1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
3 * page-types: Tool for querying page flags
5 * Copyright (C) 2009 Intel corporation
7 * Authors: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
10 #define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
25 #include <sys/types.h>
26 #include <sys/errno.h>
27 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
28 #include <sys/mount.h>
29 #include <sys/statfs.h>
31 #include "../../include/uapi/linux/magic.h"
32 #include "../../include/uapi/linux/kernel-page-flags.h"
33 #include <api/fs/fs.h>
41 # define STR(x) _STR(x)
45 * pagemap kernel ABI bits
48 #define PM_ENTRY_BYTES 8
49 #define PM_PFRAME_BITS 55
50 #define PM_PFRAME_MASK ((1LL << PM_PFRAME_BITS) - 1)
51 #define PM_PFRAME(x) ((x) & PM_PFRAME_MASK)
52 #define MAX_SWAPFILES_SHIFT 5
53 #define PM_SWAP_OFFSET(x) (((x) & PM_PFRAME_MASK) >> MAX_SWAPFILES_SHIFT)
54 #define PM_SOFT_DIRTY (1ULL << 55)
55 #define PM_MMAP_EXCLUSIVE (1ULL << 56)
56 #define PM_FILE (1ULL << 61)
57 #define PM_SWAP (1ULL << 62)
58 #define PM_PRESENT (1ULL << 63)
65 #define PROC_KPAGEFLAGS "/proc/kpageflags"
66 #define PROC_KPAGECOUNT "/proc/kpagecount"
67 #define PROC_KPAGECGROUP "/proc/kpagecgroup"
69 #define SYS_KERNEL_MM_PAGE_IDLE "/sys/kernel/mm/page_idle/bitmap"
71 /* [32-] kernel hacking assistances */
72 #define KPF_RESERVED 32
73 #define KPF_MLOCKED 33
74 #define KPF_MAPPEDTODISK 34
75 #define KPF_PRIVATE 35
76 #define KPF_PRIVATE_2 36
77 #define KPF_OWNER_PRIVATE 37
79 #define KPF_UNCACHED 39
80 #define KPF_SOFTDIRTY 40
83 /* [47-] take some arbitrary free slots for expanding overloaded flags
84 * not part of kernel API
86 #define KPF_ANON_EXCLUSIVE 47
87 #define KPF_READAHEAD 48
88 #define KPF_SLUB_FROZEN 50
89 #define KPF_SLUB_DEBUG 51
92 #define KPF_MMAP_EXCLUSIVE 63
94 #define KPF_ALL_BITS ((uint64_t)~0ULL)
95 #define KPF_HACKERS_BITS (0xffffULL << 32)
96 #define KPF_OVERLOADED_BITS (0xffffULL << 48)
97 #define BIT(name) (1ULL << KPF_##name)
98 #define BITS_COMPOUND (BIT(COMPOUND_HEAD) | BIT(COMPOUND_TAIL))
100 static const char * const page_flag_names[] = {
101 [KPF_LOCKED] = "L:locked",
102 [KPF_ERROR] = "E:error",
103 [KPF_REFERENCED] = "R:referenced",
104 [KPF_UPTODATE] = "U:uptodate",
105 [KPF_DIRTY] = "D:dirty",
107 [KPF_ACTIVE] = "A:active",
108 [KPF_SLAB] = "S:slab",
109 [KPF_WRITEBACK] = "W:writeback",
110 [KPF_RECLAIM] = "I:reclaim",
111 [KPF_BUDDY] = "B:buddy",
113 [KPF_MMAP] = "M:mmap",
114 [KPF_ANON] = "a:anonymous",
115 [KPF_SWAPCACHE] = "s:swapcache",
116 [KPF_SWAPBACKED] = "b:swapbacked",
117 [KPF_COMPOUND_HEAD] = "H:compound_head",
118 [KPF_COMPOUND_TAIL] = "T:compound_tail",
119 [KPF_HUGE] = "G:huge",
120 [KPF_UNEVICTABLE] = "u:unevictable",
121 [KPF_HWPOISON] = "X:hwpoison",
