1 /* Run-time dynamic linker data structures for loaded ELF shared objects.
2 Copyright (C) 1995-1999, 2000, 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 This file is part of the GNU C Library.
5 The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
6 modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
7 License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
8 version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
10 The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
13 Lesser General Public License for more details.
15 You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
16 License along with the GNU C Library; if not, write to the Free
17 Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA
32 #include <fpu_control.h>
35 #include <dl-lookupcfg.h>
36 #include <bits/libc-lock.h>
37 #include <hp-timing.h>
41 /* We use this macro to refer to ELF types independent of the native wordsize.
42 `ElfW(TYPE)' is used in place of `Elf32_TYPE' or `Elf64_TYPE'. */
43 #define ELFW(type) _ElfW (ELF, __ELF_NATIVE_CLASS, type)
45 /* All references to the value of l_info[DT_PLTGOT],
46 l_info[DT_STRTAB], l_info[DT_SYMTAB], l_info[DT_RELA],
47 l_info[DT_REL], l_info[DT_JMPREL], and l_info[VERSYMIDX (DT_VERSYM)]
48 have to be accessed via the D_PTR macro. The macro is needed since for
49 most architectures the entry is already relocated - but for some not
50 and we need to relocate at access time. */
51 #ifdef DL_RO_DYN_SECTION
52 # define D_PTR(map,i) (map->i->d_un.d_ptr + map->l_addr)
54 # define D_PTR(map,i) map->i->d_un.d_ptr
57 /* On some platforms more information than just the address of the symbol
58 is needed from the lookup functions. In this case we return the whole
60 #ifdef DL_LOOKUP_RETURNS_MAP
61 typedef struct link_map *lookup_t;
62 # define LOOKUP_VALUE(map) map
63 # define LOOKUP_VALUE_ADDRESS(map) (map ? map->l_addr : 0)
65 typedef ElfW(Addr) lookup_t;
66 # define LOOKUP_VALUE(map) map->l_addr
67 # define LOOKUP_VALUE_ADDRESS(address) address
70 /* on some architectures a pointer to a function is not just a pointer
71 to the actual code of the function but rather an architecture
72 specific descriptor. */
73 #ifndef ELF_FUNCTION_PTR_IS_SPECIAL
74 # define DL_SYMBOL_ADDRESS(map, ref) \
75 (void *) (LOOKUP_VALUE_ADDRESS (map) + ref->st_value)
76 # define DL_LOOKUP_ADDRESS(addr) ((ElfW(Addr)) (addr))
77 # define DL_DT_INIT_ADDRESS(map, start) (start)
78 # define DL_DT_FINI_ADDRESS(map, start) (start)
81 /* Unmap a loaded object, called by _dl_close (). */
82 #ifndef DL_UNMAP_IS_SPECIAL
83 # define DL_UNMAP(map) \
84 __munmap ((void *) (map)->l_map_start, \
85 (map)->l_map_end - (map)->l_map_start)
88 /* By default we do not need special support to initialize DSOs loaded
89 by statically linked binaries. */
90 #ifndef DL_STATIC_INIT
91 # define DL_STATIC_INIT(map)
94 /* Reloc type classes as returned by elf_machine_type_class().
95 ELF_RTYPE_CLASS_PLT means this reloc should not be satisfied by
96 some PLT symbol, ELF_RTYPE_CLASS_COPY means this reloc should not be
97 satisfied by any symbol in the executable. */
98 #define ELF_RTYPE_CLASS_PLT 1
99 #define ELF_RTYPE_CLASS_COPY 2
101 /* ELF uses the PF_x macros to specify the segment permissions, mmap
102 uses PROT_xxx. In most cases the three macros have the values 1, 2,
103 and 3 but not in a matching order. The following macros allows
104 converting from the PF_x values to PROT_xxx values. */
106 ((PROT_READ << (PF_R * 4)) \
107 | (PROT_WRITE << (PF_W * 4)) \
108 | (PROT_EXEC << (PF_X * 4)) \
109 | ((PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE) << ((PF_R | PF_W) * 4)) \
110 | ((PROT_READ | PROT_EXEC) << ((PF_R | PF_X) * 4)) \
111 | ((PROT_WRITE | PROT_EXEC) << (PF_W | PF_X) * 4) \
112 | ((PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE | PROT_EXEC) << ((PF_R | PF_W | PF_X) * 4)))
115 /* For the version handling we need an array with only names and their
117 struct r_found_version
123 const char *filename;
126 /* We want to cache information about the searches for shared objects. */
128 enum r_dir_status { unknown, nonexisting, existing };
130 struct r_search_path_elem
132 /* This link is only used in the `all_dirs' member of `r_search_path'. */
133 struct r_search_path_elem *next;
135 /* Strings saying where the definition came from. */
139 /* Basename for this search path element. The string must end with
140 a slash character. */
144 enum r_dir_status status[0];
154 /* A data structure for a simple single linked list of strings. */
157 const char *name; /* Name requested (before search). */
158 struct libname_list *next; /* Link to next name for this object. */
159 int dont_free; /* Flag whether this element should be freed
160 if the object is not entirely unloaded. */
164 /* Test whether given NAME matches any of the names of the given object. */
166 __attribute__ ((unused))
167 _dl_name_match_p (const char *__name, struct link_map *__map)
169 int __found = strcmp (__name, __map->l_name) == 0;
170 struct libname_list *__runp = __map->l_libname;
172 while (! __found && __runp != NULL)
173 if (strcmp (__name, __runp->name) == 0)
176 __runp = __runp->next;
181 /* Function used as argument for `_dl_receive_error' function. The
182 arguments are the error code, error string, and the objname the
183 error occurred in. */
184 typedef void (*receiver_fct) (int, const char *, const char *);
186 /* Internal functions of the run-time dynamic linker.
