1 # @(#)northamerica 7.56
2 # also includes Central America and the Caribbean
4 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
5 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
6 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
8 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-03-22):
9 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
10 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
12 ###############################################################################
16 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
17 # Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
18 # Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
19 # Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
20 # His pamphlet ``A System of National Time for Railroads'' (1870)
21 # was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
22 # in New York City (1869-10). His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
23 # but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
24 # His proposal was adopted by the railroads on 1883-11-18 at 12:00,
25 # and the most of the country soon followed suit.
27 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-12-19):
28 # A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
29 # Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
30 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
31 # Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
32 # It is the source for the US and Puerto Rico entries below.
34 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
35 # Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
36 # in his whimsical essay ``An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
37 # of Light'' published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
38 # Not everyone is happy with the results:
40 # I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
41 # agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
42 # daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
43 # I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
44 # valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen. As an admirer
45 # of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
46 # reduce my time for enjoying it. At the back of the Daylight Saving
47 # scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
48 # to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
49 # them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
51 # -- Robertson Davies, The Diary of Samuel Marchbanks (1947), XIX, Sunday
53 # For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see
54 # Robert Garland's <a href="http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html">
55 # Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint
56 # (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927)</a>.
58 # Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.
59 # However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which
60 # was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently
61 # time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".
63 # From Arthur David Olson:
64 # US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
65 # See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26
66 # and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post.
68 # From Arthur David Olson:
69 # Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
70 # Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
72 # From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
73 # Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
74 # In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
75 # An AltaVista search turned up
76 # <a href="http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html">:
77 # "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
78 # Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.' Peace is wonderful."
79 # </a> (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
81 # From Joseph Gallant <notquite@hotmail.com>, citing
82 # George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
83 # At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
84 # to switch to London for Atlee's address, but the American people
85 # never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
86 # CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
87 # but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
88 # of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
89 # London which were to precede Mr. Atlee's speech.
91 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
92 Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
93 Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
94 Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
95 Rule US 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
96 Rule US 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
97 Rule US 1967 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
98 Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
99 Rule US 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D
100 Rule US 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D
101 Rule US 1976 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
102 Rule US 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
103 # <a href="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d106:h.r.00177:">
105 # </a> (introduced 1999-01-06) would change April to March in the above rule.
107 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
108 # ...Alaska (and Hawaii) had the timezone names changed in 1967.
110 # Pacific Standard Time(PST) -same-
111 # Yukon Standard Time(YST) -same-
112 # Central Alaska S.T. (CAT) Alaska-Hawaii St[an]dard Time (AHST)
113 # Nome Standard Time (NT) Bering Standard Time (BST)
115 # ...Alaska's timezone lines were redrawn in 1983 to give only 2 tz.
116 # The YST zone now covers nearly all of the state, AHST just part
117 # of the Aleutian islands. No DST.
119 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
120 # The tables below use `NST', not `NT', for Nome Standard Time.
121 # I invented `CAWT' for Central Alaska War Time.
123 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
124 # USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
125 # USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
126 # USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON
127 # USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
128 # USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER
129 # USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
130 # USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
131 # USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
132 # USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST)
133 # USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
134 # USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
135 # USA - " - 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
136 # USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC
137 # USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY
139 # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
140 # The above dates are for 1988.
141 # Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
142 # no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
145 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
146 # Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
147 # Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward. First, names
148 # up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
149 # took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
151 # United States standard eastern time
152 # United States standard mountain time
153 # United States standard central time
154 # United States standard Pacific time
156 # United States standard Alaska time
158 # Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
159 # public law 98-181):
160 # Atlantic standard time
161 # eastern standard time
162 # central standard time
163 # mountain standard time
164 # Pacific standard time
165 # Yukon standard time
166 # Alaska-Hawaii standard time
167 # Bering standard time
168 # And after 1983-11-30:
169 # Atlantic standard time
170 # eastern standard time
171 # central standard time
172 # mountain standard time
173 # Pacific standard time
174 # Alaska standard time
175 # Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
176 # Samoa standard time
177 # The law doesn't give abbreviations.
179 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
180 # Shanks uses 1983-10-30, not 1983-11-30, for the 1983 transitions.
183 # From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow:
184 # Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced the abbreviation
185 # "Chamorro Standard Time" for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas.
186 # See the file "australasia".
188 # From Ryan Alessi of the Thousand Oaks Star (2001-02-15) via Rives McDow:
189 # Brad Sherman, D-Sherman Oaks, introduced a bill in Congress on
190 # Wednesday that could have California operating on Denver time as
191 # early as this summer.... The options include keeping
192 # daylight-saving time all year long, or setting clocks back two hours
193 # -- instead of just one -- during the existing daylight-saving time.