122 [KPF_NOPAGE] = "n:nopage",
125 [KPF_OFFLINE] = "o:offline",
126 [KPF_PGTABLE] = "g:pgtable",
127 [KPF_ZERO_PAGE] = "z:zero_page",
128 [KPF_IDLE] = "i:idle_page",
130 [KPF_RESERVED] = "r:reserved",
131 [KPF_MLOCKED] = "m:mlocked",
132 [KPF_MAPPEDTODISK] = "d:mappedtodisk",
133 [KPF_PRIVATE] = "P:private",
134 [KPF_PRIVATE_2] = "p:private_2",
135 [KPF_OWNER_PRIVATE] = "O:owner_private",
136 [KPF_ARCH] = "h:arch",
137 [KPF_UNCACHED] = "c:uncached",
138 [KPF_SOFTDIRTY] = "f:softdirty",
139 [KPF_ARCH_2] = "H:arch_2",
141 [KPF_ANON_EXCLUSIVE] = "d:anon_exclusive",
142 [KPF_READAHEAD] = "I:readahead",
143 [KPF_SLUB_FROZEN] = "A:slub_frozen",
144 [KPF_SLUB_DEBUG] = "E:slub_debug",
146 [KPF_FILE] = "F:file",
147 [KPF_SWAP] = "w:swap",
148 [KPF_MMAP_EXCLUSIVE] = "1:mmap_exclusive",
156 static int opt_raw; /* for kernel developers */
157 static int opt_list; /* list pages (in ranges) */
158 static int opt_mark_idle; /* set accessed bit */
159 static int opt_no_summary; /* don't show summary */
160 static pid_t opt_pid; /* process to walk */
161 const char *opt_file; /* file or directory path */
162 static uint64_t opt_cgroup; /* cgroup inode */
163 static int opt_list_cgroup;/* list page cgroup */
164 static int opt_list_mapcnt;/* list page map count */
165 static const char *opt_kpageflags;/* kpageflags file to parse */
167 #define MAX_ADDR_RANGES 1024
168 static int nr_addr_ranges;
169 static unsigned long opt_offset[MAX_ADDR_RANGES];
170 static unsigned long opt_size[MAX_ADDR_RANGES];
172 #define MAX_VMAS 10240
174 static unsigned long pg_start[MAX_VMAS];
175 static unsigned long pg_end[MAX_VMAS];
177 #define MAX_BIT_FILTERS 64
178 static int nr_bit_filters;
179 static uint64_t opt_mask[MAX_BIT_FILTERS];
180 static uint64_t opt_bits[MAX_BIT_FILTERS];
182 static int page_size;
184 static int pagemap_fd;
185 static int kpageflags_fd;
186 static int kpagecount_fd = -1;
187 static int kpagecgroup_fd = -1;
188 static int page_idle_fd = -1;
190 static int opt_hwpoison;
191 static int opt_unpoison;
193 static const char *hwpoison_debug_fs;
194 static int hwpoison_inject_fd;
195 static int hwpoison_forget_fd;
197 #define HASH_SHIFT 13
198 #define HASH_SIZE (1 << HASH_SHIFT)
199 #define HASH_MASK (HASH_SIZE - 1)
200 #define HASH_KEY(flags) (flags & HASH_MASK)
202 static unsigned long total_pages;
203 static unsigned long nr_pages[HASH_SIZE];
204 static uint64_t page_flags[HASH_SIZE];
211 #define ARRAY_SIZE(x) (sizeof(x) / sizeof((x)[0]))
213 #define min_t(type, x, y) ({ \
216 __min1 < __min2 ? __min1 : __min2; })
218 #define max_t(type, x, y) ({ \
221 __max1 > __max2 ? __max1 : __max2; })
223 static unsigned long pages2mb(unsigned long pages)
225 return (pages * page_size) >> 20;
228 static void fatal(const char *x, ...)
