma).
+ * anon_vma_clone() is called by vma_expand(), vma_merge(), __split_vma(),
+ * copy_vma() and anon_vma_fork(). The first four want an exact copy of src,
+ * while the last one, anon_vma_fork(), may try to reuse an existing anon_vma to
+ * prevent endless growth of anon_vma. Since dst->anon_vma is set to NULL before
+ * call, we can identify this case by checking (!dst->anon_vma &&
+ * src->anon_vma).
*
* If (!dst->anon_vma && src->anon_vma) is true, this function tries to find
* and reuse existing anon_vma which has no vmas and only one child anon_vma.
}
if (pvmw.pte) {
- if (lru_gen_enabled() && pte_young(*pvmw.pte) &&
- !(vma->vm_flags & (VM_SEQ_READ | VM_RAND_READ))) {
+ if (lru_gen_enabled() && pte_young(*pvmw.pte)) {
lru_gen_look_around(&pvmw);
referenced++;
}
if (ptep_clear_flush_young_notify(vma, address,
- pvmw.pte)) {
- /*
- * Don't treat a reference through
- * a sequentially read mapping as such.
- * If the folio has been used in another mapping,
- * we will catch it; if this other mapping is
- * already gone, the unmap path will have set
- * the referenced flag or activated the folio.
- */
- if (likely(!(vma->vm_flags & VM_SEQ_READ)))
- referenced++;
- }
+ pvmw.pte))
+ referenced++;
} else if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE)) {
if (pmdp_clear_flush_young_notify(vma, address,
pvmw.pmd))
struct folio_referenced_arg *pra = arg;
struct mem_cgroup *memcg = pra->memcg;
- if (!mm_match_cgroup(vma->vm_mm, memcg))
+ /*
+ * Ignore references from this mapping if it has no recency. If the
+ * folio has been used in another mapping, we will catch it; if this
+ * other mapping is already gone, the unmap path will have set the
+ * referenced flag or activated the folio in zap_pte_range().
+ */
+ if (!vma_has_recency(vma))
+ return true;
+
+ /*
+ * If we are reclaiming on behalf of a cgroup, skip counting on behalf
+ * of references from different cgroups.
+ */
+ if (memcg && !mm_match_cgroup(vma->vm_mm, memcg))
return true;
return false;
.arg = (void *)&pra,
.anon_lock = folio_lock_anon_vma_read,
.try_lock = true,
+ .invalid_vma = invalid_folio_referenced_vma,
};
*vm_flags = 0;
return 1;
}
- /*
- * If we are reclaiming on behalf of a cgroup, skip
- * counting on behalf of references from different
- * cgroups
- */
- if (memcg) {
- rwc.invalid_vma = invalid_folio_referenced_vma;
- }
-
rmap_walk(folio, &rwc);
*vm_flags = pra.vm_flags;
* We have to assume the worse case ie pmd for invalidation. Note that
* the folio can not be freed from this function.
*/
- mmu_notifier_range_init(&range, MMU_NOTIFY_PROTECTION_PAGE,
- 0, vma, vma->vm_mm, address,
- vma_address_end(pvmw));
+ mmu_notifier_range_init(&range, MMU_NOTIFY_PROTECTION_PAGE, 0,
+ vma->vm_mm, address, vma_address_end(pvmw));
mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(&range);
while (page_vma_mapped_walk(pvmw)) {
return page_vma_mkclean_one(&pvmw);
}
-int total_compound_mapcount(struct page *head)
+int folio_total_mapcount(struct folio *folio)
{
- int mapcount = head_compound_mapcount(head);
- int nr_subpages;
+ int mapcount = folio_entire_mapcount(folio);
+ int nr_pages;
int i;
- /* In the common case, avoid the loop when no subpages mapped by PTE */
- if (head_subpages_mapcount(head) == 0)
+ /* In the common case, avoid the loop when no pages mapped by PTE */
+ if (folio_nr_pages_mapped(folio) == 0)
return mapcount;
/*
- * Add all the PTE mappings of those subpages mapped by PTE.
- * Limit the loop, knowing that only subpages_mapcount are mapped?
