-GNU make NEWS -*-indented-text-*-
+GNU Make NEWS -*-indented-text-*-
History of user-visible changes.
- 28 July 2010
+ 31 October 2022
See the end of this file for copyrights and conditions.
-All changes mentioned here are more fully described in the GNU make
-manual, which is contained in this distribution as the file doc/make.texi.
-See the README file and the GNU make manual for instructions for
+All user-visible changes are more fully described in the GNU Make manual,
+which is contained in this distribution as the file doc/make.texi.
+See the README file and the GNU Make manual for instructions for
reporting bugs.
\f
-Version 3.82
+Version 4.4 (31 Oct 2022)
A complete list of bugs fixed in this version is available here:
-http://sv.gnu.org/bugs/index.php?group=make&report_id=111&fix_release_id=104&set=custom
+https://sv.gnu.org/bugs/index.php?group=make&report_id=111&fix_release_id=109&set=custom
-* Compiling GNU make now requires a conforming ISO C 1989 compiler and
- standard runtime library.
+* WARNING: Deprecation!
+ The following systems are deprecated in this release:
+ - OS/2 (EMX)
+ - AmigaOS
+ - Xenix
+ - Cray
+ In the NEXT release of GNU Make, support for these systems will be removed.
+ If you want to see them continue to be supported, contact <bug-make@gnu.org>.
* WARNING: Future backward-incompatibility!
- Wildcards are not documented as returning sorted values, but up to and
- including this release the results have been sorted and some makefiles are
- apparently depending on that. In the next release of GNU make, for
- performance reasons, we may remove that sorting. If your makefiles
- require sorted results from wildcard expansions, use the $(sort ...)
- function to request it explicitly.
+ In the NEXT release of GNU Make, pattern rules will implement the same
+ behavior change for multiple targets as explicit grouped targets, below: if
+ any target of the rule is needed by the build, the recipe will be invoked if
+ any target of the rule is missing or out of date. During testing some
+ makefiles were found to contain pattern rules that do not build all targets;
+ this can cause issues so we are delaying this change for one release cycle
+ to allow these makefiles to be updated. GNU Make shows a warning if it
+ detects this situation: "pattern recipe did not update peer target".
+
+* WARNING: Backward-incompatibility!
+ GNU Make now uses temporary files in more situations than previous releases.
+ If your build system sets TMPDIR (or TMP or TEMP on Windows) and deletes the
+ contents during the build, or uses restrictive permissions, this may cause
+ problems. You can choose an alternative temporary directory only for use by
+ GNU Make by setting the new MAKE_TMPDIR environment variable before invoking
+ make. Note that this value CANNOT be set inside the makefile, since make
+ needs to find its temporary directory before the makefiles are parsed.
+
+* WARNING: Backward-incompatibility!
+ Previously each target in a explicit grouped target rule was considered
+ individually: if the targets needed by the build were not out of date the
+ recipe was not run even if other targets in the group were out of date. Now
+ if any of the grouped targets are needed by the build, then if any of the
+ grouped targets are out of date the recipe is run and all targets in the
+ group are considered updated.
+
+* WARNING: Backward-incompatibility!
+ Previously if --no-print-directory was seen anywhere in the environment or
+ command line it would take precedence over any --print-directory. Now, the
+ last setting of directory printing options seen will be used, so a command
+ line such as "--no-print-directory -w" _will_ show directory entry/exits.
+
+* WARNING: Backward-incompatibility!
+ Previously the order in which makefiles were remade was not explicitly
+ stated, but it was (roughly) the inverse of the order in which they were
+ processed by make. In this release, the order in which makefiles are
+ rebuilt is the same order in which make processed them, and this is defined
+ to be true in the GNU Make manual.
+
+* WARNING: Backward-incompatibility!
+ Previously only simple (one-letter) options were added to the MAKEFLAGS
+ variable that was visible while parsing makefiles. Now, all options are
+ available in MAKEFLAGS. If you want to check MAKEFLAGS for a one-letter
+ option, expanding "$(firstword -$(MAKEFLAGS))" is a reliable way to return
+ the set of one-letter options which can be examined via findstring, etc.
+
+* WARNING: Backward-incompatibility!
+ Previously makefile variables marked as export were not exported to commands
+ started by the $(shell ...) function. Now, all exported variables are
+ exported to $(shell ...). If this leads to recursion during expansion, then
+ for backward-compatibility the value from the original environment is used.
+ To detect this change search for 'shell-export' in the .FEATURES variable.
+
+* WARNING: New build requirement
+ GNU Make utilizes facilities from GNU Gnulib: Gnulib requires certain C99
+ features in the C compiler and so these features are required by GNU Make:
+ https://www.gnu.org/software/gnulib/manual/html_node/C99-features-assumed.html
+ The configure script should verify the compiler has these features.
+
+* New feature: The .WAIT special target
+ If the .WAIT target appears between two prerequisites of a target, then
+ GNU Make will wait for all of the targets to the left of .WAIT in the list
+ to complete before starting any of the targets to the right of .WAIT.
+ This feature is available in some other versions of make, and it will be
+ required by an upcoming version of the POSIX standard for make.
+ Different patches were made by Alexey Neyman <alex.neyman@auriga.ru> (2005)
+ and Steffen Nurpmeso <steffen@sdaoden.eu> (2020) that were useful but the
+ result is a different implementation (closer to Alexey's idea).
+
+* New feature: .NOTPARALLEL accepts prerequisites
+ If the .NOTPARALLEL special target has prerequisites then all prerequisites
+ of those targets will be run serially (as if .WAIT was specified between
+ each prerequisite).