233 vfprintf(stderr, x, ap);
238 static int checked_open(const char *pathname, int flags)
240 int fd = open(pathname, flags);
251 * pagemap/kpageflags routines
254 static unsigned long do_u64_read(int fd, const char *name,
261 if (index > ULONG_MAX / 8)
262 fatal("index overflow: %lu\n", index);
264 bytes = pread(fd, buf, count * 8, (off_t)index * 8);
270 fatal("partial read: %lu bytes\n", bytes);
275 static unsigned long kpageflags_read(uint64_t *buf,
279 return do_u64_read(kpageflags_fd, opt_kpageflags, buf, index, pages);
282 static unsigned long kpagecgroup_read(uint64_t *buf,
286 if (kpagecgroup_fd < 0)
289 return do_u64_read(kpagecgroup_fd, opt_kpageflags, buf, index, pages);
292 static unsigned long kpagecount_read(uint64_t *buf,
296 return kpagecount_fd < 0 ? pages :
297 do_u64_read(kpagecount_fd, PROC_KPAGECOUNT,
301 static unsigned long pagemap_read(uint64_t *buf,
305 return do_u64_read(pagemap_fd, "/proc/pid/pagemap", buf, index, pages);
308 static unsigned long pagemap_pfn(uint64_t val)
312 if (val & PM_PRESENT)
313 pfn = PM_PFRAME(val);
320 static unsigned long pagemap_swap_offset(uint64_t val)
322 return val & PM_SWAP ? PM_SWAP_OFFSET(val) : 0;
329 static char *page_flag_name(uint64_t flags)
335 for (i = 0, j = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(page_flag_names); i++) {
336 present = (flags >> i) & 1;
337 if (!page_flag_names[i]) {
339 fatal("unknown flag bit %d\n", i);
342 buf[j++] = present ? page_flag_names[i][0] : '_';
348 static char *page_flag_longname(uint64_t flags)
350 static char buf[1024];
353 for (i = 0, n = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(page_flag_names); i++) {
354 if (!page_flag_names[i])
356 if ((flags >> i) & 1)
357 n += snprintf(buf + n, sizeof(buf) - n, "%s,",
358 page_flag_names[i] + 2);
369 * page list and summary
372 static void show_page_range(unsigned long voffset, unsigned long offset,
373 unsigned long size, uint64_t flags,
374 uint64_t cgroup, uint64_t mapcnt)
376 static uint64_t flags0;
377 static uint64_t cgroup0;
378 static uint64_t mapcnt0;
379 static unsigned long voff;
380 static unsigned long index;
381 static unsigned long count;
383 if (flags == flags0 && cgroup == cgroup0 && mapcnt == mapcnt0 &&
384 offset == index + count && size && voffset == voff + count) {
391 printf("%lx\t", voff);
393 printf("%lx\t", voff);
395 printf("@%llu\t", (unsigned long long)cgroup0);
397 printf("%lu\t", mapcnt0);
398 printf("%lx\t%lx\t%s\n",
399 index, count, page_flag_name(flags0));
410 static void flush_page_range(void)
412 show_page_range(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
415 static void show_page(unsigned long voffset, unsigned long offset,
416 uint64_t flags, uint64_t cgroup, uint64_t mapcnt)
419 printf("%lx\t", voffset);
421 printf("%lx\t", voffset);
423 printf("@%llu\t", (unsigned long long)cgroup);
425 printf("%lu\t", mapcnt);
427 printf("%lx\t%s\n", offset, page_flag_name(flags));
430 static void show_summary(void)
434 printf(" flags\tpage-count MB"
435 " symbolic-flags\t\t\tlong-symbolic-flags\n");
437 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(nr_pages); i++) {
439 printf("0x%016llx\t%10lu %8lu %s\t%s\n",
440 (unsigned long long)page_flags[i],
442 pages2mb(nr_pages[i]),
443 page_flag_name(page_flags[i]),
444 page_flag_longname(page_flags[i]));
447 printf(" total\t%10lu %8lu\n",
448 total_pages, pages2mb(total_pages));
456 static int bit_mask_ok(uint64_t flags)
460 for (i = 0; i < nr_bit_filters; i++) {
461 if (opt_bits[i] == KPF_ALL_BITS) {
462 if ((flags & opt_mask[i]) == 0)
465 if ((flags & opt_mask[i]) != opt_bits[i])
473 static uint64_t expand_overloaded_flags(uint64_t flags, uint64_t pme)