187 These can be accessed if you link again the dynamic linker
188 as a shared library, as in `-lld' or `/lib/ld.so' explicitly;
189 but are not normally of interest to user programs.
191 The `-ldl' library functions in <dlfcn.h> provide a simple
192 user interface to run-time dynamic linking. */
196 # define EXTERN extern
197 # define GL(name) _##name
200 # define GL(name) _rtld_global._##name
204 /* Don't change the order of the following elements. 'dl_loaded'
205 must remain the first element. Forever. */
207 /* And a pointer to the map for the main map. */
208 EXTERN struct link_map *_dl_loaded;
209 /* Number of object in the _dl_loaded list. */
210 EXTERN unsigned int _dl_nloaded;
211 /* Array representing global scope. */
212 EXTERN struct r_scope_elem *_dl_global_scope[2];
213 /* Direct pointer to the searchlist of the main object. */
214 EXTERN struct r_scope_elem *_dl_main_searchlist;
215 /* Copy of the content of `_dl_main_searchlist'. */
216 EXTERN struct r_scope_elem _dl_initial_searchlist;
217 /* This is zero at program start to signal that the global scope map is
218 allocated by rtld. Later it keeps the size of the map. It might be
219 reset if in _dl_close if the last global object is removed. */
220 EXTERN size_t _dl_global_scope_alloc;
222 /* If nonzero the appropriate debug information is printed. */
223 EXTERN int _dl_debug_mask;
224 #define DL_DEBUG_LIBS (1 << 0)
225 #define DL_DEBUG_IMPCALLS (1 << 1)
226 #define DL_DEBUG_BINDINGS (1 << 2)
227 #define DL_DEBUG_SYMBOLS (1 << 3)
228 #define DL_DEBUG_VERSIONS (1 << 4)
229 #define DL_DEBUG_RELOC (1 << 5)
230 #define DL_DEBUG_FILES (1 << 6)
231 #define DL_DEBUG_STATISTICS (1 << 7)
232 /* This one is used only internally. */
233 #define DL_DEBUG_HELP (1 << 8)
234 #define DL_DEBUG_PRELINK (1 << 9)
236 /* Cached value of `getpagesize ()'. */
237 EXTERN size_t _dl_pagesize;
239 /* During the program run we must not modify the global data of
240 loaded shared object simultanously in two threads. Therefore we
241 protect `_dl_open' and `_dl_close' in dl-close.c.
243 This must be a recursive lock since the initializer function of
244 the loaded object might as well require a call to this function.
