1 # @(#)southamerica 7.27
3 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
4 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
5 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
7 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1996-11-22):
8 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
9 # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (4th edition),
10 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1995).
12 # Gwillim Law <LAW@encmail.encompass.com> writes that a good source
13 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
14 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
15 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
16 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
18 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
19 # and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
21 # The following abbreviations are used in this file.
22 # Corrections are welcome!
25 # -2:00 FST FDT Fernando de Noronha
26 # -3:00 EST EDT Eastern Brazil
27 # -4:00 WST WDT Western Brazil
28 # -4:00 AST ADT Atlantic
31 # Earlier editions of these tables used the North American style (e.g. ARST and
32 # ARDT for Argentine Standard and Daylight Time), but the following quote
33 # suggests that it's better to use European style (e.g. ART and ARST).
34 # I suggest the use of _Summer time_ instead of the more cumbersome
35 # _daylight-saving time_. _Summer time_ seems to be in general use
36 # in Europe and South America.
37 # -- E O Cutler, _New York Times_ (1937-02-14), quoted in
38 # H L Mencken, _The American Language: Supplement I_ (1960), p 466
42 # From Official Airline Guide - Worldwide Edition (1987). Countries not
43 # listed here do not observe DST, according to the OAG. Time zone names
44 # are pure inventions, and none are supplied for countries not observing
45 # DST; updates from natives would be appreciated. The times that DST
46 # starts and ends are based on the assumption that they switch a 2AM just
47 # as everybody else does.
49 ###############################################################################
51 ###############################################################################
55 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
56 # Argentina: first Sunday in October to first Sunday in April since 1976.
57 # Double Summer time from 1969 to 1974. Switches at midnight.
59 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1988-01-199):
60 # ARGENTINA 3 H BEHIND UTC
62 # From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
63 # I am sending modifications to the Argentine time zone table...
64 # AR was chosen because they are the ISO letters that represent Argentina.
66 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
67 Rule Arg 1930 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
68 Rule Arg 1931 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
69 Rule Arg 1931 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
70 Rule Arg 1932 1940 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
71 Rule Arg 1932 1939 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
72 Rule Arg 1940 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S
73 Rule Arg 1941 only - Jun 15 0:00 0 -
74 Rule Arg 1941 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
75 Rule Arg 1943 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
76 Rule Arg 1943 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
77 Rule Arg 1946 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
78 Rule Arg 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
79 Rule Arg 1963 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
80 Rule Arg 1963 only - Dec 15 0:00 1:00 S
81 Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
82 Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
83 Rule Arg 1967 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
84 Rule Arg 1967 1968 - Oct Sun<=7 0:00 1:00 S
85 Rule Arg 1968 1969 - Apr Sun<=7 0:00 0 -
86 Rule Arg 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S
87 Rule Arg 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
88 Rule Arg 1974 1976 - Oct Sun<=7 0:00 1:00 S
89 Rule Arg 1975 1977 - Apr Sun<=7 0:00 0 -
90 Rule Arg 1985 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
91 Rule Arg 1986 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
92 Rule Arg 1986 1987 - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
93 Rule Arg 1987 only - Feb 13 0:00 0 -
94 Rule Arg 1988 only - Feb 7 0:00 0 -
95 Rule Arg 1988 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
97 # From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
98 # These corrections were contributed by InterSoft Argentina S.A.,
99 # obtaining the data from the:
100 # Talleres de Hidrografia Naval Argentina
101 # (Argentine Naval Hydrography Institute)
103 # Shanks gives 1989 Mar 16 and stops after 1990 Mar 4; go with Otero.
104 Rule Arg 1989 1993 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
105 Rule Arg 1989 1992 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
107 # From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
108 # From this moment on, the law that mandated the daylight saving
109 # time corrections was derogated and no more modifications
110 # to the time zones (for daylight saving) are now made.
