Imported Upstream version 2.8.3
[platform/upstream/git.git] / contrib / hooks / multimail / git_multimail.py
index 8b58ed6..f2c92ae 100755 (executable)
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
-#! /usr/bin/env python2
+#! /usr/bin/env python
 
+__version__ = '1.3.0'
+
+# Copyright (c) 2015 Matthieu Moy and others
 # Copyright (c) 2012-2014 Michael Haggerty and others
 # Derived from contrib/hooks/post-receive-email, which is
 # Copyright (c) 2007 Andy Parkins
@@ -54,9 +57,69 @@ import subprocess
 import shlex
 import optparse
 import smtplib
+try:
+    import ssl
+except ImportError:
+    # Python < 2.6 do not have ssl, but that's OK if we don't use it.
+    pass
 import time
+import cgi
+
+PYTHON3 = sys.version_info >= (3, 0)
+
+if sys.version_info <= (2, 5):
+    def all(iterable):
+        for element in iterable:
+            if not element:
+                return False
+            return True
+
+
+def is_ascii(s):
+    return all(ord(c) < 128 and ord(c) > 0 for c in s)
+
+
+if PYTHON3:
+    def is_string(s):
+        return isinstance(s, str)
+
+    def str_to_bytes(s):
+        return s.encode(ENCODING)
+
+    def bytes_to_str(s):
+        return s.decode(ENCODING)
+
+    unicode = str
+
+    def write_str(f, msg):
+        # Try outputing with the default encoding. If it fails,
+        # try UTF-8.
+        try:
+            f.buffer.write(msg.encode(sys.getdefaultencoding()))
+        except UnicodeEncodeError:
+            f.buffer.write(msg.encode(ENCODING))
+else:
+    def is_string(s):
+        try:
+            return isinstance(s, basestring)
+        except NameError:  # Silence Pyflakes warning
+            raise
+
+    def str_to_bytes(s):
+        return s
+
+    def bytes_to_str(s):
+        return s
+
+    def write_str(f, msg):
+        f.write(msg)
+
+    def next(it):
+        return it.next()
+
 
 try:
+    from email.charset import Charset
     from email.utils import make_msgid
     from email.utils import getaddresses
     from email.utils import formataddr
@@ -64,6 +127,7 @@ try:
     from email.header import Header
 except ImportError:
     # Prior to Python 2.5, the email module used different names:
+    from email.Charset import Charset
     from email.Utils import make_msgid
     from email.Utils import getaddresses
     from email.Utils import formataddr
@@ -99,12 +163,16 @@ REF_DELETED_SUBJECT_TEMPLATE = (
     ' (was %(oldrev_short)s)'
     )
 
+COMBINED_REFCHANGE_REVISION_SUBJECT_TEMPLATE = (
+    '%(emailprefix)s%(refname_type)s %(short_refname)s updated: %(oneline)s'
+    )
+
 REFCHANGE_HEADER_TEMPLATE = """\
 Date: %(send_date)s
 To: %(recipients)s
 Subject: %(subject)s
 MIME-Version: 1.0
-Content-Type: text/plain; charset=%(charset)s
+Content-Type: text/%(contenttype)s; charset=%(charset)s
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 Message-ID: %(msgid)s
 From: %(fromaddr)s
@@ -115,6 +183,8 @@ X-Git-Refname: %(refname)s
 X-Git-Reftype: %(refname_type)s
 X-Git-Oldrev: %(oldrev)s
 X-Git-Newrev: %(newrev)s
+X-Git-NotificationType: ref_changed
+X-Git-Multimail-Version: %(multimail_version)s
 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated
 """
 
@@ -230,9 +300,10 @@ how to provide full information about this reference change.
 REVISION_HEADER_TEMPLATE = """\
 Date: %(send_date)s
 To: %(recipients)s
+Cc: %(cc_recipients)s
 Subject: %(emailprefix)s%(num)02d/%(tot)02d: %(oneline)s
 MIME-Version: 1.0
-Content-Type: text/plain; charset=%(charset)s
+Content-Type: text/%(contenttype)s; charset=%(charset)s
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 From: %(fromaddr)s
 Reply-To: %(reply_to)s
@@ -243,6 +314,8 @@ X-Git-Repo: %(repo_shortname)s
 X-Git-Refname: %(refname)s
 X-Git-Reftype: %(refname_type)s
 X-Git-Rev: %(rev)s
+X-Git-NotificationType: diff
+X-Git-Multimail-Version: %(multimail_version)s
 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated
 """
 
@@ -254,10 +327,54 @@ in repository %(repo_shortname)s.
 
 """
 
+LINK_TEXT_TEMPLATE = """\
+View the commit online:
+%(browse_url)s
+
+"""
+
+LINK_HTML_TEMPLATE = """\
+<p><a href="%(browse_url)s">View the commit online</a>.</p>
+"""
+
 
 REVISION_FOOTER_TEMPLATE = FOOTER_TEMPLATE
 
 
+# Combined, meaning refchange+revision email (for single-commit additions)
+COMBINED_HEADER_TEMPLATE = """\
+Date: %(send_date)s
+To: %(recipients)s
+Subject: %(subject)s
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Type: text/%(contenttype)s; charset=%(charset)s
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+Message-ID: %(msgid)s
+From: %(fromaddr)s
+Reply-To: %(reply_to)s
+X-Git-Host: %(fqdn)s
+X-Git-Repo: %(repo_shortname)s
+X-Git-Refname: %(refname)s
+X-Git-Reftype: %(refname_type)s
+X-Git-Oldrev: %(oldrev)s
+X-Git-Newrev: %(newrev)s
+X-Git-Rev: %(rev)s
+X-Git-NotificationType: ref_changed_plus_diff
+X-Git-Multimail-Version: %(multimail_version)s
+Auto-Submitted: auto-generated
+"""
+
+COMBINED_INTRO_TEMPLATE = """\
+This is an automated email from the git hooks/post-receive script.
+
+%(pusher)s pushed a commit to %(refname_type)s %(short_refname)s
+in repository %(repo_shortname)s.
+
+"""
+
+COMBINED_FOOTER_TEMPLATE = FOOTER_TEMPLATE
+
+
 class CommandError(Exception):
     def __init__(self, cmd, retcode):
         self.cmd = cmd
@@ -314,12 +431,14 @@ def read_git_output(args, input=None, keepends=False, **kw):
 def read_output(cmd, input=None, keepends=False, **kw):
     if input:
         stdin = subprocess.PIPE
+        input = str_to_bytes(input)
     else:
         stdin = None
     p = subprocess.Popen(
         cmd, stdin=stdin, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, **kw
         )
     (out, err) = p.communicate(input)
+    out = bytes_to_str(out)
     retcode = p.wait()
     if retcode:
         raise CommandError(cmd, retcode)
@@ -336,29 +455,81 @@ def read_git_lines(args, keepends=False, **kw):
     return read_git_output(args, keepends=True, **kw).splitlines(keepends)
 
 
+def git_rev_list_ish(cmd, spec, args=None, **kw):
+    """Common functionality for invoking a 'git rev-list'-like command.
+
+    Parameters:
+      * cmd is the Git command to run, e.g., 'rev-list' or 'log'.
+      * spec is a list of revision arguments to pass to the named
+        command.  If None, this function returns an empty list.
+      * args is a list of extra arguments passed to the named command.
+      * All other keyword arguments (if any) are passed to the
+        underlying read_git_lines() function.
+
+    Return the output of the Git command in the form of a list, one
+    entry per output line.
+    """
+    if spec is None:
+        return []
+    if args is None:
+        args = []
+    args = [cmd, '--stdin'] + args
+    spec_stdin = ''.join(s + '\n' for s in spec)
+    return read_git_lines(args, input=spec_stdin, **kw)
+
+
+def git_rev_list(spec, **kw):
+    """Run 'git rev-list' with the given list of revision arguments.
+
+    See git_rev_list_ish() for parameter and return value
+    documentation.
+    """
+    return git_rev_list_ish('rev-list', spec, **kw)
+
+
+def git_log(spec, **kw):
+    """Run 'git log' with the given list of revision arguments.
+
+    See git_rev_list_ish() for parameter and return value
+    documentation.
+    """
+    return git_rev_list_ish('log', spec, **kw)
+
+
 def header_encode(text, header_name=None):
     """Encode and line-wrap the value of an email header field."""
 
-    try:
-        if isinstance(text, str):
-            text = text.decode(ENCODING, 'replace')
-        return Header(text, header_name=header_name).encode()
-    except UnicodeEncodeError:
-        return Header(text, header_name=header_name, charset=CHARSET,
-                      errors='replace').encode()
+    # Convert to unicode, if required.
+    if not isinstance(text, unicode):
+        text = unicode(text, 'utf-8')
+
+    if is_ascii(text):
+        charset = 'ascii'
+    else:
+        charset = 'utf-8'
+
+    return Header(text, header_name=header_name, charset=Charset(charset)).encode()
 
 
 def addr_header_encode(text, header_name=None):
     """Encode and line-wrap the value of an email header field containing
     email addresses."""
 
-    return Header(
-        ', '.join(
-            formataddr((header_encode(name), emailaddr))
-            for name, emailaddr in getaddresses([text])
-            ),
-        header_name=header_name
-        ).encode()
+    # Convert to unicode, if required.
+    if not isinstance(text, unicode):
+        text = unicode(text, 'utf-8')
+
+    text = ', '.join(
+        formataddr((header_encode(name), emailaddr))
+        for name, emailaddr in getaddresses([text])
+        )
+
+    if is_ascii(text):
+        charset = 'ascii'
+    else:
+        charset = 'utf-8'
+
+    return Header(text, header_name=header_name, charset=Charset(charset)).encode()
 
 
 class Config(object):
@@ -385,12 +556,34 @@ class Config(object):
         assert words[-1] == ''
         return words[:-1]
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def add_config_parameters(c):
+        """Add configuration parameters to Git.
+
+        c is either an str or a list of str, each element being of the
+        form 'var=val' or 'var', with the same syntax and meaning as
+        the argument of 'git -c var=val'.
+        """
+        if isinstance(c, str):
+            c = (c,)
+        parameters = os.environ.get('GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS', '')
+        if parameters:
+            parameters += ' '
+        # git expects GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS to be of the form
+        #    "'name1=value1' 'name2=value2' 'name3=value3'"
+        # including everything inside the double quotes (but not the double
+        # quotes themselves).  Spacing is critical.  Also, if a value contains
+        # a literal single quote that quote must be represented using the
+        # four character sequence: '\''
+        parameters += ' '.join("'" + x.replace("'", "'\\''") + "'" for x in c)
+        os.environ['GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS'] = parameters
+
     def get(self, name, default=None):
         try:
             values = self._split(read_git_output(
-                    ['config', '--get', '--null', '%s.%s' % (self.section, name)],
-                    env=self.env, keepends=True,
-                    ))
+                ['config', '--get', '--null', '%s.%s' % (self.section, name)],
+                env=self.env, keepends=True,
+                ))
             assert len(values) == 1
             return values[0]
         except CommandError:
@@ -417,7 +610,8 @@ class Config(object):
                 ['config', '--get-all', '--null', '%s.%s' % (self.section, name)],
                 env=self.env, keepends=True,
                 ))
-        except CommandError, e:
+        except CommandError:
+            t, e, traceback = sys.exc_info()
             if e.retcode == 1:
                 # "the section or key is invalid"; i.e., there is no
                 # value for the specified key.
@@ -425,18 +619,6 @@ class Config(object):
             else:
                 raise
 
-    def get_recipients(self, name, default=None):
-        """Read a recipients list from the configuration.
-
-        Return the result as a comma-separated list of email
-        addresses, or default if the option is unset.  If the setting
-        has multiple values, concatenate them with comma separators."""
-
-        lines = self.get_all(name, default=None)
-        if lines is None:
-            return default
-        return ', '.join(line.strip() for line in lines)
-
     def set(self, name, value):
         read_git_output(
             ['config', '%s.%s' % (self.section, name), value],
@@ -449,16 +631,22 @@ class Config(object):
             env=self.env,
             )
 
-    def has_key(self, name):
+    def __contains__(self, name):
         return self.get_all(name, default=None) is not None
 
+    # We don't use this method anymore internally, but keep it here in
+    # case somebody is calling it from their own code:
+    def has_key(self, name):
+        return name in self
+
     def unset_all(self, name):
         try:
             read_git_output(
                 ['config', '--unset-all', '%s.%s' % (self.section, name)],
                 env=self.env,
                 )
-        except CommandError, e:
+        except CommandError:
+            t, e, traceback = sys.exc_info()
             if e.retcode == 5:
                 # The name doesn't exist, which is what we wanted anyway...
                 pass
@@ -552,7 +740,7 @@ class GitObject(object):
         if not self.sha1:
             raise ValueError('Empty commit has no summary')
 
-        return iter(generate_summaries('--no-walk', self.sha1)).next()
+        return next(iter(generate_summaries('--no-walk', self.sha1)))
 
     def __eq__(self, other):
         return isinstance(other, GitObject) and self.sha1 == other.sha1
@@ -563,6 +751,10 @@ class GitObject(object):
     def __nonzero__(self):
         return bool(self.sha1)
 
+    def __bool__(self):
+        """Python 2 backward compatibility"""
+        return self.__nonzero__()
+
     def __str__(self):
         return self.sha1 or ZEROS
 
@@ -577,19 +769,36 @@ class Change(object):
     def __init__(self, environment):
         self.environment = environment
         self._values = None
+        self._contains_html_diff = False
+
+    def _contains_diff(self):
+        # We do contain a diff, should it be rendered in HTML?
+        if self.environment.commit_email_format == "html":
+            self._contains_html_diff = True
 
     def _compute_values(self):
-        """Return a dictionary {keyword : expansion} for this Change.
+        """Return a dictionary {keyword: expansion} for this Change.
 