196 # US Eastern time, represented by New York
198 # Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
199 # Georgia, far southeastern Indiana, eastern Kentucky, Maine,
200 # Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North
201 # Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern
202 # Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
204 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
205 Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
206 Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
207 Rule NYC 1921 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
208 Rule NYC 1921 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
209 Rule NYC 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
210 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
211 Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
218 # US Central time, represented by Chicago
220 # Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle, Illinois, western Indiana
221 # corners, Iowa, most of Kansas, western Kentucky, Louisiana,
222 # Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern Nebraska, eastern North
223 # Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota, western Tennessee, most of
226 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
227 Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D
228 Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
229 Rule Chicago 1921 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
230 Rule Chicago 1922 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
231 Rule Chicago 1922 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
232 Rule Chicago 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
233 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
234 Zone America/Chicago -5:50:36 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
236 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1936 Mar 1 2:00
237 -5:00 - EST 1936 Nov 15 2:00
238 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1942
240 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1967
243 # US Mountain time, represented by Denver
245 # Colorado, southern Idaho, far western Kansas, Montana, western
246 # Nebraska, New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota, far eastern Oregon,
247 # western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,
248 # and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming
250 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
251 Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
252 Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
253 Rule Denver 1921 only - May 22 2:00 0 S
254 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
255 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
256 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
257 Zone America/Denver -6:59:56 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
259 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1942
261 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1967
264 # US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
266 # California, northern Idaho, Nevada, most of Oregon, and Washington
268 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
269 Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00 1:00 D
270 Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S
271 Rule CA 1950 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
272 Rule CA 1950 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
273 Rule CA 1962 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
274 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
275 Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
281 # AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -9:00 per USNO.
283 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
284 # Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
285 # and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
286 # This was on 1867-10-18. We omit this transition, since we can't represent
287 # changes from Julian to Gregorian.
289 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
290 Zone America/Juneau -8:57:41 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
294 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
296 Zone America/Yakutat -9:18:55 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
300 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
302 Zone America/Anchorage -9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
304 -10:00 US CAT/CAWT 1946
305 -10:00 - CAT 1967 Apr
307 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
309 Zone America/Nome -11:01:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
312 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
314 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
316 Zone America/Adak -11:46:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
319 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
321 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
323 # Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
324 # switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
325 # and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
326 # These switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
330 # From Arthur David Olson:
331 # And then there's Hawaii.
332 # DST was observed for one day in 1933;
333 # standard time was changed by half an hour in 1947;
334 # it's always standard as of 1986.
337 # Shanks says the 1933 experiment lasted for three weeks. Go with Shanks.
339 Zone Pacific/Honolulu -10:31:26 - LMT 1900 Jan 1 12:00
340 -10:30 - HST 1933 Apr 30 2:00
341 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1933 May 21 2:00
342 -10:30 US H%sT 1947 Jun 8 2:00
345 # Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
347 # Arizona mostly uses MST.
348 Zone America/Phoenix -7:28:18 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
349 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Jan 1 00:01
350 -7:00 - MST 1944 Mar 17 00:01
351 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Oct 1 00:01
355 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
356 # A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
357 # notes in private correspondence dated 12/28/87 that "Presently, only the
358 # Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
359 # large size and location in three states." (The "only" means that other
360 # tribal nations don't use DST.)
362 Link America/Denver America/Shiprock
364 # Southern Idaho and eastern Oregon switched four weeks late in 1974.
365 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
366 Zone America/Boise -7:44:49 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
367 -8:00 US P%sT 1923 May 13 2:00
369 -7:00 - MST 1974 Feb 3 2:00
374 # For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
375 # <a href="http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html">
376 # What time is it in Indiana?
379 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
380 # Indiana generally observes either EST all year, or CST/CDT,
381 # but areas near Cincinnati and Louisville use those cities' timekeeping
382 # and in 1969 and 1970 the whole state observed daylight time;
383 # and there are other exceptions as noted below.
384 # Shanks partitions Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
385 # and writes ``Even newspaper reports present contradictory information.''
386 # Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
388 # Since 1970, EST-only Indiana has been like America/Indianapolis,
389 # with exceptions noted below for Crawford, Starke, and Switzerland counties.
390 # The parts of Indiana not listed below have been like America/Chicago,
391 # America/Louisville, or America/New_York.
393 # Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
394 # that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the `America' level.
395 # So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory `America/Indiana'.
397 # Most of EST-only Indiana last observed DST in 1970.
399 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06), following a tip by Markus Kuhn:
400 # Pam Belluck reported in the New York Times (2001-01-31) that the
401 # Indiana Legislature is considering a bill to adopt DST statewide.
402 # Her article mentioned Vevay, whose post office observes a different
403 # time zone than Danner's Hardware across the street.
405 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
406 Rule Indianapolis 1941 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D
407 Rule Indianapolis 1941 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
408 Rule Indianapolis 1946 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
409 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
410 Zone America/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
412 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1942
414 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1955 Apr 24 2:00
415 -5:00 - EST 1957 Sep 29 2:00
416 -6:00 - CST 1958 Apr 27 2:00
420 Link America/Indianapolis America/Indiana/Indianapolis
422 # Part of Crawford County, Indiana, last observed DST in 1975,
423 # and left its clocks alone in 1974.
424 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
425 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
426 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
427 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
428 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
429 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
430 Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
432 -6:00 Marengo C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
434 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
435 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
439 # Starke County, Indiana
440 # From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
441 # An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
442 # notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
444 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
445 Rule Starke 1947 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
446 Rule Starke 1947 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
447 Rule Starke 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
448 Rule Starke 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
449 Rule Starke 1959 1961 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
450 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
451 Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
453 -6:00 Starke C%sT 1962 Apr 29 2:00
454 -5:00 - EST 1963 Oct 27 2:00
455 -6:00 US C%sT 1991 Oct 27 2:00
458 # Switzerland County, Indiana, last observed DST in 1972.
459 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
460 Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
461 -6:00 US C%sT 1954 Apr 25 2:00
466 # Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
467 # This also includes a part of Indiana immediately adjacent to Louisville.