112 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
114 # Buenos Aires (BA), Distrito Federal (DF), Santa Cruz (SC),
115 # Tierra del Fuego (TF) & Antartida e Islas
116 Zone America/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT 1894 Nov
117 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
119 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
122 # Santa Fe (SF), Entre Rios (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN), Chaco (CC),
123 # Formosa (FM), La Pampa (LP), Chubut (CH)
124 Zone America/Rosario -4:02:40 - LMT 1894 Nov
125 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
127 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
128 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Jul
131 # Cordoba (CB), Santiago del Estero (SE), Salta (SA), Tucuman (TM), La Rioja (LR), San Juan (SJ), San Luis (SL),
132 # Neuquen (NQ), Rio Negro (RN)
133 Zone America/Cordoba -4:16:44 - LMT 1894 Nov
134 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
136 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
137 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Jul
141 Zone America/Jujuy -4:21:12 - LMT 1894 Nov
142 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
144 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
145 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
146 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 6
147 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 15
148 -4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18
152 Zone America/Catamarca -4:23:08 - LMT 1894 Nov
153 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
155 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
156 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Jul
158 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1992 Jul
162 Zone America/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT 1894 Nov
163 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
165 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
166 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
167 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 15
168 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 1
169 -4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18
173 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
174 Zone America/Aruba -4:40:24 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Oranjestad
175 -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
179 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
180 Zone America/La_Paz -4:32:36 - LMT 1890
181 -4:32:36 - LPMT 1931 Oct 15 # La Paz Mean Time
182 -4:32:36 1:00 BOST 1932 Mar 21 # Bolivia ST
183 -4:00 - BOT # Bolivia Time
187 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
188 # The mayor of Rio recently attempted to change the time zone rules
189 # just in his city, in order to leave more summer time for the tourist trade.
190 # The rule change lasted only part of the day;
191 # the federal government refused to follow the city's rules, and business
192 # was in a chaos, so the mayor backed down that afternoon.
194 # From IATA SSIM (1996-02):
195 # _Only_ the following states in BR1 observe DST: Rio Grande do Sul (RS),
196 # Santa Catarina (SC), Parana (PR), Sao Paulo (SP), Rio de Janeiro (RJ),
197 # Espirito Santo (ES), Minas Gerais (MG), Bahia (BA), Goias (GO),
198 # Distrito Federal (DF), Tocantins (TO), Sergipe [SE] and Alagoas [AL].
199 # [The last three states are new to this issue of the IATA SSIM.]
201 # From Gwillim Law (1996-10-07):
202 # Geography, history (Tocantins was part of Goias until 1989), and other
203 # sources of time zone information lead me to believe that AL, SE, and TO were
204 # always in BR1, and so the only change was whether or not they observed DST....
205 # The earliest issue of the SSIM I have is 2/91. Each issue from then until
206 # 9/95 says that DST is observed only in the ten states I quoted from 9/95,
207 # along with Mato Grosso (MT) and Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), which are in BR2
208 # (UTC-4).... The other two time zones given for Brazil are BR3, which is
209 # UTC-5, no DST, and applies only in the state of Acre (AC); and BR4, which is
210 # UTC-2, and applies to Fernando de Noronha (formerly FN, but I believe it's
211 # become part of the state of Pernambuco). The boundary between BR1 and BR2
212 # has never been clearly stated. They've simply been called East and West.
213 # However, some conclusions can be drawn from another IATA manual: the Airline
214 # Coding Directory, which lists close to 400 airports in Brazil. For each
215 # airport it gives a time zone which is coded to the SSIM. From that
216 # information, I'm led to conclude that the states of Amapa (AP), Ceara (CE),
217 # Maranhao (MA), Paraiba (PR), Pernambuco (PE), Piaui (PI), and Rio Grande do
218 # Norte (RN), and the eastern part of Para (PA) are all in BR1 without DST.