+
+* New feature: The .NOTINTERMEDIATE special target
+ .NOTINTERMEDIATE disables intermediate behavior for specific files, for all
+ files built using a pattern, or for the entire makefile.
+ Implementation provided by Dmitry Goncharov <dgoncharov@users.sf.net>
+
+* New feature: The $(let ...) function
+ This function allows user-defined functions to define a set of local
+ variables: values can be assigned to these variables from within the
+ user-defined function and they will not impact global variable assignments.
+ Implementation provided by Jouke Witteveen <j.witteveen@gmail.com>
+
+* New feature: The $(intcmp ...) function
+ This function allows conditional evaluation controlled by a numerical
+ comparison.
+ Implementation provided by Jouke Witteveen <j.witteveen@gmail.com>
+
+* New feature: Improved support for -l / --load-average
+ On systems that provide /proc/loadavg (Linux), GNU Make will use it to
+ determine the number of runnable jobs and use this as the current load,
+ avoiding the need for heuristics.
+ Implementation provided by Sven C. Dack <sdack@gmx.com>
+
+* New feature: The --shuffle command line option
+ This option reorders goals and prerequisites to simulate non-determinism
+ that may be seen using parallel build. Shuffle mode allows a form of "fuzz
+ testing" of parallel builds to verify that all prerequisites are correctly
+ described in the makefile.
+ Implementation provided by Sergei Trofimovich <siarheit@google.com>
+
+* New feature: The --jobserver-style command line option and named pipes
+ A new jobserver method is used on systems where mkfifo(3) is supported.
+ This solves a number of obscure issues related to using the jobserver
+ and recursive invocations of GNU Make. This change means that sub-makes
+ will connect to the jobserver even if they are not marked as recursive.
+ It also means that other tools that want to participate in the jobserver
+ will need to be enhanced as described in the GNU Make manual.
+ You can force GNU Make to use the simple pipe-based jobserver (perhaps if
+ you are integrating with other tools or older versions of GNU Make) by
+ adding the '--jobserver-style=pipe' option to the command line of the
+ top-level invocation of GNU Make, or via MAKEFLAGS or GNUMAKEFLAGS.
+ To detect this change search for 'jobserver-fifo' in the .FEATURES variable.
+
+* Some POSIX systems (*BSD) do not allow locks to be taken on pipes, which
+ caused the output sync feature to not work properly there. Also multiple
+ invocations of make redirecting to the same output file (e.g., /dev/null)
+ would cause hangs. Instead of locking stdout (which does have some useful
+ performance characteristics, but is not portable) create a temporary file
+ and lock that. Windows continues to use a mutex as before.
+
+* GNU Make has sometimes chosen unexpected, and sub-optimal, chains of
+ implicit rules due to the definition of "ought to exist" in the implicit
+ rule search algorithm, which considered any prerequisite mentioned in the
+ makefile as "ought to exist". This algorithm has been modified to prefer
+ prerequisites mentioned explicitly in the target being built and only if
+ that results in no matching rule, will GNU Make consider prerequisites
+ mentioned in other targets as "ought to exist".
+ Implementation provided by Dmitry Goncharov <dgoncharov@users.sf.net>
+
+* GNU Make was performing secondary expansion of all targets, even targets
+ which didn't need to be considered during the build. In this release
+ only targets which are considered will be secondarily expanded.
+ Implementation provided by Dmitry Goncharov <dgoncharov@users.sf.net>
+
+* If the MAKEFLAGS variable is modified in a makefile, it will be re-parsed
+ immediately rather than after all makefiles have been read. Note that
+ although all options are parsed immediately, some special effects won't
+ appear until after all makefiles are read.
+
+* The -I option accepts an argument "-" (e.g., "-I-") which means "reset the
+ list of search directories to empty". Among other things this can be used
+ to prevent GNU Make from searching in its default list of directories.
+
+* New debug option "print" will show the recipe to be run, even when silent
+ mode is set, and new debug option "why" will show why a target is rebuilt
+ (which prerequisites caused the target to be considered out of date).
+ Implementation provided by David Boyce <David.S.Boyce@gmail.com>
+
+* The existing --trace option is made equivalent to --debug=print,why
+
+* Target-specific variables can now be marked "unexport".
+
+* Exporting / unexporting target-specific variables is handled correctly, so
+ that the attribute of the most specific variable setting is used.
+
+* Special targets like .POSIX are detected upon definition, ensuring that any
+ change in behavior takes effect immediately, before the next line is parsed.
+
+* When the pipe-based jobserver is enabled and GNU Make decides it is invoking
+ a non-make sub-process and closes the jobserver pipes, it will now add a new
+ option to the MAKEFLAGS environment variable that disables the jobserver.
+ This prevents sub-processes that invoke make from accidentally using other
+ open file descriptors as jobserver pipes. For more information see
+ https://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?57242 and https://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?62397
+
+* A long-standing issue with the directory cache has been resolved: changes
+ made as a side-effect of some other target's recipe are now noticed as
+ expected.
+
+* GNU Make can now be built for MS-Windows using the Tiny C tcc compiler.
+ Port provided by Christian Jullien <eligis@orange.fr>
+
+\f
+Version 4.3 (19 Jan 2020)
+
+A complete list of bugs fixed in this version is available here:
+
+https://sv.gnu.org/bugs/index.php?group=make&report_id=111&fix_release_id=108&set=custom
+
+* WARNING: Backward-incompatibility!