         Derived classes overload this method to add more entries to
         the return value.  This method is used internally by
         get_values().  The return value should always be a new
         dictionary."""
 
-        return self.environment.get_values()
+        values = self.environment.get_values()
+        fromaddr = self.environment.get_fromaddr(change=self)
+        if fromaddr is not None:
+            values['fromaddr'] = fromaddr
+        values['multimail_version'] = get_version()
+        return values
+
+    # Aliases usable in template strings. Tuple of pairs (destination,
+    # source).
+    VALUES_ALIAS = (
+        ("id", "newrev"),
+        )
 
     def get_values(self, **extra_values):
-        """Return a dictionary {keyword : expansion} for this Change.
+        """Return a dictionary {keyword: expansion} for this Change.
 
         Return a dictionary mapping keywords to the values that they
         should be expanded to for this Change (used when interpolating
@@ -603,6 +812,9 @@ class Change(object):
         values = self._values.copy()
         if extra_values:
             values.update(extra_values)
+
+        for alias, val in self.VALUES_ALIAS:
+            values[alias] = values[val]
         return values
 
     def expand(self, template, **extra_values):
@@ -615,10 +827,14 @@ class Change(object):
 
         return template % self.get_values(**extra_values)
 
-    def expand_lines(self, template, **extra_values):
+    def expand_lines(self, template, html_escape_val=False, **extra_values):
         """Break template into lines and expand each line."""
 
         values = self.get_values(**extra_values)
+        if html_escape_val:
+            for k in values:
+                if is_string(values[k]):
+                    values[k] = cgi.escape(values[k], True)
         for line in template.splitlines(True):
             yield line % values
 
@@ -629,14 +845,21 @@ class Change(object):
         skip lines that contain references to unknown variables."""
 
         values = self.get_values(**extra_values)
+        if self._contains_html_diff:
+            self._content_type = 'html'
+        else:
+            self._content_type = 'plain'
+        values['contenttype'] = self._content_type
+
         for line in template.splitlines():
-            (name, value) = line.split(':', 1)
+            (name, value) = line.split(': ', 1)
 
             try:
                 value = value % values
-            except KeyError, e:
+            except KeyError:
+                t, e, traceback = sys.exc_info()
                 if DEBUG:
-                    sys.stderr.write(
+                    self.environment.log_warning(
                         'Warning: unknown variable %r in the following line; line skipped:\n'
                         '    %s\n'
                         % (e.args[0], line,)
@@ -656,7 +879,11 @@ class Change(object):
 
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
-    def generate_email_intro(self):
+    def generate_browse_link(self, base_url):
+        """Generate a link to an online repository browser."""
+        return iter(())
+
+    def generate_email_intro(self, html_escape_val=False):
         """Generate the email intro for this Change, a line at a time.
 
         The output will be used as the standard boilerplate at the top
@@ -672,7 +899,7 @@ class Change(object):
 
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
-    def generate_email_footer(self):
+    def generate_email_footer(self, html_escape_val):
         """Generate the footer of the email, a line at a time.
 
         The footer is always included, irrespective of
@@ -680,6 +907,24 @@ class Change(object):
 
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
+    def _wrap_for_html(self, lines):
+        """Wrap the lines in HTML <pre> tag when using HTML format.
+
+        Escape special HTML characters and add <pre> and </pre> tags around
+        the given lines if we should be generating HTML as indicated by
+        self._contains_html_diff being set to true.
+        """
+        if self._contains_html_diff:
+            yield "<pre style='margin:0'>\n"
+
+            for line in lines:
+                yield cgi.escape(line)
+
+            yield '</pre>\n'
+        else:
+            for line in lines:
+                yield line
+
     def generate_email(self, push, body_filter=None, extra_header_values={}):
         """Generate an email describing this change.
 
@@ -695,22 +940,95 @@ class Change(object):
         for line in self.generate_email_header(**extra_header_values):
             yield line
         yield '\n'
-        for line in self.generate_email_intro():
+        html_escape_val = (self.environment.html_in_intro and
+                           self._contains_html_diff)
+        intro = self.generate_email_intro(html_escape_val)
+        if not self.environment.html_in_intro:
+            intro = self._wrap_for_html(intro)
+        for line in intro:
             yield line
 
+        if self.environment.commitBrowseURL:
+            for line in self.generate_browse_link(self.environment.commitBrowseURL):
+                yield line
+
         body = self.generate_email_body(push)
         if body_filter is not None:
             body = body_filter(body)
+
+        diff_started = False
+        if self._contains_html_diff:
+            # "white-space: pre" is the default, but we need to
+            # specify it again in case the message is viewed in a
+            # webmail which wraps it in an element setting white-space
+            # to something else (Zimbra does this and sets
+            # white-space: pre-line).
+            yield '<pre style="white-space: pre; background: #F8F8F8">'
         for line in body:
-            yield line
+            if self._contains_html_diff:
+                # This is very, very naive. It would be much better to really
+                # parse the diff, i.e. look at how many lines do we have in
+                # the hunk headers instead of blindly highlighting everything
+                # that looks like it might be part of a diff.
+                bgcolor = ''
+                fgcolor = ''
+                if line.startswith('--- a/'):
+                    diff_started = True
+                    bgcolor = 'e0e0ff'
+                elif line.startswith('diff ') or line.startswith('index '):
+                    diff_started = True
+                    fgcolor = '808080'
+                elif diff_started:
+                    if line.startswith('+++ '):
+                        bgcolor = 'e0e0ff'
+                    elif line.startswith('@@'):
+                        bgcolor = 'e0e0e0'
+                    elif line.startswith('+'):
+                        bgcolor = 'e0ffe0'
+                    elif line.startswith('-'):
+                        bgcolor = 'ffe0e0'
+                elif line.startswith('commit '):
+                    fgcolor = '808000'
+                elif line.startswith('    '):
+                    fgcolor = '404040'
+
+                # Chop the trailing LF, we don't want it inside <pre>.
+                line = cgi.escape(line[:-1])
+
+                if bgcolor or fgcolor:
+                    style = 'display:block; white-space:pre;'
+                    if bgcolor:
+                        style += 'background:#' + bgcolor + ';'
+                    if fgcolor:
+                        style += 'color:#' + fgcolor + ';'
+                    # Use a <span style='display:block> to color the
+                    # whole line. The newline must be inside the span
+                    # to display properly both in Firefox and in
+                    # text-based browser.
+                    line = "<span style='%s'>%s\n</span>" % (style, line)
+                else:
+                    line = line + '\n'
 
-        for line in self.generate_email_footer():
+            yield line
+        if self._contains_html_diff:
+            yield '</pre>'
+        html_escape_val = (self.environment.html_in_footer and
+                           self._contains_html_diff)
+        footer = self.generate_email_footer(html_escape_val)
+        if not self.environment.html_in_footer:
+            footer = self._wrap_for_html(footer)
+        for line in footer:
             yield line
 
+    def get_alt_fromaddr(self):
+        return None
+
 
 class Revision(Change):
     """A Change consisting of a single git commit."""
 
+    CC_RE = re.compile(r'^\s*C[Cc]:\s*(?P<to>[^#]+@[^\s#]*)\s*(#.*)?$')
+
     def __init__(self, reference_change, rev, num, tot):
         Change.__init__(self, reference_change.environment)
         self.reference_change = reference_change
@@ -722,6 +1040,24 @@ class Revision(Change):
         self.author = read_git_output(['log', '--no-walk', '--format=%aN <%aE>', self.rev.sha1])
         self.recipients = self.environment.get_revision_recipients(self)
 
+        self.cc_recipients = ''
+        if self.environment.get_scancommitforcc():
+            self.cc_recipients = ', '.join(to.strip() for to in self._cc_recipients())
+            if self.cc_recipients:
+                self.environment.log_msg(
+                    'Add %s to CC for %s\n' % (self.cc_recipients, self.rev.sha1))
+
+    def _cc_recipients(self):
+        cc_recipients = []
+        message = read_git_output(['log', '--no-walk', '--format=%b', self.rev.sha1])
+        lines = message.strip().split('\n')
+        for line in lines:
+            m = re.match(self.CC_RE, line)
+            if m:
+                cc_recipients.append(m.group('to'))
+
+        return cc_recipients
+
     def _compute_values(self):
         values = Change._compute_values(self)
 
@@ -733,12 +1069,15 @@ class Revision(Change):
         values['rev_short'] = self.rev.short
         values['change_type'] = self.change_type
         values['refname'] = self.refname
+        values['newrev'] = self.rev.sha1
         values['short_refname'] = self.reference_change.short_refname
         values['refname_type'] = self.reference_change.refname_type
         values['reply_to_msgid'] = self.reference_change.msgid
         values['num'] = self.num
         values['tot'] = self.tot
         values['recipients'] = self.recipients
+        if self.cc_recipients:
+            values['cc_recipients'] = self.cc_recipients
         values['oneline'] = oneline
         values['author'] = self.author
 
@@ -750,24 +1089,54 @@ class Revision(Change):
 
     def generate_email_header(self, **extra_values):
         for line in self.expand_header_lines(
-            REVISION_HEADER_TEMPLATE, **extra_values
-            ):
+                REVISION_HEADER_TEMPLATE, **extra_values
+                ):
             yield line
 
-    def generate_email_intro(self):
-        for line in self.expand_lines(REVISION_INTRO_TEMPLATE):
+    def generate_browse_link(self, base_url):
+        if '%(' not in base_url:
+            base_url += '%(id)s'
+        url = "".join(self.expand_lines(base_url))
+        if self._content_type == 'html':
+            for line in self.expand_lines(LINK_HTML_TEMPLATE,
+                                          html_escape_val=True,
+                                          browse_url=url):
+                yield line
+        elif self._content_type == 'plain':
+            for line in self.expand_lines(LINK_TEXT_TEMPLATE,
+                                          html_escape_val=False,
+                                          browse_url=url):
+                yield line
+        else:
+            raise NotImplementedError("Content-type %s unsupported. Please report it as a bug.")
+
+    def generate_email_intro(self, html_escape_val=False):
+        for line in self.expand_lines(REVISION_INTRO_TEMPLATE,
+                                      html_escape_val=html_escape_val):
             yield line
 
     def generate_email_body(self, push):
         """Show this revision."""
 
-        return read_git_lines(
-            ['log'] + self.environment.commitlogopts + ['-1', self.rev.sha1],
-            keepends=True,
-            )
+        for line in read_git_lines(
+                ['log'] + self.environment.commitlogopts + ['-1', self.rev.sha1],
+                keepends=True,
+                ):
+            if line.startswith('Date:   ') and self.environment.date_substitute:
+                yield self.environment.date_substitute + line[len('Date:   '):]
+            else:
+                yield line
 
-    def generate_email_footer(self):
-        return self.expand_lines(REVISION_FOOTER_TEMPLATE)
+    def generate_email_footer(self, html_escape_val):
+        return self.expand_lines(REVISION_FOOTER_TEMPLATE,
+                                 html_escape_val=html_escape_val)
+
+    def generate_email(self, push, body_filter=None, extra_header_values={}):
+        self._contains_diff()
+        return Change.generate_email(self, push, body_filter, extra_header_values)
+
+    def get_alt_fromaddr(self):
+        return self.environment.from_commit
 
 
 class ReferenceChange(Change):
@@ -822,26 +1191,26 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
                 klass = BranchChange
             elif area == 'remotes':
                 # Tracking branch:
-                sys.stderr.write(
+                environment.log_warning(
                     '*** Push-update of tracking branch %r\n'
                     '***  - incomplete email generated.\n'
-                     % (refname,)
+                    % (refname,)
                     )
                 klass = OtherReferenceChange
             else:
                 # Some other reference namespace:
-                sys.stderr.write(
+                environment.log_warning(
                     '*** Push-update of strange reference %r\n'
                     '***  - incomplete email generated.\n'
-                     % (refname,)
+                    % (refname,)
                     )
                 klass = OtherReferenceChange
         else:
             # Anything else (is there anything else?)
-            sys.stderr.write(
+            environment.log_warning(
                 '*** Unknown type of update to %r (%s)\n'
                 '***  - incomplete email generated.\n'
-                 % (refname, rev.type,)
+                % (refname, rev.type,)
                 )
             klass = OtherReferenceChange
 
@@ -854,9 +1223,9 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
     def __init__(self, environment, refname, short_refname, old, new, rev):
         Change.__init__(self, environment)
         self.change_type = {
-            (False, True) : 'create',
-            (True, True) : 'update',
-            (True, False) : 'delete',
+            (False, True): 'create',
+            (True, True): 'update',
+            (True, False): 'delete',
             }[bool(old), bool(new)]
         self.refname = refname
         self.short_refname = short_refname
@@ -865,10 +1234,16 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
         self.rev = rev
         self.msgid = make_msgid()
         self.diffopts = environment.diffopts
+        self.graphopts = environment.graphopts
         self.logopts = environment.logopts
         self.commitlogopts = environment.commitlogopts
+        self.showgraph = environment.refchange_showgraph
         self.showlog = environment.refchange_showlog
 