468 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
469 Rule Louisville 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
470 Rule Louisville 1921 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 S
471 Rule Louisville 1941 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
472 Rule Louisville 1941 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
473 Rule Louisville 1946 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 S
474 Rule Louisville 1950 1955 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
475 Rule Louisville 1956 1960 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
476 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
477 Zone America/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
479 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1942
481 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1961 Jul 23 2:00
483 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
484 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
486 Link America/Louisville America/Kentucky/Louisville
488 # Wayne, Clinton, and Russell Counties, Kentucky
491 # <a href="http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml">
492 # Lake Cumberland LIFE
493 # </a> (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
494 # Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
495 # the Central to the Eastern time zone.... The Wayne County government made
496 # the same request in December. And while Russell County officials have not
497 # taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
498 # August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
499 # The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
500 # location in the Central time zone.
502 # From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
503 # After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
504 # Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
505 # (-0500) time. They won't "fall back" this year. See Sara Shipley,
506 # The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).
507 Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00
510 -6:00 US C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
514 # From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
515 # Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
516 # Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
517 # previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
518 # Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
519 # Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
520 # West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
521 # Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
522 # There is another change in the offing; Mercer County, ND is looking
523 # to change from MT to CT. It is possible that two other ND counties
524 # (Sioux and Morton) will look to change also. If made, the earliest
525 # a change would be effective is October 2001.
527 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
528 # FIXME: I haven't yet had time to incorporate all the above changes.
532 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
533 # Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
535 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
536 # Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
537 # but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
540 # local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
541 # be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time. Half the
542 # city obeyed, half refused. After considerable debate, the decision
543 # was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time. A derisive offer to
544 # erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
545 # Committee on Sewers. Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
548 # This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
550 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
551 # Garland (1927) writes ``Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
552 # one hour in 1914.'' This change is not in Shanks. We have no more
553 # info, so omit this for now.
555 # Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
556 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
557 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
558 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
559 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Jun 14 2:00 1:00 D
560 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
561 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
562 Zone America/Detroit -5:32:11 - LMT 1905
563 -6:00 - CST 1915 May 15 2:00
566 -5:00 Detroit E%sT 1973
568 -5:00 - EST 1975 Apr 27 2:00
571 # The Michigan border with Wisconsin switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
572 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
573 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
574 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
575 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
576 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
577 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
578 Zone America/Menominee -5:50:27 - LMT 1885 Sep 18 12:00
580 -6:00 Menominee C%sT 1969 Apr 27 2:00
581 -5:00 - EST 1973 Apr 29 2:00
585 # claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
586 # also claimed by Haiti
587 # occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
588 # US lighthouse 1917/1997-01
589 # currently uninhabited
590 # see Mark Fineman, ``An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord'',
591 # _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
592 # Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
594 # Old names, for S5 users
596 # Link LINK-FROM LINK-TO
597 Link America/New_York EST5EDT
598 Link America/Chicago CST6CDT
599 Link America/Denver MST7MDT
600 Link America/Los_Angeles PST8PDT
601 Link America/Indianapolis EST
602 Link America/Phoenix MST
603 Link Pacific/Honolulu HST
605 ################################################################################
608 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-10-29):
609 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the US is
610 # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
611 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
613 # Gwillim Law <Gwil_Law@bridge-point.com> writes that a good source
614 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
615 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
616 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
617 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
619 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
620 # and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
622 # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
623 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
624 # I found in the UCLA library.
626 # See the `europe' file for Greenland.
630 # From Alain LaBont<e'> <ALB@immedia.ca> (1994-11-14):
631 # I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
632 # for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
634 # UTC Standard time Daylight savings time
635 # offset French English French English
646 # HN: Heure Normale ST: Standard Time
647 # HA: Heure Avanc<e'>e DT: Daylight saving Time
649 # A: de l'Atlantique Atlantic
650 # C: du Centre Central
651 # E: de l'Est Eastern
654 # P: du Pacifique Pacific
659 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1994-11-22):
660 # Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
662 # Unless otherwise specified, the data for Canada are all from Shanks.
664 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
665 # H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
666 # <a href="http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/SO98/geomap.htm">
667 # "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
668 # </a> contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
669 # time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
671 # INMS, the Institute for National Measurement Standards in Ottawa, has
672 # <a href="http://www.nrc.ca/inms/time/tze.html">
673 # information about standard and daylight saving time zones in Canada.
674 # </a> (updated periodically).
675 # Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
677 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
678 Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
679 Rule Canada 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
680 Rule Canada 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W
681 Rule Canada 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
682 Rule Canada 1974 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
683 Rule Canada 1974 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
684 Rule Canada 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
687 # Newfoundland (and far southeast Labrador)
689 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
690 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Labrador should use NST/NDT,
691 # but the only part of Labrador that follows the rules is the
692 # southeast corner, including Port Hope Simpson and Mary's Harbour,
693 # but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
695 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
696 Rule StJohns 1917 1918 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
697 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S
698 Rule StJohns 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
699 # Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks.
700 Rule StJohns 1919 only - May 5 23:00 1:00 D
701 Rule StJohns 1919 only - Aug 12 23:00 0 S
702 # For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks.
703 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - May Sun>=1 23:00 1:00 D
704 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - Oct lastSun 23:00 0 S
705 # For 1936-1941 Shanks gives May Mon>=9 and Oct Mon>=2; go with Whitman.
706 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
707 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
708 # Shanks gives 1942 May 11 - 1945 Sep 30; go with Whitman.