+ * Add all the PTE mappings of those pages mapped by PTE.
+ * Limit the loop to folio_nr_pages_mapped()?
* Perhaps: given all the raciness, that may be a good or a bad idea.
*/
- nr_subpages = thp_nr_pages(head);
- for (i = 0; i < nr_subpages; i++)
- mapcount += atomic_read(&head[i]._mapcount);
+ nr_pages = folio_nr_pages(folio);
+ for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++)
+ mapcount += atomic_read(&folio_page(folio, i)->_mapcount);
/* But each of those _mapcounts was based on -1 */
- mapcount += nr_subpages;
+ mapcount += nr_pages;
return mapcount;
}
/**
* __page_set_anon_rmap - set up new anonymous rmap
- * @page: Page or Hugepage to add to rmap
+ * @folio: Folio which contains page.
+ * @page: Page to add to rmap.
* @vma: VM area to add page to.
* @address: User virtual address of the mapping
* @exclusive: the page is exclusively owned by the current process
*/
-static void __page_set_anon_rmap(struct page *page,
+static void __page_set_anon_rmap(struct folio *folio, struct page *page,
struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address, int exclusive)
{
struct anon_vma *anon_vma = vma->anon_vma;
BUG_ON(!anon_vma);
- if (PageAnon(page))
+ if (folio_test_anon(folio))
goto out;
/*
anon_vma = anon_vma->root;
/*
- * page_idle does a lockless/optimistic rmap scan on page->mapping.
+ * page_idle does a lockless/optimistic rmap scan on folio->mapping.
* Make sure the compiler doesn't split the stores of anon_vma and
* the PAGE_MAPPING_ANON type identifier, otherwise the rmap code
* could mistake the mapping for a struct address_space and crash.
*/
anon_vma = (void *) anon_vma + PAGE_MAPPING_ANON;
- WRITE_ONCE(page->mapping, (struct address_space *) anon_vma);
- page->index = linear_page_index(vma, address);
+ WRITE_ONCE(folio->mapping, (struct address_space *) anon_vma);
+ folio->index = linear_page_index(vma, address);
out:
if (exclusive)
SetPageAnonExclusive(page);
* and to ensure that PageAnon is not being upgraded racily to PageKsm
* (but PageKsm is never downgraded to PageAnon).
*/
-void page_add_anon_rmap(struct page *page,
- struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address, rmap_t flags)
+void page_add_anon_rmap(struct page *page, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
+ unsigned long address, rmap_t flags)
{
- atomic_t *mapped;
+ struct folio *folio = page_folio(page);
+ atomic_t *mapped = &folio->_nr_pages_mapped;
int nr = 0, nr_pmdmapped = 0;
bool compound = flags & RMAP_COMPOUND;
bool first = true;
- if (unlikely(PageKsm(page)))
- lock_page_memcg(page);
-
/* Is page being mapped by PTE? Is this its first map to be added? */
if (likely(!compound)) {
first = atomic_inc_and_test(&page->_mapcount);
nr = first;
- if (first && PageCompound(page)) {
- mapped = subpages_mapcount_ptr(compound_head(page));
+ if (first && folio_test_large(folio)) {
nr = atomic_inc_return_relaxed(mapped);
nr = (nr < COMPOUND_MAPPED);
}
- } else if (PageTransHuge(page)) {
+ } else if (folio_test_pmd_mappable(folio)) {
/* That test is redundant: it's for safety or to optimize out */
- first = atomic_inc_and_test(compound_mapcount_ptr(page));
+ first = atomic_inc_and_test(&folio->_entire_mapcount);
if (first) {
- mapped = subpages_mapcount_ptr(page);
nr = atomic_add_return_relaxed(COMPOUND_MAPPED, mapped);
if (likely(nr < COMPOUND_MAPPED + COMPOUND_MAPPED)) {
- nr_pmdmapped = thp_nr_pages(page);