+        self.header_template = REFCHANGE_HEADER_TEMPLATE
+        self.intro_template = REFCHANGE_INTRO_TEMPLATE
+        self.footer_template = FOOTER_TEMPLATE
+
     def _compute_values(self):
         values = Change._compute_values(self)
 
@@ -894,11 +1269,39 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
 
         return values
 
+    def send_single_combined_email(self, known_added_sha1s):
+        """Determine if a combined refchange/revision email should be sent
+
+        If there is only a single new (non-merge) commit added by a
+        change, it is useful to combine the ReferenceChange and
+        Revision emails into one.  In such a case, return the single
+        revision; otherwise, return None.
+
+        This method is overridden in BranchChange."""
+
+        return None
+
+    def generate_combined_email(self, push, revision, body_filter=None, extra_header_values={}):
+        """Generate an email describing this change AND specified revision.
+
+        Iterate over the lines (including the header lines) of an
+        email describing this change.  If body_filter is not None,
+        then use it to filter the lines that are intended for the
+        email body.
+
+        The extra_header_values field is received as a dict and not as
+        **kwargs, to allow passing other keyword arguments in the
+        future (e.g. passing extra values to generate_email_intro()
+
+        This method is overridden in BranchChange."""
+
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
     def get_subject(self):
         template = {
-            'create' : REF_CREATED_SUBJECT_TEMPLATE,
-            'update' : REF_UPDATED_SUBJECT_TEMPLATE,
-            'delete' : REF_DELETED_SUBJECT_TEMPLATE,
+            'create': REF_CREATED_SUBJECT_TEMPLATE,
+            'update': REF_UPDATED_SUBJECT_TEMPLATE,
+            'delete': REF_DELETED_SUBJECT_TEMPLATE,
             }[self.change_type]
         return self.expand(template)
 
@@ -907,12 +1310,13 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
             extra_values['subject'] = self.get_subject()
 
         for line in self.expand_header_lines(
-            REFCHANGE_HEADER_TEMPLATE, **extra_values
-            ):
+                self.header_template, **extra_values
+                ):
             yield line
 
-    def generate_email_intro(self):
-        for line in self.expand_lines(REFCHANGE_INTRO_TEMPLATE):
+    def generate_email_intro(self, html_escape_val=False):
+        for line in self.expand_lines(self.intro_template,
+                                      html_escape_val=html_escape_val):
             yield line
 
     def generate_email_body(self, push):
@@ -922,9 +1326,9 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
         generate_update_summary() / generate_delete_summary()."""
 
         change_summary = {
-            'create' : self.generate_create_summary,
-            'delete' : self.generate_delete_summary,
-            'update' : self.generate_update_summary,
+            'create': self.generate_create_summary,
+            'delete': self.generate_delete_summary,
+            'update': self.generate_update_summary,
             }[self.change_type](push)
         for line in change_summary:
             yield line
@@ -932,22 +1336,47 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
         for line in self.generate_revision_change_summary(push):
             yield line
 
-    def generate_email_footer(self):
-        return self.expand_lines(FOOTER_TEMPLATE)
+    def generate_email_footer(self, html_escape_val):
+        return self.expand_lines(self.footer_template,
+                                 html_escape_val=html_escape_val)
+
+    def generate_revision_change_graph(self, push):
+        if self.showgraph:
+            args = ['--graph'] + self.graphopts
+            for newold in ('new', 'old'):
+                has_newold = False
+                spec = push.get_commits_spec(newold, self)
+                for line in git_log(spec, args=args, keepends=True):
+                    if not has_newold:
+                        has_newold = True
+                        yield '\n'
+                        yield 'Graph of %s commits:\n\n' % (
+                            {'new': 'new', 'old': 'discarded'}[newold],)
+                    yield '  ' + line
+                if has_newold:
+                    yield '\n'
 
     def generate_revision_change_log(self, new_commits_list):
         if self.showlog:
             yield '\n'
             yield 'Detailed log of new commits:\n\n'
             for line in read_git_lines(
-                    ['log', '--no-walk']
-                    + self.logopts
-                    + new_commits_list
-                    ['--'],
+                    ['log', '--no-walk'] +
+                    self.logopts +
+                    new_commits_list +
+                    ['--'],
                     keepends=True,
-                ):
+                    ):
                 yield line
 
+    def generate_new_revision_summary(self, tot, new_commits_list, push):
+        for line in self.expand_lines(NEW_REVISIONS_TEMPLATE, tot=tot):
+            yield line
+        for line in self.generate_revision_change_graph(push):
+            yield line
+        for line in self.generate_revision_change_log(new_commits_list):
+            yield line
+
     def generate_revision_change_summary(self, push):
         """Generate a summary of the revisions added/removed by this change."""
 
@@ -960,7 +1389,7 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
             sha1s.reverse()
             tot = len(sha1s)
             new_revisions = [
-                Revision(self, GitObject(sha1), num=i+1, tot=tot)
+                Revision(self, GitObject(sha1), num=i + 1, tot=tot)
                 for (i, sha1) in enumerate(sha1s)
                 ]
 
@@ -973,9 +1402,8 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
                         BRIEF_SUMMARY_TEMPLATE, action='new', text=subject,
                         )
                 yield '\n'
-                for line in self.expand_lines(NEW_REVISIONS_TEMPLATE, tot=tot):
-                    yield line
-                for line in self.generate_revision_change_log([r.rev.sha1 for r in new_revisions]):
+                for line in self.generate_new_revision_summary(
+                        tot, [r.rev.sha1 for r in new_revisions], push):
                     yield line
             else:
                 for line in self.expand_lines(NO_NEW_REVISIONS_TEMPLATE):
@@ -993,16 +1421,16 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
             # revisions in the summary even though we will not send
             # new notification emails for them.
             adds = list(generate_summaries(
-                    '--topo-order', '--reverse', '%s..%s'
-                    % (self.old.commit_sha1, self.new.commit_sha1,)
-                    ))
+                '--topo-order', '--reverse', '%s..%s'
+                % (self.old.commit_sha1, self.new.commit_sha1,)
+                ))
 
             # List of the revisions that were removed from the branch
             # by this update.  This will be empty except for
             # non-fast-forward updates.
             discards = list(generate_summaries(
-                    '%s..%s' % (self.new.commit_sha1, self.old.commit_sha1,)
-                    ))
+                '%s..%s' % (self.new.commit_sha1, self.old.commit_sha1,)
+                ))
 
             if adds:
                 new_commits_list = push.get_new_commits(self)
@@ -1071,13 +1499,14 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
             yield '\n'
 
             if new_commits:
-                for line in self.expand_lines(NEW_REVISIONS_TEMPLATE, tot=len(new_commits)):
-                    yield line
-                for line in self.generate_revision_change_log(new_commits_list):
+                for line in self.generate_new_revision_summary(
+                        len(new_commits), new_commits_list, push):
                     yield line
             else:
                 for line in self.expand_lines(NO_NEW_REVISIONS_TEMPLATE):
                     yield line
+                for line in self.generate_revision_change_graph(push):
+                    yield line
 
             # The diffstat is shown from the old revision to the new
             # revision.  This is to show the truth of what happened in
@@ -1089,11 +1518,11 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
             yield '\n'
             yield 'Summary of changes:\n'
             for line in read_git_lines(
-                ['diff-tree']
-                + self.diffopts
-                + ['%s..%s' % (self.old.commit_sha1, self.new.commit_sha1,)],
-                keepends=True,
-                ):
+                    ['diff-tree'] +
+                    self.diffopts +
+                    ['%s..%s' % (self.old.commit_sha1, self.new.commit_sha1,)],
+                    keepends=True,
+                    ):
                 yield line
 
         elif self.old.commit_sha1 and not self.new.commit_sha1:
@@ -1103,7 +1532,7 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
             sha1s = list(push.get_discarded_commits(self))
             tot = len(sha1s)
             discarded_revisions = [
-                Revision(self, GitObject(sha1), num=i+1, tot=tot)
+                Revision(self, GitObject(sha1), num=i + 1, tot=tot)
                 for (i, sha1) in enumerate(sha1s)
                 ]
 
@@ -1116,6 +1545,8 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
                     yield r.expand(
                         BRIEF_SUMMARY_TEMPLATE, action='discards', text=subject,
                         )
+                for line in self.generate_revision_change_graph(push):
+                    yield line
             else:
                 for line in self.expand_lines(NO_DISCARDED_REVISIONS_TEMPLATE):
                     yield line
@@ -1150,6 +1581,9 @@ class ReferenceChange(Change):
             )
         yield '\n'
 
+    def get_alt_fromaddr(self):
+        return self.environment.from_refchange
+
 
 class BranchChange(ReferenceChange):
     refname_type = 'branch'
@@ -1161,6 +1595,151 @@ class BranchChange(ReferenceChange):
             old=old, new=new, rev=rev,
             )
         self.recipients = environment.get_refchange_recipients(self)
+        self._single_revision = None
+
+    def send_single_combined_email(self, known_added_sha1s):
+        if not self.environment.combine_when_single_commit:
+            return None
+
+        # In the sadly-all-too-frequent usecase of people pushing only
+        # one of their commits at a time to a repository, users feel
+        # the reference change summary emails are noise rather than
+        # important signal.  This is because, in this particular
+        # usecase, there is a reference change summary email for each
+        # new commit, and all these summaries do is point out that
+        # there is one new commit (which can readily be inferred by
+        # the existence of the individual revision email that is also
+        # sent).  In such cases, our users prefer there to be a combined
+        # reference change summary/new revision email.
+        #
+        # So, if the change is an update and it doesn't discard any
+        # commits, and it adds exactly one non-merge commit (gerrit
+        # forces a workflow where every commit is individually merged
+        # and the git-multimail hook fired off for just this one
+        # change), then we send a combined refchange/revision email.
+        try:
+            # If this change is a reference update that doesn't discard
+            # any commits...
+            if self.change_type != 'update':
+                return None
+
+            if read_git_lines(
+                    ['merge-base', self.old.sha1, self.new.sha1]
+                    ) != [self.old.sha1]:
+                return None
+
+            # Check if this update introduced exactly one non-merge
+            # commit:
+
+            def split_line(line):
+                """Split line into (sha1, [parent,...])."""
+
+                words = line.split()
+                return (words[0], words[1:])
+
+            # Get the new commits introduced by the push as a list of
+            # (sha1, [parent,...])
+            new_commits = [
+                split_line(line)
+                for line in read_git_lines(
+                    [
+                        'log', '-3', '--format=%H %P',
+                        '%s..%s' % (self.old.sha1, self.new.sha1),
+                        ]
+                    )
+                ]
+
+            if not new_commits:
+                return None
+
+            # If the newest commit is a merge, save it for a later check
+            # but otherwise ignore it
+            merge = None
+            tot = len(new_commits)
+            if len(new_commits[0][1]) > 1:
+                merge = new_commits[0][0]
+                del new_commits[0]
+
+            # Our primary check: we can't combine if more than one commit
+            # is introduced.  We also currently only combine if the new
+            # commit is a non-merge commit, though it may make sense to
+            # combine if it is a merge as well.
+            if not (
+                    len(new_commits) == 1 and
+                    len(new_commits[0][1]) == 1 and
+                    new_commits[0][0] in known_added_sha1s
+                    ):
+                return None
+
+            # We do not want to combine revision and refchange emails if
+            # those go to separate locations.
+            rev = Revision(self, GitObject(new_commits[0][0]), 1, tot)
+            if rev.recipients != self.recipients:
+                return None
+
+            # We ignored the newest commit if it was just a merge of the one
+            # commit being introduced.  But we don't want to ignore that
+            # merge commit it it involved conflict resolutions.  Check that.
+            if merge and merge != read_git_output(['diff-tree', '--cc', merge]):
+                return None
+
+            # We can combine the refchange and one new revision emails
+            # into one.  Return the Revision that a combined email should
+            # be sent about.
+            return rev
+        except CommandError:
+            # Cannot determine number of commits in old..new or new..old;
+            # don't combine reference/revision emails:
+            return None
+
+    def generate_combined_email(self, push, revision, body_filter=None, extra_header_values={}):
+        values = revision.get_values()
+        if extra_header_values:
+            values.update(extra_header_values)
+        if 'subject' not in extra_header_values:
+            values['subject'] = self.expand(COMBINED_REFCHANGE_REVISION_SUBJECT_TEMPLATE, **values)
+
+        self._single_revision = revision
+        self._contains_diff()
+        self.header_template = COMBINED_HEADER_TEMPLATE
+        self.intro_template = COMBINED_INTRO_TEMPLATE
+        self.footer_template = COMBINED_FOOTER_TEMPLATE
+        for line in self.generate_email(push, body_filter, values):
+            yield line
+
+    def generate_email_body(self, push):
+        '''Call the appropriate body generation routine.
+
+        If this is a combined refchange/revision email, the special logic
+        for handling this combined email comes from this function.  For
+        other cases, we just use the normal handling.'''
+
+        # If self._single_revision isn't set; don't override
+        if not self._single_revision:
+            for line in super(BranchChange, self).generate_email_body(push):
+                yield line
+            return
+
+        # This is a combined refchange/revision email; we first provide
+        # some info from the refchange portion, and then call the revision
+        # generate_email_body function to handle the revision portion.
+        adds = list(generate_summaries(
+            '--topo-order', '--reverse', '%s..%s'
+            % (self.old.commit_sha1, self.new.commit_sha1,)
+            ))
+
+        yield self.expand("The following commit(s) were added to %(refname)s by this push:\n")
+        for (sha1, subject) in adds:
+            yield self.expand(
+                BRIEF_SUMMARY_TEMPLATE, action='new',
+                rev_short=sha1, text=subject,
+                )
+
+        yield self._single_revision.rev.short + " is described below\n"
+        yield '\n'
+
+        for line in self._single_revision.generate_email_body(push):
+            yield line
 
