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file</i> ⟩ | ⟨ <i><br>
pattern</i> ⟩ ...]</p>
-<p style="margin-left:12%;"><b>tar</b> {<b>-c</b>}
+<p style="margin-left:12%;"><b>tar</b> {<b>−c</b>}
[<i>options</i>]
[<i>files </i>| <i>directories</i>] <b><br>
-tar</b> {<b>-r </b>| <b>-u</b>} <b>-f</b>
-<i>archive-file</i> [<i>options</i>]
+tar</b> {<b>−r </b>| <b>−u</b>}
+<b>−f</b> <i>archive-file</i> [<i>options</i>]
[<i>files </i>| <i>directories</i>] <b><br>
-tar</b> {<b>-t </b>| <b>-x</b>} [<i>options</i>]
-[<i>patterns</i>]</p>
+tar</b> {<b>−t </b>| <b>−x</b>}
+[<i>options</i>] [<i>patterns</i>]</p>
<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>DESCRIPTION</b></p>
zip, 7-zip, and shar archives.</p>
<p style="margin-left:6%; margin-top: 1em">The first
-synopsis form shows a ’’bundled’’
+synopsis form shows a ‘‘bundled’’
option word. This usage is provided for compatibility with
historical implementations. See COMPATIBILITY below for
details.</p>
synopsis forms show the preferred usage. The first option to
<b>tar</b> is a mode indicator from the following list:</p>
-<p><b>-c</b></p>
+<p><b>−c</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%; margin-top: 1em">Create a new
archive containing the specified items. The long option form
-is <b>--create</b>.</p>
+is <b>−−create</b>.</p>
-<p><b>-r</b></p>
+<p><b>−r</b></p>
-<p style="margin-left:17%; margin-top: 1em">Like <b>-c</b>,
-but new entries are appended to the archive. Note that this
-only works on uncompressed archives stored in regular files.
-The <b>-f</b> option is required. The long option form is
-<b>--append</b>.</p>
+<p style="margin-left:17%; margin-top: 1em">Like
+<b>−c</b>, but new entries are appended to the
+archive. Note that this only works on uncompressed archives
+stored in regular files. The <b>−f</b> option is
+required. The long option form is
+<b>−−append</b>.</p>
-<p><b>-t</b></p>
+<p><b>−t</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%; margin-top: 1em">List archive
contents to stdout. The long option form is
-<b>--list</b>.</p>
+<b>−−list</b>.</p>
-<p><b>-u</b></p>
+<p><b>−u</b></p>
-<p style="margin-left:17%; margin-top: 1em">Like <b>-r</b>,
-but new entries are added only if they have a modification
-date newer than the corresponding entry in the archive. Note
-that this only works on uncompressed archives stored in
-regular files. The <b>-f</b> option is required. The long
-form is <b>--update</b>.</p>
+<p style="margin-left:17%; margin-top: 1em">Like
+<b>−r</b>, but new entries are added only if they have
+a modification date newer than the corresponding entry in
+the archive. Note that this only works on uncompressed
+archives stored in regular files. The <b>−f</b> option
+is required. The long form is
+<b>−−update</b>.</p>
-<p><b>-x</b></p>
+<p><b>−x</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%; margin-top: 1em">Extract to disk
from the archive. If a file with the same name appears more
than once in the archive, each copy will be extracted, with
later copies overwriting (replacing) earlier copies. The
-long option form is <b>--extract</b>.</p>
+long option form is <b>−−extract</b>.</p>
-<p style="margin-left:6%; margin-top: 1em">In <b>-c</b>,
-<b>-r</b>, or <b>-u</b> mode, each specified file or
-directory is added to the archive in the order specified on
-the command line. By default, the contents of each directory
-are also archived.</p>
+<p style="margin-left:6%; margin-top: 1em">In
+<b>−c</b>, <b>−r</b>, or <b>−u</b> mode,
+each specified file or directory is added to the archive in
+the order specified on the command line. By default, the
+contents of each directory are also archived.</p>
<p style="margin-left:6%; margin-top: 1em">In extract or
list mode, the entire command line is read and parsed before
<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>@</b><i>archive</i></p>
-<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c and r mode only) The
+<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c and r modes only) The
specified archive is opened and the entries in it will be
appended to the current archive. As a simple example,</p>
-<p style="margin-left:24%;"><b>tar -c -f</b> <i>-
-newfile</i> <b>@</b><i>original.tar</i></p>
+<p style="margin-left:24%;"><b>tar −c −f</b>
+<i>- newfile</i> <b>@</b><i>original.tar</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">writes a new archive to
standard output containing a file <i>newfile</i> and all of
the entries from <i>original.tar</i>. In contrast,</p>
-<p style="margin-left:24%;"><b>tar -c -f</b> <i>- newfile
-original.tar</i></p>
+<p style="margin-left:24%;"><b>tar −c −f</b>
+<i>- newfile original.tar</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">creates a new archive with only
two entries. Similarly,</p>
-<p style="margin-left:24%;"><b>tar -czf</b> <i>-</i>
-<b>--format pax @</b><i>-</i></p>
+<p style="margin-left:24%;"><b>tar −czf</b> <i>-</i>
+<b>−−format pax @</b><i>-</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">reads an archive from standard
input (whose format will be determined automatically) and
stdout. In this way, <b>tar</b> can be used to convert
archives from one format to another.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-a</b>,
-<b>--auto-compress</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−a</b>,
+<b>−−auto-compress</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c mode only) Use the archive
suffix to decide a set of the format and the compressions.
