-Platform-Specific Configuration Notes
-=====================================
+Platform-Specific Configuration and Operation Notes
+===================================================
1. configure --without-gnu-malloc on:
- alpha running OSF/1
- alpha running Linux
+ alpha running OSF/1, Linux, or NetBSD (malloc needs 8-byte alignment;
+ bash malloc has 8-byte alignment now, but I have no alphas to test on)
next running NeXT/OS
- all machines running SunOS YP code: SunOS4, SunOS5, HP/UX
+ all machines running SunOS YP code: SunOS4, SunOS5, HP/UX, if you
+ have problems with username completion or tilde expansion for
+ usernames found via YP/NIS
- linux (optional)
+ linux (optional, but don't do it if you're using Doug Lea's malloc)
QNX 4.2
other OSF/1 machines (KSR/1, HP, IBM AIX/ESA)
DG/UX
Cray
- NetBSD/sparc (malloc needs 8-byte alignment; GNU malloc has 4-byte)
+ NetBSD/sparc (malloc needs 8-byte alignment; bash malloc has 8-byte
+ alignment now, but I have no NetBSD machines to test on)
- BSD/OS 2.1 if you want to use loadable builtins
+ BSD/OS 2.1, 3.x if you want to use loadable builtins
- If you are using GNU libc, especially on a linux system
+ Motorola m68k machines running System V.3. There is a file descriptor
+ leak caused by using the bash malloc because closedir(3) needs to read
+ freed memory to find the file descriptor to close
-(Configuring --without-gnu-malloc will still result in lib/malloc/libmalloc.a
-being built and linked against, but there is only a stub file in the archive.)
-
-2. configure using shlicc on BSD/OS 2.1 to use loadable builtins
+2. Configure using shlicc2 on BSD/OS 2.1 and BSD/OS 3.x to use loadable
+ builtins
3. Bash cannot be built in a directory separate from the source directory
using configure --srcdir=... unless the version of `make' you're using
- does $VPATH handling right. The SunOS make, for one, does not seem to
- do it right. The script support/mkclone can be used to create a
- `build tree' using symlinks to get around this.
-
-4. I've had reports that username completion does not work on IRIX 5.3
- when linking with -lnsl. This is only a problem when you're running
- NIS. Editing the Makefile after configure runs and removing the
- `-lnsl' from the assignment to `LIBS' fixes the problem.
+ does $VPATH handling right. The script support/mkclone can be used to
+ create a `build tree' using symlinks to get around this.
+
+4. I've had reports that username completion (as well as tilde expansion
+ and \u prompt expansion) does not work on IRIX 5.3 when linking with
+ -lnsl. This is only a problem when you're running NIS, since
+ apparently -lnsl supports only /etc/passwd and not the NIS functions
+ for retrieving usernames and passwords. Editing the Makefile after
+ configure runs and removing the `-lnsl' from the assignment to `LIBS'
+ fixes the problem.
+
+5. There is a problem with the `makewhatis' script in older (pre-7.0)
+ versions of Red Hat Linux. Running `makewhatis' with bash-2.0 or
+ later versions results in error messages like this:
+
+ /usr/sbin/makewhatis: cd: manpath: No such file or directory
+ /usr/sbin/makewhatis: manpath/whatis: No such file or directory
+ chmod: manpath/whatis: No such file or directory
+ /usr/sbin/makewhatis: cd: catpath: No such file or directory
+ /usr/sbin/makewhatis: catpath/whatis: No such file or directory
+ chmod: catpath/whatis: No such file or directory
+
+ The problem is with `makewhatis'. Red Hat (and possibly other
+ Linux distributors) uses a construct like this in the code:
+
+ eval path=$"$pages"path
+
+ to do indirect variable expansion. This `happened to work' in
+ bash-1.14 and previous versions, but that was more an accident
+ of implementation than anything else -- it was never supported
+ and certainly is not portable.
+
+ Bash-2.0 has a new feature that gives a new meaning to $"...".
