1 // Copyright 2015 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
2 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
3 // found in the LICENSE file.
12 #include "base/debug/alias.h"
13 #include "base/strings/string16.h"
14 #include "base/strings/string_piece.h"
15 #include "url/scheme_host_port.h"
16 #include "url/third_party/mozilla/url_parse.h"
17 #include "url/url_canon.h"
18 #include "url/url_constants.h"
19 #include "url/url_export.h"
25 // An Origin is a tuple of (scheme, host, port), as described in RFC 6454.
27 // TL;DR: If you need to make a security-relevant decision, use 'url::Origin'.
28 // If you only need to extract the bits of a URL which are relevant for a
29 // network connection, use 'url::SchemeHostPort'.
31 // STL;SDR: If you aren't making actual network connections, use 'url::Origin'.
33 // 'Origin', like 'SchemeHostPort', is composed of a tuple of (scheme, host,
34 // port), but contains a number of additional concepts which make it appropriate
35 // for use as a security boundary and access control mechanism between contexts.
37 // This class ought to be used when code needs to determine if two resources
38 // are "same-origin", and when a canonical serialization of an origin is
39 // required. Note that some origins are "unique", meaning that they are not
40 // same-origin with any other origin (including themselves).
42 // There are a few subtleties to note:
44 // * Invalid and non-standard GURLs are parsed as unique origins. This includes
45 // non-hierarchical URLs like 'data:text/html,...' and 'javascript:alert(1)'.
47 // * GURLs with schemes of 'filesystem' or 'blob' parse the origin out of the
48 // internals of the URL. That is, 'filesystem:https://example.com/temporary/f'
49 // is parsed as ('https', 'example.com', 443).
51 // * Unique origins all serialize to the string "null"; this means that the
52 // serializations of two unique origins are identical to each other, though
53 // the origins themselves are not "the same". This means that origins'
54 // serializations must not be relied upon for security checks.
56 // * GURLs with a 'file' scheme are tricky. They are parsed as ('file', '', 0),
57 // but their behavior may differ from embedder to embedder.
59 // * The host component of an IPv6 address includes brackets, just like the URL
64 // * Origins are generally constructed from an already-canonicalized GURL:
66 // GURL url("https://example.com/");
67 // url::Origin origin(url);
68 // origin.scheme(); // "https"
69 // origin.host(); // "example.com"
70 // origin.port(); // 443
71 // origin.unique(); // false
73 // * To answer the question "Are |this| and |that| "same-origin" with each
74 // other?", use |Origin::IsSameOriginWith|:
76 // if (this.IsSameOriginWith(that)) {
77 // // Amazingness goes here.
79 class URL_EXPORT Origin {
81 // Creates a unique Origin.
84 // Creates an Origin from |url|, as described at
85 // https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#origin, with the following additions:
87 // 1. If |url| is invalid or non-standard, a unique Origin is constructed.
88 // 2. 'filesystem' URLs behave as 'blob' URLs (that is, the origin is parsed
89 // out of everything in the URL which follows the scheme).
90 // 3. 'file' URLs all parse as ("file", "", 0).
91 static Origin Create(const GURL& url);
93 // Copyable and movable.
94 Origin(const Origin&);
95 Origin& operator=(const Origin&);
97 Origin& operator=(Origin&&);
99 // Creates an Origin from a |scheme|, |host|, and |port|. All the parameters
100 // must be valid and canonicalized. Do not use this method to create unique
101 // origins. Use Origin() for that.
103 // This constructor should be used in order to pass 'Origin' objects back and
104 // forth over IPC (as transitioning through GURL would risk potentially
105 // dangerous recanonicalization); other potential callers should prefer the
106 // 'GURL'-based constructor.
107 static Origin UnsafelyCreateOriginWithoutNormalization(
108 base::StringPiece scheme,
109 base::StringPiece host,
112 // Creates an origin without sanity checking that the host is canonicalized.
113 // This should only be used when converting between already normalized types,
114 // and should NOT be used for IPC. Method takes std::strings for use with move
115 // operators to avoid copies.
116 static Origin CreateFromNormalizedTuple(std::string scheme,
122 // For unique origins, these return ("", "", 0).
123 const std::string& scheme() const { return tuple_.scheme(); }
124 const std::string& host() const { return tuple_.host(); }
125 uint16_t port() const { return tuple_.port(); }
127 bool unique() const { return unique_; }
129 // An ASCII serialization of the Origin as per Section 6.2 of RFC 6454, with
130 // the addition that all Origins with a 'file' scheme serialize to "file://".
131 std::string Serialize() const;
133 // Two Origins are "same-origin" if their schemes, hosts, and ports are exact
134 // matches; and neither is unique.
135 bool IsSameOriginWith(const Origin& other) const;
136 bool operator==(const Origin& other) const {
137 return IsSameOriginWith(other);
140 // Efficiently returns what GURL(Serialize()) would without re-parsing the
141 // URL. This can be used for the (rare) times a GURL representation is needed
143 // Note: The returned URL will not necessarily be serialized to the same value
144 // as the Origin would. The GURL will have an added "/" path for Origins with
145 // valid SchemeHostPorts and file Origins.
147 // Try not to use this method under normal circumstances, as it loses type
148 // information. Downstream consumers can mistake the returned GURL with a full
149 // URL (e.g. with a path component).
152 // Same as GURL::DomainIs. If |this| origin is unique, then returns false.
153 bool DomainIs(base::StringPiece canonical_domain) const;
155 // Allows Origin to be used as a key in STL (for example, a std::set or
157 bool operator<(const Origin& other) const;
160 // |tuple| must be valid, implying that the created Origin is never unique.
161 explicit Origin(SchemeHostPort tuple);
163 SchemeHostPort tuple_;
167 URL_EXPORT std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const Origin& origin);
169 URL_EXPORT bool IsSameOriginWith(const GURL& a, const GURL& b);
171 // DEBUG_ALIAS_FOR_ORIGIN(var_name, origin) copies |origin| into a new
172 // stack-allocated variable named |<var_name>|. This helps ensure that the
173 // value of |origin| gets preserved in crash dumps.
174 #define DEBUG_ALIAS_FOR_ORIGIN(var_name, origin) \
175 DEBUG_ALIAS_FOR_CSTR(var_name, origin.Serialize().c_str(), 128)
179 #endif // URL_ORIGIN_H_