As a simple example,</p>
-<p style="margin-left:24%;"><b>tar -a -cf</b>
+<p style="margin-left:24%;"><b>tar −a −cf</b>
<i>archive.tgz source.c source.h</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">creates a new archive with
restricted pax format and gzip compression,</p>
-<p style="margin-left:24%;"><b>tar -a -cf</b>
+<p style="margin-left:24%;"><b>tar −a −cf</b>
<i>archive.tar.bz2.uu source.c source.h</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">creates a new archive with
restricted pax format and bzip2 compression and uuencode
compression,</p>
-<p style="margin-left:24%;"><b>tar -a -cf</b>
+<p style="margin-left:24%;"><b>tar −a −cf</b>
<i>archive.zip source.c source.h</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">creates a new archive with zip
format,</p>
-<p style="margin-left:24%;"><b>tar -a -jcf</b>
+<p style="margin-left:24%;"><b>tar −a −jcf</b>
<i>archive.tgz source.c source.h</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">ignores the
-’’-j’’ option, and creates a new
+‘‘-j’’ option, and creates a new
archive with restricted pax format and gzip compression,</p>
-<p style="margin-left:24%;"><b>tar -a -jcf</b>
+<p style="margin-left:24%;"><b>tar −a −jcf</b>
<i>archive.xxx source.c source.h</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">if it is unknown suffix or no
suffix, creates a new archive with restricted pax format and
bzip2 compression.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-B</b>,
-<b>--read-full-blocks</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−acls</b></p>
+
+<p style="margin-left:17%; margin-top: 1em">(c, r, u, x
+modes only) Archive or extract POSIX.1e or NFSv4 ACLs. This
+is the reverse of <b>−−no-acls</b> and the
+default behavior in c, r, and u modes (except Mac OS X) or
+if <b>tar</b> is run in x mode as root. On Mac OS X this
+option translates extended ACLs to NFSv4 ACLs. To store
+extended ACLs the <b>−−mac-metadata</b> option
+is preferred.</p>
+
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−B</b>,
+<b>−−read-full-blocks</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">Ignored for compatibility with
other tar(1) implementations.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-b</b> <i>blocksize</i>,
-<b>--block-size</b> <i>blocksize</i></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−b</b>
+<i>blocksize</i>, <b>−−block-size</b>
+<i>blocksize</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">Specify the block size, in
512-byte records, for tape drive I/O. As a rule, this
drives, and usually not even then as the default block size
of 20 records (10240 bytes) is very common.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-C</b> <i>directory</i>,
-<b>--cd</b> <i>directory</i>, <b>--directory</b>
-<i>directory</i></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−C</b>
+<i>directory</i>, <b>−−cd</b> <i>directory</i>,
+<b>−−directory</b> <i>directory</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">In c and r mode, this changes
the directory before adding the following files. In x mode,
change directories after opening the archive but before
extracting entries from the archive.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--chroot</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−chroot</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(x mode only) <b>chroot</b>()
-to the current directory after processing any <b>-C</b>
-options and before extracting any files.</p>
+to the current directory after processing any
+<b>−C</b> options and before extracting any files.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--clear-nochange-fflags</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−clear-nochange-fflags</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(x mode only) Before removing
file system objects to replace them, clear platform-specific
file flags that might prevent removal.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--disable-copyfile</b></p>
-
-<p style="margin-left:17%;">Mac OS X specific. Disable the
-use of copyfile(3).</p>
-
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--exclude</b>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−exclude</b>
<i>pattern</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">Do not process files or
exclusions take precedence over patterns or filenames
specified on the command line.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--format</b>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−fflags</b></p>
+
+<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c, r, u, x modes only) Archive
+or extract file flags. This is the reverse of
+<b>−−no-fflags</b> and the default behavior in
+c, r, and u modes or if <b>tar</b> is run in x mode as
+root.</p>
+
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−format</b>
<i>format</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c, r, u mode only) Use the
specified format for the created archive. Supported formats
-include ’’cpio’’,
-’’pax’’,
-’’shar’’, and
-’’ustar’’. Other formats may also be
+include ‘‘cpio’’,
+‘‘pax’’,
+‘‘shar’’, and
+‘‘ustar’’. Other formats may also be
supported; see libarchive-formats(5) for more information
about currently-supported formats. In r and u modes, when
extending an existing archive, the format specified here
must be compatible with the format of the existing archive
on disk.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-f</b> <i>file</i>,
-<b>--file</b> <i>file</i></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−f</b> <i>file</i>,
+<b>−−file</b> <i>file</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">Read the archive from or write
the archive to the specified file. The filename can be
<i>/dev/sa0</i>; on Linux, the default is
<i>/dev/st0</i>.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--gid</b> <i>id</i></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−gid</b>
+<i>id</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">Use the provided group id
number. On extract, this overrides the group id in the
archive; the group name in the archive will be ignored. On
create, this overrides the group id read from disk; if
-<b>--gname</b> is not also specified, the group name will be
-set to match the group id.</p>
+<b>−−gname</b> is not also specified, the group
+name will be set to match the group id.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--gname</b> <i>name</i></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−gname</b>
+<i>name</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">Use the provided group name. On
extract, this overrides the group name in the archive; if
the provided group name does not exist on the system, the
-group id (from the archive or from the <b>--gid</b> option)
-will be used instead. On create, this sets the group name
-that will be stored in the archive; the name will not be
-verified against the system group database.</p>
+group id (from the archive or from the
+<b>−−gid</b> option) will be used instead. On
+create, this sets the group name that will be stored in the
+archive; the name will not be verified against the system
+group database.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-H</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−H</b></p>
-<p style="margin-left:17%; margin-top: 1em">(c and r mode
+<p style="margin-left:17%; margin-top: 1em">(c and r modes
only) Symbolic links named on the command line will be
followed; the target of the link will be archived, not the
link itself.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-h</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−h</b></p>
-<p style="margin-left:17%; margin-top: 1em">(c and r mode
-only) Synonym for <b>-L</b>.</p>
+<p style="margin-left:17%; margin-top: 1em">(c and r modes