+ This is explained more completely in item 1 in the COMPAT file.
+
+ The three lines in the `makewhatis' script that need to be changed
+ look like this:
+
+ eval $topath=$"$topath":$name
+ [...]
+ eval path=$"$pages"path
+ [...]
+ eval path=$"$pages"path
+
+ The portable way to write this code is
+
+ eval $topath="\$$topath":$name
+ eval path="\$$pages"path
+ eval path="\$$pages"path
+
+ You could also experiment with another new bash feature: ${!var}.
+ This does indirect variable expansion, making the use of eval
+ unnecessary.
+
+6. There is a problem with syslogd on many Linux distributions (Red Hat
+ and Slackware are two that I have received reports about). syslogd
+ sends a SIGINT to its parent process, which is waiting for the daemon
+ to finish its initialization. The parent process then dies due to
+ the SIGINT, and bash reports it, causing unexpected console output
+ while the system is booting that looks something like
+
+ starting daemons: syslogd/etc/rc.d/rc.M: line 29: 38 Interrupt ${NET}/syslogd
+
+ Bash-2.0 reports events such as processes dying in scripts due to
+ signals when the standard output is a tty. Bash-1.14.x and previous
+ versions did not report such events.
+
+ This should probably be reported as a bug to whatever Linux distributor
+ people see the problem on. In my opinion, syslogd should be changed to
+ use some other method of communication, or the wrapper function (which
+ appeared to be `daemon' when I looked at it some time ago) or script
+ (which appeared to be `syslog') should catch SIGINT, since it's an
+ expected event, and exit cleanly.
+
+7. Several people have reported that `dip' (a program for SLIP/PPP
+ on Linux) does not work with bash-2.0 installed as /bin/sh.
+
+ I don't run any Linux boxes myself, and do not have the dip
+ code handy to look at, but the `problem' with bash-2.0, as
+ it has been related to me, is that bash requires the `-p'
+ option to be supplied at invocation if it is to run setuid
+ or setgid.
+
+ This means, among other things, that setuid or setgid programs
+ which call system(3) (a horrendously bad practice in any case)
+ relinquish their setuid/setgid status in the child that's forked
+ to execute /bin/sh.
+
+ The following is an *unofficial* patch to bash-2.0 that causes it
+ to not require `-p' to run setuid or setgid if invoked as `sh'.
+ It has been reported to work on Linux. It will make your system
+ vulnerable to bogus system(3) calls in setuid executables.
+
+--- ../bash-2.0.orig/shell.c Wed Dec 18 14:16:30 1996
++++ shell.c Fri Mar 7 13:12:03 1997
+@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@
+ if (posixly_correct)
+ posix_initialize (posixly_correct);
+
+- if (running_setuid && privileged_mode == 0)
++ if (running_setuid && privileged_mode == 0 && act_like_sh == 0)
+ disable_priv_mode ();
+
+ /* Need to get the argument to a -c option processed in the
+
+8. Some people have asked about binding all of the keys in a PC-keyboard-
+ style numeric keypad to readline functions. Here's something I
+ received from the gnu-win32 list that may help. Insert the following
+ lines into ~/.inputrc:
+
+# home key
+"\e[1~":beginning-of-line
+# insert key
+"\e[2~":kill-whole-line
+# del key
+"\e[3~":delete-char
+# end key
+"\e[4~":end-of-line
+# pgup key
+"\e[5~":history-search-forward
+# pgdn key
+"\e[6~":history-search-backward
+
+9. Hints for building under Minix 2.0 (Contributed by Terry R. McConnell,
+ <tmc@barnyard.syr.edu>)
+
+ The version of /bin/sh distributed with Minix is not up to the job of
+ running the configure script. The easiest solution is to swap /bin/sh
+ with /usr/bin/ash. Then use chmem(1) to increase the memory allocated
+ to /bin/sh. The following settings are known to work:
+
+ text data bss stack memory
+ 63552 9440 3304 65536 141832 /bin/sh
+
+ If you have problems with make or yacc it may be worthwhile first to
+ install the GNU versions of these utilities before attempting to build
+ bash. (As of this writing, all of these utilities are available for the
+ i386 as pre-built binaries via anonymous ftp at math.syr.edu in the
+ pub/mcconnell/minix directory. Note that the GNU version of yacc is called
+ bison.)