475 /* Anonymous pages overload PG_mappedtodisk */
476 if ((flags & BIT(ANON)) && (flags & BIT(MAPPEDTODISK)))
477 flags ^= BIT(MAPPEDTODISK) | BIT(ANON_EXCLUSIVE);
479 /* SLUB overloads several page flags */
480 if (flags & BIT(SLAB)) {
481 if (flags & BIT(ACTIVE))
482 flags ^= BIT(ACTIVE) | BIT(SLUB_FROZEN);
483 if (flags & BIT(ERROR))
484 flags ^= BIT(ERROR) | BIT(SLUB_DEBUG);
487 /* PG_reclaim is overloaded as PG_readahead in the read path */
488 if ((flags & (BIT(RECLAIM) | BIT(WRITEBACK))) == BIT(RECLAIM))
489 flags ^= BIT(RECLAIM) | BIT(READAHEAD);
491 if (pme & PM_SOFT_DIRTY)
492 flags |= BIT(SOFTDIRTY);
497 if (pme & PM_MMAP_EXCLUSIVE)
498 flags |= BIT(MMAP_EXCLUSIVE);
503 static uint64_t well_known_flags(uint64_t flags)
505 /* hide flags intended only for kernel hacker */
506 flags &= ~KPF_HACKERS_BITS;
508 /* hide non-hugeTLB compound pages */
509 if ((flags & BITS_COMPOUND) && !(flags & BIT(HUGE)))
510 flags &= ~BITS_COMPOUND;
515 static uint64_t kpageflags_flags(uint64_t flags, uint64_t pme)
518 flags = expand_overloaded_flags(flags, pme);
520 flags = well_known_flags(flags);
529 static void prepare_hwpoison_fd(void)
531 char buf[MAX_PATH + 1];
533 hwpoison_debug_fs = debugfs__mount();
534 if (!hwpoison_debug_fs) {
535 perror("mount debugfs");
539 if (opt_hwpoison && !hwpoison_inject_fd) {
540 snprintf(buf, MAX_PATH, "%s/hwpoison/corrupt-pfn",
542 hwpoison_inject_fd = checked_open(buf, O_WRONLY);
545 if (opt_unpoison && !hwpoison_forget_fd) {
546 snprintf(buf, MAX_PATH, "%s/hwpoison/unpoison-pfn",
548 hwpoison_forget_fd = checked_open(buf, O_WRONLY);
552 static int hwpoison_page(unsigned long offset)
557 len = sprintf(buf, "0x%lx\n", offset);
558 len = write(hwpoison_inject_fd, buf, len);
560 perror("hwpoison inject");
566 static int unpoison_page(unsigned long offset)
571 len = sprintf(buf, "0x%lx\n", offset);
572 len = write(hwpoison_forget_fd, buf, len);
574 perror("hwpoison forget");
580 static int mark_page_idle(unsigned long offset)
582 static unsigned long off;
586 if ((offset / 64 == off / 64) || buf == 0) {
587 buf |= 1UL << (offset % 64);
592 len = pwrite(page_idle_fd, &buf, 8, 8 * (off / 64));
594 perror("mark page idle");
598 buf = 1UL << (offset % 64);
608 static size_t hash_slot(uint64_t flags)
610 size_t k = HASH_KEY(flags);
613 /* Explicitly reserve slot 0 for flags 0: the following logic
614 * cannot distinguish an unoccupied slot from slot (flags==0).
619 /* search through the remaining (HASH_SIZE-1) slots */
620 for (i = 1; i < ARRAY_SIZE(page_flags); i++, k++) {
621 if (!k || k >= ARRAY_SIZE(page_flags))
623 if (page_flags[k] == 0) {
624 page_flags[k] = flags;
627 if (page_flags[k] == flags)
631 fatal("hash table full: bump up HASH_SHIFT?\n");
635 static void add_page(unsigned long voffset, unsigned long offset,
636 uint64_t flags, uint64_t cgroup, uint64_t mapcnt,
639 flags = kpageflags_flags(flags, pme);
641 if (!bit_mask_ok(flags))
644 if (opt_cgroup && cgroup != (uint64_t)opt_cgroup)
648 hwpoison_page(offset);
650 unpoison_page(offset);
653 mark_page_idle(offset);
656 show_page_range(voffset, offset, 1, flags, cgroup, mapcnt);
657 else if (opt_list == 2)
658 show_page(voffset, offset, flags, cgroup, mapcnt);
660 nr_pages[hash_slot(flags)]++;
664 #define KPAGEFLAGS_BATCH (64 << 10) /* 64k pages */
665 static void walk_pfn(unsigned long voffset,
670 uint64_t buf[KPAGEFLAGS_BATCH];
671 uint64_t cgi[KPAGEFLAGS_BATCH];
672 uint64_t cnt[KPAGEFLAGS_BATCH];
678 * kpagecgroup_read() reads only if kpagecgroup were opened, but
679 * /proc/kpagecgroup might even not exist, so it's better to fill
680 * them with zeros here.