+only) Synonym for <b>−L</b>.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-I</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−I</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%; margin-top: 1em">Synonym for
-<b>-T</b>.</p>
+<b>−T</b>.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--help</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−help</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%; margin-top: 1em">Show usage.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--hfsCompression</b></p>
-<p style="margin-left:17%;">(x mode only) Mac OS X
-specific(v10.6 or later). Compress extracted regular files
-with HFS+ compression.</p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−hfsCompression</b></p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--ignore-zeros</b></p>
+<p style="margin-left:17%;">(x mode only) Mac OS X specific
+(v10.6 or later). Compress extracted regular files with HFS+
+compression.</p>
-<p style="margin-left:17%;">An alias of <b>--options
-read_concatenated_archives</b> for compatibility with GNU
-tar.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--include</b>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−ignore-zeros</b></p>
+
+<p style="margin-left:17%;">An alias of
+<b>−−options read_concatenated_archives</b> for
+compatibility with GNU tar.</p>
+
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−include</b>
<i>pattern</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">Process only files or
directories that match the specified pattern. Note that
-exclusions specified with <b>--exclude</b> take precedence
-over inclusions. If no inclusions are explicitly specified,
-all entries are processed by default. The <b>--include</b>
-option is especially useful when filtering archives. For
-example, the command</p>
+exclusions specified with <b>−−exclude</b> take
+precedence over inclusions. If no inclusions are explicitly
+specified, all entries are processed by default. The
+<b>−−include</b> option is especially useful
+when filtering archives. For example, the command</p>
-<p style="margin-left:24%;"><b>tar -c -f</b> <i>new.tar</i>
-<b>--include=’*foo*’ @</b><i>old.tgz</i></p>
+<p style="margin-left:24%;"><b>tar −c −f</b>
+<i>new.tar</i> <b>−−include=’*foo*’
+@</b><i>old.tgz</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">creates a new archive
<i>new.tar</i> containing only the entries from
-<i>old.tgz</i> containing the string ’foo’.</p>
+<i>old.tgz</i> containing the string ‘foo’.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-J</b>, <b>--xz</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−J</b>,
+<b>−−xz</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c mode only) Compress the
resulting archive with xz(1). In extract or list modes, this
implementations, this implementation recognizes XZ
compression automatically when reading archives.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-j</b>, <b>--bzip</b>,
-<b>--bzip2</b>, <b>--bunzip2</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−j</b>,
+<b>−−bzip</b>, <b>−−bzip2</b>,
+<b>−−bunzip2</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c mode only) Compress the
resulting archive with bzip2(1). In extract or list modes,
implementations, this implementation recognizes bzip2
compression automatically when reading archives.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-k</b>,
-<b>--keep-old-files</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−k</b>,
+<b>−−keep-old-files</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(x mode only) Do not overwrite
existing files. In particular, if a file appears more than
once in an archive, later copies will not overwrite earlier
copies.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--keep-newer-files</b></p>
+
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−keep-newer-files</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(x mode only) Do not overwrite
existing files that are newer than the versions appearing in
the archive being extracted.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-L</b>,
-<b>--dereference</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−L</b>,
+<b>−−dereference</b></p>
-<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c and r mode only) All
+<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c and r modes only) All
symbolic links will be followed. Normally, symbolic links
are archived as such. With this option, the target of the
link will be archived instead.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-l</b>,
-<b>--check-links</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−l</b>,
+<b>−−check-links</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c and r modes only) Issue a
warning message unless all links to each file are
archived.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--lrzip</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−lrzip</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c mode only) Compress the
resulting archive with lrzip(1). In extract or list modes,
this option is ignored.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--lz4</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−lz4</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%; margin-top: 1em">(c mode only)
Compress the archive with lz4-compatible compression before
writing it. In input mode, this option is ignored; lz4
compression is recognized automatically on input.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--lzma</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−lzma</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%; margin-top: 1em">(c mode only)
Compress the resulting archive with the original LZMA
algorithm. Use of this option is discouraged and new
-archives should be created with <b>--xz</b> instead. Note
-that, unlike other <b>tar</b> implementations, this
-implementation recognizes LZMA compression automatically
-when reading archives.</p>
+archives should be created with <b>−−xz</b>
+instead. Note that, unlike other <b>tar</b> implementations,
+this implementation recognizes LZMA compression
+automatically when reading archives.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--lzop</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−lzop</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%; margin-top: 1em">(c mode only)
Compress the resulting archive with lzop(1). In extract or
list modes, this option is ignored.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-m</b>,
-<b>--modification-time</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−m</b>,
+<b>−−modification-time</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(x mode only) Do not extract
modification time. By default, the modification time is set
to the time stored in the archive.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-n</b>, <b>--norecurse</b>,
-<b>--no-recursion</b></p>
+
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−mac-metadata</b></p>
+
+<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c, r, u and x mode only) Mac
+OS X specific. Archive or extract extended ACLs and extended
+attributes using copyfile(3) in AppleDouble format. This is
+the reverse of <b>−−no-mac-metadata</b>. and the
+default behavior in c, r, and u modes or if <b>tar</b> is
+run in x mode as root.</p>
+
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−n</b>,
+<b>−−norecurse</b>,
+<b>−−no-recursion</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c, r, u modes only) Do not
recursively archive the contents of directories.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--newer</b> <i>date</i></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−newer</b>
+<i>date</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c, r, u modes only) Only
include files and directories newer than the specified date.