+ Number signs (#) appearing inside a macro reference or function invocation
+ no longer introduce comments and should not be escaped with backslashes:
+ thus a call such as:
+ foo := $(shell echo '#')
+ is legal. Previously the number sign needed to be escaped, for example:
+ foo := $(shell echo '\#')
+ Now this latter will resolve to "\#". If you want to write makefiles
+ portable to both versions, assign the number sign to a variable:
+ H := \#
+ foo := $(shell echo '$H')
+ This was claimed to be fixed in 3.81, but wasn't, for some reason.
+ To detect this change search for 'nocomment' in the .FEATURES variable.
+
+* WARNING: Backward-incompatibility!
+ Previously appending using '+=' to an empty variable would result in a value
+ starting with a space. Now the initial space is only added if the variable
+ already contains some value. Similarly, appending an empty string does not
+ add a trailing space.
+
+* WARNING: Backward-incompatibility!
+ Previously using the .SILENT pseudo-target in a makefile would force all
+ sub-makes to be invoked with the '-s' option, effectively making all
+ sub-makes silent as well. In this release .SILENT only affects the current
+ invocation of make. A side-effect of this is that .SILENT will no longer
+ enable the --no-print-directory option, which using -s will do.
+
+* NOTE: Deprecated behavior.
+ Contrary to the documentation, suffix rules with prerequisites are being
+ treated BOTH as simple targets AND as pattern rules. Further, the
+ prerequisites are ignored by the pattern rules. POSIX specifies that in
+ order to be a suffix rule there can be no prerequisites defined. In this
+ release if POSIX mode is enabled then rules with prerequisites cannot be
+ suffix rules. If POSIX mode is not enabled then the previous behavior is
+ preserved (a pattern rule with no extra prerequisites is created) AND a
+ warning about this behavior is generated:
+ warning: ignoring prerequisites on suffix rule definition
+ The POSIX behavior will be adopted as the only behavior in a future release
+ of GNU make so please resolve any warnings.
+
+* New feature: Grouped explicit targets
+ Pattern rules have always had the ability to generate multiple targets with
+ a single invocation of the recipe. It's now possible to declare that an
+ explicit rule generates multiple targets with a single invocation. To use
+ this, replace the ":" token with "&:" in the rule. To detect this feature
+ search for 'grouped-target' in the .FEATURES special variable.
+ Implementation contributed by Kaz Kylheku <kaz@kylheku.com>
+
+* New feature: .EXTRA_PREREQS variable
+ Words in this variable are considered prerequisites of targets but they are
+ not added to any of the automatic variable values when expanding the
+ recipe. This variable can either be global (applies to all targets) or
+ a target-specific variable. To detect this feature search for 'extra-prereqs'
+ in the .FEATURES special variable.
+ Implementation contributed by Christof Warlich <cwarlich@gmx.de>
+
+* Makefiles can now specify the '-j' option in their MAKEFLAGS variable and
+ this will cause make to enable that parallelism mode.
+
+* GNU make will now use posix_spawn() on systems where it is available.
+ If you prefer to use fork/exec even on systems where posix_spawn() is
+ present, you can use the --disable-posix-spawn option to configure.
+ Implementation contributed by Aron Barath <baratharon@caesar.elte.hu>
+
+* Error messages printed when invoking non-existent commands have been cleaned
+ up and made consistent.
+
+* The previous limit of 63 jobs under -jN on MS-Windows is now
+ increased to 4095. That limit includes the subprocess started by
+ the $(shell) function.
+
+* A new option --no-silent has been added, that cancels the effect of the
+ -s/--silent/--quiet flag.
+
+* A new option -E has been added as a short alias for --eval.
+
+* All wildcard expansion within GNU make, including $(wildcard ...), will sort
+ the results. See https://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/index.php?52076
+
+* Interoperate with newer GNU libc and musl C runtime libraries.
+
+* Performance improvements provided by Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
+
+GNU make Developer News
+
+* Import the GNU standard bootstrap script to replace the hand-rolled
+ "make update" method for building code from a GNU make Git repository.
+
+* Rework the source distribution to move source files into the src/*
+ subdirectory. This aligns with modern best practices in GNU.
+
+* Replace local portability code with Gnulib content. Unfortunately due to a
+ problem with Gnulib support for getloadavg, this forces a requirement on
+ Automake 1.16 or above in order to build from Git. See README.git.
+
+\f
+Version 4.2.1 (10 Jun 2016)
+
+A complete list of bugs fixed in this version is available here:
+
+https://sv.gnu.org/bugs/index.php?group=make&report_id=111&fix_release_id=107&set=custom
+
+This release is a bug-fix release.
+
+\f
+Version 4.2 (22 May 2016)
+
+A complete list of bugs fixed in this version is available here:
+
+https://sv.gnu.org/bugs/index.php?group=make&report_id=111&fix_release_id=106&set=custom
+
+* New variable: $(.SHELLSTATUS) is set to the exit status of the last != or
+ $(shell ...) function invoked in this instance of make. This will be "0" if
+ successful or not "0" if not successful. The variable value is unset if no
+ != or $(shell ...) function has been invoked.
+
+* The $(file ...) function can now read from a file with $(file <FILE).
+ The function is expanded to the contents of the file. The contents are
+ expanded verbatim except that the final newline, if any, is stripped.
+
+* The makefile line numbers shown by GNU make now point directly to the
+ specific line in the recipe where the failure or warning occurred.