+
+ Unless you want to see lots of warnings about old-style declarations,
+ do LOCAL_CFLAGS=-wo; export LOCAL_CFLAGS before running configure.
+ (These warnings are harmless, but annoying.)
+
+ configure will insist that you supply a host type. For example, do
+ ./configure --host=i386-pc-minix.
+
+ Minix does not support the system calls required for a proper
+ implementation of ulimit(). The `ulimit' builtin will not be available.
+
+ Configure will fail to notice that many things like uid_t are indeed
+ typedef'd in <sys/types.h>, because it uses egrep for this purpose
+ and minix has no egrep. You could try making a link /usr/bin/egrep -->
+ /usr/bin/grep. Better is to install the GNU version of grep in
+ /usr/local/bin and make the link /usr/local/bin/egrep -->/usr/local/bin/grep.
+ (These must be hard links, of course, since Minix does not support
+ symbolic links.)
+
+ You will see many warnings of the form:
+ warning: unknown s_type: 98
+ I have no idea what this means, but it doesn't seem to matter.
+
+10. If you do not have /usr/ccs/bin in your PATH when building on SunOS 5.x
+ (Solaris 2), the configure script will be unable to find `ar' and
+ `ranlib' (of course, ranlib is unnecessary). Make sure your $PATH
+ includes /usr/ccs/bin on SunOS 5.x. This generally manifests itself
+ with libraries not being built and make reporting errors like
+ `cr: not found' when library construction is attempted.
+
+11. Building a statically-linked bash on Solaris 2.5.x, 2.6, 7, or 8 is
+ complicated.
+
+ It's not possible to build a completely statically-linked binary, since
+ part of the C library depends on dynamic linking. The following recipe
+ assumes that you're using gcc and the Solaris ld (/usr/ccs/bin/ld) on
+ Solaris 2.5.x or 2.6:
+
+ configure --enable-static-link
+ make STATIC_LD= LOCAL_LIBS='-Wl,-B,dynamic -ldl -Wl,-B,static'
+
+ This should result in a bash binary that depends only on libdl.so:
+
+ thor(2)$ ldd bash
+ libdl.so.1 => /usr/lib/libdl.so.1
+
+ If you're using the Sun C Compiler (Sun WorkShop C Compiler version
+ 4.2 was what I used), you should be able to get away with using
+
+ configure --enable-static-link
+ make STATIC_LD= LOCAL_LIBS='-B dynamic -ldl -B static'
+
+ If you want to completely remove any dependence on /usr, perhaps
+ to put a copy of bash in /sbin and have it available when /usr is
+ not mounted, force the build process to use the shared dl.so library
+ in /etc/lib.
+
+ For gcc, this would be something like
+
+ configure --enable-static-link
+ make STATIC_LD= LOCAL_LIBS='-Wl,-B,dynamic -Wl,-R/etc/lib -ldl -Wl,-B,static'
+
+ For Sun's WS4.2 cc
+
+ configure --enable-static-link
+ make STATIC_LD= LOCAL_LIBS='-B dynamic -R/etc/lib -ldl -B static'
+
+ seems to work, at least on Solaris 2.5.1:
+
+ thor(2)$ ldd bash
+ libdl.so.1 => /etc/lib/libdl.so.1
+
+ On Solaris 7 (Solaris 8, using the version of gcc on the free software
+ CD-ROM), the following recipe appears to work for gcc:
+
+ configure --enable-static-link
+ make STATIC_LD='-Wl,-Bstatic' LOCAL_LIBS='-Wl,-Bdynamic -Wl,-R/etc/lib -ldl -Wl,-Bstatic'
+
+ thor.ins.cwru.edu(2)$ ldd bash
+ libdl.so.1 => /etc/lib/libdl.so.1
+
+ Make the analogous changes if you are running Sun's C Compiler.
