3 # From Paul Eggert (1999-11-15):
4 # To keep things manageable, we list only locations occupied year-round; see
5 # <a href="http://www.comnap.aq/comnap/comnap.nsf/P/Stations/">
6 # COMNAP - Stations and Bases
9 # <a href="http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/bob/periant.htm">
10 # Summary of the Peri-Antarctic Islands (1998-07-23)
13 # Unless otherwise specified, we have no time zone information.
15 # Except for the French entries,
16 # I made up all time zone abbreviations mentioned here; corrections welcome!
17 # FORMAT is `zzz' and GMTOFF is 0 for locations while uninhabited.
19 # These rules are stolen from the `europe' file.
20 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
21 Rule RussAQ 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
22 Rule RussAQ 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
23 Rule RussAQ 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
24 Rule RussAQ 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
25 Rule RussAQ 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S
26 Rule RussAQ 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 -
27 Rule RussAQ 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
28 Rule RussAQ 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
29 Rule RussAQ 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 -
31 # These rules are stolen from the `southamerica' file.
32 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
33 Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
34 Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
35 Rule ArgAQ 1967 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
36 Rule ArgAQ 1967 1968 - Oct Sun<=7 0:00 1:00 S
37 Rule ArgAQ 1968 1969 - Apr Sun<=7 0:00 0 -
38 Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S
39 Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
40 Rule ArgAQ 1974 1976 - Oct Sun<=7 0:00 1:00 S
41 Rule ArgAQ 1975 1977 - Apr Sun<=7 0:00 0 -
42 Rule ChileAQ 1969 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S
43 Rule ChileAQ 1970 1998 - Mar Sun>=9 0:00 0 -
44 Rule ChileAQ 1998 only - Sep 27 0:00 1:00 S
45 Rule ChileAQ 1999 only - Apr 4 0:00 0 -
46 Rule ChileAQ 1999 max - Oct Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S
47 Rule ChileAQ 2000 max - Mar Sun>=9 0:00 0 -
50 # Argentina - year-round bases
51 # Belgrano II, Confin Coast, -770227-0343737, since 1972-02-05
52 # Esperanza, San Martin Land, -6323-05659, since 1952-12-17
53 # Jubany, Potter Peninsula, King George Island, -6414-0602320, since 1982-01
54 # Marambio, Seymour I, -6414-05637, since 1969-10-29
55 # Orcadas, Laurie I, -6016-04444, since 1904-02-22
56 # San Martin, Debenham I, -6807-06708, since 1951-03-21
57 # (except 1960-03 / 1976-03-21)
59 # Australia - territories
60 # Heard Island, McDonald Islands (uninhabited)
61 # previously sealers and scientific personnel wintered
62 # <a href="http://www.dstc.qut.edu.au/DST/marg/daylight.html">
63 # Margaret Turner reports
64 # </a> (1999-09-30) that they're UTC+5, with no DST;
65 # presumably this is when they have visitors.
68 # Casey, Bailey Peninsula, -6617+11032, since 1969
69 # Davis, Vestfold Hills, -6835+07759, since 1957-01-13
70 # (except 1964-11 - 1969-02)
71 # Mawson, Holme Bay, -6736+06253, since 1954-02-13
72 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
73 Zone Antarctica/Casey 0 - zzz 1969
74 8:00 - WST # Western (Aus) Standard Time
75 Zone Antarctica/Davis 0 - zzz 1957 Jan 13
76 7:00 - DAVT 1964 Nov # Davis Time
79 Zone Antarctica/Mawson 0 - zzz 1954 Feb 13
80 6:00 - MAWT # Mawson Time
82 # <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/casey/casey_aws.html">
83 # Casey Weather (1998-02-26)
85 # <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/davis/video.html">
86 # Davis Station, Antarctica (1998-02-26)
88 # <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/mawson/video.html">
89 # Mawson Station, Antarctica (1998-02-25)
92 # Brazil - year-round base
93 # Ferraz, King George Island, since 1983/4
95 # Chile - year-round bases
96 # Escudero, South Shetland Is, -621157-0585735, since 1994
97 # Frei, King George Is, -6214-05848, since 1969
98 # O'Higgins, Antarctic Peninsula, -6319-05704, since 1948-02
101 # China - year-round bases
102 # Great Wall, King George Island, since 1985-02-20
103 # Zhongshan, Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, since 1989-02-26
105 # France - year-round bases
107 # From Antoine Leca <Antoine.Leca@Renault.FR> (1997-01-20):
108 # Time data are from Nicole Pailleau at the IFRTP
109 # (French Institute for Polar Research and Technology).
110 # She confirms that French Southern Territories and Terre Adelie bases
111 # don't observe daylight saving time, even if Terre Adelie supplies came
114 # French Southern Territories with year-round inhabitants
116 # Martin-de-Vivies Base, Amsterdam Island, -374105+0773155, since 1950
117 # Alfred-Faure Base, Crozet Islands, -462551+0515152, since 1964
118 # Port-aux-Francais, Kerguelen Islands, -492110+0701303, since 1951;
119 # whaling & sealing station operated 1908/1914, 1920/1929, and 1951/1956
121 # St Paul Island - near Amsterdam, uninhabited
122 # fishing stations operated variously 1819/1931
124 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
125 Zone Indian/Kerguelen 0 - zzz 1950 # Port-aux-Francais
126 5:00 - TFT # ISO code TF Time
128 # year-round base in the main continent
129 # Dumont-d'Urville, Ile des Petrels, -6640+14001, since 1956-11
131 # Another base at Port-Martin, 50km east, began operation in 1947.
132 # It was destroyed by fire on 1952-01-14.