- nr = nr_pmdmapped - (nr & SUBPAGES_MAPPED);
+ nr_pmdmapped = folio_nr_pages(folio);
+ nr = nr_pmdmapped - (nr & FOLIO_PAGES_MAPPED);
/* Raced ahead of a remove and another add? */
if (unlikely(nr < 0))
nr = 0;
VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!first && PageAnonExclusive(page), page);
if (nr_pmdmapped)
- __mod_lruvec_page_state(page, NR_ANON_THPS, nr_pmdmapped);
+ __lruvec_stat_mod_folio(folio, NR_ANON_THPS, nr_pmdmapped);
if (nr)
- __mod_lruvec_page_state(page, NR_ANON_MAPPED, nr);
+ __lruvec_stat_mod_folio(folio, NR_ANON_MAPPED, nr);
- if (unlikely(PageKsm(page)))
- unlock_page_memcg(page);
-
- /* address might be in next vma when migration races vma_adjust */
- else if (first)
- __page_set_anon_rmap(page, vma, address,
- !!(flags & RMAP_EXCLUSIVE));
- else
- __page_check_anon_rmap(page, vma, address);
+ if (likely(!folio_test_ksm(folio))) {
+ /* address might be in next vma when migration races vma_merge */
+ if (first)
+ __page_set_anon_rmap(folio, page, vma, address,
+ !!(flags & RMAP_EXCLUSIVE));
+ else
+ __page_check_anon_rmap(page, vma, address);
+ }
- mlock_vma_page(page, vma, compound);
+ mlock_vma_folio(folio, vma, compound);
}
/**
- * page_add_new_anon_rmap - add mapping to a new anonymous page
- * @page: the page to add the mapping to
+ * folio_add_new_anon_rmap - Add mapping to a new anonymous folio.
+ * @folio: The folio to add the mapping to.
* @vma: the vm area in which the mapping is added
* @address: the user virtual address mapped
*
- * If it's a compound page, it is accounted as a compound page. As the page
- * is new, it's assume to get mapped exclusively by a single process.
- *
- * Same as page_add_anon_rmap but must only be called on *new* pages.
+ * Like page_add_anon_rmap() but must only be called on *new* folios.
* This means the inc-and-test can be bypassed.
- * Page does not have to be locked.
+ * The folio does not have to be locked.
+ *
+ * If the folio is large, it is accounted as a THP. As the folio
+ * is new, it's assumed to be mapped exclusively by a single process.
*/
-void page_add_new_anon_rmap(struct page *page,
- struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address)
+void folio_add_new_anon_rmap(struct folio *folio, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
+ unsigned long address)
{
int nr;
VM_BUG_ON_VMA(address < vma->vm_start || address >= vma->vm_end, vma);
- __SetPageSwapBacked(page);
+ __folio_set_swapbacked(folio);
- if (likely(!PageCompound(page))) {
+ if (likely(!folio_test_pmd_mappable(folio))) {
/* increment count (starts at -1) */
- atomic_set(&page->_mapcount, 0);
+ atomic_set(&folio->_mapcount, 0);
nr = 1;
} else {
- VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageTransHuge(page), page);
/* increment count (starts at -1) */
- atomic_set(compound_mapcount_ptr(page), 0);
- atomic_set(subpages_mapcount_ptr(page), COMPOUND_MAPPED);
- nr = thp_nr_pages(page);
- __mod_lruvec_page_state(page, NR_ANON_THPS, nr);
+ atomic_set(&folio->_entire_mapcount, 0);
+ atomic_set(&folio->_nr_pages_mapped, COMPOUND_MAPPED);
+ nr = folio_nr_pages(folio);
+ __lruvec_stat_mod_folio(folio, NR_ANON_THPS, nr);
}
- __mod_lruvec_page_state(page, NR_ANON_MAPPED, nr);
- __page_set_anon_rmap(page, vma, address, 1);
+ __lruvec_stat_mod_folio(folio, NR_ANON_MAPPED, nr);
+ __page_set_anon_rmap(folio, &folio->page, vma, address, 1);
}
/**
*
* The caller needs to hold the pte lock.