709 Rule StJohns 1942 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 W
710 Rule StJohns 1942 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 S
711 Rule StJohns 1943 only - May 30 0:00 1:00 W
712 Rule StJohns 1943 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
713 Rule StJohns 1944 only - Jul 10 0:00 1:00 W
714 Rule StJohns 1944 only - Sep 2 0:00 0 S
715 Rule StJohns 1945 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 W
716 Rule StJohns 1945 only - Oct 7 2:00 0 S
717 # For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
718 # Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks.
719 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
720 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S
721 Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
722 Rule StJohns 1951 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
723 Rule StJohns 1960 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
724 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
725 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
726 # at 00:01 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
727 Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
728 Rule StJohns 1987 max - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
729 Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 2:00 DD
730 Rule StJohns 1989 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
731 # St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
732 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
733 Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884
734 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1935 Mar 30
738 # most of east Labrador
740 # The name `Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use `Goose Bay'.
741 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
742 Zone America/Goose_Bay -4:01:40 - LMT 1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
743 -3:30:52 StJohns NST 1919
744 -3:30:52 - NST 1935 Mar 30
746 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1966 Mar 15 2:00
750 # west Labrador, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
752 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
753 # Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Halifax.
754 # Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
755 # Glace Bay, NS is the largest that we know of.
756 # Shanks also writes that Liverpool, NS was the only town in Canada to observe
757 # DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume this is a typo.
759 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
760 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, New Brunswick switches
761 # at 00:01 local time. FIXME: verify and create a new Zone for this.
764 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
765 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
766 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
767 Rule Halifax 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
768 Rule Halifax 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
769 Rule Halifax 1920 only - May 9 0:00 1:00 D
770 Rule Halifax 1920 only - Aug 29 0:00 0 S
771 Rule Halifax 1921 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D
772 Rule Halifax 1921 1922 - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
773 Rule Halifax 1922 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
774 Rule Halifax 1923 1925 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
775 Rule Halifax 1923 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S
776 Rule Halifax 1924 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
777 Rule Halifax 1925 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S
778 Rule Halifax 1926 only - May 16 0:00 1:00 D
779 Rule Halifax 1926 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
780 Rule Halifax 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
781 Rule Halifax 1927 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
782 Rule Halifax 1928 1931 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
783 Rule Halifax 1928 only - Sep 9 0:00 0 S
784 Rule Halifax 1929 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
785 Rule Halifax 1930 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
786 Rule Halifax 1931 1932 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
787 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
788 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
789 Rule Halifax 1934 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D
790 Rule Halifax 1934 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
791 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Jun 2 0:00 1:00 D
792 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
793 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
794 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
795 Rule Halifax 1937 1938 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
796 Rule Halifax 1937 1941 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
797 Rule Halifax 1939 only - May 28 0:00 1:00 D
798 Rule Halifax 1940 1941 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
799 Rule Halifax 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W
800 Rule Halifax 1945 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
801 Rule Halifax 1946 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
802 Rule Halifax 1962 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
803 Rule Halifax 1962 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
804 Rule Halifax 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
805 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
806 Zone America/Halifax -4:14:24 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
808 Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
809 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1953
810 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1954
817 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
818 # Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Montreal.
819 # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
820 # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
821 # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
822 # Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.
824 # From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
825 # msb@sq.com writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
826 # says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
827 # but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
828 # He also writes that the
829 # <a href="http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html">
830 # Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
832 # says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
833 # Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
834 # concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
835 # For what it's worth, Shanks says that Atikokan has agreed with
836 # Rainy River ever since standard time was introduced.
838 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
839 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
840 # New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
841 # CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
842 # violation of the official Ontario rules.
843 # They also write that Quebec east of the -63 meridian is supposed to
844 # observe AST, but residents as far east as Natashquan use EST/EDT,
845 # and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
846 # We probably need Zones for far east Quebec and for Atikokan,
847 # but we don't know when their practices started.
849 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
850 Rule Mont 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 1:00 D
851 Rule Mont 1917 only - Apr 24 0:00 0 S
852 Rule Mont 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
853 Rule Mont 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
854 Rule Mont 1919 only - Mar 31 2:30 1:00 D
855 Rule Mont 1919 only - Oct 25 2:30 0 S
856 Rule Mont 1920 only - May 2 2:30 1:00 D
857 Rule Mont 1920 only - Oct 3 2:30 0 S
858 Rule Mont 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
859 Rule Mont 1921 only - Oct 2 2:30 0 S
860 Rule Mont 1922 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
861 Rule Mont 1922 only - Oct 1 2:30 0 S
862 Rule Mont 1924 only - May 17 2:00 1:00 D
863 Rule Mont 1924 1926 - Sep lastSun 2:30 0 S
864 Rule Mont 1925 1926 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
865 Rule Mont 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
866 Rule Mont 1927 1932 - Sep Sun>=25 0:00 0 S
867 Rule Mont 1928 1931 - Apr Sun>=25 0:00 1:00 D
868 Rule Mont 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
869 Rule Mont 1933 1940 - Apr Sun>=24 0:00 1:00 D
870 Rule Mont 1933 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
871 Rule Mont 1934 1939 - Sep Sun>=24 0:00 0 S
872 Rule Mont 1945 1948 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
873 Rule Mont 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
874 Rule Mont 1949 1950 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
875 Rule Mont 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
876 Rule Mont 1957 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
877 Rule Mont 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
878 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
879 Zone America/Montreal -4:54:16 - LMT 1884
881 Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 - LMT 1895
882 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1970
886 Zone America/Nipigon -5:53:04 - LMT 1895
888 Zone America/Rainy_River -6:17:56 - LMT 1895
894 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
895 Rule Winn 1916 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D
896 Rule Winn 1916 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 S
897 Rule Winn 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
898 Rule Winn 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
899 Rule Winn 1937 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 D
900 Rule Winn 1937 only - Sep 26 2:00 0 S
901 Rule Winn 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W
902 Rule Winn 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
903 Rule Winn 1946 only - May 12 2:00 1:00 D
904 Rule Winn 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
905 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
906 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
907 Rule Winn 1950 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
908 Rule Winn 1950 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
909 Rule Winn 1951 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
910 Rule Winn 1951 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
911 Rule Winn 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
912 Rule Winn 1960 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
913 Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
914 Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S
915 Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
916 Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
917 Rule Winn 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
918 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
919 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Manitoba switches from
920 # DST at 03:00 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
921 Rule Winn 1987 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 S
922 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
923 Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16
929 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
930 # Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Regina.