245 At this time it is not anymore a problem to modify the tables. */
246 __libc_lock_define_recursive (EXTERN, _dl_load_lock)
249 EXTERN unsigned int _dl_osversion;
251 EXTERN const char *_dl_platform;
252 EXTERN size_t _dl_platformlen;
255 /* File descriptor referring to the zero-fill device. */
256 EXTERN int _dl_zerofd;
259 /* CLK_TCK as reported by the kernel. */
260 EXTERN int _dl_clktck;
262 /* If nonzero print warnings messages. */
263 EXTERN int _dl_verbose;
265 /* Do we do lazy relocations? */
268 /* Nonzero if runtime lookups should not update the .got/.plt. */
269 EXTERN int _dl_bind_not;
271 /* Nonzero if references should be treated as weak during runtime
273 EXTERN int _dl_dynamic_weak;
275 /* Default floating-point control word. */
276 EXTERN fpu_control_t _dl_fpu_control;
278 /* The object to be initialized first. */
279 EXTERN struct link_map *_dl_initfirst;
282 /* Start time on CPU clock. */
283 EXTERN hp_timing_t _dl_cpuclock_offset;
285 /* Overhead of a high-precision timing measurement. */
286 EXTERN hp_timing_t _dl_hp_timing_overhead;
289 /* Name of the shared object to be profiled (if any). */
290 EXTERN const char *_dl_profile;
291 /* Map of shared object to be profiled. */
292 EXTERN struct link_map *_dl_profile_map;
293 /* Filename of the output file. */
294 EXTERN const char *_dl_profile_output;
295 /* Map of shared object to be prelink traced. */
296 EXTERN struct link_map *_dl_trace_prelink_map;
297 /* Name of the object we want to trace the prelinking. */
298 EXTERN const char *_dl_trace_prelink;
300 /* Expected cache ID. */
301 EXTERN int _dl_correct_cache_id;
303 /* Counters for the number of relocations performed. */
304 EXTERN unsigned long int _dl_num_relocations;
305 EXTERN unsigned long int _dl_num_cache_relocations;
307 /* Mask for hardware capabilities that are available. */
308 EXTERN unsigned long int _dl_hwcap;
310 /* Mask for important hardware capabilities we honour. */
311 EXTERN unsigned long int _dl_hwcap_mask;
313 /* Names of shared object for which the RPATH should be ignored. */
314 EXTERN const char *_dl_inhibit_rpath;
316 /* Location of the binary. */
317 EXTERN const char *_dl_origin_path;
319 /* List of search directories. */
320 EXTERN struct r_search_path_elem *_dl_all_dirs;
321 EXTERN struct r_search_path_elem *_dl_init_all_dirs;
323 /* File descriptor to write debug messages to. */
324 EXTERN int _dl_debug_fd;
326 /* Get architecture specific definitions. */
327 #define PROCINFO_DECL
328 #include <dl-procinfo.c>
330 /* Structure describing the dynamic linker itself. */
331 EXTERN struct link_map _dl_rtld_map;
334 extern struct rtld_global _rtld_global;
338 /* Parameters passed to the dynamic linker. */
340 extern char **_dl_argv;
342 /* The array with message we print as a last resort. */
343 extern const char _dl_out_of_memory[];
346 /* OS-dependent function to open the zero-fill device. */
347 extern int _dl_sysdep_open_zero_fill (void); /* dl-sysdep.c */
350 /* Write message on the debug file descriptor. The parameters are
351 interpreted as for a `printf' call. All the lines start with a
352 tag showing the PID. */
353 extern void _dl_debug_printf (const char *fmt, ...)
354 __attribute__ ((__format__ (__printf__, 1, 2)));
355 extern void _dl_debug_printf_internal (const char *fmt, ...)
356 __attribute__ ((__format__ (__printf__, 1, 2)));
358 /* Write message on the debug file descriptor. The parameters are
359 interpreted as for a `printf' call. All the lines buf the first
360 start with a tag showing the PID. */
361 extern void _dl_debug_printf_c (const char *fmt, ...)
362 __attribute__ ((__format__ (__printf__, 1, 2)));
365 /* Write a message on the specified descriptor FD. The parameters are
366 interpreted as for a `printf' call. */
367 extern void _dl_dprintf (int fd, const char *fmt, ...)
368 __attribute__ ((__format__ (__printf__, 2, 3)));
370 /* Write a message on the specified descriptor standard output. The
371 parameters are interpreted as for a `printf' call. */
372 #define _dl_printf(fmt, args...) \
373 _dl_dprintf (STDOUT_FILENO, fmt, ##args)
375 /* Write a message on the specified descriptor standard error. The
376 parameters are interpreted as for a `printf' call. */
377 #define _dl_error_printf(fmt, args...) \
378 _dl_dprintf (STDERR_FILENO, fmt, ##args)
380 /* Write a message on the specified descriptor standard error and exit
381 the program. The parameters are interpreted as for a `printf' call. */
382 #define _dl_fatal_printf(fmt, args...) \
385 _dl_dprintf (STDERR_FILENO, fmt, ##args); \
391 /* This function is called by all the internal dynamic linker functions
392 when they encounter an error. ERRCODE is either an `errno' code or
393 zero; OBJECT is the name of the problematical shared object, or null if
394 it is a general problem; ERRSTRING is a string describing the specific
396 extern void _dl_signal_error (int errcode, const char *object,
397 const char *occurred, const char *errstring)
399 __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
400 extern void _dl_signal_error_internal (int errcode, const char *object,
401 const char *occurred,
402 const char *errstring)
404 __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
406 /* Like _dl_signal_error, but may return when called in the context of
407 _dl_receive_error. */
408 extern void _dl_signal_cerror (int errcode, const char *object,
409 const char *occation, const char *errstring)
412 /* Call OPERATE, receiving errors from `dl_signal_cerror'. Unlike
413 `_dl_catch_error' the operation is resumed after the OPERATE
415 ARGS is passed as argument to OPERATE. */
416 extern void _dl_receive_error (receiver_fct fct, void (*operate) (void *),
421 /* Open the shared object NAME and map in its segments.