+
+ I have received word that adding -L/etc/lib (or the equivalent
+ -Wl,-L/etc/lib) might also be necessary, in addition to the -R/etc/lib.
+
+ On later versions of Solaris, it may be necessary to add -lnsl before
+ -ldl; statically-linked versions of bash using libnsl are not guaranteed
+ to work correctly on future versions of Solaris.
+
+12. Configuring bash to build it in a cross environment. Currently only
+ two native versions can be compiled this way, cygwin32 and x86 BeOS.
+ For BeOS, you would configure it like this:
+
+ export RANLIB=i586-beos-ranlib
+ export AR=i586-beos-ar
+ export CC=i586-beos-gcc
+ configure i586-beos
+
+ Similarly for cygwin32.
+
+13. Bash-2.05 has reverted to the bash-2.03 behavior of honoring the current
+ locale setting when processing ranges within pattern matching bracket
+ expressions ([A-Z]). This is what POSIX.2 and SUSv2 specify.
+
+ The behavior of the matcher in bash-2.05 depends on the current LC_COLLATE
+ setting. Setting this variable to `C' or `POSIX' will result in the
+ traditional behavior ([A-Z] matches all uppercase ASCII characters).
+ Many other locales, including the en_US locale (the default on many US
+ versions of Linux) collate the upper and lower case letters like this:
+
+ AaBb...Zz
+
+ which means that [A-Z] matches every letter except `z'.
+
+ The portable way to specify upper case letters is [:upper:] instead of
+ A-Z; lower case may be specified as [:lower:] instead of a-z.
+
+ Look at the manual pages for setlocale(3), strcoll(3), and, if it is
+ present, locale(1). If you have locale(1), you can use it to find
+ your current locale information even if you do not have any of the
+ LC_ variables set.
+
+ My advice is to put
+
+ export LC_COLLATE=C
+
+ into /etc/profile and inspect any shell scripts run from cron for
+ constructs like [A-Z]. This will prevent things like
+
+ rm [A-Z]*
+
+ from removing every file in the current directory except those beginning
+ with `z' and still allow individual users to change the collation order.
+ Users may put the above command into their own profiles as well, of course.
+
+14. Building on Interix (nee OpenNT), which Microsoft bought from Softway
+ Systems and has seemingly abandoned (thanks to Kevin Moore for this item).
+
+ 1. cp cross-build/opennt.cache config.cache
+
+ 2. If desired, edit pathnames.h to set the values of SYS_PROFILE and
+ DEFAULT_HOSTS_FILE appropriately.
+
+ 3. export CONFIG_SHELL=$INTERIX_ROOT/bin/sh
+
+ 4. ./configure --prefix=$INTERIX_ROOT/usr/local (or wherever you
+ want it).
+
+ 5. make; make install; enjoy
+
+15. Configure with `CC=xlc' if you don't have gcc on AIX 4.2 and later
+ versions. `xlc' running in `cc' mode has trouble compiling error.c.
+
+16. Configure --disable-multibyte on NetBSD versions (1.4 through at least
+ 1.6.1) that include wctype.h but do not define wctype_t.
+
+17. Do NOT use bison-1.75. It builds a non-working parser. The most
+ obvious effect is that constructs like "for i; do echo $i; done" don't
+ loop over the positional parameters.
+
+18. I have received reports that using -O2 with the MIPSpro results in a
+ binary that fails in strange ways. Using -O1 seems to work.
+
+19. There is special handling to ensure the shell links against static
+ versions of the included readline and history libraries on Mac OS X;
+ Apple ships inadequate dynamic libreadline and libhistory "replacements"
+ as standard libraries.
+
+
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