*/
-void page_add_file_rmap(struct page *page,
- struct vm_area_struct *vma, bool compound)
+void page_add_file_rmap(struct page *page, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
+ bool compound)
{
- atomic_t *mapped;
+ struct folio *folio = page_folio(page);
+ atomic_t *mapped = &folio->_nr_pages_mapped;
int nr = 0, nr_pmdmapped = 0;
bool first;
VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(compound && !PageTransHuge(page), page);
- lock_page_memcg(page);
/* Is page being mapped by PTE? Is this its first map to be added? */
if (likely(!compound)) {
first = atomic_inc_and_test(&page->_mapcount);
nr = first;
- if (first && PageCompound(page)) {
- mapped = subpages_mapcount_ptr(compound_head(page));
+ if (first && folio_test_large(folio)) {
nr = atomic_inc_return_relaxed(mapped);
nr = (nr < COMPOUND_MAPPED);
}
- } else if (PageTransHuge(page)) {
+ } else if (folio_test_pmd_mappable(folio)) {
/* That test is redundant: it's for safety or to optimize out */
- first = atomic_inc_and_test(compound_mapcount_ptr(page));
+ first = atomic_inc_and_test(&folio->_entire_mapcount);
if (first) {
- mapped = subpages_mapcount_ptr(page);
nr = atomic_add_return_relaxed(COMPOUND_MAPPED, mapped);
if (likely(nr < COMPOUND_MAPPED + COMPOUND_MAPPED)) {
- nr_pmdmapped = thp_nr_pages(page);
- nr = nr_pmdmapped - (nr & SUBPAGES_MAPPED);
+ nr_pmdmapped = folio_nr_pages(folio);
+ nr = nr_pmdmapped - (nr & FOLIO_PAGES_MAPPED);
/* Raced ahead of a remove and another add? */
if (unlikely(nr < 0))
nr = 0;
}
if (nr_pmdmapped)
- __mod_lruvec_page_state(page, PageSwapBacked(page) ?
+ __lruvec_stat_mod_folio(folio, folio_test_swapbacked(folio) ?
NR_SHMEM_PMDMAPPED : NR_FILE_PMDMAPPED, nr_pmdmapped);
if (nr)
- __mod_lruvec_page_state(page, NR_FILE_MAPPED, nr);
- unlock_page_memcg(page);
+ __lruvec_stat_mod_folio(folio, NR_FILE_MAPPED, nr);
- mlock_vma_page(page, vma, compound);
+ mlock_vma_folio(folio, vma, compound);
}
/**
*
* The caller needs to hold the pte lock.
*/
-void page_remove_rmap(struct page *page,
- struct vm_area_struct *vma, bool compound)
+void page_remove_rmap(struct page *page, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
+ bool compound)
{
- atomic_t *mapped;
+ struct folio *folio = page_folio(page);
+ atomic_t *mapped = &folio->_nr_pages_mapped;
int nr = 0, nr_pmdmapped = 0;
bool last;
+ enum node_stat_item idx;
VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(compound && !PageHead(page), page);
/* Hugetlb pages are not counted in NR_*MAPPED */
- if (unlikely(PageHuge(page))) {
+ if (unlikely(folio_test_hugetlb(folio))) {
/* hugetlb pages are always mapped with pmds */
- atomic_dec(compound_mapcount_ptr(page));
+ atomic_dec(&folio->_entire_mapcount);
return;
}
- lock_page_memcg(page);
-
/* Is page being unmapped by PTE? Is this its last map to be removed? */
if (likely(!compound)) {
last = atomic_add_negative(-1, &page->_mapcount);
nr = last;
- if (last && PageCompound(page)) {
- mapped = subpages_mapcount_ptr(compound_head(page));
+ if (last && folio_test_large(folio)) {
nr = atomic_dec_return_relaxed(mapped);
nr = (nr < COMPOUND_MAPPED);
}
- } else if (PageTransHuge(page)) {
+ } else if (folio_test_pmd_mappable(folio)) {
/* That test is redundant: it's for safety or to optimize out */
- last = atomic_add_negative(-1, compound_mapcount_ptr(page));
+ last = atomic_add_negative(-1, &folio->_entire_mapcount);