685 memset(cgi, 0, sizeof cgi);
688 batch = min_t(unsigned long, count, KPAGEFLAGS_BATCH);
689 pages = kpageflags_read(buf, index, batch);
693 if (kpagecgroup_read(cgi, index, pages) != pages)
694 fatal("kpagecgroup returned fewer pages than expected");
696 if (kpagecount_read(cnt, index, pages) != pages)
697 fatal("kpagecount returned fewer pages than expected");
699 for (i = 0; i < pages; i++)
700 add_page(voffset + i, index + i,
701 buf[i], cgi[i], cnt[i], pme);
708 static void walk_swap(unsigned long voffset, uint64_t pme)
710 uint64_t flags = kpageflags_flags(0, pme);
712 if (!bit_mask_ok(flags))
719 show_page_range(voffset, pagemap_swap_offset(pme),
721 else if (opt_list == 2)
722 show_page(voffset, pagemap_swap_offset(pme), flags, 0, 0);
724 nr_pages[hash_slot(flags)]++;
728 #define PAGEMAP_BATCH (64 << 10)
729 static void walk_vma(unsigned long index, unsigned long count)
731 uint64_t buf[PAGEMAP_BATCH];
738 batch = min_t(unsigned long, count, PAGEMAP_BATCH);
739 pages = pagemap_read(buf, index, batch);
743 for (i = 0; i < pages; i++) {
744 pfn = pagemap_pfn(buf[i]);
746 walk_pfn(index + i, pfn, 1, buf[i]);
747 if (buf[i] & PM_SWAP)
748 walk_swap(index + i, buf[i]);
756 static void walk_task(unsigned long index, unsigned long count)
758 const unsigned long end = index + count;
762 while (index < end) {
764 while (pg_end[i] <= index)
767 if (pg_start[i] >= end)
770 start = max_t(unsigned long, pg_start[i], index);
771 index = min_t(unsigned long, pg_end[i], end);
773 assert(start < index);
774 walk_vma(start, index - start);
778 static void add_addr_range(unsigned long offset, unsigned long size)
780 if (nr_addr_ranges >= MAX_ADDR_RANGES)
781 fatal("too many addr ranges\n");
783 opt_offset[nr_addr_ranges] = offset;
784 opt_size[nr_addr_ranges] = min_t(unsigned long, size, ULONG_MAX-offset);
788 static void walk_addr_ranges(void)
792 kpageflags_fd = checked_open(opt_kpageflags, O_RDONLY);
795 add_addr_range(0, ULONG_MAX);
797 for (i = 0; i < nr_addr_ranges; i++)
799 walk_pfn(opt_offset[i], opt_offset[i], opt_size[i], 0);
801 walk_task(opt_offset[i], opt_size[i]);
806 close(kpageflags_fd);
814 static const char *page_flag_type(uint64_t flag)
816 if (flag & KPF_HACKERS_BITS)
818 if (flag & KPF_OVERLOADED_BITS)
823 static void usage(void)
828 "page-types [options]\n"
829 " -r|--raw Raw mode, for kernel developers\n"
830 " -d|--describe flags Describe flags\n"
831 " -a|--addr addr-spec Walk a range of pages\n"
832 " -b|--bits bits-spec Walk pages with specified bits\n"
833 " -c|--cgroup path|@inode Walk pages within memory cgroup\n"
834 " -p|--pid pid Walk process address space\n"
835 " -f|--file filename Walk file address space\n"
836 " -i|--mark-idle Mark pages idle\n"
837 " -l|--list Show page details in ranges\n"
838 " -L|--list-each Show page details one by one\n"
839 " -C|--list-cgroup Show cgroup inode for pages\n"
840 " -M|--list-mapcnt Show page map count\n"
841 " -N|--no-summary Don't show summary info\n"
842 " -X|--hwpoison hwpoison pages\n"
843 " -x|--unpoison unpoison pages\n"
844 " -F|--kpageflags filename kpageflags file to parse\n"
845 " -h|--help Show this usage message\n"
847 " 0x10 bitfield format, e.g.\n"
848 " anon bit-name, e.g.\n"