220 # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
221 # Let's make the following assumptions:
223 # * All data in Shanks are correct through 1990. In particular,
224 # Shanks was right when he said Acre stopped observing DST in mid-1988.
225 # * Areas where Shanks reports DST up to 1990, but the IATA reports no DST
226 # in 1995, stopped observing DST in mid-1990.
228 # Under these assumptions Brazil needs 7 entries to cover all the distinct
229 # time zone histories since 1970:
231 # Noronha (UTC-2), Fortaleza (UTC-3), and Manaus (UTC-4) stopped observing DST
233 # Maceio (UTC-3) stopped observing DST in mid-1990, but started again mid-1995.
234 # Sao Paulo (UTC-3) and Cuiaba (UTC-4) always observed DST.
235 # Porto Acre (UTC-5) stopped observing DST in mid-1988.
237 # From Rodrigo Feher <feher@pobox.com> (1998-01-17):
238 # Reading "southamerica" file in timezone 7.55 I've found an
239 # error. Line 193 say "Territory of Acre". It is not a territory anymore
242 # From Marcos Tadeu (1998-09-27):
243 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/verao1.html">
244 # Brazilian official page
247 # From Paul Eggert (1998-09-28):
248 # The official decrees referenced below are taken from
249 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html">
250 # Decretos sobre o Horario de Verao no Brasil
251 # </a> (1998-09-25, in Portuguese).
253 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
254 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV20466.htm">20,466</a> (1931-10-01)
255 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV21896.htm">21,896</a> (1932-01-10)
256 Rule Brazil 1931 only - Oct 3 11:00 1:00 D
257 Rule Brazil 1932 1933 - Apr 1 0:00 0 S
258 Rule Brazil 1932 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 D
259 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV23195.htm">23,195</a> (1933-10-10)
261 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27496.htm">27,496</a> (1949-11-24)
262 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27998.htm">27,998</a> (1950-04-13)
263 Rule Brazil 1949 1952 - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 D
264 Rule Brazil 1950 only - Apr 16 1:00 0 S
265 Rule Brazil 1951 1952 - Apr 1 0:00 0 S
266 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV32308.htm">32,308</a> (1953-02-24)
267 Rule Brazil 1953 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 S
268 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV34724.htm">34,724</a> (1953-11-30)
270 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV52700.htm">52,700</a> (1963-10-18)
271 # established DST from 1963-10-23 00:00 to 1964-02-29 00:00
272 # in SP, RJ, GB, MG, ES, due to the prolongation of the drought.
273 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53071.htm">53,071</a> (1963-12-03)
274 # extended the above decree to all of the national territory on 12-09.
275 Rule Brazil 1963 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 D
276 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53604.htm">53,604</a> (1964-02-25)
277 # extended summer time by one day to 1964-03-01 00:00 (start of school).
278 Rule Brazil 1964 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 S
279 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV55639.htm">55,639</a> (1965-01-27)
280 Rule Brazil 1965 only - Jan 31 0:00 1:00 D
281 Rule Brazil 1965 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 S
282 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57303.htm">57,303</a> (1965-11-22)
283 Rule Brazil 1965 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 D
284 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57843.htm">57,843</a> (1966-02-18)
285 Rule Brazil 1966 1968 - Mar 1 0:00 0 S
286 Rule Brazil 1966 1967 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 D
287 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV63429.htm">63,429</a> (1968-10-15)
289 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV91698.htm">91,698</a> (1985-09-27)
290 Rule Brazil 1985 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 D
291 # Decree 92,310 (1986-01-21)
292 # Decree 92,463 (1986-03-13)
293 Rule Brazil 1986 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 S
294 # Decree 93,316 (1986-10-01)
295 Rule Brazil 1986 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 D
296 Rule Brazil 1987 only - Feb 14 0:00 0 S
297 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV94922.htm">94,922</a> (1987-09-22)
298 Rule Brazil 1987 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 D
299 Rule Brazil 1988 only - Feb 7 0:00 0 S
300 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV96676.htm">96,676</a> (1988-09-12)
301 # except for the states of AC, AM, PA, RR, RO, and AP (then a territory)
302 Rule Brazil 1988 only - Oct 16 0:00 1:00 D
303 Rule Brazil 1989 only - Jan 29 0:00 0 S
304 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV98077.htm">98,077</a> (1989-08-21)
305 # with the same exceptions
306 Rule Brazil 1989 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 D
307 Rule Brazil 1990 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 S
308 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV99530.htm">99,530</a> (1990-09-17)
309 # adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, GO, MS, DF.