 
 class AnnotatedTagChange(ReferenceChange):
@@ -1380,22 +1959,27 @@ class SendMailer(Mailer):
     def send(self, lines, to_addrs):
         try:
             p = subprocess.Popen(self.command, stdin=subprocess.PIPE)
-        except OSError, e:
+        except OSError:
             sys.stderr.write(
-                '*** Cannot execute command: %s\n' % ' '.join(self.command)
-                + '*** %s\n' % str(e)
-                + '*** Try setting multimailhook.mailer to "smtp"\n'
+                '*** Cannot execute command: %s\n' % ' '.join(self.command) +
+                '*** %s\n' % sys.exc_info()[1] +
+                '*** Try setting multimailhook.mailer to "smtp"\n' +
                 '*** to send emails without using the sendmail command.\n'
                 )
             sys.exit(1)
         try:
+            lines = (str_to_bytes(line) for line in lines)
             p.stdin.writelines(lines)
-        except:
+        except Exception:
             sys.stderr.write(
                 '*** Error while generating commit email\n'
                 '***  - mail sending aborted.\n'
                 )
-            p.terminate()
+            try:
+                # subprocess.terminate() is not available in Python 2.4
+                p.terminate()
+            except AttributeError:
+                pass
             raise
         else:
             p.stdin.close()
@@ -1407,36 +1991,136 @@ class SendMailer(Mailer):
 class SMTPMailer(Mailer):
     """Send emails using Python's smtplib."""
 
-    def __init__(self, envelopesender, smtpserver):
+    def __init__(self, envelopesender, smtpserver,
+                 smtpservertimeout=10.0, smtpserverdebuglevel=0,
+                 smtpencryption='none',
+                 smtpuser='', smtppass='',
+                 smtpcacerts=''
+                 ):
         if not envelopesender:
             sys.stderr.write(
                 'fatal: git_multimail: cannot use SMTPMailer without a sender address.\n'
                 'please set either multimailhook.envelopeSender or user.email\n'
                 )
             sys.exit(1)
+        if smtpencryption == 'ssl' and not (smtpuser and smtppass):
+            raise ConfigurationException(
+                'Cannot use SMTPMailer with security option ssl '
+                'without options username and password.'
+                )
         self.envelopesender = envelopesender
         self.smtpserver = smtpserver
+        self.smtpservertimeout = smtpservertimeout
+        self.smtpserverdebuglevel = smtpserverdebuglevel
+        self.security = smtpencryption
+        self.username = smtpuser
+        self.password = smtppass
+        self.smtpcacerts = smtpcacerts
         try:
-            self.smtp = smtplib.SMTP(self.smtpserver)
-        except Exception, e:
-            sys.stderr.write('*** Error establishing SMTP connection to %s***\n' % self.smtpserver)
-            sys.stderr.write('*** %s\n' % str(e))
+            def call(klass, server, timeout):
+                try:
+                    return klass(server, timeout=timeout)
+                except TypeError:
+                    # Old Python versions do not have timeout= argument.
+                    return klass(server)
+            if self.security == 'none':
+                self.smtp = call(smtplib.SMTP, self.smtpserver, timeout=self.smtpservertimeout)
+            elif self.security == 'ssl':
+                if self.smtpcacerts:
+                    raise smtplib.SMTPException(
+                        "Checking certificate is not supported for ssl, prefer starttls"
+                        )
+                self.smtp = call(smtplib.SMTP_SSL, self.smtpserver, timeout=self.smtpservertimeout)
+            elif self.security == 'tls':
+                if 'ssl' not in sys.modules:
+                    sys.stderr.write(
+                        '*** Your Python version does not have the ssl library installed\n'
+                        '*** smtpEncryption=tls is not available.\n'
+                        '*** Either upgrade Python to 2.6 or later\n'
+                        '    or use git_multimail.py version 1.2.\n')
+                if ':' not in self.smtpserver:
+                    self.smtpserver += ':587'  # default port for TLS
+                self.smtp = call(smtplib.SMTP, self.smtpserver, timeout=self.smtpservertimeout)
+                # start: ehlo + starttls
+                # equivalent to
+                #     self.smtp.ehlo()
+                #     self.smtp.starttls()
+                # with acces to the ssl layer
+                self.smtp.ehlo()
+                if not self.smtp.has_extn("starttls"):
+                    raise smtplib.SMTPException("STARTTLS extension not supported by server")
+                resp, reply = self.smtp.docmd("STARTTLS")
+                if resp != 220:
+                    raise smtplib.SMTPException("Wrong answer to the STARTTLS command")
+                if self.smtpcacerts:
+                    self.smtp.sock = ssl.wrap_socket(
+                        self.smtp.sock,
+                        ca_certs=self.smtpcacerts,
+                        cert_reqs=ssl.CERT_REQUIRED
+                        )
+                else:
+                    self.smtp.sock = ssl.wrap_socket(
+                        self.smtp.sock,
+                        cert_reqs=ssl.CERT_NONE
+                        )
+                    sys.stderr.write(
+                        '*** Warning, the server certificat is not verified (smtp) ***\n'
+                        '***          set the option smtpCACerts                   ***\n'
+                        )
+                if not hasattr(self.smtp.sock, "read"):
+                    # using httplib.FakeSocket with Python 2.5.x or earlier
+                    self.smtp.sock.read = self.smtp.sock.recv
+                self.smtp.file = smtplib.SSLFakeFile(self.smtp.sock)
+                self.smtp.helo_resp = None
+                self.smtp.ehlo_resp = None
+                self.smtp.esmtp_features = {}
+                self.smtp.does_esmtp = 0
+                # end:   ehlo + starttls
+                self.smtp.ehlo()
+            else:
+                sys.stdout.write('*** Error: Control reached an invalid option. ***')
+                sys.exit(1)
+            if self.smtpserverdebuglevel > 0:
+                sys.stdout.write(
+                    "*** Setting debug on for SMTP server connection (%s) ***\n"
+                    % self.smtpserverdebuglevel)
+                self.smtp.set_debuglevel(self.smtpserverdebuglevel)
+        except Exception:
+            sys.stderr.write(
+                '*** Error establishing SMTP connection to %s ***\n'
+                % self.smtpserver)
+            sys.stderr.write('*** %s\n' % sys.exc_info()[1])
             sys.exit(1)
 
     def __del__(self):
-        self.smtp.quit()
+        if hasattr(self, 'smtp'):
+            self.smtp.quit()
+            del self.smtp
 
     def send(self, lines, to_addrs):
         try:
+            if self.username or self.password:
+                self.smtp.login(self.username, self.password)
             msg = ''.join(lines)
             # turn comma-separated list into Python list if needed.
-            if isinstance(to_addrs, basestring):
+            if is_string(to_addrs):
                 to_addrs = [email for (name, email) in getaddresses([to_addrs])]
             self.smtp.sendmail(self.envelopesender, to_addrs, msg)
-        except Exception, e:
-            sys.stderr.write('*** Error sending email***\n')
-            sys.stderr.write('*** %s\n' % str(e))
-            self.smtp.quit()
+        except smtplib.SMTPResponseException:
+            sys.stderr.write('*** Error sending email ***\n')
+            err = sys.exc_info()[1]
+            sys.stderr.write('*** Error %d: %s\n' % (err.smtp_code,
+                                                     bytes_to_str(err.smtp_error)))
+            try:
+                smtp = self.smtp
+                # delete the field before quit() so that in case of
+                # error, self.smtp is deleted anyway.
+                del self.smtp
+                smtp.quit()
+            except:
+                sys.stderr.write('*** Error closing the SMTP connection ***\n')
+                sys.stderr.write('*** Exiting anyway ... ***\n')
+                sys.stderr.write('*** %s\n' % sys.exc_info()[1])
             sys.exit(1)
 
 
@@ -1451,9 +2135,10 @@ class OutputMailer(Mailer):
         self.f = f
 
     def send(self, lines, to_addrs):
-        self.f.write(self.SEPARATOR)
-        self.f.writelines(lines)
-        self.f.write(self.SEPARATOR)
+        write_str(self.f, self.SEPARATOR)
+        for line in lines:
+            write_str(self.f, line)
+        write_str(self.f, self.SEPARATOR)
 
 
 def get_git_dir():
@@ -1519,11 +2204,13 @@ class Environment(object):
             Return the address to be used as the 'From' email address
             in the email envelope.
 
-        get_fromaddr()
+        get_fromaddr(change=None)
 
             Return the 'From' email address used in the email 'From:'
-            headers.  (May be a full RFC 2822 email address like 'Joe
-            User <user@example.com>'.)
+            headers.  If the change is known when this function is
+            called, it is passed in as the 'change' parameter.  (May
+            be a full RFC 2822 email address like 'Joe User
+            <user@example.com>'.)
 
         get_administrator()
 
@@ -1543,12 +2230,41 @@ class Environment(object):
             get_reply_to_commit() is used for individual commit
             emails.
 
+        get_ref_filter_regex()
+
+            Return a tuple -- a compiled regex, and a boolean indicating
+            whether the regex picks refs to include (if False, the regex
+            matches on refs to exclude).
+
+        get_default_ref_ignore_regex()
+
+            Return a regex that should be ignored for both what emails
+            to send and when computing what commits are considered new
+            to the repository.  Default is "^refs/notes/".
+
     They should also define the following attributes:
 
         announce_show_shortlog (bool)
 
             True iff announce emails should include a shortlog.
 
+        commit_email_format (string)
+
+            If "html", generate commit emails in HTML instead of plain text
+            used by default.
+
+        html_in_intro (bool)
+        html_in_footer (bool)
+
+            When generating HTML emails, the introduction (respectively,
+            the footer) will be HTML-escaped iff html_in_intro (respectively,
+            the footer) is true. When false, only the values used to expand
+            the template are escaped.
+
+        refchange_showgraph (bool)
+
+            True iff refchanges emails should include a detailed graph.
+
         refchange_showlog (bool)
 
             True iff refchanges emails should include a detailed log.
@@ -1559,6 +2275,12 @@ class Environment(object):
             summary email.  The value should be a list of strings
             representing words to be passed to the command.
 
+        graphopts (list of strings)
+
+            Analogous to diffopts, but contains options passed to
+            'git log --graph' when generating the detailed graph for
+            a set of commits (see refchange_showgraph)
+
         logopts (list of strings)
 
             Analogous to diffopts, but contains options passed to
@@ -1571,6 +2293,29 @@ class Environment(object):
             commit mail.  The value should be a list of strings
             representing words to be passed to the command.
 
+        date_substitute (string)
+
+            String to be used in substitution for 'Date:' at start of
+            line in the output of 'git log'.
+
+        quiet (bool)
+            On success do not write to stderr
+
+        stdout (bool)
+            Write email to stdout rather than emailing. Useful for debugging
+
+        combine_when_single_commit (bool)
+
+            True if a combined email should be produced when a single
+            new commit is pushed to a branch, False otherwise.
+
+        from_refchange, from_commit (strings)
+
+            Addresses to use for the From: field for refchange emails
+            and commit emails respectively.  Set from
+            multimailhook.fromRefchange and multimailhook.fromCommit
+            by ConfigEnvironmentMixin.
+
     """
 
     REPO_NAME_RE = re.compile(r'^(?P<name>.+?)(?:\.git)$')
@@ -1578,17 +2323,26 @@ class Environment(object):
     def __init__(self, osenv=None):
         self.osenv = osenv or os.environ
         self.announce_show_shortlog = False
+        self.commit_email_format = "text"
+        self.html_in_intro = False
+        self.html_in_footer = False
+        self.commitBrowseURL = None
         self.maxcommitemails = 500
         self.diffopts = ['--stat', '--summary', '--find-copies-harder']
+        self.graphopts = ['--oneline', '--decorate']
         self.logopts = []
+        self.refchange_showgraph = False
         self.refchange_showlog = False
         self.commitlogopts = ['-C', '--stat', '-p', '--cc']
+        self.date_substitute = 'AuthorDate: '
+        self.quiet = False
+        self.stdout = False
+        self.combine_when_single_commit = True
 
         self.COMPUTED_KEYS = [
             'administrator',
             'charset',
             'emailprefix',
-            'fromaddr',
             'pusher',
             'pusher_email',
             'repo_path',
@@ -1614,6 +2368,14 @@ class Environment(object):
     def get_pusher_email(self):
         return None
 
+    def get_fromaddr(self, change=None):
+        config = Config('user')
+        fromname = config.get('name', default='')
+        fromemail = config.get('email', default='')
+        if fromemail:
+            return formataddr([fromname, fromemail])
+        return self.get_sender()
+
     def get_administrator(self):
         return 'the administrator of this repository'
 
@@ -1631,7 +2393,7 @@ class Environment(object):
         return CHARSET
 
     def get_values(self):
-        """Return a dictionary {keyword : expansion} for this Environment.
+        """Return a dictionary {keyword: expansion} for this Environment.
 