134 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
135 Zone Antarctica/DumontDUrville 0 - zzz 1947
136 10:00 - PMT 1952 Jan 14 # Port-Martin Time
138 10:00 - DDUT # Dumont-d'Urville Time
140 # <a href="http://www.icair.iac.org.nz/science/reports/fr/IFRTP.html">
141 # Support and Development of Polar Research and Technology (1997-02-03)
145 # Germany - year-round base
148 # India - year-round base
151 # Japan - year-round bases
155 # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1999-02-06):
156 # In all Japanese stations, +0300 is used as the standard time. [See]
157 # <a href="http://www.crl.go.jp/uk/uk201/basyo.htm">[reference in Japanese]</a>
158 # and information from KAMO Hiroyasu <wd@ics.nara-wu.ac.jp>.
160 # Syowa station, which is the first antarctic station of Japan,
161 # was established on 1957-01-29. Since Syowa station is still the main
162 # station of Japan, it's appropriate for the principal location.
163 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
164 Zone Antarctica/Syowa 0 - zzz 1957 Jan 29
165 3:00 - SYOT # Syowa Time
167 # <a href="http://www.nipr.ac.jp/english/ara01.html">
168 # NIPR Antarctic Research Activities (1999-08-17)
171 # S Korea - year-round base
172 # King Sejong, King George Island, since 1988
174 # New Zealand - claims
175 # Balleny Islands (never inhabited)
176 # Scott Island (never inhabited)
179 # Scott, Ross Island, since 1957-01, is like Antarctica/McMurdo.
181 # These rules for New Zealand are stolen from the `australasia' file.
182 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
183 Rule NZAQ 1974 only - Nov 3 2:00s 1:00 D
184 Rule NZAQ 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
185 Rule NZAQ 1989 only - Oct 8 2:00s 1:00 D
186 Rule NZAQ 1990 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
187 Rule NZAQ 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00s 0 S
188 Rule NZAQ 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
189 Rule NZAQ 1990 max - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S
191 # Norway - territories
192 # Bouvet (never inhabited)
195 # Peter I Island (never inhabited)
197 # Poland - year-round base
198 # Arctowski, King George Island, -620945-0582745, since 1977
200 # Russia - year-round bases
201 # Bellingshausen, King George Island, -621159-0585337, since 1968-02-22
202 # Mirny, Davis coast, -6633+09301, since 1956-02
206 # Vostok, since 1957-12-16
207 # <a href="http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/antarctica/QA/computers/Directions,Time,ZIP">
208 # From Craig Mundell (1994-12-15)</a>:
209 # Vostok, which is one of the Russian stations, is set on the same
210 # time as Moscow, Russia.
212 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
213 # Today I talked with a neighbor Robert Lee Hotz, a neighbor who
214 # recently returned from Vostok. He said that the Americans have a
215 # substation next to Vostok that keeps New Zealand time.
216 # He thought the Russians still use Moscow time, but wasn't sure.
218 Zone Antarctica/Vostok 0 - zzz 1957 Dec 16
219 3:00 RussAQ MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
220 2:00 RussAQ EE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
223 # S Africa - year-round bases
229 # British Antarctic Territories (BAT) claims
230 # South Orkney Islands
231 # scientific station from 1903
232 # whaling station at Signy I 1920/1926
233 # South Shetland Islands
234 # whaling station at Deception I 1912/1931
235 # scientific station from 1943;
236 # previously sealers and a scientific expedition wintered by accident,
237 # and a garrison was deployed briefly
240 # Bird Island, South Georgia, -5400-03803, since 1983
241 # Halley, Coates Land, -7535-2619, since 1956-01-06
242 # Rothera, Adelaide Island, -6734-6808, since 1976-12-01
244 # Uruguay - year round base
245 # Artigas, King George Island, -621104-0585107
247 # USA - year-round bases
249 # Palmer, Anvers Island, since 1965 (moved 2 miles in 1968)
251 # From Ethan Dicks <erd@mcmsun5.mcmurdo.gov> (1996-10-06):
252 # It keeps the same time as Punta Arenas, Chile, because, just like us
253 # and the South Pole, that's the other end of their supply line....
254 # I verified with someone who was there that since 1980,
255 # Palmer has followed Chile. Prior to that, before the Falklands War,
256 # Palmer used to be supplied from Argentina.
258 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
259 Zone Antarctica/Palmer 0 - zzz 1965
260 -4:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
261 -3:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1982 May
265 # McMurdo, Ross Island, since 1956
266 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
267 Zone Antarctica/McMurdo 0 - zzz 1956
270 # Amundsen-Scott, South Pole, since 1957-01-23
271 # From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03):
272 # Normally it wouldn't have a separate entry, since it's like the
273 # larger Antarctica/McMurdo since 1970, but it's too famous to omit.
275 # From Chris Carrier <72157.3334@CompuServe.COM> (1996-06-27):
276 # Siple, the first commander of the South Pole station,
277 # stated that he would have liked to have kept GMT at the station,
278 # but that he found it more convenient to keep GMT+12
279 # as supplies for the station were coming from McMurdo Sound,
280 # which was on GMT+12 because New Zealand was on GMT+12 all year
281 # at that time (1957). (Source: Siple's book 90 degrees SOUTH.)
284 # http://www.cybertours.com/whs/pole10.html
285 # (1995-11-13 16:24:56 +1300, no longer available):
286 # We use the same time as McMurdo does.
287 # And they use the same time as Christchurch, NZ does....
288 # One last quirk about South Pole time.
289 # All the electric clocks are usually wrong.
290 # Something about the generators running at 60.1hertz or something
291 # makes all of the clocks run fast. So every couple of days,
292 # we have to go around and set them back 5 minutes or so.
293 # Maybe if we let them run fast all of the time, we'd get to leave here sooner!!
295 Link Antarctica/McMurdo Antarctica/South_Pole