+ Sample changes suggested by Brian Vandenberg <phantall@gmail.com>
+
+* The interface to GNU make's "jobserver" is stable as documented in the
+ manual, for tools which may want to access it.
+
+ WARNING: Backward-incompatibility! The internal-only command line option
+ --jobserver-fds has been renamed for publishing, to --jobserver-auth.
+
+* The amount of parallelism can be determined by querying MAKEFLAGS, even when
+ the job server is enabled (previously MAKEFLAGS would always contain only
+ "-j", with no number, when job server was enabled).
+
+* VMS-specific changes:
+
+ * Perl test harness now works.
+
+ * Full support for converting Unix exit status codes to VMS exit status
+ codes. BACKWARD INCOMPATIBILITY Notice: On a child failure the VMS exit
+ code is now the encoded Unix exit status that Make usually generates, not
+ the VMS exit status of the child.
+
+\f
+Version 4.1 (05 Oct 2014)
+
+A complete list of bugs fixed in this version is available here:
+
+https://sv.gnu.org/bugs/index.php?group=make&report_id=111&fix_release_id=105&set=custom
+
+* New variables: $(MAKE_TERMOUT) and $(MAKE_TERMERR) are set to non-empty
+ values if stdout or stderr, respectively, are believed to be writing to a
+ terminal. These variables are exported by default.
+
+* Allow a no-text-argument form of the $(file ...) function. Without a text
+ argument nothing is written to the file: it is simply opened in the
+ requested mode, then closed again.
+
+* Change the fatal error for mixed explicit and implicit rules, that was
+ introduced in GNU make 3.82, to a non-fatal error. However, this syntax is
+ still deprecated and may return to being illegal in a future version of GNU
+ make. Makefiles that rely on this syntax should be fixed.
+ See https://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?33034
+
+* VMS-specific changes:
+
+ * Support for library files added, including support for using the GNV ar
+ utility.
+
+ * Partial support for properly encoding Unix exit status codes into VMS exit
+ status codes.
+
+ WARNING: Backward-incompatibility! These are different exit status codes
+ than Make exited with in the past.
+
+ * Macros to hold the current make command are set up to translate the
+ argv[0] string to a VMS format path name and prefix it with "MCR " so that
+ the macro has a space in it.
+
+ WARNING: Backward-incompatibility! This may break complex makefiles that
+ do processing on those macros. This is unlikely because so much in that
+ area was not and is still not currently working on VMS, it is unlikely to
+ find such a complex makefile, so this is more likely to impact
+ construction of a future makefile.
+
+ * A command file is always used to run the commands for a recipe.
+
+ WARNING: Backward-incompatibility! Running the make self tests has
+ exposed that there are significant differences in behavior when running
+ with the command file mode. It is unknown if this will be noticed by most
+ existing VMS makefiles.
+\f
+Version 4.0 (09 Oct 2013)
+
+A complete list of bugs fixed in this version is available here:
+
+https://sv.gnu.org/bugs/index.php?group=make&report_id=111&fix_release_id=101&set=custom
+
+* WARNING: Backward-incompatibility!
+ If .POSIX is specified, then make adheres to the POSIX backslash/newline
+ handling requirements, which introduces the following changes to the
+ standard backslash/newline handling in non-recipe lines:
+ * Any trailing space before the backslash is preserved
+ * Each backslash/newline (plus subsequent whitespace) is converted to a
+ single space
+
+* New feature: GNU Guile integration
+ This version of GNU make can be compiled with GNU Guile integration.
+ GNU Guile serves as an embedded extension language for make.
+ See the "Guile Function" section in the GNU Make manual for details.
+ Currently GNU Guile 1.8 and 2.0+ are supported. In Guile 1.8 there is no
+ support for internationalized character sets. In Guile 2.0+, scripts can be
+ encoded in UTF-8.
+
+* New command line option: --output-sync (-O) enables grouping of output by
+ target or by recursive make. This is useful during parallel builds to avoid
+ mixing output from different jobs together giving hard-to-understand
+ results. Original implementation by David Boyce <dsb@boyski.com>.
+ Reworked and enhanced by Frank Heckenbach <f.heckenbach@fh-soft.de>.
+ Windows support by Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>.
+
+* New command line option: --trace enables tracing of targets. When enabled
+ the recipe to be invoked is printed even if it would otherwise be suppressed
+ by .SILENT or a "@" prefix character. Also before each recipe is run the
+ makefile name and linenumber where it was defined are shown as well as the
+ prerequisites that caused the target to be considered out of date.
+
+* New command line option argument: --debug now accepts a "n" (none) flag
+ which disables all debugging settings that are currently enabled.
+
+* New feature: The "job server" capability is now supported on Windows.
+ Implementation contributed by Troy Runkel <Troy.Runkel@mathworks.com>
+
+* New feature: The .ONESHELL capability is now supported on Windows. Support
+ added by Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>.
+
+* New feature: "!=" shell assignment operator as an alternative to the
+ $(shell ...) function. Implemented for compatibility with BSD makefiles.
+ Note there are subtle differences between "!=" and $(shell ...). See the
+ description in the GNU make manual.
+ WARNING: Backward-incompatibility!
+ Variables ending in "!" previously defined as "variable!= value" will now be
+ interpreted as shell assignment. Change your assignment to add whitespace
+ between the "!" and "=": "variable! = value"
+
+* New feature: "::=" simple assignment operator as defined by POSIX in 2012.
+ This operator has identical functionality to ":=" in GNU make, but will be
+ portable to any implementation of make conforming to a sufficiently new
+ version of POSIX (see https://austingroupbugs.net/view.php?id=330). It is
+ not necessary to define the .POSIX target to access this operator.