310 # Decree 99,629 (1990-10-19) adds BA, MT.
311 Rule Brazil 1990 only - Oct 21 0:00 1:00 D
312 Rule Brazil 1991 only - Feb 17 0:00 0 S
313 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1991.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1991-09-25)
314 # adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, BA, GO, MT, MS, DF.
315 Rule Brazil 1991 only - Oct 20 0:00 1:00 D
316 Rule Brazil 1992 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 S
317 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1992.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1992-10-16)
318 # adopted by same states.
319 Rule Brazil 1992 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 D
320 Rule Brazil 1993 only - Jan 31 0:00 0 S
321 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV942.htm">942</a> (1993-09-28)
322 # adopted by same states, plus AM.
323 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1252.htm">1,252</a> (1994-09-22)
324 # adopted by same states, minus AM.
325 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1636.htm">1,636</a> (1995-09-14)
326 # adopted by same states, plus TO.
327 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1674.htm">1,674</a> (1995-10-13)
329 Rule Brazil 1993 1995 - Oct Sun>=11 0:00 1:00 D
330 Rule Brazil 1994 1995 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 S
331 Rule Brazil 1996 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 S
332 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV2000.htm">2,000</a> (1996-09-04)
333 # adopted by same states, minus AL, SE.
334 Rule Brazil 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 D
335 Rule Brazil 1997 only - Feb 16 0:00 0 S
336 # From Daniel C. Sobral <dcs@gns.com.br> (1998-02-12):
337 # In 1997, the DS began on October 6. The stated reason was that
338 # because international television networks ignored Brazil's policy on DS,
339 # they bought the wrong times on satellite for coverage of Pope's visit.
340 # This year, the ending date of DS was postponed to March 1
341 # to help dealing with the shortages of electric power.
343 # From Paul Eggert (1998-02-25):
344 # <a href="http://churchnet.ucsm.ac.uk/news/files2/news165.htm">
345 # Brazil Prepares for Papal Visit
347 # Church Net UK (1997-10-02).
349 # Decree 2,317 (1997-09-04), adopted by same states.
350 Rule Brazil 1997 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 D
351 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV2495.JPG">2,495</a>
353 Rule Brazil 1998 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 S
354 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/Hv98.jpg">2,780</a> (1998-09-11)
355 # adopted by the same states as before,
356 # specifies only the 1998-10-11 and 1999-02-21 transitions;
357 # after that, these rules are guesses and are quite possibly wrong,
358 # but they are more likely than no DST at all.