849 " 0x10,anon comma-separated list, e.g.\n"
851 " N one page at offset N (unit: pages)\n"
852 " N+M pages range from N to N+M-1\n"
853 " N,M pages range from N to M-1\n"
854 " N, pages range from N to end\n"
855 " ,M pages range from 0 to M-1\n"
857 " bit1,bit2 (flags & (bit1|bit2)) != 0\n"
858 " bit1,bit2=bit1 (flags & (bit1|bit2)) == bit1\n"
859 " bit1,~bit2 (flags & (bit1|bit2)) == bit1\n"
860 " =bit1,bit2 flags == (bit1|bit2)\n"
864 for (i = 0, j = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(page_flag_names); i++) {
865 if (!page_flag_names[i])
867 printf("%16s%s", page_flag_names[i] + 2,
868 page_flag_type(1ULL << i));
875 "(r) raw mode bits (o) overloaded bits\n");
878 static unsigned long long parse_number(const char *str)
880 unsigned long long n;
882 n = strtoll(str, NULL, 0);
884 if (n == 0 && str[0] != '0')
885 fatal("invalid name or number: %s\n", str);
890 static void parse_pid(const char *str)
895 opt_pid = parse_number(str);
897 sprintf(buf, "/proc/%d/pagemap", opt_pid);
898 pagemap_fd = checked_open(buf, O_RDONLY);
900 sprintf(buf, "/proc/%d/maps", opt_pid);
901 file = fopen(buf, "r");
907 while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file) != NULL) {
908 unsigned long vm_start;
909 unsigned long vm_end;
910 unsigned long long pgoff;
916 n = sscanf(buf, "%lx-%lx %c%c%c%c %llx %x:%x %lu",
924 fprintf(stderr, "unexpected line: %s\n", buf);
927 pg_start[nr_vmas] = vm_start / page_size;
928 pg_end[nr_vmas] = vm_end / page_size;
929 if (++nr_vmas >= MAX_VMAS) {
930 fprintf(stderr, "too many VMAs\n");
937 static void show_file(const char *name, const struct stat *st)
939 unsigned long long size = st->st_size;
940 char atime[64], mtime[64];
941 long now = time(NULL);
943 printf("%s\tInode: %u\tSize: %llu (%llu pages)\n",
944 name, (unsigned)st->st_ino,
945 size, (size + page_size - 1) / page_size);
947 strftime(atime, sizeof(atime), "%c", localtime(&st->st_atime));
948 strftime(mtime, sizeof(mtime), "%c", localtime(&st->st_mtime));
950 printf("Modify: %s (%ld seconds ago)\nAccess: %s (%ld seconds ago)\n",
951 mtime, now - st->st_mtime,
952 atime, now - st->st_atime);
955 static sigjmp_buf sigbus_jmp;
957 static void * volatile sigbus_addr;
959 static void sigbus_handler(int sig, siginfo_t *info, void *ucontex)
963 sigbus_addr = info ? info->si_addr : NULL;
964 siglongjmp(sigbus_jmp, 1);
967 static struct sigaction sigbus_action = {
968 .sa_sigaction = sigbus_handler,
969 .sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO,
972 static void walk_file_range(const char *name, int fd,
973 unsigned long off, unsigned long end)
975 uint8_t vec[PAGEMAP_BATCH];
976 uint64_t buf[PAGEMAP_BATCH], flags;
979 unsigned long nr_pages, pfn, i;
984 for (; off < end; off += len) {
985 nr_pages = (end - off + page_size - 1) / page_size;
986 if (nr_pages > PAGEMAP_BATCH)
987 nr_pages = PAGEMAP_BATCH;
988 len = nr_pages * page_size;
990 ptr = mmap(NULL, len, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, fd, off);
991 if (ptr == MAP_FAILED)
992 fatal("mmap failed: %s", name);
994 /* determine cached pages */
995 if (mincore(ptr, len, vec))
996 fatal("mincore failed: %s", name);
998 /* turn off readahead */
999 if (madvise(ptr, len, MADV_RANDOM))