         This method is called by Change._compute_values().  The keys
         in the returned dictionary are available to be used in any of
@@ -1641,7 +2403,7 @@ class Environment(object):
         The return value is always a new dictionary."""
 
         if self._values is None:
-            values = {}
+            values = {'': ''}  # %()s expands to the empty string.
 
             for key in self.COMPUTED_KEYS:
                 value = getattr(self, 'get_%s' % (key,))()
@@ -1688,6 +2450,15 @@ class Environment(object):
     def get_reply_to_commit(self, revision):
         return revision.author
 
+    def get_default_ref_ignore_regex(self):
+        # The commit messages of git notes are essentially meaningless
+        # and "filenames" in git notes commits are an implementational
+        # detail that might surprise users at first.  As such, we
+        # would need a completely different method for handling emails
+        # of git notes in order for them to be of benefit for users,
+        # which we simply do not have right now.
+        return "^refs/notes/"
+
     def filter_body(self, lines):
         """Filter the lines intended for an email body.
 
@@ -1699,6 +2470,24 @@ class Environment(object):
 
         return lines
 
+    def log_msg(self, msg):
+        """Write the string msg on a log file or on stderr.
+
+        Sends the text to stderr by default, override to change the behavior."""
+        write_str(sys.stderr, msg)
+
+    def log_warning(self, msg):
+        """Write the string msg on a log file or on stderr.
+
+        Sends the text to stderr by default, override to change the behavior."""
+        write_str(sys.stderr, msg)
+
+    def log_error(self, msg):
+        """Write the string msg on a log file or on stderr.
+
+        Sends the text to stderr by default, override to change the behavior."""
+        write_str(sys.stderr, msg)
+
 
 class ConfigEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
     """A mixin that sets self.config to its constructor's config argument.
@@ -1718,33 +2507,70 @@ class ConfigEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
 class ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin(ConfigEnvironmentMixin):
     """An Environment that reads most of its information from "git config"."""
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def forbid_field_values(name, value, forbidden):
+        for forbidden_val in forbidden:
+            if value is not None and value.lower() == forbidden:
+                raise ConfigurationException(
+                    '"%s" is not an allowed setting for %s' % (value, name)
+                    )
+
     def __init__(self, config, **kw):
         super(ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin, self).__init__(
             config=config, **kw
             )
 
-        self.announce_show_shortlog = config.get_bool(
-            'announceshortlog', default=self.announce_show_shortlog
-            )
+        for var, cfg in (
+                ('announce_show_shortlog', 'announceshortlog'),
+                ('refchange_showgraph', 'refchangeShowGraph'),
+                ('refchange_showlog', 'refchangeshowlog'),
+                ('quiet', 'quiet'),
+                ('stdout', 'stdout'),
+                ):
+            val = config.get_bool(cfg)
+            if val is not None:
+                setattr(self, var, val)
+
+        commit_email_format = config.get('commitEmailFormat')
+        if commit_email_format is not None:
+            if commit_email_format != "html" and commit_email_format != "text":
+                self.log_warning(
+                    '*** Unknown value for multimailhook.commitEmailFormat: %s\n' %
+                    commit_email_format +
+                    '*** Expected either "text" or "html".  Ignoring.\n'
+                    )
+            else:
+                self.commit_email_format = commit_email_format
 
-        self.refchange_showlog = config.get_bool(
-            'refchangeshowlog', default=self.refchange_showlog
-            )
+        html_in_intro = config.get_bool('htmlInIntro')
+        if html_in_intro is not None:
+            self.html_in_intro = html_in_intro
+
+        html_in_footer = config.get_bool('htmlInFooter')
+        if html_in_footer is not None:
+            self.html_in_footer = html_in_footer
+
+        self.commitBrowseURL = config.get('commitBrowseURL')
 
         maxcommitemails = config.get('maxcommitemails')
         if maxcommitemails is not None:
             try:
                 self.maxcommitemails = int(maxcommitemails)
             except ValueError:
-                sys.stderr.write(
-                    '*** Malformed value for multimailhook.maxCommitEmails: %s\n' % maxcommitemails
-                    + '*** Expected a number.  Ignoring.\n'
+                self.log_warning(
+                    '*** Malformed value for multimailhook.maxCommitEmails: %s\n'
+                    % maxcommitemails +
+                    '*** Expected a number.  Ignoring.\n'
                     )
 
         diffopts = config.get('diffopts')
         if diffopts is not None:
             self.diffopts = shlex.split(diffopts)
 
+        graphopts = config.get('graphOpts')
+        if graphopts is not None:
+            self.graphopts = shlex.split(graphopts)
+
         logopts = config.get('logopts')
         if logopts is not None:
             self.logopts = shlex.split(logopts)
@@ -1753,74 +2579,98 @@ class ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin(ConfigEnvironmentMixin):
         if commitlogopts is not None:
             self.commitlogopts = shlex.split(commitlogopts)
 
+        date_substitute = config.get('dateSubstitute')
+        if date_substitute == 'none':
+            self.date_substitute = None
+        elif date_substitute is not None:
+            self.date_substitute = date_substitute
+
         reply_to = config.get('replyTo')
         self.__reply_to_refchange = config.get('replyToRefchange', default=reply_to)
-        if (
-            self.__reply_to_refchange is not None
-            and self.__reply_to_refchange.lower() == 'author'
-            ):
-            raise ConfigurationException(
-                '"author" is not an allowed setting for replyToRefchange'
-                )
+        self.forbid_field_values('replyToRefchange',
+                                 self.__reply_to_refchange,
+                                 ['author'])
         self.__reply_to_commit = config.get('replyToCommit', default=reply_to)
 
+        self.from_refchange = config.get('fromRefchange')
+        self.forbid_field_values('fromRefchange',
+                                 self.from_refchange,
+                                 ['author', 'none'])
+        self.from_commit = config.get('fromCommit')
+        self.forbid_field_values('fromCommit',
+                                 self.from_commit,
+                                 ['none'])
+
+        combine = config.get_bool('combineWhenSingleCommit')
+        if combine is not None:
+            self.combine_when_single_commit = combine
+
     def get_administrator(self):
         return (
-            self.config.get('administrator')
-            or self.get_sender()
-            or super(ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin, self).get_administrator()
+            self.config.get('administrator') or
+            self.get_sender() or
+            super(ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin, self).get_administrator()
             )
 
     def get_repo_shortname(self):
         return (
-            self.config.get('reponame')
-            or super(ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin, self).get_repo_shortname()
+            self.config.get('reponame') or
+            super(ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin, self).get_repo_shortname()
             )
 
     def get_emailprefix(self):
         emailprefix = self.config.get('emailprefix')
-        if emailprefix and emailprefix.strip():
-            return emailprefix.strip() + ' '
+        if emailprefix is not None:
+            emailprefix = emailprefix.strip()
+            if emailprefix:
+                return emailprefix + ' '
+            else:
+                return ''
         else:
             return '[%s] ' % (self.get_repo_shortname(),)
 
     def get_sender(self):
         return self.config.get('envelopesender')
 
-    def get_fromaddr(self):
+    def process_addr(self, addr, change):
+        if addr.lower() == 'author':
+            if hasattr(change, 'author'):
+                return change.author
+            else:
+                return None
+        elif addr.lower() == 'pusher':
+            return self.get_pusher_email()
+        elif addr.lower() == 'none':
+            return None
+        else:
+            return addr
+
+    def get_fromaddr(self, change=None):
         fromaddr = self.config.get('from')
+        if change:
+            alt_fromaddr = change.get_alt_fromaddr()
+            if alt_fromaddr:
+                fromaddr = alt_fromaddr
+        if fromaddr:
+            fromaddr = self.process_addr(fromaddr, change)
         if fromaddr:
             return fromaddr
-        else:
-            config = Config('user')
-            fromname = config.get('name', default='')
-            fromemail = config.get('email', default='')
-            if fromemail:
-                return formataddr([fromname, fromemail])
-            else:
-                return self.get_sender()
+        return super(ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin, self).get_fromaddr(change)
 
     def get_reply_to_refchange(self, refchange):
         if self.__reply_to_refchange is None:
             return super(ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin, self).get_reply_to_refchange(refchange)
-        elif self.__reply_to_refchange.lower() == 'pusher':
-            return self.get_pusher_email()
-        elif self.__reply_to_refchange.lower() == 'none':
-            return None
         else:
-            return self.__reply_to_refchange
+            return self.process_addr(self.__reply_to_refchange, refchange)
 
     def get_reply_to_commit(self, revision):
         if self.__reply_to_commit is None:
             return super(ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin, self).get_reply_to_commit(revision)
-        elif self.__reply_to_commit.lower() == 'author':
-            return revision.get_author()
-        elif self.__reply_to_commit.lower() == 'pusher':
-            return self.get_pusher_email()
-        elif self.__reply_to_commit.lower() == 'none':
-            return None
         else:
-            return self.__reply_to_commit
+            return self.process_addr(self.__reply_to_commit, revision)
+
+    def get_scancommitforcc(self):
+        return self.config.get('scancommitforcc')
 
 
 class FilterLinesEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
@@ -1849,12 +2699,14 @@ class FilterLinesEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
     def filter_body(self, lines):
         lines = super(FilterLinesEnvironmentMixin, self).filter_body(lines)
         if self.__strict_utf8:
-            lines = (line.decode(ENCODING, 'replace') for line in lines)
+            if not PYTHON3:
+                lines = (line.decode(ENCODING, 'replace') for line in lines)
             # Limit the line length in Unicode-space to avoid
             # splitting characters:
             if self.__emailmaxlinelength:
                 lines = limit_linelength(lines, self.__emailmaxlinelength)
-            lines = (line.encode(ENCODING, 'replace') for line in lines)
+            if not PYTHON3:
+                lines = (line.encode(ENCODING, 'replace') for line in lines)
         elif self.__emailmaxlinelength:
             lines = limit_linelength(lines, self.__emailmaxlinelength)
 
@@ -1862,9 +2714,9 @@ class FilterLinesEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
 
 
 class ConfigFilterLinesEnvironmentMixin(
-    ConfigEnvironmentMixin,
-    FilterLinesEnvironmentMixin,
-    ):
+        ConfigEnvironmentMixin,
+        FilterLinesEnvironmentMixin,
+        ):
     """Handle encoding and maximum line length based on config."""
 
     def __init__(self, config, **kw):
@@ -1896,9 +2748,9 @@ class MaxlinesEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
 
 
 class ConfigMaxlinesEnvironmentMixin(
-    ConfigEnvironmentMixin,
-    MaxlinesEnvironmentMixin,
-    ):
+        ConfigEnvironmentMixin,
+        MaxlinesEnvironmentMixin,
+        ):
     """Limit the email body to the number of lines specified in config."""
 
     def __init__(self, config, **kw):
@@ -1927,9 +2779,9 @@ class FQDNEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
 
 
 class ConfigFQDNEnvironmentMixin(
-    ConfigEnvironmentMixin,
-    FQDNEnvironmentMixin,
-    ):
+        ConfigEnvironmentMixin,
+        FQDNEnvironmentMixin,
+        ):
     """Read the FQDN from the config."""
 
     def __init__(self, config, **kw):
@@ -1970,10 +2822,10 @@ class StaticRecipientsEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
     """Set recipients statically based on constructor parameters."""
 
     def __init__(
-        self,
-        refchange_recipients, announce_recipients, revision_recipients,
-        **kw
-        ):
+            self,
+            refchange_recipients, announce_recipients, revision_recipients, scancommitforcc,
+            **kw
+            ):
         super(StaticRecipientsEnvironmentMixin, self).__init__(**kw)
 
         # The recipients for various types of notification emails, as
@@ -1983,9 +2835,10 @@ class StaticRecipientsEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
         # actual *contents* of the change being reported, we only
         # choose based on the *type* of the change.  Therefore we can
         # compute them once and for all:
-        if not (refchange_recipients
-                or announce_recipients
-                or revision_recipients):
+        if not (refchange_recipients or
+                announce_recipients or
+                revision_recipients or
+                scancommitforcc):
             raise ConfigurationException('No email recipients configured!')
         self.__refchange_recipients = refchange_recipients
         self.__announce_recipients = announce_recipients
@@ -2002,9 +2855,9 @@ class StaticRecipientsEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
 
 
 class ConfigRecipientsEnvironmentMixin(
-    ConfigEnvironmentMixin,
-    StaticRecipientsEnvironmentMixin
-    ):
+        ConfigEnvironmentMixin,
+        StaticRecipientsEnvironmentMixin
+        ):
     """Determine recipients statically based on config."""
 
     def __init__(self, config, **kw):
@@ -2019,6 +2872,7 @@ class ConfigRecipientsEnvironmentMixin(
             revision_recipients=self._get_recipients(
                 config, 'commitlist', 'mailinglist',
                 ),
+            scancommitforcc=config.get('scancommitforcc'),
             **kw
             )
 
@@ -2034,13 +2888,104 @@ class ConfigRecipientsEnvironmentMixin(
         found, raise a ConfigurationException."""
 
         for name in names:
-            retval = config.get_recipients(name)
-            if retval is not None:
-                return retval
+            lines = config.get_all(name)
+            if lines is not None:
+                lines = [line.strip() for line in lines]
+                # Single "none" is a special value equivalen to empty string.
+                if lines == ['none']:
+                    lines = ['']
+                return ', '.join(lines)
         else:
             return ''
 