359 Rule Brazil 1998 max - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
360 Rule Brazil 1999 max - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 S
363 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
365 # Fernando de Noronha
366 Zone America/Noronha -2:09:40 - LMT 1914
367 -2:00 Brazil F%sT 1990 Jul
371 Zone America/Belem -3:13:56 - LMT 1914
372 -3:00 Brazil E%sT 1988 Jul
375 # Maranhao, Piaui, Ceara, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraiba,
376 # Pernambuco (except Fernando de Noronha)
377 Zone America/Fortaleza -2:34:00 - LMT 1914
378 -3:00 Brazil E%sT 1990 Jul
382 Zone America/Araguaina -3:12:48 - LMT 1914
383 -3:00 Brazil E%sT 1990 Jul
388 Zone America/Maceio -2:22:52 - LMT 1914
389 -3:00 Brazil E%sT 1990 Jul
391 -3:00 Brazil E%sT 1996 Jul
394 # Bahia, Goias, Distrito Federal, Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro,
395 # Sao Paulo, Parana, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul
396 Zone America/Sao_Paulo -3:06:28 - LMT 1914
397 -3:00 Brazil E%sT 1963 Oct 23 00:00
401 # Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul
402 Zone America/Cuiaba -3:44:20 - LMT 1914
403 -4:00 Brazil W%sT 1990 Jul
406 # Roraima, west Para, Rondonia
407 Zone America/Porto_Velho -4:15:36 - LMT 1914
408 -4:00 Brazil W%sT 1988 Jul
412 Zone America/Manaus -4:00:04 - LMT 1914
413 -4:00 Brazil W%sT 1988 Jul
415 -4:00 Brazil W%sT 1994 Jul
419 # Rio_Branco is too ambiguous, since there's a Rio Branco in Uruguay too.
420 Zone America/Porto_Acre -4:31:12 - LMT 1914
421 -5:00 Brazil A%sT 1988 Jul
424 # Martin Vaz and Trinidade are like America/Noronha.
429 # From Eduardo Krell (1995-10-19):
430 # The law says to switch to DST at midnight [24:00] on the second SATURDAY
431 # of October.... The law is the same for March and October.
433 # Because of the drought this year, the government decided to go into
434 # DST earlier (saturday 9/26 at 24:00). This is a one-time change only ...
435 # (unless there's another dry season next year, I guess).
437 # From Julio I. Pacheco Troncoso (1999-03-18):
438 # Because of the same drought, the government decided to end DST later,
439 # on April 3, (one-time change).
441 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
442 Rule Chile 1918 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S
443 Rule Chile 1919 only - Jul 2 0:00 0 -
444 Rule Chile 1927 1931 - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S
445 Rule Chile 1928 1932 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
446 Rule Chile 1969 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S
447 Rule Chile 1970 1998 - Mar Sun>=9 0:00 0 -
448 Rule Chile 1998 only - Sep 27 0:00 1:00 S
449 Rule Chile 1999 only - Apr 4 0:00 0 -
450 Rule Chile 1999 max - Oct Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S
451 Rule Chile 2000 max - Mar Sun>=9 0:00 0 -
452 # IATA SSIM anomalies: (1990-09) says 1990-09-16; (1992-02) says 1992-03-14;
453 # (1996-09) says 1998-03-08. Ignore these for now.
454 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
455 Zone America/Santiago -4:42:40 - LMT 1890
456 -4:42:40 - SMT 1910 # Santiago Mean Time
457 -5:00 Chile CL%sT 1932 Sep # Chile Time
459 Zone Pacific/Easter -7:17:28 - LMT 1890 # Mataveri
460 -7:17:28 - MMT 1932 Sep # Mataveri Mean Time
461 -7:00 Chile EAS%sT 1982 Mar 14 # Easter I Time
464 # Whitman says Juan Fernandez Is are like America/Santiago.
465 # San Ambrosio, San Felix
466 # no information; probably like America/Santiago
470 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
471 Rule CO 1992 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S
472 # Shanks (1995) estimates 1993-04-03 24:00 for this; go with IATA.
473 Rule CO 1992 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 -
474 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
475 Zone America/Bogota -4:56:20 - LMT 1884 Mar 13
476 -4:56:20 - BMT 1914 Nov 23 # Bogota Mean Time
477 -5:00 CO CO%sT # Colombia Time
478 # Malpelo, Providencia, San Andres
479 # no information; probably like America/Bogota
482 # Shanks (1995) says that Bottom and Oranjestad have been at -4:00 since
483 # standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that Kralendijk and Rincon
484 # used Kralendijk Mean Time (-4:33:08) from 1912-02-02 to 1965-01-01.