This compares ctime entries.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--newer-mtime</b>
+
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−newer-mtime</b>
<i>date</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c, r, u modes only) Like
-<b>--newer</b>, except it compares mtime entries instead of
-ctime entries.</p>
+<b>−−newer</b>, except it compares mtime entries
+instead of ctime entries.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--newer-than</b>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−newer-than</b>
<i>file</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c, r, u modes only) Only
include files and directories newer than the specified file.
This compares ctime entries.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--newer-mtime-than</b>
+
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−newer-mtime-than</b>
<i>file</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c, r, u modes only) Like
-<b>--newer-than</b>, except it compares mtime entries
-instead of ctime entries.</p>
+<b>−−newer-than</b>, except it compares mtime
+entries instead of ctime entries.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--nodump</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−nodump</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c and r modes only) Honor the
nodump file flag by skipping this file.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--nopreserveHFSCompression</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−nopreserveHFSCompression</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(x mode only) Mac OS X
specific(v10.6 or later). Do not compress extracted regular
archived. By default, compress the regular files again with
HFS+ compression.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--null</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−null</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%; margin-top: 1em">(use with
-<b>-I</b> or <b>-T</b>) Filenames or patterns are separated
-by null characters, not by newlines. This is often used to
-read filenames output by the <b>-print0</b> option to
-find(1).</p>
+<b>−I</b> or <b>−T</b>) Filenames or patterns
+are separated by null characters, not by newlines. This is
+often used to read filenames output by the
+<b>−print0</b> option to find(1).</p>
+
+
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−no-acls</b></p>
+
+<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c, r, u, x modes only) Do not
+archive or extract POSIX.1e or NFSv4 ACLs. This is the
+reverse of <b>−−acls</b> and the default
+behavior if <b>tar</b> is run as non-root in x mode (on Mac
+OS X also in c, r and u modes).</p>
+
+
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−no-fflags</b></p>
+
+<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c, r, u, x modes only) Do not
+archive or extract file flags. This is the reverse of
+<b>−−fflags</b> and the default behavior if
+<b>tar</b> is run as non-root in x mode.</p>
+
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--no-same-owner</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−no-mac-metadata</b></p>
+
+<p style="margin-left:17%;">(x mode only) Mac OS X
+specific. Do not archive or extract ACLs and extended
+attributes using copyfile(3) in AppleDouble format. This is
+the reverse of <b>−−mac-metadata</b>. and the
+default behavior if <b>tar</b> is run as non-root in x
+mode.</p>
+
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−n</b>,
+<b>−−norecurse</b>,
+<b>−−no-recursion</b></p>
+
+
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−no-same-owner</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(x mode only) Do not extract
owner and group IDs. This is the reverse of
-<b>--same-owner</b> and the default behavior if <b>tar</b>
-is run as non-root.</p>
+<b>−−same-owner</b> and the default behavior if
+<b>tar</b> is run as non-root.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--no-same-permissions</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−no-same-permissions</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(x mode only) Do not extract
full permissions (SGID, SUID, sticky bit, ACLs, extended
attributes or extended file flags). This is the reverse of
-<b>-p</b> and the default behavior if <b>tar</b> is run as
-non-root.</p>
+<b>−p</b> and the default behavior if <b>tar</b> is
+run as non-root and can be overridden by also specifying
+<b>−−acls</b>, <b>−−fflags</b>,
+<b>−−mac-metadata, −−same-owner</b>,
+<b>−−same-permissions</b> and
+<b>−−xattrs</b>.</p>
+
+
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−no-xattrs</b></p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--numeric-owner</b></p>
+<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c, r, u, x modes only) Do not
+archive or extract extended attributes. This is the reverse
+of <b>−−xattrs</b> and the default behavior if
+<b>tar</b> is run as non-root in x mode.</p>
+
+
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−numeric-owner</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">This is equivalent to
-<b>--uname</b> "" <b>--gname</b> "". On
-extract, it causes user and group names in the archive to be
-ignored in favor of the numeric user and group ids. On
-create, it causes user and group names to not be stored in
-the archive.</p>
+<b>−−uname</b> ""
+<b>−−gname</b> "". On extract, it
+causes user and group names in the archive to be ignored in
+favor of the numeric user and group ids. On create, it
+causes user and group names to not be stored in the
+archive.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-O</b>,
-<b>--to-stdout</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−O</b>,
+<b>−−to-stdout</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(x, t modes only) In extract
(-x) mode, files will be written to standard out rather than
being extracted to disk. In list (-t) mode, the file listing
will be written to stderr rather than the usual stdout.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-o</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−o</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%; margin-top: 1em">(x mode) Use
the user and group of the user running the program rather
than those specified in the archive. Note that this has no
-significance unless <b>-p</b> is specified, and the program
-is being run by the root user. In this case, the file modes
-and flags from the archive will be restored, but ACLs or
-owner information in the archive will be discarded.</p>
+significance unless <b>−p</b> is specified, and the
+program is being run by the root user. In this case, the
+file modes and flags from the archive will be restored, but
+ACLs or owner information in the archive will be
+discarded.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-o</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−o</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%; margin-top: 1em">(c, r, u mode)
-A synonym for <b>--format</b> <i>ustar</i></p>
+A synonym for <b>−−format</b> <i>ustar</i></p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--older</b> <i>date</i></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−older</b>
+<i>date</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c, r, u modes only) Only
include files and directories older than the specified date.