if (last) {
- mapped = subpages_mapcount_ptr(page);
nr = atomic_sub_return_relaxed(COMPOUND_MAPPED, mapped);
if (likely(nr < COMPOUND_MAPPED)) {
- nr_pmdmapped = thp_nr_pages(page);
- nr = nr_pmdmapped - (nr & SUBPAGES_MAPPED);
+ nr_pmdmapped = folio_nr_pages(folio);
+ nr = nr_pmdmapped - (nr & FOLIO_PAGES_MAPPED);
/* Raced ahead of another remove and an add? */
if (unlikely(nr < 0))
nr = 0;
}
if (nr_pmdmapped) {
- __mod_lruvec_page_state(page, PageAnon(page) ? NR_ANON_THPS :
- (PageSwapBacked(page) ? NR_SHMEM_PMDMAPPED :
- NR_FILE_PMDMAPPED), -nr_pmdmapped);
+ if (folio_test_anon(folio))
+ idx = NR_ANON_THPS;
+ else if (folio_test_swapbacked(folio))
+ idx = NR_SHMEM_PMDMAPPED;
+ else
+ idx = NR_FILE_PMDMAPPED;
+ __lruvec_stat_mod_folio(folio, idx, -nr_pmdmapped);
}
if (nr) {
- __mod_lruvec_page_state(page, PageAnon(page) ? NR_ANON_MAPPED :
- NR_FILE_MAPPED, -nr);
+ idx = folio_test_anon(folio) ? NR_ANON_MAPPED : NR_FILE_MAPPED;
+ __lruvec_stat_mod_folio(folio, idx, -nr);
+
/*
- * Queue anon THP for deferred split if at least one small
- * page of the compound page is unmapped, but at least one
- * small page is still mapped.
+ * Queue anon THP for deferred split if at least one
+ * page of the folio is unmapped and at least one page
+ * is still mapped.
*/
- if (PageTransCompound(page) && PageAnon(page))
+ if (folio_test_pmd_mappable(folio) && folio_test_anon(folio))
if (!compound || nr < nr_pmdmapped)
- deferred_split_huge_page(compound_head(page));
+ deferred_split_folio(folio);
}
/*
- * It would be tidy to reset PageAnon mapping when fully unmapped,
- * but that might overwrite a racing page_add_anon_rmap
- * which increments mapcount after us but sets mapping
- * before us: so leave the reset to free_pages_prepare,
- * and remember that it's only reliable while mapped.
+ * It would be tidy to reset folio_test_anon mapping when fully
+ * unmapped, but that might overwrite a racing page_add_anon_rmap
+ * which increments mapcount after us but sets mapping before us:
+ * so leave the reset to free_pages_prepare, and remember that
+ * it's only reliable while mapped.
*/
- unlock_page_memcg(page);
-
- munlock_vma_page(page, vma, compound);
+ munlock_vma_folio(folio, vma, compound);
}
/*
* try_to_unmap() must hold a reference on the folio.
*/
range.end = vma_address_end(&pvmw);
- mmu_notifier_range_init(&range, MMU_NOTIFY_CLEAR, 0, vma, vma->vm_mm,
+ mmu_notifier_range_init(&range, MMU_NOTIFY_CLEAR, 0, vma->vm_mm,
address, range.end);
if (folio_test_hugetlb(folio)) {
/*
page_vma_mapped_walk_done(&pvmw);
break;
}
- /*
- * Note: We *don't* remember if the page was mapped
- * exclusively in the swap pte if the architecture
- * doesn't support __HAVE_ARCH_PTE_SWP_EXCLUSIVE. In
- * that case, swapin code has to re-determine that
- * manually and might detect the page as possibly
- * shared, for example, if there are other references on
- * the page or if the page is under writeback. We made
- * sure that there are no GUP pins on the page that
- * would rely on it, so for GUP pins this is fine.
- */
if (list_empty(&mm->mmlist)) {
spin_lock(&mmlist_lock);
if (list_empty(&mm->mmlist))
*/
page_remove_rmap(subpage, vma, folio_test_hugetlb(folio));
if (vma->vm_flags & VM_LOCKED)
- mlock_page_drain_local();
+ mlock_drain_local();
folio_put(folio);
}
* try_to_unmap() must hold a reference on the page.