931 # Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
932 # Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
933 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
934 # are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
936 # From W. Jones <jones@skdad.usask.ca> (1992-11-06):
937 # The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
938 # provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
939 # A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
940 # since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
942 # Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
943 # the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
944 # their affiliations in one direction or the other. In 1965 a provincial
945 # referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
947 # On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
948 # Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
949 # part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
950 # northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
951 # follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
952 # zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
953 # by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
955 # It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
956 # on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
957 # serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
958 # a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
959 # rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
960 # since sometime in the 1960s.
962 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
963 Rule Regina 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
964 Rule Regina 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
965 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
966 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
967 Rule Regina 1937 1941 - Apr Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
968 Rule Regina 1937 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
969 Rule Regina 1938 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
970 Rule Regina 1939 1941 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
971 Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W
972 Rule Regina 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
973 Rule Regina 1946 only - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
974 Rule Regina 1946 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0 S
975 Rule Regina 1947 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
976 Rule Regina 1947 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
977 Rule Regina 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
979 Rule Swift 1957 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
980 Rule Swift 1957 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
981 Rule Swift 1959 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
982 Rule Swift 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
983 Rule Swift 1960 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
984 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
985 Zone America/Regina -6:58:36 - LMT 1905 Sep
986 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1960 Apr lastSun 2:00
988 Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 - LMT 1905 Sep
989 -7:00 Canada M%sT 1946 Apr lastSun 2:00
990 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1950
991 -7:00 Swift M%sT 1972 Apr lastSun 2:00
997 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
998 Rule Edm 1918 1919 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
999 Rule Edm 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1000 Rule Edm 1919 only - May 27 2:00 0 S
1001 Rule Edm 1920 1923 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1002 Rule Edm 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1003 Rule Edm 1921 1923 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1004 Rule Edm 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W
1005 Rule Edm 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1006 Rule Edm 1947 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1007 Rule Edm 1947 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1008 Rule Edm 1967 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1009 Rule Edm 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1010 Rule Edm 1969 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1011 Rule Edm 1969 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1012 Rule Edm 1972 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1013 Rule Edm 1972 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1014 Rule Edm 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1015 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1016 Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep
1022 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1023 # Shanks writes that since 1970 most of this region has been like Vancouver.
1024 # Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
1025 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
1027 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1028 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1029 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1030 Rule Vanc 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W
1031 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1032 Rule Vanc 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1033 Rule Vanc 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1034 Rule Vanc 1947 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1035 Rule Vanc 1962 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1036 Rule Vanc 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1037 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1038 Zone America/Vancouver -8:12:28 - LMT 1884
1040 Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT 1884
1041 -8:00 Canada P%sT 1947
1042 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1972 Aug 30 2:00
1046 # Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
1048 # From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
1049 # Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
1050 # Mathew Englander <mathew@io.org> (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
1051 # * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
1052 # c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9. This is still valid;
1053 # see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
1054 # * C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
1055 # * O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
1056 # * O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
1057 # Shanks says Yukon's 1973-10-28 switch was at 2:00; go with Englander.
1059 # From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
1060 # Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
1061 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html">
1062 # Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
1065 # From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):
1066 # We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut
1067 # to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.
1069 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
1070 # <a href="http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html">
1071 # Basic Facts: The New Territory
1072 # </a> (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on Eastern time,
1073 # and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST. We don't know when
1074 # Pangnirtung switched to Eastern time; we'll guess 1995.
1075 # We'll ignore the claim about Coral Harbour for now,
1076 # since we have no further info.
1078 # From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
1079 # On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,
1080 # Pangnirtung wobbled. Here is the result of their wobble:
1082 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:
1084 # First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,
1085 # Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist
1087 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:
1089 # Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator
1091 # This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.
1092 # No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to
1093 # change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not
1094 # really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.
1095 # They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,
1096 # so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.
1097 # The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to
1098 # their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with
1099 # the current state of affairs.
1101 # From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
1102 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html">
1103 # Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19)</a>:
1104 # Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
1105 # central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
1106 # for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then]
1107 # made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
1109 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1110 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
1111 # for these potential new Zones.
1113 # The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
1114 # handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
1115 # zone] skip daylight savings. Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
1116 # Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
1117 # Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
1118 # Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
1119 # required to use daylight savings.