This compares ctime entries.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--older-mtime</b>
+
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−older-mtime</b>
<i>date</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c, r, u modes only) Like
-<b>--older</b>, except it compares mtime entries instead of
-ctime entries.</p>
+<b>−−older</b>, except it compares mtime entries
+instead of ctime entries.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--older-than</b>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−older-than</b>
<i>file</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c, r, u modes only) Only
include files and directories older than the specified file.
This compares ctime entries.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--older-mtime-than</b>
+
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−older-mtime-than</b>
<i>file</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c, r, u modes only) Like
-<b>--older-than</b>, except it compares mtime entries
-instead of ctime entries.</p>
+<b>−−older-than</b>, except it compares mtime
+entries instead of ctime entries.</p>
+
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--one-file-system</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−one-file-system</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c, r, and u modes) Do not
cross mount points.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--options</b>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−options</b>
<i>options</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">Select optional behaviors for
<b>nlink</b>, <b>rmd160</b>, <b>sha1</b>, <b>sha256</b>,
<b>sha384</b>, <b>sha512</b>, <b>size</b>, <b>time</b>,
<b>uid</b>, <b>uname</b>. The default is equivalent to:
-’’device, flags, gid, gname, link, mode, nlink,
+‘‘device, flags, gid, gname, link, mode, nlink,
size, time, type, uid, uname’’.</p>
<p><b>mtree:all</b></p>
archive, which occurs when multiple tar archives have been
concatenated together. Without this option, only the
contents of the first concatenated archive would be read.
-This option is comparable to the <b>-i</b>,
-<b>--ignore-zeros</b> option of GNU tar.</p>
+This option is comparable to the <b>−i</b>,
+<b>−−ignore-zeros</b> option of GNU tar.</p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">If a provided option is not
supported by any module, that is a fatal error.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-P</b>,
-<b>--absolute-paths</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−P</b>,
+<b>−−absolute-paths</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">Preserve pathnames. By default,
absolute pathnames (those that begin with a / character)
whose target directory would be altered by a symlink. This
option suppresses these behaviors.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-p</b>, <b>--insecure</b>,
-<b>--preserve-permissions</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−p</b>,
+<b>−−insecure</b>,
+<b>−−preserve-permissions</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(x mode only) Preserve file
permissions. Attempt to restore the full permissions,
-including owner, file modes, file flags and ACLs, if
-available, for each item extracted from the archive. This is
-the default, if <b>tar</b> is being run by root and can be
-overridden by also specifying <b>--no-same-owner</b> and
-<b>--no-same-permissions</b>.</p>
-
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--passphrase</b>
+including owner, file modes, ACLs, extended atributes and
+extended file flags, if available, for each item extracted
+from the archive. This is the default, if <b>tar</b> is
+being run by root and can be overridden by also specifying
+<b>−−no-acls</b>,
+<b>−−no-fflags</b>,
+<b>−−no-mac-metadata,
+−−no-same-owner</b>,
+<b>−−no-same-permissions</b> and
+<b>−−no-xattrs</b>.</p>
+
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−passphrase</b>
<i>passphrase</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">The <i>passphrase</i> is used
shouldn’t use this option unless you realize how
insecure use of this option is.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--posix</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−posix</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c, r, u mode only) Synonym for
-<b>--format</b> <i>pax</i></p>
+<b>−−format</b> <i>pax</i></p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-q</b>,
-<b>--fast-read</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−q</b>,
+<b>−−fast-read</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(x and t mode only) Extract or
list only the first archive entry that matches each pattern
overwrite earlier entries. This option is provided as a
performance optimization.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-S</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−S</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%; margin-top: 1em">(x mode only)
Extract files as sparse files. For every block on disk,
otherwise. This works similar to the conv=sparse option of
dd.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-s</b> <i>pattern</i></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−s</b>
+<i>pattern</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">Modify file or archive member
names according to <i>pattern</i>. The pattern has the
names. In particular, it is never necessary to specify h, r,
or s.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--same-owner</b></p>
+
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−same-owner</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(x mode only) Extract owner and
-group IDs. This is the reverse of <b>--no-same-owner</b> and
-the default behavior if <b>tar</b> is run as root.</p>
+group IDs. This is the reverse of
+<b>−−no-same-owner</b> and the default behavior
+if <b>tar</b> is run as root.</p>
+
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--strip-components</b>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−strip-components</b>
<i>count</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">Remove the specified number of
checking inclusion/exclusion patterns but before security
checks.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-T</b> <i>filename</i>,
-<b>--files-from</b> <i>filename</i></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−T</b> <i>filename</i>,
+<b>−−files-from</b> <i>filename</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">In x or t mode, <b>tar</b> will
read the list of names to be extracted from <i>filename</i>.