+
+* New feature: Loadable objects
+ This version of GNU make contains a "technology preview": the ability to
+ load dynamic objects into the make runtime. These objects can be created by
+ the user and can add extended functionality, usable by makefiles.
+
+* New function: $(file ...) writes to a file.
+
+* New variable: $(GNUMAKEFLAGS) will be parsed for make flags, just like
+ MAKEFLAGS is. It can be set in the environment or the makefile, containing
+ GNU make-specific flags to allow your makefile to be portable to other
+ versions of make. Once this variable is parsed, GNU make will set it to the
+ empty string so that flags will not be duplicated on recursion.
+
+* New variable: `MAKE_HOST' gives the name of the host architecture
+ make was compiled for. This is the same value you see after 'Built for'
+ when running 'make --version'.
+
+* Behavior of MAKEFLAGS and MFLAGS is more rigorously defined. All simple
+ flags are grouped together in the first word of MAKEFLAGS. No options that
+ accept arguments appear in the first word. If no simple flags are present
+ MAKEFLAGS begins with a space. Flags with both short and long versions
+ always use the short versions in MAKEFLAGS. Flags are listed in
+ alphabetical order using ASCII ordering. MFLAGS never begins with "- ".
+
+* Setting the -r and -R options in MAKEFLAGS inside a makefile now works as
+ expected, removing all built-in rules and variables, respectively.
+
+* If a recipe fails, the makefile name and linenumber of the recipe are shown.
+
+* A .RECIPEPREFIX setting is remembered per-recipe and variables expanded
+ in that recipe also use that recipe prefix setting.
+
+* In -p output, .RECIPEPREFIX settings are shown and all target-specific
+ variables are output as if in a makefile, instead of as comments.
+
+* On MS-Windows, recipes that use ".." quoting will no longer force
+ invocation of commands via temporary batch files and stock Windows
+ shells, they will be short-circuited and invoked directly. (In
+ other words, " is no longer a special character for stock Windows
+ shells.) This avoids hitting shell limits for command length when
+ quotes are used, but nothing else in the command requires the shell.
+ This change could potentially mean some minor incompatibilities in
+ behavior when the recipe uses quoted string on shell command lines.
+
+\f
+Version 3.82 (28 Jul 2010)
+
+A complete list of bugs fixed in this version is available here:
+
+https://sv.gnu.org/bugs/index.php?group=make&report_id=111&fix_release_id=104&set=custom
+
+* Compiling GNU make now requires a conforming ISO C 1989 compiler and
+ standard runtime library.
* WARNING: Backward-incompatibility!
The POSIX standard for make was changed in the 2008 version in a
existing targets were provided in $?).
* WARNING: Backward-incompatibility!
+ Wildcards were not documented as returning sorted values, but the results
+ have been sorted up until this release.. If your makefiles require sorted
+ results from wildcard expansions, use the $(sort ...) function to request
+ it explicitly.
+
+* WARNING: Backward-incompatibility!
As a result of parser enhancements, three backward-compatibility issues
exist: first, a prerequisite containing an "=" cannot be escaped with a
backslash any longer. You must create a variable containing an "=" and
after the variable name, to allow for simple, conditional, or appending
multi-line variable assignment.
+* VMS-specific changes:
+
+ * Michael Gehre (at VISTEC-SEMI dot COM) supplied a fix for a problem with
+ timestamps of object modules in OLBs. The timestamps were not correctly
+ adjusted to GMT based time, if the local VMS time was using a daylight
+ saving algorithm and if daylight saving was switched off.
+
+ * John Eisenbraun (at HP dot COM) supplied fixes and and an enhancement to
+ append output redirection in action lines.
+
+ * Rework of ctrl+c and ctrl+y handling.
+
+ * Fix a problem with cached strings, which showed on case-insensitive file
+ systems.
+
+ * Build fixes for const-ified code in VMS specific sources.
+
+ * A note on appending the redirected output. With this change, a simple
+ mechanism is implemented to make ">>" work in action lines. In VMS
+ there is no simple feature like ">>" to have DCL command or program
+ output redirected and appended to a file. GNU make for VMS already
+ implements the redirection of output. If such a redirection is detected,
+ an ">" on the action line, GNU make creates a DCL command procedure to
+ execute the action and to redirect its output. Based on that, now ">>"
+ is also recognized and a similar but different command procedure is
+ created to implement the append. The main idea here is to create a
+ temporary file which collects the output and which is appended to the
+ wanted output file. Then the temporary file is deleted. This is all done
+ in the command procedure to keep changes in make small and simple. This
+ obviously has some limitations but it seems good enough compared with
+ the current ">" implementation. (And in my opinion, redirection is not
+ really what GNU make has to do.) With this approach, it may happen that
+ the temporary file is not yet appended and is left in SYS$SCRATCH.
+ The temporary file names look like "CMDxxxxx.". Any time the created
+ command procedure can not complete, this happens. Pressing Ctrl+Y to
+ abort make is one case. In case of Ctrl+Y the associated command
+ procedure is left in SYS$SCRATCH as well. Its name is CMDxxxxx.COM.
+
+ * Change in the Ctrl+Y handling. The CtrlY handler now uses $delprc to
+ delete all children. This way also actions with DCL commands will be
+ stopped. As before the CtrlY handler then sends SIGQUIT to itself,
+ which is handled in common code.
+
+ * Change in deleteing temporary command files. Temporary command files
+ are now deleted in the vms child termination handler. That deletes
+ them even if a Ctrl+C was pressed.