1122 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html">
1123 # Nunavut now has two time zones
1124 # </a> (2000-11-10):
1125 # The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
1126 # Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
1127 # one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.
1128 # At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against
1129 # Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with
1130 # the rest of the territory for the winter. Cambridge Bay remained on
1131 # central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to
1132 # mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's
1133 # unified time zone in 1999.
1135 # From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:
1136 # The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.
1138 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
1139 # Let's just keep track of the official times for now.
1141 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1142 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1143 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1144 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 D
1145 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
1146 Rule NT_YK 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W
1147 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1148 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Apr lastSun 0:00 2:00 DD
1149 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1150 Rule NT_YK 1980 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1151 Rule NT_YK 1980 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1152 Rule NT_YK 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1153 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1154 Zone America/Pangnirtung -4:22:56 - LMT 1884
1155 -4:00 NT_YK A%sT 1995 Apr Sun>=1 2:00
1156 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1157 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1159 Zone America/Iqaluit -4:33:52 - LMT 1884 # Frobisher Bay before 1987
1160 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1161 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1163 Zone America/Rankin_Inlet -6:08:40 - LMT 1884
1164 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1166 Zone America/Cambridge_Bay -7:00:20 - LMT 1884
1167 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1168 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1169 -5:00 - EST 2000 Nov 5 0:00
1171 Zone America/Yellowknife -7:37:24 - LMT 1884
1173 Zone America/Inuvik -8:54:00 - LMT 1884
1174 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1979 Apr lastSun 2:00
1176 Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
1177 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1966 Jul 1 2:00
1179 Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
1180 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1973 Oct 28 0:00
1184 ###############################################################################
1188 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
1189 # The Investigation and Analysis Service of the
1190 # Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a
1191 # <a href="http://www.cddhcu.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/">
1192 # history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
1195 # Here are the discrepancies between Shanks and the MLoC.
1196 # (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
1197 # Shanks reports that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
1198 # Shanks says the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
1199 # Shanks reports no DST during summer 1931.
1200 # Shanks reports a transition at 1032-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
1201 # Shanks does not report transitions for Baja in 1945 or 1948.
1202 # Shanks reports southern Mexico transitions on 1981-12-01, not 12-23.
1203 # Shanks says Quintana Roo switched to -6:00 on 1982-12-02, and to -5:00
1204 # on 1997-10-26 at 02:00.
1206 # From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
1207 # There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
1208 # tz database. I think they can best be explained by supposing that
1209 # the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
1210 # the relevant documents.
1212 # From Paul Eggert (2000-07-26):
1213 # Shanks gives 1942-04-01 instead of 1942-04-24, and omits the 1981
1214 # and 1988 DST experiments. Go with spin.com.mx.
1216 # From Alan Perry <alan.perry@eng.sun.com> (1996-02-15):
1217 # A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
1218 # outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
1220 # ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------
1222 # I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the
1223 # rules for the DST changes. The rules are:
1225 # 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:
1226 # - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)
1227 # - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)
1228 # - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)
1230 # 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October
1231 # at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:
1236 # 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:
1241 # The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.
1243 # -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------
1244 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
1245 # For an English translation of the decree, see
1246 # <a href="http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html">
1247 # ``Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover'' (1996-01-04).
1250 # From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
1251 # The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times
1252 # (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).
1254 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
1255 # Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time
1256 # zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight
1257 # savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of
1258 # Arizona year round.
1260 # From Jesper Norgaard, translating
1261 # <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):
1262 # In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National
1263 # Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each
1264 # year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the
1267 # From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):
1268 # <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says
1270 # January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced
1271 # that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting
1273 # <http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001>
1274 # [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday
1275 # in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.
1277 # From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):
1278 # The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one
1279 # story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...
1280 # http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html
1281 # ... Mexico City Mayor Lopez Obrador "...is threatening to keep
1282 # Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than
1283 # the rest of the country..." In particular, Lopez Obrador would abolish
1284 # observation of Daylight Saving Time.
1286 # <a href="http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre">
1287 # Official statute published by the Energy Department
1288 # </a> (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,
1289 # and Sonora with no DST. This was reported by Jesper Norgaard (2001-02-03).
1291 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
1293 # <a href="http://www.latimes.com/news/nation/20010303/t000018766.html">
1294 # James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times
1296 # * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.
1297 # * Border states including Baja California, Chihuahua, and Nuevo Leon
1298 # will use US rules,
1299 # * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador decreed that
1300 # the Federal District will not adopt DST.
1301 # * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.
1302 # * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including
1303 # the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.
1305 # For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules
1306 # and that border states and Durango will stick with US rules.