 
+class StaticRefFilterEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
+    """Set branch filter statically based on constructor parameters."""
+
+    def __init__(self, ref_filter_incl_regex, ref_filter_excl_regex,
+                 ref_filter_do_send_regex, ref_filter_dont_send_regex,
+                 **kw):
+        super(StaticRefFilterEnvironmentMixin, self).__init__(**kw)
+
+        if ref_filter_incl_regex and ref_filter_excl_regex:
+            raise ConfigurationException(
+                "Cannot specify both a ref inclusion and exclusion regex.")
+        self.__is_inclusion_filter = bool(ref_filter_incl_regex)
+        default_exclude = self.get_default_ref_ignore_regex()
+        if ref_filter_incl_regex:
+            ref_filter_regex = ref_filter_incl_regex
+        elif ref_filter_excl_regex:
+            ref_filter_regex = ref_filter_excl_regex + '|' + default_exclude
+        else:
+            ref_filter_regex = default_exclude
+        try:
+            self.__compiled_regex = re.compile(ref_filter_regex)
+        except Exception:
+            raise ConfigurationException(
+                'Invalid Ref Filter Regex "%s": %s' % (ref_filter_regex, sys.exc_info()[1]))
+
+        if ref_filter_do_send_regex and ref_filter_dont_send_regex:
+            raise ConfigurationException(
+                "Cannot specify both a ref doSend and dontSend regex.")
+        if ref_filter_do_send_regex or ref_filter_dont_send_regex:
+            self.__is_do_send_filter = bool(ref_filter_do_send_regex)
+            if ref_filter_incl_regex:
+                ref_filter_send_regex = ref_filter_incl_regex
+            elif ref_filter_excl_regex:
+                ref_filter_send_regex = ref_filter_excl_regex
+            else:
+                ref_filter_send_regex = '.*'
+                self.__is_do_send_filter = True
+            try:
+                self.__send_compiled_regex = re.compile(ref_filter_send_regex)
+            except Exception:
+                raise ConfigurationException(
+                    'Invalid Ref Filter Regex "%s": %s' %
+                    (ref_filter_send_regex, sys.exc_info()[1]))
+        else:
+            self.__send_compiled_regex = self.__compiled_regex
+            self.__is_do_send_filter = self.__is_inclusion_filter
+
+    def get_ref_filter_regex(self, send_filter=False):
+        if send_filter:
+            return self.__send_compiled_regex, self.__is_do_send_filter
+        else:
+            return self.__compiled_regex, self.__is_inclusion_filter
+
+
+class ConfigRefFilterEnvironmentMixin(
+        ConfigEnvironmentMixin,
+        StaticRefFilterEnvironmentMixin
+        ):
+    """Determine branch filtering statically based on config."""
+
+    def _get_regex(self, config, key):
+        """Get a list of whitespace-separated regex. The refFilter* config
+        variables are multivalued (hence the use of get_all), and we
+        allow each entry to be a whitespace-separated list (hence the
+        split on each line). The whole thing is glued into a single regex."""
+        values = config.get_all(key)
+        if values is None:
+            return values
+        items = []
+        for line in values:
+            for i in line.split():
+                items.append(i)
+        if items == []:
+            return None
+        return '|'.join(items)
+
+    def __init__(self, config, **kw):
+        super(ConfigRefFilterEnvironmentMixin, self).__init__(
+            config=config,
+            ref_filter_incl_regex=self._get_regex(config, 'refFilterInclusionRegex'),
+            ref_filter_excl_regex=self._get_regex(config, 'refFilterExclusionRegex'),
+            ref_filter_do_send_regex=self._get_regex(config, 'refFilterDoSendRegex'),
+            ref_filter_dont_send_regex=self._get_regex(config, 'refFilterDontSendRegex'),
+            **kw
+            )
+
+
 class ProjectdescEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
     """Make a "projectdesc" value available for templates.
 
@@ -2067,20 +3012,21 @@ class ProjectdescEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
 
 class GenericEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
     def get_pusher(self):
-        return self.osenv.get('USER', 'unknown user')
+        return self.osenv.get('USER', self.osenv.get('USERNAME', 'unknown user'))
 
 
 class GenericEnvironment(
-    ProjectdescEnvironmentMixin,
-    ConfigMaxlinesEnvironmentMixin,
-    ComputeFQDNEnvironmentMixin,
-    ConfigFilterLinesEnvironmentMixin,
-    ConfigRecipientsEnvironmentMixin,
-    PusherDomainEnvironmentMixin,
-    ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin,
-    GenericEnvironmentMixin,
-    Environment,
-    ):
+        ProjectdescEnvironmentMixin,
+        ConfigMaxlinesEnvironmentMixin,
+        ComputeFQDNEnvironmentMixin,
+        ConfigFilterLinesEnvironmentMixin,
+        ConfigRecipientsEnvironmentMixin,
+        ConfigRefFilterEnvironmentMixin,
+        PusherDomainEnvironmentMixin,
+        ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin,
+        GenericEnvironmentMixin,
+        Environment,
+        ):
     pass
 
 
@@ -2090,13 +3036,52 @@ class GitoliteEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
         # repo_shortname (though it's probably not as good as a value
         # the user might have explicitly put in his config).
         return (
-            self.osenv.get('GL_REPO', None)
-            or super(GitoliteEnvironmentMixin, self).get_repo_shortname()
+            self.osenv.get('GL_REPO', None) or
+            super(GitoliteEnvironmentMixin, self).get_repo_shortname()
             )
 
     def get_pusher(self):
         return self.osenv.get('GL_USER', 'unknown user')
 
+    def get_fromaddr(self, change=None):
+        GL_USER = self.osenv.get('GL_USER')
+        if GL_USER is not None:
+            # Find the path to gitolite.conf.  Note that gitolite v3
+            # did away with the GL_ADMINDIR and GL_CONF environment
+            # variables (they are now hard-coded).
+            GL_ADMINDIR = self.osenv.get(
+                'GL_ADMINDIR',
+                os.path.expanduser(os.path.join('~', '.gitolite')))
+            GL_CONF = self.osenv.get(
+                'GL_CONF',
+                os.path.join(GL_ADMINDIR, 'conf', 'gitolite.conf'))
+            if os.path.isfile(GL_CONF):
+                f = open(GL_CONF, 'rU')
+                try:
+                    in_user_emails_section = False
+                    re_template = r'^\s*#\s*%s\s*$'
+                    re_begin, re_user, re_end = (
+                        re.compile(re_template % x)
+                        for x in (
+                            r'BEGIN\s+USER\s+EMAILS',
+                            re.escape(GL_USER) + r'\s+(.*)',
+                            r'END\s+USER\s+EMAILS',
+                            ))
+                    for l in f:
+                        l = l.rstrip('\n')
+                        if not in_user_emails_section:
+                            if re_begin.match(l):
+                                in_user_emails_section = True
+                            continue
+                        if re_end.match(l):
+                            break
+                        m = re_user.match(l)
+                        if m:
+                            return m.group(1)
+                finally:
+                    f.close()
+        return super(GitoliteEnvironmentMixin, self).get_fromaddr(change)
+
 
 class IncrementalDateTime(object):
     """Simple wrapper to give incremental date/times.
@@ -2108,24 +3093,137 @@ class IncrementalDateTime(object):
 
     def __init__(self):
         self.time = time.time()
+        self.next = self.__next__  # Python 2 backward compatibility
 
-    def next(self):
+    def __next__(self):
         formatted = formatdate(self.time, True)
         self.time += 1
         return formatted
 
 
 class GitoliteEnvironment(
-    ProjectdescEnvironmentMixin,
-    ConfigMaxlinesEnvironmentMixin,
-    ComputeFQDNEnvironmentMixin,
-    ConfigFilterLinesEnvironmentMixin,
-    ConfigRecipientsEnvironmentMixin,
-    PusherDomainEnvironmentMixin,
-    ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin,
-    GitoliteEnvironmentMixin,
-    Environment,
-    ):
+        ProjectdescEnvironmentMixin,
+        ConfigMaxlinesEnvironmentMixin,
+        ComputeFQDNEnvironmentMixin,
+        ConfigFilterLinesEnvironmentMixin,
+        ConfigRecipientsEnvironmentMixin,
+        ConfigRefFilterEnvironmentMixin,
+        PusherDomainEnvironmentMixin,
+        ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin,
+        GitoliteEnvironmentMixin,
+        Environment,
+        ):
+    pass
+
+
+class StashEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
+    def __init__(self, user=None, repo=None, **kw):
+        super(StashEnvironmentMixin, self).__init__(**kw)
+        self.__user = user
+        self.__repo = repo
+
+    def get_repo_shortname(self):
+        return self.__repo
+
+    def get_pusher(self):
+        return re.match('(.*?)\s*<', self.__user).group(1)
+
+    def get_pusher_email(self):
+        return self.__user
+
+    def get_fromaddr(self, change=None):
+        return self.__user
+
+
+class StashEnvironment(
+        StashEnvironmentMixin,
+        ProjectdescEnvironmentMixin,
+        ConfigMaxlinesEnvironmentMixin,
+        ComputeFQDNEnvironmentMixin,
+        ConfigFilterLinesEnvironmentMixin,
+        ConfigRecipientsEnvironmentMixin,
+        ConfigRefFilterEnvironmentMixin,
+        PusherDomainEnvironmentMixin,
+        ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin,
+        Environment,
+        ):
+    pass
+
+
+class GerritEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
+    def __init__(self, project=None, submitter=None, update_method=None, **kw):
+        super(GerritEnvironmentMixin, self).__init__(**kw)
+        self.__project = project
+        self.__submitter = submitter
+        self.__update_method = update_method
+        "Make an 'update_method' value available for templates."
+        self.COMPUTED_KEYS += ['update_method']
+
+    def get_repo_shortname(self):
+        return self.__project
+
+    def get_pusher(self):
+        if self.__submitter:
+            if self.__submitter.find('<') != -1:
+                # Submitter has a configured email, we transformed
+                # __submitter into an RFC 2822 string already.
+                return re.match('(.*?)\s*<', self.__submitter).group(1)
+            else:
+                # Submitter has no configured email, it's just his name.
+                return self.__submitter
+        else:
+            # If we arrive here, this means someone pushed "Submit" from
+            # the gerrit web UI for the CR (or used one of the programmatic
+            # APIs to do the same, such as gerrit review) and the
+            # merge/push was done by the Gerrit user.  It was technically
+            # triggered by someone else, but sadly we have no way of
+            # determining who that someone else is at this point.
+            return 'Gerrit'  # 'unknown user'?
+
+    def get_pusher_email(self):
+        if self.__submitter:
+            return self.__submitter
+        else:
+            return super(GerritEnvironmentMixin, self).get_pusher_email()
+
+    def get_fromaddr(self, change=None):
+        if self.__submitter and self.__submitter.find('<') != -1:
+            return self.__submitter
+        else:
+            return super(GerritEnvironmentMixin, self).get_fromaddr(change)
+
+    def get_default_ref_ignore_regex(self):
+        default = super(GerritEnvironmentMixin, self).get_default_ref_ignore_regex()
+        return default + '|^refs/changes/|^refs/cache-automerge/|^refs/meta/'
+
+    def get_revision_recipients(self, revision):
+        # Merge commits created by Gerrit when users hit "Submit this patchset"
+        # in the Web UI (or do equivalently with REST APIs or the gerrit review
+        # command) are not something users want to see an individual email for.
+        # Filter them out.
+        committer = read_git_output(['log', '--no-walk', '--format=%cN',
+                                     revision.rev.sha1])
+        if committer == 'Gerrit Code Review':
+            return []
+        else:
+            return super(GerritEnvironmentMixin, self).get_revision_recipients(revision)
+
+    def get_update_method(self):
+        return self.__update_method
+
+
+class GerritEnvironment(
+        GerritEnvironmentMixin,
+        ProjectdescEnvironmentMixin,
+        ConfigMaxlinesEnvironmentMixin,
+        ComputeFQDNEnvironmentMixin,
+        ConfigFilterLinesEnvironmentMixin,
+        ConfigRecipientsEnvironmentMixin,
+        ConfigRefFilterEnvironmentMixin,
+        PusherDomainEnvironmentMixin,
+        ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin,
+        Environment,
+        ):
     pass
 
 
@@ -2149,9 +3247,9 @@ class Push(object):
     references.
 
     The first step is to determine the "other" references--those
-    unaffected by the current push.  They are computed by
-    Push._compute_other_ref_sha1s() by listing all references then
-    removing any affected by this push.
+    unaffected by the current push.  They are computed by listing all
+    references then removing any affected by this push.  The results
+    are stored in Push._other_ref_sha1s.
 
     The commits contained in the repository before this push were
 
@@ -2187,7 +3285,7 @@ class Push(object):
     possible and working with SHA1s thereafter (because SHA1s are
     immutable)."""
 