485 # This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though.
486 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
487 Zone America/Curacao -4:35:44 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Willemstad
488 -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
492 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
493 Zone America/Guayaquil -5:19:20 - LMT 1890
494 -5:14:00 - QMT 1931 # Quito Mean Time
495 -5:00 - ECT # Ecuador Time
496 Zone Pacific/Galapagos -5:58:24 - LMT 1931 # Puerto Baquerizo Moreno
498 -6:00 - GALT # Galapagos Time
501 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
502 Rule Falk 1937 1938 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
503 Rule Falk 1938 1942 - Mar Sun>=19 0:00 0 -
504 Rule Falk 1939 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
505 Rule Falk 1940 1942 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
506 Rule Falk 1943 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
507 Rule Falk 1983 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
508 Rule Falk 1984 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 0 -
509 Rule Falk 1984 only - Sep 16 0:00 1:00 S
510 Rule Falk 1985 1995 - Sep Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S
511 Rule Falk 1986 max - Apr Sun>=16 0:00 0 -
512 Rule Falk 1996 max - Sep Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S
513 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
514 Zone Atlantic/Stanley -3:51:24 - LMT 1890
515 -3:51:24 - SMT 1912 Mar 12 # Stanley Mean Time
516 -4:00 Falk FK%sT 1983 May # Falkland Is Time
517 -3:00 Falk FK%sT 1985 Sep 15
521 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
522 Zone America/Cayenne -3:29:20 - LMT 1911 Jul
523 -4:00 - GFT 1967 Oct # French Guiana Time
527 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
528 Zone America/Guyana -3:52:40 - LMT 1915 Mar # Georgetown
529 -3:45 - GBGT 1966 May 26 # Br Guiana Time
530 -3:45 - GYT 1975 Jul 31 # Guyana Time
532 # IATA SSIM (1996-06) says -4:00. Assume a 1991 switch.
537 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
538 # Paraguay: First day in October to last in March. Midnight switch??
541 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
542 # PARAGUAY 4 H BEHIND UTC
543 # PARAGUAY 3 H BEHIND UTC OCT 1, '88-MAR 31, '89
545 # From Shanks (1991):
546 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
547 Rule Para 1975 1978 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
548 Rule Para 1975 1978 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
549 # Shanks says 1979 was all DST.
550 Rule Para 1980 1991 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
551 Rule Para 1980 1988 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
552 Rule Para 1989 only - Oct 22 0:00 1:00 S
553 Rule Para 1990 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
554 Rule Para 1991 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
555 Rule Para 1992 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
556 Rule Para 1992 only - Oct 5 0:00 1:00 S
557 Rule Para 1993 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 -
558 Rule Para 1993 1995 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
559 Rule Para 1994 1995 - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
560 Rule Para 1996 1998 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
561 Rule Para 1996 max - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
562 Rule Para 1999 max - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
563 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
564 Zone America/Asuncion -3:50:40 - LMT 1890
565 -3:50:40 - AMT 1931 Oct 10 # Asuncion Mean Time
566 -4:00 - PYT 1972 Oct # Paraguay Time
571 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
572 Rule Peru 1938 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
573 Rule Peru 1938 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
574 Rule Peru 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
575 Rule Peru 1939 1940 - Mar Sun>=24 0:00 0 -
576 Rule Peru 1987 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
577 Rule Peru 1987 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
578 Rule Peru 1990 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
579 Rule Peru 1990 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
580 Rule Peru 1993 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
581 Rule Peru 1993 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
582 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
583 Zone America/Lima -5:08:12 - LMT 1890
584 -5:09 - LMT 1908 Jul 28 # Lima Mean Time
585 -5:00 Peru PE%sT # Peru Time
588 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
589 Zone Atlantic/South_Georgia -2:26:08 - LMT 1890 # Grytviken
590 -2:00 - GST # South Georgia Time
593 # uninhabited; scientific personnel have wintered
596 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
597 Zone America/Paramaribo -3:40:40 - LMT 1911
598 -3:40:52 - PMT 1935 # Paramaribo Mean Time
599 -3:40:36 - PMT 1945 Oct # The capital moved?