+
+ * The behavior of pressing Ctrl+C is not changed. It still has only an
+ effect, after the current action is terminated. If that doesn't happen
+ or takes too long, Ctrl+Y should be used instead.
+
\f
-Version 3.81
+Version 3.81 (01 Apr 2006)
* GNU make is ported to OS/2.
any prerequisite that does not exist, even though that prerequisite
might have caused the target to rebuild. Starting with the _next_
release of GNU make, '$?' will contain all prerequisites that caused
- the target to be considered out of date. See this Savannah bug:
- http://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/index.php?func=detailitem&item_id=16051
+ the target to be considered out of date.
+ See https://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?16051
* WARNING: Backward-incompatibility!
GNU make now implements a generic "second expansion" feature on the
could be found on the system.
* On VMS there is now support for case-sensitive filesystems such as ODS5.
- See the readme.vms file for information.
+ See the README.VMS file for information.
* Parallel builds (-jN) no longer require a working Bourne shell on
Windows platforms. They work even with the stock Windows shells, such
A complete list of bugs fixed in this version is available here:
- http://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/index.php?group=make&report_id=111&fix_release_id=103
+ https://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/index.php?group=make&report_id=111&fix_release_id=103
\f
-Version 3.80
+Version 3.80 (03 Oct 2002)
* A new feature exists: order-only prerequisites. These prerequisites
affect the order in which targets are built, but they do not impact
* Updated to autoconf 2.54 and automake 1.7. Users should not be impacted.
+* VMS-specific changes:
+
+ * In default.c define variable ARCH as IA64 for VMS on Itanium systems.
+
+ * In makefile.vms avoid name collision for glob and globfree.
+
+ * This is the VMS port of GNU Make done by Hartmut.Becker@compaq.com.
+
+ It is based on the specific version 3.77k and on 3.78.1. 3.77k was done
+ by Klaus Kämpf <kkaempf@rmi.de>, the code was based on the VMS port of
+ GNU Make 3.60 by Mike Moretti.
+
+ It was ported on OpenVMS/Alpha V7.1, DECC V5.7-006. It was re-build and
+ tested on OpenVMS/Alpha V7.2, OpenVMS/VAX 7.1 and 5.5-2. Different
+ versions of DECC were used. VAXC was tried: it fails; but it doesn't
+ seem worth to get it working. There are still some PTRMISMATCH warnings
+ during the compile. Although perl is working on VMS the test scripts
+ don't work. The function $shell is still missing.
+
+ There is a known bug in some of the VMS CRTLs. It is in the shipped
+ versions of VMS V7.2 and V7.2-1 and in the currently (October 1999)
+ available ECOs for VMS V7.1 and newer versions. It is fixed in versions
+ shipped with newer VMS versions and all ECO kits after October 1999. It
+ only shows up during the daylight saving time period (DST): stat()
+ returns a modification time 1 hour ahead. This results in GNU make
+ warning messages. For a just created source you will see:
+
+ $ gmake x.exe
+ gmake.exe;1: *** Warning: File 'x.c' has modification time in the future
+ (940582863 > 940579269)
+ cc /obj=x.obj x.c
+ link x.obj /exe=x.exe
+ gmake.exe;1: *** Warning: Clock skew detected. Your build may be
+ incomplete.
+
+
A complete list of bugs fixed in this version is available here:
- http://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/index.php?group=make&report_id=111&fix_release_id=102
+ https://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/index.php?group=make&report_id=111&fix_release_id=102
\f
-Version 3.79.1
+Version 3.79.1 (23 Jun 2000)
* .SECONDARY with no prerequisites now prevents any target from being
removed because make thinks it's an intermediate file, not just those
* New configure option --disable-nsec-timestamps, but this was
superseded in later versions by the .LOW_RESOLUTION_TIME pseudo-target.
\f
-Version 3.79
+Version 3.79 (04 Apr 2000)
* GNU make optionally supports internationalization and locales via the
GNU gettext (or local gettext if suitable) package. See the ABOUT-NLS
returned.
* Hartmut Becker provided many updates for the VMS port of GNU make.
- See the readme.vms file for more details.
+ See the README.VMS file for more details.
+
+* VMS-specific changes:
+
+ * Fix a problem with automatically remaking makefiles. GNU make uses an
+ execve to restart itself after a successful remake of the makefile. On
+ UNIX systems execve replaces the running program with a new one and
+ resets all signal handling to the default. On VMS execve creates a child
+ process, signal and exit handlers of the parent are still active, and,
+ unfortunately, corrupt the exit code from the child. Fix in job.c:
+ ignore SIGCHLD.
+
+ * Added some switches to reflect latest features of DECC. Modifications in
+ makefile.vms.
+
+ * Set some definitions to reflect latest features of DECC. Modifications in
+ config.h-vms (which is copied to config.h).
+
+ * Added extern strcmpi declaration to avoid 'implicitly declared' messages.
+ Modification in make.h.
+
+ * Default rule for C++, conditionals for gcc (GCC_IS_NATIVE) or DEC/Digital/
+ Compaq c/c++ compilers. Modifications in default.c.
+
+ * Usage of opendir() and friends, suppress file version. Modifications in
+ dir.c.
+
+ * Added VMS specific code to handle ctrl+c and ctrl+y to abort make.
+ Modifications in job.c.