-    # A map {(changeclass, changetype) : integer} specifying the order
+    # A map {(changeclass, changetype): integer} specifying the order
     # that reference changes will be processed if multiple reference
     # changes are included in a single push.  The order is significant
     # mostly because new commit notifications are threaded together
@@ -2211,66 +3309,139 @@ class Push(object):
             ])
         )
 
-    def __init__(self, changes):
+    def __init__(self, environment, changes, ignore_other_refs=False):
         self.changes = sorted(changes, key=self._sort_key)
+        self.__other_ref_sha1s = None
+        self.__cached_commits_spec = {}
+        self.environment = environment
 
-        # The SHA-1s of commits referred to by references unaffected
-        # by this push:
-        other_ref_sha1s = self._compute_other_ref_sha1s()
+        if ignore_other_refs:
+            self.__other_ref_sha1s = set()
 
-        self._old_rev_exclusion_spec = self._compute_rev_exclusion_spec(
-            other_ref_sha1s.union(
-                change.old.sha1
+    @classmethod
+    def _sort_key(klass, change):
+        return (klass.SORT_ORDER[change.__class__, change.change_type], change.refname,)
+
+    @property
+    def _other_ref_sha1s(self):
+        """The GitObjects referred to by references unaffected by this push.
+        """
+        if self.__other_ref_sha1s is None:
+            # The refnames being changed by this push:
+            updated_refs = set(
+                change.refname
                 for change in self.changes
-                if change.old.type in ['commit', 'tag']
                 )
-            )
-        self._new_rev_exclusion_spec = self._compute_rev_exclusion_spec(
-            other_ref_sha1s.union(
-                change.new.sha1
-                for change in self.changes
-                if change.new.type in ['commit', 'tag']
+
+            # The SHA-1s of commits referred to by all references in this
+            # repository *except* updated_refs:
+            sha1s = set()
+            fmt = (
+                '%(objectname) %(objecttype) %(refname)\n'
+                '%(*objectname) %(*objecttype) %(refname)'
                 )
-            )
+            ref_filter_regex, is_inclusion_filter = \
+                self.environment.get_ref_filter_regex()
+            for line in read_git_lines(
+                    ['for-each-ref', '--format=%s' % (fmt,)]):
+                (sha1, type, name) = line.split(' ', 2)
+                if (sha1 and type == 'commit' and
+                        name not in updated_refs and
+                        include_ref(name, ref_filter_regex, is_inclusion_filter)):
+                    sha1s.add(sha1)
 
-    @classmethod
-    def _sort_key(klass, change):
-        return (klass.SORT_ORDER[change.__class__, change.change_type], change.refname,)
+            self.__other_ref_sha1s = sha1s
+
+        return self.__other_ref_sha1s
+
+    def _get_commits_spec_incl(self, new_or_old, reference_change=None):
+        """Get new or old SHA-1 from one or each of the changed refs.
+
+        Return a list of SHA-1 commit identifier strings suitable as
+        arguments to 'git rev-list' (or 'git log' or ...).  The
+        returned identifiers are either the old or new values from one
+        or all of the changed references, depending on the values of
+        new_or_old and reference_change.
 
-    def _compute_other_ref_sha1s(self):
-        """Return the GitObjects referred to by references unaffected by this push."""
+        new_or_old is either the string 'new' or the string 'old'.  If
+        'new', the returned SHA-1 identifiers are the new values from
+        each changed reference.  If 'old', the SHA-1 identifiers are
+        the old values from each changed reference.
+
+        If reference_change is specified and not None, only the new or
+        old reference from the specified reference is included in the
+        return value.
+
+        This function returns None if there are no matching revisions
+        (e.g., because a branch was deleted and new_or_old is 'new').
+        """
 
-        # The refnames being changed by this push:
-        updated_refs = set(
-            change.refname
+        if not reference_change:
+            incl_spec = sorted(
+                getattr(change, new_or_old).sha1
+                for change in self.changes
+                if getattr(change, new_or_old)
+                )
+            if not incl_spec:
+                incl_spec = None
+        elif not getattr(reference_change, new_or_old).commit_sha1:
+            incl_spec = None
+        else:
+            incl_spec = [getattr(reference_change, new_or_old).commit_sha1]
+        return incl_spec
+
+    def _get_commits_spec_excl(self, new_or_old):
+        """Get exclusion revisions for determining new or discarded commits.
+
+        Return a list of strings suitable as arguments to 'git
+        rev-list' (or 'git log' or ...) that will exclude all
+        commits that, depending on the value of new_or_old, were
+        either previously in the repository (useful for determining
+        which commits are new to the repository) or currently in the
+        repository (useful for determining which commits were
+        discarded from the repository).
+
+        new_or_old is either the string 'new' or the string 'old'.  If
+        'new', the commits to be excluded are those that were in the
+        repository before the push.  If 'old', the commits to be
+        excluded are those that are currently in the repository.  """
+
+        old_or_new = {'old': 'new', 'new': 'old'}[new_or_old]
+        excl_revs = self._other_ref_sha1s.union(
+            getattr(change, old_or_new).sha1
             for change in self.changes
+            if getattr(change, old_or_new).type in ['commit', 'tag']
             )
+        return ['^' + sha1 for sha1 in sorted(excl_revs)]
 
-        # The SHA-1s of commits referred to by all references in this
-        # repository *except* updated_refs:
-        sha1s = set()
-        fmt = (
-            '%(objectname) %(objecttype) %(refname)\n'
-            '%(*objectname) %(*objecttype) %(refname)'
-            )
-        for line in read_git_lines(['for-each-ref', '--format=%s' % (fmt,)]):
-            (sha1, type, name) = line.split(' ', 2)
-            if sha1 and type == 'commit' and name not in updated_refs:
-                sha1s.add(sha1)
+    def get_commits_spec(self, new_or_old, reference_change=None):
+        """Get rev-list arguments for added or discarded commits.
 
-        return sha1s
+        Return a list of strings suitable as arguments to 'git
+        rev-list' (or 'git log' or ...) that select those commits
+        that, depending on the value of new_or_old, are either new to
+        the repository or were discarded from the repository.
 
-    def _compute_rev_exclusion_spec(self, sha1s):
-        """Return an exclusion specification for 'git rev-list'.
+        new_or_old is either the string 'new' or the string 'old'.  If
+        'new', the returned list is used to select commits that are
+        new to the repository.  If 'old', the returned value is used
+        to select the commits that have been discarded from the
+        repository.
 
-        git_objects is an iterable over GitObject instances.  Return a
-        string that can be passed to the standard input of 'git
-        rev-list --stdin' to exclude all of the commits referred to by
-        git_objects."""
+        If reference_change is specified and not None, the new or
+        discarded commits are limited to those that are reachable from
+        the new or old value of the specified reference.
 
-        return ''.join(
-            ['^%s\n' % (sha1,) for sha1 in sorted(sha1s)]
-            )
+        This function returns None if there are no added (or discarded)
+        revisions.
+        """
+        key = (new_or_old, reference_change)
+        if key not in self.__cached_commits_spec:
+            ret = self._get_commits_spec_incl(new_or_old, reference_change)
+            if ret is not None:
+                ret.extend(self._get_commits_spec_excl(new_or_old))
+            self.__cached_commits_spec[key] = ret
+        return self.__cached_commits_spec[key]
 
     def get_new_commits(self, reference_change=None):
         """Return a list of commits added by this push.
@@ -2280,19 +3451,8 @@ class Push(object):
         reference_change is None, then return a list of *all* commits
         added by this push."""
 
-        if not reference_change:
-            new_revs = sorted(
-                change.new.sha1
-                for change in self.changes
-                if change.new
-                )
-        elif not reference_change.new.commit_sha1:
-            return []
-        else:
-            new_revs = [reference_change.new.commit_sha1]
-
-        cmd = ['rev-list', '--stdin'] + new_revs
-        return read_git_lines(cmd, input=self._old_rev_exclusion_spec)
+        spec = self.get_commits_spec('new', reference_change)
+        return git_rev_list(spec)
 
     def get_discarded_commits(self, reference_change):
         """Return a list of commits discarded by this push.
@@ -2301,13 +3461,8 @@ class Push(object):
         entirely discarded from the repository by the part of this
         push represented by reference_change."""
 
-        if not reference_change.old.commit_sha1:
-            return []
-        else:
-            old_revs = [reference_change.old.commit_sha1]
-
-        cmd = ['rev-list', '--stdin'] + old_revs
-        return read_git_lines(cmd, input=self._new_rev_exclusion_spec)
+        spec = self.get_commits_spec('old', reference_change)
+        return git_rev_list(spec)
 
     def send_emails(self, mailer, body_filter=None):
         """Use send all of the notification emails needed for this push.
@@ -2325,40 +3480,57 @@ class Push(object):
         unhandled_sha1s = set(self.get_new_commits())
         send_date = IncrementalDateTime()
         for change in self.changes:
+            sha1s = []
+            for sha1 in reversed(list(self.get_new_commits(change))):
+                if sha1 in unhandled_sha1s:
+                    sha1s.append(sha1)
+                    unhandled_sha1s.remove(sha1)
+
             # Check if we've got anyone to send to
             if not change.recipients:
-                sys.stderr.write(
+                change.environment.log_warning(
                     '*** no recipients configured so no email will be sent\n'
                     '*** for %r update %s->%s\n'
                     % (change.refname, change.old.sha1, change.new.sha1,)
                     )
             else:
-                sys.stderr.write('Sending notification emails to: %s\n' % (change.recipients,))
-                extra_values = {'send_date' : send_date.next()}
-                mailer.send(
-                    change.generate_email(self, body_filter, extra_values),
-                    change.recipients,
-                    )
+                if not change.environment.quiet:
+                    change.environment.log_msg(
+                        'Sending notification emails to: %s\n' % (change.recipients,))
+                extra_values = {'send_date': next(send_date)}
 
-            sha1s = []
-            for sha1 in reversed(list(self.get_new_commits(change))):
-                if sha1 in unhandled_sha1s:
-                    sha1s.append(sha1)
-                    unhandled_sha1s.remove(sha1)
+                rev = change.send_single_combined_email(sha1s)
+                if rev:
+                    mailer.send(
+                        change.generate_combined_email(self, rev, body_filter, extra_values),
+                        rev.recipients,
+                        )
+                    # This change is now fully handled; no need to handle
+                    # individual revisions any further.
+                    continue
+                else:
+                    mailer.send(
+                        change.generate_email(self, body_filter, extra_values),
+                        change.recipients,
+                        )
 
             max_emails = change.environment.maxcommitemails
             if max_emails and len(sha1s) > max_emails:
-                sys.stderr.write(
-                    '*** Too many new commits (%d), not sending commit emails.\n' % len(sha1s)
-                    + '*** Try setting multimailhook.maxCommitEmails to a greater value\n'
-                    '*** Currently, multimailhook.maxCommitEmails=%d\n' % max_emails
+                change.environment.log_warning(
+                    '*** Too many new commits (%d), not sending commit emails.\n' % len(sha1s) +
+                    '*** Try setting multimailhook.maxCommitEmails to a greater value\n' +
+                    '*** Currently, multimailhook.maxCommitEmails=%d\n' % max_emails
                     )
                 return
 
             for (num, sha1) in enumerate(sha1s):
-                rev = Revision(change, GitObject(sha1), num=num+1, tot=len(sha1s))
+                rev = Revision(change, GitObject(sha1), num=num + 1, tot=len(sha1s))
+                if not rev.recipients and rev.cc_recipients:
+                    change.environment.log_msg('*** Replacing Cc: with To:\n')
+                    rev.recipients = rev.cc_recipients
+                    rev.cc_recipients = None
                 if rev.recipients:
-                    extra_values = {'send_date' : send_date.next()}
+                    extra_values = {'send_date': next(send_date)}
                     mailer.send(
                         rev.generate_email(self, body_filter, extra_values),
                         rev.recipients,
@@ -2366,25 +3538,42 @@ class Push(object):
 
         # Consistency check:
         if unhandled_sha1s:
-            sys.stderr.write(
+            change.environment.log_error(
                 'ERROR: No emails were sent for the following new commits:\n'
                 '    %s\n'
                 % ('\n    '.join(sorted(unhandled_sha1s)),)
                 )
 
 
+def include_ref(refname, ref_filter_regex, is_inclusion_filter):
+    does_match = bool(ref_filter_regex.search(refname))
+    if is_inclusion_filter:
+        return does_match
+    else:  # exclusion filter -- we include the ref if the regex doesn't match
+        return not does_match
+
+
 def run_as_post_receive_hook(environment, mailer):
+    ref_filter_regex, is_inclusion_filter = environment.get_ref_filter_regex(True)
     changes = []
     for line in sys.stdin:
         (oldrev, newrev, refname) = line.strip().split(' ', 2)
+        if not include_ref(refname, ref_filter_regex, is_inclusion_filter):
+            continue
         changes.append(
             ReferenceChange.create(environment, oldrev, newrev, refname)
             )
-    push = Push(changes)
-    push.send_emails(mailer, body_filter=environment.filter_body)
+    if changes:
+        push = Push(environment, changes)
+        push.send_emails(mailer, body_filter=environment.filter_body)
+    if hasattr(mailer, '__del__'):
+        mailer.__del__()
 