600 -3:30 - NEGT 1975 Nov 20 # Dutch Guiana Time
601 -3:30 - SRT 1984 Oct # Suriname Time
604 # Trinidad and Tobago
605 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
606 Zone America/Port_of_Spain -4:06:04 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
610 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
611 # Uruguay wins the prize for the strangest peacetime manipulation of the rules.
612 # From Shanks (1991):
613 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
614 # Whitman gives 1923 Oct 1; go with Shanks.
615 Rule Uruguay 1923 only - Oct 2 0:00 0:30 HS
616 Rule Uruguay 1924 1926 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
617 Rule Uruguay 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0:30 HS
618 Rule Uruguay 1933 1935 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
619 # Shanks gives 1935 Apr 1 0:00 and 1936 Mar 30 0:00; go with Whitman.
620 Rule Uruguay 1934 1936 - Mar Sat>=25 23:30s 0 -
621 Rule Uruguay 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 0:30 HS
622 Rule Uruguay 1937 1941 - Mar lastSun 0:00 0 -
623 # Whitman gives 1937 Oct 3; go with Shanks.
624 Rule Uruguay 1937 1940 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
625 # Whitman gives 1941 Oct 24 - 1942 Mar 27, 1942 Dec 14 - 1943 Apr 13,
626 # and 1943 Apr 13 ``to present time''; go with Shanks.
627 Rule Uruguay 1941 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
628 Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Jan 1 0:00 0:30 HS
629 Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
630 Rule Uruguay 1943 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
631 Rule Uruguay 1959 only - May 24 0:00 1:00 S
632 Rule Uruguay 1959 only - Nov 15 0:00 0 -
633 Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Jan 17 0:00 1:00 S
634 Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Mar 6 0:00 0 -
635 Rule Uruguay 1965 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
636 Rule Uruguay 1965 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 -
637 Rule Uruguay 1966 1967 - Oct 31 0:00 0 -
638 Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - May 27 0:00 0:30 HS
639 Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - Dec 2 0:00 0 -
640 Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Apr 24 0:00 1:00 S
641 Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Aug 15 0:00 0 -
642 Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Mar 10 0:00 0:30 HS
643 Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Dec 22 0:00 1:00 S
644 Rule Uruguay 1976 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
645 Rule Uruguay 1977 only - Dec 4 0:00 1:00 S
646 Rule Uruguay 1978 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
647 Rule Uruguay 1979 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
648 Rule Uruguay 1980 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
649 Rule Uruguay 1987 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
650 Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
651 Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Dec 11 0:00 1:00 S
652 Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Mar 12 0:00 0 -
653 Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Oct 29 0:00 1:00 S
654 Rule Uruguay 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
655 Rule Uruguay 1990 1991 - Oct Sun>=21 0:00 1:00 S
656 # Shanks's 4th edition (1995) says no DST was observed in 1990/1 and 1991/2,
657 # and that 1992/3's DST was from 10-25 to 03-01. Go with IATA.
658 Rule Uruguay 1992 only - Oct 18 0:00 1:00 S
659 Rule Uruguay 1993 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 -
660 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
661 Zone America/Montevideo -3:44:44 - LMT 1898 Jun 28
662 -3:44:44 - MMT 1920 May 1 # Montevideo MT
663 -3:30 Uruguay UY%sT 1942 Dec 14 # Uruguay Time
667 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
668 Zone America/Caracas -4:27:44 - LMT 1890
669 -4:27:44 - CMT 1912 Feb 12 # Caracas Mean Time
670 -4:30 - VET 1965 # Venezuela Time