+
+ * Added support to have case sensitive targets and dependencies but to
+ still use case blind file names. This is especially useful for Java
+ makefiles on VMS:
+
+ .SUFFIXES :
+ .SUFFIXES : .class .java
+ .java.class :
+ javac "$<
+ HelloWorld.class : HelloWorld.java
+
+ * A new macro WANT_CASE_SENSITIVE_TARGETS in config.h-vms was introduced.
+ It needs to be enabled to get this feature; default is disabled. The
+ macro HAVE_CASE_INSENSITIVE_FS must not be touched: it is still enabled.
+ Modifications in file.c and config.h-vms.
+
+ * Bootstrap make to start building make is still makefile.com, but make
+ needs to be re-made with a make to make a correct version: ignore all
+ possible warnings, delete all objects, rename make.exe to a different
+ name and run it.
+
+ * Made some minor modifications to the bootstrap build makefile.com.
\f
-Version 3.78
+Version 3.78 (22 Sep 1999)
* Two new functions, $(error ...) and $(warning ...) are available. The
former will cause make to fail and exit immediately upon expansion of
by running "make check" in the distribution. Note that it requires
Perl (either Perl 4 or Perl 5) to run.
\f
-Version 3.77
+Version 3.77 (28 Jul 1998)
* Implement BSD make's "?=" variable assignment operator. The variable
is assigned the specified value only if that variable is not already
* Updates to the Windows 95/NT port from Rob Tulloh (see README.W32),
and to the DOS port from Eli Zaretski (see README.DOS).
+
+* VMS-specific changes:
+
+ * This is the VMS port of GNU Make.
+ It is based on the VMS port of GNU Make 3.60 by Mike Moretti.
+ This port was done by Klaus Kämpf <kkaempf@rmi.de>
+
+ * There is first-level support available from proGIS Software, Germany.
+ Visit their web-site at https://www.progis.de to get information
+ about other vms software and forthcoming updates to gnu make.
+
+ * /bin/sh style I/O redirection is supported. You can now write lines like
+ mcr sys$disk:[]program.exe < input.txt > output.txt &> error.txt
+
+ * Makefile variables are looked up in the current environment. You can set
+ symbols or logicals in DCL and evaluate them in the Makefile via
+ $(<name-of-symbol-or-logical>). Variables defined in the Makefile
+ override VMS symbols/logicals !
+
+ * Functions for file names are working now. See the GNU Make manual for
+ $(dir ...) and $(wildcard ...). Unix-style and VMS-style names are
+ supported as arguments.
+
+ * The default rules are set up for GNU C. Building an executable from a
+ single source file is as easy as 'make file.exe'.
+
+ * The variable $(ARCH) is predefined as ALPHA or VAX resp. Makefiles for
+ different VMS systems can now be written by checking $(ARCH) as in
+ ifeq ($(ARCH),ALPHA)
+ $(ECHO) "On the Alpha"
+ else
+ $(ECHO) "On the VAX"
+ endif
+
+ * Command lines of excessive length are correctly broken and written to a
+ batch file in sys$scratch for later execution. There's no limit to the
+ lengths of commands (and no need for .opt files :-) any more.
+
+ * Empty commands are handled correctly and don't end in a new DCL process.
\f
-Version 3.76.1
+Version 3.76.1 (19 Sep 1997)
* Small (but serious) bug fix. Quick rollout to get into the GNU source CD.
\f
-Version 3.76
+Version 3.76 (16 Sep 1997)
* GNU make now uses automake to control Makefile.in generation. This
should make it more consistent with the GNU standards.
concerning this port to Eli Zaretskii <eliz@is.elta.co.il> or DJ
Delorie <dj@delorie.com>.
-* John W. Eaton has updated the VMS port to support libraries and VPATH.
-\f
-Version 3.75
+* VMS-specific changes:
+
+ * John W. Eaton has updated the VMS port to support libraries and VPATH.
+
+ * The cd command is supported if it's called as $(CD). This invokes
+ the 'builtin_cd' command which changes the directory.
+ Calling 'set def' doesn't do the trick, since a sub-shell is
+ spawned for this command, the directory is changed *in this sub-shell*
+ and the sub-shell ends.
+
+ * Libraries are not supported. They were in GNU Make 3.60 but somehow I
+ didn't care porting the code. If there is enough interest, I'll do it at
+ some later time.
+
+ * The variable $^ separates files with commas instead of spaces (It's the
+ natural thing to do for VMS).
+
+ * See defaults.c for VMS default suffixes and my definitions for default
+ rules and variables.
+
+ * The shell function is not implemented yet.
+
+ * Load average routines haven't been implemented for VMS yet.
+
+ * The default include directory for including other makefiles is
+ SYS$SYSROOT:[SYSLIB] (I don't remember why I didn't just use
+ SYS$LIBRARY: instead; maybe it wouldn't work that way).
+
+ * The default makefiles make looks for are: makefile.vms, gnumakefile,
+ makefile., and gnumakefile. .
+
+ * The stat() function and handling of time stamps in VMS is broken, so I
+ replaced it with a hack in vmsfunctions.c. I will provide a full rewrite
+ somewhere in the future. Be warned, the time resolution inside make is
+ less than what vms provides. This might be a problem on the faster Alphas.
+
+ * You can use a : in a filename only if you precede it with a backslash ('\').
+ E.g.- hobbes\:[bogas.files]
+
+ * Make ignores success, informational, or warning errors (-S-, -I-, or -W-).
+ But it will stop on -E- and -F- errors. (unless you do something
+ to override this in your makefile, or whatever).
+
+ * Remote stuff isn't implemented yet.