In c mode, <b>tar</b> will read names to be archived from
<i>filename</i>. The special name
-’’-C’’ on a line by itself will
+‘‘-C’’ on a line by itself will
cause the current directory to be changed to the directory
specified on the following line. Names are terminated by
-newlines unless <b>--null</b> is specified. Note that
-<b>--null</b> also disables the special handling of lines
-containing ’’-C’’. Note: If you are
-generating lists of files using find(1), you probably want
-to use <b>-n</b> as well.</p>
+newlines unless <b>−−null</b> is specified. Note
+that <b>−−null</b> also disables the special
+handling of lines containing ‘‘-C’’.
+Note: If you are generating lists of files using find(1),
+you probably want to use <b>−n</b> as well.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--totals</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−totals</b></p>
-<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c, r, u mode only) After
+<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c, r, u modes only) After
archiving all files, print a summary to stderr.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-U</b>, <b>--unlink</b>,
-<b>--unlink-first</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−U</b>,
+<b>−−unlink</b>,
+<b>−−unlink-first</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(x mode only) Unlink files
before creating them. This can be a minor performance
symlinks instead of reporting an error. See the SECURITY
section below for more details.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--uid</b> <i>id</i></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−uid</b>
+<i>id</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">Use the provided user id number
and ignore the user name from the archive. On create, if
-<b>--uname</b> is not also specified, the user name will be
-set to match the user id.</p>
+<b>−−uname</b> is not also specified, the user
+name will be set to match the user id.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--uname</b> <i>name</i></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−uname</b>
+<i>name</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">Use the provided user name. On
extract, this overrides the user name in the archive; if the
provided user name does not exist on the system, it will be
ignored and the user id (from the archive or from the
-<b>--uid</b> option) will be used instead. On create, this
-sets the user name that will be stored in the archive; the
-name is not verified against the system user database.</p>
+<b>−−uid</b> option) will be used instead. On
+create, this sets the user name that will be stored in the
+archive; the name is not verified against the system user
+database.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--use-compress-program</b>
+
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−use-compress-program</b>
<i>program</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">Pipe the input (in x or t mode)
or the output (in c mode) through <i>program</i> instead of
using the builtin compression support.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-v</b>, <b>--verbose</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−v</b>,
+<b>−−verbose</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">Produce verbose output. In
create and extract modes, <b>tar</b> will list each file
name as it is read from or written to the archive. In list
mode, <b>tar</b> will produce output similar to that of
-ls(1). An additional <b>-v</b> option will also provide
-ls-like details in create and extract mode.</p>
+ls(1). An additional <b>−v</b> option will also
+provide ls-like details in create and extract mode.</p>
+
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>--version</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−version</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">Print version of <b>tar</b> and
<b>libarchive</b>, and exit.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-w</b>,
-<b>--confirmation</b>, <b>--interactive</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−w</b>,
+<b>−−confirmation</b>,
+<b>−−interactive</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">Ask for confirmation for every
action.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-X</b> <i>filename</i>,
-<b>--exclude-from</b> <i>filename</i></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−X</b> <i>filename</i>,
+<b>−−exclude-from</b> <i>filename</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">Read a list of exclusion
-patterns from the specified file. See <b>--exclude</b> for
-more information about the handling of exclusions.</p>
+patterns from the specified file. See
+<b>−−exclude</b> for more information about the
+handling of exclusions.</p>
+
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−−xattrs</b></p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-y</b></p>
+<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c, r, u, x modes only) Archive
+or extract extended attributes. This is the reverse of
+<b>−−no-xattrs</b> and the default behavior in
+c, r, and u modes or if <b>tar</b> is run in x mode as
+root.</p>
+
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−y</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%; margin-top: 1em">(c mode only)
Compress the resulting archive with bzip2(1). In extract or
<b>tar</b> implementations, this implementation recognizes
bzip2 compression automatically when reading archives.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-Z</b>, <b>--compress</b>,
-<b>--uncompress</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−Z</b>,
+<b>−−compress</b>,
+<b>−−uncompress</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c mode only) Compress the
resulting archive with compress(1). In extract or list
compress compression automatically when reading