1308 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1309 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Feb 5 0:00 1:00 D
1310 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Jun 25 0:00 0 S
1311 Rule Mexico 1940 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 D
1312 Rule Mexico 1941 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 S
1313 Rule Mexico 1943 only - Dec 16 0:00 1:00 W
1314 Rule Mexico 1944 only - May 1 0:00 0 S
1315 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Feb 12 0:00 1:00 D
1316 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Jul 30 0:00 0 S
1317 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1318 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1319 Rule Mexico 2001 max - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1320 Rule Mexico 2001 max - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1321 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1323 Zone America/Cancun -5:47:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:12:56
1324 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
1325 -5:00 Mexico E%sT 1998 Aug 2 2:00
1328 Zone America/Merida -5:58:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:01:32
1329 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
1330 -5:00 - EST 1982 Dec 2
1332 # Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas
1333 Zone America/Monterrey -6:41:16 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:18:44
1336 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2001
1339 Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:23:24
1340 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1341 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1342 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1343 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1344 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1347 Zone America/Chihuahua -7:04:20 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:55:40
1348 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1349 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1350 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1351 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1352 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1354 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
1355 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
1356 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 2001
1359 Zone America/Hermosillo -7:23:52 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:36:08
1360 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1361 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1362 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1363 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1364 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1365 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
1366 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
1368 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 1999
1370 # Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa
1371 Zone America/Mazatlan -7:05:40 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:54:20
1372 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1373 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1374 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1375 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1376 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1377 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
1378 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
1382 Zone America/Tijuana -7:48:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:11:56
1384 -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1385 -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 15
1386 -8:00 - PST 1931 Apr 1
1387 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1931 Sep 30
1388 -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 24
1389 -8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Nov 12
1390 -8:00 - PST 1948 Apr 5
1391 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1949 Jan 14
1396 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2001
1398 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
1399 # Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
1400 # America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
1401 # through 1995. This was as per Shanks. However, Guy Harris reports
1402 # that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicale, San Felipe and
1403 # Tijuana observe DST," which contradicts Shanks but does imply that
1404 # DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then. This concerns
1405 # data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
1406 # other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
1407 # name or contents should be.
1412 ###############################################################################
1415 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1416 Zone America/Anguilla -4:12:16 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
1419 # Antigua and Barbuda
1420 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1421 Zone America/Antigua -4:07:12 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
1426 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1427 Rule Bahamas 1964 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1428 Rule Bahamas 1964 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1429 Rule Bahamas 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1430 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1431 Zone America/Nassau -5:09:24 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
1435 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1436 Rule Barb 1977 only - Jun 12 2:00 1:00 D
1437 Rule Barb 1977 1978 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
1438 Rule Barb 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
1439 Rule Barb 1979 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1440 Rule Barb 1980 only - Sep 25 2:00 0 S
1441 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1442 Zone America/Barbados -3:58:28 - LMT 1924 # Bridgetown
1443 -3:58:28 - BMT 1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time
1447 # Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks.
1448 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1449 Rule Belize 1918 1942 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0:30 HD
1450 Rule Belize 1919 1943 - Feb Sun>=9 0:00 0 S
1451 Rule Belize 1973 only - Dec 5 0:00 1:00 D
1452 Rule Belize 1974 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 S
1453 Rule Belize 1982 only - Dec 18 0:00 1:00 D
1454 Rule Belize 1983 only - Feb 12 0:00 0 S
1455 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1456 Zone America/Belize -5:52:48 - LMT 1912 Apr
1460 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1461 Zone Atlantic/Bermuda -4:19:04 - LMT 1930 Jan 1 2:00 # Hamilton
1462 -4:00 - AST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
1466 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1467 Zone America/Cayman -5:25:32 - LMT 1890 # Georgetown
1468 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
1472 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1473 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Feb lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1474 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1475 Rule CR 1991 1992 - Jan Sat>=15 0:00 1:00 D
1476 # IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00; go with Shanks.
1477 Rule CR 1991 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 S
1478 Rule CR 1992 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 S
1479 # There are too many San Joses elsewhere, so we'll use `Costa Rica'.
1480 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1481 Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:20 - LMT 1890 # San Jose
1482 -5:36:20 - SJMT 1921 Jan 15 # San Jose Mean Time
1485 # no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
1489 # From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
1490 # The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
1491 # the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
1492 # the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.
1493 # During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that
1494 # "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving
1495 # Time today." (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of
1496 # sleep on 1999-03-28--when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched
1497 # to DST--and one more hour on 1999-04-04--when the announcers will have
1498 # returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)
1500 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1501 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Jun 10 0:00 1:00 D
1502 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Oct 10 0:00 0 S
1503 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1504 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1505 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1506 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1507 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
1508 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
1509 Rule Cuba 1966 only - May 29 0:00 1:00 D
1510 Rule Cuba 1966 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
1511 Rule Cuba 1967 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 D
1512 Rule Cuba 1967 1968 - Sep Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1513 Rule Cuba 1968 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
1514 Rule Cuba 1969 1977 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1515 Rule Cuba 1969 1971 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
1516 Rule Cuba 1972 1974 - Oct 8 0:00 0 S
1517 Rule Cuba 1975 1977 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
1518 Rule Cuba 1978 only - May 7 0:00 1:00 D
1519 Rule Cuba 1978 1990 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1520 Rule Cuba 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 D
1521 Rule Cuba 1981 1985 - May Sun>=5 0:00 1:00 D
1522 Rule Cuba 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=14 0:00 1:00 D
1523 Rule Cuba 1990 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1524 Rule Cuba 1991 1995 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00s 0 S
1525 Rule Cuba 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00s 0 S
1526 Rule Cuba 1997 only - Oct 12 0:00s 0 S
1527 Rule Cuba 1998 1999 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
1528 Rule Cuba 1998 max - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
1529 Rule Cuba 2000 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 D
1531 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1532 Zone America/Havana -5:29:28 - LMT 1890
1533 -5:29:36 - HMT 1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
1537 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1538 Zone America/Dominica -4:05:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Roseau
1541 # Dominican Republic
1543 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):
1544 # Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the
1545 # time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....
1546 # http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html
1548 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
1549 # That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.