1000 fatal("madvice failed: %s", name);
1002 if (sigsetjmp(sigbus_jmp, 1)) {
1003 end = off + sigbus_addr ? sigbus_addr - ptr : 0;
1004 fprintf(stderr, "got sigbus at offset %lld: %s\n",
1005 (long long)end, name);
1010 for (i = 0; i < nr_pages ; i++) {
1012 (void)*(volatile int *)(ptr + i * page_size);
1016 /* turn off harvesting reference bits */
1017 if (madvise(ptr, len, MADV_SEQUENTIAL))
1018 fatal("madvice failed: %s", name);
1020 if (pagemap_read(buf, (unsigned long)ptr / page_size,
1021 nr_pages) != nr_pages)
1022 fatal("cannot read pagemap");
1026 for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++) {
1027 pfn = pagemap_pfn(buf[i]);
1030 if (!kpageflags_read(&flags, pfn, 1))
1032 if (!kpagecgroup_read(&cgroup, pfn, 1))
1033 fatal("kpagecgroup_read failed");
1034 if (!kpagecount_read(&mapcnt, pfn, 1))
1035 fatal("kpagecount_read failed");
1036 if (first && opt_list) {
1040 add_page(off / page_size + i, pfn,
1041 flags, cgroup, mapcnt, buf[i]);
1046 static void walk_file(const char *name, const struct stat *st)
1051 fd = checked_open(name, O_RDONLY|O_NOATIME|O_NOFOLLOW);
1053 if (!nr_addr_ranges)
1054 add_addr_range(0, st->st_size / page_size);
1056 for (i = 0; i < nr_addr_ranges; i++)
1057 walk_file_range(name, fd, opt_offset[i] * page_size,
1058 (opt_offset[i] + opt_size[i]) * page_size);
1063 int walk_tree(const char *name, const struct stat *st, int type, struct FTW *f)
1068 if (S_ISREG(st->st_mode))
1069 walk_file(name, st);
1072 fprintf(stderr, "cannot read dir: %s\n", name);
1080 static void walk_page_cache(void)
1082 kpageflags_fd = checked_open(opt_kpageflags, O_RDONLY);
1083 pagemap_fd = checked_open("/proc/self/pagemap", O_RDONLY);
1084 sigaction(SIGBUS, &sigbus_action, NULL);
1086 if (stat(opt_file, &st))
1087 fatal("stat failed: %s\n", opt_file);
1089 if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
1090 walk_file(opt_file, &st);
1091 } else if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
1092 /* do not follow symlinks and mountpoints */
1093 if (nftw(opt_file, walk_tree, 64, FTW_MOUNT | FTW_PHYS) < 0)
1094 fatal("nftw failed: %s\n", opt_file);
1096 fatal("unhandled file type: %s\n", opt_file);
1098 close(kpageflags_fd);
1100 signal(SIGBUS, SIG_DFL);
1103 static void parse_file(const char *name)
1108 static void parse_cgroup(const char *path)
1110 if (path[0] == '@') {
1111 opt_cgroup = parse_number(path + 1);
1117 if (stat(path, &st))
1118 fatal("stat failed: %s: %m\n", path);
1120 if (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
1121 fatal("cgroup supposed to be a directory: %s\n", path);
1123 opt_cgroup = st.st_ino;
1126 static void parse_addr_range(const char *optarg)
1128 unsigned long offset;
1132 p = strchr(optarg, ',');
1134 p = strchr(optarg, '+');
1138 size = parse_number(p + 1);
1140 offset = parse_number(optarg);
1144 size = parse_number(p + 1);
1147 fatal("invalid range: %lu,%lu\n",
1153 offset = parse_number(optarg);
1157 add_addr_range(offset, size);
1160 static void add_bits_filter(uint64_t mask, uint64_t bits)
1162 if (nr_bit_filters >= MAX_BIT_FILTERS)
1163 fatal("too much bit filters\n");
1165 opt_mask[nr_bit_filters] = mask;
1166 opt_bits[nr_bit_filters] = bits;