archives.</p>
-<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>-z</b>, <b>--gunzip</b>,
-<b>--gzip</b></p>
+<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>−z</b>,
+<b>−−gunzip</b>, <b>−−gzip</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:17%;">(c mode only) Compress the
resulting archive with gzip(1). In extract or list modes,
<p style="margin-top: 1em">TAR_READER_OPTIONS</p>
<p style="margin-left:21%;">The default options for format
-readers and compression readers. The <b>--options</b> option
-overrides this.</p>
+readers and compression readers. The
+<b>−−options</b> option overrides this.</p>
<p style="margin-top: 1em">TAR_WRITER_OPTIONS</p>
<p style="margin-left:21%;">The default options for format
-writers and compression writers. The <b>--options</b> option
-overrides this.</p>
+writers and compression writers. The
+<b>−−options</b> option overrides this.</p>
<p style="margin-top: 1em">LANG</p>
<p style="margin-top: 1em">TAPE</p>
<p style="margin-left:21%; margin-top: 1em">The default
-device. The <b>-f</b> option overrides this. Please see the
-description of the <b>-f</b> option above for more
-details.</p>
+device. The <b>−f</b> option overrides this. Please
+see the description of the <b>−f</b> option above for
+more details.</p>
<p style="margin-top: 1em">TZ</p>
archive called <i>file.tar.gz</i> that contains two files
<i>source.c</i> and <i>source.h</i>:</p>
-<p style="margin-left:14%;"><b>tar -czf</b> <i>file.tar.gz
-source.c source.h</i></p>
+<p style="margin-left:14%;"><b>tar −czf</b>
+<i>file.tar.gz source.c source.h</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:6%; margin-top: 1em">To view a
detailed table of contents for this archive:</p>
-<p style="margin-left:14%;"><b>tar -tvf</b>
+<p style="margin-left:14%;"><b>tar −tvf</b>
<i>file.tar.gz</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:6%; margin-top: 1em">To extract all
entries from the archive on the default tape drive:</p>
-<p style="margin-left:14%;"><b>tar -x</b></p>
+<p style="margin-left:14%;"><b>tar −x</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:6%; margin-top: 1em">To examine the
contents of an ISO 9660 cdrom image:</p>
-<p style="margin-left:14%;"><b>tar -tf</b>
+<p style="margin-left:14%;"><b>tar −tf</b>
<i>image.iso</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:6%; margin-top: 1em">To move file
hierarchies, invoke <b>tar</b> as</p>
-<p style="margin-left:14%;"><b>tar -cf</b> <i>-</i>
-<b>-C</b> <i>srcdir .</i> | <b>tar -xpf</b> <i>-</i>
-<b>-C</b> <i>destdir</i></p>
+<p style="margin-left:14%;"><b>tar −cf</b> <i>-</i>
+<b>−C</b> <i>srcdir .</i> | <b>tar −xpf</b>
+<i>-</i> <b>−C</b> <i>destdir</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:6%;">or more traditionally</p>
-<p style="margin-left:14%;">cd srcdir ; <b>tar -cf</b>
-<i>- .</i> | (<i>cd destdir ;</i> <b>tar -xpf</b>
-<i>-</i>)</p>
+<p style="margin-left:14%;">cd srcdir ; <b>tar
+−cf</b> <i>- .</i> | (<i>cd destdir ;</i> <b>tar
+−xpf</b> <i>-</i>)</p>
<p style="margin-left:6%; margin-top: 1em">In create mode,
the list of files and directories to be archived can also
<b>@</b><i>archive-file</i>. For example, the command
line</p>
-<p style="margin-left:14%;"><b>tar -c -f</b> <i>new.tar
-foo1</i> <b>@</b><i>old.tgz</i> <b>-C</b><i>/tmp
+<p style="margin-left:14%;"><b>tar −c −f</b>
+<i>new.tar foo1</i> <b>@</b><i>old.tgz</i> <b>-C</b><i>/tmp
foo2</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:6%;">will create a new archive
$ tar -cvf output.tar @input.mtree</p>
<p style="margin-left:6%; margin-top: 1em">The
-<b>--newer</b> and <b>--newer-mtime</b> switches accept a
-variety of common date and time specifications, including
-’’12 Mar 2005 7:14:29pm’’,
-’’2005-03-12 19:14’’,
-’’5 minutes ago’’, and
-’’19:14 PST May 1’’.</p>
+<b>−−newer</b> and
+<b>−−newer-mtime</b> switches accept a variety
+of common date and time specifications, including
+‘‘12 Mar 2005 7:14:29pm’’,
+‘‘2005-03-12 19:14’’,
+‘‘5 minutes ago’’, and
+‘‘19:14 PST May 1’’.</p>
<p style="margin-left:6%; margin-top: 1em">The
-<b>--options</b> argument can be used to control various
-details of archive generation or reading. For example, you
-can generate mtree output which only contains <b>type</b>,
-<b>time</b>, and <b>uid</b> keywords:</p>
-
-<p style="margin-left:14%;"><b>tar -cf</b> <i>file.tar</i>
-<b>--format=mtree
---options=’!all,type,time,uid’</b>
+<b>−−options</b> argument can be used to control
+various details of archive generation or reading. For
+example, you can generate mtree output which only contains
+<b>type</b>, <b>time</b>, and <b>uid</b> keywords:</p>
+
+<p style="margin-left:14%;"><b>tar −cf</b>
+<i>file.tar</i> <b>−−format=mtree
+−−options=’!all,type,time,uid’</b>
<i>dir</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:6%;">or you can set the compression
level used by gzip or xz compression:</p>
-<p style="margin-left:14%;"><b>tar -czf</b> <i>file.tar</i>
-<b>--options=’compression-level=9’</b>.</p>
+<p style="margin-left:14%;"><b>tar −czf</b>
+<i>file.tar</i>
+<b>−−options=’compression-level=9’</b>.</p>
<p style="margin-left:6%;">For more details, see the
explanation of the <b>archive_read_set_options</b>() and
guard against this, <b>tar</b> checks each extracted path
for symlinks. If the final path element is a symlink, it
will be removed and replaced with the archive entry. If
-<b>-U</b> is specified, any intermediate symlink will also
-be unconditionally removed. If neither <b>-U</b> nor
-<b>-P</b> is specified, <b>tar</b> will refuse to extract
-the entry.</p>
+<b>−U</b> is specified, any intermediate symlink will
+also be unconditionally removed. If neither <b>−U</b>
+nor <b>−P</b> is specified, <b>tar</b> will refuse to
+extract the entry.</p>
<p style="margin-left:6%;">To protect yourself, you should
be wary of any archives that come from untrusted sources.