1551 # From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
1552 # Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,
1553 # November 28, 2000, with a new decree. On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the
1554 # Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date
1555 # Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future. The reason they
1556 # decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going
1557 # to implement DST. When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president
1558 # decided to revert.
1561 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1562 Rule DR 1966 only - Oct 30 0:00 1:00 D
1563 Rule DR 1967 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 S
1564 Rule DR 1969 1973 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HD
1565 Rule DR 1970 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 S
1566 Rule DR 1971 only - Jan 20 0:00 0 S
1567 Rule DR 1972 1974 - Jan 21 0:00 0 S
1568 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1569 Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 - LMT 1890
1570 -4:40 - SDMT 1933 Apr 1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
1571 -5:00 DR E%sT 1974 Oct 27
1572 -4:00 - AST 2000 Oct 29 02:00
1573 -5:00 US E%sT 2000 Dec 3 01:00
1577 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1578 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1579 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1580 # There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so we'll use `El Salvador'.
1581 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1582 Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 - LMT 1921 # San Salvador
1586 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1587 Zone America/Grenada -4:07:00 - LMT 1911 Jul # St George's
1591 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1592 Zone America/Guadeloupe -4:06:08 - LMT 1911 Jun 8 # Pointe a Pitre
1596 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1597 Rule Guat 1973 only - Nov 25 0:00 1:00 D
1598 Rule Guat 1974 only - Feb 24 0:00 0 S
1599 Rule Guat 1983 only - May 21 0:00 1:00 D
1600 Rule Guat 1983 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
1601 Rule Guat 1991 only - Mar 23 0:00 1:00 D
1602 Rule Guat 1991 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
1603 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1604 Zone America/Guatemala -6:02:04 - LMT 1918 Oct 5
1608 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1609 Rule Haiti 1983 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 D
1610 Rule Haiti 1984 1987 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1611 Rule Haiti 1983 1987 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
1612 # Shanks says AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s. Go with IATA.
1613 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 D
1614 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 S
1615 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1616 Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 - LMT 1890
1617 -4:49 - PPMT 1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
1621 # Shanks says 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
1622 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1623 Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 - LMT 1921 Apr
1626 # Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
1630 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
1633 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
1634 # JAMAICA 5 H BEHIND UTC
1637 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1638 Zone America/Jamaica -5:07:12 - LMT 1890 # Kingston
1639 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
1640 -5:00 - EST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
1645 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1646 Zone America/Martinique -4:04:20 - LMT 1890 # Fort-de-France
1647 -4:04 - FFMT 1911 May # Fort-de-France MT
1648 -4:00 - AST 1980 Apr 6
1649 -4:00 1:00 ADT 1980 Sep 28
1653 # From Paul Eggert (1997-08-31):
1654 # Recent volcanic eruptions have forced evacuation of Plymouth, the capital.
1655 # Luckily, Olveston, the current de facto capital, has the same longitude.
1656 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1657 Zone America/Montserrat -4:08:52 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Olveston
1662 # From Steffen Thorsen (1998-12-29):
1663 # Nicaragua seems to be back at -6:00 but I have not been able to find when
1664 # they changed from -5:00.
1666 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1667 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 D
1668 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Jun Mon>=23 0:00 0 S
1669 Rule Nic 1992 only - Jan 1 4:00 1:00 D
1670 Rule Nic 1992 only - Sep 24 0:00 0 S
1671 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1672 Zone America/Managua -5:45:08 - LMT 1890
1673 -5:45 - MMT 1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time
1674 -6:00 - CST 1973 May
1675 -5:00 - EST 1975 Feb 16
1676 -6:00 Nic C%sT 1993 Jan 1 4:00
1677 -5:00 - EST 1998 Dec
1681 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1682 Zone America/Panama -5:18:08 - LMT 1890
1683 -5:20 - PMT 1908 Apr 22 # Panama Mean Time
1687 # There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use `Puerto_Rico'.
1688 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1689 Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 - LMT 1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan
1690 -4:00 - AST 1942 May 3
1691 -4:00 1:00 AWT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
1695 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1696 Zone America/St_Kitts -4:10:52 - LMT 1912 Mar 2 # Basseterre
1700 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1701 Zone America/St_Lucia -4:04:00 - LMT 1890 # Castries
1702 -4:04 - CMT 1912 # Castries Mean Time
1705 # St Pierre and Miquelon
1706 # There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use `Miquelon'.
1707 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1708 Zone America/Miquelon -3:44:40 - LMT 1911 May 15 # St Pierre
1709 -4:00 - AST 1980 May
1710 -3:00 Mont PM%sT # Pierre & Miquelon Time
1712 # St Vincent and the Grenadines
1713 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1714 Zone America/St_Vincent -4:04:56 - LMT 1890 # Kingstown
1715 -4:04:56 - KMT 1912 # Kingstown Mean Time
1719 # From Paul Eggert (1998-08-06):
1720 # Shanks says they use US DST rules, but IATA SSIM (1991/1998)
1721 # says they switch at midnight. Go with IATA SSIM.
1722 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1723 Rule TC 1979 1986 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1724 Rule TC 1979 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
1725 Rule TC 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1726 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1727 Zone America/Grand_Turk -4:44:32 - LMT 1890
1728 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
1732 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1733 Zone America/Tortola -4:18:28 - LMT 1911 Jul # Road Town
1737 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1738 Zone America/St_Thomas -4:19:44 - LMT 1911 Jul # Charlotte Amalie