422 LOADER's DT_RPATH is used in searching for NAME.
423 If the object is already opened, returns its existing map.
424 For preloaded shared objects PRELOADED is set to a non-zero
425 value to allow additional security checks. */
426 extern struct link_map *_dl_map_object (struct link_map *loader,
427 const char *name, int preloaded,
428 int type, int trace_mode, int mode)
430 extern struct link_map *_dl_map_object_internal (struct link_map *loader,
433 int type, int trace_mode,
437 /* Call _dl_map_object on the dependencies of MAP, and set up
438 MAP->l_searchlist. PRELOADS points to a vector of NPRELOADS previously
439 loaded objects that will be inserted into MAP->l_searchlist after MAP
440 but before its dependencies. */
441 extern void _dl_map_object_deps (struct link_map *map,
442 struct link_map **preloads,
443 unsigned int npreloads, int trace_mode)
445 extern void _dl_map_object_deps_internal (struct link_map *map,
446 struct link_map **preloads,
447 unsigned int npreloads,
451 /* Cache the locations of MAP's hash table. */
452 extern void _dl_setup_hash (struct link_map *map) internal_function;
455 /* Search loaded objects' symbol tables for a definition of the symbol
456 referred to by UNDEF. *SYM is the symbol table entry containing the
457 reference; it is replaced with the defining symbol, and the base load
458 address of the defining object is returned. SYMBOL_SCOPE is a
459 null-terminated list of object scopes to search; each object's
460 l_searchlist (i.e. the segment of the dependency tree starting at that
461 object) is searched in turn. REFERENCE_NAME should name the object
462 containing the reference; it is used in error messages.
463 TYPE_CLASS describes the type of symbol we are looking for. */
464 extern lookup_t _dl_lookup_symbol (const char *undef,
465 struct link_map *undef_map,
466 const ElfW(Sym) **sym,
467 struct r_scope_elem *symbol_scope[],
468 int type_class, int explicit)
470 extern lookup_t _dl_lookup_symbol_internal (const char *undef,
471 struct link_map *undef_map,
472 const ElfW(Sym) **sym,
473 struct r_scope_elem *symbol_scope[],
474 int type_class, int explicit)
477 /* Lookup versioned symbol. */
478 extern lookup_t _dl_lookup_versioned_symbol (const char *undef,
479 struct link_map *undef_map,
480 const ElfW(Sym) **sym,
481 struct r_scope_elem *symbol_scope[],
482 const struct r_found_version *version,
483 int type_class, int explicit)
485 extern lookup_t _dl_lookup_versioned_symbol_internal (const char *undef,
486 struct link_map *undef_map,
487 const ElfW(Sym) **sym,
488 struct r_scope_elem *symbol_scope[],
489 const struct r_found_version *version,
494 /* For handling RTLD_NEXT we must be able to skip shared objects. */
495 extern lookup_t _dl_lookup_symbol_skip (const char *undef,
496 struct link_map *undef_map,
497 const ElfW(Sym) **sym,
498 struct r_scope_elem *symbol_scope[],
499 struct link_map *skip_this)
502 /* For handling RTLD_NEXT with versioned symbols we must be able to
503 skip shared objects. */
504 extern lookup_t _dl_lookup_versioned_symbol_skip (const char *undef,
505 struct link_map *undef_map,
506 const ElfW(Sym) **sym,
507 struct r_scope_elem *symbol_scope[],
508 const struct r_found_version *version,
509 struct link_map *skip_this)
512 /* Look up symbol NAME in MAP's scope and return its run-time address. */
513 extern ElfW(Addr) _dl_symbol_value (struct link_map *map, const char *name)
516 /* Allocate a `struct link_map' for a new object being loaded,
517 and enter it into the _dl_main_map list. */
518 extern struct link_map *_dl_new_object (char *realname, const char *libname,
519 int type, struct link_map *loader)
522 /* Relocate the given object (if it hasn't already been).