1170 static uint64_t parse_flag_name(const char *str, int len)
1177 if (len <= 8 && !strncmp(str, "compound", len))
1178 return BITS_COMPOUND;
1180 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(page_flag_names); i++) {
1181 if (!page_flag_names[i])
1183 if (!strncmp(str, page_flag_names[i] + 2, len))
1187 return parse_number(str);
1190 static uint64_t parse_flag_names(const char *str, int all)
1192 const char *p = str;
1196 if (*p == ',' || *p == '=' || *p == '\0') {
1197 if ((*str != '~') || (*str == '~' && all && *++str))
1198 flags |= parse_flag_name(str, p - str);
1209 static void parse_bits_mask(const char *optarg)
1215 p = strchr(optarg, '=');
1217 mask = KPF_ALL_BITS;
1218 bits = parse_flag_names(p + 1, 0);
1220 mask = parse_flag_names(optarg, 0);
1221 bits = parse_flag_names(p + 1, 0);
1222 } else if (strchr(optarg, '~')) {
1223 mask = parse_flag_names(optarg, 1);
1224 bits = parse_flag_names(optarg, 0);
1226 mask = parse_flag_names(optarg, 0);
1227 bits = KPF_ALL_BITS;
1230 add_bits_filter(mask, bits);
1233 static void parse_kpageflags(const char *name)
1235 opt_kpageflags = name;
1238 static void describe_flags(const char *optarg)
1240 uint64_t flags = parse_flag_names(optarg, 0);
1242 printf("0x%016llx\t%s\t%s\n",
1243 (unsigned long long)flags,
1244 page_flag_name(flags),
1245 page_flag_longname(flags));
1248 static const struct option opts[] = {
1249 { "raw" , 0, NULL, 'r' },
1250 { "pid" , 1, NULL, 'p' },
1251 { "file" , 1, NULL, 'f' },
1252 { "addr" , 1, NULL, 'a' },
1253 { "bits" , 1, NULL, 'b' },
1254 { "cgroup" , 1, NULL, 'c' },
1255 { "describe" , 1, NULL, 'd' },
1256 { "mark-idle" , 0, NULL, 'i' },
1257 { "list" , 0, NULL, 'l' },
1258 { "list-each" , 0, NULL, 'L' },
1259 { "list-cgroup", 0, NULL, 'C' },
1260 { "list-mapcnt", 0, NULL, 'M' },
1261 { "no-summary", 0, NULL, 'N' },
1262 { "hwpoison" , 0, NULL, 'X' },
1263 { "unpoison" , 0, NULL, 'x' },
1264 { "kpageflags", 0, NULL, 'F' },
1265 { "help" , 0, NULL, 'h' },
1266 { NULL , 0, NULL, 0 }
1269 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
1273 page_size = getpagesize();
1275 while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv,
1276 "rp:f:a:b:d:c:CilLMNXxF:h",
1277 opts, NULL)) != -1) {
1289 parse_addr_range(optarg);
1292 parse_bits_mask(optarg);
1295 parse_cgroup(optarg);
1298 opt_list_cgroup = 1;
1301 describe_flags(optarg);
1313 opt_list_mapcnt = 1;
1320 prepare_hwpoison_fd();
1324 prepare_hwpoison_fd();
1327 parse_kpageflags(optarg);
1338 if (!opt_kpageflags)
1339 opt_kpageflags = PROC_KPAGEFLAGS;
1341 if (opt_cgroup || opt_list_cgroup)
1342 kpagecgroup_fd = checked_open(PROC_KPAGECGROUP, O_RDONLY);
1344 if (opt_list && opt_list_mapcnt)
1345 kpagecount_fd = checked_open(PROC_KPAGECOUNT, O_RDONLY);
1348 page_idle_fd = checked_open(SYS_KERNEL_MM_PAGE_IDLE, O_RDWR);
1350 if (opt_list && opt_pid)
1351 printf("voffset\t");
1352 if (opt_list && opt_file)
1353 printf("foffset\t");
1354 if (opt_list && opt_list_cgroup)
1356 if (opt_list && opt_list_mapcnt)
1357 printf("map-cnt\t");
1360 printf("offset\tlen\tflags\n");
1362 printf("offset\tflags\n");
1379 show_file(opt_file, &st);
1385 if (opt_list_mapcnt)
1386 close(kpagecount_fd);
1388 if (page_idle_fd >= 0)
1389 close(page_idle_fd);