+
+ * Multiple line DCL commands, such as "if" statements, must be put inside
+ command files. You can run a command file by using \@.
+
+Version 3.75 (27 Aug 1996)
* The directory messages printed by `-w' and implicitly in sub-makes,
are now omitted if Make runs no commands and has no other messages to print.
* Rob Tulloh of Tivoli Systems has contributed a port to Windows NT or 95.
See README.W32 for details, and direct all Windows-related questions to
<rob_tulloh@tivoli.com>.
+
+* VMS-specific changes:
+
+ * Lots of default settings are adapted for VMS. See default.c.
+
+ * Long command lines are now converted to command files.
+
+ * Comma (',') as a separator is now allowed. See makefile.vms for an example.
\f
-Version 3.73
+Version 3.73 (05 Apr 1995)
* Converted to use Autoconf version 2, so `configure' has some new options.
See INSTALL for details.
* You can now send a SIGUSR1 signal to Make to toggle printing of debugging
output enabled by -d, at any time during the run.
\f
-Version 3.72
+Version 3.72 (04 Nov 1994)
* DJ Delorie has ported Make to MS-DOS using the GO32 extender.
He is maintaining the DOS port, not the GNU Make maintainer;
of `.SILENT', then the recipe to update that file will not be printed
before it is run. (This change was made to conform to POSIX.2.)
\f
-Version 3.71
+Version 3.71 (21 May 1994)
* The automatic variables `$(@D)', `$(%D)', `$(*D)', `$(<D)', `$(?D)', and
`$(^D)' now omit the trailing slash from the directory name. (This change
The exit status is 1 only when using -q and some target is not up to date.
(This change was made to comply with POSIX.2.)
\f
-Version 3.70
+Version 3.70 (03 Jan 1994)
* It is no longer a fatal error to have a NUL character in a makefile.
You should never put a NUL in a makefile because it can have strange
makefile name and line number where the `include' appeared, so Emacs's
C-x ` command takes you there (in case it's a typo you need to fix).
\f
-Version 3.69
+Version 3.69 (07 Nov 1993)
* Implicit rule search for archive member references is now done in the
opposite order from previous versions: the whole target name `LIB(MEM)'
have reversed the change made in version 3.68 because it turned out to
cause a paradoxical situation in cases like:
- export variable = $(shell echo value)
+ export variable = $(shell echo value)
When Make attempted to put this variable in the environment for a
recipe, it would try expand the value by running the shell command
* The recipe given for `.DEFAULT' is now used for phony targets with no
recipe.
\f
-Version 3.68
+Version 3.68 (28 Jul 1993)
* You can list several archive member names inside parenthesis:
`lib(mem1 mem2 mem3)' is equivalent to `lib(mem1) lib(mem2) lib(mem3)'.
foo.a(b.o) bar.a(c.o) bar.a(d.o)'.
* A suffix rule `.X.a' now produces two pattern rules:
- (%.o): %.X # Previous versions produced only this.
- %.a: %.X # Now produces this as well, just like other suffixes.
+ (%.o): %.X # Previous versions produced only this.
+ %.a: %.X # Now produces this as well, just like other suffixes.
* The new flag `--warn-undefined-variables' says to issue a warning message
whenever Make expands a reference to an undefined variable.
to set up variables for them. They used to run with the environment
that `make' started with.
\f
-Version 3.66
+Version 3.66 (21 May 1993)
* `make --version' (or `make -v') now exits immediately after printing
the version number.
\f
-Version 3.65
+Version 3.65 (09 May 1993)
* Make now supports long-named members in `ar' archive files.
\f
-Version 3.64
+Version 3.64 (21 Apr 1993)
* Make now supports the `+=' syntax for a variable definition which appends
to the variable's previous value. See the section `Appending More Text
* The built-in implicit rules now support the alternative extension
`.txinfo' for Texinfo files, just like `.texinfo' and `.texi'.
\f
-Version 3.63
+Version 3.63 (22 Jan 1993)
* Make now uses a standard GNU `configure' script. See the new file
INSTALL for the new (and much simpler) installation procedure.
no longer automatically put into the environments of the recipe lines that
Make runs. Instead, only variables specified on the command line or in
the environment are exported by default. To export others, use:
- export VARIABLE
+ export VARIABLE
or you can define variables with:
- export VARIABLE = VALUE
+ export VARIABLE = VALUE
or:
- export VARIABLE := VALUE
+ export VARIABLE := VALUE
You can use just:
- export
+ export
or:
- .EXPORT_ALL_VARIABLES:
+ .EXPORT_ALL_VARIABLES:
to get the old behavior. See the node `Variables/Recursion' in the manual
for a full description.
* A single `include' directive can now specify more than one makefile to
include, like this:
- include file1 file2
+ include file1 file2
You can also use shell file name patterns in an `include' directive:
- include *.mk
+ include *.mk
* The default directories to search for included makefiles, and for
libraries specified with `-lNAME', are now set by configuration.
* The `wildcard' variable expansion function now expands ~ and ~USER.
* Messages indicating failed recipe lines now contain the target name:
- make: *** [target] Error 1
+ make: *** [target] Error 1
* The `-p' output format has been changed somewhat to look more like
makefile rules and to give all information that Make has about files.
(Changes from versions 1 through 3.05 were never recorded. Sorry.)
\f
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-Copyright (C) 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997,
-1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009,
-2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This file is part of GNU Make.
+Copyright (C) 1988-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+This file is part of GNU Make.
GNU Make is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
-this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
projects / platform / upstream / make.git / blobdiff