523 SCOPE is passed to _dl_lookup_symbol in symbol lookups.
524 If LAZY is nonzero, don't relocate its PLT. */
525 extern void _dl_relocate_object (struct link_map *map,
526 struct r_scope_elem *scope[],
527 int lazy, int consider_profiling);
528 extern void _dl_relocate_object_internal (struct link_map *map,
529 struct r_scope_elem *scope[],
530 int lazy, int consider_profiling);
532 /* Call _dl_signal_error with a message about an unhandled reloc type.
533 TYPE is the result of ELFW(R_TYPE) (r_info), i.e. an R_<CPU>_* value.
534 PLT is nonzero if this was a PLT reloc; it just affects the message. */
535 extern void _dl_reloc_bad_type (struct link_map *map,
536 unsigned int type, int plt)
537 internal_function __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
539 /* Resolve conflicts if prelinking. */
540 extern void _dl_resolve_conflicts (struct link_map *l,
541 ElfW(Rela) *conflict,
542 ElfW(Rela) *conflictend);
544 /* Check the version dependencies of all objects available through
545 MAP. If VERBOSE print some more diagnostics. */
546 extern int _dl_check_all_versions (struct link_map *map, int verbose,
550 /* Check the version dependencies for MAP. If VERBOSE print some more
552 extern int _dl_check_map_versions (struct link_map *map, int verbose,
556 /* Initialize the object in SCOPE by calling the constructors with
557 ARGC, ARGV, and ENV as the parameters. */
558 extern void _dl_init (struct link_map *main_map, int argc, char **argv,
559 char **env) internal_function;
561 /* Call the finalizer functions of all shared objects whose
562 initializer functions have completed. */
563 extern void _dl_fini (void) internal_function;
565 /* The dynamic linker calls this function before and having changing
566 any shared object mappings. The `r_state' member of `struct r_debug'
567 says what change is taking place. This function's address is
568 the value of the `r_brk' member. */
569 extern void _dl_debug_state (void);
570 extern void _dl_debug_state_internal (void);
572 /* Initialize `struct r_debug' if it has not already been done. The
573 argument is the run-time load address of the dynamic linker, to be put
574 in the `r_ldbase' member. Returns the address of the structure. */
575 extern struct r_debug *_dl_debug_initialize (ElfW(Addr) ldbase)
578 /* Initialize the basic data structure for the search paths. */
579 extern void _dl_init_paths (const char *library_path) internal_function;
581 /* Gather the information needed to install the profiling tables and start
583 extern void _dl_start_profile (struct link_map *map, const char *output_dir)
585 extern void _dl_start_profile_internal (struct link_map *map,
586 const char *output_dir)
589 /* The actual functions used to keep book on the calls. */
590 extern void _dl_mcount (ElfW(Addr) frompc, ElfW(Addr) selfpc);
592 /* This function is simply a wrapper around the _dl_mcount function
593 which does not require a FROMPC parameter since this is the
595 extern void _dl_mcount_wrapper (void *selfpc);
597 /* Show the members of the auxiliary array passed up from the kernel. */
598 extern void _dl_show_auxv (void) internal_function;
600 /* Return all environment variables starting with `LD_', one after the
602 extern char *_dl_next_ld_env_entry (char ***position) internal_function;
604 /* Return an array with the names of the important hardware capabilities. */
605 extern const struct r_strlenpair *_dl_important_hwcaps (const char *platform,
608 size_t *max_capstrlen)
611 /* Look up NAME in ld.so.cache and return the file name stored there,
612 or null if none is found. */
613 extern const char *_dl_load_cache_lookup (const char *name)
616 /* If the system does not support MAP_COPY we cannot leave the file open
617 all the time since this would create problems when the file is replaced.
618 Therefore we provide this function to close the file and open it again
620 extern void _dl_unload_cache (void);
621 extern void _dl_unload_cache_internal (void);
623 /* System-dependent function to read a file's whole contents in the
624 most convenient manner available. *SIZEP gets the size of the
625 file. On error MAP_FAILED is returned. */
626 extern void *_dl_sysdep_read_whole_file (const char *file, size_t *sizep,
630 /* System-specific function to do initial startup for the dynamic linker.
631 After this, file access calls and getenv must work. This is responsible
632 for setting __libc_enable_secure if we need to be secure (e.g. setuid),
633 and for setting _dl_argc and _dl_argv, and then calling _dl_main. */
634 extern ElfW(Addr) _dl_sysdep_start (void **start_argptr,
635 void (*dl_main) (const ElfW(Phdr) *phdr,
637 ElfW(Addr) *user_entry));
639 extern void _dl_sysdep_start_cleanup (void)
645 #endif /* ldsodefs.h */