You should examine the contents of an archive with</p>
-<p style="margin-left:14%;"><b>tar -tf</b>
+<p style="margin-left:14%;"><b>tar −tf</b>
<i>filename</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:6%;">before extraction. You should
-use the <b>-k</b> option to ensure that <b>tar</b> will not
-overwrite any existing files or the <b>-U</b> option to
-remove any pre-existing files. You should generally not
-extract archives while running with super-user privileges.
-Note that the <b>-P</b> option to <b>tar</b> disables the
-security checks above and allows you to extract an archive
-while preserving any absolute pathnames, <i>..</i>
-components, or symlinks to other directories.</p>
+use the <b>−k</b> option to ensure that <b>tar</b>
+will not overwrite any existing files or the <b>−U</b>
+option to remove any pre-existing files. You should
+generally not extract archives while running with super-user
+privileges. Note that the <b>−P</b> option to
+<b>tar</b> disables the security checks above and allows you
+to extract an archive while preserving any absolute
+pathnames, <i>..</i> components, or symlinks to other
+directories.</p>
<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>SEE ALSO</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:6%;">There is no current POSIX
standard for the tar command; it appeared in ISO/IEC
-9945-1:1996 (’’POSIX.1’’) but was
+9945-1:1996 (‘‘POSIX.1’’) but was
dropped from IEEE Std 1003.1-2001
-(’’POSIX.1’’). The options supported
+(‘‘POSIX.1’’). The options supported
by this implementation were developed by surveying a number
of existing tar implementations as well as the old POSIX
specification for tar and the current POSIX specification
<p style="margin-left:6%; margin-top: 1em">The ustar and
pax interchange file formats are defined by IEEE Std
-1003.1-2001 (’’POSIX.1’’) for the
+1003.1-2001 (‘‘POSIX.1’’) for the
pax command.</p>
<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>HISTORY</b></p>
<p style="margin-top: 1em"><b>BUGS</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:6%;">This program follows ISO/IEC
-9945-1:1996 (’’POSIX.1’’) for the
-definition of the <b>-l</b> option. Note that GNU tar prior
-to version 1.15 treated <b>-l</b> as a synonym for the
-<b>--one-file-system</b> option.</p>
+9945-1:1996 (‘‘POSIX.1’’) for the
+definition of the <b>−l</b> option. Note that GNU tar
+prior to version 1.15 treated <b>−l</b> as a synonym
+for the <b>−−one-file-system</b> option.</p>
-<p style="margin-left:6%; margin-top: 1em">The <b>-C</b>
-<i>dir</i> option may differ from historic
+<p style="margin-left:6%; margin-top: 1em">The
+<b>−C</b> <i>dir</i> option may differ from historic
implementations.</p>
<p style="margin-left:6%; margin-top: 1em">All archive
insignificant differences between the compressed output
generated by</p>
-<p style="margin-left:14%;"><b>tar -czf</b> <i>-
+<p style="margin-left:14%;"><b>tar −czf</b> <i>-
file</i></p>
<p style="margin-left:6%;">and that generated by</p>
-<p style="margin-left:14%;"><b>tar -cf</b> <i>- file</i> |
-<b>gzip</b></p>
+<p style="margin-left:14%;"><b>tar −cf</b> <i>-
+file</i> | <b>gzip</b></p>
<p style="margin-left:6%; margin-top: 1em">The default
should be to read and write archives to the standard I/O
<p style="margin-left:6%; margin-top: 1em">In create mode,
a leading <i>./</i> is always removed. A leading <i>/</i> is
-stripped unless the <b>-P</b> option is specified.</p>
+stripped unless the <b>−P</b> option is specified.</p>
<p style="margin-left:6%; margin-top: 1em">There needs to
be better support for file selection on both create and
hardlink information.)</p>
<p style="margin-left:6%; margin-top: 1em">BSD
-September 16, 2014 BSD</p>
+February 24, 2017 BSD</p>
<hr>
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projects / platform / upstream / libarchive.git / blobdiff