 
-def run_as_update_hook(environment, mailer, refname, oldrev, newrev):
+def run_as_update_hook(environment, mailer, refname, oldrev, newrev, force_send=False):
+    ref_filter_regex, is_inclusion_filter = environment.get_ref_filter_regex(True)
+    if not include_ref(refname, ref_filter_regex, is_inclusion_filter):
+        return
     changes = [
         ReferenceChange.create(
             environment,
@@ -2393,8 +3582,10 @@ def run_as_update_hook(environment, mailer, refname, oldrev, newrev):
             refname,
             ),
         ]
-    push = Push(changes)
+    push = Push(environment, changes, force_send)
     push.send_emails(mailer, body_filter=environment.filter_body)
+    if hasattr(mailer, '__del__'):
+        mailer.__del__()
 
 
 def choose_mailer(config, environment):
@@ -2402,9 +3593,20 @@ def choose_mailer(config, environment):
 
     if mailer == 'smtp':
         smtpserver = config.get('smtpserver', default='localhost')
+        smtpservertimeout = float(config.get('smtpservertimeout', default=10.0))
+        smtpserverdebuglevel = int(config.get('smtpserverdebuglevel', default=0))
+        smtpencryption = config.get('smtpencryption', default='none')
+        smtpuser = config.get('smtpuser', default='')
+        smtppass = config.get('smtppass', default='')
+        smtpcacerts = config.get('smtpcacerts', default='')
         mailer = SMTPMailer(
             envelopesender=(environment.get_sender() or environment.get_fromaddr()),
-            smtpserver=smtpserver,
+            smtpserver=smtpserver, smtpservertimeout=smtpservertimeout,
+            smtpserverdebuglevel=smtpserverdebuglevel,
+            smtpencryption=smtpencryption,
+            smtpuser=smtpuser,
+            smtppass=smtppass,
+            smtpcacerts=smtpcacerts
             )
     elif mailer == 'sendmail':
         command = config.get('sendmailcommand')
@@ -2412,25 +3614,29 @@ def choose_mailer(config, environment):
             command = shlex.split(command)
         mailer = SendMailer(command=command, envelopesender=environment.get_sender())
     else:
-        sys.stderr.write(
-            'fatal: multimailhook.mailer is set to an incorrect value: "%s"\n' % mailer
-            'please use one of "smtp" or "sendmail".\n'
+        environment.log_error(
+            'fatal: multimailhook.mailer is set to an incorrect value: "%s"\n' % mailer +
+            'please use one of "smtp" or "sendmail".\n'
             )
         sys.exit(1)
     return mailer
 
 
 KNOWN_ENVIRONMENTS = {
-    'generic' : GenericEnvironmentMixin,
-    'gitolite' : GitoliteEnvironmentMixin,
+    'generic': GenericEnvironmentMixin,
+    'gitolite': GitoliteEnvironmentMixin,
+    'stash': StashEnvironmentMixin,
+    'gerrit': GerritEnvironmentMixin,
     }
 
 
-def choose_environment(config, osenv=None, env=None, recipients=None):
+def choose_environment(config, osenv=None, env=None, recipients=None,
+                       hook_info=None):
     if not osenv:
         osenv = os.environ
 
     environment_mixins = [
+        ConfigRefFilterEnvironmentMixin,
         ProjectdescEnvironmentMixin,
         ConfigMaxlinesEnvironmentMixin,
         ComputeFQDNEnvironmentMixin,
@@ -2439,8 +3645,8 @@ def choose_environment(config, osenv=None, env=None, recipients=None):
         ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin,
         ]
     environment_kw = {
-        'osenv' : osenv,
-        'config' : config,
+        'osenv': osenv,
+        'config': config,
         }
 
     if not env:
@@ -2452,13 +3658,22 @@ def choose_environment(config, osenv=None, env=None, recipients=None):
         else:
             env = 'generic'
 
-    environment_mixins.append(KNOWN_ENVIRONMENTS[env])
+    environment_mixins.insert(0, KNOWN_ENVIRONMENTS[env])
+
+    if env == 'stash':
+        environment_kw['user'] = hook_info['stash_user']
+        environment_kw['repo'] = hook_info['stash_repo']
+    elif env == 'gerrit':
+        environment_kw['project'] = hook_info['project']
+        environment_kw['submitter'] = hook_info['submitter']
+        environment_kw['update_method'] = hook_info['update_method']
 
     if recipients:
         environment_mixins.insert(0, StaticRecipientsEnvironmentMixin)
         environment_kw['refchange_recipients'] = recipients
         environment_kw['announce_recipients'] = recipients
         environment_kw['revision_recipients'] = recipients
+        environment_kw['scancommitforcc'] = config.get('scancommitforcc')
     else:
         environment_mixins.insert(0, ConfigRecipientsEnvironmentMixin)
 
@@ -2470,6 +3685,116 @@ def choose_environment(config, osenv=None, env=None, recipients=None):
     return environment_klass(**environment_kw)
 
 
+def get_version():
+    oldcwd = os.getcwd()
+    try:
+        try:
+            os.chdir(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)))
+            git_version = read_git_output(['describe', '--tags', 'HEAD'])
+            if git_version == __version__:
+                return git_version
+            else:
+                return '%s (%s)' % (__version__, git_version)
+        except:
+            pass
+    finally:
+        os.chdir(oldcwd)
+    return __version__
+
+
+def compute_gerrit_options(options, args, required_gerrit_options):
+    if None in required_gerrit_options:
+        raise SystemExit("Error: Specify all of --oldrev, --newrev, --refname, "
+                         "and --project; or none of them.")
+
+    if options.environment not in (None, 'gerrit'):
+        raise SystemExit("Non-gerrit environments incompatible with --oldrev, "
+                         "--newrev, --refname, and --project")
+    options.environment = 'gerrit'
+
+    if args:
+        raise SystemExit("Error: Positional parameters not allowed with "
+                         "--oldrev, --newrev, and --refname.")
+
+    # Gerrit oddly omits 'refs/heads/' in the refname when calling
+    # ref-updated hook; put it back.
+    git_dir = get_git_dir()
+    if (not os.path.exists(os.path.join(git_dir, options.refname)) and
+        os.path.exists(os.path.join(git_dir, 'refs', 'heads',
+                                    options.refname))):
+        options.refname = 'refs/heads/' + options.refname
+
+    # Convert each string option unicode for Python3.
+    if PYTHON3:
+        opts = ['environment', 'recipients', 'oldrev', 'newrev', 'refname',
+                'project', 'submitter', 'stash-user', 'stash-repo']
+        for opt in opts:
+            if not hasattr(options, opt):
+                continue
+            obj = getattr(options, opt)
+            if obj:
+                enc = obj.encode('utf-8', 'surrogateescape')
+                dec = enc.decode('utf-8', 'replace')
+                setattr(options, opt, dec)
+
+    # New revisions can appear in a gerrit repository either due to someone
+    # pushing directly (in which case options.submitter will be set), or they
+    # can press "Submit this patchset" in the web UI for some CR (in which
+    # case options.submitter will not be set and gerrit will not have provided
+    # us the information about who pressed the button).
+    #
+    # Note for the nit-picky: I'm lumping in REST API calls and the ssh
+    # gerrit review command in with "Submit this patchset" button, since they
+    # have the same effect.
+    if options.submitter:
+        update_method = 'pushed'
+        # The submitter argument is almost an RFC 2822 email address; change it
+        # from 'User Name (email@domain)' to 'User Name <email@domain>' so it is
+        options.submitter = options.submitter.replace('(', '<').replace(')', '>')
+    else:
+        update_method = 'submitted'
+        # Gerrit knew who submitted this patchset, but threw that information
+        # away when it invoked this hook.  However, *IF* Gerrit created a
+        # merge to bring the patchset in (project 'Submit Type' is either
+        # "Always Merge", or is "Merge if Necessary" and happens to be
+        # necessary for this particular CR), then it will have the committer
+        # of that merge be 'Gerrit Code Review' and the author will be the
+        # person who requested the submission of the CR.  Since this is fairly
+        # likely for most gerrit installations (of a reasonable size), it's
+        # worth the extra effort to try to determine the actual submitter.
+        rev_info = read_git_lines(['log', '--no-walk', '--merges',
+                                   '--format=%cN%n%aN <%aE>', options.newrev])
+        if rev_info and rev_info[0] == 'Gerrit Code Review':
+            options.submitter = rev_info[1]
+
+    # We pass back refname, oldrev, newrev as args because then the
+    # gerrit ref-updated hook is much like the git update hook
+    return (options,
+            [options.refname, options.oldrev, options.newrev],
+            {'project': options.project, 'submitter': options.submitter,
+             'update_method': update_method})
+
+
+def check_hook_specific_args(options, args):
+    # First check for stash arguments
+    if (options.stash_user is None) != (options.stash_repo is None):
+        raise SystemExit("Error: Specify both of --stash-user and "
+                         "--stash-repo or neither.")
+    if options.stash_user:
+        options.environment = 'stash'
+        return options, args, {'stash_user': options.stash_user,
+                               'stash_repo': options.stash_repo}
+
+    # Finally, check for gerrit specific arguments
+    required_gerrit_options = (options.oldrev, options.newrev, options.refname,
+                               options.project)
+    if required_gerrit_options != (None,) * 4:
+        return compute_gerrit_options(options, args, required_gerrit_options)
+
+    # No special options in use, just return what we started with
+    return options, args, {}
+
+
 def main(args):
     parser = optparse.OptionParser(
         description=__doc__,
@@ -2478,7 +3803,7 @@ def main(args):
 
     parser.add_option(
         '--environment', '--env', action='store', type='choice',
-        choices=['generic', 'gitolite'], default=None,
+        choices=list(KNOWN_ENVIRONMENTS.keys()), default=None,
         help=(
             'Choose type of environment is in use.  Default is taken from '
             'multimailhook.environment if set; otherwise "generic".'
@@ -2499,8 +3824,56 @@ def main(args):
             '(intended for debugging purposes).'
             ),
         )
+    parser.add_option(
+        '--force-send', action='store_true', default=False,
+        help=(
+            'Force sending refchange email when using as an update hook. '
+            'This is useful to work around the unreliable new commits '
+            'detection in this mode.'
+            ),
+        )
+    parser.add_option(
+        '-c', metavar="<name>=<value>", action='append',
+        help=(
+            'Pass a configuration parameter through to git.  The value given '
+            'will override values from configuration files.  See the -c option '
+            'of git(1) for more details.  (Only works with git >= 1.7.3)'
+            ),
+        )
+    parser.add_option(
+        '--version', '-v', action='store_true', default=False,
+        help=(
+            "Display git-multimail's version"
+            ),
+        )
+    # The following options permit this script to be run as a gerrit
+    # ref-updated hook.  See e.g.
+    # code.google.com/p/gerrit/source/browse/Documentation/config-hooks.txt
+    # We suppress help for these items, since these are specific to gerrit,
+    # and we don't want users directly using them any way other than how the
+    # gerrit ref-updated hook is called.
+    parser.add_option('--oldrev', action='store', help=optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP)
+    parser.add_option('--newrev', action='store', help=optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP)
+    parser.add_option('--refname', action='store', help=optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP)
+    parser.add_option('--project', action='store', help=optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP)
+    parser.add_option('--submitter', action='store', help=optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP)
+
+    # The following allow this to be run as a stash asynchronous post-receive
+    # hook (almost identical to a git post-receive hook but triggered also for
+    # merges of pull requests from the UI).  We suppress help for these items,
+    # since these are specific to stash.
+    parser.add_option('--stash-user', action='store', help=optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP)
+    parser.add_option('--stash-repo', action='store', help=optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP)
 
     (options, args) = parser.parse_args(args)
+    (options, args, hook_info) = check_hook_specific_args(options, args)
+
+    if options.version:
+        sys.stdout.write('git-multimail version ' + get_version() + '\n')
+        return
+
+    if options.c:
+        Config.add_config_parameters(options.c)
 
     config = Config('multimailhook')
 
@@ -2509,15 +3882,16 @@ def main(args):
             config, osenv=os.environ,
             env=options.environment,
             recipients=options.recipients,
+            hook_info=hook_info,
             )
 
         if options.show_env:
             sys.stderr.write('Environment values:\n')
-            for (k,v) in sorted(environment.get_values().items()):
-                sys.stderr.write('    %s : %r\n' % (k,v))
+            for (k, v) in sorted(environment.get_values().items()):
+                sys.stderr.write('    %s : %r\n' % (k, v))
             sys.stderr.write('\n')
 
-        if options.stdout:
+        if options.stdout or environment.stdout:
             mailer = OutputMailer(sys.stdout)
         else:
             mailer = choose_mailer(config, environment)
@@ -2528,12 +3902,23 @@ def main(args):
             if len(args) != 3:
                 parser.error('Need zero or three non-option arguments')
             (refname, oldrev, newrev) = args
-            run_as_update_hook(environment, mailer, refname, oldrev, newrev)
+            run_as_update_hook(environment, mailer, refname, oldrev, newrev, options.force_send)
         else:
             run_as_post_receive_hook(environment, mailer)
-    except ConfigurationException, e:
-        sys.exit(str(e))
-
+    except ConfigurationException:
+        sys.exit(sys.exc_info()[1])
+    except Exception:
+        t, e, tb = sys.exc_info()
+        import traceback
+        sys.stdout.write('\n')
+        sys.stdout.write('Exception \'' + t.__name__ +
+                         '\' raised. Please report this as a bug to\n')
+        sys.stdout.write('https://github.com/git-multimail/git-multimail/issues\n')
+        sys.stdout.write('with the information below:\n\n')
+        sys.stdout.write('git-multimail version ' + get_version() + '\n')
+        sys.stdout.write('Python version ' + sys.version + '\n')
+        traceback.print_exc(file=sys.stdout)
+        sys.exit(1)
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     main(sys.argv[1:])