*/
range.end = vma_address_end(&pvmw);
- mmu_notifier_range_init(&range, MMU_NOTIFY_CLEAR, 0, vma, vma->vm_mm,
+ mmu_notifier_range_init(&range, MMU_NOTIFY_CLEAR, 0, vma->vm_mm,
address, range.end);
if (folio_test_hugetlb(folio)) {
/*
} else {
flush_cache_page(vma, address, pte_pfn(*pvmw.pte));
/* Nuke the page table entry. */
- pteval = ptep_clear_flush(vma, address, pvmw.pte);
+ if (should_defer_flush(mm, flags)) {
+ /*
+ * We clear the PTE but do not flush so potentially
+ * a remote CPU could still be writing to the folio.
+ * If the entry was previously clean then the
+ * architecture must guarantee that a clear->dirty
+ * transition on a cached TLB entry is written through
+ * and traps if the PTE is unmapped.
+ */
+ pteval = ptep_get_and_clear(mm, address, pvmw.pte);
+
+ set_tlb_ubc_flush_pending(mm, pte_dirty(pteval));
+ } else {
+ pteval = ptep_clear_flush(vma, address, pvmw.pte);
+ }
}
/* Set the dirty flag on the folio now the pte is gone. */
*/
page_remove_rmap(subpage, vma, folio_test_hugetlb(folio));
if (vma->vm_flags & VM_LOCKED)
- mlock_page_drain_local();
+ mlock_drain_local();
folio_put(folio);
}
/*
* Migration always ignores mlock and only supports TTU_RMAP_LOCKED and
- * TTU_SPLIT_HUGE_PMD and TTU_SYNC flags.
+ * TTU_SPLIT_HUGE_PMD, TTU_SYNC, and TTU_BATCH_FLUSH flags.
*/
if (WARN_ON_ONCE(flags & ~(TTU_RMAP_LOCKED | TTU_SPLIT_HUGE_PMD |
- TTU_SYNC)))
+ TTU_SYNC | TTU_BATCH_FLUSH)))
return;
if (folio_is_zone_device(folio) &&
swp_entry_t entry;
pte_t swp_pte;
- mmu_notifier_range_init_owner(&range, MMU_NOTIFY_EXCLUSIVE, 0, vma,
+ mmu_notifier_range_init_owner(&range, MMU_NOTIFY_EXCLUSIVE, 0,
vma->vm_mm, address, min(vma->vm_end,
address + folio_size(folio)),
args->owner);
void hugepage_add_anon_rmap(struct page *page, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
unsigned long address, rmap_t flags)
{
+ struct folio *folio = page_folio(page);
struct anon_vma *anon_vma = vma->anon_vma;
int first;
- BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page));
+ BUG_ON(!folio_test_locked(folio));
BUG_ON(!anon_vma);
- /* address might be in next vma when migration races vma_adjust */
- first = atomic_inc_and_test(compound_mapcount_ptr(page));
+ /* address might be in next vma when migration races vma_merge */
+ first = atomic_inc_and_test(&folio->_entire_mapcount);
VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!first && (flags & RMAP_EXCLUSIVE), page);
VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!first && PageAnonExclusive(page), page);
if (first)
- __page_set_anon_rmap(page, vma, address,
+ __page_set_anon_rmap(folio, page, vma, address,
!!(flags & RMAP_EXCLUSIVE));
}
-void hugepage_add_new_anon_rmap(struct page *page,
+void hugepage_add_new_anon_rmap(struct folio *folio,
struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address)
{
BUG_ON(address < vma->vm_start || address >= vma->vm_end);
/* increment count (starts at -1) */
- atomic_set(compound_mapcount_ptr(page), 0);
- ClearHPageRestoreReserve(page);
- __page_set_anon_rmap(page, vma, address, 1);
+ atomic_set(&folio->_entire_mapcount, 0);
+ folio_clear_hugetlb_restore_reserve(folio);
+ __page_set_anon_rmap(folio, &folio->page, vma, address, 1);
}
#endif /* CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE */